KR102317981B1 - Solar module for building integrated photovoltaic with exterior materials - Google Patents

Abstract

An objective of the present invention is to provide a building integrated photovoltaic module for power generation having an exterior material with high usability as various exterior materials for an actual building exterior wall since the power generation performance and aesthetic characteristics can be increased. To this end, according to the present invention, the building integrated photovoltaic module for photovoltaic power generation having an exterior material installed on an outer wall of a building includes a base plate made of a steel plate material; an insulating layer formed on an upper end of the base plate to provide electrical insulation; a protective layer attached to an upper end of the insulating layer; a rear encapsulation layer formed on an upper end of the protective layer; a plurality of photovoltaic cells attached to an upper end of the rear encapsulation layer; a color encapsulation layer formed on an upper end of the photovoltaic cell; a front protective layer attached to an upper end of the color encapsulation layer to protect the outer surface of the photovoltaic module; an exterior material layer attached to a lower end of the base plate; and a protective outer plate made of a steel plate attached to the lower part of the outer layer.

Description

Solar module for building integrated photovoltaic with exterior materials

The present invention relates to a photovoltaic module for building-integrated photovoltaic power generation having an exterior material, and more particularly, to a photovoltaic module for building-integrated photovoltaic power generation having an exterior material having excellent aesthetics.

In general, photovoltaic power generation includes a solar cell module that directly produces electricity using sunlight, and there are various application products using the same. : Building Integrated Photovoltaic) is widely applied.

As described above, the technology of integrating solar cells into a building makes solar cell modules a building material and applies them to the exterior walls of buildings, thereby increasing economic efficiency as well as various added values, thereby distributing and activating the solar cell system more efficiently.

In other words, in addition to producing and supplying electric energy to consumers with solar energy through a building-integrated solar cell, it is used as an exterior material for buildings to reduce construction costs and provide a unique aesthetic feeling of the building.

In particular, the method of applying this building-integrated photovoltaic power generation system as an exterior material for a building is a method of installing it vertically on the part corresponding to the outer wall of a building, usually called a curtain wall structure, and maximally increasing the power generation efficiency on the existing wall It is classified as a method of installing in an inclined or awning type for safety reasons.

The curtain wall structure in which the solar cell module of the building-integrated photovoltaic system is vertically attached has slightly lower power generation efficiency than the inclined and awning type installation methods, but since it can replace the glass of the curtain wall, a separate installation structure This is not necessary, and the indoor space can be used as efficiently as in an existing building.

As an example of the above configuration, Patent Publication No. 2011-0045520 may be mentioned. The patent includes a solar cell module formed by arranging a plurality of solar cells and provided with a junction box on the side; and a frame having a transom and a mullion configured to support the solar cell module and connect neighboring solar cell modules, wherein the wires drawn out from the junction box are configured to be connected through the transom It relates to a building-integrated photovoltaic exterior material structure.

On the other hand, in terms of architectural design, when a general building-integrated photovoltaic module is mounted on the exterior wall of a building, it provides a unique aesthetic feeling different from the exterior of existing buildings, but the shape of the solar cell inside the module is exposed or dark colors, etc. There is a disadvantage that it is difficult to secure the level of esthetics of general exterior materials that can produce various colors due to the limitations of

In order to overcome the above disadvantages, there is a technology that gives a color layer to the front protective glass of a solar module or controls the reflectance using a micro pattern or a multi-layer structure, etc., but it is difficult to secure both power generation performance and aesthetics at the same time There are disadvantages.

The present invention has been devised to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art as described above, and it can increase the aesthetic characteristics as well as the power generation performance. It aims to provide a solar module.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module for building-integrated photovoltaic power generation having an exterior material installed on an exterior wall of a building, comprising: a base plate made of a steel plate material; an insulating layer formed on the top of the base plate to provide electrical insulation; a protective layer attached to the top of the insulating layer; a rear encapsulation layer formed on top of the protective layer; a plurality of solar cells attached to the top of the rear encapsulation layer; a color encapsulation layer formed on top of the solar cell; a front protective layer attached to the top of the color encapsulation layer to protect the outer surface of the solar module; an exterior material layer attached to the bottom of the base plate; and a protective outer plate made of a steel plate material attached to the lower end of the outer casing layer.

