KR102309962B1 - Crack resistant waterproof sheet and waterproofing method used thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a crack-resistant waterproof sheet and a composite waterproofing method using the same. More specifically, the crack-resistant waterproof sheet comprises: a compound layer composed of 55-72 wt% of asphalt, 5-20 wt% of calcium carbonate, 7-15 wt% of styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) rubber, 0.1-13 wt% of silicon oxide, 0.1-8 wt% of polyethylene, 0.1-3 wt% of a curing accelerator which is an organotin compound, 0.2-2 wt% of SB latex, 0.1-8 wt% of process oil, and 5-10 wt% of polyethylene terephthalate; a nonwoven layer attached to the lower surface of the compound layer and composed of non-compressed nonwoven fabric; and a surface layer sanded with sands or silica sands on the upper surface of the compound layer. Therefore, provided are a crack-resistant waterproof sheet and a composite waterproofing method using the same, wherein waterproofing construction is performed at low or high temperatures using the waterproof sheet having excellent low-temperature flexibility, crack resistance, fatigue resistance, shear bonding strength, and tensile bonding strength to prevent the cracks, tears and breaks of the waterproof sheet even if a weighted body presses the waterproof sheet, e.g., a worker walks or a working vehicle drives on the constructed waterproof sheet before pressed concrete is cast, so a waterproof layer and a film layer can be protected stably to obtain a waterproof layer and a film layer ensured even after the construction of pressed concrete.

Description

Crack-resistant waterproof sheet and composite waterproofing method using the same

The present invention relates to a crack-resistant waterproofing sheet and a composite waterproofing method using the same. In particular, it is a waterproofing sheet with excellent low-temperature flexibility, crack resistance, fatigue resistance, shear adhesive strength, and tensile adhesive strength. Even if a heavy body presses on the waterproof sheet, such as when a worker walks on the upper part of the waterproof sheet installed in the step before pouring the pressed concrete or a work vehicle is running, cracks, tears, and rupture of the waterproof sheet are prevented, so that the waterproof layer and coating layer It relates to a crack-resistant waterproofing sheet and a composite waterproofing method using the same, which allows to obtain a waterproof layer and a coating layer that are guaranteed even after construction of pressed concrete by enabling stable protection.

In concrete structures, bending moments or vibrations caused by static and dynamic loads occur, causing cracks and delamination due to neutralization and aging.

In addition, rainwater or the like causes cracks or cracks on the concrete surface, and at the same time penetrates into the cracks and corrodes reinforcing bars, thereby promoting cracks in concrete.

Currently, the representative waterproofing method in Korea includes a sheet waterproofing method, a coating film waterproofing method, and a composite waterproofing method combining a sheet and a coating film depending on the construction method.

In the case of the waterproofing coating method, the liquid is applied several times and then cured to form a waterproofing layer. Although the workability is very good, it cannot form a waterproof layer of a certain thickness. , phenomena such as swelling (FIG. 1), chamfering (FIG. 2), and air bubbles due to the pressure of water vapor generated in the concrete matrix frequently occur and cause micro-leakage. Although it is used, there are difficulties in construction due to the problem of absorption power, mismatch of bonding properties, and problems of dimensional stability up to the reinforcement.

In the sheet waterproofing method, a waterproofing sheet of a certain standard is manufactured using synthetic rubber, synthetic resin, or rubberized asphalt with excellent elasticity as a main raw material, and this sheet-shaped waterproofing material is spread and installed on the surface to be waterproofed to form a waterproofing layer. It is one of the most widely used waterproofing methods today because it is relatively easy to construct and shortens the construction period.

However, when constructing the waterproof sheet, the sheet joints (joints) are bonded using a heat-sealing method. In addition, since the non-adhesive part is created in a non-melted state, and the adhesive force is weakened, there is a problem in that defects such as lifting and peeling occur in the end, resulting in water leakage, and also waterproofing composed of asphalt only During or after construction in cold weather, the sheet loses its flexibility and breaks or cracks.

In addition, in the case of the composite waterproofing method, it has the advantage of securing stability by treating the sheet and the coating film twice, but the material cost and construction cost are very high, and the construction is complicated, so many skilled workers are required. It is the most preferred waterproofing method in recent years because it can be done.

However, in the above-mentioned sheet waterproofing method or composite waterproofing method, even after the waterproofing sheet is constructed, the weight of the waterproofing sheet moves frequently for reasons such as pouring pressed concrete or transporting equipment or building materials. And, as a result, the waterproof sheet is cracked or partially thinned or thickened by excessive pressure, so there is a problem that a uniform thickness of the waterproof layer cannot be secured. There is a problem that the phenomenon of breakage occurs.

