KR102385825B1 - Coal silo fire monitoring and suppression system of thermal power plant - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fire monitoring and suppression system in a coal silo of a thermal power plant. It is installed at a plurality of points in the silo to sense the temperature at each installation point, and when a fire occurs, fire extinguishing liquid is supplied and sprayed to enable initial fire suppression. a thermocouple unit 100 with a fire extinguishing unit formed therein; Measuring the loading amount of coal stored in the silo, measuring the height at which the coal is accommodated from the feeder of the silo, calculating the level value of the coal inside the silo, and transmitting the coal accommodated in the silo according to the level value of the coal calculated by the thermocouple unit a level measuring unit 200 provided to recognize the internal and external positional relationship of a CO detection unit 300 for inhaling and measuring the carbon monoxide concentration from each local point to the expanded point for the temperature measurement of the thermocouple unit; The temperature value of the thermocouple unit 100 and the level measurement unit 200 are compared to determine the level value of the coal accommodated therein to secure the reliability of the measured temperature value, and the CO detection unit 300 measured The main controller 400 is formed with a control unit that monitors and judges whether or not a fire occurs based on the carbon monoxide concentration, and selects and controls either fire suppression by means of extinguishing liquid or by calculating the speed of coal discharge in the silo to suppress the fire in the silo due to coal discharge. ); by measuring the temperature of multiple points inside the silo at the same time to monitor and suppress fires caused by spontaneous ignition that may occur inside the silo, a plurality of thermocouples are placed at a depth or height corresponding to the point. It is possible to monitor fire by combining the thermocouple and the level measuring unit to secure the reliability of the temperature value of the thermocouple and the thermocouple, which can be extinguished at the initial stage by spraying the fire extinguishing liquid that may occur inside the silo by forming the extinguishing unit together. Not only is local fire monitoring possible through comparison control with the level value of coal, but also the accuracy of overall fire monitoring and suppression judgment through fire monitoring from a local location to an expanded location through the measurement of carbon monoxide concentration by the CO measurement unit. It relates to a fire monitoring and suppression system between the coals of a thermal power plant, characterized in that it can be given.

Description

{Coal silo fire monitoring and suppression system of thermal power plant}

The present invention relates to a fire monitoring and suppression system in a coal silo of a thermal power plant, and more particularly, by measuring the temperature inside a silo for storing coal, monitoring a fire due to spontaneous ignition in the coal stored inside the silo, , by securing the reliability of the measured value of the thermocouple, which is formed to enable rapid initial suppression of fires generated inside the silo due to unexpected ignition, through the level according to the amount of coal and the carbon monoxide meter, It is possible to quickly determine whether a fire is extinguished according to the discharge of It relates to the suppression system.

In general, coal is used as an operating raw material for generating electricity in thermal power plants, and since a significant amount of coal is consumed in the operation process, continuous supply through storage of raw materials is required for continuity of operation for electricity production. Therefore, fossil fuels such as coal are stored in yards, closed storage, or separate silos.

Normally, the coal silo is a storage part in the final stage for supplying fuel in operation for thermal power generation, and is formed of a cylindrical storage part and a hopper-type discharge part so that the coal required for operation can be quickly discharged as needed. do. This type of silo storage is used for storing grains or various powders in addition to the part for storing coal of thermal power generation, and in particular, in the case of coal silo, a large amount of coal for thermal power generation can be stored and discharged. Because it has to have a function, it is being manufactured on a fairly large scale.

However, coal is a combustible material, and when its constituent molecules adsorb oxygen in the air, an exothermic oxidation reaction occurs in a part of the locally stored coal. If oxygen is continuously supplied along with an increase in the internal temperature of the coal stored in the silo, the exothermic oxidation reaction is gradually accelerated, and there is a high possibility of exposure to the risk of fire due to spontaneous combustion inside the silo.

Since the causes and influencing factors of such spontaneous ignition are very complex, it is not easy to prevent them in advance. It may cause equipment loss, and above all, may cause problems in the continuity of operation for thermal power generation.

In addition, since coal is a porous material, it has a high adsorption amount of oxygen per unit weight, which is advantageous for oxidation reactions, but has a characteristic that it is difficult to release heat once heat is generated due to low thermal conductivity. If not released, it can also cause a gas explosion. That is, spontaneous combustion in the silo where coal is stored may induce dust explosion, so fire monitoring inside the silo by spontaneous ignition is the most important part.

In order to prevent spontaneous ignition through fire monitoring, Spontaneous Ignition Temperature (SIT) is the most widely used characteristic value for estimating the possibility of spontaneous ignition, which is the lowest temperature that can cause spontaneous ignition.

Here, the autoignition temperature is not a material coefficient, it can be determined by experimentation, and is affected by various factors. In detail, the spontaneous ignition temperature is the shape or size of the storage file (surface area to volume, height, compression degree, etc.), the type and quality of coal (carbon content, volatile matter, carbonization period, etc.), and the physical and chemical properties of the coal (chemical composition). , calorific value, thermal conductivity, particle distribution, moisture content, packing density, etc.), air flow, climatic conditions (humidity, temperature, etc.), storage period, etc. Silver ignites at a high temperature of about 600°C, but when it is deposited and piled up, it spontaneously ignites at a low temperature of about 200°C.

In addition, even in the case of accumulated dust, there is a characteristic that the ignition temperature is rapidly lowered as the deposited layer of dust is thicker. That is, the spontaneous ignition temperature changes according to the amount (height) of the coal stored in the coal silo, and there is a high possibility that the spontaneous ignition occurs due to the frictional pressure between the coals stored in the silo.

Among these coals, anthracite has little chance of spontaneous combustion, bituminous coal has a high probability of spontaneous ignition during long-term storage, and bituminous coal is most likely to spontaneously ignite. Therefore, the loading height of coal is not limited in the case of low volatile matter coal, and in the case of volatile coal (15-40%), the maximum loading height is 8 m. When the temperature of the loaded coal increases by 10℃, the oxidation reactivity is doubled and the reaction rate rises by more than 50%, so caution is required in summer.

