KR102336101B1 - Apparatus for cultivating biofilm on microplastic - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention can accurately investigate how a microplastic biofilm is formed by microorganisms present in the target water by simulating the formation of a biofilm on the surface of microplastics in an aqueous environment of various properties, and external environmental factors are microscopic It relates to an apparatus for forming a microplastic biofilm by property that can provide a basis for accurately analyzing the effect of plastic on a biofilm, and the apparatus for forming a microplastic biofilm by property according to the present invention supplies raw water to a microplastic biofilm culture tank foe tank; and a microplastic biofilm culture tank that provides a storage space of raw water and microplastics, and induces the formation of a biofilm on the surface of the microplastics.

Description

Apparatus for cultivating biofilm on microplastic

The present invention relates to an apparatus for forming a microplastic biofilm by properties, and more particularly, by simulating the formation of a biofilm on the surface of microplastics in an aqueous environment of various properties, accurate qualitative and It relates to an apparatus for forming a microplastic biofilm by properties that can enable quantitative analysis.

Microplastic is a generic term for plastics or synthetic polymers with a size of 5 mm or less that were intentionally manufactured in the beginning or plastic-related products were miniaturized by various factors, including nanometer (nm) size plastics. Microplastics are caused by various human activities such as industrial abrasives, cosmetics, city dust, synthetic fibers, detergents, tire dust, and paint. In addition, the plastic material may be decomposed through physical, chemical, and biological processes. The generated microplastic flows into rivers or sewage treatment plants, and ultimately moves to the ocean and accumulates.

Microplastics have been recognized as marine pollutants since the 2000s, and related studies have been conducted mainly in the ocean. Early studies have been conducted on the development of measurement methods for microplastics, identification of distribution according to regions/environments, and investigation of risks to marine organisms and their accumulation in the body. Recently, interest in microplastic contamination is increasing. In addition, as most microplastics are generated on land, interest in microplastic pollution evaluation and treatment methods in freshwater environments is also increasing.

Certain foreign substances may be attached to or detached from the microplastic surface, and for this reason, microplastics may act as a carrier of contaminants. In particular, suspended microorganisms existing in water are attached to the surface of microplastics to form a biofilm, which secretes extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which are various contaminants in microplastics. It can promote adhesion/adsorption of In addition, infectious bacteria can be bound to the microplastic surface in the form of a biofilm. The attached microorganisms or pollutants can be transported to a long distance by the flow of a fluid, and when they reach a new environment, they can increase the concentration of pollutants or cause unwanted growth of microorganisms, thereby disturbing existing environmental conditions. In general, once the biofilm is formed because the biofilm has a variety of functionalities, it is very difficult to remove, it also changes the properties of the existing microplastic. In addition, within the biofilm, horizontal gene transfer of various genes may be promoted. According to recently published literature, results have been reported that different types of microorganisms may be attached depending on the microplastic material.

As such, there is a need to identify microplastic biofilm contamination and risks, but due to the recent arrival of microplastic issues, there is no systematic biofilm formation system for evaluating microplastic biofilm contamination yet. Therefore, in order to accurately investigate how suspended microorganisms present in the target water are attached to the microplastic surface, and also to identify the degree of contamination and risk of microplastic biofilm, a customized device for forming a biofilm on the microplastic surface was developed. I need this.

Korea Patent Publication No. 2016-143194 International Patent Publication No. WO2011-124730 Chinese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 104891675 US Patent Publication No. US2008-0076147 Korean Patent Publication No. 2029018 Korean Patent Publication No. 2020273 Korean Patent Publication No. 2019-0098684

The present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and by simulating the formation of a biofilm on the surface of a microplastic under an aqueous environment of various properties, accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis of the biofilm formed on the surface of the microplastic is An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for forming a microplastic biofilm by properties that can be made possible.

The apparatus for forming a microplastic biofilm by property according to the present invention for achieving the above object includes: a raw water tank for supplying raw water to a microplastic biofilm culture tank; and a microplastic biofilm culture tank that provides a storage space of raw water and microplastics, and induces the formation of a biofilm on the surface of the microplastics.

