KR102270589B1 - Terminal device and electric suppling system for preventing electric shock from flooding - Google Patents

Abstract

A power distribution system in accordance with the present invention comprises: a power unit which is insulated from the earth with a resistance value greater than or equal to a predetermined earth resistance value, and includes a middle tap, a first terminal having a first voltage with respect to the middle tap, and a second terminal having a second voltage with respect to the middle tap; two or more power lines including a first power line having one end electrically connected to the first terminal of the power supply unit and having a first leakage current flowing in case of submergence, and a second power line having one end electrically connected to the second terminal of the power supply unit and having a second leakage current flowing in case of submergence; and a fault detector configured to have one end electrically connected to the middle tap to detect a current flowing to the middle tap by the first and second leakage currents. Accordingly, the present invention not only limits the leakage current to a dangerous current or less when an electric line is submerged, but also detects the submergence, thereby preventing the electric shock from the leakage current due to the submergence and preventing the spread of electric accidents.

Description

A power distribution system and terminal block for preventing electric shock during flooding {Terminal device and electric suppling system for preventing electric shock from flooding}

The present invention relates to a power distribution system and a terminal block for preventing electric shock when submerged, and more particularly, by limiting the leakage current to below the dangerous current when the electric line is submerged and detecting whether submersion is present, It relates to a power distribution system and terminal block to prevent electric shock in case of flooding, which can prevent electric shock from electric current and prevent the spread of electric accidents at an early stage.

An electric shock accident that directly damages the human body among electrical accidents occurs when the current flowing through the human body from one phase of the power source flows to the other phase or the ground. When the electric shock current flowing through the human body exceeds a certain dangerous current, injury or death may occur. In general, if the current flowing through the human body is 15 mA or more, it causes convulsions (pain) and if it is 50 mA or more, it is known to lead to death. It is necessary to configure facilities and distribution lines.

An electric shock accident may occur when a part of the human body comes into contact with one or more phases of a bare power line or outlet, or when a leakage current caused by flooding of a power line, terminal block, or electrical equipment flows through the human body.

In particular, in the case of an electric shock accident due to immersion, the human skin is wet with water and the contact resistance is very low, so the degree of injury due to electric shock is high. In addition, since the range through which the leakage current flows due to immersion is wide, it is not easy to block access by specifying the area where the leakage current flows, and it is difficult to voluntarily escape the electric shock or rescue by others in case of an electric shock. Measures against electric shock accidents are urgently needed.

As a prior art to prevent electric shock due to immersion, in Patent Document 1, two flat-plate-type conductors are installed in a state electrically spaced apart from each other on the current-carrying path to prepare for the amount of current flowing through the human body to the ground plane. Disclosed is a technology for preventing electric shock by making the amount of current flowing through the water much larger.

However, in the conventional technology for preventing electric shock during submersion, when only one of the two power lines is submerged, the leakage current flowing through the human body to the ground is not offset, so it is impossible to prevent an electric shock, and also one or two phases of the power line are flooded. In this case, there is a problem in that it is difficult to detect whether the water is submerged.

Registered Patent Publication No. 1400711 (2014.05.27.)

Therefore, the present invention has been devised to solve the problems of the prior art, and by limiting the leakage current to below the dangerous current when the electric line is submerged, and to detect whether the water is submerged, to prevent electric shock from the leakage current due to submersion and An object of the present invention is to provide a distribution system and terminal block that can prevent the spread of electric accidents at an early stage and prevent electric shock during flooding.

The technical problems to be achieved by the present invention are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs from the description below. will be able

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a terminal block for preventing electric shock when submerged, in a terminal block electrically connected to two or more power lines, and a neutral wire having a potential between the voltages of the two or more power lines, main body; and a connection part disposed in the main body and electrically connected to each of the two or more power lines and a neutral wire, wherein the connection part includes: a neutral conductor configured to be connected to the neutral wire; a first terminal conductor configured to be connected to a first power line among the power lines and forming a first leakage resistance with the neutral conductor by immersion; and a second terminal conductor configured to be connected to a second power line among the power lines and forming a second leakage resistance with the neutral conductor by the immersion, wherein the first and second terminal conductors include the first and second terminal conductors. It is characterized in that the second leakage resistance is formed differently so that the leakage current flows through the two or more power lines differently, respectively.

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In the terminal block according to the present invention, the first and second terminal conductors may have different contact areas with water when submerged.

In the terminal block according to the present invention, the first and second terminal conductors may be disposed to have different separation distances from the neutral conductor.

In the terminal block according to the present invention, the first and second terminal conductors may be formed to have different lengths.

