KR102301827B1 - Routing apparatus for low power wireless mesh network configuration based channel hopping time-multiplexed wireless link and method for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a routing apparatus and method for configuring a low-power wireless mesh network based on a channel hopping time multiplexing radio link. Routing apparatus according to the present invention, Deterministic and Synchronous Multi-channel Extension (DSME) Media Access Control (MAC) Link Control (DSME MAC Link Control; DLC) sublayer (sublayer) and a control unit configured to configure the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link with a gateway router, a router and a device based on a deterministic synchronous multi-channel extended media access control link network (DSME MAC Link Network; DLN) sublayer; and a communication unit transmitting a data frame to the gateway router, the router, and the device according to the connection quality of the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link.

Description

ROUTING APPARATUS FOR LOW POWER WIRELESS MESH NETWORK CONFIGURATION BASED CHANNEL HOPPING TIME-MULTIPLEXED WIRELESS LINK AND METHOD FOR THE SAME}

The present invention relates to configuring a mesh multi-hop path by a low-power wireless link of a time multiplexed access method, selecting a path in consideration of quality when transmitting data, performing data transmission processing, and operating and maintaining a multi-hop path.

The present invention relates to configuring a multi-hop path by a low-power wireless link of a time multiplexed access method, selecting a path in consideration of quality when transmitting data, performing data transmission processing, and operating and maintaining a multi-hop path.

The low-power wireless network considers the transmission distance limitation of low-power devices and link instability due to changes in the wireless environment. It requires configuring a network that provides various quality grades.

In particular, in order to improve the reliability of the radio link, the IEEE 802.15.4e-2012 standard provides a low-power radio link with a channel hopping time multiplexing method based on Deterministic and Synchronous Multi-Channel Extension (DSME) MAC. The need for an applied low-power wireless mesh network is urgently emerging.

Prior Document 1: Korean Patent Laid-Open Patent No. 10-2012-0100184 (Title of the Invention: Low-Power Sense Network-based Solar Array Monitoring System and Method)

It is an object of the present invention to provide a low-power wireless mesh network configuration, a multi-hop path configuration, a multi-quality data transmission scheme, a path selection method, and a path operation maintenance method in a wireless network configured with a time multiplexed access radio link.

A routing device according to the present invention for achieving the above object is a routing device for constructing a low power wireless mesh network (LPWNM) composed of a channel hopping time multiplexing radio link, deterministic synchronous multi-channel expansion (Deterministic and Synchronous Multi-channel Extension; DSME) Media Access Control (MAC) Link Control (DSME MAC Link Control; DLC) Sublayer and Deterministic Synchronous Multi-channel Extension Media Access Control Link Network (DSME MAC) Link Network; and a communication unit transmitting a data frame to the gateway router, the router, and the device according to the connection quality of the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link.

In this case, the control unit participates in the low-power wireless mesh network of the routing device through a DLN-SAP (Service Access Point) corresponding to the DNL and a DLC-SAP corresponding to the DLC, and configures the path of the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link and an LPWMN primitive for departure from the low-power wireless mesh network.

At this time, based on the DLN sub-layer, the control unit selects a neighbor router whose number of hops to the gateway router is less than the number of hops to the gateway router of the routing device and whose link quality is equal to or greater than a preset reference quality as a primary inner router. router) to start participating in the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link.

In this case, the routing apparatus may further include a cluster unit for grouping the routers and devices into clusters, and for allocating router identifiers and device identifiers.

In this case, the cluster unit configures the low-power wireless mesh network in the form of a tree between an upper cluster and a lower cluster, an intra-cluster mesh between the routers, and an inter-cluster mesh between routers of a neighboring cluster. (inter-cluster mesh) can be configured.

In this case, the cluster unit may allocate, to each of the routers and devices, a cluster identifier for identifying the cluster including the routers and devices, and a location identifier for identifying the locations of the routers and devices in the cluster.

At this time, when the routing device is a cluster root router, the cluster unit generates a device identifier corresponding to an upper cluster to which the cluster root router is connected as a device and a router identifier corresponding to a lower cluster to which the cluster root router is connected as a router. can be assigned at the same time.

At this time, based on the DLN sub-layer, when the routing device is a cluster root router, the control unit receives cluster connectivity matrix information from the gateway router different from the routing device. When participating in the low-power wireless mesh network and the routing device is not the cluster root router, it may participate in the low-power wireless mesh network by receiving cluster connection matrix information from a cluster root router different from the routing device.

At this time, based on the DLC sub-layer, the controller may receive a link network management command frame having a departure command payload from a cluster root router different from the routing device to leave the low-power wireless mesh network.