A microplastic anti-floating plate is provided at one point on the upper side of the microplastic biofilm culture tank, and a microplastic precipitation prevention plate is provided at one point on the lower side of the microplastic biofilm culture tank, respectively, The microplastic anti-floating plate and the microplastic precipitation prevention plate are fine Prevents microplastics from floating on the surface of raw water in the plastic biofilm culture tank or sedimentation of microplastics on the bottom of the microplastic biofilm culture tank.

In addition, a microplastic mesh network may be provided in the microplastic biofilm culture tank, and the microplastic is located in the microplastic mesh network.

A plurality of permeable holes are provided at regular intervals in each of the microplastic floating prevention plate and the microplastic settling prevention plate, and the permeable holes are smaller than the size of microplastics to prevent the outflow of microplastics and to actively contact microplastics with microorganisms. Small, larger than the size of microorganisms. In addition, the pore size of the microplastic mesh network is smaller than the size of the microplastic and larger than the size of the microorganism.

A stirring device is further provided on the lower side of the microplastic biofilm culture tank,

The stirring device is selectively operated, and may be operated continuously during operation or may be operated intermittently at regular time intervals.

An aeration device is further provided on the lower side of the microplastic biofilm culture tank, and the aeration device serves to control the amount of dissolved oxygen in the microplastic biofilm culture tank and supply a gas required for microbial growth, the aeration device is The amount of dissolved oxygen in the microplastic biofilm culture tank can be controlled by supplying any one of air and oxygen, or by supplying any one of nitrogen and argon.

In addition, the aeration device supplies _{any one of hydrogen (H 2} ), carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), methane (CH ₄ ) or a mixed gas thereof into the microplastic biofilm culture tank for microbial growth, or gas for microbial growth may be supplied by mixing with any one of nitrogen and argon.

In order to simulate an aqueous environment having a dissolved oxygen concentration gradient according to the depth, the microplastic biofilm culture tank is divided into a plurality of sections along the vertical direction, and an aeration device that supplies oxygen to the lower side of the microplastic biofilm culture tank and raw water. A stirring device for stirring is provided, and the amount of dissolved oxygen present in each section of the microplastic biofilm culture tank can have a concentration gradient by controlling the amount of oxygen discharged through the aeration device and controlling the rotation speed of the stirring device.

At the lower end of the microplastic biofilm culture tank, an aeration device for supplying any one of air, oxygen, nitrogen, or argon or a mixed gas thereof and a stirring device for stirring raw water are provided, and through the operation of the aeration device and the stirring device, the The conditions of the microplastic biofilm culture tank can be set to any one of aerobic conditions, anoxic conditions, and anaerobic conditions.

A partition membrane dividing the space of the microplastic biofilm culture tank into a plurality of independent partition spaces is provided in the microplastic biofilm culture tank, and the same type of microplastic or different types of microplastics are supported in each partition space, the compartment The membrane is optionally removable.

The partition membrane forms a grid, and a microplastic anti-floating plate and a microplastic precipitation prevention plate may be applied to each partition space, or a microplastic mesh network may be applied.

A light irradiation device, a temperature control device, a nutrient supply device and a pH control device are further provided on one side of the microplastic biofilm culture tank, the light irradiation device irradiates visible light or natural light, the temperature control device is a microplastic biofilm culture It serves to regulate the temperature in the tank, the nutrient supply device supplies nutrients required for the growth of microorganisms, and an alkali solution or an acid solution is introduced through the pH control device to adjust the pH of the raw water.

In forming a biofilm on the microplastic surface through the microplastic biofilm culture tank, the microplastic biofilm culture tank may be operated in any one of continuous, batch, and intermittent continuous operation.

In the case of the continuous type, the raw water of the raw water tank is supplied to the microplastic biofilm culture tank at a constant flow rate and the raw water of a certain flow rate is discharged from the microplastic biofilm culture tank, and in the case of the batch type, the raw water is supplied to the microplastic biofilm culture tank blocks the supply and discharge of raw water and induces the formation of a biofilm in the microplastic biofilm culture tank for a certain period of time, and in the case of the intermittent continuous method, alternating with continuous operation for a certain time and batch operation for a certain time It proceeds in the form of repetition.

In the process of operating the microplastic biofilm culture tank in any one of continuous, batch, and intermittent continuous operation, a light irradiation device, a temperature control device, a pH control device, a stirring device, an aeration device, and a nutrient supply device according to preset conditions can be adjusted. In addition, a control device for controlling a light irradiation device, a temperature control device, a pH control device, a stirring device, an acid air device, and a nutrient supply device is further provided, wherein the control device includes a light irradiation device, a temperature control device, a pH control device, It can control the operation of the stirring device, the aeration device and the nutrient supply device.

