KR102313369B1 - Reactivity controlled synthetic method of 1-nitropyrazole - Google Patents

Reactivity controlled synthetic method of 1-nitropyrazole Download PDF

Info

Publication number
KR102313369B1
KR102313369B1 KR1020210048454A KR20210048454A KR102313369B1 KR 102313369 B1 KR102313369 B1 KR 102313369B1 KR 1020210048454 A KR1020210048454 A KR 1020210048454A KR 20210048454 A KR20210048454 A KR 20210048454A KR 102313369 B1 KR102313369 B1 KR 102313369B1
Authority
KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
nitropyrazole
present
nitric acid
reaction
temperature
Prior art date
Application number
KR1020210048454A
Other languages
Korean (ko)
Inventor
권국태
원영대
유해욱
Original Assignee
국방과학연구소
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 국방과학연구소 filed Critical 국방과학연구소
Priority to KR1020210048454A priority Critical patent/KR102313369B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of KR102313369B1 publication Critical patent/KR102313369B1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D231/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings
    • C07D231/02Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D231/10Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D231/14Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D231/16Halogen atoms or nitro radicals

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for preparing 1-nitropyrazole having controlled reactivity. The method for preparing 1-nitropyrazole according to the present invention is characterized by introducing nitric acid to a reaction mixture of pyrazole, acetic acid and acetic anhydride. According to the present invention, a relatively smaller amount of acetic acid is used as compared to conventional known methods, and a degree of reaction is controlled mildly, and thus nitric acid can be added rapidly at a relatively higher temperature as compared to the conventional known methods. Therefore, the method for preparing 1-nitropyrazole having controlled reactivity according to the present invention is advantageous in that the method allows safe scale-up as compared to conventional reaction conditions showing a high risk in terms of scale-up due to a vigorous exothermic reaction.

Description

반응성이 조절된 1-니트로피라졸의 제조방법{Reactivity controlled synthetic method of 1-nitropyrazole}Method for producing 1-nitropyrazole with controlled reactivity {Reactivity controlled synthetic method of 1-nitropyrazole}

본 발명은 반응성이 조절된 1-니트로피라졸의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for preparing 1-nitropyrazole with controlled reactivity.

에너지물질 분야에서 3,4-다이니트로피라졸(3,4-dinitropyrazole)은 용융충전화약인 TNT(2,4,6-trinitrotoluene)을 대체할 매우 중요한 분자화약 후보물질로 여겨진다.In the field of energy materials, 3,4-dinitropyrazole is considered as a very important molecular explosives candidate to replace TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene), which is a molten filler.

3,4-다이니트로피라졸을 합성하기 위해서는 핵심 중간체인 1-니트로피라졸(1-nitropyrazole)을 거쳐야 하는데, 기존에 알려진 1-니트로피라졸의 합성조건은 피라졸(pyrazole)과 아세트산(acetic acid) 혼합물을 낮은 온도로 만들고 저온을 유지하면서 질산(nitric acid)을 천천히 적가한 후에 아세트산 무수물(acetic anhydride)을 첨가하거나(하기 반응식 1), 아세트산을 전혀 사용하지 않는 일부 수정된 방법이 있다.In order to synthesize 3,4-dinitropyrazole, a key intermediate, 1-nitropyrazole, must be passed. The known synthesis conditions for 1-nitropyrazole are pyrazole and acetic acid. acid) mixture is brought to a low temperature and nitric acid is slowly added dropwise while maintaining a low temperature, and then acetic anhydride is added (Scheme 1 below), or there are some modified methods that do not use acetic acid at all.

[반응식 1][Scheme 1]

Figure 112021043441418-pat00001
Figure 112021043441418-pat00001

상기 실험방법들은 질산 첨가 단계에서 매우 격렬한 반응을 동반하여 반응의 큰 발열량 때문에 질산을 매우 천천히 첨가해야 한다는 단점이 있고, 질산 첨가에 따라 순간적으로 많은 고체가 석출됨에 따라 지역적인 열축적이 일어날 뿐만 아니라 교반이 잘 이루어지지 않아 스케일업(scale-up)공정에 있어 매우 불리한 문제점이 있다.The above experimental methods have the disadvantage that nitric acid must be added very slowly due to the large calorific value of the reaction accompanied by a very vigorous reaction in the nitric acid addition step. There is a very disadvantageous problem in the scale-up process because the stirring is not performed well.