At this time, the communication unit uses a CAP (contention access period) link for the first connection quality, transmits the data frame without checking frame delivery and without flow control, and uses the CAP link for the second connection quality, , confirming frame delivery, but delivering the data frame without flow control, using a shared link for the third connection quality, delivering the data frame without performing frame delivery check and flow control, and 4 In the case of connection quality, a shared link is used and frame delivery is checked, but the data frame is delivered without flow control. In the case of connection quality 5, a dedicated link is used, and frame delivery check and flow control are not performed. The data frame may be transmitted while not doing so, a dedicated link is used in the case of the sixth connection quality, and the frame transmission is checked, but the data frame may be transmitted without performing flow control.

In addition, the method for configuring a low-power wireless mesh network based on a channel hopping time multiplexing radio link according to the present invention is a method for configuring a low-power wireless mesh network based on a channel hopping time multiplexing radio link. Multi-channel Extension (DSME) Media Access Control (MAC) Link Control (DSME MAC Link Control; DLC) Sublayer and Deterministic Synchronous Multi-Channel Extension Media Access Control Link Network (DSME MAC Link Network; DLN) ) configuring the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link with a gateway router, a router and a device based on a sub-layer; and forwarding the data frame to the gateway router, the router, and the device according to the connection quality of the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link.

In this case, the step of configuring the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link includes the router and the device participating in the low-power wireless mesh network through the DLN-SAP (Service Access Point) corresponding to the DNL and the DLC-SAP corresponding to the DLC, LPWMN primitives for path configuration of the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link and departure from the low-power wireless mesh network may be operated.

In this case, in the step of configuring the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link, based on the DLN sublayer, the number of hops to the gateway router is less than the number of hops to the gateway router of the routing device, and the link quality is equal to or greater than the preset reference quality. By selecting a router as a primary inner router, it can start participating in the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link.

In this case, the method for configuring a low-power wireless mesh network based on a channel hopping time multiplexing radio link may further include grouping the routers and devices into a cluster, and allocating a router identifier and a device identifier.

In this case, the step of grouping the routers and devices into clusters and allocating the router identifiers and device identifiers comprises configuring the low-power wireless mesh network in the form of a tree between an upper cluster and a lower cluster, and an intra cluster between the routers. It can be configured in the form of an intra-cluster mesh and an inter-cluster mesh between routers of neighboring clusters.

In this case, the step of grouping the routers and devices into a cluster and allocating a router identifier and a device identifier includes a cluster identifier for identifying the cluster including the router and the device for each of the routers and devices and the cluster identifier within the cluster. A location identifier for distinguishing the location of a router and a device may be assigned.

In this case, the step of grouping the routers and devices into a cluster and allocating the router identifier and the device identifier includes a device identifier corresponding to an upper cluster to which the cluster root router is connected as a device, when the routing apparatus is a cluster root router; The cluster root router may simultaneously allocate a router identifier corresponding to a lower cluster connected as a router.

In this case, the step of configuring the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link is based on the DLN sub-layer, when the routing device is a cluster root router, the cluster connection matrix from the gateway router different from the routing device When receiving information (cluster connectivity matrix) to participate in the low-power wireless mesh network, and when the routing device is not the cluster root router, the low-power wireless Can participate in mesh networks.

In this case, the step of configuring the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link may include, based on the DLC sublayer, receiving a link network management command frame having a departure command payload from a cluster root router different from the routing device, and receiving the low-power wireless mesh You can leave the network.

In this case, the step of transmitting the data frame uses a contention access period (CAP) link in the case of the first connection quality, and transmits the data frame without checking the frame delivery and controlling the flow, and in the case of the second connection quality A CAP link is used, frame forwarding is confirmed, but the data frame is transferred without flow control, and in the case of the third connection quality, a shared link is used, and the data frame is transferred without frame forwarding confirmation and flow control. In the case of the fourth connection quality, the shared link is used, the frame forwarding is checked, but the data frame is forwarded without flow control, and in the case of the fifth connection quality, a dedicated link is used, and the frame forwarding is confirmed. The data frame may be transmitted without overflow control, a dedicated link is used in the case of the sixth connection quality, and frame transmission is checked, but the data frame may be transmitted without performing flow control.

According to the present invention, low-power wireless mesh network configuration in DLN sublayer and DNC sublayer in low-power wireless mesh network based on channel hopping time multiplexing wireless link, multi-hop path configuration, multi-quality data delivery method, path selection method, path operation and maintenance As a method can be provided, there is an advantage in that it is possible to provide a configuration of a low-power wireless mesh network based on a channel hopping time multiplexing radio link and a flexible routing method.