In the terminal block according to the present invention, the first and second terminal conductors may be disposed at different heights from each other.

The terminal block according to the present invention may further include a separator formed at a predetermined height in the main body to separate the first terminal conductor, the second terminal conductor, and the neutral conductor.

In the terminal block according to the present invention, a water passage hole may be formed in the separation block to allow water to pass between the first terminal conductor, the second terminal conductor, and the neutral conductor.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a power distribution system for preventing electric shock during submersion is insulated from the ground with a resistance value greater than or equal to a predetermined ground resistance value, and a middle tap and a second tap based on the intermediate tap are provided. a power supply unit including a first terminal having a voltage of 1 and a second terminal having a second voltage based on the intermediate tap; A first power line having one end electrically connected to the first terminal of the power supply unit and flowing a first leakage current when submerged, and a first power line having one end electrically connected to the second terminal of the power supply unit and flowing a second leakage current when submerged. two or more power lines, including two power lines; and a fault detector configured to electrically connect one end to the intermediate tap to detect a current flowing to the intermediate tap by the first and second leakage currents, wherein the first and second power lines are submerged in the first and second power lines. It is characterized in that the first and second leakage currents are configured to flow differently.

In the power distribution system according to the present invention, the power supply unit may be configured such that the first and second leakage currents are different when the power line is submerged.

In the power distribution system according to the present invention, the power supply unit may include an insulation transformer having a secondary side including the first terminal, the second terminal and an intermediate tap, and the first and second voltages may have different voltage values. .

In the power distribution system according to the present invention, the power supply unit includes first and second impedance elements electrically connected in series between the first terminal and the second terminal, and the intermediate tap includes the first and second impedance elements. The impedance of the first and second impedance elements may be set to be different from each other.

The power distribution system according to the present invention further includes a terminal block disposed to electrically connect the power supply unit and the load and electrically connected to the other end of each of the first power line and the second power line, the terminal block comprising: a main body; and a connection part disposed on the main body and electrically connected to each of the two or more power lines, wherein the connection part is configured such that a first power line among the power lines is connected, and the path of the first leakage current by the immersion a first terminal conductor forming a first leakage resistance along the and a second terminal conductor configured to be connected to a second power line among the power lines and forming a second leakage resistance along a path of the second leakage current by the submersion.

In the power distribution system according to the present invention, the connection unit may further include a neutral conductor electrically connected to the other end of the intermediate tap or the failure detector.

In the power distribution system according to the present invention, the first and second terminal conductors may be configured such that the first and second leakage resistances are different from each other.

In the power distribution system according to the present invention, the terminal block may be the terminal block according to the present invention described above.

In the power distribution system according to the present invention, the other end of the fault detector may be grounded to the earth.

In the power distribution system according to the present invention, the fault detector may be configured to limit a current flowing through the fault detector to a predetermined dangerous current or less.

The power distribution system according to the present invention further includes one or more conductive members electrically connected to at least one of the first terminal conductor and the second terminal conductor, wherein an area of the conductive member in contact with water is equal to the first leakage The current and the second leakage current may be formed to have different values.

According to the present invention, the power distribution system and terminal block to prevent electric shock during submersion, by limiting the leakage current to below the dangerous current when the electric line is submerged, and to detect whether the water is submerged, it is possible to prevent electric shock from the leakage current due to submersion. It is effective in preventing and preventing the spread of electric accidents at an early stage.

1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of a power distribution system for preventing electric shock when submerged according to the present invention.
2 is an exemplary diagram modified differently from FIG. 1 of the configuration of the power distribution system of the present invention.
3 is a perspective view of a terminal block according to the present invention.
4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a power distribution system according to the present invention for explaining the principle of detecting a leakage current in the case of flooding.
5 is an exemplary view of a terminal block showing a case in which the area of the terminal conductor is different.
6 is an exemplary view of a terminal block illustrating a case where the separation distance between the terminal conductor and the neutral conductor is different.
7 is an exemplary view of a terminal block illustrating a case in which the lengths of the terminal conductors are different.
8 is an exemplary view of a terminal block showing a case where the heights of the terminal conductors are different.

A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings as follows. The following detailed description is merely exemplary, and only shows preferred embodiments of the present invention.

According to the present invention, the power distribution system and terminal block for preventing electric shock during submersion is controlled to not only prevent electric shock when a power line or terminal block is submerged, but also detect the occurrence of submersion and take measures such as power off, or by notifying the manager. As an invention that can prevent the spread of electric accidents due to flooding at an early stage, it can be applied to places with a high probability of occurrence of flooding or where safety accident measures such as electric shock are urgently required.