Preferably, the front protective layer is characterized in that the thickness of the low-iron tempered glass of 2.5mm to 5mm.

Preferably, the color encapsulation layer has a thickness of 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm, a lower encapsulation layer formed on the upper end of the solar cell, a color film arranged on top of the lower encapsulation layer, and an upper encapsulation layer formed on the upper end of the color film. characterized by including.

More preferably, the material of the lower encapsulation layer and the upper encapsulation layer is EVA resin or PVB resin.

More preferably, the color film is coated with a liquid inorganic color pigment resin on top of a PET or PC film having a thickness of 0.08 mm to 0.12 mm in a spray method or screen printing method to a thickness of 0.1 μm to 0.3 μm, followed by UV irradiation. characterized in that it is manufactured.

Preferably, the solar cell has a thickness of 0.15 mm to 0.25 mm.

Preferably, the thickness of the rear encapsulation layer is 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm, and the material is EVA resin or PVB resin.

Preferably, the protective layer is characterized in that the thickness of the low-iron tempered glass of 2.5mm to 5mm.

Preferably, the protective layer is a back sheet film having a thickness of 0.5 mm to 0.9 mm.

Preferably, the insulating layer is an EVA resin, PVB resin, or back sheet film having a thickness of 10 μm to 50 μm for insulation between the electrode formed on the rear surface of the solar cell and the base plate.

Preferably, the base plate has a thickness of 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm, and is a color steel plate.

More preferably, the surface of the steel sheet is characterized in that the unevenness for light scattering is formed.

Preferably, the base plate is characterized in that it further comprises an extension extending to the side.

Preferably, the exterior material layer comprises an upper exterior layer made of glass wool or a gypsum board material and a lower exterior material layer made of a vacuum insulation material formed at a lower end of the upper exterior material layer.

The photovoltaic module for building-integrated photovoltaic power generation having an exterior material according to the present invention includes a base plate, an insulating layer, a rear encapsulation layer, a plurality of solar cells, a color encapsulation layer and a front protective layer made of a steel plate material, and The lower part of the base plate is a configuration in which an exterior material for construction is attached, and in particular, the steel plate and the color encapsulation layer can be implemented in various colors. There is no need for a separate construction for the installation of exterior materials on the exterior wall of the building, which has the effect of providing construction efficiency.

1 is an external view of a photovoltaic module for building-integrated photovoltaic power generation provided with an exterior material according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 1,
Figure 3 is another embodiment of the base plate shown in Figure 2,
Figure 4 is another embodiment of the base plate shown in Figure 2,
Figure 5 is another embodiment of the base plate shown in Figure 2,
6 is an explanatory view for explaining a method of manufacturing the color film shown in FIG.
7 is another embodiment of the protective outer plate shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, some embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to exemplary drawings. In adding reference numerals to the components of each drawing, it should be noted that the same components are given the same reference numerals as much as possible even though they are indicated on different drawings. In addition, in describing the embodiment of the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known configuration or function interferes with the understanding of the embodiment of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In addition, in describing the components of the embodiment of the present invention, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), (b), etc. may be used. These terms are only for distinguishing the component from other components, and the essence, order, or order of the component is not limited by the term. When it is described that a component is “connected”, “coupled” or “connected” to another component, the component may be directly connected or connected to the other component, but between each component another component It should be understood that may also be “connected”, “coupled” or “connected”.

The photovoltaic module 100 for a building-integrated photovoltaic power generation having an exterior material according to the present invention is configured in the form of a rectangular flat plate having a constant thickness as shown in FIG. 1 , and various protective layers are formed on the outer surface, and the protective layer Below, a plurality of unit solar cells 1 are arranged at regular intervals on the left and right.

Here, since the protective layer needs to be implemented with a certain transmittance or more to efficiently utilize the solar cell, the unit solar cell 1 is visually exposed to the outside.

In addition, if necessary, the photovoltaic module 100 may be formed of a flat plate of a different shape, but a rectangular shape is most preferable in terms of use as a building exterior material and construction.

On the other hand, the cross-section of the solar module 100 is configured to include a plurality of layers, as shown in FIG.