1 is a diagram illustrating a topology of a low-power wireless mesh network according to the present invention.
2 is a block diagram illustrating a routing apparatus for configuring a low-power wireless mesh network based on a channel hopping time multiplexing radio link according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a layer structure of a gateway router, a router, and a device according to the present invention.
4 is an operation flowchart illustrating an example of a method for joining a low-power wireless mesh network of a gateway router, a router, and a device according to the present invention.
5 is a diagram illustrating an example of cluster grouping of routers and assignment of router identifiers according to the present invention.
6 is an operation flowchart illustrating an example of a method for configuring a shared link between devices according to the present invention.
7 is a diagram illustrating an example of connection information and route information between clusters according to the present invention.
8 is an operation flowchart illustrating an example of a method for controlling frame forwarding according to connection quality according to the present invention.
9 is an operation flowchart illustrating an example of a method for leaving a low-power wireless mesh network according to the present invention.
10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a network frame format transmitted between DLC sublayers and between DLN sublayers according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, detailed descriptions of well-known functions or configurations that may obscure the gist of the present invention in the following description and accompanying drawings will be omitted. Also, it should be noted that throughout the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals as much as possible.

The terms or words used in the present specification and claims described below should not be construed as being limited to their ordinary or dictionary meanings, and the inventor is appropriate as a concept of terms for describing his invention in the best way. It should be interpreted as meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention based on the principle that it can be defined in Accordingly, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiment of the present invention, and do not represent all of the technical spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that there may be equivalents and variations. In addition, terms such as first, second, etc. are used to describe various components, and are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from other components, and are not used to limit the components.

1 is a diagram illustrating a topology of a low-power wireless mesh network according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 , a low power wireless mesh network (LPWMN) is composed of a gateway router, a router, and a device, and is connected by a channel hopping-based time multiplexing access link between two nodes.

In this case, the low-power wireless mesh network is composed of a gateway router, a router, and a device having a structure in which the LPWMN function is distributed to link control and link networks.

In addition, the low-power wireless mesh network is configured using the LPWMN primitive to drive the LPWMN function or notify the driving result.

In addition, the low-power wireless mesh network is configured through a gateway router, router, and device-specific start procedure and LPWMN participation procedure for LPWMN configuration.

In addition, a low-power wireless mesh network is constructed by grouping routers into clusters and assigning router identifiers.

In addition, a low-power wireless mesh network is configured by establishing a link path between devices.

In addition, the low-power wireless mesh network includes connection information and route information between clusters.

In addition, low-power wireless mesh networks are constructed by controlling frame forwarding on the link path according to quality.

In addition, in the low-power wireless mesh network, a data frame, a link management command frame, and a link network management command frame are transmitted between devices.

2 is a block diagram illustrating a routing apparatus for configuring a low-power wireless mesh network based on a channel hopping time multiplexing radio link according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2 , a routing apparatus for configuring a low-power wireless mesh network based on a channel hopping time multiplexing radio link according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a communication unit 110 , a control unit 120 , and a cluster unit 130 .

The communication unit 110 transmits the data frame to the gateway router, the router, and the device according to the connection quality of the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link.

In this case, the communication unit 110 uses a contention access period (CAP) link in the case of the first connection quality, and transmits the data frame without checking the frame delivery and controlling the flow, and in the case of the second connection quality, the CAP link , and confirms frame delivery, but delivers the data frame without flow control In the case of the fourth connection quality, a shared link is used and frame forwarding is checked, but the data frame is transmitted without flow control, and in the case of the fifth connection quality, a dedicated link is used, frame forwarding confirmation and flow The data frame is transmitted without controlling, a dedicated link is used in the case of the sixth connection quality, and the frame transmission is checked, but the data frame can be transmitted without flow control.

The control unit 120 includes a deterministic and synchronous multi-channel extension (DSME) media access control (MAC) link control (DSME MAC Link Control; DLC) sublayer and a deterministic synchronous multi-channel extension. Based on the channel extension media access control link network (DSME MAC Link Network; DLN) sublayer, a gateway router, a router and a device and the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link are configured.

At this time, the control unit 120 participates in the low-power wireless mesh network of the routing device through the DLN-SAP (Service Access Point) corresponding to the DNL and the DLC-SAP corresponding to the DLC, the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link LPWMN primitives for path configuration and departure from the low-power wireless mesh network can be operated.

At this time, based on the DLN sublayer, the controller 120 selects a neighbor router whose number of hops to the gateway router is less than the number of hops to the gateway router of the routing device and whose link quality is equal to or greater than a preset reference quality as the primary inner router. (primary inner router) to start participating in the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link.

At this time, based on the DLN sub-layer, when the routing device is a cluster root router, the control unit 120 obtains cluster connectivity matrix information from the gateway router different from the routing device. to participate in the low-power wireless mesh network, and when the routing device is not the cluster root router, it can participate in the low-power wireless mesh network by receiving cluster connection matrix information from a cluster root router different from the routing device. .

At this time, based on the DLC sub-layer, the controller 120 may receive a link network management command frame having a departure command payload from a cluster root router different from the routing device to leave the low-power wireless mesh network. .

The cluster unit 130 groups the routers and devices into clusters, and allocates router identifiers and device identifiers.

