KR102298041B1 - Glasses and lens for providing varifocal for astigmatism correction - Google Patents

Abstract

Glasses that provide variable focus for astigmatism correction are disclosed in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The glasses providing variable focus for astigmatism correction include: a lens providing variable focus; a frame coupled to a portion of the lens to fix the lens, and having a shape that can be worn by a user of the glasses; and a control unit for adjusting the focus of the lens. Including, wherein the lens includes: a liquid crystal layer variably aligned according to a voltage to have a variable refractive index; a first lens-shaped optical unit having one side in contact with one side of the liquid crystal layer; a second lens-shaped optical unit having one side in contact with the other side of the liquid crystal layer; and a transparent electrode unit including a plurality of electrode cells arranged in a predetermined pattern, wherein each of the plurality of electrode cells applies a voltage according to a position on the lens to the liquid crystal layer; and, the controller may apply a voltage of at least one first electrode cell corresponding to an astigmatism axis of a wearer among the plurality of electrode cells to be different from a voltage of a second electrode cell.

Description

GLASSES AND LENS FOR PROVIDING VARIFOCAL FOR ASTIGMATISM CORRECTION

The present disclosure relates to glasses and lenses, and more particularly, to glasses and lenses that provide a variable focus for astigmatism correction using liquid crystals.

Conventional lenses used for vision correction include one or more fixed focusing magnifications. For example, a person with presbyopia in which the lens of the eye loses elasticity and close focusing is impaired uses an ophthalmic device that provides different fixed magnifications for near and far vision. A lens with a fixed focusing magnification limits the vision correction potential of the lens to a standard magnification and position within the lens.

For vision correction, monofocal lenses, bifocal lenses, and multifocal lenses are used. A single-focal lens is a lens that corrects only a short distance or a distance, and it is inconvenient for a user to change and wear glasses corresponding to each distance. Bifocal lenses can compensate for far and near. Bifocal lenses vary the refractive index of a specific area of the lens, so that the wearer can see near and far depending on the position of the wearer's gaze. , there is the inconvenience of having to fix the glasses and wear them. In addition, bifocal lenses may cause dizziness when going down stairs or looking at a distant place, and an image jump phenomenon may appear, and there is a problem in appearance due to the boundary between the near part and the far part. A multifocal lens is a lens that includes a progressive part for near vision and less dizziness than a bifocal lens. However, multifocal lenses have multiple dioptric powers overlapped on a narrow lens area, so the progressive and near areas are narrow. , the progressive band used for specifying the intermediate distance is narrow and unstable, making it impossible to use it stably for a long time, and the near field of view is narrow and inconvenient.

In order to solve this problem, a variable focus lens that changes the focus in a single area is attracting attention. Patent Publication No. 10-2012-0033696 discloses a lens having a focal length adjustable by a transparent elastic film and a permanent magnet.

Astigmatism is a type of refractive error in which the light entering the eye is caused by an abnormality in the cornea or lens and focuses on two or more points. In general, the cornea has a surface close to a sphere, but when the cornea has a surface similar to an ellipsoid, such as a rugby ball, corneal astigmatism occurs. In the case of astigmatism, the focus is different from each other due to the difference in the refractive power of the cornea and the axis forming a right angle with respect to a specific axis. In order to correct this, the astigmatism correction lens performs a function of collecting the focus into one point by applying dioptric power in a specific axial direction.

Existing varifocal lenses do not have means for adding additional power in a specific axial direction, so they are not suitable for astigmatism correction. Accordingly, there is a need for eyeglasses and lenses that provide variable focus with configurations for astigmatism correction.

The present disclosure has been made in response to the above-mentioned background art, and is to provide glasses and lenses for providing a variable focus for astigmatism correction.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure for realizing the above-described problems, glasses are disclosed that provide variable focus for astigmatism correction. The glasses providing variable focus for astigmatism correction include: a lens providing variable focus; a frame coupled to a portion of the lens to fix the lens, and having a shape that can be worn by a user of the glasses; and a control unit for adjusting the focus of the lens. Including, wherein the lens includes: a liquid crystal layer variably aligned according to a voltage to have a variable refractive index; a first lens-shaped optical unit having one side in contact with one side of the liquid crystal layer; a second lens-shaped optical unit having one side in contact with the other side of the liquid crystal layer; and a transparent electrode unit including a plurality of electrode cells arranged in a predetermined pattern, wherein each of the plurality of electrode cells applies a voltage according to a position on the lens to the liquid crystal layer; and, the controller may apply a voltage of at least one first electrode cell corresponding to an astigmatism axis of a wearer among the plurality of electrode cells to be different from a voltage of a second electrode cell.

In addition, the predetermined pattern includes a plurality of closed curve patterns, each of the plurality of closed curve patterns has a reference voltage, the voltage of the first electrode cell is different from the reference voltage, and the second electrode cell has a reference voltage. The voltage may be the same as the reference voltage.

Also, the reference voltage of each of the plurality of closed curve patterns may be determined by a radius of each of the plurality of closed curves.

Also, the voltage of each of the first electrode cells may be determined according to a distance from the astigmatism axis of the wearer.

In addition, the lens may further include a nanostructure positioned on the inner surface of the first lens-shaped optical unit or the second lens-shaped optical unit.

In addition, the nanostructure may have a Fresnel shape.

In addition, each of the plurality of electrode cells may include a thin film transistor and an electrode.

In addition, each of the plurality of electrode cells may receive electricity through a via hole.

According to some other embodiments of the present disclosure for realizing the above-described problems, a lens included in glasses providing a variable focus for astigmatism correction is disclosed. The lens included in the glasses providing the variable focus for astigmatism correction includes a liquid crystal layer variably aligned according to a voltage to have a variable refractive index; a first lens-shaped optical unit having one side in contact with one side of the liquid crystal layer; a second lens-shaped optical unit having one side in contact with the other side of the liquid crystal layer; and a transparent electrode unit including a plurality of electrode cells arranged in a predetermined pattern, wherein each of the plurality of electrode cells applies a voltage according to a position on the lens to the liquid crystal layer; Including, a voltage of at least one of the first electrode cells corresponding to the astigmatism axis of the wearer among the plurality of electrode cells may be applied differently from the voltage of the second electrode cell.