Spontaneous ignition as described above mostly occurs in a closed storage yard stored in the form of a coal pile rather than in a silo, but caution is required because it does not occur in the silo. In other words, the coal stored in the silo has a possibility of spontaneous ignition even under the above conditions, but there is a risk of spontaneous ignition due to the temperature increase due to friction in the process of discharging through the hopper under the silo, and the inside of the closed silo due to the seasonal increase in ambient temperature The risk of spontaneous ignition due to the increase in temperature is emerging as a bigger problem. Therefore, in order to prevent spontaneous combustion in the coal silo in advance, it is necessary to continuously monitor the temperature inside the coal silo instead of being able to observe it through an additional device such as an infrared camera such as a yard or a storage shed.

According to the height of the silo, a temperature measuring device with a number of thermocouples is installed inside the silo, and the temperature inside the silo corresponding to each point of the installed thermocouple is detected. It is used to prevent fires caused by spontaneous ignition.

However, since the thermocouples for temperature measurement as described above are installed in a silo and are installed as a single unit depending on the depth or height to measure the temperature, the thermocouple for measuring any one temperature in the entire unit is When a measurement error occurs due to damage or malfunction, there is a cumbersome problem that the whole must be replaced or repaired through inspection after the whole is lifted from the silo for partial repair. The exposed vulnerabilities and repair or replacement process take a considerable amount of time, and there are difficulties in maintenance due to the necessity and cost of skilled manpower.

Moreover, since the thermocouple for monitoring the fire by measuring the temperature inside the conventional silo simply performs the role of measuring only the temperature, the fact that there is no other way to suppress it after spontaneous ignition has already progressed is approaching more problematic. , when a fire occurs, the coal inside the silo must be expelled quickly to extinguish the fire, resulting in loss of raw materials and damage to the silo equipment. Accordingly, there is a problem in that additional equipment costs are generated as a separate fire extinguishing facility or fire extinguishing device must be provided for extinguishing a fire.

In addition, as mentioned briefly above, when a fire occurs, a fire occurs inside the stored coal due to the nature of the silo, and there is a problem that rapid fire suppression is difficult because it is difficult to extinguish the fire. There is a need for a configuration in which fire suppression can be performed simultaneously.

In line with this situation, the applicant's Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1764151, a thermocouple replacement type was achieved through a unit for fire monitoring and suppression, and is currently being disclosed. The registered patent of the present applicant constitutes a slot tube such that a plurality of thermocouples are inserted and coupled along the circumference of a wire rope to measure the temperature inside the silo, and after disposing the extinguishing solution tube between the slot tubes, the slot tube is used as a fixed tube. It is configured to be inserted and coupled to the housing tube after being wrapped and fixed with a fixing tube so that the and extinguishing fluid tube is bundled together. The housing tube, which is located inside the coal stored in the silo, measures the temperature of a number of points on a vertical line inside the coal as it is combined. it is composed

However, the thermocouple replacement type unit for fire monitoring and suppression has the following problems. First, there is a problem that the end of the slot tube deviates from the part to be located inside the housing tube due to the slip property between the slot tubes during insertion into the coal in the silo or during the insertion process or after insertion, and this causes the A problem arises that the thermocouple cannot detect the temperature value of a specific location inside the coal to be measured. In addition, in addition to the slip property of the slot tube, the position of the thermocouple is changed due to the slip of the extinguishing liquid tube for fire suppression or the slip of the fixed tube in the housing tube. The problem of selecting the correct position of the suppression position arises.

In addition, when the coal contained in the silo is to be discharged to the place of use for the second time, when the coal starts to be discharged to the lower side of the silo, it is configured as the outermost of the unit for fire monitoring and suppression between the thermocouple replacement type and is in direct contact with the coal. A strong tensile force is generated along with the coal discharge to the housing tube, and accordingly, the housing tube is peeled off from the entire unit and there is a problem in that the position is changed.

That is, when the coal is discharged from the inside of the silo to the lower side, the unit for fire monitoring and suppression between the thermocouple replacement type in the inside of the coal tries to maintain it in place through the ring formed at the top of the wire rope, and the coal around the entire unit Due to the action of moving downward according to the downward discharge through the silver, a downward tensile force is generated in the housing tube that constitutes the outermost according to the discharge flow rate according to the discharge of coal. There is a limit to withstanding the downward tensile force caused by coal discharge only by coupling, and when the limit is exceeded, the housing tube may be separated from the entire unit or changed in position. In addition, when the coupling force between the housing tube and the fixed tube is strong and the coupling with the slot tube is weak, the housing tube and the fixed tube are simultaneously separated or the position is changed due to the generation of downward tensile force due to the coal discharge, so that the remaining components of the slot tube, etc. There was a problem in that an error in the measurement value was generated by exposure to the inside of the coal.

Furthermore, the third thermocouple is to measure only the temperature, in fact, it is located inside the silo in which the coal is accommodated, so it is impossible to visually confirm it. Therefore, it is not possible to know whether the thermocouple operates normally only with the temperature measurement value or whether the correct temperature is measured at the desired location due to the change in position due to the downward tensile force due to coal discharge. There is a problem in that it is difficult to accurately monitor the fire inside the silo only with the measured temperature.

For example, even if the temperature value measured by a thermocouple at a specific location is continuously rising, a fire does not actually occur. It causes economic and manpower wastage due to the need to re-maintenance, and there is a problem of wasting costs due to the input of unnecessary manpower and equipment for the confirmation process of fire suppression for the confirmation of the remaining embers.

Therefore, by securing the reliability of temperature measurement by thermocouples, through correct judgment according to fire monitoring and suppression, economical advantages, simplicity of maintenance, and overcoming the limitations of local monitoring of fire monitoring according to temperature measurement, fire monitoring of the entire silo and the accuracy of suppression is required.

1. Republic of Korea Public Utility Model No. 20-2009-0008771, published on September 1, 2009. 2. Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1764151, registration date July 27, 2017.

