KR102400189B1 - dialysate regeneration apparatus and wearable artificial kidney apparatus based on forward osmosis - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a forward osmosis-based dialysis fluid regeneration device for regenerating and supplying dialysis fluid from hemofiltration dialysis fluid in a forward osmosis method and a wearable artificial kidney device having the same. a forward osmosis regeneration chamber configured to discharge a waste dialysis solution in which dialysis water is separated from the hemofiltration dialysis solution, and to supply a dialysis solution in which the dialysis water and the concentrated dialysis solution are mixed; and a forward osmosis membrane installed inside the forward osmosis regeneration chamber to filter and regenerate dialysis water from the hemofiltration dialysis solution in a forward osmosis method. provide the device.

Description

Forward osmosis-based dialysis solution regeneration apparatus and wearable artificial kidney apparatus {dialysate regeneration apparatus and wearable artificial kidney apparatus based on forward osmosis}

The present invention relates to a hemodialysis fluid regeneration device and a wearable artificial kidney device, and more particularly, by regenerating and supplying the dialysis fluid from the hemofiltration dialysis fluid in a forward osmosis method so that the dialysis fluid can be concentrated to a high concentration, thereby providing a necessary dialysis fluid. And it relates to a forward osmosis-based dialysate regeneration device and a wearable artificial kidney device that allow the hemodialysis machine to be manufactured to be wearable by minimizing the amount of the lung dialysate and reducing the overall size.

In general, the kidneys regulate nitrogenous waste and certain organic compounds excretion, maintenance of volume homeostasis, osmotic pressure, acidity, divalent cations, phosphorus, potassium regulation, blood pressure or red blood cell production, vitamin D synthesis, antibody expression, immune regulation, oxidation It is an organ that performs functions such as reducing balance regulation.

When such kidney dysfunction occurs, before permanent treatment such as kidney transplantation or artificial kidney surgery, blood using a dialysate solution similar to human blood components to remove waste products containing toxin substances such as urea or nitrogen in the blood into the lung dialysate Dialysis is performed.

The basic principle of such hemodialysis is to remove toxins such as urea or nitrogen from the patient's blood by means of ultrafiltration (ultrafiltration), diffusion, convection, etc. using a semipermeable membrane.

Hemodialysis using the above-described ultrafiltration is performed using a blood anticoagulant such as heparin and a dialysis solution to prevent blood clotting. Specifically, as the blood and the dialysate flow in opposite directions with the semipermeable membrane interposed therebetween, movement of the solute occurs through the membrane. In this case, the movement of the solute is mainly achieved through diffusion, in which the movement of the solute occurs due to a difference in concentration between the two solutions. Excess body fluid is removed through ultrafiltration, a phenomenon in which water moves from the blood to the dialysis solution by the difference in hydrostatic pressure between the blood side and the dialysate side across the semipermeable membrane (the dialysate side is negative compared to the blood side). The phenomenon in which small molecular weight solutes (sodium, chlorine, urea, etc.) dissolved in water move together with water during water movement is called solvent attraction, and the removal of solutes by ultrafiltration is called convection.

The advantage of hemodialysis is that it is safe because the medical staff is in charge of the dialysis, and the metabolic disorder is corrected quickly with treatment 2-3 times a week.

However, hemodialysis requires a visit 2 to 3 times a week, daily life is limited in the hospital schedule, and waste products accumulate in the body between treatments, so food and water control are essential.

Accordingly, efforts have been made to develop an implanted or portable compact dialysis system so that patients with renal dysfunction can perform hemodialysis regardless of time and place.

Such a small dialysis system can be divided into a method using a membrane and a filtration method through a microfluidic channel depending on the implementation method. The filtration method using a membrane uses a semi-permeable membrane or uses nanotechnology to form pores. Cells, etc. are cultured on the surface to simulate the function of an actual kidney. However, these methods have a problem with a short service life due to deposits attached to the surface of the semipermeable membrane or the nanoporous membrane.

Also, in hemodialysis, the purity of the dialysis water constituting the dialysis fluid that collides with the blood with the semipermeable membrane interposed therebetween is important. This is because substances can enter the blood. At this time, if the substances introduced into the blood are harmful to the human body, a serious situation that may interfere with life may occur. Therefore, a sufficient amount of about 4L or more of the dialysate should be secured using high-purity dialysis water so that hemodialysis can be performed without internal substances moving into the blood.