The present disclosure has been devised in response to the above-described background art, and may provide glasses and lenses for providing a variable focus for astigmatism correction.

1A is a diagram for explaining astigmatism.
1B is a diagram for explaining an astigmatism axis.
1C is a view for explaining a conventional variable focus lens.
2 is a block diagram of glasses for providing variable focus according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
3A to 3E are views for explaining a transparent electrode unit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
4 is a side cross-sectional view of a lens of eyeglasses for providing variable focus according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
5 is a perspective view illustrating an example of the appearance of glasses for providing variable focus according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
6A is a view illustrating that a lens of eyeglasses operates to correct a farsightedness according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
6B is a view illustrating that the lenses of glasses operate to correct myopia according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Various embodiments are now described with reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to like elements throughout. In this specification, various descriptions are presented to provide an understanding of the present disclosure. However, it is apparent that these embodiments may be practiced without these specific descriptions. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are provided in block diagram form in order to facilitate describing the embodiments.

The terms “component,” “module,” “system,” and the like, as used herein, refer to a computer-related entity, hardware, firmware, software, a combination of software and hardware, or execution of software. For example, a component can be, but is not limited to being, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, a thread of execution, a program, and/or a computer. For example, both an application running on a computing device and the computing device may be a component. One or more components may reside within a processor and/or thread of execution, and a component may be localized within one computer, or distributed between two or more computers. In addition, these components can execute from various computer readable media having various data structures stored therein. The components may contain, for example, a signal having one or more data packets (eg, data from one component interacting with another component in a local system, a distributed system and/or data via a network such as the Internet with another system via a signal). ) may communicate via local and/or remote processes.

Descriptions of the presented embodiments are provided to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to use or practice the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments presented herein, but is to be construed in the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features presented herein.

1A is a diagram for explaining astigmatism. 1B is a diagram for explaining an astigmatism axis. 1B is a view for explaining a conventional variable focus lens.

Astigmatism can refer to an optical or refractive defect in which a person's vision is blurred due to the eye's inability to focus an object into a focused image on the retina. Unlike myopia and/or hyperopia, which is associated with eye size or corneal steepness, astigmatism can be caused by abnormal non-rotational symmetry or non-spherical curvature of the cornea. An intact cornea has a spherical shape (see (a) of FIG. 1A), whereas the cornea of a person with astigmatism has a non-spherical shape (see (b)-(d) of FIG. 1A). In other words, the cornea is actually more curved or steeper in one direction than the other, causing the image to stretch out of focus.

Fig. 1a (a) shows a normal cornea, Fig. 1a (b) shows a normal direct astigmatism cornea, Fig. 1a (c) shows a normal stolen cornea, and Fig. 1a (d) shows a negative cornea. The cornea, which is astigmatous, is shown.

In order to correct astigmatism, a lens for correcting astigmatism that measures the axis of astigmatism and puts power in the direction of the measured astigmatism axis to bring the focus to one point is used. For example, FIG. 1B (a) shows the measurement result of the astigmatism axis of a person who is a normal theft person. Here, since the direction of the line appearing thicker than other lines is 90 degrees, the astigmatism axis may be 90 degrees. As another example, (b) of FIG. 1B shows the measurement result of the astigmatism axis of a person with normal direct astigmatism. Here, since the direction of the line appearing thicker than other lines is 0 degrees (or 180 degrees), the astigmatism axis may be 0 degrees (or 180 degrees).

As described above, in order to correct astigmatism, it is necessary to add power in the direction of the astigmatism axis. 1C shows a plurality of closed-curve electrodes used in a conventional variable focus lens. Such an electrode pattern may have a shape corresponding to a normal curved shape of the cornea in order to collect light on a focal point while reducing aberration. However, such an electrode pattern is a configuration in which it is difficult to add an additional power in a specific astigmatism axis direction, and therefore, such an electrode pattern is difficult to be used for astigmatism correction.

Glasses and lenses for providing variable focus of the present disclosure include a transparent electrode unit including a plurality of electrode cells capable of individually applying a voltage on a liquid crystal layer so as to add an additional dioptric power in a specific astigmatism axis direction. Since each of the plurality of electrode cells may have an individual voltage value corresponding to the wearer's astigmatism axis, the glasses and lenses for providing the variable focus of the present disclosure may be used for astigmatism correction.

2 is a block diagram of glasses for providing variable focus according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. 3A to 3E are views for explaining a transparent electrode unit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; 4 is a side cross-sectional view of a lens of eyeglasses for providing variable focus according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

The lens 100 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure includes a first lens-shaped optical unit 110 , a second lens-shaped optical unit 120 , a liquid crystal layer 130 , a display unit 131 , and a transparent electrode unit ( 140 ), and the nanostructure 150 . The above-described structure of the lens 100 is merely an example, and any one of the above-described components may be removed or any component may be added.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the lens 100 includes a first lens-shaped optical unit 110 in which one side is in contact with one side of the liquid crystal layer 130 and the other side of the liquid crystal layer 130 at one side. It may include a second lens-shaped optical unit 120 in contact with the side.

One side of each of the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 and the second lens-shaped optical unit 120 may be disposed in contact with the liquid crystal layer 130 . The lens 100 may have a structure in which the liquid crystal layer 130 is accommodated by the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 and the second lens-shaped optical unit 120 . The first lens-shaped optical unit 110 and the second lens-shaped optical unit 120 may have complementary structures to suppress aberration. For example, if the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 is a concave lens, the second lens-shaped optical unit 120 may have a convex lens shape. In addition, the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 and the second lens-shaped optical unit 120 may include at least one of a concave lens, a convex lens, and an aspherical lens. The above-described types of lenses are merely examples, and the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 and the second lens-shaped optical unit 120 may be formed of lenses of arbitrary shapes.