For example, the power distribution system and terminal block for preventing electric shock when submerged according to the present invention are applied to electrical equipment installed outdoors such as street lights, outdoor distribution boards or temporary distribution boards, or even indoors, to be applied to water handling places such as bathrooms and toilets. can

1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of a power distribution system for preventing electric shock when submerged according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the power distribution system according to the present invention is insulated from the ground by a resistance value equal to or greater than a predetermined ground resistance value, and a first voltage V1 is applied based on an intermediate tap N and the intermediate tap N. A power supply unit 300 including a first terminal AC1 having a first terminal AC1 and a second terminal AC2 having a second voltage V2 with respect to the intermediate tap N, and a first terminal AC1 of the power supply unit 300 . ) with one end electrically connected to the first power line 510 through which the first leakage current I1 flows when submerged, and one end electrically connected to the second terminal AC2 of the power supply unit 300, 2 Two or more power lines including a second power line 520 through which a leakage current I2 flows, and one end of which is electrically connected to the intermediate tap N, and the intermediate tap by the first and second leakage currents I1 and I2 It may be configured to include a fault detector 200 configured to detect a current flowing to (N).

1 , the power distribution system according to the present invention is arranged to electrically connect the power supply unit 300 and the load, and is electrically connected to the other end of each of the first power line 510 and the second power line 520 . The terminal block 100 may be further included.

Here, the terminal block 100 includes a main body 110 and a connection unit 120 electrically connected to each of two or more power lines, and the connection unit 120 is configured such that the first power line 510 of the power lines is connected. , the first terminal conductor 121 forming the first leakage resistance R1 along the path of the first leakage current I1 by submersion, and the second power line 520 of the power lines are connected to each other, and Accordingly, the second terminal conductor 122 forming the second leakage resistor R2 along the path of the second leakage current I2 may be included.

The terminal block 100 of the present invention is a general term for connection points that connect or branch power lines as well as general terminal blocks, where conductors are exposed to form leakage resistance against the leakage current path by submersion, such as circuit breakers, transformers, switches, etc. It should be understood to include not only the connection point of the electrical equipment, but also the connection point to which the power line and the power line are connected. Hereinafter, for convenience of description, a typical terminal block will be exemplarily described.

According to FIG. 1 , in the power distribution system according to the present invention, the connection part 120 of the terminal block 100 may further include a neutral conductor 123 , and the neutral conductor 123 is a neutral wire 530 and an intermediate tap (N). ) or may be electrically connected to the other end of the fault detector 200 . At this time, the other end of the failure detector 200 may be grounded to the ground.

1 shows a configuration in which the other end of the fault detector 200 is connected to the neutral conductor 123 and the neutral wire 530 of the terminal block 100 and grounded to the ground, but the terminal block 100 is connected to the neutral conductor 123 Without being provided, the fault detector 200 is directly grounded without being connected to the terminal block 100 with a neutral wire 530, or the terminal block 100 is provided with a neutral conductor 123 but with a neutral wire 530 with the fault detector 200 and A configuration in which the fault detector 200 and the neutral conductor 123 are respectively grounded is also possible without being connected.

As shown in FIG. 1 , in the configuration in which a neutral conductor 123 is provided in the terminal block 100 and the neutral conductor 123 is connected to the fault detector 200 by a neutral wire 530 , the power line when the terminal block 100 is submerged. Most of the leakage current leaked from the is collected by the neutral conductor 123 and flows to the neutral wire 530 as a neutral current (Ic), thus significantly reducing the risk of electric shock as well as the fault detector 200. The neutral current (Ic) and the ground It is possible to detect the presence of submersion from the leakage current of

However, as described above, even if the terminal block 100 does not include the neutral conductor 123 or the neutral conductor 123 and the fault detector 200 are not configured to be connected by the neutral wire 530 , the When the other end is grounded, when one or two lines of the power line are submerged, a current path through the fault detector 200 is formed for the leakage current leaked from the power line through the ground, and the fault detector 200 detects the leakage current. Thus, it can be determined whether there is a flood or not.

In addition, in the configuration in which the other end of the fault detector 200 is electrically connected to the neutral conductor 123 of the terminal block 100 even if the fault detector 200 is not grounded, the first leakage current of the power line when the terminal block 100 is submerged ( By configuring the power supply unit 300 or the terminal block 100 so that I1) and the second leakage current I2 flow differently, the fault detector 200 may detect the leakage current.

Referring to FIG. 1 , in the power distribution system of the present invention, the power supply unit 300 includes a middle tap N, a first terminal AC1 having a first voltage V1 with respect to the middle tap N, and a middle tap. It includes a second terminal AC2 having a second voltage V2 with respect to (N), and the first and second terminals AC1 and AC2 and the intermediate tap N are connected from the ground to a predetermined ground resistance value or higher. It is provided in an insulated state with a resistance value.