Therefore, in the case of the prior art, the size of an essential dialysis fluid container for accommodating the necessary dialysis fluid is required, which has a problem in that it acts as an obstacle to the development of a portable or wearable artificial kidney device.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1012194

Therefore, the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art described above, and by regenerating and supplying dialysis water containing the components necessary for the body from the hemofiltration dialysis solution in which wastes are filtered by the forward osmosis method, the dialysis solution can be concentrated and used. It is a technical task to solve the problem of providing a forward osmosis-based dialysate regeneration device that can significantly reduce the size of an artificial kidney by reducing the amount of required dialysate and also reducing the amount of lung dialysate.

In addition, the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art described above, by regenerating water from a hemofiltration dialysate in a forward osmosis method so that it can be reused as dialysis water, by concentrating the dialysate and necessary for hemodialysis. By reducing the amount of dialysis water and the amount of pulmonary dialysis fluid, and thereby the size of the dialysis fluid and pulmonary dialysis fluid storage containers, the size is significantly reduced so that the patient can wear it and perform hemodialysis regardless of time and place Another technical problem to be solved is to provide a reduced wearable artificial kidney device.

An embodiment of the present invention for solving the above-described technical problem is to receive a hemofiltration dialysis solution, discharge the dialysis solution in which the dialysis water is separated from the hemofiltration dialysis solution, and dialysate the dialysis solution in which the dialysis water and the concentrated dialysis solution are mixed. a forward osmosis regeneration chamber configured to supply to the sub; and a forward osmosis membrane installed inside the forward osmosis regeneration chamber to filter and regenerate dialysis water from the hemofiltration dialysis solution in a forward osmosis method. provide the device.

The forward osmosis regeneration chamber includes: a hemofiltration dialysis fluid supply port which is divided into a hemofiltration dialysis fluid chamber and a dialysis fluid supply chamber by the forward osmosis membrane, and is installed on the hemofiltration dialysis fluid chamber side to receive the hemofiltration dialysis fluid; a waste dialysis fluid outlet installed at the side of the hemofiltration dialysis fluid chamber to discharge the moisture-filtered pulmonary dialysis fluid; a concentrated dialysate supply port formed in the dialysate supply chamber to receive the concentrated dialysate; and a regenerated dialysis fluid outlet formed in the dialysis fluid supply chamber to supply the dialysis fluid in which the dialysis water and the concentrated dialysis fluid are mixed to the dialysis unit.

The forward osmosis regeneration chamber is characterized in that it is connected to supply the dialysis solution in which the dialysis water and the concentrated dialysis solution are mixed as blood to be re-injected to the patient after being filtered.

The forward osmosis regeneration chamber may further include a dialysis fluid detection unit that detects and outputs the amount and concentration of a mixed solution of dialysis water and concentrated dialysis solution inside the dialysis fluid supply chamber.

The dialysate regeneration device may further include a concentrated dialysate supply unit for supplying the concentrated dialysate to the forward osmosis regeneration chamber.

The concentrated dialysate supply unit receives the dialysate detection signal of the dialysate detection unit configured in the forward osmosis regeneration chamber, and outputs a supply amount control signal of the concentrated dialysate supplied to the forward osmosis regeneration chamber or a supply amount adjustment control alarm. Control unit; characterized in that it is configured to further include.

The concentrated dialysate supply unit may further include a supply valve connected to the concentrated dialysate storage unit to control the amount of the concentrated dialysate to be supplied according to the control signal for the concentrated dialysate supply amount.

Another embodiment of the present invention for solving the above-described technical problem of the present invention is to receive human blood, supply filtered blood using dialysis solution to the human body, and transfer the dialysis solution containing wastes in the filtered blood to the hemofiltration dialysis solution. Dialysis unit discharging to; It is installed on the downstream side of the flow path of the hemofiltration dialysis fluid of the dialysis unit, receives the hemofiltration dialysis solution, regenerates dialysis water from the hemofiltration dialysis solution by a forward osmosis process, and then mixes the supplied concentrated dialysis solution to produce the dialysis solution. a dialysate regeneration unit for re-supplying to the dialysis unit; a concentrated dialysate supply unit for supplying the concentrated dialysate to the dialysate regeneration unit; and a wearable unit in which the dialysis unit, the dialysis solution regeneration unit, and the concentrated dialysis solution supply unit are installed so that the patient can wear it.

The dialysate regeneration unit may include: a forward osmosis regeneration chamber configured to receive the hemofiltration dialysis solution, discharge the waste dialysis solution in which the dialysis water is separated from the hemofiltration dialysis solution, and supply the dialysis solution in which the dialysis water and the concentrated dialysis solution are mixed to the dialysis unit; and a forward osmosis membrane installed inside the forward osmosis regeneration chamber to filter and regenerate dialysis water from the hemofiltration dialysis solution in a forward osmosis method.

