KR102314331B1 - A tunnel construction method using a steel chamber machine for FrontJacking construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tunnel construction method using a steel machine for the front jacking method. More particularly, the present invention relates to a tunnel construction method using a steel machine for the front jacking method, which simplified the scale of construction equipment to allow tunnel construction in a narrow space, to secure work safety during excavation work and to minimize the influx of muck. To this end, according to the present invention, provided is a tunnel construction method using a steel machine for the front jacking method, which comprises the steps of: (a) installing a vertical sphere; (b) descending, into the vertical sphere, a steel machine consisting of a distal shoe inclined downward in the direction opposite to the excavation surface and a housing divided into a plurality of parts, and an excavation means; (c) excavating the excavation surface through the excavation means; (d) making the steel machine propulsion as much as the excavation is made through the step (c); and (e) propelling the steel machine step by step, and performing segment construction step by step as much as the steel machine is propelled.

Description

Tunnel construction method using a steel machine for the FrontJacking method {A tunnel construction method using a steel chamber machine for FrontJacking construction method}

The present invention relates to a tunnel construction method using a steel machine for the FrontJacking method, and more particularly, to a tunnel construction using a steel machine for the FrontJacking method so that tunnel construction can be safely performed in a narrow space. it's about how

In general, various methods are used in the construction of tunnels used for roads or railroads, and basically, a method of using a tunnel excavator or using explosives to destroy hard rock and mechanical excavation is used.

As a method for excavating a tunnel, there is a conventional method, American Steel Support Method (ASSM), and the latest method includes a New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM), a Tunnel Boring Machine method (TBM), and the like.

Among them, the TBM method is a mechanical excavation method that excavates rock by crushing or cutting with a front-end tunnel excavator in a rock tunnel. Support materials can be significantly reduced. TBM refers to a machine that continuously performs excavation, loading and supporting operations by rotating a cutter head equipped with a number of disk cutters on the front. The TBM method is advantageous in constructing long tunnels compared to blast excavation. Recently, the excavation of tunnels and underground spaces has replaced the existing blasting method for the purpose of increasing worker stability, reducing civil complaints due to noise and vibration, and reducing air and utility costs. The trend of mechanized construction by

However, since the tunnel construction method using the above-described TBM uses a large equipment called TBM, there is a problem in that the construction cost increases. In addition, in the conventional tunnel construction method using TBM, it is necessary to secure a large amount of space for various plants and large excavation equipment such as sewage treatment facility, filt press, descend, backfill plant, and silo. When the space is narrow, there is a problem in that it is difficult to perform the construction smoothly. In addition, if there is no reaching vertical hole, the tunnel construction method using the TBM is difficult to construct because the TBM cannot be dismantled and taken out.

In addition, the tunnel construction method using the above-described TBM has a problem in that it is difficult to visually check the soil quality change of the makjang.

Republic of Korea Registration No. 10-2139716

The present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to miniaturize the construction equipment, remove the cutter head mounted on the front of the TBM, and simplify it with a steel machine with an open front chamber, in an open space FrontJacking allows for immediate response to risk factors while visually checking changes in soil quality, and by providing the steel machine in the chamber can be divided and assembled, so that tunnel construction can be done safely even in a narrow space This is to provide a tunnel construction method using a steel machine for construction methods.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a construction method that can be connected to an object to be connected underground even when it is not possible to connect a tunnel in the middle by excavating a tunnel in both directions or install a vertical hole in the reaching part, thereby widening the range of application of front jacking (FrontJacking) This is to provide a tunnel construction method using a steel machine for construction method.