FR 3085477 A1FR 3085477 A1

Pyrazoles. VIII. Rearrangement of iV-Nitropyrazoles. The Formation of 3-Nitropyrazoles (The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1971, 36, 3081-3084)

Figure 112021043441418-pat00002
Figure 112021043441418-pat00003
Pyrazles, XII, The Preparation of 3(5)-Nitropyrazles by Thermal Rearrangement of N-Nitropyrazoles (The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1973, 38, 1777-1782) Isomers of Dinitropyrazoles: Synthesis, Comparison and Tuning of their Physicochemical Properties (ChemPlusChem, 2018, 83, 804-011) Bis(dinitropyrazolyl)methanes as Stable High Energy Materials (Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, 2017, 38, 751-755) Pyrazoles. VIII. Rearrangement of iV-Nitropyrazoles. The Formation of 3-Nitropyrazoles (The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1971, 36, 3081-3084)
Figure 112021043441418-pat00002
Figure 112021043441418-pat00003
Pyrazles, XII, The Preparation of 3(5)-Nitropyrazles by Thermal Rearrangement of N-Nitropyrazoles (The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1973, 38, 1777-1782) Isomers of Dinitropyrazoles: Synthesis, Comparison and Tuning of their Physicochemical Properties (ChemPlusChem, 2018, 83, 804-011) Bis(dinitropyrazolyl)methanes as Stable High Energy Materials (Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, 2017, 38, 751-755)

이에 본 발명자들은 상술한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 기존 공지의 제조방법 대비 상대적으로 적은 양의 아세트산을 사용하면서도 반응 정도를 조절하는 온화한 반응조건을 통해 스케일업이 용이한 합성방법을 발견하여 본 발명을 완성하였다.Accordingly, the present inventors have completed the present invention by discovering a synthesis method that is easy to scale-up through mild reaction conditions that control the degree of reaction while using a relatively small amount of acetic acid compared to the conventionally known manufacturing method in order to solve the above problems. did.

본 발명의 목적은 반응성이 조절된 1-니트로피라졸의 제조방법을 제공하는 것이다.It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing 1-nitropyrazole with controlled reactivity.

상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여,In order to achieve the above object,

본 발명은 피라졸, 아세트산 및 무수 아세트산의 반응 혼합물에 질산을 투입하는 단계를 포함하는 1-니트로피라졸의 제조방법을 제공한다.The present invention provides a method for preparing 1-nitropyrazole comprising the step of adding nitric acid to a reaction mixture of pyrazole, acetic acid and acetic anhydride.

본 발명의 상기 반응 혼합물은 피라졸 1.0 몰당량 기준 아세트산 1.0 내지 2.0 몰당량 및 아세트산 무수물 1.0 내지 1.7 몰당량 첨가되는 것을 특징으로 한다.The reaction mixture of the present invention is characterized in that 1.0 to 2.0 molar equivalents of acetic acid and 1.0 to 1.7 molar equivalents of acetic anhydride are added based on 1.0 molar equivalent of pyrazole.

보다 바람직하게는, 상기 반응 혼합물은 피라졸 1.0 몰당량 기준 아세트산 1.0 내지 1.5 몰당량 및 아세트산 무수물 1.2 내지 1.5 몰당량 첨가되는 것을 특징으로 한다.More preferably, the reaction mixture is characterized in that 1.0 to 1.5 molar equivalents of acetic acid and 1.2 to 1.5 molar equivalents of acetic anhydride are added based on 1.0 molar equivalent of pyrazole.

본 발명의 상기 질산을 투입하는 단계는 0 내지 15 ℃에서 수행되는 것을 특징으로 한다.The step of adding the nitric acid of the present invention is characterized in that it is carried out at 0 to 15 ℃.

보다 바람직하게는, 상기 질산을 투입하는 단계는 0 내지 8 ℃에서 수행되는 것을 특징으로 한다.More preferably, the step of adding nitric acid is characterized in that it is performed at 0 to 8 ℃.

본 발명에 있어서, 상기 반응 혼합물에 질산 투입 후 반응물의 온도를 0 내지 15 ℃에서 20 내지 60분 간 유지하는 것을 특징으로 한다.In the present invention, after nitric acid is added to the reaction mixture, the temperature of the reactant is maintained at 0 to 15° C. for 20 to 60 minutes.

또한 본 발명에 있어서, 상기 반응물의 온도 유지 후 30 내지 50 ℃로 승온하여 다시 반응물의 온도를 1 내지 3시간 유지하는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, in the present invention, after maintaining the temperature of the reactant, the temperature of the reactant is raised to 30 to 50 °C, and the temperature of the reactant is maintained again for 1 to 3 hours.

