KR102330073B1 - Fire Extinguishing Systems For Energy Storage System - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing system for energy storage, which comprises: a storage having a plurality of zones, and a plurality of lithium-ion batteries accommodated in each zone; a blocking unit installed between the plurality of areas of the storage to block an area in which a battery in which the fire has occurred is stored from other areas to prevent the fire from spreading to other areas; a fire extinguishing unit extinguishing the fire in the area by spraying an extinguishing agent only to the area where the fire occurred; and a control unit detecting a fire zone among a plurality of zones, operating a blocking unit of the fire zone to close the zone where the fire occurred and operating the fire extinguishing unit to supply the extinguishing agent only to the zone where the fire occurred. The fire spread is prevented by physically closing the fire zone among multiple zones and intensively extinguishing the zone.

Description

Fire Extinguishing Systems For Energy Storage System

The present invention is for an energy storage device that is installed in the energy storage device and can prevent the fire from spreading to other battery areas by blocking and intensively extinguishing a fire in a battery area in which a fire has occurred among a plurality of battery areas disposed in the energy storage device It relates to a fire suppression system.

Representative physical energy storage includes pumped water power generation, compressed air storage, and flywheel. And chemical energy storage includes lithium-ion batteries, lead-acid batteries, and NaS batteries. A structure that stores energy in a battery is called an Energy Storage System (ESS).

In such an energy storage device, lithium ion batteries are commonly used at present, and since a plurality of lithium ion batteries are stacked and connected to each other, when a fire occurs in one battery, there is a problem in that the fire spreads to the remaining batteries.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2152565 (August 31, 2020)

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a fire extinguishing system for an energy storage device capable of preventing in advance the spread of fire to other batteries by isolating and extinguishing a battery in which a fire has occurred among a plurality of batteries stored in a storage. .

Another object of the present invention is to isolate the periphery of the battery in which a fire has occurred using a fire shutter to prevent the spread of fire in the battery and to wrap the fire extinguishing agent on the outer surface of the battery so that the heat of the battery is transferred to the outside. It is to provide a fire extinguishing system for an energy storage device that can prevent the spread of fire in the battery by blocking the secondary battery, thereby improving the performance of preventing the spread of fire.

In order to achieve the above object, the fire extinguishing system for an energy storage device of the present invention is provided with a plurality of zones and is installed between a storage in which a plurality of lithium ion batteries are accommodated in each zone, and a plurality of zones of the storage, respectively, to prevent fire. A blocking unit that blocks the area where the generated battery is stored from other areas to prevent the fire from spreading to other areas; It includes a control unit that detects an area in which a fire has occurred among a plurality of areas, operates the blocking unit of the corresponding area to close the area in which the fire occurred, and operates the fire extinguishing unit to supply extinguishing agent only to the area where the fire occurred. .

The blocking unit includes a housing mounted on the ceiling of the storage, a rotation shaft rotatably disposed inside the housing, a blocking film wound around the rotation shaft and made of a material that prevents the spread of fire and is not damaged by heat; It may include a rail part installed on the wall and slidably supporting both edges of the blocking film, and a driving motor connected to one end of the rotation shaft to rotate the rotation shaft.

The fire extinguishing unit includes a container in which the reservoir is filled with an extinguishing agent at a certain pressure, a plurality of spinning nozzles respectively installed in a plurality of zones of the storage to radiate the extinguishing agent to the corresponding zone, and between the plurality of spinning nozzles and the container. It may include a supply line connected to the spinning nozzle for supplying a fire extinguishing agent to the spinning nozzle, and a plurality of valves respectively installed in the plurality of supply lines to open and close the corresponding supply line.

The container includes a first container filled with a first extinguishing agent in powder form, and a second container filled with a second extinguishing agent in granular form, and when a fire occurs in the storage, the first extinguishing agent is first supplied, When the supply of the first extinguishing agent is completed, the second extinguishing agent may be supplied.

The first fire extinguishing agent is in the form of a powder and the main components are monobasic ammonium phosphate and stone powder, and the second fire extinguishing agent pulverizes waste glass to form a powder, and then foams the waste glass in powder form to granules having a certain size. form, and the second container may be composed of a mixture of a second fire extinguishing agent and compressible nitrogen gas in the form of granules.

