KR102337296B1 - Antenna apparatus for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is an antenna device for a vehicle that enables the integration and miniaturization of an antenna structure by having a single coil having multi-band characteristics. An antenna device for a vehicle according to an aspect of the present invention includes: a signal processing substrate including a ground plane; and an antenna module exhibiting multi-band characteristics including a spiral coil including at least two regions having different coil pitches connected to the ground plane of the signal processing substrate.

Description

Antenna apparatus for vehicle

The present application relates to an antenna device for a vehicle, and to an antenna device for a vehicle capable of integrating and miniaturizing an antenna structure.

A recent vehicle antenna device requires a communication signal reception function as well as a radio signal and broadcast signal reception function. That is, reception of AM/FM radio signals, reception of broadcast signals such as DMB, DAB, and SXM, and reception functions of communication signals such as 3G/4G (LTE) are required. In the future, ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems) function and WAVE (Wireless Access in Vehicular Environment) function are also expected to be required. Accordingly, as several antennas for receiving various signals are added to the vehicle antenna device, the size of the vehicle antenna device is increasing, and the industry has made it a major technical task to miniaturize the antenna for reasons such as space limitations of the vehicle.

1 is a view showing the configuration of an antenna device for a vehicle according to the prior art. As shown in FIG. 1 , the conventional vehicle antenna device includes a base 110 , a signal processing board 120 , antenna modules 130 : 130 - 1 , 130 - 2 , 130 - 3 , and a housing 150 . include

The base 110 is a member having an overall plate shape, a lower surface is coupled to an external panel of the vehicle, and the signal processing board 120 and the antenna module 130 are installed thereon.

The signal processing board 120 processes a signal received through the antenna module 130 . For example, a signal of a desired frequency band is filtered with a band-pass filter to remove noise and the like, and amplified to a required level. The signal processing board 120 may be configured in the form of, for example, a printed circuit board (PCB).

A plurality of antenna modules 130 are provided. The first antenna module 130-1 receives a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal, the second antenna module 130-2 receives an SXM signal for a North American-oriented satellite multimedia service, and a third antenna module 130-3 receives an AM/FM radio signal. In addition, an antenna module for receiving a telematics signal may be further included. The antenna module 130 receives a signal and transmits it to the signal processing board 120 .

The housing 150 is coupled to the base 110 to accommodate the signal processing board 120 , the antenna module 130 , and the reflector 140 in the internal accommodation space. The housing 150 may be implemented in the form of a shark pin to reduce air resistance and wind noise generated when the vehicle moves.

The first and second antenna modules 130 - 1 and 130 - 2 are installed on the ground plane of the signal processing board 120 , and dielectrics and antenna patches are sequentially stacked. That is, the first and second antenna modules 130-1 and 130-2 are general patch antenna types. The third antenna module 130-3 is a monopole type antenna and has a spiral coil structure. In particular, the third antenna module 130-3 includes an inner coil 130a in an outer coil 130b to support various frequency bands. The external coil 130b receives an AM/FM radio signal, and the internal coil 130a receives a communication signal such as LTE.

As described above, the third antenna module 130-3 of the monopole type is implemented in a form in which an internal coil 130a is added to the external coil 130b, and in general, the performance between the external coil 130b and the internal coil 130a. In many cases, desired performance cannot be achieved due to interference, and in actual implementation, when the external coil 130b and the internal coil 130a come into contact, the antenna characteristics change, resulting in a problem in functional implementation. In addition, even if the external coil 130b and the internal coil 130a are implemented so that they do not come into contact, the monopole type has a good bending characteristic, so that the external coil 130b and the internal coil 130a are separated by the wind or impact while the vehicle is moving. Physical contact may occur, which may impair antenna performance. And, since the internal coil 130a is inserted inside the external coil 130b, the product cost increases, and the number of processes increases, which is a factor of cost increase.

The present invention has been proposed to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an antenna device for a vehicle that enables the integration and miniaturization of an antenna structure by having a single coil having multi-band characteristics.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antenna device for a vehicle, comprising: a signal processing substrate including a ground plane; and an antenna module exhibiting multi-band characteristics including a spiral coil including at least two regions having different coil pitches connected to the ground plane of the signal processing substrate.

The spiral coil includes three regions having different coil pitches, and the coil pitch increases from an upper end to the ground plane.

From the upper end of the spiral coil to the ground plane, it may resonate in a frequency band of 88 to 108 MHz.

From the first pitch inflection point to the ground plane with respect to the upper end of the spiral coil, resonance may occur in a frequency band of 700 to 900 MHz.

From the second pitch inflection point to the ground plane with respect to the upper end of the spiral coil, resonance may occur in a frequency band of 1710 to 2170 MHz.

In the three regions of the spiral coil, a coil pitch may increase from an upper end to the ground plane.

It further includes a conductor structure installed between the ground plane and the spiral coil, connected to the ground plane and supporting the spiral coil, wherein the conductor structure may resonate in a frequency band of 5850 to 5925 MHz.

In the present invention, structures such as a housing and a base component of an existing vehicle antenna device can be used as they are by implementing multiple bands with one coil.

