KR102320535B1 - Horizontal diaphragm member for timber structure and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the present invention, a horizontal diaphragm member for a wooden structure has a horizontal member which comprises: a wooden frame having left and right side circumference rectangular lumber units spaced at a predetermined interval in left and right directions, a front side circumference rectangular lumber unit coupled to front sides of the left and right side circumference rectangular lumber units, and a rear side circumference rectangular lumber unit coupled to a rear side of the left and right side circumference rectangular lumber units; lower plywood coupled to a lower portion of the wooden frame; upper plywood coupled to an upper portion of the wooden frame; and styrofoam inserted into the wooden frame between the upper and lower plywood. The horizontal diaphragm member for a wooden structure comprises: the horizontal member; a first wooden beam member coupled to a front side of the horizontal member; a second wooden beam member coupled to a rear side of the horizontal member; and a third wooden beam member.

Description

Horizontal diaphragm member for wooden structure and manufacturing method thereof

The present invention relates to a horizontal diaphragm member for a wooden structure and a manufacturing method thereof, and more particularly, to a horizontal diaphragm for a wooden structure that can be used as a horizontal diaphragm member for a floor or roof member of two or more floors in a light alley structure such as a wooden house and a heavy timber structure It relates to a member and a method for manufacturing the same.

, 2010년 9,585동 연면적781,000

급기야 현재 10,000동이 넘는 목조주택이 들어서, 목조주택 1만 세대이다. 그리고 근래에 들어 설계도가 다양해지고 많은 건축주들의 개성 있는 집을 지으려는 수요가 생기면서 수평부재인 대들보, 장선 등의 길이인 지간거리가 상당히 길어지는 경향이 있다. 기존의 구조용 목재로서는 그 지간거리를 버텨낼 수 있는 구조적 강도가 갖춰지지 않으면서 공학목재인 집성재의 사용이 많아지고 있는 현실이다. Recently, the wood industry market is continuously expanding due to an increase in the use of wood products and an increase in interest in wooden houses due to the spread of high-grade housing, return to farming, and low birthrate and aging culture. Looking at the recent trend of wooden construction, the number of new buildings in 2006 was 4,203, and the total floor area was 365,000.

, 2010 9,585 buildings Total floor area 781,000

In the end, more than 10,000 wooden houses have been built so far, and there are 10,000 wooden houses. And in recent years, as the design drawings have been diversified and the demand for building unique houses from many clients has arisen, the span distance, which is the length of horizontal members such as girders and joists, tends to become considerably longer. The reality is that the use of laminated wood, an engineered wood, is increasing as the existing structural wood does not have the structural strength to withstand the span.

As shown in Fig. 1, the gluing material 10 is laminated by using an adhesive in the length, width, or thickness direction by paralleling the cutting board or incineration material with a thickness of about 34 mm in the fiber direction between adjacent laminas 1. is the material Laminate materials were developed in earnest after the development of risorcinol resin, and fabrication materials began to be distributed in the 1960s and structural materials in the 1990s. Laminates are used for indoor and outdoor use according to the conditions of use. According to the shape, there are straight-woven laminates, curved laminates, I-section laminates, upper-type cross-sections, and hollow cross-sections. According to the load direction, it is divided into horizontal laminated laminates and vertical laminated laminates, and in the Japanese standard JAS, it is divided into operational, structural, and decorative construction according to the use. For gluing materials for operation, the degree of adhesion and appearance are the criteria for classification, and since gluing for structural use is used as a structural strength member and is used for structurally important places, the performance standards are strict.

As for the characteristics of structural large-section laminates and their buildings, a material with less variation in strength is obtained by deliberately laminating lamina, and as a result, the lower limit of the strength distribution rises, so the allowable stress is up to about 1.5 times that of the material. In addition, since the raw material of lamina uses a drying material, it has less warping and splitting characteristics, and a carbonized layer is formed in the combustion part as the surface ignites and burns, so the fire resistance performance is superior to that of general wood.