The forward osmosis regeneration chamber includes: a hemofiltration dialysis fluid supply port which is divided into a hemofiltration dialysis fluid chamber and a dialysis fluid supply chamber by the forward osmosis membrane, and is installed on the hemofiltration dialysis fluid chamber side to receive the hemofiltration dialysis fluid; a lung dialysis fluid outlet installed at the side of the hemofiltration dialysis fluid chamber to discharge the moisture-filtered pulmonary dialysis fluid; a concentrated dialysate supply port formed in the dialysate supply chamber to receive the concentrated dialysate; and a regenerated dialysis fluid outlet formed in the dialysis fluid supply chamber to supply the dialysis fluid in which the dialysis water and the concentrated dialysis fluid are mixed to the dialysis unit.

The forward osmosis regeneration chamber is characterized in that it is connected to supply the dialysis solution in which the dialysis water and the concentrated dialysis solution are mixed as blood to be re-injected to the patient after being filtered.

The forward osmosis regeneration chamber may further include a dialysis fluid detection unit that detects and outputs the amount and concentration of a mixed solution of dialysis water and concentrated dialysis solution inside the dialysis fluid supply chamber.

The dialysate regeneration device may further include a concentrated dialysate supply unit for supplying the concentrated dialysate to the forward osmosis regeneration chamber.

The concentrated dialysate supply unit is characterized in that it comprises a; concentrated dialysate storage unit for storing the concentrated dialysate solution.

The concentrated dialysate supply unit receives the dialysate detection signal of the dialysate detection unit configured in the forward osmosis regeneration chamber, and outputs a supply amount control signal of the concentrated dialysis solution supplied to the forward osmosis regeneration chamber or a supply amount adjustment control alarm. Control unit; characterized in that it is configured to further include.

The concentrated dialysate supply unit may further include a supply valve connected to the concentrated dialysate storage unit to control the amount of the concentrated dialysate to be supplied according to the control signal for the concentrated dialysate supply amount.

According to the above-described embodiments of the present invention, pressure generation for dialysis such as a reverse osmosis method is reduced by regenerating water containing a dialysate component from the hemofiltration dialysis solution in a forward osmosis method so that it can be reused as dialysis water. It does not require the configuration of a pressure pump for , it provides an effect of realizing a wearable artificial kidney device that can be worn by a patient to perform hemodialysis regardless of time and place.

In addition, the dialysis fluid regeneration device and the wearable artificial kidney device according to an embodiment of the present invention regenerate dialysis fluid from hemofiltration dialysis fluid and re-administer the dialysis fluid to the patient, thereby administering to the patient to supplement the deficient body fluid discharged during dialysis in the prior art. It is also possible to reduce the amount of physiological saline such as hemosol, which provides the effect of reducing the cost of hemodialysis.

In addition, the dialysis fluid regeneration device and the wearable artificial kidney device according to an embodiment of the present invention enable the hemodialysis subject to be active while performing hemodialysis in a worn state, so that behaviors occurring during hemodialysis for 4 to 5 hours It provides the effect of allowing the patient to perform hemodialysis remarkably easily by preventing the occurrence of restrictions.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a dialysate regeneration apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a view showing a detailed configuration of the concentrated dialysis solution supply unit 200 .
3 is a cross-sectional view of a wearable artificial stretching device 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a view showing a portable artificial stretching device (1a) having a vest-type wearing part 410 of another embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a view comparing the reverse osmosis filtration (a) of the prior art and the forward osmosis filtration (b) of the dialysate regeneration apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a graph showing the experimental results of the hemofiltration dialysate (SD, Spent Dialysate) and the dialysis fluid before dialysis (RD: Raw Dialysate) through the dialysis fluid regeneration device 2 of FIG. 1 for water flux.
7 is a graph showing the concentration ratio and water recovery rate of the hemofiltration dialysate (SD, Spent Dialysate) and the dialysis fluid before dialysis (RD: Raw Dialysate) through the dialysis fluid regeneration device 2 of FIG. 1 .
8 is a graph showing the component characteristics of moisture or dialysis water regenerated from the dialysis fluid RD and hemofiltration dialysis fluid SD before dialysis through the dialysis fluid regeneration device 2 of FIG. 1 .
9 is a graph showing the characteristics of other components of moisture or dialysis water regenerated through the dialysis fluid regeneration device 2 of FIG. 1 .
10 to 13 are diagrams showing ions removal performance through the dialysate regeneration device 2 of FIG. 1 .
Fig. 14 is a view showing osmolarity measurement values during regeneration of the dialysate through the dialysate regeneration device 2 of Fig. 1;
FIG. 15 is a view showing measured values and theoretical values of osmolarity during regeneration of dialysate through the dialysate regeneration device 2 of FIG. 1. FIG.