In addition, the transparent electrode unit 140 may be positioned on one side of the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 and the second lens-shaped optical unit 120 . For example, as shown in FIG. 4 , the transparent electrode unit 140 may be positioned on the inner surface of the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 . In addition, the transparent electrode unit 140 may be positioned on the inner surface of the second lens-shaped optical unit 120 . In addition, the transparent electrode unit 140 may be positioned on each of the inner surface of the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 and the inner surface of the second lens-shaped optical unit 120 , and in this case, the transparent electrode is the first lens It may have a structure in which a voltage is applied from the inner surface of the optical shape 110 to the inner surface of the second lens-shaped optical unit 120 (or vice versa).

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the lens 100 may include a liquid crystal layer 130 that is variably aligned according to a voltage to have a variable refractive index. The liquid crystal layer 130 may be accommodated inside the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 and the second lens-shaped optical unit 120 . The liquid crystal layer 130 allows the refractive index of the light passing through the liquid crystal layer 130 to change based on the arrangement state of the liquid crystal layer 130 that is changed by the voltage applied from the transparent electrode unit 140 to the lens. can be made variable in focus. Accordingly, the glasses according to some embodiments of the present disclosure can provide variable focus, so that the user can conveniently use the glasses without being affected by the appearance and without having to change the glasses in a cumbersome manner.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 130 by the transparent electrode unit 140 is the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 130 and the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 and the second lens shape. The deviation of the refractive index of the optical unit 120 may be adjusted to increase from the center of the lens toward the outside of the lens 100 . The liquid crystal layer 130 has the same refractive index or similar refractive index to the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 and the second lens-shaped optical unit 120 in the center of the lens 100 when the glasses 1000 are operated, At the outside of the lens 100 , a refractive index having a large deviation from the refractive indices of the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 and the second lens-shaped optical unit 120 may be provided.

The liquid crystal layer 130 may be composed of a plurality of regions. In this case, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 130 may be differently adjusted according to a plurality of regions to suppress aberration by varying the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer according to a position on the lens 100 . However, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 130 is not limited thereto, and according to the pattern of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 130 (or according to the pattern of the transparent electrode unit 140 to which the voltage is applied as described below), the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 130 is It can be variously adjusted.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the liquid crystal layer 130 may include at least one of a nematic liquid crystal, a smectic liquid crystal, a ferroelectric liquid crystal, and a chiral liquid crystal. In addition, the liquid crystal layer 130 may include different types of liquid crystals to enable fine diopter control.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the lens 100 may include the transparent electrode unit 140 including a plurality of electrode cells arranged in a predetermined pattern. Here, each of the plurality of electrode cells may apply a voltage according to a position on the lens 100 to the liquid crystal layer 130 .

The transparent electrode unit 140 may include a plurality of electrode cells arranged in a predetermined pattern. The predetermined pattern of the transparent electrode part 140 is a liquid crystal layer so that the lens 100 can be used to correct visual acuity (ie, correct myopia or farsightedness, or correct astigmatism by adjusting voltages of individual electrode cells together). A pattern for orienting 130 may be included. For example, the predetermined pattern may include a plurality of closed curve patterns. Each of the plurality of closed curve patterns may be a concentric circle (or ellipse) centered on the center of the lens, and in this case, the plurality of closed curve patterns may be a pattern capable of collecting light onto an intended focal point. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the predetermined pattern may include various patterns.

The transparent electrode unit 140 may include a plurality of electrode cells. Each of the plurality of electrode cells may apply a voltage according to a position on the lens to the liquid crystal layer. The plurality of electrode cells may be arranged in a predetermined pattern as described above. In this case, each of the plurality of electrode cells may apply a voltage according to a position on the lens 100 to the liquid crystal layer 130 according to a predetermined pattern.

An embodiment in which the predetermined pattern is a plurality of closed curve patterns is shown in FIG. 3A . Here, the plurality of closed curve patterns include electrode cells 1020 forming a first closed curve pattern having the smallest radius, electrode cells 1030 forming a second closed curve pattern having a second smallest radius, and a third positioned at the outermost portion. It is composed of electrode cells 1040 forming a closed curve pattern. The predetermined pattern shown in FIG. 3A is merely an example, and the embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

The electrode cells included in each of the plurality of closed curve patterns may have a reference voltage. Here, the reference voltage may mean a voltage equally applied to the liquid crystal layer 130 by electrode cells included in any one of a plurality of closed curve patterns in order to collect light on the focal point of the lens 100 . In this case, the reference voltage of each of the plurality of closed curve patterns may be determined by the radius of each of the plurality of closed curves so that the lens 100 functions as a convex lens or a concave lens. For example, in order for the lens 100 to function as a convex lens, the reference voltage of each of the plurality of closed curve patterns may decrease as the radius increases. As another example, in order for the lens 100 to function as a concave lens, the reference voltage of each of the plurality of closed curve patterns may increase as the radius increases. Accordingly, when a reference voltage determined according to a radius of each closed curve pattern is applied to the liquid crystal layer 130 , the lens 100 may be used to correct myopia or farsightedness (in some cases, astigmatism). However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the reference voltage may be variously determined.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a voltage of at least one of the first electrode cells corresponding to the astigmatism axis of the wearer among the plurality of electrode cells may be applied differently from the voltage of the second electrode cell. As described above, in order for the lens 100 to correct astigmatism, it is necessary to add power along a specific astigmatism axis. To this end, the electrode cells included in each of the plurality of closed curve patterns do not all apply a constant voltage (eg, a reference voltage) to the liquid crystal layer 130 , but an electrode cell placed on the astigmatism axis or an electrode cell adjacent to the astigmatism axis. (For example, an electrode cell closest to the astigmatism axis among the electrode cells included in any one closed curve pattern) may apply a voltage different from that of the other electrode cells on the liquid crystal layer 130 . Here, the electrode cell(s) corresponding to the wearer's astigmatism axis may be referred to as a first electrode cell, and electrode cells other than the first electrode cell may be referred to as a second electrode cell.