On the other hand, there is a structural laminated board 20 (Cross Laminated Timber) as shown in FIG. 2 as a plate-shaped engineered wood constructed by laminating lamina 1 orthogonally among the laminated materials. The structural laminate 20 is an engineered timber having the advantage of being able to construct a high-rise wooden building, and is a laminate of a vertical laminate structure developed and used in Europe, North America, and Japan in the 2000s. In the UK and North America, high-rise wooden buildings are being constructed using these structural laminates, and the global production and scale of structural laminates is 475,000㎥ as of 2011. Among them, Central Europe accounts for about 95%, and production is increasing in the UK, Germany and Austria.

However, when the conventional structural aggregation plate 20 is exposed to changes in external conditions such as temperature and humidity, problems such as twisting and splitting of the lamina may occur due to different degrees of shrinkage occurring in each layer. The torsion of the lamina detaches the adhesive surface between the laminaes, and the drying stress caused by the lamina surface and the internal moisture gradient can cause cracks and splits on the surface of the structural aggregation plate, which can cause deformation due to moisture. This may cause a very unfavorable decrease in strength for use as a structural material. In addition, the structural laminated board uses an excessive amount of wood because the entire volume of the wall is filled with wood, and in countries with scarce wood resources such as Korea, there are many restrictions on practical use and industrialization due to problems such as resource shortage and increased manufacturing cost. . In addition, as an absolute factor in which energy consumption reduction and energy efficiency improvement must be realized in future buildings, structural laminates have only half the insulation performance of wood itself than insulation materials. It has the disadvantage that the performance cannot be satisfied.

Therefore, the present invention solves the problems of the prior art, and achieves the objectives of excellent structural performance, minimization of defects in wood and drying defects, reduction of manufacturing cost, and improvement of energy efficiency. It aims to develop a horizontal diaphragm member.

The horizontal diaphragm member for a wooden structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is a front coupled to the front of the left and right frame square members (330, 340), the left and right edge square pieces (330, 340) spaced apart from the left and right at regular intervals. a wooden frame including a frame square member 310 and a rear edge square member 320 coupled to the rear of the left and right edge square members 330 and 340; a lower plywood 350 coupled to the lower portion of the wooden frame; an upper plywood 360 coupled to the upper portion of the wooden frame; and a styrofoam 370 inserted into the wooden frame between the upper and lower plywoods 360 and 350; a horizontal member 300 including; A first wooden beam member 201 coupled to the front of the horizontal member 300; and a second wooden beam member 202 coupled to the rear of the horizontal member 300 .

In addition, it characterized in that it further comprises a woody third beam member coupled to the left edge square member 330 or the right edge square member 340 in the horizontal member.

In addition, in the horizontal member 300, the front edge portion and the rear edge portion of the lower plywood (350) are coupled so as to be in contact with the upper surfaces of the first beam member (201) and the second beam member (202), respectively. do.

In addition, the screw 311 coupled to the upper surface of the upper plywood 360 sequentially passes through the upper plywood 360 , the front edge square member 310 , and the lower plywood 350 , and the first beam member It is characterized in that it is coupled to (201) and fixed.

In addition, the screw 311 coupled to the upper surface of the upper plywood 360 sequentially passes through the upper plywood 360 , the rear edge square member 320 , and the lower plywood 350 , and the second beam member It is characterized in that it is coupled to the fixed (202).

The horizontal diaphragm member for a wooden structure according to another embodiment of the present invention is a front coupled to the front of the left and right frame square members (330, 340), the left and right edge square pieces (330, 340) spaced apart from the left and right at regular intervals. a wooden frame including a frame square member 310 and a rear edge square member 320 coupled to the rear of the left and right edge square members 330 and 340; a lower OSB plate coupled to a lower portion of the wooden frame; an upper OSB (OSB) plate coupled to the upper portion of the wooden frame; and a styrofoam 370 inserted into the wooden frame between the upper and lower OSB plates; a horizontal member 300 including; A first wooden beam member 201 coupled to the front of the horizontal member 300; and a second wooden beam member 202 coupled to the rear of the horizontal member 300 .