The power supply unit 300 may be a general AC power source, but may also be a DC power source provided from a solar panel. When the power supply unit 300 is an AC power source, the insulation transformer 300 may be used for insulation from the ground, and the first and second terminals AC1 and AC2 and the intermediate tap (AC1, AC2) and the intermediate tap ( N) can be provided. In addition, in the case of AC power, the power supply unit 300 may be a single-phase or three-phase power source. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, a single-phase AC power source will be exemplified.

As described above, in the power distribution system according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1 , when any one of the first power line 510 or the second power line 520 is submerged, a leakage current flows from the fault detector 200 . Therefore, flooding can be detected. However, when both the first and second power lines 510 and 520 are submerged and the first and second leakage currents I1 and I2 leaked from the power line are the same, the leakage current flows only to the power line and to the earth or neutral line 530 . The leakage current flowing may not be detected by the fault detector 200 because there is no or weak current.

Accordingly, in order to enable the fault detector 200 to detect submergence even when both the first and second power lines 510 and 520 are submerged, the power distribution system of the present invention provides the power supply unit 300 and the terminal block 100. At least one may be configured such that, when the power line or the terminal block 100 is submerged, a neutral current Ic flows to the neutral wire 530 by submersion or a leakage current flows to the ground. In other words, at least one of the power supply unit 300 and the terminal block 100 may be configured such that the first leakage current I1 and the second leakage current I2 flow differently.

As an example, the power supply unit 300 is configured such that the first and second voltages V1 and V2 provided from the first and second terminals AC1 and AC2 with respect to the middle tap N have different voltages. can do.

A configuration in which the first and second voltages V1 and V2 have different voltages, and the secondary side of the power supply unit 300 includes a first terminal AC1, a second terminal AC2, and a middle tap N Including an insulation transformer 300, the first and second voltages (V1, V2) can set the turns ratio of the secondary side to have different voltage values.

In addition, as a configuration in which the first and second voltages V1 and V2 have different voltages, the power supply unit 300 includes the first terminal AC1 as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2C . and first and second impedance elements 310 and 320 electrically connected in series between the second terminal AC2, wherein the intermediate tap N is disposed between the first and second impedance elements 310 and 320. However, the impedance of the first and second impedance elements 310 and 320 may be set to be different from each other. The first and second impedance elements 310 and 320 may be capacitors C1 and C2 as shown in FIG. 2 , or may include a combination of at least one element selected from capacitors, resistors, and inductors. For example, when the first and second impedance elements 310 and 320 are capacitors C1 and C2, the capacitances C1 and C2 may have different values.

As such, by setting the impedances of the first and second impedance elements 310 and 320 differently, the first and second voltages V1 and V2 are output as different voltages based on the middle tap N, and when the power line is submerged Since the first and second leakage currents I1 and I2 flow unbalanced, the fault detector 200 can detect the submergence by the leakage current flowing through the earth or the neutral wire 530 .

As another configuration for allowing the first leakage current I1 and the second leakage current I2 to flow differently when the power line or the terminal block 100 is submerged, the first and second terminals of the terminal block 100 according to the present invention The conductors 121 and 122 may be configured such that the first and second leakage resistances R1 and R2 formed along the path of the leakage current during submersion are different. The structure of the terminal block 100 that allows the leakage resistance to be formed differently will be described later in detail through the exemplary configurations shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 .

As described above, the power supply unit 300 has the same number of turns from the middle tap N to the first and second terminals AC1 and AC2 when the intermediate tap N is provided from the isolating transformer 300 . However, different cases are also possible. Since the power supply unit 300 provides the AC voltage Vac between the first and second terminals AC1 and AC2, the AC voltage Vac is equal to the sum of the first voltage V1 and the second voltage V2. .

2 is an exemplary diagram modified differently from FIG. 1 of the configuration of the power distribution system of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2 , in the power distribution system of the present invention, one end of the fault detector 200 is connected to the intermediate tap N, and the intermediate tap N of the power supply unit 300 and the neutral conductor 123 of the terminal block 100 are connected. ) may be electrically connected using a neutral wire 530 as shown in FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b). At this time, the other end of the fault detector 200 is grounded to the ground, so that when the power line or the terminal block 100 is submerged, the current leaked to the ground by the first and second leakage currents I1 and I2 is detected by the fault detector 200 . can be detected to determine whether it is submerged or not.