In the following description of the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related well-known function or configuration may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Since the embodiment according to the concept of the present invention can have various changes and can have various forms, specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the present specification or application. However, this is not intended to limit the embodiment according to the concept of the present invention to a specific disclosed form, and it should be understood that the present invention includes all modifications, equivalents and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention.

When an element is referred to as being “connected” or “connected” to another element, it is understood that it may be directly connected or connected to the other element, but other elements may exist in between. it should be On the other hand, when it is said that a certain element is "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that the other element does not exist in the middle. Other expressions describing the relationship between elements, such as "between" and "immediately between" or "neighboring to" and "directly adjacent to", etc., should be interpreted similarly.

The terminology used herein is used only to describe specific embodiments, and is not intended to limit the present invention. The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present specification, terms such as “comprise” or “have” are intended to designate that the described feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or a combination thereof exists, and includes one or more other features or numbers. , it is to be understood that it does not preclude the possibility of the existence or addition of steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings showing embodiments of the present invention.

In the description of the embodiment of the present invention, 'hemofiltration dialysis fluid' means a dialysis fluid containing urea, creatinine, uric acid, and other toxin substances contained in blood in the 'dialysis unit 10' filtered.

In addition, 'concentrated dialysate' means that the volume of a physiological saline solution with the concentration of electrolyte, sugar, amino acid, small molecular weight protein, glucose, amino acid, and inorganic salt similar to that of blood is less than the volume (or amount) required for hemodialysis (e.g., It refers to a dialysate concentrated to about 50% (about 2L or less).

1 is a cross-sectional view of a dialysate regeneration apparatus 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a view showing a detailed configuration of the concentrated dialysate supply unit 200 .

1 and 2 , the dialysate regeneration apparatus 20 includes a forward osmosis regeneration chamber 110 and a dialysate regeneration unit 100 including a forward osmosis membrane 120 .

The forward osmosis regeneration chamber 110 receives hemofiltration dialysis fluid, and water 2 containing dialysis fluid components such as electrolytes, sugars, amino acids, small-molecular-weight proteins, glucose, amino acids, and inorganic salts from the dialysis fluid is transferred to dialysis water. The dialysis fluid supply chamber 113 is configured to discharge the remaining waste dialysis fluid after being separated by filtration, and to supply the dialysis fluid in which the dialysis water and the concentrated dialysis fluid are mixed to the dialysis unit.

In addition, the forward osmosis membrane 120 is installed inside the forward osmosis regeneration chamber 110 to filter the water 2 containing the dialysate component from the hemofiltration dialysis solution into the dialysis water in a forward osmosis method.

At this time, the forward osmosis membrane 120 divides the interior of the forward osmosis regeneration chamber 110 into a hemofiltration dialysis fluid chamber 111 and a dialysis fluid supply chamber 113. Inside the forward osmosis regeneration chamber 110 is installed The forward osmosis membrane 120 may be a CTA-NW or CTA-ES membrane manufactured by HTI (Hydration Technology, Inc.) having a cellulose triacetate (CTA) active layer and a polyester (PE) support layer and having an overall thickness of 40 to 60 μm. .

In addition, the forward osmosis regeneration chamber 110 has a hemofiltration dialysis fluid supply port 101 installed on the side of the hemofiltration dialysis fluid chamber 111 to receive the hemofiltration dialysis fluid, and the dialysis water for discharging the filtered waste dialysis fluid. A waste dialysis fluid outlet 103 installed on the side of the hemofiltration dialysis fluid chamber 111, a concentrated dialysis fluid supply port 105 formed in the dialysis fluid supply chamber 113 to receive the concentrated dialysis fluid, and the dialysis water and the concentrated dialysis fluid A regenerated dialysate outlet 107 is formed in the dialysate supply chamber 113 to supply the mixed dialysate to the dialysate unit.

In addition, the regenerated dialysate outlet 107 of the forward osmosis regeneration chamber 110 is connected to the dialysate unit 10 to supply the dialysate solution to the dialysate unit 10 (refer to FIG. 3 ) to be described below. In addition, the regenerated dialysis fluid outlet 107 may be connected to supply the regenerated dialysis fluid to replenish the patient's body fluid lacking due to dialysis and the filtered blood to the blood B for re-injecting the patient.

In addition, the forward osmosis regeneration chamber 110 may further include a dialysate detection unit 130 that detects and outputs the amount and concentration of a mixed solution of dialysis water and concentrated dialysis solution in the dialysate supply chamber 113 . there is. The dialysate detection unit 130 includes a dialysate concentration sensor and a water level sensor, and detects and outputs the water level and the concentration of the dialysate present in the dialysate supply chamber 113, thereby supplying the concentrated dialysate supply control unit 220 to control the supply of the concentrated dialysate or control the output of an alarm to control the supply of the concentrated dialysate.