According to the present invention, there is provided a horizontal diaphragm member for a wooden structure that can be used as a horizontal diaphragm member in a wooden house, etc. while achieving the purposes of excellent structural performance, minimization of defects in wood and drying defects, reduction of manufacturing cost, and improvement of energy efficiency.

1 is a view of an existing laminated material, FIG. 2 is a diagram of an existing laminated sheet for structural use,
3 is a side view of a horizontal diaphragm member for a wooden structure according to the present invention;
4 is a front view of a horizontal diaphragm member for a wooden structure according to the present invention;
5 is a bottom view of a horizontal diaphragm member for a wooden structure according to the present invention;
6 is a load test result graph when the horizontal diaphragm member for a wooden structure according to the present invention is applied to the floor;
7 is a load test result graph when the horizontal diaphragm member for a wooden structure according to the present invention is applied to a roof.

Hereinafter, a horizontal diaphragm member for a wooden structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

3 is a side view of the horizontal diaphragm member for a wooden structure according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is a front view of the horizontal diaphragm member for a wooden structure according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the horizontal diaphragm member for a wooden structure according to the present invention.

The horizontal diaphragm member 200 for a wooden structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a wooden frame made of wood having a rectangular frame; a lower plywood 350 coupled to the lower portion of the wooden frame; an upper plywood 360 coupled to the upper portion of the wooden frame; and a styrofoam 370 inserted into the wooden frame between the upper and lower plywoods 350 and 360; a horizontal member 300 including; A first wooden beam member 201 coupled to the front lower portion of the horizontal member 300; and a second wooden beam member 202 coupled to the lower rear portion of the horizontal member 300 .

The horizontal member 300 is coupled between the first beam member 201 and the second beam member 202 in the present invention, and a rectangular frame-shaped wooden frame, a lower plywood 350 coupled to the lower part of the wooden frame, It includes an upper plywood 360 coupled to the upper part of the wooden frame, and Styrofoam 370 inserted into the wooden frame.

The wooden frame is made in the form of a square frame to form a square edge of the horizontal member 300, and is coupled to the front of the left and right edge square pieces (330, 340) and the left and right edge square pieces (330, 340) It includes a front edge square member 310 and a rear edge square member 320 coupled to the rear of the left and right edge square member parts 330 and 340 . Each of the left and right edge square materials 330 and 340, the front edge square material part 310 and the rear edge square material part 320 is made of wood square material and is made of a single solid wood square material in this embodiment.

The wooden frame having this configuration arranges the left and right edge square pieces 330 and 340 in parallel, and arranges them to be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined interval to be disposed on the left and right edges of the upper plywood 360, and the left and right edge square pieces (330, 340) is coupled to the front edge square member 310 in front of the nail, and the rear edge square member 320 is coupled to the rear of the left and right edge square member parts (330, 340) with a nail, respectively.

Then, after placing the lower plywood 350 on a flat support, the wooden frame is placed on the upper side of the lower plywood 350 and then the wooden frame is fixed to the lower plywood 350 with nails. Next, the Styrofoam 370 is cut to have a cross-sectional area equal to or less than the cross-sectional area of the inner space of the wooden frame, and the cut Styrofoam 370 is inserted into the wooden frame. At this time, the lower plywood 350 and the Styrofoam 370 are bonded with an adhesive.

Next, an adhesive is applied to the upper surface of the Styrofoam 370 in the same manner, and then the upper plywood 360 is placed on the upper side to bond with the Styrofoam 370, and the edge of the upper plywood 360 is nailed to each edge of the wooden frame. Combined with the square member (310, 320, 330, 340).

When explaining the manufacturing process of upper and lower plywood (350, 360), first, the species used for plywood are domestic materials such as larch, Rigida pine, land pine, yellow cypress, birch, chestnut, pine, cypress, and cedar, and radiata pine, Eucalyptus, Meranti, MLH (mixed local hardwood), poplar, Vietnamese acacia, radiata pine, Namyangjae mixed species including KERUING, etc. The adhesives used are thermosetting resins such as phenol, melamine, urea and isocyanate Thermoplastic resins such as PVAc, PVA, EVA, PUR, and epoxy resin, and hot-melt-based and rubber-based adhesives are included.