본 발명의 상기 투입되는 질산은 피라졸 1.0 몰당량 기준 1.0 내지 1.5 몰당량 첨가되는 것을 특징으로 한다.The added nitric acid of the present invention is characterized in that 1.0 to 1.5 molar equivalents based on 1.0 molar equivalent of pyrazole.

기존에 알려진 반응 조건에서는 피라졸 1.0 몰당량 기준 상대적으로 많은 양의 아세트산(3.1 몰당량 내외)을 사용하고, 질산 첨가에 대한 격렬한 발열반응 때문에 10 ℃ 이하의 저온을 유지하면서 질산을 1시간 이상에 걸쳐 매우 천천히 첨가해야 한다.In the known reaction conditions, a relatively large amount of acetic acid (about 3.1 molar equivalents) is used based on 1.0 molar equivalent of pyrazole, and nitric acid is added for 1 hour or more while maintaining a low temperature of 10 ° C or less due to the intense exothermic reaction to the addition of nitric acid. It should be added very slowly throughout.

그러나 본 발명에 따르면 기존 공지의 제조방법 대비 상대적으로 적은 양의 아세트산(피라졸 1.0 몰당량 기준 아세트산 1.0 내지 2.0 몰당량)만을 사용하고, 반응정도가 온화하게 조절되므로 0 내지 15 ℃의 온도에서 질산이 상대적으로 빠르게 첨가될 수 있다.However, according to the present invention, since only a relatively small amount of acetic acid (1.0 to 2.0 molar equivalents of acetic acid based on 1.0 molar equivalent of pyrazole) is used, and the degree of reaction is mildly controlled, nitric acid at a temperature of 0 to 15 ° C. It can be added relatively quickly.

따라서 본 발명에 따른 반응성이 조절된 1-니트로피라졸의 제조방법은 기존의 고체석출 및 지역적인 열축적에 따른 격렬한 발열반응으로 인해 스케일업에 대한 위험도가 큰 반응 조건에 비해 안전한 스케일업이 가능하므로 관련 산업 전반에 활용도가 높을 것으로 기대된다.Therefore, the method for producing 1-nitropyrazole with controlled reactivity according to the present invention enables safe scale-up compared to reaction conditions with a high risk of scale-up due to the intense exothermic reaction due to the existing solid precipitation and local heat accumulation. Therefore, it is expected to have high utilization in all related industries.

도 1은 실시예 1에서 합성된 1-니트로피라졸의 1H NMR 스펙트럼을 나타낸 것이다.
도 2는 실시예 1에서 합성된 1-니트로피라졸의 13C NMR 스펙트럼을 나타낸 것이다.
도 3은 비교예 1의 1-니트로피라졸 합성 반응열 다이어그램을 나타낸 것이다.
도 4는 실시예 1의 1-니트로피라졸 합성 반응열 다이어그램을 나타낸 것이다.
1 shows a 1 H NMR spectrum of 1- nitropyrazole synthesized in Example 1.
Figure 2 shows the 13 C NMR spectrum of 1-nitropyrazole synthesized in Example 1.
Figure 3 shows a reaction heat diagram of 1-nitropyrazole synthesis of Comparative Example 1.
Figure 4 shows the reaction heat diagram of 1-nitropyrazole synthesis of Example 1.

이하 본 발명을 좀 더 구체적으로 설명한다. 이 때 사용되는 기술 용어 및 과학 용어에 있어서 다른 정의가 없다면, 이 발명이 속하는 기술 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자가 통상적으로 이해하고 있는 의미를 가지며, 하기의 설명에서 본 발명의 요지를 불필요하게 흐릴 수 있는 공지 기능 및 구성에 대한 설명은 생략한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail. If there is no other definition in the technical and scientific terms used at this time, it has the meaning commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this invention belongs, and may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention in the following description. Descriptions of possible known functions and configurations will be omitted.

본 발명의 일 양태는 반응성이 조절된 1-니트로피라졸의 제조방법이다.One aspect of the present invention is a method for preparing 1-nitropyrazole with controlled reactivity.

구체적으로, 본 발명은 피라졸, 아세트산 및 무수 아세트산의 반응 혼합물에 질산을 투입하는 단계를 포함하는 1-니트로피라졸의 제조방법을 제공한다.Specifically, the present invention provides a method for preparing 1-nitropyrazole comprising the step of adding nitric acid to a reaction mixture of pyrazole, acetic acid and acetic anhydride.

상기 제조방법은 하기 반응식 2와 같이 나타낼 수 있다.The preparation method can be represented as in Scheme 2 below.