The second fire extinguishing agent is composed of a mixture of 70~75% SiO2, 10~15% Na2O, 7~11% CaO, 0.5~5% Al2O3, 1~5% MgO, 1~4% K2O by weight% by weight. can be

The second fire extinguishing agent is a mixture of a fire extinguishing agent having a particle size of 1 to 4 mm and an extinguishing agent having a particle size of 0.1 to 0.3 mm, and an extinguishing agent having a particle size of 1 to 4 mm and a particle size of 0.1 to 0.3 mm. The volume ratio of the drug may be formed to be 7:3.

The control unit receives a signal from a temperature sensor installed in a plurality of zones of the storage to measure the temperature of each zone, and a smoke detector installed in each zone to detect smoke generation in each zone, so that a fire occurs in one zone. If it is judged that it has occurred, the shutoff unit and valve of the relevant area are operated to block the relevant area, and the fire extinguishing agent can be injected into the relevant area.

As described above, the fire extinguishing system for an energy storage device of the present invention is provided with a blocking unit that blocks a plurality of zones of the storage by mouth heat and a fire extinguishing unit that extinguishes each zone, so that the battery in which a fire has occurred among the plurality of batteries is provided. It is possible to prevent the fire from spreading to other batteries by immediately extinguishing it at the same time as isolating it.

In addition, by isolating the periphery of the battery where a fire has occurred using a fire shutter to prevent the spread of fire in the battery, the heat of the battery is transferred to the outside by using a fire extinguishing agent that melts at the set temperature and wraps around the outside of the battery. It is possible to block the secondary battery fire from spreading, thereby improving the fire spread prevention performance.

1 is a block diagram of a fire extinguishing system for an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a block diagram of a control unit of a fire extinguishing system for an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a perspective view of a blocking unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this process, the size or shape of the components shown in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity and convenience of explanation. In addition, terms specifically defined in consideration of the configuration and operation of the present invention may vary depending on the intention or custom of the user or operator. Definitions of these terms should be made based on the content throughout this specification.

1 is a block diagram of a fire extinguishing system for an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a control unit of the fire extinguishing system for an energy storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 and 2, the fire extinguishing system for a storage device according to an embodiment includes a storage 10 in which a plurality of lithium-ion batteries 100 are accommodated and divided into a plurality of zones 12, 14, and 16; A blocking unit 20 that is installed between a plurality of zones of the storage 10 and blocks the zone in which the battery in which the fire has occurred is stored from other zones to prevent the fire from spreading to other batteries, and the storage 10 The fire extinguishing unit 30 installed in the premises to suppress the fire by spraying a fire extinguishing agent to the area where the fire occurred, and the blocking unit 20 in the area where the fire occurred by detecting the area where the fire occurred among a plurality of areas is operated and a control unit 40 that operates the fire extinguishing unit 30 to intensively supply the extinguishing agent only to the area where the fire has occurred.

The storage 10 is divided into, for example, a first zone 12 , a second zone 14 and a third zone 16 , and the first battery 102 is accommodated in the first zone 10 , The second battery 104 is accommodated in the second zone 14 , and the third battery 106 is accommodated in the third zone 16 . At this time, the first zone 12 , the second zone 14 , and the third zone 16 are spaced apart from each other and maintained in an open state to accommodate the battery in the storage 10 or the battery. It makes workability convenient when performing replacement work, etc.

The first battery 102 , the second battery 104 , and the third battery 106 may include a plurality of batteries stacked in a tray, and are electrically connected to each other, respectively.

As such, when a fire occurs in one battery of lithium ion batteries disposed in one space, the fire spreads to batteries disposed adjacent to each other, so that all batteries stored in the storage are lost due to the fire.

That is, even if a fire occurs in the first zone 12 and the fire extinguishing agent is intensively sprayed in the first zone 12 , heat is transferred to the second zone 14 and the third zone 16 to transfer the heat to the second battery 104 . ) and the third battery 106 are also affected by heat.

Then, a fire occurred in the first zone 12 and the fire extinguishing agent sprayed into the first zone 12 was delivered to the second zone 14 and the third zone 16, and the second zone 14 and the third zone The second battery 104 and the third battery 106 housed in (16) are also difficult to reuse due to the extinguishing agent.