The apparatus for forming a microplastic biofilm by properties according to the present invention has the following effects.

It is possible to form a biofilm on the surface of microplastics by accurately simulating the formation of a biofilm on the surface of microplastics under various aquatic environments. Accordingly, it is possible to accurately investigate how a microplastic biofilm is formed by microorganisms present in the target water, and it is possible to provide a basis for accurately analyzing the effect of external environmental factors on the microplastic biofilm.

1 is a block diagram of an apparatus for forming a microplastic biofilm by properties according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 to 5 is a configuration diagram of a microplastic biofilm forming apparatus for each property according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention presents a technique for a device that simulates the formation of a biofilm on the surface of microplastics in an aqueous environment of various properties.

As mentioned earlier in 'Technology Background to the Invention', microplastics are discharged from various pollutants, and a biofilm is formed on the surface of microplastics in an aquatic environment such as a river. The biofilm formed on the microplastic surface can act as a factor to spread infectious bacteria or disturb the environment. In addition, the type and shape of the biofilm formed on the microplastic surface may vary depending on the nature of the aquatic environment.

Therefore, if we accurately simulate the formation of a biofilm on the surface of microplastics in an aqueous environment of various properties, and conduct molecular biological analysis and quantitative analysis on the 'microplastic with biofilm formed' obtained therefrom, the biofilm of microplastics effect can be effectively identified.

The present invention provides an apparatus for inducing the formation of a biofilm on the surface of microplastics under the corresponding aqueous environment while creating an aqueous environment of various properties.

Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, it will be described in detail the apparatus for forming a microplastic biofilm according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the apparatus for forming a microplastic biofilm by properties according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a raw water tank 1 and a microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 .

The raw water tank 1 supplies raw water to the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110, and the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 supports the microplastic 120 in raw water and the surface of the microplastic 120. It induces a reaction in which a biofilm is formed.

As described above, the present invention aims to simulate the formation of a biofilm on the surface of the microplastic 120 in an aqueous environment. Therefore, the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 that induces a reaction in which a biofilm is formed on the surface of the microplastic 120 must conform to the aquatic environment in which the microplastic 120 is present.

In order to conform to the aquatic environment in which the microplastic 120 exists, two conditions must be largely satisfied. The first condition is the nature of the raw water on which the microplastic 120 is supported. The microplastic 120 is present in various aquatic environments, and the properties of the corresponding aqueous system may be different for each aqueous environment. Accordingly, it may be preferable to use the raw water of the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 as the raw water of the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 in order to accurately simulate the properties of a specific water system to be simulated. On the other hand, there are cases where it is necessary to create a water quality environment in which risks are expected, induce the formation of a biofilm on the surface of the microplastic 120 under the water quality environment, and analyze the formed biofilm. In this case, raw water having an artificial composition may be supplied to the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 . Therefore, the raw water tank 1 may supply water of a specific aquatic environment to the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 as raw water, or supply raw water having an artificial composition to the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 . Raw water with artificial composition can be manufactured by combining various substances such as chemicals that are hazardous to water. Either one may be used.

The second condition for conforming to the aquatic environment in which the microplastic 120 exists is the culture condition of the biofilm. It is necessary to set the culture conditions of the biofilm in the same way as the aquatic environment to be simulated. The culture conditions of the biofilm conforming to the aquatic environment to be simulated may or may not match the conditions for maximizing the activity of microorganisms, because the aquatic environment to be simulated may or may not meet the conditions for maximizing the activity of microorganisms. to be.

In order to meet the culture conditions of the biofilm conforming to the aquatic environment to be simulated, light is irradiated to the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110, the temperature and pH of the raw water are adjusted, the flow rate of the raw water is controlled, and the raw water is dissolved It is necessary to control the amount of oxygen. Accordingly, a light irradiation device 30, a temperature control device 40, a pH control device 60, agitation device 10, an air conditioner 20, a nutrient supply device on one side of the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 (50) and the like may be provided.