Therefore, the present invention was created to solve the above-described problems, and by simultaneously measuring the temperature of a plurality of points inside the silo, it is possible to monitor and suppress fires caused by spontaneous ignition that may occur inside the silo. It is possible to monitor the fire by combining the thermocouples of the thermocouple at a depth or height corresponding to the point, and by forming a fire extinguishing unit together, a fire that may occur inside the silo is sprayed with an extinguishing liquid to initially extinguish the fire. In order to secure the reliability of the temperature value, local fire monitoring is possible through comparison control with the level value of the coal inside the silo by the level measuring unit, and it is also expanded from the local location through the carbon monoxide concentration measurement by the CO measuring unit. The purpose of this is to provide a fire monitoring and suppression system between coals of thermal power plants that can provide the accuracy of judgment of fire monitoring and suppression of the entire silo through fire monitoring at the designated location.

In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to conveniently determine whether or not to extinguish the fire by the extinguishing liquid or by the discharge of the coal contained in the silo through comparison with the reference value according to the level value of the fire point according to the fire monitoring, thereby reducing cost and wasting manpower. Another object of the present invention is to provide a fire monitoring and suppression system between the coals of a thermal power plant that can quickly respond to fire suppression.

Furthermore, the present invention forms a thermocouple unit capable of fire monitoring and suppression in a replaceable type to minimize the gap in the fire monitoring through quick maintenance, thereby minimizing the risk of fire due to the gap in the fire monitoring coal of a thermal power plant. It aims to provide a silo fire monitoring and suppression system.

In order to achieve this object, a fire monitoring and suppression system in a coal silo of a thermal power plant according to the present invention is installed at a plurality of points in the silo to sense the temperature at each installation point, and in case of a fire, the fire extinguishing liquid is supplied and sprayed. a thermocouple unit 100 in which a fire extinguishing unit is formed to enable initial fire suppression; Measuring the loading amount of coal stored in the silo, measuring the height at which the coal is accommodated from the feeder of the silo, calculating the level value of the coal inside the silo, and transmitting the coal accommodated in the silo according to the level value of the coal calculated by the thermocouple unit a level measuring unit 200 provided to recognize the internal and external positional relationship of a CO detection unit 300 for inhaling and measuring the carbon monoxide concentration from each local point to the expanded point for the temperature measurement of the thermocouple unit; The temperature value of the thermocouple unit 100 and the level measurement unit 200 are compared to determine the level value of the coal accommodated therein to secure the reliability of the measured temperature value, and the CO detection unit 300 measured The main controller 400 is formed with a control unit that monitors and judges whether or not a fire occurs based on the carbon monoxide concentration, and selects and controls either fire suppression by extinguishing liquid or by calculating the rate of coal discharge inside the silo to suppress the fire inside the silo by coal discharge. ); characterized in that it is formed.

Here, the expanded point at which carbon monoxide of the CO detection unit 300 is sucked and measured is from the temperature measurement range of the thermocouple unit to the center or the entire range, and the average value of the carbon monoxide concentration measured by each CO detection unit is 300ppm or more It is characterized in that it is judged on the basis of non-occurrence of fire when is less than.

On the other hand, the main controller 400 includes a reference value storage unit 410 in which the reference level value of the thermocouple at each point and the reference concentration value of carbon monoxide are stored; The temperature value transmitted from the thermocouple 100 at each point inside the silo and the coal level value of the level measurement unit 200 are compared with the reference level value of the thermocouple stored in the reference value storage unit of the temperature value transmitted from the thermocouple. A first determination unit 420 for determining the reliability of the temperature value inside the silo to determine whether a local fire occurs or whether to replace the thermocouple 100 with a malfunction or damage check and replacement; A CO concentration calculating unit 430 that receives the carbon monoxide concentration value detected by inhalation at the enlarged point except for the local value, which is the temperature value detection position of the thermocouple 100 through the CO detection unit 300 at each point, and calculates the average value. ; By comparing the average concentration value of carbon monoxide calculated through the CO concentration calculating unit 430 and the reference concentration value according to the presence or absence of a fire stored in the reference value storage unit, it is determined whether or not fire monitoring has occurred, and the concentration value and the reference value detected at each point a second determination unit 440 that compares the concentration values to determine whether a fire occurs at a point greater than or equal to a reference concentration value; The determination of the presence or absence of fire at the local location according to the temperature value and the level value detected through the first determination unit 420 and the local measurement position of each point of the thermocouple by the CO concentration value of the second determination unit 440 Monitoring and judging whether or not a fire has occurred in half or all of the silo out of the silo, and when it is judged that a fire has occurred, the rate of coal discharge is calculated while the coal supply inside the silo is stopped a control unit 460 for controlling the fire suppression to be performed at any one of the most advantageous fire suppression times during fire suppression; The measured temperature value of the thermocouple 100 inside the silo, the level value by the level measurement unit 200, and the value transmitted through the CO detection unit 300 are displayed in real time, and fire monitoring and It is characterized in that it is formed as: a display unit 470 for guiding the driver of the suppression and monitoring of the fire occurrence of the control unit 460 and the situation according to the suppression.

Here, the reference emission level value is stored in the reference value storage unit 410 of the main controller 400 as a level value at which the discharge time of coal from the silo feeder can be made faster than the fire suppression by the extinguishing liquid; Receive the level value of the coal received from the feeder inside the silo through the level measurement unit 200 and compare it with the reference emission level value of the coal stored in the reference value storage unit 410. When a fire occurs below the reference emission level value, coal A third determination unit (450) that limits the supply of and rapidly discharges coal from the silo to extinguish the fire, and determines that the fire is initially extinguished through the fire extinguishing liquid for the thermocouple fire suppression above the reference emission level value; It is characterized in that it is formed.

On the other hand, the reference emission level value is 1/2 to 1/3 of the total emission time obtained by subtracting 60 minutes from the value obtained by multiplying the value obtained by dividing the amount of coal accommodated in the silo by the emission capacity of the feeder by 60 It is characterized in that the level value corresponding to is set as the reference emission level value, and the reference emission level value can be changed from 1/4 to 1/5 according to the rate of expansion of the fire.

The present invention combines a plurality of thermocouples at a depth or height corresponding to the point to monitor and suppress a fire caused by spontaneous ignition that may occur inside the silo by simultaneously measuring the temperature of a plurality of points inside the silo. It is possible to monitor and form a fire extinguishing unit together, so that the fire that can be generated inside the silo can be suppressed in the initial stage by spraying the extinguishing liquid. Local fire monitoring is possible through comparison control with the coal level value, as well as overall fire monitoring and suppression accuracy through fire monitoring from a local location to an expanded location through the measurement of carbon monoxide concentration by the CO measurement unit. There are advantages to doing.