In this embodiment, the blocking unit 20 is installed between each area to physically block the area where the fire occurred, and to supply a fire extinguishing agent to the area to prevent the fire from spreading to other areas, as well as to prevent the fire from spreading to other areas. It can be prevented from entering the area.

The blocking unit 20 includes a first blocking unit 22 installed between the first zone 12 and the second zone 14 to block between the first zone 12 and the second zone 14, and a second blocking unit 24 installed between the second zone 14 and the third zone 16 to block the second zone 14 and the third zone 16 . In this way, the blocking unit is installed between the plurality of zones, respectively, and serves to physically isolate the zone where the fire occurred in case of a fire.

For example, when a fire occurs in the first zone 12, the first blocking unit 22 is operated to close the first zone 12, and when a fire occurs in the second zone 14, the first blocking unit ( 22) and the second blocking unit 24 are operated to close the second zone 14, and when a fire occurs in the third zone 16, the second blocking unit 24 is operated to close the third zone 16 close the

As shown in FIG. 3 , the blocking unit 20 includes a housing 40 mounted on the ceiling of the storage 10 , and disposed inside the housing 40 , and both ends thereof are rotatably mounted to the housing 40 . A rotating shaft (not shown), a barrier film 44 that is wound on the rotating axis and is a material that can block fire and is not damaged by heat, is installed on the wall of the storage 10 and slides both edges of the barrier film 44 It includes a rail part 46 for supporting, and a driving motor 42 connected to one end of the rotating shaft to rotate the rotating shaft.

The blocking film 44 can be any type and material that can be wound on a rotating shaft while being able to withstand fire, and an existing fire shutter can be used.

The rail part 46 is mounted on both inner wall surfaces of the reservoir 10 and the bottom face of the reservoir 10 so that both edges and the lower end of the blocking film 44 are inserted to close the zones.

Looking at the action of the blocking unit 20, when a fire occurs in any one of the first zone 12, the second zone 14, and the third zone 16, the control unit 40 detects it and blocks the corresponding The drive motor 42 of the unit is operated to rotate the rotating shaft. Then, the blocking film 44 slides downward along the rail part 46 to block the corresponding area.

Then, when the fire suppression in the corresponding area is completed, the driving motor 42 is operated in the reverse direction to lift the blocking film 44 so that the subsequent work can be performed after the fire is extinguished.

The fire extinguishing unit 30 is mounted on the ceiling surfaces of the containers 32 and 34 filled with the fire extinguishing agent at a constant pressure, the first zone 12, the second zone 14, and the third zone 14, respectively. The first radiation nozzle 52, the second radiation nozzle 54, and the third radiation nozzle 56 for radiating the fire extinguishing agent to the area, and the container 32 and 34 and the radiation nozzle are connected between the radiation nozzle to release the extinguishing agent. It includes a supply line for supplying to the and a plurality of valves for opening and closing the supply line.

The containers 32 and 34 are composed of a first container 32 filled with a first fire extinguishing agent in powder form, and a second container 34 filled with a second fire extinguishing agent in granular form, and the first fire extinguishing agent and The second extinguishing agent may be selectively supplied or may be supplied simultaneously.

In the second container 34, the second fire extinguishing agent in granular form and compressible nitrogen gas are mixed in a predetermined ratio so that the second fire extinguishing agent in granular form can be supplied by pressure.

The first fire extinguishing agent is in the form of a powder, and the main components are monobasic ammonium phosphate and stone powder, so that it is wrapped around the outer surface of the battery to generate a suffocation effect, a dustproof effect and a heat radiation blocking effect.

The second fire extinguishing agent pulverizes waste glass to form a powder, and then foams the powdered waste glass to manufacture granular fire extinguishing agents having a certain size. In this case, as the waste glass, scrap glass generated from a scrap car may be used, and general waste glass may be used.

The second fire extinguishing agent prepared in this way is by weight %, SiO2 70~75%, Na2O 10~15%, CaO 7~11%, Al2O3 0.5~5%, MgO 1~5%, K2O 1~4% mixed composed of a composition.