FIG. 3B shows the arrangement of the first electrode cell and the second electrode cell of the transparent electrode unit 140 when the axis of astigmatism is 90 degrees. Here, among the electrode cells 1021 and 1022 forming the first closed curve pattern having the smallest radius, the electrode cell 1021 on the astigmatism axis at 90 degrees may be the first electrode cell, and an electrode cell other than the electrode cell 1021 . The elements 1022 may be second electrode cells. In this case, in order to add an additional power in the direction of the astigmatism axis, the voltage of the first electrode cell may be different from the voltage of the second electrode cell. For example, the voltage of the second electrode cell may be the reference voltage of the first closed curve pattern, and the voltage of the first electrode cell may be less than or greater than the reference voltage of the first closed curve pattern. Here, the difference between the voltage of the first electrode cell and the voltage of the second electrode cell may be determined according to the degree of astigmatism in the astigmatism axis direction.

In addition, in the example shown in FIG. 3B , among the electrode cells 1031 and 1032 forming the second closed curve pattern having the second smallest radius, the electrode cell 1031 on the astigmatism axis at 90 degrees may be the first electrode cell. and the other electrode cells 1032 may be second electrode cells. In addition, among the electrode cells 1041 and 1042 forming the third closed curve pattern located at the outermost part, the electrode cell 1041 on the astigmatism axis of 90 degrees may be the first electrode cell, and the other electrode cell 1042 may be It may be a second electrode cell. As described above, the difference between the voltage of the first electrode cell and the voltage of the second electrode cell in each closed curve pattern may be determined according to the degree of astigmatism in the astigmatism axis direction.

FIG. 3C shows the arrangement of the first electrode cell and the second electrode cell of the transparent electrode unit 140 when the astigmatism axis is 0 degrees (180 degrees). Here, among the electrode cells 1021 and 1022 forming the first closed curve pattern having the smallest radius, the electrode cell 1021 on the 0 degree (180 degree) astigmatism axis may be the first electrode cell, and the electrode cell 1021 may be the first electrode cell. ) and the other electrode cells 1022 may be second electrode cells. In this case, in order to add an additional dioptric power in the direction of the astigmatism axis, the voltage of the first electrode cell may be different from the voltage of the second electrode cell. For example, the voltage of the second electrode cell may be the reference voltage of the first closed curve pattern. In addition, the voltage of the first electrode cell may be less than or greater than the reference voltage of the first closed curve pattern. Here, the difference between the voltage of the first electrode cell and the voltage of the second electrode cell may be determined according to the degree of astigmatism.

In addition, in the example shown in FIG. 3B , among the electrode cells 1031 and 1032 forming the second closed curve pattern having the second smallest radius, the electrode cell 1031 on the astigmatism axis at 90 degrees may be the first electrode cell. and the other electrode cells 1032 may be second electrode cells. In addition, among the electrode cells 1041 and 1042 forming the third closed curve pattern located at the outermost part, the electrode cell 1041 on the astigmatism axis of 90 degrees may be the first electrode cell, and the other electrode cell 1042 may be It may be a second electrode cell. As described above, the difference between the voltage of the first electrode cell and the voltage of the second electrode cell in each closed curve pattern may be determined according to the degree of astigmatism along the astigmatism axis direction.

3B and 3C , an example in which one first electrode cell is one is illustrated, but the number of first electrode cells may be variously determined.

For example, as shown in FIG. 3D , the first electrode cell is the six electrode cells closest to the astigmatism axis among the electrode cells included in each of the plurality of closed curve patterns (that is, because three symmetrical about the lens center) 6 in total). Specifically, among the electrode cells 1021 and 1022 forming the first closed curve pattern, the six electrode cells 1021 closest to 0 degrees (180 degrees) of the astigmatism axis may be the first electrode cells. In addition, among the electrode cells 1031 and 1032 forming the first closed curve pattern, the six electrode cells 1021 closest to 0 degrees (180 degrees) of the astigmatism axis may be the first electrode cells. In addition, among the electrode cells 1041 and 1042 forming the second closed curve pattern, six electrode cells 1021 closest to 0 degrees (180 degrees) of the astigmatism axis may be the first electrode cells.

Also, when there are multiple astigmatism axes, the number of first electrode cells may be variously determined according to the number of astigmatism axes. For example, when there are two astigmatism axes as shown in FIG. 3E , two electrode cells closest to each of the two astigmatism axes among the electrode cells included in the plurality of closed curve patterns are determined as the first electrode cell. can Specifically, among the electrode cells 1021 and 1022 forming the first closed curve pattern, the electrode cell closest to 0 degrees (180 degrees) to the astigmatism axis and the electrode cell closest to 90 degrees to the astigmatism axis are the first electrode cells 1021. can In addition, among the electrode cells 1031 and 1032 forming the second closed curve pattern, the electrode cell closest to the 0 degree (180 degree) astigmatism axis and the electrode cell closest to the astigmatism axis 90 degree may be the first electrode cell 1031. have. Also, among the electrode cells 1041 and 1042 forming the third closed curve pattern, the electrode cell closest to 0 degrees (180 degrees) to the astigmatism axis and the electrode cell closest to 90 degrees to the astigmatism axis may be the first electrode cells 1041 . have.