The manufacturing process of plywood consists of boiling and heating of raw wood, cross cutting of wood, peeling, cutting and drying of veneer, typesetting, defect repair of veneer, adhesive application, cold pressing, hot pressing, and post-treatment processes.

When cutting the veneer, the thickness of the veneer should be 0.5mm or more and 5mm or less. After drying the veneer, the moisture content of the veneer is dried to a level of 5 to 10%, and in the case of softwood plywood, the moisture content is dried to a level of 3 to 8%. The moisture content range of the veneer suitable for bonding should be adjusted according to the type of adhesive used. When using urea and melamine resin adhesives, the moisture content should be maintained at 5 to 15%, and for phenolic resin adhesives to be maintained at 8% or less.

Then, in the set-up process, among the veneers that have been dried, there may be a plurality of veneers having defects such as cracks, knots, and rot, or smaller than a predetermined dimension. Small flaws scattered here and there are circularly removed with a patching machine, then veneered with other sound veneers of the same size and shape, and veneers with splits are repaired by taping. The narrow veneer is made into a veneer of the desired width through lateral joining. In lateral bonding, there is a method of directly joining by cutting the sides of the veneer with a veneer jointer to make them adhere to each other and then taping them or applying an adhesive to the side of the veneer to be joined. For the veneer that has been repaired and cross-joined, the process of combining the veneer, judging, and back plate is performed in consideration of the composition of the veneer according to the specifications of the product.

In plywood, the number of veneer stacks should be at least 3 ply, and the thickness of veneer should be 0.5mm or more and 5mm or less, and the total thickness of plywood should be 2.4mm, 2.7mm, 3.6mm, 4.8mm, 5.2mm, 6mm, 7mm, 7.5mm, 9mm, 11.5mm, 12mm, 15mm, 18mm, 22mm, 24mm, 30mm, 40mm, 50mm, etc. include the standards set by the international standards of plywood.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, the upper and lower plywood (360, 350) are coupled to the upper and lower parts of the wooden frame, but as another example, instead of the upper and lower plywood (360, 350), an OSB (Oriented strand board) plate It may be respectively coupled to the upper and lower portions of the wooden frame. OSB board is a board made by pressing wood particles with waterproof resin.

The styrofoam 370 inserted into the inner space of the wooden frame is made of expanded polystyrene (two types of bead method) material made by foaming polystyrene with a foaming agent.

In this way, the horizontal member 300 is configured and the Styrofoam 370 is inserted into the wooden frame to improve sound insulation and heat insulation.

The horizontal member 300 manufactured as described above is connected between the first beam member 201 and the second beam member 202 .

The first beam member 201 and the second beam member 202 are, for example, connected to the upper part of a column in a wooden house to form a floor structure of a two-story floor or an upper layer thereof, and the first beam member made of wood ( Each of 201) and the second beam member 202 may be made of a single solid wood or may have a laminated wood structure by being made of a right-angled material or a square material made by sawing solid wood on four sides.

When the first and second beam members 201 and 202 have a laminated wood structure, as described above, two or more right angle members or one side of a square member may be joined to each other, and two sides of four right angle members or square members are respectively joined can also be configured. At this time, the right angle material or square material is made by cutting small diameter wood (less than 18cm in diameter) on four sides to make it long vertically, and large diameter wood (more than 30cm in diameter) made by cutting four sides of large diameter wood (diameter of 30cm or more) on four sides. It can be constructed by double bonding the sides of the square and two large-diameter pieces to each other.