[반응식 2][Scheme 2]

Figure 112021043441418-pat00004
Figure 112021043441418-pat00004

본 발명의 상기 제조방법에 따르면, 상기 반응 혼합물은 피라졸 1.0 몰당량 기준 아세트산 1.0 내지 2.0 몰당량 및 아세트산 무수물 1.0 내지 1.7 몰당량 첨가될 수 있다.According to the preparation method of the present invention, 1.0 to 2.0 molar equivalents of acetic acid and 1.0 to 1.7 molar equivalents of acetic anhydride may be added to the reaction mixture based on 1.0 molar equivalent of pyrazole.

보다 바람직하게는, 본 발명의 상기 반응 혼합물은 피라졸 1.0 몰당량 기준 아세트산 1.0 내지 1.5 몰당량 및 아세트산 무수물 1.2 내지 1.5 몰당량 첨가될 수 있다.More preferably, 1.0 to 1.5 molar equivalents of acetic acid and 1.2 to 1.5 molar equivalents of acetic anhydride may be added to the reaction mixture of the present invention based on 1.0 molar equivalent of pyrazole.

본 발명의 상기 질산을 투입하는 단계는 0 내지 15 ℃에서 수행될 수 있다.The step of adding the nitric acid of the present invention may be performed at 0 to 15 ℃.

본 발명에 있어서, 질산을 투입하는 반응온도는 중요하며, 반응온도가 15 ℃를 초과할 경우 상온에 가까워서 반응열이 통제가 되지 않는 문제점이 있다.In the present invention, the reaction temperature at which nitric acid is added is important, and when the reaction temperature exceeds 15 °C, there is a problem that the reaction heat is not controlled because it is close to room temperature.

따라서 냉각의 목적을 달성하기 위해서 상기 온도 범위가 바람직하며, 보다 바람직하게는, 상기 질산을 투입하는 단계는 0 내지 8 ℃에서 수행될 수 있다.Therefore, in order to achieve the purpose of cooling, the above temperature range is preferable, and more preferably, the step of introducing the nitric acid may be performed at 0 to 8 ℃.

본 발명에 있어서, 반응시간은 반응물의 양 및 반응기의 반응열 조절능력 등을 고려하여 적절히 진행하여야 하나, 본 발명의 일반적인 제조방법에 따르면 10 내지 30분 동안 반응열이 제어되는 범위 내에서 가능하다.In the present invention, the reaction time should be appropriately conducted in consideration of the amount of reactants and the ability to control the heat of reaction of the reactor, but according to the general manufacturing method of the present invention, it is possible within the range in which the heat of reaction is controlled for 10 to 30 minutes.

또한 본 발명에 있어서, 상기 반응 혼합물에 질산 투입 후 반응물의 온도를 0 내지 15 ℃에서 20 내지 60분 간 유지한 후 상기 반응물의 온도를 30 내지 50 ℃로 승온한 뒤 일정 시간 유지하여 반응을 완료할 수 있다. 이 때 승온한 온도를 유지하는 시간은 특별히 한정되지는 않으나, 반응의 완결과 생산성을 고려하여 1 내지 3시간 유지하는 것이 바람직하다.In addition, in the present invention, after nitric acid is added to the reaction mixture, the temperature of the reactant is maintained at 0 to 15 ° C. for 20 to 60 minutes, and then the temperature of the reactant is raised to 30 to 50 ° C. and then maintained for a certain time to complete the reaction. can do. At this time, the time for maintaining the elevated temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably maintained for 1 to 3 hours in consideration of the completion of the reaction and productivity.

본 발명의 상기 투입되는 질산은 피라졸 1.0 몰당량 기준 1.0 내지 1.5 몰당량 첨가될 수 있다.The added nitric acid of the present invention may be added in an amount of 1.0 to 1.5 molar equivalents based on 1.0 molar equivalent of pyrazole.

상술된 본 발명의 제조방법에 따르면 매우 간단한 방법으로 1-니트로피라졸을 대량 합성 가능하고, 매우 경제적인 방법으로 합성이 가능하다.According to the manufacturing method of the present invention described above, 1-nitropyrazole can be synthesized in a large amount by a very simple method, and can be synthesized in a very economical manner.

상기 제조방법과 기존에 알려진 1-니트로피라졸의 합성 방법과의 차이점은 하기 표 1에 나타난 바와 같다.The difference between the preparation method and the conventionally known method for synthesizing 1-nitropyrazole is shown in Table 1 below.