Also, as shown in FIG. 2C , the neutral conductor 123 of the terminal block 100 may be connected to the other end of the failure detector 200 . In addition to this, the other end of the fault detector 200 and the neutral conductor 123 may be grounded to the earth. In other words, when the fault detector 200 and the neutral wire 530 are not grounded in FIG. 2(c), the neutral wire current Ic flowing through the neutral wire 530 when one or both wires of the power line is submerged. The fault detector 200 may detect the submersion from the current flowing to the ground by the neutral current Ic and the first and second leakage currents I1 and I2 when the ground is grounded.

2(a) and 2(c), the power supply unit 300 includes first and second impedance elements 310 electrically connected in series between the first terminal AC1 and the second terminal AC2; 320), and the intermediate tap N is drawn out between the first and second impedance elements 310 and 320, and the impedances of the first and second impedance elements 310 and 320 may be set to be different from each other. . The first and second impedance elements 310 and 320 may be capacitors C1 and C2 as shown in FIG. 2 , or may include a combination of at least one element selected from capacitors, resistors, and inductors. For example, when the first and second impedance elements 310 and 320 are capacitors C1 and C2, the capacitances C1 and C2 may have different values.

3 shows a terminal block 100 according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3 , the terminal block 100 includes a main body 110 and a connection unit 120 electrically connected to each of two or more power lines and neutral lines 530 . Here, the connection unit 120 includes a first terminal conductor 121 configured to be connected to the first power line 510 of the power lines, and a second terminal conductor 122 configured to be connected to the second power line 520 of the power lines. may include. Additionally, the connection unit 120 may further include a neutral conductor 123 , and the neutral conductor 123 uses the neutral wire 530 to the other end of the fault detector 200 or the middle tap of the power supply unit 300 ( It may be electrically connected to N) or grounded to the earth.

In the terminal block 100 according to the present invention, a first leakage resistance R1 is formed between the first terminal conductor 121 and the neutral conductor 123 and the ground by submersion when the connection part 120 is submerged, and the first leakage resistance R1 is formed. A second leakage resistor R2 is formed between the two-terminal conductor 121 and the neutral conductor 123 and the ground.

The first and second terminal conductors 121 and 122 of the terminal block 100 may be disposed adjacent to the neutral conductor 123 . Through this structure, in the power distribution system of the present invention, when at least one of the first terminal conductor 121 or the second terminal conductor 122 of the terminal block 100 is submerged together with the neutral conductor 123, the first and second The leakage current leaked from the two-terminal conductors 121 and 122 flows to the neutral conductor 123 in the short distance without flowing in the water 400 over a long distance, thereby preventing electrical accidents such as electric shock.

According to FIG. 3 , the terminal block 100 according to the present invention includes a separator 130 formed at a predetermined height in the main body 110 to separate the first terminal conductor 121 , the terminal conductor and the neutral conductor 123 . It may be configured to further include. Furthermore, in the separator 130 , a water passage 131 may be formed to allow the flow of water 400 between the first terminal conductor 121 , the second terminal conductor 122 , and the neutral conductor 123 . .

The separation band 130 formed on the terminal block 100 functions to prevent the power line and the neutral line 530 connected close to each other from being short-circuited with each other. In addition, when any one of the terminal conductors is submerged, it is preferable that the other terminal conductors or neutral conductors 123 are also submerged in order to facilitate detection of submerged water and a quick bypass of the leakage current. Therefore, when any one of the first and second terminal conductors 121 and 122 is submerged, the other terminal conductor or the neutral conductor 123 is also submerged, so that the leakage resistance is lowered. ) can be formed.

In addition, the terminal block 100 of the present invention may further include a cover 140 covering the terminal conductor and the neutral conductor 123 in order to prevent electric shock due to direct contact of the human body with the terminal conductor as well as electric shock due to immersion. can

According to FIG. 1 , the first leakage current I1 flowing in the first power line 510 due to the submersion of the terminal block 100 flows to the neutral conductor 123 through the short-distance path in the water 400 by the first bypass. It may include a current I11 and a first electric shock current I12 flowing to the neutral conductor 123 through a long-distance path. In addition, the second leakage current I2 flowing through the second power line 520 is the second bypass current I21 flowing to the neutral conductor 123 through the short-distance path in the water 400 and the neutral conductor through the long-distance path A second electric shock current I22 flowing to (123) may be included. In addition, although not shown in the drawings, a portion of the first leakage current I1 and the second leakage current I2 may flow directly into the fault detector 200 through the ground without being collected by the neutral conductor 123 .

The first electric shock current I12 and the second electric shock current I22 that form a remote current path from the terminal block 100 or the leakage current flowing to the ground flows through the human body and may cause electric shock when a person is located in the remote current path. can On the other hand, the first bypass current I11 and the second bypass current I21 that form a short-range current path do not pass through a person nearby, and thus do not cause an electric shock.