In the present invention, the above-described horizontal member 300 is coupled to the first and second beam members 201 and 202, the front edge portion and the rear edge portion of the lower plywood 350 in the horizontal member 300, respectively, the first beam member (201) and coupled to the second beam member (202). Specifically, the front edge of the lower plywood 350 is disposed so as to be in contact with the upper surface of the first beam member 201, and the screw 311 coupled to the upper surface of the upper plywood 360 is the upper plywood 360, the front edge. The square member 310 and the lower plywood 350 are sequentially passed through and are coupled to and fixed to the first beam member 201 . Similarly, the rear edge of the lower plywood 350 is disposed so as to be in contact with the upper surface of the second beam member 202, and the screw 311 coupled to the upper surface of the upper plywood 360 is the upper plywood 360, the rear edge square material. The part 320 and the lower plywood 350 are sequentially passed through and are coupled to and fixed to the second beam member 202 .

Meanwhile, a third beam member (not shown) may be coupled to the left or right edge of the lower plywood 350 in the horizontal member 300 . Specifically, the left edge portion or the right edge portion of the lower plywood 350 is disposed to be in contact with the upper surface of the third beam member, and the screw 311 coupled to the upper surface of the upper plywood 360 is the upper plywood 360, the left The edge square member 330 or the right edge square member 340 and the lower plywood 350 may be sequentially passed through and coupled to and fixed to the third beam member.

The third beam member may be made of a single solid wood, or may have a laminated wood structure, consisting of a right-angled material or a square material made by sawing solid wood on four sides. When the third beam member 210 is made of a laminated wood structure, one side of two or more right-angled members or square members may be vertically joined to form a laminated structure, and in this case, the right-angled members or square members are small-diameter wood (less than 18 cm in diameter). It can be composed by mixing small-gak materials manufactured vertically by cutting on 4 sides and large-hard rectangular materials manufactured by cutting large-diameter wood (over 30cm in diameter) on 4 sides.

A long-term load test was performed on the horizontal diaphragm member 200 for a wooden structure according to the embodiment of the present invention as described above.

6 and 7 show the load test results when applied to the floor and the roof, respectively.

When the horizontal diaphragm member 200 for a wooden structure according to the present invention is applied to the floor, the cross-sectional dimensions of each of the individual parts 310, 320, 330, 340 of the wooden frame in the load test are 2″×6″ or 2″×8 ” was used, and OSB boards were applied for the upper and lower plywoods (360, 350). And, in the test, the horizontal and vertical lengths of the horizontal member 300 are 1220 mm and 2440 mm, respectively, so that the total area is 2.9768 m ^{2 ,} and assuming that the floor load is 5 kPa (residential 3 kPa, neighborhood living facility 4 kPa), the total load is 14884 N (1488.4kgf), so a total of 75 (1488.4/20) 20kgf bricks were used to distribute the load evenly over the area.

When the horizontal diaphragm member 200 for wooden structure is applied to the roof, 2″×10″ was used for the cross-sectional dimensions of each member of the wooden frame as a load test, and OSB boards were applied for the upper and lower plywoods (360, 350). did. And, in the test, the horizontal and vertical lengths of the horizontal member 300 are 1220 mm and 2440 mm, respectively, so that the total area is 2.9768 m ² , and assuming that the roof load is 2 kPa (construction load 1 kPa), the total load is 5953 pa (595.3 kgf) Therefore, a total of 30 (595.3/20) 20 kgf bricks were used to distribute the load evenly over the area.

As a result of the load test, the deflection limit (1/240 of the span (interpolation interval)) even under a load greater than the load applied to the actual structural design in both the floor structure and the roof structure (construction load for residential, neighborhood living facilities, or roof) (5 mm solid line in Fig. 6, 10 mm solid line in Fig. 7), which indicates that the floor structure and roof load with the horizontal diaphragm member installed according to the present invention is safe under the load acting on the actual building.

The horizontal diaphragm member 200 according to the present invention having the configuration as described above can be applied to a two-story floor, a three-story or more floor structure, or a roof member in a wooden structure such as a wooden house, and a horizontal diaphragm member with improved load resistance Structural strength can be strengthened by applying (200).

As mentioned above, although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and is common in the technical field to which the present invention pertains without departing from the gist of the present invention as claimed in the claims. Anyone with knowledge will be able to implement various transformations.