The present invention, in order to achieve the above object, (a) the step of installing a vertical sphere; (b) a steel machine consisting of a distal shoe inclined downward in the direction opposite to the excavation surface and a housing divided into a plurality of parts, and the excavating means descending into the vertical sphere; (c) excavating the excavation surface through excavation means; (d) step (c) is made as much as the excavated steel machine propulsion through step; and (e) the steel machine is propelled step by step, and the segment construction is performed step by step as much as the steel machine is propelled, wherein the drilling means is a crushing equipment for impact, wherein the segment has the excavated ground floor A balance ball is formed toward the side, and the operator inserts and fixes a round bar into the ground floor through the balance hole to maintain the height of a plurality of segments uniformly in the longitudinal direction of the excavation vacuum, and the enclosure is located in the longitudinal direction of the enclosure and the top of the enclosure , It is divided in the downward direction, and in the step (b), only a part of the housing of the steel machine is lowered and assembled with the tip shoe, and the step (d) is, (d-1) only a part of the steel machine connected and assembled with the tip shoe The first excavation step being promoted; (d-2) after securing the vertical sphere space through the first excavation step, the remaining housing of the steel machine is lowered and assembled in a part of the housing to complete the steel machine; and (d-3) a second excavation step in which the completed steel machine is propelled, wherein the segments are provided in a divided plurality, and the inter-segment assembly is performed through a segment assembling robot, wherein the segment assembling robot comprises: It is composed of tongs for gripping and a multi-axis joint, and a hydraulic cylinder and a reinforcement plate are installed in a plurality of divisions on the tip shoe so that they can move straight toward the excavation surface, and the divided reinforcement plate is drawn out to the front of the tip shoe and drilled. It is embedded in the surface to resist the earth pressure, and to minimize the influx of collapsing rocks that may occur during the excavation process into the steel machine, the steel machine is composed of a circular frame and is formed at the rear end of the steel machine. , a guide groove formed in a form cut from the rear end of the steel machine to prevent rotation in the circumferential direction when the steel machine is propulsion; a guide plate formed on both sides of the guide groove and bent toward the guide groove from the outside of the guide groove on the basis of the guide groove; It provides a tunnel construction method using a steel machine for the front jacking method, characterized in that it is located in the guide groove portion and includes a concrete bar supported on the guide plate.

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In addition, it is preferable that the vertical sphere is constructed on both sides, the tunnel construction is performed on the vertical spheres on both sides, and the welding of the finishing wall can be made at the point where the tip shoes of both sides meet.

The tunnel 　 construction method using a steel machine for the FrontJacking method according to the present invention does not use large excavating equipment such as TBM, so it is possible to simplify a series of tunnel construction and to reduce the construction cost. .

In addition, the tunnel 　 construction method using a steel machine for the FrontJacking method has the effect of increasing the efficiency of tunnel construction in a relatively narrow work space.

1 is a flowchart illustrating a tunnel construction method using a steel machine for a front jacking method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2a is a view showing a steel machine provided for a tunnel construction method using a steel machine for the front jacking (FrontJacking) method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2b is a view showing another example of the steel machine provided for the tunnel construction method using the steel machine for the front jacking (FrontJacking) method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a view showing a tunnel construction method using a steel machine for front jacking (FrontJacking) method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
4A and 4B are views illustrating a state in which a reinforcement plate is installed in a steel machine provided for a tunnel construction method using a steel machine for a FrontJacking method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4c is a front view showing another example of the steel machine according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a photograph showing a state in which a segment assembly robot provided for a tunnel construction method using a steel machine for a FrontJacking method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention assembles a segment.
6 is a view showing a segment of a tunnel construction method using a steel machine for the FrontJacking method from the front according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a view showing the tail brush so as not to flow out of the steel machine when the filling material is injected into the injection hole in the steel machine of the tunnel construction method using the front jacking method steel machine according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention; am.

The terms or words used in the present specification and claims are not to be construed as limited in their ordinary or dictionary meanings, and on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concept of the term in order to best describe his invention. It should be interpreted as meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention.

Hereinafter, a tunnel construction method (hereinafter referred to as a 'tunnel construction method') using a steel machine for a FrontJacking method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying FIGS. 1 to 6 . .

The tunnel construction method of the present invention enables the excavation to be made through the percussion fracturing equipment, thereby reducing the size of the construction equipment and reducing the construction cost.

First, the operator excavates the ground and prepares a vertical sphere as shown in FIG. 3A ( S100 ) At this time, since the present invention does not require large excavating equipment, it is not necessary to provide a large diameter of the vertical sphere. Accordingly, the present invention can shorten the construction period even when providing a vertical sphere.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3b , the operator constructs a working space and a reaction arm for excavation in a vertical sphere, and inserts a steel pipe (P) in the upper part of the excavation surface to construct. Insertion of the steel pipe (P) is a construction for reinforcement in order to prevent the ground from falling during tunnel excavation if necessary in consideration of the ground condition of the tunnel excavation part.