As shown in FIG. 2, the concentrated dialysate supply unit 200 includes a concentrated dialysate storage unit 210 for storing the concentrated dialysate solution supplied to the forward osmosis regeneration chamber 113, and a dialysate detection unit configured in the forward osmosis regeneration chamber 110 ( 130) receiving the dialysate detection signal and outputting an output control signal for the supply amount of the concentrated dialysis solution supplied to the forward osmosis regeneration chamber 113 or an alarm for controlling the supply amount of the concentrated dialysate supplied to the forward osmosis regeneration chamber 113. Concentrated dialysis fluid supply controller 220 including can be configured.

In addition, the concentrated dialysate supply unit 200 is mounted on the concentrated dialysate storage unit 210 to control the amount of the concentrated dialysate supplied according to the concentrated dialysate supply amount control signal. A micropump 211 or the concentrated dialysate storage unit ( 210) connected to the concentrated dialysis solution supply control signal to control the amount of concentrated dialysis solution supplied according to the concentrated dialysis solution supply control signal, the concentrated dialysis solution supply control unit including at least one of the supply valve units 230 installed in the concentrated dialysis solution supply pipe 9 can be configured.

When the concentrated dialysate supply control unit 220 is configured to output an alarm for controlling the supply amount of the concentrated dialysate, it further includes an alarm output unit 221 including a display unit or a speaker for displaying an alarm or outputting a sound signal. it might be In this case, the user manually adjusts the supply valve unit 230 to control the amount of the supplied concentrated dialysis solution.

The dialysate regeneration device 20 having the above configuration separates the dialysate water from the hemofiltration dialysate by forward osmosis so that it can be reused as the dialysate so that the dialysate can be concentrated and supplied. or volume) can be reduced by 50% or more, and the amount of discharged dialysis fluid can be reduced correspondingly. Accordingly, the size of the dialysis machine can be reduced so that the user can carry out daily life while performing dialysis, thereby enabling the manufacture of the wearable artificial kidney device 1 .

3 is a cross-sectional view of a wearable artificial stretching device 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the wearable artificial kidney device 1 receives human blood and performs dialysis to filter it using a dialysis solution, then supplies the filtered blood to the human body, and blood containing wastes in the filtered blood. The dialysis unit 10 for discharging the dialysis solution is installed on the downstream side of the flow path of the hemofiltration dialysis solution of the dialysis unit 10 to receive the hemofiltration dialysis solution, and the hemofiltration dialysis solution contained in the hemofiltration dialysis solution by a forward osmosis process Water (2) containing electrolytes, sugars, amino acids, small-molecular-weight proteins, glucose, amino acids, inorganic salts, etc. is filtered and regenerated as dialysis water, and the dialysis solution produced by mixing the supplied concentrated dialysis solution is sent to the dialysis unit (10). The dialysate regeneration unit 100 for re-supplying, the concentrated dialysate supply unit 200 for supplying the concentrated dialysate to the dialysate regeneration unit, the power supply unit 300 for supplying driving power, and the dialysis unit 10 so that the patient can wear it and The dialysate regeneration unit 100, the concentrated dialysis solution supply unit 200, and the power supply unit 300 are connected by pipes and wires and are configured to include a wearing unit 400 installed therein.

The dialysis unit 10 may be configured to remove toxins such as urea or dioxin from the patient's blood by means of ultrafiltration (ultrafiltration), diffusion, convection, etc. using a semi-permeable membrane, and the like, and the driving power supply It is preferable that the dialysis method in which the minimization and the required pressure are minimized is applied.

In the above configuration, the dialysate regenerating unit 100 and the concentrated dialysis solution supply unit 200 are the same as those of the dialysate regenerating apparatus 20 of FIGS. 1 and 2 , and thus detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.

The power supply unit 300 may be configured to supply driving power including a secondary battery or a primary battery for driving the wearable artificial kidney device 1 .

In the above configuration, the dialysis unit 10 forms the dialysate regeneration unit 100 through the hemofiltration dialysis solution pipe 3 so as to supply the hemofiltration dialysis solution to the dialysis solution regeneration unit 100. Inside the forward osmosis regeneration chamber 110 It is connected to a hemofiltration dialysis fluid supply port 101 (refer to FIG. 1 ) that communicates with the hemofiltration dialysis fluid chamber 111 in the region. At this time, the dialysis fluid pipe 3 may be provided with a check valve or micropump 4 for preventing the backflow of the hemofiltration dialysis fluid.