In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to conveniently determine whether or not to extinguish the fire by the extinguishing liquid or by the discharge of the coal contained in the silo through comparison with the reference value according to the level value of the fire point according to the fire monitoring, thereby reducing cost and wasting manpower. , it is effective to respond quickly to fire suppression, and the thermocouple unit capable of fire monitoring and suppression is formed in a replaceable type to minimize the gap in fire monitoring through quick maintenance to minimize the risk of fire due to the gap in fire monitoring There are advantages to doing.

1 is an overall schematic diagram of a fire monitoring and suppression system between coals of a thermal power plant according to the present invention.
2 is a block diagram of a main controller of a fire monitoring and suppression system between coals of a thermal power plant according to the present invention.
3 is a flowchart of a fire monitoring and suppression system between coals of a thermal power plant according to the present invention.
4 is a block diagram illustrating another embodiment of a fire monitoring and suppression system between coals of a thermal power plant according to the present invention.
5 is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of a fire monitoring and suppression system between coals of a thermal power plant according to the present invention.

Advantages and features of the present invention, and methods for achieving them, will become apparent with reference to the embodiments described below in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but will be implemented in a number of different forms.

In the present specification, the present embodiment is provided so that the disclosure of the present invention is complete, and to completely inform those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, the scope of the invention. And the invention is only defined by the scope of the claims. Accordingly, in some embodiments, well-known components, well-known operations, and well-known techniques have not been specifically described in order to avoid obscuring the present invention.

Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. In addition, the terms used (mentioned) herein are for the purpose of describing the embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. In this specification, the singular also includes the plural unless specifically stated otherwise in the phrase. In addition, elements and operations referred to as 'include (or include)' do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements and operations.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein may be used with the meaning commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. In addition, terms defined in a commonly used dictionary are not ideally or excessively interpreted unless they are defined.

Hereinafter, technical features according to an embodiment of a fire monitoring and suppression system between coals of a thermal power plant according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is an overall system diagram of a fire monitoring and suppression system between coals of a thermal power plant according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a main controller of a fire monitoring and suppression system between coals of a thermal power plant according to the present invention, and FIG. It is a flowchart of a fire monitoring and suppression system between coals of a thermal power plant according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of a fire monitoring and suppression system between coals of a thermal power plant according to the present invention.

The fire monitoring and suppression system among the coals of the thermal power plant according to the present invention secures the reliability of the temperature measurement value by the existing thermocouple, and can check the replacement time due to malfunction or damage of the thermocouple, and More efficient fire monitoring is possible by monitoring the limits of thermocouples, which were limited to local fire monitoring with minimization, with the overall fire monitoring of the silo through the measurement of the carbon monoxide concentration inside the silo.

In addition, it is easy to judge a more reasonable fire suppression through the correlation with the discharge time according to the opening of the silo feeder with respect to the fire suppression using the extinguishing liquid or the coal capacity of the silo according to the location of the fire. It is possible to suppress the fire more economically by minimizing the hassle of tasks such as inspection of the inside of the silo and the procedure for checking the remaining balance due to the input of manpower.

As shown in FIG. 1, the fire monitoring and suppression system between the coals of the thermal power plant according to the present invention for achieving this is a thermocouple unit 100, a level measurement unit 200, a CO detection unit 300, a main controller ( 400) can be achieved.

The thermocouple unit 100 is to measure the local temperature of the coal accommodated inside the silo. In order to overcome this limitation, it is preferable to arrange a plurality of positions in the position to be measured by arranging them at equal intervals up, down, left and right throughout the silo. Do. A plurality of the thermocouple units 100 are installed at a plurality of points within the silo to sense the temperature at each installation point, and when a fire occurs, a fire extinguishing unit is formed so that the fire extinguishing liquid is supplied and sprayed to enable initial fire suppression. In addition, the thermocouple unit 100 is formed in a replaceable type so that when the reliability of the temperature value is lost due to malfunction or damage of the thermocouple, the replacement type is preferable so that it can be easily replaced.

In addition, in the measurement of the temperature inside the silo measured by the thermocouple unit 100, the accuracy is excellent under the assumption that it operates normally at the normal position, but the coal accommodated in the silo is discharged continuously through the feeder. During the process, the coal remaining inside the silo does not always cover the thermocouple, and when the coal is discharged, the thermocouple itself is located above the coal accommodated in the silo, causing a problem in measuring the temperature of the air inside the silo. This leads to an error in temperature measurement to monitor whether or not a fire has occurred inside the coal.

Therefore, by measuring the level value of the coal loaded inside the silo by a level measuring unit to be described later, whether the temperature value measured from the thermocouple is the temperature inside the silo is the actual temperature value for fire monitoring inside the coal stacked inside the silo It is determined whether the reliability of the temperature value of the thermocouple 100 can be confirmed with respect to the recognition. For example, while the temperature value detected by the thermocouple at a specific location is continuously rising, the level value of the thermocouple at the specific location measured by the level measurement unit is located exactly at the location of the thermocouple, and the level value of coal is Assuming that the thermocouple is filled around the thermocouple, the reliability of the temperature value detected from the thermocouple is secured, but if there is no coal around the thermocouple, the measured value obtained from the thermocouple corresponds to the temperature in the silo, not the temperature inside the coal. Since the reliability of the temperature value of the thermocouple is lost, coal is supplied to increase the level inside the silo, or the temperature value of the thermocouple whose reliability has been lost is excluded from the control calculation for fire monitoring. The reliability of fire monitoring must be ensured. In addition, in the case of damage or malfunction of the thermocouple, it is desirable to correct it by replacing it.

Here, the temperature value measured by the thermocouple unit 100 is transmitted to the first determination unit 420 of the main controller 400 to be described later, and the initial thermocouple level value and level measurement stored in the reference value storage unit 410 . Calculate the error range comparing the level value of the accommodation height of the coal inside the silo measured by the department, or set the limit value for the reliability of the temperature value. After that, it is made to act as one of the judgment criteria for fire suppression through the fire extinguishing liquid injection or coal discharge through the control unit.