Next, the operator lowers the various equipment for excavation into a vertical sphere as shown in FIG. 3C. (S110) At this time, various equipment refers to the excavation equipment 100 for excavation, the steel machine 200, and the segment 300, the segment assembly robot 400, and the like. At this time, the present invention is an excavation method, a method using hitting and crushing, the excavation equipment 100 is provided with a crushing crushing equipment. For example, impact crushing equipment includes backhoe loaders and excavators. On the other hand, for excavation, the steel machine 200 is lowered into a vertical sphere, and the steel machine 200 includes a housing 210 , a tip shoe 220 and a hydraulic jack 230 as shown in FIG. 2A . . The enclosure 210 secures a working space for excavation, and is provided as a metal plate. The housing 210 is divided into a plurality of parts. As the housing 210 is divided into a plurality of parts, even if the diameter of the vertical sphere is somewhat small, the steel machine 200 can be put into the vertical sphere without unreasonableness. At this time, the housing 210 is divided into a plurality in the longitudinal direction of the housing 210, as well as in the upper and lower directions of the housing 210, as shown in Figure 2a. In this way, as the housing 210 is divided and configured in detail, it is possible to effectively utilize the working space during the excavation work in the vertical sphere. That is, since the steel machine 200 can be put into the vertical sphere with priority as shown in FIG. 3C , there is an advantage that the rear space of the steel machine 200 can be secured. That is, even if the vertical sphere is narrow, only a portion of the steel machine 200 can be pushed first. The distal shoe 220 constitutes the distal end of the steel machine 200, and is formed to be inclined downwardly toward the inside of the distal shoe 220 with respect to the excavation surface. The shape of the tip shoe 220 is similar to a trapezoid when viewed from the side.

On the other hand, it is preferable that the reinforcing plate 500 is installed on the tip shoe 220 . The reinforcing plate 500 minimizes the inflow of the rock mass, that is, the rock collapsed by the joint of the rock, etc., into the steel machine 200 due to the impact vibration of the excavation equipment generated during the excavation process, and reinforces the perimeter of the excavation surface for excavation. It is designed to ensure that work can be done safely. The reinforcing plate 500 is installed so as to protrude from the tip shoe 220 toward the excavation front as shown in FIG. 4A, and is installed in plurality along the circumference of the tip shoe 220 as shown in FIG. 4B. desirable. The reinforcing plate 500 may be installed only on the upper portion and both sides of the tip shoe 220 due to its characteristics. The reinforcing plate 500 is installed so that it can move in a straight line by the power of the driving means 500a installed in the structure, such as the rib of the tip shoe 220 . The driving means 500a is preferably a hydraulic cylinder. The reinforcing plate 500 is preferably provided in the form of a metal plate, and reinforcing ribs 510 are preferably installed on both sides of the bottom surface of the reinforcing plate 500 for rigidity of the reinforcing plate 500 . The reinforcing plate 500 of this configuration allows the operator to selectively protrude forward of the tip shoe 220 and to be embedded in the drilling surface according to the nature of the drilling surface to prevent a fall or to stagger the steel machine 200 as described above. Inflow into the interior can be minimized.

The shape of the steel machine 200 is not particularly limited, and may be provided in the form of a rectangular frame as shown in FIG. 2A, or may be provided in the form of a circular frame as shown in FIG. 2B. . At this time, when the steel machine 200 is configured in a circular frame, both the housing 210 and the tip shoe 220 may be formed in a circular shape. At this time, the circular steel machine 200 also includes a reinforcing plate 500 as shown in FIG. 4c and is dividedly configured. The reinforcing plate 500 is installed along the circumference of the circular tip shoe 220 , and like the rectangular steel machine 200 , it may not be installed in the lower part of the tip shoe 220 . It is preferable that a guide groove 240 for maintaining a balance when the steel machine 200 is pushed is formed at the rear end of the circular steel machine 200, as shown in FIG. 2b. The guide groove 240 is configured to prevent rotation in the circumferential direction due to the characteristics of the circular steel machine 200 , and is formed in a shape cut from the rear end of the steel machine 200 . It is preferable that guide plates 250 are installed on both sides of the guide groove 240 based on the guide groove 240 . The guide plate 250 is a portion supported by the concrete bar 260 as shown in FIG. 2B , and is preferably provided in the form of an angle bent from the outside of the guide groove 240 toward the guide groove 240 . At this time, the lower portion of the guide plate 250 is made in a horizontal state having the same height from the ground. If, after pushing the steel machine 200, the segment 300 exiting from the steel machine 200 can be balanced only with a bolt for connecting to the segment 300 at the rear, the guide groove 240 may not be installed. something to do. At this time, the concrete bar 260 for adjusting the segment height is installed immediately after the segment 300 comes out of the steel machine 200 .