In addition, in adjusting the amount of dissolved oxygen in raw water, it is possible to adjust the amount of dissolved oxygen so that a concentration gradient exists according to the water level. This is to simulate that an aqueous environment having a certain depth has a concentration gradient in the amount of dissolved oxygen depending on the depth. In order to simulate such an aqueous environment, the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 is divided into a plurality of sections in the vertical direction, and the amount of dissolved oxygen present in each section can be set differently according to the concentration gradient. The amount of dissolved oxygen having a concentration gradient according to the water level can be implemented through an aeration device and a stirring device. Specifically, it is possible to control the amount of dissolved oxygen present in each section of the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 by controlling the amount of oxygen discharged through the aeration device and controlling the rotation speed of the stirring device in a form that gradually decreases.

Looking at the detailed configuration of the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 is as follows.

The microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 induces a reaction in which a biofilm is formed on the surface of the microplastic 120 while providing a storage space for the raw water on which the microplastic 120 is supported. The raw water supplied from the raw water tank 1 is stored in the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 , and a plurality of microplastics 120 are supported in the raw water of the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 .

The microplastic biofilm culture tank 110, in one embodiment, may be configured in a cylindrical shape, and has a height of at least a certain length so that it can be divided into a plurality of sections along the vertical direction. Here, the reason that the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 is divided into a plurality of sections along the vertical direction is to simulate an aquatic environment having a certain depth, and it is only divided according to the water level and is not spatially separated by a separate device . More specifically, dividing the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 into a plurality of sections in the vertical direction is to simulate that the amount of dissolved oxygen has a concentration gradient according to the depth of the aquatic environment, and the amount of dissolved oxygen in each section has a concentration gradient It can be realized by controlling the amount of oxygen discharged through the aeration device and adjusting the rotation speed of the stirring device.

In addition, the upper portion of the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 can be selectively opened and closed. When the top is sealed, the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 is anoxic or anaerobic conditions, in this case, the air or oxygen supply into the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 is blocked. On the other hand, when the upper part is open, it maintains a state in contact with the atmospheric environment.

At the lower end of the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 , a stirring device 10 and an aeration device 20 are provided. The stirring device 10 agitates the raw water in the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 to uniform the properties of the raw water and induces the flow of the microplastic 120 in the raw water. By the stirring device 10, only raw water is stirred, only microplastics are stirred, or both raw water and microplastics can be stirred. In addition, the stirring device 10 may be selectively operated as needed. For example, when stirring of raw water and dispersion of the gas supplied from the aeration device is required, the stirring device 10 is operated, and when stagnation of the raw water is required for biofilm growth, the stirring device 10 may not be operated. have. In addition, the stirring device 10 may be operated continuously or intermittently at a predetermined time interval.

In addition, the aeration device 20 supplies air (or oxygen) or supplies nitrogen (or argon) to control the amount of dissolved oxygen in the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110, together with hydrogen (H _{2 )} ), carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), methane (CH ₄ ) serves to supply. Hydrogen (H ₂ ), carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), and methane (CH ₄ ) may be supplied alone or as a mixture of two or more. In addition, the gas necessary for the growth of microorganisms may be supplied in a mixture with nitrogen or argon.

In order to increase the dissolved oxygen concentration in the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110, air or oxygen is supplied, and in order to decrease the dissolved oxygen concentration, nitrogen or argon (Ar) is supplied. Nitrogen or argon (Ar) supplied through the aeration device 20 may be used for anoxicization and anaerobicization of the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 .

In addition, the stirring device 10 and the aeration device 20 serves to adjust the dissolved oxygen concentration in the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 to have a gradient. That is, the concentration gradient of the amount of dissolved oxygen according to the depth of the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 through the rotation speed control of the stirring device 10 together with controlling the amount of air or oxygen supplied through the aeration device 20 You can control it to have

In summary, the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 through the stirring device 10 and the aeration device 20 can be fully aerobized or set to an overall anaerobic (or anaerobic) condition, and the gas supplied by the aeration device It is also possible to have a concentration gradient of the amount of dissolved oxygen according to the depth of the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 through the adjustment of the amount of and the rotation speed of the stirring device.

On the other hand, in order to prevent the microplastic 120 from floating to the surface of the raw water or the microplastic 120 from being deposited on the bottom of the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 in the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110, microplastic At one point on the upper side and the lower side of the biofilm culture tank 110, a microplastic floating prevention plate 131 and a microplastic sedimentation prevention plate 132 are provided, respectively (see FIGS. 1 and 2).