Here, since the first electric shock current I12 and the second electric shock current I22 or the current paths of the leakage current flowing to the ground are much longer than the current paths of the first and second bypasses, the first and second electric shock currents ( Since I12 and I22 are much smaller than the first and second bypass currents I11 and I21, they can be configured not to cause an electric shock even if they flow through the human body.

According to FIG. 1 , at least one of the power supply unit 300 and the terminal block 100 according to the present invention is configured to flow a neutral current Ic to the neutral wire 530 by submersion when the terminal block 100 is submerged. can In other words, when the first terminal conductor 121 and the neutral conductor 123 are submerged, the first leakage current I1 flowing through the first power line 510 and the neutral wire 530 and the first leakage resistor R1. constitutes the neutral current Ic, and when the second terminal conductor 122 and the neutral conductor 123 are submerged, it flows through the second power line 520 and the neutral line 530 and the second leakage resistor R2. The second leakage current I2 constitutes the neutral current Ic.

In addition, although not shown in the drawing, since some of the first and second leakage resistors R1 and R2 include leakage resistance between the first and second power lines 510 and 520 and the ground, the first leakage current I1 ) and a portion of the second leakage current I2 may flow directly into the fault detector 200 through the ground without being collected by the neutral conductor 123 . However, hereinafter, for convenience of circuit analysis, when the neutral conductor 123 is included in the terminal block 100 as shown in FIG. 1 , it is assumed that the leakage resistance and the leakage current are formed only between the terminal conductor and the neutral conductor 123 .

When all of the first and second terminal conductors 121 and 122 and the neutral conductor 123 are submerged, the first leakage current I1 flowing through the first power line 510 and the second leakage current I1 flowing through the second power line 520 are submerged. The leakage current I2 is generated. At this time, when the first leakage current I1 and the second leakage current I2 have different values, a neutral current Ic may be generated by the difference.

In other words, in at least one of the power supply unit 300 and the terminal block 100 according to the present invention, when the terminal block 100 is submerged, the first leakage current I1 and the second leakage current I2 flowing by submersion are different, and thereby the neutral current Ic flows to the neutral wire 530 .

For example, the first leakage current I1 and the second leakage current I2 flow differently when the first voltage V1 and the second voltage V2 of the power supply unit 300 are set differently, and in this case, the neutral wire 530 ), the neutral current (Ic) can flow. In addition, the first leakage current I1 and the second leakage current I2 are equal to the first leakage resistance R1 between the neutral conductor 123 and the first terminal conductor 121 of the terminal block 100 and neutral when submerged. When the second leakage resistance R2 between the conductor 123 and the second terminal conductor 122 is configured to be formed differently, it flows differently, so that the neutral current Ic may flow to the neutral wire 530 . The structure of the terminal block 100 that allows the leakage resistance to be formed differently will be described later in detail through the exemplary configurations shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 .

The fault detector 200 is a component electrically connected in series with the neutral wire 530 to detect the neutral current Ic flowing in the neutral wire 530. According to FIG. 1, one end of the fault detector 200 is a power supply unit 300. Although the configuration is shown that is electrically connected to the middle tab N of the and the other end is electrically connected to the neutral conductor 123 of the terminal block 100 through a neutral wire 530, one end of the fault detector 200 is a neutral wire It is also possible to electrically connect to the intermediate tap N of the power supply unit 300 through 530 and the other end to directly connect to the neutral conductor 123 of the terminal block 100 .

1 shows a configuration in which the other end of the fault detector 200 is connected to the neutral conductor 123 and the neutral wire 530 of the terminal block 100 and grounded to the ground, but the terminal block 100 is connected to the neutral conductor 123 ) and the fault detector 200 is directly grounded without being connected to the terminal block 100 with a neutral wire 530, or the terminal block 100 has a neutral conductor 123 but with a neutral wire 530. ) and a configuration in which the fault detector 200 and the neutral conductor 123 are grounded, respectively, is also possible.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2 , in the power distribution system of the present invention, one end of the failure detector 200 is connected to the intermediate tap N, and the intermediate tap N of the power supply unit 300 and the terminal block 100 are neutral. The conductor 123 may be electrically connected using a neutral wire 530 as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B . At this time, the other end of the fault detector 200 is grounded to the ground, so that when the power line or the terminal block 100 is submerged, the current leaked to the ground by the first and second leakage currents I1 and I2 is detected by the fault detector 200 . can be detected to determine whether it is submerged or not.