In addition, according to the present invention, multiple bands are implemented using a single coil, thereby preventing defects due to contact between two coils.

In addition, in the present invention, by using one coil, there is no increase in the number of parts compared to the prior art, and the process is simplified, thereby reducing the working time and reducing the manufacturing cost.

In addition, the present invention can maintain the antenna structure of the existing monopole type, so that it is possible to respond to the gradually increasing small SUV/CVU market.

1 is a view showing the configuration of an antenna device for a vehicle according to the prior art.
2 is a view showing an antenna device for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a view showing a third antenna module of FIG. 2 .
4 is a diagram illustrating a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) in the LTE frequency band of the antenna module of FIG. 3 .
5 is a diagram illustrating a gain in the LTE frequency band of the antenna module of FIG. 3 .
6 is a diagram illustrating a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) in the V2X frequency band of the antenna module of FIG. 3 .
7 is a diagram illustrating a gain in the V2X frequency band of the antenna module of FIG. 3 .

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments will be described in detail so that those of ordinary skill in the art can easily practice the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, in describing the preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known function or configuration may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted. In addition, the same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings for parts having similar functions and functions.

2 is a view showing an antenna device for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2 , the antenna device for a vehicle according to this embodiment includes a base 210, a signal processing board 220, and an antenna. Modules 230:230-1, 230-2, 230-3 and a housing 250 are included.

The base 210 is a member having a plate shape as a whole, and a lower surface thereof is coupled to an external panel of a vehicle, and the signal processing substrate 220 and the antenna module 230 are installed thereon.

The signal processing board 220 processes a signal received through the antenna module 230 . For example, a signal of a desired frequency band is filtered with a band-pass filter to remove noise and the like, and amplified to a required level. The signal processing board 220 may be configured in the form of, for example, a printed circuit board (PCB).

A plurality of antenna modules 230 are provided. The first antenna module 230-1 receives a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal, the second antenna module 230-2 receives a SXM signal for a North American-oriented satellite multimedia service, and a third antenna module (230-3) receives a signal for communication, such as AM / FM radio signal and LTE. In addition, an antenna module for receiving a telematics signal may be further included. The antenna module 230 receives a signal and transmits it to the signal processing board 220 .

The first and second antenna modules 230 - 1 and 230 - 2 are installed on the ground plane of the signal processing board 220 , and dielectrics and antenna patches are sequentially stacked. That is, the first and second antenna modules 230 - 1 and 230 - 2 are general patch antenna types. The third antenna module 230 - 3 is a monopole type antenna and has a helical coil structure. In particular, the third antenna module 130-3 includes one coil, and the one coil is divided into at least two regions having different pitches. Here, the pitch refers to the distance between the two windings of the coil. Each region having a different pitch has different frequency band characteristics. This will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 3 .

FIG. 3 is a view showing a third antenna module of FIG. 2 . Referring to FIG. 3 , the third antenna module 230 - 3 is a monopole type antenna and is connected to the ground plane of the signal processing board 220 and a feeder line and includes a conductive conductor structure 310 supporting a coil and the conductor structure. and a coil 320 coupled to 310 .

The conductor structure 310 is connected to the ground plane of the signal processing board 220 , receives a signal received through the coil 320 , and transmits it to the signal processing board 220 . The shape of the conductor structure 310 is not particularly limited as long as it is connected to the coil 320 to support the coil 320 .

In general, the impedance of the antenna is changed due to a change in material or shape of the antenna, and resonance is newly formed or the resonance characteristic is changed. The third antenna module 230-3 according to the present embodiment forms a multi-band using these characteristics. A plurality of frequency bands are supported by one coil 320 by changing the impedance by adjusting the pitch of one coil 320 . That is, multiple bands are realized by forming the pitch inflection point as much as a desired frequency band. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 , the coil 320 of the third antenna module 230 - 3 is a helical coil, and at least two regions having different pitches to receive signals of at least two frequency bands. is divided into In this embodiment, it is divided into three regions for three frequency bands. 3 , the pitch of the second region 320b is greater than the pitch of the first region 320a, and the pitch of the third region 320c is greater than the pitch of the second region 320b. As the resonant frequency increases, it is preferable that the pitch of the region corresponding thereto also increases proportionally.

In general, the antenna should have a length of 1/4 of the wavelength (λ) of the operating frequency band. The frequency band of the AM/FM radio signal is 88 to 108 MHz, the center frequency is 98 MHz, and the wavelength (λ) accordingly is 3.06 m. Therefore, for the AM/FM radio signal, the antenna has a length of 76.5 cm, which is 1/4 of the wavelength (λ), and in this embodiment, the third antenna module 230- including the conductor structure 310 and the coil 320 - The total length (t ₁ ) of 3) is 76.5 cm. That is, the entire third antenna module 230 - 3 including the conductor structure 310 and the coil 320 resonates in the AM/FM frequency band, and the coil 320 from the bottom end of the conductor structure 310 , that is, from the ground plane. The length from the top to the top is 76.5 cm.