When there are a plurality of first electrode cells belonging to one closed curve pattern, the voltage of each of the first electrode cells may be determined according to a distance from the astigmatism axis. More specifically, when the surface abnormality of the user's cornea causing astigmatism occurs irregularly, two or more first electrode cells may be used to respond to the irregular surface abnormality of the cornea. Specifically, the plurality of first electrode cells may apply voltages respectively corresponding to a single or a plurality of astigmatism axes to the liquid crystal layer in order to correct an irregular surface abnormality of the cornea. In this case, each voltage of the plurality of first electrode cells may be determined according to a distance from the astigmatism axis. Here, the distance from the astigmatism axis may mean a vertical distance from the electrode cell to the astigmatism axis. Also, as another example, the distance from the astigmatism axis may mean a distance from the electrode cell to the astigmatism axis along the circumference of the closed curve pattern to which the electrode cell belongs. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the voltage of each of the first electrode cells may be variously determined.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, each of the plurality of electrode cells may include a thin film transistor and an electrode. More specifically, each electrode cell may be composed of a thin film transistor and an electrode to individually apply a voltage on the liquid crystal layer. In this case, the electrode cell may receive electricity applied from an external power source through a via hole, and the electrode cell may control a voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer through a thin film transistor. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the electrode cell may include various configurations.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the lens 100 may include a nanostructure 150 . The nanostructure 150 may be a Fresnel-shaped structure as shown in FIG. 4 . Also, as another example, the nanostructure 150 may be a structure in the form of a moth eye. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the nanostructure 150 may have various shapes.

The nanostructure 150 may be formed in contact with the liquid crystal layer 130 . For example, in the nanostructure 150 , as shown in FIG. 4 , the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 may be positioned on an inner surface in contact with the liquid crystal layer 130 . Also, as another example, in the nanostructure 150 , the second lens-shaped optical unit 120 may be positioned on the inner surface in contact with the liquid crystal layer 130 .

The nanostructure 150 may increase a change in refractive index caused by the liquid crystal layer 130 . In addition, the nanostructure 150 may reduce light reflection so that the user of the glasses 1000 can see an object more clearly. The nanostructure 150 may reduce the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 130 by reducing light reflection and maximizing a change in refractive index caused by the liquid crystal layer 130 . Accordingly, since the overall thickness of the lens 100 can be reduced, the user can be provided with better glasses 1000 in appearance.

In addition, a portion of the liquid crystal layer 130 may include a display unit 131 capable of displaying information recognizable by the user of the lens 100 by blocking at least a portion of light passing through the liquid crystal layer 130 . have. The display unit 131 may block at least a portion of the light passing through the lens 100 due to the distortion of the liquid crystal particles of the liquid crystal layer 130 to express visual information on a portion of the lens 100 .

The user input unit 200 may allow the user to adjust the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 130 in order to change the focus of the glasses 1000 according to the distance of the object that the user of the glasses 1000 wants to see. . The user input unit 200 may include a push button, a touch sensor, and the like, and may include any means capable of detecting a user's input. The user input unit 200 may be disposed on a part of the frame 900 of the glasses 1000 . 5 shows that the user input unit 200 protrudes, but the user input unit 200 may be located on a part of the temples. In addition, the user input unit 200 allows the user to change the operation mode of the glasses in order to change the operation mode of the glasses to a distance mode, a medium distance mode, or a near mode according to the distance of an object that the user of the glasses wants to see. can The user may allow the focus of the glasses to be continuously changed through the user input unit 200 or may be discontinuously changed according to a preset mode.

The distance measuring unit 300 may measure a distance to an object that the user of the glasses 1000 wants to see. The distance measuring unit 300 may be configured as a laser sensor or an ultrasonic sensor. In addition, the distance measuring unit 300 may include an arbitrary sensor capable of measuring the distance to the object. The distance measuring unit 300 may be located on a part of the frame 900 of the glasses in the direction of the user's gaze.

The controller 400 may adjust the amount of voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 130 to change the focus of the glasses 1000 based on the distance to the object measured by the distance measuring unit 300 . In addition, the control unit 400 may adjust the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 130 by the transparent electrode unit 140 as described above. The controller 400 may include one or more microprocessors, and may adjust the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 130 to adjust the focal length of the glasses 1000 .

In addition, as described above, the controller 400 may determine the first electrode cell and the second electrode cell according to the wearer's astigmatism axis for astigmatism correction, and adjust the voltage applied to the first electrode cell and the second electrode cell. have.

When the power supply of the glasses 1000 is stopped, the first arrangement maintenance module 500 is arranged to prevent a change in refractive index due to the arrangement of the liquid crystal layer 130 returning to its original state. state can be maintained. When the power supply of the glasses 1000 is stopped, the first arrangement maintaining module 500 is configured to prevent the user from feeling discomfort due to the change in refractive index by returning the arrangement state of the liquid crystal layer 130 to the original state. ), it is possible to maintain the arrangement state of the liquid crystal layer 130 even when the power supply is stopped. The first arrangement maintaining module 500 may maintain the arrangement state of the liquid crystal layer 130 by supplying DC power to the transparent electrodes 140 and shorting the transparent electrode unit 140 . For example, in the state in which the liquid crystal layer 130 is arranged so that the glasses 1000 allow the user to see near-field, the power supply is stopped and the arrangement of the liquid-crystal layer 130 returns to its original state, so that the user can see near-field. If there is no, problems such as dizziness may occur to the user. The first arrangement maintenance module 500 may solve this problem by maintaining the arrangement state of the liquid crystal layer 130 in the last state.