On the other hand, the operator operates the crushing crushing equipment 100 to excavate the excavation surface. (S120) In this case, the operator may perform the excavation quickly by performing the excavation work using the backhoe loader and the excavator. At this time, the excavation length may be any length into which only a part of the steel machine 200 can be inserted. That is, assuming that the vertical sphere is narrow, since the excavation is for securing the rear space of the steel machine 200, as shown in FIGS. 3c and 3d, only a portion of the housing 210 is lowered to the vertical sphere After securing the excavation space, the steel machine 200 is first propelled. (S130) At this time, the operator omits the upper part of the housing 210 and descends to more effectively secure the working space for excavation. That is, since the upper part of the housing 210 can be omitted, it is possible to avoid interference with the upper part of the housing 210 during the excavation equipment 100 , for example, an excavator operation, thereby increasing the efficiency of the excavation operation. Then, the operator interposes the spacer between the reaction arm and the steel machine 200 .

Next, when the rear space of the steel machine 200 is secured through the primary propulsion of the steel machine 200, the operator lowers the rest of the steel machine 200 into a vertical sphere, as shown in FIG. 3e, the steel machine ( 200) is completed.

Next, the operator performs a secondary excavation operation to completely propel the completed steel machine 200 to the excavation surface as shown in FIG. 3f ( S140 ). For this, the operator first, as shown in FIG. 4a Similarly, the reinforcing plate 500 is protruded forward of the distal shoe 220 and press-fitted into the excavation surface. At this time, the straight movement of the reinforcing plate 500 is a case in which the nature of the excavation surface is rock. At this time, for understanding the nature of the excavation surface, it may be a visual confirmation based on the operator's experience, and it may be confirmed through a hydraulic check that acts when the reinforcing plate 500 moves straight. The entire reinforcing plate 500 may protrude from the tip shoe 220. At this time, when the nature of the entire excavation surface is mixed with soil and rock, the protrusion length of the entire reinforcing plate 500 is different. can do. Thereafter, when the reinforcing plate 500 is press-fitted into the excavation surface, the operator excavates the excavation surface through the excavation equipment 100 and operates the hydraulic jack 230 of the steel machine 200 using the spacer as a reaction force to operate the steel machine. (200) is excavated for the second time.

Next, after the steel machine 200 is completely inserted into the excavation surface, the operator pushes the steel machine 200 step by step by repeating the above-described series of excavation operations. At this time, as the steel machine 200 is propelled, a space in the rear of the steel machine 200 is secured step by step, and the operator places the segment 300 in the rear space of the steel machine 200 as shown in FIG. 3G . Assembly and construction. (S150) At this time, as shown in FIG. 5 , the segment 300 assembly is performed through the segment assembly robot 400 . The segment assembly robot 400 is preferably composed of a tongs 410 for gripping the segment 300 and a multi-axis joint 420 . The power source of the tongs 410 and the multi-axis joint 420 is preferably a hydraulic cylinder, and the multi-axis joint 420 is installed so that it can be rotated about an axis, and is installed so that it can be rotated horizontally on the excavation ground. The operator can easily position the divided segment 300 through the segment assembly robot 400 , and can easily and quickly assemble between the segments 300 .

On the other hand, the segment 300 is formed with a balance hole 310 and an injection hole 320 as shown in FIG. 6 . The balance hole 310 is to make the height of the plurality of segments 300 uniform in the longitudinal direction of the excavation vacuum when the segment 300 is constructed, and is configured such that the round bar L is passed through and fixed by welding. That is, when the segment 300 is constructed, the segment 300 sags downward by its own weight, and since the ground of the excavation vacuum floor is uneven, the height of the segment 300 in the excavation direction may not be uniform, and the round bar (L) ) can be fixed to the bottom of the excavation vacuum to balance the segment 300 . To this end, the operator inserts the round bar (L) into the balance hole 310 as shown in FIG. 6 and welds the round bar (L) to the segment 300 in a state where it is fixed to the bottom of the excavation vacuum. (S160) . At this time, the segment is not necessarily limited to a steel segment, and may be provided as a concrete segment, that is, a precast (PC) concrete segment. When provided as precast concrete, a metal cylindrical cap (not shown) corresponding to the diameter of the round bar L is fixed to the balance ball 310 and provided.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3h, the operator backfills the gap generated between the excavation vacuum around the steel machine 200 and the segment 300, which is generated by excavating the excavation surface with a hitting and crushing equipment. (S170) That is, the operator injects a filling material such as grout material or urethane into the gap between the steel machine 200 and the segment 300 and the excavation side to perform the filling operation. At this time, the steel machine 200 has a hydraulic jack 230 for propulsion of the steel machine, a pump and a panel for operating the hydraulic jack, and a hydraulic cylinder 500a for driving the reinforcement plate 500. An injection hole (not shown) is formed. On the other hand, the tail brush 270 is installed so that the filler injected into the injection hole does not flow out to the front and rear of the steel machine 200 . As the filling material used, a material with low viscosity should be selected so that it does not interfere with the propulsion of the steel machine due to the viscosity of the material. In addition, the segment 300 has an injection hole 320 for injecting the filler at a position not interfering with the balance hole 310 . Thereby, tunnel construction in one direction is completed.