Both the microplastic anti-floating plate 131 and the microplastic settling preventing plate 132 are provided in a form immersed in raw water, and for smooth contact between the raw water and the microplastic 120 , the microplastic anti-floating plate 131 and the microplastic Each of the settling prevention plate 132 is provided with a plurality of permeable holes at regular intervals. The permeable hole should be smaller than the size of the microplastic 120 and larger than the size of the microorganism in order to prevent leakage of the microplastic 120 and to actively contact the microplastic 120 with the microorganism.

In another embodiment, a microplastic mesh network 133 may be provided by replacing the microplastic floating prevention plate 131 and the microplastic sedimentation prevention plate 132, and in this case, the microplastic 120 is a microplastic mesh network ( 133) (see FIGS. 3 and 4). At this time, the pore size of the microplastic mesh network 133 is smaller than the size of the microplastic 120, similar to the size of the permeable hole of the microplastic floating prevention plate 131 and the permeable hole size of the microplastic sedimentation prevention plate 132, should be larger than the size of

If the microplastic 120 does not float to the surface of the raw water or settle to the bottom of the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110, the above-described microplastic floating prevention plate 131 and microplastic sedimentation prevention plate 132 or microplastic mesh The configuration of the network 133 may be omitted. In addition, if necessary, any one of the microplastic anti-floating plate 131 and the microplastic settling preventing plate 132 may be provided (see FIGS. 1 and 2 ).

The microplastic 120 provided in the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 is processed to have a size of 5 mm or less by simulating the microplastic 120 present in the aqueous environment, and the shape is not limited. In one embodiment, the microplastic 120 may have a spherical shape, a polyhedral shape, an irregular shape, or the like, and may be processed to a size of 5 mm in nanometer units.

In addition, the material of the microplastic 120 is not limited like its shape, but in one embodiment, polyethylene (PE, polyethylene), high-density polyethylene (HDPE, High Density Polyethylene), low-density polyethylene (LDPE, Low density polyethylene), Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE, Liner Low Density Polyethylene), polystyrene (PS, polystyrene), polypropylene (PP, polypropylene), methacrylic resin (PMMA-Polymethlyl Methacry late), polyamide (PA, polyamides), nylon, polychloride Vinyl (PVC, polyvinyl chloride), polycarbonate (PC, polycarbonate), polyurethane (PU, polyurethanes), polyester (PES, polyester), polyethylene terephthalate (PET, polyethylene), polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC, polyvinylidene chloride) ), ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene), SAN/AS (Styrene Acrylonitrile) may be composed of any one or a combination thereof.

On the other hand, the space in the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 may be partitioned into a plurality of independent partition spaces 141 by the partition film 140 as shown in FIG. The reason for partitioning the space in the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 into a plurality of partition spaces 141 through the partition film 140 is to apply the biofilm formation process to different types of microplastics 120 . That is, it is possible to provide different types of microplastics 120 in each partition space 141 partitioned by the partition film 140 , respectively, and induce the formation of a biofilm in each partition space 141 . At this time, it is also possible to provide the microplastic 120 of the same type in each partition space 141 .

The partition film 140 may be configured in a grid shape, and the microplastic 120 provided in each partition space 141 partitioned by the partition film 140 is microplastic provided in the neighboring partition space 141 . It does not mix with the plastic 120 . In the case of applying the partition film 140 , the microplastic floating prevention plate 131 and the microplastic sedimentation prevention plate 132 or the microplastic mesh network 133 as described above are applied to each partition space 141 . can In this case, the microplastic floating prevention plate 131 , the microplastic sedimentation prevention plate 132 , and the microplastic mesh network 133 are designed to correspond to the planar shape of each compartment space 141 . In addition, the partition film 140 is selectively detachable, and the number of spaces divided by the partition film 140 is not limited to a plurality.

In addition, a light irradiation device 30, a temperature control device 40, a nutrient supply device 50 and a pH control device 60 are provided on one side of the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 for culturing the biofilm. can The light irradiation device 30 irradiates visible light or natural light, the temperature control device 40 serves to adjust the temperature in the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110, and the nutrient supply device 50 is a microorganism It can supply nutrients required for the growth of In addition, the pH of the raw water can be adjusted as needed by introducing an alkaline solution or an acidic solution through the pH adjusting device 60 .