In this case, the cluster unit 130 configures the low-power wireless mesh network in the form of a tree between the upper cluster and the lower cluster, and in the form of an intra-cluster mesh between the routers and the routers of the neighboring clusters. It can be configured in the form of an inter-cluster mesh.

In this case, the cluster unit 130 allocates, to each of the routers and devices, a cluster identifier for identifying the cluster including the routers and devices, and a location identifier for distinguishing the locations of the routers and devices in the cluster. can

At this time, when the routing device is a cluster root router, the cluster unit 130 is configured to correspond to a device identifier corresponding to an upper cluster to which the cluster root router is connected as a device and a lower cluster to which the cluster root router is connected as a router. router identifiers can be assigned at the same time.

3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a layer structure of a gateway router, a router, and a device according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3 , the gateway router, router, and device constituting the LPWMN may be physically applied to IEEE 802.15.4 PHY or any wireless physical layer.

The MAC layer is applicable to IEEE 802.15.4e DSME MAC or arbitrary time division multiple access (TDMA) MAC layer.

In particular, gateway routers, routers and devices are deterministic and synchronous multi-channel extension (DSME) media access control (MAC) link control (DSME MAC Link Control; DLC) sublayer (sublayer) and a deterministic synchronous multi-channel extended media access control link network (DSME MAC Link Network; DLN) sublayer.

The DNC sublayer provides a function to control the radio link of the TDMA MAC, and the DNL sublayer provides a routed link-path to the upper layer. It is connected by the control protocol between the DNC sublayer and the DNL sublayer and the control protocol between the DNL sublayers. The DNC sublayer and the DNL sublayer provide service primitives to the upper layer, respectively.

Gateway routers, routers and devices constituting the LPWMN operate the LPWMN primitives for joining, joining, and leaving the LPWMN.

In this case, the LPWMN primitive operates through a DLN-SAP (Service Access Point) corresponding to the DNL and a DLC-SAP corresponding to the DLC.

In this case, the LPWMN primitives operated through the DLN-SAP are shown in Table 1 below.

In this case, the LPWMN primitives operated through the DLC-SAP are shown in Table 2 below.

At this time, the LPWMN function is driven from the upper layer of the DLN using the request primitive and the response primitive of Table 1, and the LPWMN function is driven from the upper layer of the DLC using the request primitive and the response primitive of Table 2 above.

At this time, the LPWMN function result of the DLC layer driven by the lower layer is notified to the upper layer through the DLC-SAP using the indication primitive and the confirm primitive of Table 2, and the LPWMN function result of the DLN layer driven by the lower layer notifies the upper layer through the DLN-SAP using the indication primitive and the confirm primitive of Table 1.

4 is an operation flowchart illustrating an example of a method for joining a low-power wireless mesh network of a gateway router, a router, and a device according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4 , the gateway router operates the LPWMN link network start function by the DLN-START-NETWORK.request primitive.

In addition, the gateway router link network unit (DSME MAC Link Network Entity; DLNE) searches for a neighboring IEEE 802.15.4 series network of a set frequency band and overlaps a channel occupied by the neighboring network and a superframe, so that the channel does not overlap. It starts the LPWMN link network super frame by finding the hopping sequence and the beacon starting point.

At this time, the router starts the router function by the DLN-START-ROUTER.request primitive.

At this time, the router DLNE searches the IEEE 802.15.4e network and starts the link network participation procedure by selecting a neighbor router with a short number of hops to the gateway router and having a link quality higher than the standard as the primary inner router. .

At this time, the router DLNE uses the DLC-DATA-CLINK.request primitive as the cluster root router DLNE after DSME link association when the corresponding router is designated as the cluster root router. command) to the gateway router to request cluster identifier assignment, and receive DLC-DATA-CLINK.confirm from the gate router to configure the cluster.

At this time, the cluster root router DLNE sends a DLC-LINK-SETUP.request primitive to the gateway router, receives DLC-LINK-SETUP.confirm from the gateway router, and provides a shared link from the cluster root router to the gateway router. make up

Thereafter, the cluster route router DLNE sets the Route Update Request Type field of the link network management command frame to a full cluster connectivity matrix in order to obtain link network routing information from the gateway router to obtain DLC-DATA-SLINK.request It transmits to the gateway router using the primitive, and receives the cluster connection matrix information from the gateway router to the DLC-DATA-SLINK.indication primitive to complete the cluster root router's LPWMN participation.

Also, if the router DLNE is not designated as a cluster root router, after obtaining the router address through DSME link association, the router DLNE sends the DLC-LINK-SETUP.request primitive to the primary inner router as a general router DLNE. It transmits and receives the DLC-LINK-SETUP.confirm primitive from the primary inner router to configure the shared link configuration from the general router to the primary inner router.