First, with respect to the base plate 10, the insulating layer 20 formed on the upper end, the protective layer 30 formed on the upper end of the insulating layer 20, and the rear encapsulation layer disposed on the upper end of the protective layer 30 ( 40), a solar cell 1 disposed on top of the rear encapsulation layer 40, a color encapsulation layer 50 disposed on top of the solar cell 1, and a front protection attached to the top of the color encapsulation layer 50 and a layer 60 .

In addition, the color encapsulation layer 50 includes a lower encapsulation layer 51 formed at a lower end, a color film 52 arranged on top of the lower encapsulation layer 51 , and an upper encapsulation formed at the upper end of the color film 52 . and a layer 53 .

On the other hand, the lower end of the base plate 10 is configured to include a casing material layer 70 and a protective outer plate 80 attached to the lower end of the casing material layer 70 .

In addition, the exterior material layer 70 may include an upper exterior material layer 71 and a lower exterior material layer 72 .

Hereinafter, each layer will be described in detail.

Base plate (10)

The base plate 10 serves to support the entire module 100 and to radiate the heat of the solar cell 1 to the outside.

Therefore, the base plate 10 is preferably composed of a steel plate, and in consideration of aesthetic aspects, it is preferable to apply a color steel plate by applying a color to the surface.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3 , the base plate 10 may be formed to extend from the side of the entire solar module 100 , and an appropriate bending is added to the extension 11 to add another solar module. It can be used for the purpose of connection with (100).

In addition, the base plate 10 may induce scattering of incoming light by forming irregularities on the surface of the base plate 10 as shown in FIG. 4 to further increase power generation efficiency.

In addition, the base plate 10 may be coated with a thermally conductive paste on the entire surface, the rear surface, or the entire surface in order to improve heat dissipation characteristics.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 5 , the base plate 10 is configured in a frame shape surrounding the side surface of the module 100 to support the overall structure.

Here, the base plate 10 is determined according to the thickness of the color steel plate to be manufactured, and generally 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm is preferable.

At this time, if the thickness is less than 0.5mm, it is inappropriate because it is disadvantageous in terms of strength.

insulating layer (20)

The insulating layer 20 is a configuration for insulation between the electrode formed on the rear surface of the solar cell 1 and the base plate 10, and has an insulating property of EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) or PVB (polyvinybutyral) It can be formed of a resin material.

In addition, if necessary, it may be composed of a back sheet film including a separate adhesive.

In consideration of the adhesive force between the base layer 10 and the protective layer 30 positioned on the top, the thickness of the insulating layer 20 is preferably in the range of 10 μm to 50 μm.

If the thickness is less than 10㎛, it is inappropriate because there is a possibility that problems may occur in adhesion and insulation, and if the thickness exceeds 50㎛, the manufacturing cost increases due to an excessive increase in thickness, which is inappropriate.

protective layer (30)

The protective layer 30 protects the rear surface of the solar cell 1 and also serves to transfer the heat of the solar cell 1 to the base plate 10 through the insulating layer 10, glass or It may be composed of a back sheet film.

In particular, when it is composed of a back sheet film, a role of absorbing light is additionally performed.

The thickness of the protective layer 30 is formed differently when the glass is applied and when the back sheet film is applied.

First, when using glass, 2.5 mm to 5.0 mm are preferable.

Here, when the thickness is less than 2.5mm, the protective properties are low and inappropriate, and when it exceeds 5mm, it is disadvantageous in terms of weight and is inappropriate.

On the other hand, when the protective layer 30 is composed of a back sheet film, the thickness is preferably 0.5 mm to 0.9 mm.

At this time, when the thickness is less than 0.5mm, the protective properties are low and inappropriate, and when it exceeds 0.9mm, the overall manufacturing cost increases due to the excessive thickness, which is inappropriate.

Back Encapsulation Layer (40)

The rear encapsulation layer 40 serves to protect and fix the solar cell 1 seated on the top, and is made of EVA or PVB resin material.

In particular, the EVA and PVB have excellent impact resistance and stress cracking resistance, have appropriate cushioning properties, and also have excellent adhesion, and have excellent properties for use in encapsulants.

In addition, the thickness of the rear encapsulation layer 40 is preferably 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm.