In addition, the waste dialysis fluid outlet 103 formed in the hemofiltration dialysis fluid chamber 111 is connected to a separate dialysis fluid container 150 (refer to FIG. 4 ) through the waste dialysis fluid outlet pipe 5 . In this case, another check valve or micropump 6 may be provided in the waste dialysate discharge pipe 5 to prevent the backflow of the waste dialysate solution.

In addition, the concentrated dialysate supply port 105 (refer to FIG. 1 ) of the dialysate supply chamber 113, which is divided into regions by the forward osmosis membrane 120 inside the forward osmosis regeneration chamber 110, is connected to the regenerated dialysis water. It is connected to the concentrated dialysate supply unit 200 through the concentrated dialysate supply pipe 9 so as to supply the concentrated dialysate.

In addition, the dialysate unit 10 has a regenerated dialysis solution outlet 107 formed in the regenerated dialysate chamber 113 of the dialysate regenerating unit 100 through the regenerated dialysis solution supply pipe 7 to receive the dialysis solution from the dialysis solution regenerating unit 100. 1) is connected. At this time, the regenerated dialysis fluid supply pipe 7 is connected to the dialysis unit 10 and the dialysis unit 10 to supply the regenerated dialysis fluid to the blood that is re-injected to the patient to supplement the body fluid that has been drained and insufficient due to the dialysis of the patient undergoing dialysis. It may also be connected with a blood tube (B) that reinjects blood to the patient afterward. At this time, in order to prevent the backflow of the dialysate, a non-return valve 8 such as a check valve may be provided at an adjacent position coupled to the blood tube B for re-injecting the filtered blood of the regenerated dialysate supply tube 7 to the patient. can

The power supply unit 300 is configured to include a primary battery or a secondary battery, and is wired to supply power to each component that requires power of the aforementioned wearable artificial kidney device 1 and is configured to be coupled.

A dialysate regeneration device 20 including each of the connecting tubes 3, 5, 7, and 9 of the above configuration, the dialysis unit 10, the dialysis solution regeneration unit 100 and the concentrated dialysis solution supply unit 200, the waste dialysis solution The container 150 and the power supply unit 300 are integrally built into the inside of the wearing unit 400 having a form such as a portable belt that is worn and fixed to the human body by a buckle or Velcro as shown in FIG. Alternatively, it is configured as a wearable artificial kidney device 1 that allows a patient to perform hemodialysis while wearing it.

4 is a view showing a portable artificial stretching device 1a having a vest-type wearing part 410 of another embodiment of the present invention, and the above-described wearing part 400 is, as in FIG. 4, a vest-type wearing part ( 410) may be manufactured.

3 and 4, the wearing part 400 has been described as being in the form of a portable belt or the like as an example, but the wearing part 400 may be manufactured as a portable type that can be hung on a stand or the like.

<Experimental example>

In the description of the experimental example of the present invention, the supply-side dialysis fluid is dialysis fluid present in the hemofiltration dialysis fluid chamber 111 , and the regenerated dialysis water is filtered by the forward osmosis membrane 120 and collected in the dialysis fluid supply chamber 113 . means

5 is a view comparing the reverse osmosis filtration (a) of the prior art and the forward osmosis filtration (b) of the dialysate regeneration apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 5, in the case of reverse osmosis filtration (FIG. 5(a)) of the prior art, the pressure of the hemofiltration dialysate for filtration must be maintained at 400 to 1,100 PSI, but the dialysate regeneration apparatus 20 according to the embodiment of the present invention In the case of , by applying the forward osmosis method (FIG. 5 (b)), the pressure of the hemofiltration dialysis solution can be maintained at about 25 PSI, thereby eliminating the need for a separate pressure pump or the like.

In addition, since the filtration pressure is lowered to minimize the adhesion of foreign substances to the forward osmosis membrane 120 as a foulant (f), the decrease in the filtration performance of the forward osmosis membrane 120 due to the adhesion of foreign substances is reduced by reverse osmosis filtration (a). ) is significantly reduced compared to Accordingly, the present dialysis fluid regeneration device 20 reduces energy consumption and adhesion tendency compared to the reverse osmosis filtration method by applying the forward osmosis method, and improves the filtration efficiency and the dialysis water regeneration efficiency by having a high permeation efficiency. high, and has the advantage of facilitating maintenance.

Next, a forward osmosis filtration experiment of the dialysate regeneration device 20 using Hemosol B0 having the composition of the following [Table 1] was performed, [Table 2] shows the theoretical values, and [Table 3] shows the experiment indicates the result.

[Table 1]

[Table 2]

[Table 3]

HCO ₃ ^- ions were removed prior to IC (Ion Chromatography) test, and Lactate was not quantified.