As mentioned above, the level measurement unit 200 measures the accommodated height of the coal inside the silo, and measures the weight by a load cell on the lower side of the silo to calculate the accommodation height of the coal accommodated in the silo. The level value of the coal inside the silo is measured by selecting one of the methods of measuring the level value of coal through the laser at the top. That is, whether the thermocouple unit is located inside the coal raw material and measured by the measured coal level value or whether the temperature value inside the silo is measured by being located above the coal level value is determined through the coal level value By doing so, it is possible to confirm the reliability of the temperature value transmitted from the thermocouple. Here, the level value detected by the level measurement unit 200 is transmitted to the first determination unit 420 and the third determination unit 450 to be described later.

The CO detection unit 300 is to overcome the limitation of local fire monitoring through temperature measurement of the inside of the silo by the thermocouple, and a suction pipe is formed inside the covering of the thermocouple to enable monitoring of the entire inside of the silo will be. Here, as mentioned above, the CO detection unit 300 absorbs and measures the carbon monoxide concentration from each local point to the expanded point for the temperature measurement of the thermocouple and transmits it to the CO concentration calculating unit 430 .

Here, carbon monoxide is lighter than general air due to incomplete combustion and is concentrated upwards through the air. That is, as the concentration of carbon monoxide on the upper side of the silo increases, it can be indirectly inferred that the point where the fire occurred inside the coal is indirectly inferred. is confirmed to be occurring.

Therefore, if the carbon monoxide concentration of the entire silo is known, the occurrence of a fire can be detected and effective fire suppression is possible. Accordingly, the CO detector 300 of the present invention inhales carbon monoxide at a position corresponding to each point in a state mounted inside the thermocouple, and obtains the concentration of carbon monoxide inhaled at each point as an average concentration value of the reference carbon monoxide concentration value. It is possible to monitor the entire silo by determining whether or not a fire occurs according to whether or not the standard of 300 ppm is exceeded. However, since the fire monitoring inside the silo by measuring the concentration of carbon monoxide is limited in clearly confirming the specific location where the fire occurs, it is possible to quickly and effectively monitor and It is configured to enable suppression.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , the main controller 400 is configured outside the silo and transmits the measured values from the thermocouple 100 , the level measurement unit 200 , and the CO detection unit 300 . To determine whether to monitor and suppress fire in comparison with the reference value, the level value of the thermocouple through the temperature value of the thermocouple 100 and the measured value of the coal level value of the level measurement unit 200 is compared and determined. The reliability of the temperature value is ensured, the presence or absence of a fire is monitored and judged through the carbon monoxide concentration measured through the CO detection unit 300, and the fire suppression by the extinguishing liquid or the coal discharge rate inside the silo is calculated and the silo caused by coal discharge. A control unit that selects and controls any one of the internal fire suppression is formed. Here, the data detected through the thermocouple, the level measurement unit, and the CO detection unit transmitted to the control unit is transmitted to the main controller by wire or wireless.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the main controller 400 includes a reference value storage unit 410 including a control unit 460 , a first determination unit 420 , a CO concentration calculation unit 430 , and a second determination unit ( 440). In such a configuration, a third determination unit 450 may be additionally configured to determine fire suppression according to the discharge rate of the coal accommodated in the silo.

The reference value storage unit 410 stores the reference level value of the thermocouple at each point and the reference concentration value of carbon monoxide. In addition, the reference emission level value is stored as a level value at which the discharge time of coal from the silo feeder can be made faster than the fire suppression by the extinguishing liquid. Here, the position of the thermocouple of the reference value storage unit 410 is determined by setting the coordinate position of the thermocouple as a level value at the time of initial installation or set through the installation standard coordinates, and the CO detection unit 300 is measured by inhaling carbon monoxide. The expanded point is the entire range from the temperature measurement range of the thermocouple to the inner periphery of the silo, and in order to compare with the average value of the measured carbon monoxide concentration of each CO detector, a fire occurs when it is more than 300ppm, and no fire occurs when it is less than 300ppm. It is stored as a standard so that it can be judged.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the first determination unit 420 confirms the reliability of the temperature value based on the temperature value of the thermocouple and the level measurement value of the coal (raw material) accommodated in the silo. As a control check as a criterion for determining whether to monitor fire or replacing a thermocouple, the temperature value transmitted from the thermocouple 100 at each point inside the silo and the coal stored in the silo of the level measuring unit 200 By comparing the level value of (raw material) with the reference level value of the thermocouple stored in the reference value storage unit, the reliability of the temperature value transmitted from the thermocouple is determined to determine the presence or absence of a local fire occurrence for the temperature value inside the silo, or the thermocouple (100) to determine whether malfunction or damage and replacement. That is, is it a temperature value in a state in which the thermocouple is normally located inside the coal (raw material), or is it a temperature value in a state where the thermocouple is located outside the coal inside the silo by the level value changed by the discharge of coal? , the first determination unit determines the local fire monitoring by securing the reliability of the temperature value.

The CO concentration calculating unit 430 is the carbon monoxide concentration value detected by inhalation at the expanded point except for the local value where the reliability of the temperature value is the temperature value detection position of the thermocouple 100 through the CO detection unit 300 at each point. Receive and calculate the average value. Here, in general, the carbon monoxide concentration value is lighter than air due to incomplete combustion due to the characteristic of carbon monoxide, and the concentration increases toward the upper side. Therefore, if the concentration of carbon monoxide measured from the upper side is higher than the concentration of carbon monoxide measured from the upper side even though the location for detecting and inhaling carbon monoxide is located in the middle or lower side, pay attention even if it does not exceed the standard value of 300 ppm for fire occurrence. .

The second determination unit 440 compares the average concentration value of carbon monoxide calculated through the above-described CO concentration calculating unit 430 with the reference concentration value according to the presence or absence of a fire stored in the reference value storage unit to determine whether fire monitoring is present, and , by comparing the concentration value detected at each point with the reference concentration value, and when it exceeds the reference concentration value, it proves that incomplete combustion is occurring in the coal accommodated inside the silo. do. In addition, as mentioned above, if the concentration of carbon monoxide is detected at a concentration higher than the concentration of the upper side in the middle or lower side of the silo than the concentration of carbon monoxide measured at the upper side of the inside of the silo, it is determined that a fire may also occur. Check whether or not there is a fire, check the location of the fire, and quickly extinguish the fire.