200: horizontal diaphragm member 201: first beam member
202: second beam member 300: horizontal member
310: front rim squaring 320: rear rim squaring
330: left frame square material 340: right frame square material
350: lower plywood 360: upper plywood
370: styrofoam

Claims (10)

As a horizontal diaphragm member for a wooden structure for forming a floor of two or more floors in a wooden building,
Left and right edge square members spaced apart from left and right at regular intervals (330, 340), the front edge square member 310 coupled to the front of the left and right edge square member parts (330, 340), and the left and right edge square member parts (330, 340) a wooden frame including a rear rim square member 320 coupled to the rear;
a lower plywood 350 coupled to the lower portion of the wooden frame;
an upper plywood 360 coupled to the upper portion of the wooden frame; and
Horizontal member 300 including; Styrofoam 370 inserted into the wooden frame between the upper and lower plywood (360, 350);
A first wooden beam member 201 coupled to the front of the horizontal member 300 and coupled to the upper portion of the pillar to connect the pillars in the wooden building;
a second wooden beam member 202 coupled to the rear of the horizontal member 300 and coupled to the upper portion of the pillar to connect the pillars in the wooden building; and
In the horizontal member 300, the wooden third beam member is coupled to the left edge square member 330 or the right edge square member 340 and is coupled to the upper part of the pillar to connect the pillars in the wooden building. do,
The lower surface of the Styrofoam 370 is bonded to the lower plywood 350 with an adhesive,
The upper surface of the Styrofoam 370 is bonded to the upper plywood 360 with an adhesive,
In the horizontal member 300, the front edge portion and the rear edge portion of the lower plywood 350 are coupled to be in contact with the upper surfaces of the first beam member 201 and the second beam member 202, respectively,
Screws 311 coupled to the upper surface of the upper plywood 360 sequentially pass through the upper plywood 360, the front edge square member 310, and the lower plywood 350, and the first beam member 201 ) and fixed to
Screws 311 coupled to the upper surface of the upper plywood 360 sequentially pass through the upper plywood 360, the rear edge square member 320, and the lower plywood 350, and the second beam member 202 ) and fixed horizontal diaphragm members for wooden structures. delete delete delete delete As a horizontal diaphragm member for a wooden structure for forming a floor of two or more floors in a wooden building,
Left and right edge square members spaced apart from left and right at regular intervals (330, 340), the front edge square member 310 coupled to the front of the left and right edge square member parts (330, 340), and the left and right edge square member parts (330, 340) a wooden frame including a rear rim square member 320 coupled to the rear;
a lower OSB plate coupled to a lower portion of the wooden frame;
an upper OSB (OSB) plate coupled to the upper portion of the wooden frame; and
a horizontal member 300 including; Styrofoam 370 inserted into the wooden frame between the upper and lower OSB plates;
A first wooden beam member 201 coupled to the front of the horizontal member 300 and coupled to the upper portion of the pillar to connect the pillars in the wooden building;
a second wooden beam member 202 coupled to the rear of the horizontal member 300 and coupled to the upper portion of the pillar to connect the pillars in the wooden building; and
In the horizontal member 300, the wooden third beam member is coupled to the left edge square member 330 or the right edge square member 340 and is coupled to the upper part of the pillar to connect the pillars in the wooden building. do,
The lower surface of the Styrofoam 370 is bonded to the lower OSB plate with an adhesive,
The upper surface of the Styrofoam 370 is bonded to the upper OSB plate with an adhesive,
In the horizontal member 300, a front edge portion and a rear edge portion of the lower OS bi-plate are coupled to be in contact with the upper surfaces of the first beam member 201 and the second beam member 202, respectively,
Screws 311 coupled to the upper surface of the upper OSBI plate pass through the upper OSBI plate, the front edge square member 310, and the lower OSBI plate sequentially, and are coupled to and fixed to the first beam member 201, ,
A screw 311 coupled to the upper surface of the upper OSB plate passes through the upper OSBI plate, the rear edge square member 320, and the lower OSB plate sequentially and is coupled to and fixed to the second beam member 202 Horizontal diaphragm members for wooden structures. delete delete delete delete

Images