The present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and by strengthening the low-temperature flexibility, crack resistance, fatigue resistance, shear adhesive strength, and tensile adhesive strength in the waterproof sheet, Prevents tearing or breaking even when excessive pressure is applied, and prevents the waterproof sheet from becoming thin or partially thickened due to the phenomenon of being pushed to one side during high-temperature construction, ensuring uniform thickness, and An object of the present invention is to provide a crack-resistant waterproof sheet that can protect the waterproof sheet while stably protecting the waterproof sheet even when excessive pressure is applied to the waterproof sheet, and the coating layer under the waterproof sheet can be protected, and a composite waterproofing method using the same.

The above purpose is, asphalt 55 ~ 72% by weight, calcium carbonate 5 ~ 20% by weight, SBS rubber (styrene butadiene styrene rubber) 7 ~ 15% by weight, silicon oxide 0.1 ~ 13% by weight, polyethylene (Polyethylene) 0.1 ~ 8 weight %, an organotin compound of 0.1 to 3 wt%, SB LATEX 0.2 to 2 wt%, process oil 0.1 to 8 wt%, and a compound layer 102 composed of 5 to 10 wt% of polyethylene terephthalate; a non-woven fabric layer 104 made of an uncompressed non-woven fabric attached to the lower surface of the compound layer 102; It is achieved by the crack-resistant waterproofing sheet 100 comprising a surface layer 106 sanded with sand or silica sand on the upper surface of the compound layer 102 .

In addition, the process oil is preferably made of at least one selected from paraffinic oil, naphthenic oil, and aromatic oil.

On the other hand, the above object, the primer coating step of forming a primer layer (not shown) by applying a primer after cleaning the base surface 108; a coating layer forming step of forming a coating layer 120 by applying an asphalt coating waterproofing material 124 to the primer layer; a sheet installation step of laying the nonwoven fabric layer 104 of the crack-resistant waterproof sheet 100 in contact with the coating film layer 120; a sheet connection installation step of forming a joint by connecting one waterproof sheet 100 installed by the sheet installation step and the other waterproof sheet 100 installed adjacently in a butt manner; a mesh network 122 attaching step of attaching the mesh network 122 having a mesh structure on the joint portion formed in the sheet joint installation step and having an adhesive portion formed on one surface; When the mesh network 122 is installed at the junction by the mesh network 122 attaching step, the asphalt coating film waterproofing material 124 is applied to the upper part of the mesh network 122 so that the junction is closed by the asphalt coating film waterproofing material 124 . It is also achieved by a composite waterproofing method using the crack-resistant waterproofing sheet 100, characterized in that it includes a bonding part finishing step.

Here, the mesh network 122 is formed in an 'I' shape so that the lower flat mesh network 122 is inserted into the lower portion of the junction to be disposed under one end and the other end of the waterproof sheet 100 on both sides, and the upper flat mesh network ( 122) is preferably to cover the upper end and the other end of the waterproof sheet 100 on both sides at the upper portion of the joint.

The crack-resistant waterproofing sheet of the present invention has tensile strength (13.0 N/mm), elongation (33%), low-temperature flexibility that should not be cracked even at -20℃ or lower, and no cracks, tears, or breakage even at -20℃ or lower It not only satisfies the quality standards of the KS F 4931 rulebook for cracking properties, but it is even better, so that even if excessive pressure is applied to the waterproof sheet, cracks, cracks, rips, and fractures do not occur in the waterproof sheet, so it is possible to obtain a stable waterproof layer have

In addition, after forming a coating layer by applying an asphalt coating waterproofing material to the base surface, a waterproof sheet with enhanced low-temperature flexibility, crack resistance, fatigue resistance, shear adhesive strength, and tensile adhesive strength is constructed on the upper part, When excessive pressure is applied to the waterproof sheet by a heavy object such as a vehicle in have an effect

Due to the above-described impact resistance, low temperature flexibility, crack resistance, and fatigue resistance, excessive pressure is applied to the waterproof sheet to prevent cracking, tearing, or rupture, thereby stably protecting the coating layer installed under the waterproof sheet. have an effect

1 is a photograph of a state in which a waterproof layer and a fiber woven reinforcing material swell together due to lack of breathability as the conventional coating layer is naturally cured.
Figure 2 is a photograph of the swelling caused by natural curing of the conventional coating layer.
Figure 3 is a view showing the structure of the crack-resistant waterproof sheet according to the present invention.
Figure 4 is a view showing the structure of the waterproof construction by the composite waterproofing method using the crack-resistant waterproofing sheet according to the present invention.
Figure 5 is a view showing a state in which the mesh network of another embodiment is constructed at the junction of the composite waterproofing method using the crack-resistant waterproofing sheet according to the present invention.