In addition to the above-described configuration, microplastic biofilm culture tank 110, microplastic floating prevention plate 131, microplastic precipitation prevention plate 132, microplastic in order to exclude from affecting the biofilm formation on the surface of the microplastic 120 The plastic mesh network 133 and the partition film 140 are preferably made of metal, non-metal, glass, or the like, rather than a plastic material.

In addition, in forming a biofilm on the surface of the microplastic 120 through the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110, the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 can be operated in any one of continuous, batch, and intermittent continuous operation have. In the case of the continuous type, the raw water of the raw water tank 1 is supplied to the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 at a constant flow rate, and the raw water at a constant flow rate is discharged from the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 . In the case of the batch type, in the state in which the raw water is supplied to the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110, the supply and discharge of raw water are blocked and the biofilm formation is induced in the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 for a certain period of time. In the case of the intermittent continuous type, the continuous operation for a certain time and the batch-type operation for a certain time are alternately performed in the form of repeated implementation.

In the process of operating the microplastic biofilm culture tank 110 in any one of continuous, batch, and intermittent continuous operation, light irradiation device 30, temperature control device 40, pH control device 60 according to preset conditions ), the stirring device 10, the aeration device 20 and the nutrient supply device 50 can be adjusted. In one embodiment, a control device for controlling the light irradiation device 30 , the temperature control device 40 , the pH control device 60 , the stirring device 10 , the air diffuser 20 , and the nutrient supply device 50 . (not shown) is provided, and a light irradiation device 30 , a temperature control device 40 , a pH control device 60 , a stirring device 10 , an aeration device 20 , and a nutrient supply device through a control device It is also possible to control the operation of (50).

1: raw water tank 10: stirring device
20: diffuser 30: light irradiation device
40: temperature control device 50: nutrient supply device
60: pH control device 110: microplastic biofilm culture tank
120: micro plastic 131: micro plastic floating prevention plate
132: micro plastic settling prevention plate 133: micro plastic mesh network
140: partition film 141: partition space

Claims (17)