At this time, the general router DLNE sets the Route Update Request Type field of the link network management command frame to the entire cluster connection matrix in order to obtain link network routing information from the cluster root router, and uses the DLC-DATA-SLINK. It is transmitted to the root router, and cluster connection matrix information is received from the cluster root router in the DLC-DATA-SLINK.indication primitive to complete the general router's participation in LPWMN.

At this time, the cluster root router DLNE or the general router DLNE notifies the upper layer that the device start is completed with the DLN-START-DEVICE.confirm primitive when the cluster root router or general router has completed participating in the LPWMN.

The device start function is operated by the DLN-START-DEVICE.request primitive.

The device DLNE searches the IEEE 802.15.4e network and the number of hops to the gateway router is short, selects a neighbor router with link quality above the standard as the primary inner router, and when DSME link association with the primary inner router is completed, DLN-START- The DEVICE.confirm primitive notifies the upper layer that device startup has been completed.

5 is a diagram illustrating an example of cluster grouping of routers and assignment of router identifiers according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 5 , the LPWMN is composed of clusters in which device connections have a tree structure, and the cluster is composed of cluster root routers, routers, and devices.

In this case, the device identifier is composed of a cluster ID for identifying the cluster and a locator ID within the cluster for identifying the location of the device in the cluster.

At this time, the device location identifier in the cluster of the cluster root router is assigned as 0.

At this time, the cluster root router has both the device identifier of the connected upper cluster and the cluster root router identifier.

For example, the first cluster root router has a device identifier (cluster ID = 0, locator ID = i) and a cluster root router identifier (cluster ID = 1, locator ID = 0) of the connected upper cluster (cluster ID = 0). have at the same time

In this case, the routers or devices in the cluster distribute and allocate identifiers according to the maximum cluster depth, the maximum number of devices connectable to the router, and the maximum possible number of routers among the router-connected devices.

6 is an operation flowchart illustrating an example of a method for configuring a shared link between devices according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 6 , the LPWMN provides link path configuration between any two devices.

When two devices are adjacent, a link is formed, and when two devices are separated by multi-hop, a link path connecting the links is formed.

In this case, the link path is directional, and may be any one of a unidirectional link path and a bidirectional link path.

In this case, the link path may be any one of a shared link path and a proprietary link path according to a method of limiting the use of a device after path configuration.

In this case, the link path is divided into a link path toward a root router between routers in a cluster, a link path starting from the root router, and an inter-cluster router and mesh link path of an adjacent cluster.

Link path configuration starts with a request by the DLC-LINK-SETUP.request primitive from the upper layer of the DLC sublayer of the device requesting link path configuration.

The link establishment request DLCE obtains information on neighboring routers reachable to the destination device from the route table and sends a link setup request control frame to the neighboring routers through a contention access period (CAP) link or a previously established unique link.

If there is a link reachable from the route table to the final destination of the link path, the neighboring router checks whether DSME guaranteed time slot (GTS) allocation for link establishment between the neighboring router and link establishment request devices is possible. If DSME GTS allocation is possible, a DSME-GTS request MAC command frame is sent to the link establishment request device.

When the neighboring router receives the DSME-GTS reply MAC command frame from the link establishment requesting device, it confirms that the link is established with the link establishment requesting device and modifies the link table.

If bidirectional link establishment is requested, the neighbor router sends a link setup request control frame to the link establishment request device. Upon receiving the link establishment request device, the DSME-GTS request MAC command frame is sent to the neighboring router. When the link establishment requesting device receives the DSME-GTS reply MAC command frame from the neighboring router, it sends a link setup response control frame to the neighboring router to notify the completion of the bidirectional link establishment.

If the neighbor router is the final destination of the link path, it sends a link setup response control frame to the link setup request device to inform that the link path setup is complete.

If the neighboring router is not the final destination of the link path, the above procedure is repeated with the next router to the selected final destination.

7 is a diagram illustrating an example of connection information and route information between clusters according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 7 , the cluster of LPWMN is in the form of a tree between an upper cluster and a lower cluster, an intra-cluster mesh connection between routers in a cluster, and an inter-cluster mesh between routers of a neighboring cluster. cluster mesh) connection.

Cluster configuration information is displayed in a cluster table and is shown in Table 3 below.

An entry in the cluster table is composed of connection information of a cluster root router or a router connected to an inter-cluster mesh link and a standard of the cluster.

The cluster table entry of the cluster root router contains address information such as router address, router extended address, and address assigned to the cluster root router within the parent cluster, the number of hops between the gateway router and the cluster root router that defines the cluster specification, the depth of the cluster, and the maximum access It consists of the number of allowed routers, the maximum number of devices allowed to connect, and the root router address of a sub-cluster belonging to this cluster.

A cluster table entry of a router connected to an inter-cluster mesh link consists of link connection counterpart router address information.