As described above, even if the terminal block 100 does not include the neutral conductor 123 or the neutral conductor 123 and the fault detector 200 are not configured to be connected by the neutral wire 530, the other end of the fault detector 200 is When grounded, when one or both lines of the power line are submerged, a current path through the fault detector 200 through the ground is formed for the leakage current leaked from the power line, and the fault detector 200 detects the leakage current and is submerged. can determine whether

In addition, in the configuration in which the other end of the fault detector 200 is electrically connected to the neutral conductor 123 of the terminal block 100 even if the fault detector 200 is not grounded, the first leakage current of the power line when the terminal block 100 is submerged ( I1) and the second leakage current I2 by the neutral wire current Ic flowing through the neutral wire 530, the fault detector 200 may detect the leakage current and whether the submerged.

The fault detector 200 shown in FIG. 1 detects whether or not at least a part of the connection part 120 of the terminal block 100 is submerged by detecting the neutral current Ic flowing through the neutral wire 530 to cut off the power or an administrator. It is possible to prevent electric shock and electric accidents caused by flooding. In particular, in the power distribution system according to the present invention, the first and second terminal conductors 121 and 122 of the terminal block 100 connected to the first power line 510 and the second power line 520 to which the AC voltage Vac is applied. The fault detector 200 may detect the neutral current Ic flowing in the neutral wire 530 due to the unbalance of the leakage currents flowing in the first and second power lines 510 and 520 even if they are all submerged.

In addition, the fault detector 200 according to the present invention may be configured to limit the current flowing through the fault detector 200 to a predetermined dangerous current or less. In this case, the fault detector 200 may be equivalent to a configuration including a current limiting resistor Rd as shown in FIG. 1 . The current limiting resistance Rd of the fault detector 200 limits the amount of leakage current flowing when the terminal block 100 is submerged, and even when a part of the human body directly contacts the conductor of the terminal block 100, the leakage flowing through the body at this time. The current can be set to be below the dangerous current. For reference, if the current flowing through the human body is 15 mA or more, it causes convulsions (pain) and if it is 50 mA or more, it is known to lead to death. It can be designed to be limited.

In the power distribution system according to the present invention, the fault detector 200 has one end electrically connected to the intermediate tap N of the power supply unit 300 and the other end electrically connected to the neutral conductor 123 of the terminal block 100 . In this case, the other end of the fault detector 200 may be grounded to the ground.

In this structure, the fault detector 200 may detect not only the neutral current Ic of the neutral wire 530 but also the ground current flowing to the fault detector 200 through the ground. For example, when at least one of the first and second terminal conductors 121 and 122 and the neutral conductor 123 of the terminal block 100 are submerged, most of the current detected by the fault detector 200 is the neutral current ( Ic) or when only one terminal conductor of the first and second terminal conductors 121 and 122 of the terminal block 100 is submerged and the neutral conductor 123 is not submerged, the leakage from the submerged terminal conductor to the ground The earth current is detected by the fault detector 200 . Therefore, the power distribution system according to the present invention can detect submergence even when not only any one of the power lines but also all of the power lines are submerged and prevent electric shock to the human body.

4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a power distribution system according to the present invention for explaining the principle of detecting leakage current when the terminal block 100 is submerged. FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , but can be similarly applied to the above-described modified example and the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .

4 (a) is an equivalent circuit when the first terminal conductor 121 and the neutral conductor 123 of the terminal block 100 are submerged, and FIG. 4(b) is the terminal block ( 100) is an equivalent circuit when the second terminal conductor 122 and the neutral conductor 123 are submerged, and FIG. 4(c) shows the first and second terminal conductors 121 and 122 and the neutral of the terminal block 100. It is an equivalent circuit expressing a case in which all the conductors 123 are submerged.

In FIG. 4 , the case where the neutral conductor 123 is submerged and the neutral current Ic flows through the neutral wire 530 is exemplified. However, when the other end of the fault detector 200 is grounded, the neutral conductor 123 of the terminal block 100 is ) is not submerged, the first and second leakage resistors R1 and R2 are the first and second terminal conductors 121 and 122 because the leakage current leaked from the terminal conductor flows into the fault detector 200 through the ground. It can be understood as a concept including the resistance of the water 400 and the earth between the and the fault detector 200 . Hereinafter, for convenience of description, the description is limited to the case in which the neutral conductor 123 is submerged.

(When the first terminal conductor 121 and the neutral conductor 123 are submerged)

According to FIG. 4( a ), when the first terminal conductor 121 and the neutral conductor 123 of the terminal block 100 are submerged, the first terminal conductor 121 and the neutral conductor 123 are separated by submersion. 1 A leakage resistor R1 is formed. A first leakage current I1 flows through the first power line 510 and the neutral wire 530 by the first leakage resistance R1 formed by the submersion. At this time, the neutral current Ic of the neutral wire 530 is the same as the first leakage current I1 and may be expressed as Equation 1 below.