As a result of the experiment, it was confirmed that the dialysis water produced by filtering water through the forward osmosis membrane 120 toward the dialysate supply chamber 113 had a component similar to that of Hemosol B0, a physiological saline solution for body fluid.

6 is a graph showing the experimental results of the permeated water flux in the hemofiltration dialysate (SD, Spent Dialysate) and the dialysis fluid before dialysis (RD: Raw Dialysate).

As a result of filtering the hemofiltration dialysate (SD, Spent Dialysate) and the dialysis fluid before dialysis (RD: Raw Dialysate) generated after filtering the patient's blood using the dialysis fluid regeneration device 20 of the present invention, respectively, the hemofiltration dialysis fluid In the case of (SD), the osmotic pressure was low due to the concentration difference of the components, and the filtration flow rate was a little low, but it was confirmed that the dialysis solution was effectively filtered and regenerated without a significant difference overall.

7 is a graph showing the concentration ratio and water recovery rate of the hemofiltration dialysate (SD, Spent Dialysate) and the dialysis solution before dialysis (RD: Raw Dialysate) supplied through the dialysis fluid regeneration device 2 of FIG. 1 .

As shown in FIG. 7, in the dialysis fluid (RD) and hemofiltration dialysis fluid (SD) before dialysis, respectively, the concentration rates of the feed dialysis fluid were about 8.561 and 7.6, and the water recovery rates were 7.889 and 7.063.

8 is a graph showing the component characteristics of water or dialysis water regenerated from the dialysis fluid RD and hemofiltration dialysis fluid SD before dialysis through the dialysis fluid regeneration device 2 of FIG. 1 .

As shown in FIG. 8, in the case of RD regenerated dialysis water and SD regenerated dialysis water regenerated from the dialysis fluid (RD) and hemofiltration dialysis fluid (SD) before dialysis, the PH and flow rate decreased, and the conductivity and salinity increased compared to before regeneration. confirmed that Through this, it was confirmed that the surface of the forward osmosis membrane 120 had a negative charge, so that OH ⁻ ions were not filtered and thus not included in the regenerated dialysis water.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing characteristics of other components of moisture or dialysis water regenerated through the dialysis fluid regeneration device 2 of FIG. 1 .

As shown in Figure 9, in the case of RD regeneration dialysis water and SD regeneration dialysis water regenerated from the dialysis fluid (RD) and hemofiltration dialysis fluid (SD) before dialysis, compared to before regeneration, 254 nm ultraviolet absorbance (UVA 254), total organic carbon content ( TOC), alkali component, and extreme ultraviolet absorption for detecting carbon materials having aromatic properties were all reduced. That is, it was confirmed that all carbon materials having total organic carbon, alkaline components, and aromatic properties harmful to the human body were removed.

10 to 13 are diagrams illustrating performance of removing ions through the dialysate regeneration device 2 of FIG. 1 .

As shown in FIGS. 10 to 13 , it was confirmed that positive and negative ions harmful to the human body were all filtered by the forward osmosis membrane 120 by the dialysate regeneration device 2 of FIG. 1 and removed from the regenerated dialysis water.

10 is a view showing the ion removal of the dialysis fluid (RD, SD) before being introduced into the forward osmosis regeneration chamber 110 for the dialysis fluid (RD) and the hemofiltration dialysis fluid (SD) before dialysis, the supply-side dialysis fluid, and the entire regeneration dialysis water and the concentration amount. 11 shows the removal characteristics of cations, FIG. 12 shows the removal characteristics of anions, and FIG. 13 shows the removal rate (%) of each ion.

As can be seen from FIGS. 10 to 13 , it was confirmed that most of the ionic components harmful to the human body were filtered through the forward osmosis membrane 120 .

FIG. 14 is a view showing osmolarity measurement values during regeneration of dialysate through the dialysate regeneration device 2 of FIG. 1, and FIG. (osmolarity) It is a diagram showing the measured value and the theoretical value.

14 shows the dialysate (RD, SD) before being introduced into the forward osmosis regeneration chamber 110 with respect to the dialysis fluid (RD) and the hemofiltration dialysis fluid (SD) before dialysis, the supply-side dialysis fluid, the dialysis fluid after 72 hours of forward osmosis regeneration, and the like. shows the osmotic pressure measured for each regenerated dialysis water sample, and FIG. 15 shows the osmotic pressure characteristics of the dialysis solution (RD), hemofiltration dialysis solution (SD) and 2M MgSO ⁴ solution before dialysis.

14 and 15, the amount of regenerated dialysis water in both the dialysis fluid (RD) and hemofiltration dialysis fluid (SD) before dialysis was measured, and accordingly, the regenerated dialysis water can be predicted, thereby , it is possible to set the concentration degree and required amount of the concentrated dialysate.