When the thickness is less than 0.2 mm, the fixing and protection of the solar cell 1 are weak and inadequate, and when the thickness exceeds 0.4 mm, the overall thickness of the solar cell module 100 increases, and the high cost of layer formation occurs and is inappropriate.

Solar cell(1)

The solar cell 1 is manufactured by continuously disposing pre-fabricated unit solar cells on top of the rear encapsulation layer 20, and can be implemented in various thicknesses depending on the applied product, usually 0.15 mm to 0.25 mm products. Many are manufactured, and it is preferable to form a uniform thickness with respect to the entire area.

Color Encapsulation Layer (50)

The color encapsulation layer 50 is disposed on the top of the solar cell 1 to determine the color of the outer surface of the solar cell module 100, and serves to protect the front surface of the solar cell 1, the lower encapsulation layer ( 51), a color film 52 disposed on the upper end of the lower encapsulation layer 51, and an upper encapsulation layer 53 formed on the upper end of the color film 52.

The total thickness of the color encapsulation layer 50 is preferably 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm similar to that of the rear encapsulation layer 30 .

In addition, it is preferable to make the same EVA resin or PVB resin material except for the color film 52 formed in the middle.

The color film 52 is preferably disposed at the center of the entire color encapsulation layer 50 . That is, it is preferable that the lower encapsulation layer 51 and the upper encapsulation layer 53 are made of the same material and have a similar thickness.

The color film 52 is manufactured in the form of applying a color pigment to the surface of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film or a poly carbonate (PC) film.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6 , a PET or PC film having a thickness of 0.08 mm to 0.12 mm is first prepared, and then a liquid inorganic color pigment resin is applied on the top of the film by a spray method or a screen printing method.

And after completion of the pigment diagram, it is manufactured by irradiating UV to harden the applied pigment.

Here, when the thickness of the film is less than 0.08 mm, the strength of the film is weak and inappropriate, and when the thickness exceeds 0.12 mm, it is inappropriate in terms of flexibility and price of the film.

And the pigment is preferably applied to the top of the film in a thickness range of 0.1㎛ to 0.3㎛.

Here, when the thickness is 0.1㎛, the color characteristics are weak and inappropriate, and when it exceeds 0.3㎛, the transmittance is lowered and the power generation efficiency is lowered, which is inappropriate.

In addition, the color encapsulation layer 50 may be integrally manufactured through a lamination process (1 atm environment at around 150° C.), and when manufactured integrally, process conditions and materials so that the light transmittance in the visible region is 70% or more select them appropriately.

When the color encapsulation layer 50 is integrally manufactured through the lamination process as described above, the color film 52 is absorbed by the lower encapsulation layer 51 and the upper encapsulation layer 53, leaving only the color characteristics and the entire color encapsulation layer The thickness of (50) does not rise.

front protective layer (60)

The front protective layer 60 is disposed on the front surface of the solar module 100 and serves to protect the module from being lost by the external environment. advantageous in

In the present invention, low iron tempered glass is applied, and the thickness is preferably 2.5mm to 5mm. If the thickness is less than 2.5mm, the protective properties are low and inappropriate, and if it exceeds 5mm, it is disadvantageous in terms of weight and is inappropriate.

In addition, it is preferable to select a glass having high transparency that does not include a separate color.

On the other hand, an exterior material layer 70 and a protective exterior plate 80 are attached to the lower end of the base plate 10, and the two layers serve as exterior materials of the building, and the characteristics of each floor are as follows.

Exterior material layer (70)

The exterior material layer 70 is attached to the lower end of the upper exterior material layer 71 and the upper exterior material layer 71 attached to the base plate 10 by an adhesive, etc. It may include a lower facing material layer 72 that is.

Since the exterior material layer 70 may have a different thickness according to an applied material, the thickness does not need to be particularly limited.

The upper exterior material layer 71 may be made of glass wool or a gypsum board material.

Since glass wool and gypsum board are used as exterior materials for many constructions, it is possible to select and configure an appropriate product.

In addition, the lower facing material layer 72 is a heat insulating layer attached in addition to the upper facing material 71, it is preferable to apply a vacuum insulating material.