피라졸 1.0 몰당량 기준
아세트산 첨가량
Based on 1.0 molar equivalent of pyrazole
Acetic acid addition amount
질산 첨가 온도Nitric acid addition temperature 질산 첨가 소요시간Time required for addition of nitric acid
기존 발명existing invention 3.1 몰당량 내외3.1 Molar equivalent 10 ℃ 이하10℃ or less 1시간 이상1 hour or more 본 발명the present invention 1.0 내지 2.0 몰당량1.0 to 2.0 molar equivalents 0 내지 15 ℃0 to 15 10 내지 30분10 to 30 minutes

상기 표 1에 따르면,According to Table 1 above,

기존 발명에 비하여 본 발명에 따른 1-니트로피라졸의 제조방법은 기존의 제조발명에 비하여 격렬한 발열반응으로 인한 스케일업에 대한 위험도가 현저히 낮아, 안전한 스케일업이 가능함을 알 수 있다.Compared to the existing invention, the manufacturing method of 1-nitropyrazole according to the present invention has a significantly lower risk of scale-up due to a violent exothermic reaction compared to the existing manufacturing invention, and thus it can be seen that a safe scale-up is possible.

이하, 실시예를 통하여 본 발명을 더 구체적으로 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail through examples.

이에 앞서, 본 명세서 및 청구범위에 사용된 용어나 단어는 통상적이거나 사전적인 의미로 한정해서 해석되어서는 아니되며, 발명자는 그 자신의 발명을 가장 최선의 방법으로 설명하기 위해 용어의 개념을 적절하게 정의할 수 있다는 원칙에 입각하여 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 부합하는 의미와 개념으로 해석되어야만 한다. 따라서, 본 명세서에 기재된 실시예와 도면에 도시된 구성은 본 발명의 가장 바람직한 일 실시예에 불과할 뿐이고 본 발명의 기술적인 사상을 모두 대변하는 것은 아니므로, 본 출원시점에 있어서 이들은 대체할 수 있는 다양한 균등물과 변형 예들이 있음을 이해하여야 한다.Prior to this, the terms or words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to conventional or dictionary meanings, and the inventor should properly understand the concept of the term in order to best describe his invention. Based on the principle that it can be defined, it should be interpreted as meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention. Accordingly, the embodiments described in the present specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiment of the present invention and do not represent all the technical spirit of the present invention, so at the time of this application, they can be replaced It should be understood that there are various equivalents and variations.

[실시예 1][Example 1]

Figure 112021043441418-pat00005
Figure 112021043441418-pat00005

단계 1:Step 1:

피라졸(100.0 g, 1.469 mol), 아세트산(100.0 ml, 1.748 mol) 및 아세트산 무수물(200 ml, 2.119 mol)을 반응기에 투입하고, 반응기 자켓의 온도를 5 ℃로 냉각하였다.Pyrazole (100.0 g, 1.469 mol), acetic acid (100.0 ml, 1.748 mol) and acetic anhydride (200 ml, 2.119 mol) were charged into a reactor, and the temperature of the reactor jacket was cooled to 5°C.

단계 2:Step 2:

상기 냉각된 반응기에 질산(70 ml, 1.677 mmol)을 10분에 걸쳐 천천히 투입하면서, 반응기 온도가 5 ℃를 넘지 않도록 하였다. 질산 투입 후 그대로(같은 조건에서) 30분 동안 교반하고 반응기 자켓의 온도가 40 ℃가 되도록 가열하였다. 40 ℃에서 2시간 동안 교반한 후 반응기 자켓의 온도를 2 ℃가 되도록 냉각하고, 증류수 500 ml를 투입하였다. 생성된 고체 반응물을 여과하여 소량의 얼음물로 세척하고 상온(25 ℃), 상압(1기압)에서 건조하여 1-니트로피라졸(141.4 g, 1.25 mol)을 수득하였다. 상기 수득한 1-니트로피라졸의 1H NMR 및 13C NMR 데이터는 다음과 같다(수율: 85.1 %).Nitric acid (70 ml, 1.677 mmol) was slowly introduced into the cooled reactor over 10 minutes, so that the reactor temperature did not exceed 5 °C. After nitric acid was added, the mixture was stirred as it was (under the same conditions) for 30 minutes, and the reactor jacket was heated to a temperature of 40 °C. After stirring at 40 °C for 2 hours, the temperature of the reactor jacket was cooled to 2 °C, and 500 ml of distilled water was added. The resulting solid reactant was filtered, washed with a small amount of ice water, and dried at room temperature (25° C.) and atmospheric pressure (1 atm) to obtain 1-nitropyrazole (141.4 g, 1.25 mol). 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR data of 1-nitropyrazole obtained above are as follows (yield: 85.1%).