The crack-resistant waterproofing sheet 100 according to the present invention and a composite waterproofing method using the same will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 5 as follows.

First, the crack-resistant waterproof sheet 100 is composed of a compound layer 102, a surface layer 106 and a nonwoven fabric layer 104, and the compound layer 102 is asphalt 55 to 72 wt%, calcium carbonate 5 ~ 20% by weight, SBS rubber (styrene butadiene styrene rubber) 7 ~ 15% by weight, silicon oxide 0.1 ~ 13% by weight, polyethylene (Polyethylene) 0.1 ~ 8% by weight, organic tin compound curing accelerator 0.1 ~ 3% by weight, SB It is composed of 0.2 to 2% by weight of LATEX, 0.1 to 8% by weight of process oil, and 5 to 10% by weight of polyethylene terephthalate.

Among the composition of the compound layer 102 of the crack-resistant waterproof sheet 100, asphalt has a penetration of 80 to 100, a softening point of 42 to 50° C., and AP-3, which has a low boiling point, is mainly used, waterproof sheet 100 When AP-5 is used, the adhesive strength is excellent, but the cold resistance is poor, so the adhesive force cannot be exhibited at low temperatures, and the waterproof sheet 100 is broken, so AP-3 is mainly used.

When the asphalt is added less than 55% by weight, the initial adhesive strength of the waterproofing sheet 100 and the price are increased, and when adding more than 72% by weight, the price of the waterproofing sheet 100 goes down, but the waterproofing sheet 100 is broken at low temperature. do.

_{Calcium carbonate (CaCO 3} ) in the composition of the compound layer 102 of the crack-resistant waterproof sheet 100 is a filler added to improve bonding strength between various polymers, etc. When adding more than 20% by weight, the price reduction effect occurs, but the adhesive strength decreases, the cold resistance decreases due to the increase of the viscosity, the product weight increases due to the high specific gravity, and a phenomenon occurs when the wall is installed, and the filler increases the bonding strength, the price It is added for the purpose of improving the adhesive force by reducing the effect and imparting polarity.

SBS rubber in the composition of the compound layer 102 of the crack-resistant waterproof sheet 100 is a block copolymer obtained by polymerizing butadiene and styrene in an organic solvent. Linear, radial ( In the linear structure, two sides of butadiene and styrene are polymerized to dissolve and disperse well in a high-temperature asphalt compound, but the radial In the structure, four sides of butadiene and styrene are polymerized, so it does not dissolve well in an asphalt compound at a high temperature and is also difficult to disperse.

SBS rubber having the above structure was mixed and used in consideration of tensile strength, heat resistance, elasticity, and adhesion in the present invention. % ~ 15% by weight to maximize cost reduction, ease of workability, and the function of the waterproof sheet 100.

When SBS rubber, which is a thermoplastic rubber, is added in less than 7% by weight, it loses elasticity and the sheet is easily damaged, and the heat resistance is also significantly lowered. As the number of monomers is reduced, there is no great effect such as high elasticity, adhesive strength, and heat resistance, but only the cost increases.

Silicon oxide in the composition of the compound layer 102 of the crack-resistant waterproof sheet 100 is crystalline quartz, and provides filling properties to the compound composition including asphalt to satisfy the economic requirements of the product while satisfying chemical resistance, waterproofness, and rigidity , heat resistance, etc., when less than 0.1 wt% is added, improvement of chemical resistance, water resistance, rigidity, and heat resistance cannot be expected, and when added in excess of 13 wt%, cold resistance and bonding strength are lowered, which is undesirable.

Among the composition of the compound layer 102 of the crack-resistant waterproof sheet 100, polyethylene is added to provide rigidity to the compound composition, and the amount used is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to add 0.1 to 8% by weight, polyethylene If the amount of addition exceeds 8% by weight, it is possible to reduce the miscibility of the composition of the compound layer 102, and if the amount is less than 0.1% by weight, the desired rigidity cannot be obtained.