a raw water tank that supplies raw water to a microplastic biofilm culture tank; and
A microplastic biofilm culture tank that provides a storage space for raw water and microplastics and induces the formation of a biofilm on the surface of microplastics;
In order to simulate an aqueous environment having a dissolved oxygen concentration gradient according to the depth, the microplastic biofilm culture tank is divided into a plurality of sections along the vertical direction,
An aeration device for supplying oxygen to the lower side of the microplastic biofilm culture tank and a stirring device for stirring raw water are provided,
By controlling the amount of oxygen discharged through the aeration device and adjusting the rotational speed of the stirring device, the amount of dissolved oxygen present in each section of the microplastic biofilm culture tank can have a concentration gradient.
According to claim 1, wherein the microplastic anti-floating plate is provided at one point on the upper side of the microplastic biofilm culture tank, and the microplastic sedimentation prevention plate is provided at one point on the lower side of the microplastic biofilm culture tank, respectively,
The microplastic floating prevention plate and the microplastic sedimentation prevention plate are characterized in that the microplastic is suspended in the surface of the raw water in the microplastic biofilm culture tank or the microplastic prevents sedimentation of the microplastic at the bottom of the microplastic biofilm culture tank. Plastic biofilm forming device.
According to claim 1, wherein a microplastic mesh network is provided in the microplastic biofilm culture tank, the microplastic biofilm forming apparatus for each property, characterized in that the microplastic is located in the microplastic mesh network.
According to claim 2, wherein a plurality of permeable holes are provided in each of the microplastic anti-floating plate and the microplastic settling prevention plate at regular intervals, and the permeable holes prevent the outflow of microplastics and actively contact the microplastics with microorganisms. An apparatus for forming a microplastic biofilm by properties, characterized in that it is smaller than the size of microplastics and larger than the size of microorganisms.
According to claim 3, wherein the pore size of the microplastic mesh network is smaller than the size of the microplastic and larger than the size of the microorganism, the microplastic biofilm forming apparatus for each property.
According to claim 1, wherein a stirring device is further provided at the lower end of the microplastic biofilm culture tank,
The stirring device is selectively operated, and is continuously operated or intermittently operated at regular time intervals during operation.
According to claim 1, wherein an aeration device is further provided at the lower end of the microplastic biofilm culture tank,
The aeration device serves to supply the gas required for microbial growth while controlling the amount of dissolved oxygen in the microplastic biofilm culture tank,
The aeration device supplies any one of air and oxygen, or supplies any one of nitrogen and argon to control the amount of dissolved oxygen in the microplastic biofilm culture tank.
According to claim 7, wherein the aeration device is hydrogen (H ₂ ), carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), methane (CH ₄ ) For the growth of microorganisms, any one or a mixed gas thereof is supplied into the microplastic biofilm culture tank, or microorganisms A device for forming a microplastic biofilm by nature, characterized in that the gas for growth is mixed with any one of nitrogen and argon and supplied.
delete According to claim 1, wherein the air, oxygen, nitrogen, argon any one of, or a mixed gas of air, oxygen, nitrogen, argon is provided on the lower side of the microplastic biofilm culture tank, and an agitation device for agitating the raw water is provided,
Through the operation of the aeration device and the stirring device, the conditions of the microplastic biofilm culture tank can be set to any one of aerobic conditions, anoxic conditions, and anaerobic conditions.
According to claim 1, wherein the microplastic biofilm culture tank is provided with a partition membrane for partitioning the space of the microplastic biofilm culture tank into a plurality of independent partition spaces,
The same type of microplastic or different types of microplastic are loaded in each compartment,
The partition film is an apparatus for forming a microplastic biofilm by properties, characterized in that it is selectively removable.
The method of claim 11, wherein the partition film forms a lattice shape,
A microplastic biofilm forming device by property, characterized in that a microplastic floating prevention plate and a microplastic sedimentation prevention plate are applied to each compartment space, or a microplastic mesh network is applied.
According to claim 1, wherein a light irradiation device, a temperature control device, a nutrient supply device and a pH control device are further provided on one side of the microplastic biofilm culture tank,
The light irradiation device irradiates visible light or natural light, the temperature control device serves to control the temperature in the microplastic biofilm culture tank, the nutrient supply device supplies nutrients required for the growth of microorganisms, the An apparatus for forming a microplastic biofilm by properties, characterized in that it is possible to adjust the pH of the raw water by inputting an alkaline solution or an acidic solution through the pH adjusting device.
According to claim 1, wherein in forming a biofilm on the microplastic surface through the microplastic biofilm culture tank, the microplastic biofilm culture tank is operated by any one of continuous, batch, and intermittent continuous operation. Biofilm forming device.
The method according to claim 14, wherein in the case of the continuous type, the raw water of the raw water tank is supplied to the microplastic biofilm culture tank at a constant flow rate and the raw water of a certain flow rate is discharged from the microplastic biofilm culture tank,
In the case of the batch type, in the state in which the raw water is supplied to the microplastic biofilm culture tank, it blocks the supply and discharge of raw water and induces the formation of a biofilm in the microplastic biofilm culture tank for a certain period of time,
In the case of the intermittent continuous type, the apparatus for forming a microplastic biofilm by properties characterized in that it proceeds in the form of alternating continuous operation for a certain time and batch-type clouding for a certain time.
15. The method of claim 14, wherein in the process of operating the microplastic biofilm culture tank in any one of continuous, batch, and intermittent continuous operation, a light irradiation device, a temperature control device, a pH control device, a stirring device, an acid generator according to preset conditions device and nutrient supply are regulated,
The stirring device agitates the raw water in the microplastic biofilm culture tank to control the flow rate of the raw water and induces the flow of microplastics in the raw water, and the aeration device supplies air to the raw water in the microplastic biofilm culture tank. Controls the amount of dissolved oxygen in raw water, the light irradiation device irradiates visible light or natural light, the temperature control device serves to control the temperature in the microplastic biofilm culture tank, the nutrient supply device is required for the growth of microorganisms A device for forming a microplastic biofilm by character, characterized in that it supplies the nutrients to be used, and adjusts the pH of the raw water by introducing an alkaline solution or an acidic solution through the pH adjusting device.
17. The method of claim 16, further comprising a control device for controlling the light irradiation device, the temperature control device, the pH control device, the stirring device, the acid air device and the nutrient supply device,
The control device is an apparatus for forming a microplastic biofilm by properties, characterized in that it controls the operation of a light irradiation device, a temperature control device, a pH control device, a stirring device, an aeration device and a nutrient supply device.

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