The control unit 460 determines the presence or absence of fire at the local location according to the temperature value and the level value detected through the first determination unit 420 and the angle of the thermocouple by the CO concentration value of the second determination unit 440 Monitoring and judging whether or not a fire has occurred in half or all of the locations out of the local measurement location of the point. It is calculated and controlled so that fire suppression is carried out in one of the most advantageous time for fire suppression time among fire suppression caused by coal emission.

The display unit 470 displays the measured temperature value of the thermocouple 100 inside the silo, the level value by the level measurement unit 200, and the value transmitted through the CO detection unit 300 in real time, and the displayed real time Fire monitoring and suppression of the measured values, and the control unit 460 guides the driver of the situation according to the monitoring and suppression of the fire.

Here, when caution or urgency is required in the guidance situation, the emergency state can be called to the relevant government office and user through the Internet or wired or wireless network, and warning text and warning sound can be displayed to nearby citizens through the national safety net. there is.

On the other hand, as shown in Figs. 1, 4 and 5, the discharge time of coal from the feeder between the reference values in the reference value storage unit 410 of the main controller 400 can be made faster than the fire suppression by the extinguishing liquid. The reference emission level value is stored as the level value, and the level value of the coal received from the feeder inside the silo is transmitted through the level measurement unit 200 and the reference emission level value of the coal stored in the reference value storage unit 410 and In comparison, when a fire occurs below the standard emission level value, the supply of coal is limited and the coal is quickly discharged from the silo to extinguish the fire. It is also preferable that the third determination part 450 is further formed.

That is, in the absence of the third judging unit 450, the control unit 460 calculates the time obtained by comparing the discharge rate with the amount of coal inside the silo to determine that coal discharge from the inside of the silo is more advantageous than extinguishing the fire. In this case, the control unit determines this and selects either extinguishing liquid or coal discharge, but when the configuration of the third determination unit 450 is formed, the determination is made faster as it becomes a reference point for extinguishing liquid or coal emission according to the reference emission level value. It can be a standard that can suppress the suppression more quickly.

That is, the reference emission level value is 1/2 to 1/3 of the total emission time obtained by subtracting 60 minutes from the value obtained by multiplying the value obtained by dividing the amount of coal accommodated in the silo by the emission capacity of the feeder by 60 The level value corresponding to is set as the reference emission level value, and the reference emission level value can be changed from 1/4 to 1/5 depending on the speed and direction of expansion of the fire.

The fire monitoring and suppression system between the coals of the thermal power plant of the present invention according to the above configuration will be described with reference to the following embodiment.

As an example, the coal capacity of the silo is up to 850 tonnes, and the coal discharge capacity from the silo feeder is 150 tonnes per hour. Here, a total of 7 sensors of the thermocouple equipped with the CO detection unit and the level measuring unit are installed from the bottom to the top of the silo, and the initial level value of each sensor is transmitted to the reference value storage unit to become the level value of the initial thermocouple. , 300ppm of the carbon monoxide concentration standard of the presence or absence of a fire is set as the reference carbon monoxide concentration value, and the accommodation height between the coals by the level measurement unit is transmitted to the first determination unit, the second determination unit, and the control unit.

As shown in FIG. 3 with the setting of such an initial reference value, the thermocouple transmits the temperature value in real time, the level measurement unit transmits the level value of coal, and the CO detection unit inhales carbon monoxide in the silo to calculate the average concentration value. send. In the absence of fire occurrence of the above temperature value, coal level value, and carbon monoxide concentration value, if there is no special issue, fire monitoring and detection is performed while continuously performing detection without special measures.

Thereafter, the temperature is continuously increased in the thermocouple at a specific position, and a value in which the temperature value is continuously increased is transmitted to the first determination unit of the main controller. At this time, the first determination unit receives and compares the level value according to the amount of coal (raw material) stored in the silo transmitted together with the rising temperature value.

Here, as a result of the comparison, the temperature of the thermocouple continues to rise, and the level value according to the amount of coal is compared with the level value of the thermocouple in the reference value storage unit, and the level of the coal accommodated in the silo is the temperature inside the coal in the state that the thermocouple is covered. If the measurement result is normal, if the temperature value of the thermocouple continues to rise despite it being normal, it transmits to the control unit that a current fire is detected around the thermocouple at a specific location, and the control unit implements fire suppression. However, although the temperature of the thermocouple continues to rise, the level value according to the amount of coal (raw material) inside the silo transmitted from the level measurement unit is lower than the thermocouple level when compared with the thermocouple level value stored in the reference value storage unit If the resultant coal level value is detected, the thermocouple is in a state in which it cannot measure the temperature inside the coal accommodated in the silo. to minimize In addition, if there is no malfunction, damage or breakage of the thermocouple, the amount of coal remains inside the silo less than the standard. make it possible

Thereafter, in fire suppression, the control unit determines whether fire suppression through coal discharge is advantageous in consideration of whether to extinguish the fire by spraying fire extinguishing liquid and the coal discharge time to the area where the fire is detected inside the silo, and selects and suppresses the fire.

Here, in the selective fire suppression of the control unit, the standard is between the temperature value of the thermocouple at each point, the coal level value of the level measurement unit, and the carbon monoxide concentration value of the CO detection unit. In the time calculation, the selection is made based on the standard judged to be faster than the spread speed and the direction of the fire. Also, if the standard emission level value is set between the silos and is smaller than the standard emission level value, fire suppression through coal discharge is performed. Choose firefighting.

On the other hand, as mentioned above, although the temperature of the thermocouple continues to rise as a result of the comparison, the level value according to the amount of coal in the vicinity is below normal, and the thermocouple itself is not buried in the coal, but in the inner space of the silo according to the coal emission. If it is in the exposed state, a problem such as malfunction or damage of the thermocouple at a specific location has occurred, and it is quickly replaced to minimize the gap in fire monitoring. to reach the normal range.

Therefore, the reliability of the temperature value measured by the thermocouple is ensured through the level value for the amount of coal in the silo by the level measuring unit, so that a more accurate detection of the fire inside the silo is possible.