And because the second extinguishing agent is light in weight and small in specific gravity, it is easy to handle, transport and store, and is strong against external environmental factors such as moisture, heat, corrosion and organic solvents.

The second extinguishing agent is non-combustible, can be stored for a long time, is environmentally friendly, can be easily removed after extinguishing the fire, and the unmelted extinguishing member can be reused.

The second extinguishing agent is non-toxic, non-reactive to textile solvents, odorless, non-allergic, and radiologically harmless, so it does not affect users when used.

And the particle size of the second extinguishing agent is 1-4mm, and it is spherical and has a plurality of pores to absorb the electrolyte leaking from the battery, thereby preventing the risk of electrolyte leakage in advance. The bulk density of the second extinguishing agent is 240±30 kg/m3.

The second extinguishing agent mixes an extinguishing agent with a particle size of 1 to 4 mm and a particle size of 0.1 to 0.3 mm so that the maximum amount of extinguishing agent is filled in the same space. It is possible to improve the fire extinguishing performance by tightly wrapping the outer surface without empty spaces.

In this case, the second fire extinguishing agent has a particle size of 1 to 4 mm and a volume ratio of the fire extinguishing agent having a particle size of 0.1 to 0.3 mm to 7:3, thereby maximizing the effect of enclosing the battery.

The supply line is a first line 62 connected to the first container 32 , a second line 64 connected to the second container 34 , and a third line connected to the first radiation nozzle 52 . (72), the fourth line 74 to which the second radiation nozzle 54 is connected, the fifth line 76 to which the third radiation nozzle 56 is connected, the first line 62, and the second and a connection line 66 connecting the line 64 and the third line 72 , the fourth line 74 and the fifth line 76 .

The valve includes a first valve 82 installed in the first line 62 to open and close the first line 62, and a second valve 82 installed in the second line 64 to open and close the second line 64 ( 84 , a third valve 86 installed in the third line 72 to open and close the third line 72 , and a fourth valve installed in the fourth line 74 to open and close the fourth line 74 . It includes a valve 88 and a fifth valve 90 installed on the fifth line 76 to open and close the fifth line 76 . As such a valve, a solenoid valve that opens and closes by an electrical signal may be used.

Such a fire extinguishing unit 30 is an area where a fire occurred when a fire occurs in any one of the first zone 12, the second zone 14, and the third zone 16. The first extinguishing agent and the second Fire extinguishing agent to perform fire extinguishing action.

The control unit 40 is installed in each zone to measure the temperature of each zone with temperature sensors 42, 44, and 46 and smoke detectors 112, 114, and 116 installed in each zone to detect smoke in each zone. When it is determined that the temperature and smoke generation in the plurality of zones are higher than the set values by receiving the signal and comparing it with the preset reference values, the corresponding blocking unit and valve are operated to block the corresponding zone and inject the extinguishing agent into the corresponding zone.

The temperature sensors 42 , 44 , 46 include a first temperature sensor 42 installed in the first zone 12 , a second temperature sensor 44 installed in the second zone 14 , and a third zone ( 16) and a third temperature sensor (46), wherein the smoke detector is a first smoke detector (112) installed in the first zone (12) and a second smoke detector (14) installed in the second zone (14). 114 and a third smoke detector 116 installed in the third zone 16 .

The operation of the fire extinguishing device according to an embodiment of the present invention configured as described above will be described below.

For example, when a fire occurs in the first zone, a signal from the first temperature sensor and the first smoke detector is applied to the control unit, and the control unit compares the applied signal with the set value to determine that a fire has occurred. By operating the blocking unit and the fire extinguishing unit, the first area is blocked, and the fire extinguishing agent is emitted to the first area to perform the fire extinguishing action.

Specifically, when the control unit operates the driving motor of the first blocking unit, the blocking film moves downward to physically block the first zone and the second zone to close the first zone.

When the first zone is closed, the control unit operates the first valve and the third valve. Then, the first line and the third line are opened and the first fire extinguishing agent stored in the first container is radiated to the first area through the first radiation nozzle to perform primary fire suppression.

And after the first extinguishing agent is emitted for a set time, the second valve is opened to emit the second extinguishing agent to the first area.