1H NMR (DMSO-d6): 8.80 (dd, 1H, CH), 7.88 (dd, 1H, CH), 6.71 (dd, 1H, CH); 1 H NMR (DMSO-d 6 ): 8.80 (dd, 1H, CH), 7.88 (dd, 1H, CH), 6.71 (dd, 1H, CH);

13C NMR (DMSO-d6): 141.51, 126.81, 109.68. 13 C NMR (DMSO-d 6 ): 141.51, 126.81, 109.68.

[비교예 1][Comparative Example 1]

Figure 112021043441418-pat00006
Figure 112021043441418-pat00006

단계 1:Step 1:

피라졸(100.0 g, 1.469 mol) 및 아세트산(300 ml, 5.245 mol)을 반응기에 투입하고, 반응기 자켓의 온도를 5 ℃로 냉각하였다.Pyrazole (100.0 g, 1.469 mol) and acetic acid (300 ml, 5.245 mol) were added to the reactor, and the temperature of the reactor jacket was cooled to 5°C.

단계 2:Step 2:

상기 냉각된 반응기에 질산(70 ml, 1.677 mmol)을 1시간에 걸쳐 천천히 투입하면서, 그대로(같은 조건에서) 30분 동안 교반하고 반응기 자켓의 온도가 25 ℃가 되도록 가열하였다. 아세트산 무수물(200 ml, 2.119 mol)을 반응기에 투입하고 1시간 동안 교반한 후 반응기 자켓의 온도를 2 ℃가 되도록 냉각하고, 증류수 500 ml를 투입하였다. 생성된 고체 반응물을 여과하여 소량의 얼음물로 세척하고 상온, 상압에서 건조하여 1-니트로피라졸(146.1 g, 1.29 mol)을 수득하였다. 상기 수득한 1-니트로피라졸의 1H NMR 및 13C NMR 데이터는 다음과 같다(수율: 87.8 %).Nitric acid (70 ml, 1.677 mmol) was slowly added to the cooled reactor over 1 hour, stirred as it was (under the same conditions) for 30 minutes, and heated to a temperature of the reactor jacket at 25°C. Acetic anhydride (200 ml, 2.119 mol) was added to the reactor and stirred for 1 hour, then the temperature of the reactor jacket was cooled to 2° C., and 500 ml of distilled water was added. The resulting solid reactant was filtered, washed with a small amount of ice water, and dried at room temperature and pressure to obtain 1-nitropyrazole (146.1 g, 1.29 mol). 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR data of 1-nitropyrazole obtained above are as follows (yield: 87.8%).

1H NMR (DMSO-d6): 8.80 (dd, 1H, CH), 7.88 (dd, 1H, CH), 6.71 (dd, 1H, CH); 1 H NMR (DMSO-d 6 ): 8.80 (dd, 1H, CH), 7.88 (dd, 1H, CH), 6.71 (dd, 1H, CH);

13C NMR (DMSO-d6): 141.51, 126.81, 109.68. 13 C NMR (DMSO-d 6 ): 141.51, 126.81, 109.68.

[실험예 1][Experimental Example 1]

비교예 1 과 실시예 1의 제조방법을 비슷한 조건에서 비교하기 위하여, 반응기 자켓온도를 5 ℃의 같은 값으로 설정한 뒤 질산 첨가 속도를 조절하면서 반응열을 확인하여 도 3 및 도 4에 나타내었다.In order to compare the manufacturing methods of Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 under similar conditions, the reaction heat was checked while controlling the nitric acid addition rate after setting the reactor jacket temperature to the same value of 5° C. and shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 .

도 3 및 도 4에서 확인할 수 있듯이, 비교예 1에서 질산을 1시간 동안 첨가할 경우와 실시예 1에서 질산을 10분 간 첨가할 경우의 최고 온도(붉은색 선)는 34 ℃ 정도로 유사하였고, 상기 첨가반응의 반응열(분홍색 선)도 비교예 1은 68.003 kJ, 실시예 1은 72.659 kJ로 유사하였다.As can be seen in FIGS. 3 and 4 , the maximum temperature (red line) when nitric acid was added for 1 hour in Comparative Example 1 and when nitric acid was added for 10 minutes in Example 1 was similar to about 34 ° C, The heat of reaction (pink line) of the addition reaction was also similar to 68.003 kJ in Comparative Example 1 and 72.659 kJ in Example 1.