Although the technical spirit of the present invention described above has been specifically described in the preferred embodiment, it should be noted that the embodiment is for the description and not the limitation. In addition, those of ordinary skill in the technical field of the present invention will understand that various embodiments are possible within the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the true technical protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical spirit of the appended claims.

1: Wearable artificial kidney device
2: Dialysis water (moisture)
3: hemofiltration dialysis fluid tube
4, 6: Check valve or micropump
5: lung dialysate drain tube
7: Regenerative dialysate supply pipe
8: non-return valve
9: Concentrated dialysate supply pipe
10: dialysis unit
20: dialysate regeneration device
100: dialysate regeneration unit
101: hemofiltration dialysate supply port
103: lung dialysate outlet
105: concentrated dialysate supply port
107: regeneration dialysate outlet
110: forward osmosis regeneration chamber
111: hemofiltration dialysate chamber
113: dialysate supply chamber
120: forward osmosis membrane
130: dialysate detection unit
150: lung dialysate container
200: concentrated dialysate supply unit
210: concentrated dialysate storage unit
211: micro pump
220: concentrated dialysate supply control unit
221: alarm output unit
230: supply valve unit
300: power supply
400: wear part
410: vest-type wearing part
B: blood vessel, f: foulant, M: membrane

Claims (16)

delete delete delete delete delete delete delete a dialysis unit for receiving human blood, filtering waste products of the patient's blood using the dialysis solution, supplying the filtered blood to the human body, and discharging the dialysis solution containing the waste products in the filtered blood as the hemofiltration dialysis solution;
installed on the downstream side of the flow path of the hemofiltration dialysis solution of the dialysis unit to receive the hemofiltration dialysis solution, regenerate dialysis water from the hemofiltration dialysis solution by a forward osmosis process, and mix the supplied concentrated dialysis solution to produce a dialysis solution; A forward osmosis regeneration chamber configured to discharge the lung dialysis solution in which the dialysis water is separated from the hemofiltration dialysis solution, and to supply the dialysis solution in which the dialysis water and the concentrated dialysis solution are mixed with the dialysis unit as blood to be filtered and then re-injected to the patient; and a dialysate regeneration unit including a forward osmosis membrane installed inside the forward osmosis regeneration chamber to filter and regenerate dialysis water from the hemofiltration dialysate in a forward osmosis method;
a concentrated dialysate supply unit having a concentrated dialysate storage unit for storing the concentrated dialysate solution and supplying the concentrated dialysate solution to the forward osmosis regeneration chamber of the dialysate regeneration unit; and
A wearable artificial kidney device comprising: a wearing unit in which the dialysis unit, the dialysis solution regenerating unit, and the concentrated dialysis solution supply unit are installed so as to be hung on a stand or worn by a patient. delete The method of claim 8, wherein the forward osmosis regeneration chamber,
The interior is divided into a hemofiltration dialysate chamber and a dialysate supply chamber by the forward osmosis membrane,
a hemofiltration dialysis fluid supply port installed at the side of the hemofiltration dialysis fluid chamber to receive the hemofiltration dialysis fluid;
a lung dialysis fluid outlet installed at the side of the hemofiltration dialysis fluid chamber to discharge the moisture-filtered pulmonary dialysis fluid;
a concentrated dialysate supply port formed in the dialysate supply chamber to receive the concentrated dialysate; and
The wearable artificial kidney device further comprising a; regenerated dialysis fluid outlet formed in the dialysis fluid supply chamber to supply the dialysis fluid in which the dialysis water and the concentrated dialysis fluid are mixed to the dialysis unit. delete 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the forward osmosis regeneration chamber,
A wearable artificial kidney device, characterized in that it further comprises a; dialysate detection unit for detecting and outputting the amount and concentration of the mixed solution of the dialysis water and concentrated dialysis solution inside the dialysis fluid supply chamber. delete delete The method of claim 8, wherein the concentrated dialysate supply unit,
Concentrated dialysis fluid supply control unit receiving the dialysate detection signal of the dialysis fluid detection unit configured in the forward osmosis regeneration chamber and outputting a supply rate control signal or a supply rate adjustment control alarm of the concentrated dialysis fluid supplied to the forward osmosis regeneration chamber; further including A wearable artificial kidney device comprising: The method of claim 8, wherein the concentrated dialysate supply unit,
A wearable artificial kidney device, characterized in that it further comprises; a supply valve connected to the concentrated dialysate storage unit to control the amount of the concentrated dialysate to be supplied according to the supply amount control signal of the concentrated dialysate.

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