The first extinguishing agent in powder form is first emitted to perform the primary fire extinguishing action of the battery, and the second extinguishing agent in the form of granules is emitted to perform secondary fire suppression while the second extinguishing agent is wrapped around the outer surface of the battery.

When a fire occurs in the second zone, the control unit closes the second zone and then releases a fire extinguishing agent to the second zone. In the event of a fire in the third zone, the control unit closes the third zone and then Fire extinguishing agent in area 3.

In this way, the fire can be extinguished quickly by closing the area where the fire has occurred among the plurality of areas of the storage area to prevent the fire from being transmitted to other areas, and by intensively emitting a fire extinguishing agent in the corresponding area.

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In the above, the present invention has been illustrated and described with examples of specific preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and within the scope of not departing from the spirit of the present invention, common knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs Various changes and modifications will be possible by those who have

10: Storage 12: Zone 1
14: Zone 2 16: Zone 3
20: blocking unit 30: fire extinguishing unit

Claims (8)

a storage having a plurality of zones and accommodating a plurality of lithium-ion batteries in each zone;
a blocking unit installed between a plurality of areas of the storage to block the area in which the battery in which the fire has occurred is stored from other areas to prevent the fire from spreading to other areas;
A fire extinguishing unit comprising a first container filled with the first extinguishing agent and a second container filled with a second extinguishing agent in granular form, and spraying the extinguishing agent only to the area where the fire occurred to extinguish the fire in the area ; and
A control unit that detects an area where a fire has occurred among a plurality of areas, operates a blocking unit of the corresponding area to close the area where the fire occurred, and operates the fire extinguishing unit to supply a fire extinguishing agent only to the area where the fire occurred; includes; do,
The fire extinguishing agent includes a first fire extinguishing agent supplied primarily when a fire occurs, and a second extinguishing agent supplied secondarily when the supply of the first fire extinguishing agent is completed,
The first fire extinguishing agent is in powder form and the main components are monobasic ammonium phosphate and stone powder,
The second fire extinguishing agent is in the form of granules having a certain size by pulverizing waste glass to form a powder, then foaming the waste glass in powder form,
The fire extinguishing system of the energy storage device is configured by mixing the second fire extinguishing agent in the form of granules and compressible nitrogen gas in the second container. According to claim 1,
The blocking unit includes a housing mounted on the ceiling of the storage;
a rotating shaft rotatably disposed inside the housing;
a barrier film wound around the rotating shaft and made of a material that blocks the spread of fire and is not damaged by heat;
a rail part installed on the wall of the storage and slidably supporting both edges of the blocking film; and
The fire extinguishing system of an energy storage device comprising a driving motor connected to one end of the rotating shaft to rotate the rotating shaft. According to claim 1,
A plurality of spinning nozzles respectively installed in a plurality of zones of the storage to radiate the extinguishing agent to the corresponding zone;
a supply line connected between the plurality of spinning nozzles and the first and second containers to supply a fire extinguishing agent to the spinning nozzle; and
The fire extinguishing system of an energy storage device including a plurality of valves respectively installed in the plurality of supply lines to open and close the corresponding supply lines. delete delete According to claim 1,
The second fire extinguishing agent, by weight, SiO2 70~75%, Na2O 10~15%, CaO 7~11%, Al2O3 0.5~5%, MgO 1~5%, K2O 1-4% as a mixed composition The fire extinguishing system of the energy storage system consisting of. According to claim 1,
The second fire extinguishing agent is a mixture of a fire extinguishing agent having a particle size of 1 to 4 mm and an extinguishing agent having a particle size of 0.1 to 0.3 mm, and an extinguishing agent having a particle size of 1 to 4 mm and a particle size of 0.1 to 0.3 mm The fire extinguishing system of the energy storage device is formed in a volume ratio of 7:3 of the extinguishing agent. According to claim 1,
The control unit receives a signal from a temperature sensor installed in a plurality of zones of the storage to measure the temperature of each zone and a smoke detector installed in each zone to detect smoke in each zone, and a fire occurs in one zone. When it is judged that there is a fire extinguishing system of the energy storage device, it operates the blocking unit and fire extinguishing unit in the area to block the area and inject the extinguishing agent into the area.

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