An eco-friendly organic tin compound (Dibutyl tin dilaulate) is added to enable rapid curing of the curing accelerator, which is an organotin compound, in the composition of the compound layer 102 of the crack-resistant waterproof sheet 100 .

The curing accelerator shortens the curing half-life when the compound layer 102 composition is completed, and controls the rate of impregnation in the nonwoven fabric of the nonwoven fabric layer 104, which will be described later. If it is less than 0.1 wt%, the curing half-life becomes shorter If it exceeds 3 wt%, the curing rate becomes too short, so the nonwoven fabric is not impregnated.

Among the composition of the compound layer 102 of the crack-resistant waterproof sheet 100, SB LATEX may be used alone or in combination with nano-sized acrylic latex, nano-emulsion latex, or general acrylic latex. It is possible to better penetrate into the cracks or voids of (108) to provide more improved adhesion, and because the particle size is small, the adhesion and bonding force are excellent to improve long-term adhesion, and when oil is added while removing moisture, the product The cold resistance and heat resistance are improved, and the elasticity is increased.

The above-mentioned SB LATEX, when less than 0.2% by weight is added based on the total weight of the compound layer 102 composition, the improvement in women's resistance and cold resistance is insignificant. Therefore, an addition amount of 0.2 to 2% by weight is preferable.

The process oil in the composition of the compound layer 102 of the crack-resistant waterproof sheet 100 is used as a fluidity, dispersibility, and asphalt property strengthening agent. In addition, it is difficult to control the working temperature properly, and it is difficult to secure improvement in tensile performance or heat resistance. The appropriate content is 0.1 to 8% by weight. In the present invention, the process oil may be selected as at least one selected from paraffinc oil, naphthenic oil, and aromatic oil.

Among the composition of the compound layer 102 of the crack-resistant waterproof sheet 100, polyethylene terephthalate is a saturated polyester obtained by condensation polymerization of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, and has excellent rigidity, electrical properties, oil resistance, etc. as crystallinity, Even at high temperature for a long time, ultimate strength is slightly reduced, heat resistance is very good, fatigue strength is excellent, so it is less affected by temperature and humidity, has high mechanical strength and weather resistance, It prevents deformation, and when less than 5% by weight is added, heat resistance is lowered, and mechanical strength and weather resistance are difficult to obtain as expected. When added in excess of 10% by weight, improvement in rigidity, fatigue strength, heat resistance, and mechanical strength can be obtained, but It is preferable to add 5 to 10% by weight because it does not meet the expected value as much as added with , and only the price increases.

The compound layer 102 composed as described above has enhanced low-temperature flexibility, crack resistance, fatigue resistance, shear adhesive strength, and tensile adhesive strength, so that tearing or breaking is prevented even when excessive pressure is applied. It is possible to secure a uniform thickness by preventing the phenomenon.

A non-compressed nonwoven fabric is attached to the lower surface of the compound layer 102 to form a nonwoven fabric layer 104, and a compound layer 102 is formed on the nonwoven fabric layer to form a compound layer ( 102) is impregnated.

And, the surface layer 106 is formed on the opposite surface of the nonwoven fabric layer 104, that is, on the upper portion of the compound layer 102 by sanding or silica sand, using the crack-resistant waterproof sheet 100 to be described later. In the composite waterproofing method, it is possible to improve adhesion with the asphalt coating waterproofing material 124 to be applied to the lower part of the waterproofing sheet 100 .

The tensile performance of the crack-resistant waterproof sheet according to the present invention as described above is higher than the tensile strength of 13.0 N/mm, which is the quality standard of KS F 4931, and the elongation rate is higher than 33%.

In addition, the low-temperature flexibility, which is the quality standard of the KS F 4931 rulebook, is superior to the quality standard because there is no crack even at -20℃ or lower, and cracking resistance does not occur even at -20℃ or lower, and crack resistance is KS F 4931 Since it is superior to the quality standards of the regulation book, even if excessive pressure is applied to the crack-resistant waterproofing sheet according to the present invention, cracks, dents, tears, and fractures of the waterproofing sheet do not occur, so that a stable waterproofing layer can be obtained.

On the other hand, a composite waterproofing method using the crack-resistant waterproofing sheet 100 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 as follows.

First, after cleaning the base surface 108, a primer application step of forming a primer layer is performed by applying a primer, and an asphalt coating waterproofing material 124 is applied to the primer layer to form a coating film layer 120. Carry out the formation step.