In this series of construction, as shown in FIG. 3i , it is preferable to provide vertical spheres in opposite directions to perform the same even when tunnel construction is required at the same time. Accordingly, the excavation vacuum meets in both directions, and the tip shoe 220 of the steel machine 200 abuts as shown in FIG. 3i. (S180)

Next, the operator welds and constructs the finishing wall 600 as shown in FIG. 3j in the blank of the portion where the tip shoe 220 abuts, (S190) by performing the finishing work inside the tunnel, (S200) the tunnel construction is completed

As described so far, the tunnel construction method using the steel machine for the FrontJacking method according to the present invention uses a steel machine by assembling it in a vertical sphere, and by using small and medium-sized excavating equipment, construction in a narrow working space is easy. can be done In addition, the tunnel construction method using a steel machine for the FrontJacking method can safely secure a working environment through the reinforcing plate protruding from the steel machine.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with respect to the described embodiments, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention, and it is natural that such variations and modifications belong to the appended claims.

100: excavation equipment 200: steel machine
210: shell 220: tip shoe
230: hydraulic jack 240: guide groove
250: guide plate 260: concrete bar
300: segment 310: balance ball
320: injection hole 400: segment assembly robot
410: forceps 420: multiaxial joint
500: reinforcing plate 500a: driving means (hydraulic cylinder)
510: reinforcing rib 600: finishing wall
L : Round bar 270 : Tail brush

Claims (6)

(a) a step in which the vertical sphere is installed;
(b) a steel machine consisting of a distal shoe inclined downward in the direction opposite to the excavation surface and a housing divided into a plurality of parts, and the excavating means descending into the vertical sphere;
(c) excavating the excavation surface through excavation means;
(d) step (c) is made as much as the excavated steel machine propulsion through step; and
(e) the steel machine is propelled in stages, and the segment construction is carried out in stages as much as the steel machine is propelled,
The excavation means is characterized in that the crushing equipment for striking,
A balance ball is formed in the segment toward the excavated ground floor,
A worker inserts a round bar into the ground floor through the balance hole and fixes it to maintain a uniform height of a plurality of segments in the longitudinal direction of the excavation vacuum,
The housing is divided into the longitudinal direction of the housing and the upper and lower directions of the housing,
In the step (b), only a part of the housing of the steel machine is lowered and assembled with the tip shoe,
Step (d) is,
(d-1) a first excavation step in which only a part of the steel machine connected and assembled with the tip shoe is propelled;
(d-2) after securing the vertical sphere space through the first excavation step, the remaining housing of the steel machine is lowered and assembled in a part of the housing to complete the steel machine; and
(d-3) including a second excavation step in which the completed steel machine is propelled,
The segment is provided in a plurality of divided segments, and the assembly between segments is made through a segment assembling robot, and the segment assembling robot is composed of tongs for gripping the segment and a multi-axis joint,
A plurality of hydraulic cylinders and reinforcing plates are dividedly installed on the distal shoe to move straight toward the excavation surface, and the divided reinforcing plates are drawn out to the front of the distal shoe, respectively, are embedded in the excavation surface to resist earth pressure, and the excavation process In order to minimize the influx of rust that may occur in the steel machine,
The steel machine is composed of a circular frame,
a guide groove formed at the rear end of the steel machine and cut out from the rear end of the steel machine to prevent rotation in the circumferential direction when the steel machine is pushed;
a guide plate formed on both sides of the guide groove and bent toward the guide groove from the outside of the guide groove on the basis of the guide groove;
A tunnel construction method using a steel machine for a front jacking method, characterized in that it includes a concrete bar positioned in the guide groove portion and supported on the guide plate. delete delete delete delete According to claim 1,
The vertical sphere is constructed on both sides,
A tunnel construction method using a steel machine for the FrontJacking method, characterized in that the tunnel construction is made at the vertical spheres on both sides, and the welding of the finishing wall is made at the point where the tip shoes of both sides meet.

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