The cluster connection matrix consists of information extracted from the cluster table. It is composed of an identifier list of clusters connected to this cluster using the cluster identifier as an index.

Entries in the cluster table are managed by the gateway router. An entry in the cluster table is added when a cluster root router participates in LPWMN and requests a new cluster assignment from a gateway router or when an inter-cluster mesh link is created. When the cluster root router leaves the LPWMN or the inter-cluster mesh link is released, the entry in the corresponding cluster table is deleted and the information of the connected cluster is also modified.

The cluster root router receives cluster table information from the gateway router or the root router of an upper-connected cluster. When a router in a cluster joins a cluster, it receives the router address and cluster table information from the cluster root router.

The root table of the LPWMN is shown in Table 4 below.

Link paths are shown in Table 5 below.

Link path information is shown in Table 6 below.

The route table of LPWMN consists of a destination address and a link path list. A link path consists of a link path identifier and a link path cost. Link path information includes a link path identifier, link type, neighbor router address, receiving link slot information, It consists of transmission link slot information, the number of link allocation slots, link quality, and a link transmission/reception frame counter per unit time.

The route selection is based on the cluster connection matrix, a path between clusters that can be connected to the cluster including the destination device.

According to the route table information of the adjacent cluster collected by the cluster root router or the intra-cluster router, the adjacent cluster that can be connected to the destination cluster is selected.

A configurable route to a destination device is selected according to whether a link path between routers that can connect to a cluster root router or an intra-cluster router is set.

Configurable routes are prioritized according to the sum of the cost of the link paths applied to each route, and are sequentially stored in the link path list of the route table entry.

The route table entry is added if a route can be created when the router completes link route setup or when data transfer is requested to the first designated destination device. The root table entry is deleted when the corresponding link path is released or not used for a certain period of time.

The route table maintained by the router is managed by dividing it into a route table entry based on the link path it manages and a route table entry collected from a neighbor router.

The cluster root router integrates and manages the route table of routers in the cluster. When there is a change in the route table entry, the router notifies the cluster route router by using a link network management command frame with route update response command payload.

The inter-cluster router provides the cluster routing table information to the inter-cluster router of the adjacent cluster. In addition, the neighbor cluster routing table information is provided from the inter-cluster router of the adjacent cluster and reported to the cluster route table.

The cluster root router uses the link network management command frame with the route update request command payload to periodically or irregularly modify route table information of the router.

8 is an operation flowchart illustrating an example of a method for controlling frame forwarding according to connection quality according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 8, frame transmission is controlled by classifying the connection quality between DLCEs at both ends of the LPWMN into six categories.

Class 1 uses a CAP link and forwards frames without acknowledgment of frame delivery and flow control.

Class 2 uses the CAP link and confirms frame forwarding, but does not perform flow control and forwards the frame.

Class 3 uses a shared link and forwards frames without acknowledging frame delivery and controlling flow.

Class 4 uses a shared link and checks for frame delivery, but does not do flow control and delivers frames.

Class 5 uses a dedicated link and forwards frames without acknowledging frame delivery and controlling flow.

Class 6 uses a dedicated link and confirms frame delivery, but does not perform flow control and delivers frames.

DLCE performs routing when receiving a data frame forwarding request from an upper layer or forwarding a frame received from an adjacent router. If the destination address of the frame is not found in the root table or cluster table, the DLNE requests the cluster root router to update the cluster table.

9 is an operation flowchart illustrating an example of a method for leaving a low-power wireless mesh network according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 9 , devices at both ends of a configured link path manage the state of the link path. The DLCE of the device transmits a link management request command frame having a link hello request command payload to a link path end device using the established link. The link path end device responds with a link management command frame with a link hello response command payload.

If the link management response command frame does not arrive within the link management timeout time, the link path status check is attempted as many times as the number of link management trials. If there is no response or the link path status is not normal, the link path setting is canceled.

If the router does not have a set link path for a certain period of time, it periodically performs the router start procedure.

When a router leaves the cluster, it sends a link network management command frame with leave request command payload to the cluster root router. After receiving the link network management command frame with the leave response command payload from the cluster root router, the set link paths with neighboring routers or devices connected to the router are sequentially released.

After receiving the link network management command frame with the link release request command payload, the counterpart router sends the link network management command frame with the link release response command payload to the departure requesting router after completing the DSME-GTS allocation.

10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a network frame format transmitted between DLC sublayers and between DLN sublayers according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 10 , the format of a network frame transmitted between DLC sublayers and between DLN sublayers according to the present invention is a frame control unit (Frame Control), a link network addressing field (Network Addressing fields), a link management subframe unit ( Link Management subframe), a link network management subframe unit (Link Network Management subframe), is composed of a frame payload (Frame Payload).

The link management subframe and the link network management subframe can be simultaneously transmitted together with the frame payload.