한편 도 3의 발열량 그래프(분홍색 선)에 의하면 변화가 몹시 큰 것을 알 수 있는데, 이는 질산 첨가 단계에서 반응물 내에 많은 양의 고체가 석출됨에 따라 교반이 제대로 이루어지지 못했기 때문인바, 이 경우 국부적인 열축적이 이루어질 수 있어 반응 스케일이 커질수록 위험성도 커지게 된다. 이에 비하여, 도 4에서는 발열량 그래프가 부드러운 곡선을 그리고 있고, 이것은 반응물이 용액 상태로 안정적으로 유지가 되어, 제어하기 좋은 상태로 반응이 진행되는 것을 의미하며, 안정적인 스케일업이 가능함을 확인할 수 있다.On the other hand, according to the calorific value graph (pink line) of FIG. 3, it can be seen that the change is very large, which is because stirring was not performed properly as a large amount of solids were precipitated in the reactant in the nitric acid addition step. In this case, local heat Accumulation can occur, so the larger the reaction scale, the greater the risk. In contrast, in FIG. 4, the calorific value graph draws a smooth curve, which means that the reactant is stably maintained in a solution state, and the reaction proceeds in a state that is easy to control, and it can be confirmed that stable scale-up is possible.

따라서 본 발명의 실시예 1 제조방법에 의하면 기존 공지의 조건보다 적은 양의 시료를 사용할 수 있어 경제적이고, 반응 정도가 온화하게 조절되므로 상대적으로 빠른 시간 내에 질산의 첨가를 마칠 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 반응 중 생성되는 고체의 석출량이 적절하게 조절되어 용액상태를 유지하며 반응을 마칠 수 있어, 스케일업에 있어 보다 안전함을 알 수 있다.Therefore, according to the manufacturing method of Example 1 of the present invention, it is economical to use a smaller amount of sample than the conventionally known conditions, and since the degree of reaction is mildly controlled, the addition of nitric acid can be completed in a relatively short time, as well as the reaction It can be seen that the amount of precipitation of the solid produced in the middle is appropriately controlled, so that the reaction can be completed while maintaining the solution state, making it safer for scale-up.

이상에서 살펴본 바와 같이 본 발명의 실시예에 대해 상세히 기술되었지만, 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에 있어서 통상의 지식을 가진 사람이라면, 첨부된 청구범위에 정의된 본 발명의 정신 및 범위를 벗어나지 않으면서 본 발명을 여러 가지로 변형하여 실시할 수 있을 것이다. 따라서 본 발명의 앞으로의 실시예들의 변경은 본 발명의 기술을 벗어날 수 없을 것이다.Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail as described above, those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims The invention may be practiced with various modifications. Accordingly, modifications of future embodiments of the present invention will not depart from the technology of the present invention.

Claims (7)

피라졸, 아세트산 및 무수 아세트산의 반응 혼합물에 질산을 투입하는 단계를 포함하며,
상기 질산을 투입하는 단계는 0 내지 15℃에서 10 내지 30분 간 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 1-니트로피라졸의 제조방법.
adding nitric acid to the reaction mixture of pyrazole, acetic acid and acetic anhydride,
The step of adding the nitric acid is a method for producing 1-nitropyrazole, characterized in that it is performed for 10 to 30 minutes at 0 to 15 ℃.
제1항에 있어서,
상기 반응 혼합물은 피라졸 1.0 몰당량 기준 아세트산 1.0 내지 2.0 몰당량 및 아세트산 무수물 1.0 내지 1.7 몰당량 첨가되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 1-니트로피라졸의 제조방법.
According to claim 1,
The reaction mixture is characterized in that 1.0 to 2.0 molar equivalents of acetic acid and 1.0 to 1.7 molar equivalents of acetic anhydride are added based on 1.0 molar equivalent of pyrazole.
제2항에 있어서,
상기 반응 혼합물은 피라졸 1.0 몰당량 기준 아세트산 1.0 내지 1.5 몰당량 및 아세트산 무수물 1.2 내지 1.5 몰당량 첨가되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 1-니트로피라졸의 제조방법.
3. The method of claim 2,
The reaction mixture is characterized in that 1.0 to 1.5 molar equivalents of acetic acid and 1.2 to 1.5 molar equivalents of acetic anhydride are added based on 1.0 molar equivalent of pyrazole.
삭제delete 제1항에 있어서,
질산 투입 후 반응물의 온도를 0 내지 15 ℃에서 20 내지 60분 간 유지하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 1-니트로피라졸의 제조방법.
According to claim 1,
A method for producing 1-nitropyrazole, characterized in that after nitric acid is added, the temperature of the reactant is maintained at 0 to 15° C. for 20 to 60 minutes.
제5항에 있어서,
상기 반응물의 온도 유지 후 30 내지 50 ℃로 승온하여 다시 반응물의 온도를 1 내지 3시간 유지하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 1-니트로피라졸의 제조방법.
6. The method of claim 5,
After maintaining the temperature of the reactant, the temperature of the reactant is raised to 30 to 50° C. and the temperature of the reactant is maintained again for 1 to 3 hours.
제1항에 있어서,
투입되는 질산은 피라졸 1.0 몰당량 기준 질산 1.0 내지 1.5 몰당량인 것을 특징으로 하는, 1-니트로피라졸의 제조방법.
According to claim 1,
The method for producing 1-nitropyrazole, characterized in that the added nitric acid is 1.0 to 1.5 molar equivalents of nitric acid based on 1.0 molar equivalents of pyrazole.
KR1020210048454A 2021-04-14 2021-04-14 Reactivity controlled synthetic method of 1-nitropyrazole KR102313369B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020210048454A KR102313369B1 (en) 2021-04-14 2021-04-14 Reactivity controlled synthetic method of 1-nitropyrazole