Since the vacuum insulator has high thermal insulation properties and various products have been released, thickness and specific materials can be selected in consideration of the characteristics of the building to be constructed.

If necessary, the exterior material layer 70 may be composed of only one of the upper exterior material layer 71 and the lower exterior material layer 72 .

Protective outer plate (80)

The protective outer plate 80 serves to protect the exposed surface of the outer casing layer 70, and is preferably made of a steel plate material.

The thickness can be appropriately selected, but the same 0.5mm to 2.0mm as the base plate 10 is preferable.

If necessary, a separate painting may be added to the outer surface to prevent rust, or a plated steel sheet may be used.

As shown in FIG. 7 , the protective outer plate 80 may also be configured to surround the side surface of the exterior material layer 70 .

What has been described above is only an embodiment for implementing the photovoltaic module for building-integrated photovoltaic power generation provided with the exterior material according to the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and is claimed in the claims below. Without departing from the gist of the present invention, any person skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will have the technical spirit of the present invention to the extent that it can be implemented with various modifications.

1: solar cell 10: base plate
20: insulating layer 30: protective layer
40: rear encapsulation layer 50: color encapsulation layer
51: lower encapsulation layer 52: color film
53: upper encapsulation layer 60: front protective layer
70: exterior material layer 71: upper exterior material layer
72: lower exterior material layer 80: protective outer layer
100: solar module

Claims (14)

In the photovoltaic module for building-integrated photovoltaic power generation having an exterior material installed on the outer wall of the building,
a base plate made of a steel plate material;
an insulating layer formed on the top of the base plate to provide electrical insulation;
a protective layer attached to the top of the insulating layer;
a rear encapsulation layer formed on top of the protective layer;
a plurality of solar cells attached to the top of the rear encapsulation layer;
a color encapsulation layer formed on top of the solar cell;
a front protective layer attached to the top of the color encapsulation layer to protect the outer surface of the solar module;
an exterior material layer attached to the bottom of the base plate; and
Including a protective outer plate made of a steel plate material attached to the lower end of the exterior material layer,
The exterior material layer includes an upper exterior layer made of glass wool or a gypsum board material and a lower exterior material layer made of a vacuum insulation material formed at the bottom of the upper exterior material layer,
The color encapsulation layer has a thickness of 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm, and includes a lower encapsulation layer formed on the upper end of the solar cell, a color film arranged on the upper end of the lower encapsulation layer, and an upper encapsulation layer formed on the upper end of the color film,
The material of the lower encapsulation layer and the upper encapsulation layer is EVA resin or PVB resin,
The color encapsulation layer is integrally manufactured by a lamination process,
The protective layer is a low-iron tempered glass having a thickness of 2.5 mm to 5 mm or a back sheet film having a thickness of 0.5 mm to 0.9 mm,
The insulating layer is an EVA resin, PVB resin or back sheet film having a thickness of 10 μm to 50 μm for insulation between the electrode formed on the rear surface of the solar cell and the base plate,
The base plate has a thickness of 0.5mm to 2.0mm, and a building-integrated photovoltaic module for solar power generation having an exterior material, characterized in that it is a color steel plate.
The photovoltaic module for building-integrated photovoltaic power generation having an exterior material according to claim 1, wherein the front protective layer is made of low iron tempered glass having a thickness of 2.5 mm to 5 mm.
delete delete The method according to claim 1, wherein the color film is a 0.08mm to 0.12mm thick PET or PC film on top of a liquid inorganic color pigment resin is applied to a thickness of 0.1㎛ to 0.3㎛ by a spray method or screen printing method, followed by UV irradiation A photovoltaic module for building-integrated photovoltaic power generation having an exterior material, characterized in that it is manufactured.
The photovoltaic module for building-integrated photovoltaic power generation having an exterior material according to claim 1, wherein the solar cell has a thickness of 0.15 mm to 0.25 mm.
delete delete delete delete delete The photovoltaic module for building-integrated photovoltaic power generation having an exterior material according to claim 1, wherein irregularities for scattering light are formed on the surface of the steel plate.
The photovoltaic module for building-integrated photovoltaic power generation having an exterior material according to claim 1, wherein the base plate further comprises an extension extending laterally.
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