The second arrangement maintenance module 600 may return the arrangement state of the liquid crystal layer 130 to a preset state when the power supply of the glasses 1000 is stopped. The first and second alignment maintenance modules 500 and 600 apply a magnetic field to the liquid crystal layer 130 with a permanent magnet or the like to maintain the alignment state of the liquid crystal (the first alignment maintenance module 500), or maintain the alignment state of the liquid crystal. It is possible to return to a preset state (the second arrangement maintaining module 600 ). In addition, the first and second alignment maintenance modules 500 and 600 apply an electric field, magnetic field temperature, stress, etc. to the liquid crystal layer 130 to maintain the arrangement state of the liquid crystal layer 130, or to a predetermined state. can make you go back

The memory unit 700 includes a voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 130, an amount of distortion of the liquid crystal layer 130, an orientation, a type of the liquid crystal layer 130, a refractive index of light passing through the liquid crystal layer 130, a liquid crystal layer ( At least one of the focal length of the lens 100 and the user's eyesight of the lens 100 based on the state of 130 may be recorded. The recorded information may be used to implement a database including the distance between the user's eyesight and the object, and the amount of voltage for correcting it. Memory unit 700 is a flash memory type (flash memory type), hard disk type (hard disk type), multimedia card micro type (multimedia card micro type), card type memory (for example, SD or XD memory, etc.), Random Access Memory (RAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), Magnetic Memory, It may include at least one type of storage medium among a magnetic disk and an optical disk. The above-described storage medium is merely an example, and the memory unit 700 may include various temporary or permanent storage media.

The communication unit 800 may transmit data recorded in the memory unit 700 to the external computing device so that the external computing device generates a database related to vision correction. The communication unit 800 may communicate with an external computing device through wired/wireless communication. As wireless Internet technologies, wireless LAN (WLAN) (Wi-Fi), wireless broadband (Wibro), World Interoperability for Microwave Access (Wimax), High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA), etc. may be used. As the wired Internet technology, Digital Subscriber Line (XDSL), Fibers to the home (FTTH), Power Line Communication (PLC), or the like may be used. Also, the communication unit 800 may include a short-distance communication module, and may be located in a relatively short distance from the glasses 1000 and may transmit/receive data to and from an external computing device including the short-distance communication module. Bluetooth, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Infrared Data Association (IrDA), Ultra Wideband (UWB), ZigBee, etc. may be used as short range communication technologies. In addition, the communication unit 800 may include a communication means such as a universal serial bus (USB), Thunderbolt, SATA, mSATA, PCI, and the like. External device user terminal, PC (personal computer), notebook (note book), mobile terminal (mobile terminal), smart phone (smart phone), tablet PC (tablet pc), main frame computer, medium-sized computer, large computer , a server, and the like, and may include all types of terminals capable of accessing a wired/wireless network.

The frame 900 may be coupled to a part of the lens 100 to fix the lens 100 , and may have a shape that can be worn by the user of the glasses 1000 . In addition, the user input unit 200 , the distance measurement unit 300 , the control unit 400 , the memory unit 700 , the communication unit 800 , and the like may be located in the frame 900 .

5 is a perspective view illustrating an example of the appearance of glasses 1000 for providing variable focus according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Glasses 1000 for providing variable focus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure fix a lens, a frame 900 that can be worn by a user, a lens 100 fixed to the frame, and a user that can be positioned on the frame It may include an input unit 200 , a distance measurement unit 300 , a memory unit 700 , and a communication unit 800 .

The lens 100 may accommodate the liquid crystal layer 130 therein. The liquid crystal layer 130 may be positioned on a portion of the lens 100 . In addition, the transparent electrode 140 for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer 130 may be positioned on the lens 100 .

Also, the lens 100 may include a display unit 131 including visual information that can be recognized by the wearer of the glasses 1000 by the liquid crystal layer 130 . The display unit 131 may be positioned in a portion of the lens 100 , and may be positioned in a portion of an area occupied by the liquid crystal layer 130 in the lens.

The user input unit 200 is located on the side of the glasses 1000 so that the user of the glasses 1000 can easily operate them. The distance measuring unit 300 may be positioned to face the front, and may measure a distance from an object viewed by a user's eye wearing the glasses 1000 .

Although not shown in FIG. 5 , the communication unit 800 may also be located in the frame 900 of the glasses 1000 . A user may connect a cable to the communication unit 800 so that the computing device and the glasses 1000 communicate. The communication unit 800 may include a structure capable of accommodating a cable for this purpose. Also, the communication unit 800 may be configured as a wireless communication means, and in this case, it may not include a structure capable of accommodating a cable.

6A is a view illustrating that a lens of eyeglasses operates to correct a farsightedness according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; In the example shown in FIG. 6A , the glasses 1000 including the liquid crystal layer 130 for providing a variable focus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are shown as a convex lens to explain the operation of the liquid crystal layer 130 . can operate in a corresponding manner for concave or aspherical lenses.

가 인가된 영역)일수록 굴절률이 크도록 하여야 한다. 따라서, 투명 전극(140)에 의하여 렌즈(100)상에서 중심부로 갈수록 강한 전압(

)이 인가될 수 있다. 이에 따라서, 렌즈(100)의 외곽에 위치하는 액정층(130)의 액정 입자가 가장 적게 뒤틀리게 되고, 액정층(130)의 굴절률은 렌즈(100)의 외곽에서 가장 크게 된다. 제 1 렌즈 형상 광학부(110)의 굴절률(

)이 렌즈(100) 상에서의 위치에 따라 일정하다고 가정하면, 액정의 굴절률은 중심부가 가장 낮고 외곽으로 갈수록 증가(

)할 수 있다. 액정층(130) 중심부의 굴절률(

)이 제 1 렌즈 형상 광학부(110)의 굴절률과 동일하다고 가정하면, 액정층(130)과 제 1 렌즈 형상 광학부(110)의 굴절률의 편차는 렌즈(100)의 중심부에서 외곽으로 갈수록 커지게 된다. 이러한 방식으로 액정층(130)에 인가되는 전압을 렌즈(100)상에서의 위치에 따라 달리하여, 액정층(130)의 굴절률을 다르게 하여 수차를 제거할 수 있다. 도 6a의 예시에서 제 2 렌즈 형상 광학부(120)의 굴절률(