In addition, the carbon monoxide detected through the CO detection unit is transmitted to the CO concentration calculating unit, and the average value of the carbon monoxide concentration obtained by dividing the concentration of carbon monoxide detected at each point by the overall average through the CO concentration calculating unit 430 The second determination unit 440 ) in comparison with the carbon monoxide concentration of 300 ppm concentration pre-stored in the reference value storage unit 410 is determined. Here, if the average carbon monoxide concentration is higher than the reference concentration value of 300 ppm, it means that a fire has occurred somewhere inside the silo. As a result, the carbon monoxide concentration increases due to the occurrence of a fire, and by detecting this, the occurrence of a fire can be detected. In addition, even if the average value of the concentration of carbon monoxide does not exceed 300 ppm, if the concentration of carbon monoxide in a specific area increases rapidly, this also means that incomplete combustion of the coal accommodated in the silo is occurring, taking into account the changed part of the temperature value transmitted from the thermocouple. Therefore, the control unit takes follow-up measures by detecting the fire.

Therefore, if a carbon monoxide concentration exceeding the reference concentration of 300 ppm is detected, it is determined that a fire has occurred, and the individual carbon monoxide concentration detected by each CO detector is traced back and compared with the temperature value measured by the thermocouple to the point of fire occurrence. will be estimated That is, in the case of the above-mentioned thermocouple, the location of the fire monitoring area is precise because only the local temperature is detected. Although there are advantages, it is somewhat difficult to confirm the exact location of the fire. Therefore, it is possible to expand the fire monitoring area while improving the precision of fire monitoring by applying both.

In addition, since it is difficult to extinguish a fire that occurs inside the coal in the silo only by fire monitoring, the thermocouple is equipped with a fire extinguishing unit as in the present invention. can

Therefore, it is possible to reduce the burden on follow-up work by selecting and judging the part that can be quickly extinguished between fire suppression through the injection of extinguishing liquid and fire suppression through coal discharge, and it is more economical and allows continuous consumption of raw materials without stopping operation. supply will be possible.

To this end, in the present invention, as described above, when the fire monitoring is confirmed through the thermocouple, the level measurement unit, and the CO detection unit, the location of the fire is identified. With the fire location identified, the discharge time is calculated in the control unit based on the amount of raw material of coal measured at each part of the silo of the thermocouple and the discharge capacity discharged from the silo feeder. When the discharge time is calculated, if the discharge at the point of fire is favorable in preparation for the rate of fire spread, the fire is extinguished by discharging it, thereby eliminating the need for maintenance according to the fire extinguishing solution in the silo, allowing continuous input of coal. .

As shown in the previous example, a total of 7 thermocouples equipped with a level measurement unit and a CO detection unit were placed for each silo position, and the discharge time when the discharge capacity from the silo feeder was applied as a timed 150 tons [ It will be described together with Table 1].

silo
discharge time A
discharge time B
discharge time C
discharge time D
discharge time E
discharge time F
discharge time G
discharge time W 844.93 650.55 562.19 472.83 385.47 297.12 208.76 132.18 discharge capacity 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 150.00 Calculation 5.63 4.34 3.75 3.16 2.57 1.98 1.39 0.88 time 5.00 4.00 3.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 minute 37.00 20.00 44.00 9.00 34.00 58.00 23.00 52.00 candle 58.00 13.00 52.00 31.00 11.00 50.00 30.00 52.00

As shown in [Table 1], thermocouples A to G were configured for each upper and lower position in the silo, and the amount according to the level value of coal was calculated and displayed. As described above, the discharge capacity through the feeder was fixed at 150 ton/hr, and when the discharge time is calculated accordingly, the amount of coal measured by each thermocouple/discharge capacity = calculated value is calculated, calculated value × 60 minutes 1 hour is subtracted by 60 minutes from the calculated value again to obtain the time, and the remaining time is expressed in minutes and seconds.

Accordingly, as shown in [Table 1], if only the discharge rate is considered, it can be confirmed that if a fire occurs in the G part, it is possible to extinguish the fire immediately by discharging it immediately. On the other hand, when a fire occurs in part A, it takes more than 4 hours to discharge, so it is advantageous to extinguish the fire by quickly spraying the extinguishing liquid in consideration of the spread and direction of the fire.

However, since parts A and G are actually sharply divided, it can be easily determined, but sections C, D, and E, which are not sections, are not easy to judge. In this difficult section, if possible, the suppression through discharge is prioritized rather than suppressed by spraying fire extinguishing liquid. The reason is that the combustion of coal (raw material) is difficult due to excessive spraying of the extinguishing liquid, and the problem of internal maintenance may occur due to the fire extinguishing liquid, which may result in operation stop and waste of manpower, time and money. .

However, it is not easy to determine the sections C, D, and E, so if you insist on extinguishing the fire by simply discharging coal, for example, if a fire occurs at point C, it takes 3 hours to discharge the coal for extinguishing the fire. However, since the fire is not limited to the point where the fire simply occurs, the rate and direction of diffusion must be considered due to the nature of the fire spreading while burning raw materials. Moreover, since fire in a closed silo has no directionality and has no choice but to have directionality according to the characteristics of raw materials, the direction of fire spread must also be considered. Considering this part, if a fire actually occurs in section C, it is more advantageous to quickly extinguish the initial fire with extinguishing fluid.

Therefore, if the maximum requirement for fire suppression through coal discharge is applied from the fire occurrence part of section D, fire suppression due to coal discharge will be possible without much difficulty. It is desirable to be able to adjust more downward in consideration of the direction.

In this way, when judging whether or not to extinguish a fire through coal emission based on the emission rate criteria, there is a difficulty in judging as in sections C, D, and E, so it may be difficult to respond quickly. However, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, in the case of a coal level value smaller than the reference emission level value by setting the reference emission level value, it is preferable to determine through the third determination unit so that the fire suppression determination is made through coal emission unconditionally. When it is judged that the coal in the silo is in a buffered state, the fire extinguishing judgment can be made faster by using the standard emission level value to extinguish the fire by discharging coal in the case of a fire in the lower position and spraying the extinguishing liquid in the case of a fire in the upper position. This enables faster fire suppression and can be a clear standard without judgment error.