The LTE signal is divided into two frequency bands. It is divided into 700~900MHz band and 1710~2170MHz band. The 700-900 MHz band is called an LTE low frequency band, and the 1710-2170 MHz band is called an LTE high-frequency band (high). In this embodiment, from the bottom of the conductive structure 310 to the top of the second region 320b resonates in the LTE low frequency band (Low), and the third region 320c from the bottom of the conductive structure 310, that is, the ground plane. up to the upper end of the LTE high-frequency band (High) resonates. The center frequency of the LTE low frequency band (Low) is 800 MHz, and the wavelength (λ) accordingly is 0.375 m. Therefore, for the LTE low frequency band (Low), from the lower end of the conductive structure 310 to the upper end of the second region 320b, it has _{a length t 2 of 9.3 cm, which is 1/4 of the wavelength λ.} And the center frequency of the LTE high frequency band (High) is 1900 MHz, and the wavelength (λ) accordingly is 0.157 m. Therefore, for LTE high frequency band (High), from the bottom end of the conductor structure 310, that is, from the ground plane to the top of the third region 320c, it has _{a length t 3 of 3.9 cm, which is 1/4 of the wavelength λ.}

Meanwhile, the conductor structure 310 may be divided into two regions 310a and 310b as shown in FIG. 3 . The two regions 310a and 310b of the conductive structure 310 may be distinguished by a difference in diameter, and the lower region 310a resonates in the V2X band. That is, the lower region 310a of the conductor structure 310 has a length of 1/4 of the wavelength λ of the V2X band. The V2X signal is a band of 5850 to 5925 MHz, and the center frequency is 5885 MHz, and accordingly, the wavelength (λ) is 0.051 m, and 1/4 of the wavelength (λ) is 1.2 cm. Accordingly, the region 310a at the bottom of the conductor structure 310 has a length of 1.2 cm.

4 is a diagram illustrating a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) in the LTE frequency band of the antenna module of FIG. 3 , and FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a gain (Gain) in the LTE frequency band of the antenna module of FIG. 3 . As shown in FIG. 4 , it can be confirmed that the antenna module 230-3 of FIG. 3 exhibits resonance characteristics in the 700 to 900 MHz band and 1710 to 2170 MHz band, and as shown in FIG. 5 , the 700 to 900 MHz band and It can be seen that the standard is satisfied by having a gain of -3dBi or more at a 60 degree angle in the 1710-2170MHz band.

6 is a diagram illustrating a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) in the V2X frequency band of the antenna module of FIG. 3 , and FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a gain (Gain) in the V2X frequency band of the antenna module of FIG. 3 . As shown in FIG. 6 , it can be seen that the antenna module 230-3 of FIG. 3 exhibits resonance characteristics in the 5850-5925 MHz band, and 45 degrees and 60 degrees in the 5850-5925 MHz band as shown in FIG. 7 . It can be seen that all angles have a gain of -3 dBi or more to satisfy the standard.

As described above, the third antenna module 230-3 of the vehicle antenna device according to the embodiment of the present invention serves all of the AM/FM frequency band, the LTE frequency band, and the V2X frequency band with one coil. It can receive signals of AM/FM frequency band, LTE frequency band and V2X frequency band without increasing or changing the size of the existing small monopole antenna. The vehicle antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention implements multiple bands with one coil, so that structures such as a housing and a base component of an existing vehicle antenna device can be used as they are. In addition, the vehicle antenna device according to the embodiment of the present invention implements multiple bands using one coil to prevent defects due to contact between the two coils, and there is no increase in parts compared to the prior art and the process is simplified. It can reduce working time and reduce manufacturing cost.

As described above, although the present invention has been described with reference to limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the technical idea of the present invention and the following by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains Of course, various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of equivalents of the claims to be described.

210: base
220: signal processing board
230: antenna module
250: housing
310: conductor structure
320: coil

Claims (6)

In the vehicle antenna device,
a signal processing substrate including a ground plane;
an antenna module exhibiting multi-band characteristics including a helical coil formed of at least two regions having different coil pitches connected to the ground plane of the signal processing substrate; and
and a conductor structure installed between the ground plane and the spiral coil, connected to the ground plane, and supporting the spiral coil,
The conductor structure is divided into two regions by a difference in diameter, and the lower region resonates in the V2X band and has a length of 1/4 of the wavelength of the V2X band. The method of claim 1,
The spiral coil is
An antenna device for a vehicle comprising three regions having different coil pitches, and having a coil pitch increasing from an upper end to the ground plane. 3. The method of claim 2,
An antenna device for a vehicle that resonates in a frequency band of 88 to 108 MHz from the top of the spiral coil to the ground plane. 3. The method of claim 2,
An antenna device for a vehicle that resonates in a frequency band of 700 to 900 MHz from the first pitch inflection point to the ground plane with respect to the upper end of the spiral coil. 3. The method of claim 2,
An antenna device for a vehicle that resonates in a frequency band of 1710 to 2170 MHz from the second pitch inflection point to the ground plane with respect to the upper end of the spiral coil. delete

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