And, the coating film layer 120 is subjected to a sheet installation step of laying the waterproof sheet 100 so that the non-woven fabric layer 104 of the crack-resistant waterproof sheet 100 is adhered to the coating film layer 120, the surface layer ( 106) is exposed to the upper part, but at this time, any one waterproof sheet 100 installed by the sheet installation step and the other waterproof sheet 100 installed adjacent to each other are connected in a butt manner to form a junction. The joint installation steps are carried out in parallel.

In addition, the mesh network 122 attaching step of attaching the mesh network 122 having an adhesive portion formed on one side thereof having a mesh structure on the upper portion of the joint formed in the sheet connection installation step is carried out, where the mesh network 122 ) is molded into an 'I' shape as shown in FIG. 5, and the lower planar mesh network 122 is inserted in the lower portion of the joint to be disposed under one end and the other end of the waterproof sheet 100 on both sides, and the upper planar mesh network ( 122) may cover the upper end and the other end of the waterproof sheet 100 on both sides at the upper portion of the joint.

When the mesh network 122 is installed at the junction by the mesh network 122 attaching step, the asphalt coating film waterproofing material 124 is applied to the upper part of the mesh network 122 so that the junction is closed by the asphalt coating film waterproofing material 124 . By performing the bonding part finishing step, the composite waterproofing method using the crack-resistant waterproofing sheet 100 is completed.

Therefore, after the composite waterproofing method using the crack-resistant waterproofing sheet 100 is completed, the vehicle runs on the surface layer 106 of the waterproofing sheet 100 in order to pour the pressed concrete, or the process of moving the building material made of a heavy body Even if excessive pressure is applied to the surface layer 106 of the waterproof sheet 100 in It is prevented, and the thinning or partially thickening phenomenon is prevented by the phenomenon that the waterproof sheet 100 is pushed to one side by the above-described excessive pressure, so that the coating film layer 120 under the waterproof sheet 100 can be protected.

100: crack-resistant waterproof sheet
102: compound layer 104: non-woven fabric layer
106: surface layer 108: base surface
120: coating layer
122: mesh network 124: asphalt coating waterproofing material

Claims (4)

Asphalt 55 ~ 72% by weight, calcium carbonate 5 ~ 20% by weight, SBS rubber (styrene butadiene styrene rubber) 7 ~ 15% by weight, silicon oxide 0.1 ~ 13% by weight, polyethylene (Polyethylene) 0.1 ~ 8% by weight, organotin compound A compound layer 102 composed of 0.1 to 3% by weight of a phosphorus curing accelerator, 0.2 to 2% by weight of SB LATEX, 0.1 to 8% by weight of process oil, and 5 to 10% by weight of polyethylene terephthalate;
a non-woven fabric layer 104 made of an uncompressed non-woven fabric attached to the lower surface of the compound layer 102;
A crack-resistant waterproofing sheet comprising a surface layer (106) sanded with sand or silica sand on the upper surface of the compound layer (102).
According to claim 1,
The process oil is a crack-resistant waterproof sheet, characterized in that it consists of at least one selected from paraffinic oil, naphthenic oil, and aromatic oil.
a primer application step of forming a primer layer by applying a primer after arranging the base surface 108;
a coating layer forming step of forming a coating layer 120 by applying an asphalt coating waterproofing material 124 to the primer layer;
a sheet installation step of laying the nonwoven fabric layer 104 of the crack-resistant waterproof sheet 100 according to claim 1 on the coating film layer 120 so that it is in contact;
a sheet connection installation step of forming a joint by connecting one waterproof sheet 100 installed by the sheet installation step and the other waterproof sheet 100 installed adjacently in a butt manner;
a mesh network 122 attaching step of attaching the mesh network 122 having a mesh structure on the joint portion formed in the sheet joint installation step and having an adhesive portion formed on one surface;
When the mesh network 122 is installed at the junction by the mesh network 122 attaching step, the asphalt coating film waterproofing material 124 is applied to the upper part of the mesh network 122 so that the junction is closed by the asphalt coating film waterproofing material 124 . A composite waterproofing method using a crack-resistant waterproofing sheet, characterized in that it includes a bonding part finishing step.
4. The method of claim 3,
The mesh network 122 is formed in an 'I' shape so that the lower flat mesh network 122 is inserted into the lower portion of the junction to be disposed under one end and the other end of the waterproof sheet 100 on both sides, and the upper flat mesh network 122 A composite waterproofing method using a crack-resistant waterproofing sheet, characterized in that it covers one end and the other end of the waterproofing sheet 100 on both sides in the upper part of the silver joint.

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