The frame control unit is composed of protocol version, frame forwarding processing method on link, destination address flag, source address flag, destination address mode, source address mode, link management subframe flag, link network management subframe flag, etc. . The frame forwarding processing method on the frame link is divided into six types, and the flags are set to 1 when the corresponding information is transmitted in the link network header.

The link management subframe unit includes a link management command type, a serial number, a length of a link management command payload, and a link management command payload. The link management command payload is divided into a link path establishment request and response, a link path release request and response, and a link path confirmation request and response.

The link network management subframe unit includes a link network management command type, a serial number, a length of a link network management command payload, and a link network management command payload. The link network management command payload is divided into cluster configuration request and response, routing information update request and response, link network departure request and response, data flow control request and response, and the like.

As described above, in the routing apparatus and method for configuring a low-power wireless mesh network based on a channel hopping time multiplexing radio link according to the present invention, the configuration and method of the embodiments described above are not limitedly applicable, but the above embodiment Examples may be configured by selectively combining all or part of each embodiment so that various modifications can be made.

110: communication department
120: control unit
130: cluster unit

Claims (20)

delete delete A routing device for configuring a low power wireless mesh network (LPWNM) composed of a channel hopping time multiplexing radio link, the routing device comprising:
Deterministic and Synchronous Multi-channel Extension (DSME) Media Access Control (MAC) Link Control (DSME MAC Link Control; DLC) Sublayer and Deterministic Synchronous Multi-channel Extension Media Access Control a control unit configured to configure the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link with a gateway router, a router and a device based on a DSME MAC Link Network (DLN) sublayer; and
A communication unit that transmits a data frame to the gateway router, router, and device based on data communication types through the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link
including,
the control unit
operating LPWMN primitives for participation of the routing device in the low power wireless mesh network, path configuration of the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link, and departure from the low power wireless mesh network;
The LPWMN primitives are
a DLN-START-NETWORK.request primitive for activating the LPWMN;
a DLN-START-ROUTER.request primitive for allowing the router to join the LPWMN;
a DLN-START-DEVICE.request primitive for allowing the device to subscribe to the LPWMN;
a DLC-DATA-CLINK.request primitive to allow a cluster root router to request a cluster identifier assignment by sending a cluster formation request command;
By sending a link network management command frame including a Route Update Request Type field set to a full cluster connectivity matrix, the cluster root router is connected to the link network. DLC-DATA-SLINK.request primitive to allow obtaining routing information; and
a DLC-LINK-SETUP.request primitive for allowing a higher layer of the DLC sublayer to request the setup of a link path;
The link network routing information is
It includes any one of cluster configuration information, route information, link path information, and neighbor link information,
The cluster configuration information is
including a router address, router extension address, router reflector address, depth, maximum depth, maximum children, maximum router and child cluster list,
The route information is
contains a list of destination addresses and link routes;
The link path information is
including a link ID and a link path cost;
The neighbor link information includes link ID, link type, neighbor address, reception superframe ID, reception slot ID, transmission superframe ID, reception slot ID, number of slots, link quality and frame count. Routing device characterized. 4. The method according to claim 3,
the routing device
A cluster unit for grouping the routers and devices into clusters
Routing device, characterized in that it further comprises. 4. The method according to claim 3,
DLC sublayer entity (DLCE) is
Obtains information about a neighbor router from a router table, transmits a link setup request control frame to the neighbor router through a contention access period (CAP) link or a preset shared link, and sends the link setup request control frame to the router table. Routing device, characterized in that when the route does not exist, requesting a route update to the cluster root router. 6. The method of claim 5,
the neighbor router
Routing apparatus, characterized in that for transmitting a DSME GTS request MAC command frame (DSME GTS request MAC command frame) to the device to allocate a DSME guaranteed time slot (Guaranteed Time Slot; GTS). delete 4. The method according to claim 3,
the control unit
Based on the DLN sub-layer, when the routing device is the cluster root router, it receives cluster connection matrix information from the gateway router different from the routing device to participate in the low-power wireless mesh network, and the routing device is configured to: If the router is not the cluster route router, the routing device receives the cluster connection matrix information from the cluster route router different from the routing device to participate in the low-power wireless mesh network. 9. The method of claim 8,
the control unit
and leaving the low-power wireless mesh network by receiving the link network management command frame having a departure command payload from the cluster root router different from the routing device, based on the DLC sub-layer. 6. The method of claim 5,
the communication unit