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020210048454A KR102313369B1 (en) 2021-04-14 2021-04-14 Reactivity controlled synthetic method of 1-nitropyrazole

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
KR102313369B1 true KR102313369B1 (en) 2021-10-15

Family

ID=78115490

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
KR1020210048454A KR102313369B1 (en) 2021-04-14 2021-04-14 Reactivity controlled synthetic method of 1-nitropyrazole

Country Status (1)

Country Link
KR (1) KR102313369B1 (en)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3085477A1 (en) 2018-09-03 2020-03-06 Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique ON-BOARD SELF-CONTAINED TEMPERATURE MEASURING DEVICE AND METHOD USED BY SUCH A DEVICE

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3085477A1 (en) 2018-09-03 2020-03-06 Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique ON-BOARD SELF-CONTAINED TEMPERATURE MEASURING DEVICE AND METHOD USED BY SUCH A DEVICE

Non-Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Bis(dinitropyrazolyl)methanes as Stable High Energy Materials (Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, 2017, 38, 751-755)
Isomers of Dinitropyrazoles: Synthesis, Comparison and Tuning of their Physicochemical Properties (ChemPlusChem, 2018, 83, 804-011)
J. Org. Chem., 41권, 1976, p1758 *
les by Thermal Rearrangement of N-Nitropyrazoles (The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1973, 38, 1777-1782)
les, XII, The Preparation of 3(5)-Nitropyraz
Pyraz
Pyrazoles. VIII. Rearrangement of iV-Nitropyrazoles. The Formation of 3-Nitropyrazoles (The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1971, 36, 3081-3084)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR102313369B1 (en) Reactivity controlled synthetic method of 1-nitropyrazole
CN113582874A (en) Synthesis method of bromoacetonitrile
CN106478635B (en) A kind of green synthesis method of electroluminescent organic material indole carbazole compound
CN109705006B (en) Diaryl thioether compound and preparation method thereof
Cassidy et al. Polyimidines, a new class of polymers. I. Phenylated polypyromellitimidines
CN110606819A (en) Production method of 1,2,3, 6-tetrahydrophthalimide
US2577900A (en) Process for producing anils
JPS62241926A (en) Production of polysilane
JP3001862B2 (en) Novel method for producing tetraalkyldiphenol
JPH03167144A (en) Production of fluorobenzene
JPH0259832B2 (en)
CN111233719B (en) Process for preparing alpha-oxime acetophenone derivatives
CN114751851B (en) Synthesis method of 2,2', 4' -tetramaleimidyl diphenylmethane
US2843598A (en) Process for preparing 3-pyrazolidones
US3180891A (en) Method for preparing thioformanilide
CN112898130B (en) Method for synthesizing 9-fluorenylmethanol with high selectivity
CN1016342B (en) Process for preparing indolinone
US2824117A (en) Process for the production of
KR0163344B1 (en) Process for the preparation of 3-nitro-9-ethyl carbazole
CN115677706A (en) Synthesis method of 2,2' -bis (2, 4, 6-trinitro) bis-triazolobenzoquinone
CN100522929C (en) Production of benzyl lidocaine halogenated amine
CN116693516A (en) Preparation method of 2-amino substituted 1,3, 4-oxadiazole series compounds
EP4259611A1 (en) A process for the preparation of pyrazole-oxadiazepine
CN115925560A (en) Preparation method of 4,4' -diaminodiphenyl ether
CN117865812A (en) Method for synthesizing 2, 4-dimethyl-5-nitrofluorobenzene

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
E701 Decision to grant or registration of patent right
GRNT Written decision to grant