In other words, when the reference emission level value is indicated in Table 1, the D section is usually selected as a section from 1/2 to 1/3 of the total capacity. Therefore, when section D is displayed as a standard emission level value, all fires under section D are extinguished through coal discharge, and fire suppression is performed through extinguishing fluid above section D. to enable initial suppression of For example, when the rate of fire spread or the direction of fire spread is clearly revealed, the reference emission level value stored in the reference value storage unit through the control unit of the main controller can be adjusted to point E or F.

Therefore, in the case of fire monitoring, it is possible to monitor the local location inside the silo and the expanded overall fire, and by securing the accuracy and reliability of the fire monitoring, more objective and specific fire monitoring is possible, so that even in fire suppression. In rapid fire suppression and fire suppression, it is possible to quickly determine whether fire extinguishing liquid or coal is discharged, making it more economical, and it is self-evident that the thermocouple replacement and partial replacement are easily secured without a gap in fire monitoring. This can be secured to increase the driving efficiency.

In the above, the present invention has been described in detail as one embodiment, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is clear that many variations and modifications are possible by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technical idea, and the present invention Examples and practical equivalents will be included.

100: thermocouple unit 200: level measurement unit
300: CO detection unit 400: main controller
410: reference value storage unit 420: first determination unit
430: CO concentration calculation unit 440: second determination unit
450: third judgment unit 460: control unit
470: display unit

Claims (5)

delete delete In a fire monitoring and suppression system in a coal silo of a thermal power plant, a fire extinguishing unit is formed so as to be installed at a plurality of points within the silo to sense the temperature at each installation point, and to receive and spray a fire extinguishing solution in case of a fire to enable initial fire suppression Thermocouple unit 100 and; Measure the loading amount of coal stored in the silo, measure the height at which the coal is accommodated from the feeder of the silo, calculate and transmit the coal level value inside the silo, and the thermocouple unit receives the coal accommodated in the silo according to the calculated level value of the coal a level measuring unit 200 provided to recognize the internal and external positional relationship of CO detection unit 300 for inhaling and measuring the carbon monoxide concentration from each local point to the expanded point for the temperature measurement of the thermocouple unit; The temperature value of the thermocouple unit 100 and the level value of the coal accommodated therein between the level measurement unit 200 are compared and determined to secure the reliability of the measured temperature value, and the CO detection unit 300 measured The main controller 400 is formed with a control unit that monitors and judges whether or not a fire occurs based on the carbon monoxide concentration, and selects and controls either fire suppression by extinguishing liquid or by calculating the rate of coal discharge inside the silo to suppress the fire inside the silo by coal discharge. ); is formed, and the expanded point measured by inhaling carbon monoxide of the CO detection unit 300 is from the temperature measurement range of the thermocouple unit to the center or the entire range. The average value of the carbon monoxide concentration measured by each CO detection unit is If it is more than 300ppm, a fire has occurred, and if it is less than 300ppm, it is judged as a non-fire.
The main controller 400 includes a reference value storage unit 410 in which the reference level value of the thermocouple at each point and the reference concentration value of carbon monoxide are stored; The temperature value transmitted from the thermocouple 100 at each point inside the silo and the coal level value of the level measurement unit 200 are compared with the reference level value of the thermocouple stored in the reference value storage unit of the temperature value transmitted from the thermocouple. A first determination unit 420 for determining the reliability of the temperature value inside the silo to determine whether a local location fire occurs, or whether to check the malfunction or damage of the thermocouple 100 and replace it; A CO concentration calculating unit 430 that receives the carbon monoxide concentration value detected by inhalation at the enlarged point except for the local value, which is the temperature value detection position of the thermocouple 100 through the CO detection unit 300 at each point, and calculates the average value. ; By comparing the average concentration value of carbon monoxide calculated through the CO concentration calculator 430 and the reference concentration value according to the presence or absence of a fire stored in the reference value storage unit, it is determined whether or not fire monitoring has occurred, and the concentration value and the reference value detected at each point a second determination unit 440 that compares the concentration values to determine whether a fire occurs at a point greater than or equal to a reference concentration value; The determination of the presence or absence of fire at the local location according to the temperature value and level value detected through the first determination unit 420 and the local measurement position of each point of the thermocouple by the CO concentration value of the second determination unit 440 Monitoring and judging whether or not a fire has occurred in half or all of the silo that is outside the silo, and when it is determined that a fire has occurred, the rate of coal discharge is calculated in the state where the coal supply in the silo is stopped a control unit 460 for controlling the fire suppression to be performed at any one of the most advantageous fire suppression times during fire suppression; The measured temperature value of the thermocouple 100 inside the silo, the level value by the level measurement unit 200, and the value transmitted through the CO detection unit 300 are displayed in real time, and fire monitoring and A fire monitoring and suppression system between coals of a thermal power plant, characterized in that it is formed with: a display unit 470 for guiding the driver of the suppression and the monitoring and suppression of the fire by the control unit 460.
4. The method of claim 3,
The reference emission level value is stored in the reference value storage unit 410 of the main controller 400 as a level value at which the discharge time of coal from the silo feeder can be made faster than the fire suppression by the extinguishing liquid;
Receive the level value of the coal received from the feeder inside the silo through the level measurement unit 200 and compare it with the reference emission level value of the coal stored in the reference value storage unit 410. When a fire occurs below the reference emission level value, coal A third determination unit 450 that limits the supply of the silo and rapidly discharges coal from the silo to extinguish the fire, and determines that the fire is initially extinguished through the extinguishing liquid for fire suppression of the thermocouple above the reference emission level value; A fire monitoring and suppression system between coals of thermal power plants, characterized in that formed.
5. The method of claim 4,
The reference emission level value corresponds to 1/2 to 1/3 of the total emission time obtained by subtracting 60 minutes from the value obtained by multiplying the amount of coal accommodated inside the silo by the value divided by the emission capacity of the feeder by 60 A fire monitoring and suppression system between coals of a thermal power plant, characterized in that the standard emission level value is set as the reference emission level value, and the reference emission level value can be changed from 1/4 to 1/5 according to the rate of expansion of the fire.

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