)은 제 1 렌즈 형상 광학부(110)의 굴절률(

)과 동일하게 도시되어 있으나, 이와 상이할 수도 있다. 제 1 렌즈 형상 광학부(110)의 굴절률은 렌즈(100) 상에서 위치에 따라 동일한 것으로 설명하였으나, 상이할 수도 있으며, 액정층(130)의 굴절률은 수차 제거를 위하여 제 1 렌즈 형상 광학부(110) 및 제 2 렌즈 형상 광학부(120)의 굴절률과의 편차가 렌즈(100)의 중심부에서 외곽으로 갈수록 커지도록 제어될 수 있다. 본 개시의 실시예에 따른 안경(1000)은 액정층(130)에 전압이 인가되어 동작함으로써, 액정층(130)이 동작하지 않을 때 보다, 집광 특성이 강화되어 상기 안경(1000)의 사용자에게 맺히는 상을 망막으로 당겨 원시를 보정할 수 있다. When a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 130 , as the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 230 is stronger, the condensing characteristics of the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 and the second lens-shaped optical unit 120 may be reduced. can In hyperopia, the image is located behind the retina in the eye, and since the image must be located on the retina using glasses, etc., the image forming position must be pulled forward rather than the current state. To this end, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 130 is weakly applied as the position on the lens 100 is on the outside, so that the position on the lens 100 is on the outside (in the example of FIG. 6A ).

area to which is applied), the refractive index should be larger. Therefore, the stronger the voltage (

) can be approved. Accordingly, the liquid crystal particles of the liquid crystal layer 130 positioned at the outer edge of the lens 100 are distorted the least, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 130 is greatest at the outer edge of the lens 100 . The refractive index of the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 (

) is constant depending on the position on the lens 100, the refractive index of the liquid crystal is lowest at the center and increases toward the outside (

)can do. The refractive index of the center of the liquid crystal layer 130 (

) is the same as the refractive index of the first lens-shaped optical unit 110, the deviation of the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 130 and the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 increases from the center of the lens 100 toward the outside. will lose In this way, by varying the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 130 according to the position on the lens 100 , the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 130 may be changed to eliminate aberration. In the example of FIG. 6A , the refractive index of the second lens-shaped optical unit 120 (

) is the refractive index (

), but may be different from this. The refractive index of the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 has been described as being the same depending on the position on the lens 100 , but may be different, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 130 is the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 to remove aberration. ) and a deviation from the refractive index of the second lens-shaped optical unit 120 may be controlled to increase from the center of the lens 100 to the outside. The glasses 1000 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure operate by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer 130 , so that the light collecting characteristic is strengthened compared to when the liquid crystal layer 130 does not operate, so that the user of the glasses 1000 is provided with the glasses 1000 . Farsightedness can be corrected by pulling the focused image onto the retina.

6B is a view showing that the lens of the glasses of the present disclosure operates to correct myopia.

In the example shown in FIG. 6B , the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 and the second lens-shaped optical unit 120 of the spectacles 1000 are illustrated as convex lenses having a characteristic of condensing light, but the implementation of the present disclosure The glasses 1000 including the liquid crystal layer 130 for providing variable focus according to the example may operate in a corresponding manner for a concave lens or an aspherical lens.

가 인가된 영역)일수록 굴절률이 작도록 하여야 한다. 따라서, 투명 전극(140)에 의하여 렌즈(100)상에서 외곽으로 갈수록 강한 전압(

)이 인가될 수 있다. 이에 따라서, 렌즈(100)의 외곽에 위치하는 액정층(130)의 액정 입자가 가장 많이 뒤틀리게 되고, 액정층(130)의 굴절률은 렌즈(100)의 외곽에서 가장 작게 된다. 제 1 렌즈 형상 광학부(110)의 굴절률(

)은 렌즈(100) 상에서의 위치에 따라 일정하다고 가정하면, 액정의 굴절률은 중심부가 가장 낮고 외곽으로 갈수록 감소(

)할 수 있다. 액정층(130) 중심부의 굴절률(

)이 제 1 렌즈 형상 광학부(110)의 굴절률과 동일하다고 가정하면, 액정층(130)과 제 1 렌즈 형상 광학부(110)의 굴절률의 편차는 렌즈(100)의 중심부에서 외곽으로 갈수록 커지게 된다. 이러한 방식으로 액정층(130)에 인가되는 전압을 렌즈(100)상에서의 위치에 따라 달리하여, 액정층(130)의 굴절률을 다르게 하여 수차를 제거할 수 있다. 도 6b의 예시에서 제 2 렌즈 형상 광학부(120)의 굴절률(

)은 제 1 렌즈 형상 광학부(110)의 굴절률(

)과 동일하게 도시되어 있으나, 이와 상이할 수도 있다. 제 1 렌즈 형상 광학부(110)의 굴절률은 렌즈(100)상에서 위치에 따라 동일한 것으로 설명하였으나, 상이할 수도 있으며, 액정층(130)의 굴절률은 수차 제거를 위하여 제 1 렌즈 형상 광학부(110) 및 제 2 렌즈 형상 광학부(120)의 굴절률과의 편차가 렌즈(100)의 중심부에서 외곽으로 갈수록 커지도록 제어될 수 있다. 본 개시의 실시예에 따른 안경(1000)은 액정층(130)에 전압이 인가되어 동작함으로써, 액정층(130)이 동작하지 않을 때 보다, 집광 특성이 약화되어 안경(1000)의 사용자에게 맺히는 상을 망막으로 밀어 근시를 보정할 수 있다. When a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 130 , as the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 130 becomes stronger, the condensing characteristics of the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 and the second lens-shaped optical unit 120 may be reduced. can In myopia, the image is located in front of the retina in the eye, and since the image must be located on the retina by using glasses, etc., the image forming position must be pushed to the rear of the current state. To this end, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 130 is strongly applied as the position on the lens 100 is on the outside, so that the position on the lens 100 is on the outside (in the example of FIG. 6B ).