In the case of the first type, the CAP (contention access period) link is used, the data frame is transmitted without frame forwarding confirmation and flow control, and in the second type, the CAP link is used and the frame forwarding is confirmed. , transmits the data frame without performing flow control, uses a shared link in the case of the third type, transmits the data frame without checking frame delivery and without flow control, and in the case of the fourth type, uses a shared link and confirms frame transfer, but transfers the data frame without performing flow control, using a dedicated link in the case of the fifth type, and transfers the data frame without performing frame transfer confirmation and flow control, In case of the sixth type, a dedicated link is used and the frame transmission is confirmed, but the data frame is transmitted without flow control. delete delete A method for configuring a channel hopping time multiplexing radio link-based low-power wireless mesh network in a routing device, the method comprising:
Deterministic and Synchronous Multi-channel Extension (DSME) Media Access Control (MAC) Link Control (DSME MAC Link Control; DLC) Sublayer and Deterministic Synchronous Multi-channel Extension Media Access Control configuring the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link with a gateway router, a router and a device based on a DSME MAC Link Network (DLN) sublayer; and
forwarding a data frame to the gateway router, router and device based on data communication types over the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link.
including,
The step of configuring the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link comprises:
operating LPWMN primitives for participation of the router and device in the low power wireless mesh network, path configuration of the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link, and departure from the low power wireless mesh network;
The LPWMN primitives are
a DLN-START-NETWORK.request primitive for activating the LPWMN;
a DLN-START-ROUTER.request primitive for allowing the router to join the LPWMN;
a DLN-START-DEVICE.request primitive for allowing the device to subscribe to the LPWMN;
a DLC-DATA-CLINK.request primitive to allow a cluster root router to request a cluster identifier assignment by sending a cluster formation request command;
By sending a link network management command frame including a Route Update Request Type field set to a full cluster connectivity matrix, the cluster root router is connected to the link network. DLC-DATA-SLINK.request primitive to allow obtaining routing information; and
a DLC-LINK-SETUP.request primitive for allowing a higher layer of the DLC sublayer to request the setup of a link path;
The link network routing information is
It includes any one of cluster configuration information, route information, link path information, and neighbor link information,
The cluster configuration information is
including a router address, router extension address, router reflector address, depth, maximum depth, maximum children, maximum router and child cluster list,
The route information is
contains a list of destination addresses and link routes;
The link path information is
including a link ID and a link path cost;
The neighbor link information includes link ID, link type, neighbor address, reception superframe ID, reception slot ID, transmission superframe ID, reception slot ID, number of slots, link quality and frame count. A method for configuring a low-power wireless mesh network based on a channel hopping time multiplexing radio link, characterized in that 14. The method of claim 13,
The method for configuring a low-power wireless mesh network based on the channel hopping time multiplexing wireless link is
grouping the routers and devices into clusters;
A method for configuring a low-power wireless mesh network based on a channel hopping time multiplexing radio link further comprising a. 14. The method of claim 13,
DLC sublayer entity (DLCE) is
Obtains information about a neighbor router from a router table, transmits a link setup request control frame to the neighbor router through a contention access period (CAP) link or a preset shared link, and sends the link setup request control frame to the router table. A method for configuring a low-power wireless mesh network based on a channel hopping time multiplexing radio link, characterized in that when a path does not exist, a path update is requested from the cluster root router. 16. The method of claim 15,
the neighbor router
Channel hopping time multiplexing radio link-based low-power wireless mesh network, characterized in that it transmits a DSME GTS request MAC command frame to the device for allocation of a DSME guaranteed time slot (GTS) How to configure. delete 14. The method of claim 13,
The step of configuring the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link comprises:
Based on the DLN sub-layer, when the routing device is the cluster root router, it receives cluster connection matrix information from the gateway router different from the routing device to participate in the low-power wireless mesh network, and the routing device is configured to: Channel hopping time multiplexing radio link-based low-power wireless mesh network configuration, characterized in that, if the router is not a cluster route router, it participates in the low-power wireless mesh network by receiving the cluster connection matrix information from the cluster route router different from the routing device. way for. 14. The method of claim 13,
The step of configuring the channel hopping time multiplexing radio link comprises:
Channel hopping time multiplexing, characterized in that receiving the link network management command frame having a departure command payload from the cluster root router different from the routing device and leaving the low-power wireless mesh network based on the DLC sub-layer A method for configuring a wireless link-based low-power wireless mesh network. 16. The method of claim 15,
The step of transmitting the data frame is
In the case of the first type, the CAP (contention access period) link is used, the data frame is transmitted without frame forwarding confirmation and flow control, and in the second type, the CAP link is used and the frame forwarding is confirmed. , transmits the data frame without performing flow control, uses a shared link in the case of the third type, transmits the data frame without checking frame delivery and without flow control, and in the case of the fourth type, uses a shared link and confirms frame transfer, but transfers the data frame without performing flow control, using a dedicated link in the case of the fifth type, and transfers the data frame without performing frame transfer confirmation and flow control, In the sixth type, a channel hopping time multiplexing radio link-based low-power wireless mesh network configuration, characterized in that a dedicated link is used and the frame transfer is confirmed, but the data frame is transferred without flow control. way for.

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