area to which is applied), the refractive index should be smaller. Therefore, the stronger the voltage (

) can be approved. Accordingly, the liquid crystal particles of the liquid crystal layer 130 positioned outside the lens 100 are distorted the most, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 130 is the smallest at the outside of the lens 100 . The refractive index of the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 (

) is assumed to be constant depending on the position on the lens 100, the refractive index of the liquid crystal is the lowest at the center and decreases toward the outside (

)can do. The refractive index of the center of the liquid crystal layer 130 (

) is the same as the refractive index of the first lens-shaped optical unit 110, the deviation of the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 130 and the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 increases from the center of the lens 100 toward the outside. will lose In this way, by varying the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 130 according to the position on the lens 100 , the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 130 may be changed to eliminate aberration. In the example of FIG. 6B , the refractive index of the second lens-shaped optical unit 120 (

) is the refractive index (

), but may be different from this. The refractive index of the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 has been described as being the same depending on the position on the lens 100, but may be different, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 130 is the first lens-shaped optical unit 110 in order to eliminate aberration. ) and a deviation from the refractive index of the second lens-shaped optical unit 120 may be controlled to increase from the center of the lens 100 to the outside. The glasses 1000 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure operate by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer 130 , so that the light collecting characteristic is weakened compared to when the liquid crystal layer 130 does not operate, so that the user of the glasses 1000 is focused on the glasses 1000 . Myopia can be corrected by pushing the image to the retina.

One of ordinary skill in the art of this disclosure will understand that information and signals may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, instructions, information, signals, bits, symbols and chips that may be referenced in the above description are voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields particles or particles, or any combination thereof.

A person of ordinary skill in the art of the present disclosure will recognize that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, processors, means, circuits and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein include electronic hardware, (convenience For this purpose, it will be understood that it may be implemented by various forms of program or design code (referred to herein as "software") or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. A person skilled in the art of the present disclosure may implement the described functionality in various ways for each specific application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as a departure from the scope of the present disclosure.

The various embodiments presented herein may be implemented as methods, apparatus, or articles of manufacture using standard programming and/or engineering techniques. The term “article of manufacture” includes a computer program, carrier, or media accessible from any computer-readable device. For example, computer-readable media include magnetic storage devices (eg, hard disks, floppy disks, magnetic strips, etc.), optical disks (eg, CDs, DVDs, etc.), smart cards, and flash memory. devices (eg, EEPROMs, cards, sticks, key drives, etc.). Also, various storage media presented herein include one or more devices and/or other machine-readable media for storing information. The term “machine-readable medium” includes, but is not limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, retaining, and/or carrying instruction(s) and/or data.

It is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the presented processes is an example of exemplary approaches. Based on design priorities, it is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the processes may be rearranged within the scope of the present disclosure. The appended method claims present elements of the various steps in a sample order, but are not meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.

The description of the presented embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments presented herein, but is to be construed in the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features presented herein.

Claims (9)

in glasses,
lenses that provide variable focus;
a frame coupled to a portion of the lens to fix the lens, and having a shape that can be worn by a user of the glasses; and
a control unit for adjusting the focus of the lens;
including,
The lens is:
a liquid crystal layer variably aligned according to a voltage to have a variable refractive index;
a first lens-shaped optical unit having one side in contact with one side of the liquid crystal layer;
a second lens-shaped optical unit having one side in contact with the other side of the liquid crystal layer; and
a transparent electrode unit including a plurality of electrode cells arranged in a predetermined pattern, wherein each of the plurality of electrode cells applies a voltage according to a position on the lens to the liquid crystal layer;
including,
The predetermined pattern includes a plurality of closed curve patterns,
Each of the plurality of closed curve patterns has a reference voltage for adjusting myopia or farsightedness, and
The control unit is:
applying a voltage of at least one first electrode cell corresponding to an astigmatism axis of a wearer among the plurality of electrode cells forming one of the plurality of closed curve patterns to be different from the reference voltage;
applying the voltage of the second electrode cell among the plurality of electrode cells constituting the one closed curve among the plurality of closed curve patterns to be the same as the reference voltage,
glasses.
delete The method of claim 1,
The reference voltage of each of the plurality of closed curve patterns is determined by a radius of each of the plurality of closed curves,
glasses.
The method of claim 1,
The voltage of each of the first electrode cells is determined according to the distance from the wearer's astigmatism axis,
glasses.
The method of claim 1,
The lens further comprises a nanostructure located on the inner surface of the first lens-shaped optical unit or the second lens-shaped optical unit,
glasses.
6. The method of claim 5,
The nanostructure has a Fresnel shape,
glasses.
The method of claim 1,
Each of the plurality of electrode cells comprises a thin film transistor (Thin Film Transistor) and an electrode,
glasses.
The method of claim 1,
Each of the plurality of electrode cells receives electricity through a via hole,
glasses.
In the lens,
a liquid crystal layer variably aligned according to a voltage to have a variable refractive index;
a first lens-shaped optical unit having one side in contact with one side of the liquid crystal layer;
a second lens-shaped optical unit having one side in contact with the other side of the liquid crystal layer; and
a transparent electrode unit including a plurality of electrode cells arranged in a predetermined pattern, wherein each of the plurality of electrode cells applies a voltage according to a position on the lens to the liquid crystal layer;
including,
The predetermined pattern includes a plurality of closed curve patterns,
Each of the plurality of closed curve patterns has a reference voltage for controlling myopia or farsightedness,
A voltage of at least one first electrode cell corresponding to the wearer's astigmatism axis among the plurality of electrode cells constituting any one of the plurality of closed curve patterns is different from the reference voltage,
The voltage of the second electrode cell among the plurality of electrode cells constituting the one closed curve among the plurality of closed curve patterns is the same as the reference voltage,
lens.

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