[Equation 1]

According to Equation 1, since the first leakage current I1 and the neutral current Ic are determined by the first leakage resistance R1 and the current limiting resistance Rd of the fault detector 200, the human body is connected to the terminal conductor. Even in direct contact, the current limiting resistor Rd of the fault detector 200 may be appropriately set so that the leakage current is less than or equal to the dangerous current.

In addition, since the neutral current Ic flows through the fault detector 200, the fault detector 200 detects whether the terminal block 100 is submerged by using the neutral current Ic, and the result can be notified to the manager.

(When the second terminal conductor 122 and the neutral conductor 123 are submerged)

According to FIG. 4(b), when the second terminal conductor 122 and the neutral conductor 123 of the terminal block 100 are submerged, the second terminal conductor 122 and the neutral conductor 123 are separated by submersion. 2 A leakage resistor R2 is formed. A second leakage current I2 flows through the second power line 520 and the neutral wire 530 by the second leakage resistance R2 formed by the submersion. In this case, the neutral current Ic of the neutral wire 530 is the same as the second leakage current I2 and can be expressed as Equation 2 below.

[Equation 2]

According to Equation 2, since the second leakage current I2 and the neutral current Ic are determined by the second leakage resistance R2 and the current limiting resistance Rd of the fault detector 200, the human body is connected to the terminal conductor. Even in direct contact, the current limiting resistor Rd of the fault detector 200 may be appropriately set so that the leakage current is less than or equal to the dangerous current.

In addition, since the neutral current Ic flows through the fault detector 200, the fault detector 200 detects whether the terminal block 100 is submerged by using the neutral current Ic, and the result can be notified to the manager.

(When both the first and second terminal conductors 121 and 122 and the neutral conductor 123 are submerged)

According to FIG. 4( c ), when both the first and second terminal conductors 121 and 122 and the neutral conductor 123 of the terminal block 100 are submerged, the first terminal conductor 121 and the neutral conductor 123 are A first leakage resistor R1 is formed between the two terminals by immersion, and a second leakage resistance R2 is formed between the second terminal conductor 122 and the neutral conductor 123 . The first and second leakage currents I1 and I2 respectively flow through the first and second power lines 510 and 520 by the first and second leakage resistors R1 and R2 formed by submersion, respectively, and the equation 3 and Equation (4).

[Equation 3]

[Equation 4]

At this time, the neutral current Ic corresponding to the difference between the first leakage current I1 and the second leakage current I2 flows through the neutral wire 530 and can be expressed as Equation 5.

[Equation 5]

Referring to Equation 5, there is a condition that the neutral current Ic becomes 0 by the first and second voltages V1 and V2 and the first and second leakage resistors R1 and R2. In other words, under the condition that R2·V1 = R1·V2 or R1:R2 = V1:V2, the neutral current Ic does not flow through the neutral wire 530 .

For example, when R1 = R2 and V1 = V2, the first leakage current I1 and the second leakage current I2 are equal to each other and are given as in Equation (6).

[Equation 6]

However, in the power distribution system according to the present invention, since the neutral current Ic flowing to the fault detector 200 must exist in order to detect submersion, the power supply unit 300 and the terminal block 100 of the present invention have a neutral current when submerged. In order for (Ic) to flow, it needs to be configured such that R2·V1 ≠ R1·V2 is a condition.

As an example of the above-described condition, the first and second voltages V1 and V2 may be the same, and the first and second leakage resistances R1 and R2 due to immersion may be configured to be formed differently. At this time, the neutral current Ic flowing through the neutral wire 530 may be given as in Equation 7 by substituting the condition of V1 = V2 into Equation 5.

[Equation 7]

As another example of the above-described condition, the first and second leakage resistors R1 and R2 may be formed to be the same during submersion, but the first and second voltages V1 and V2 may be configured differently. In this case, the neutral current Ic flowing through the neutral wire 530 may be given as in Equation 8 by substituting the condition R1 = R2 into Equation 5.

[Equation 8]

Of course, if the condition that the leakage current is unbalanced, that is, R2·V1 ≠ R1·V2, is satisfied so that the fault detector 200 detects whether the terminal block 100 is submerged from the neutral current Ic, the first and second voltages ( V1 and V2) are different from each other, and it is also possible to set the first and second leakage voltages to be different from each other.

Considering the above equations, when the leakage resistance between the terminal conductor and the neutral conductor 123 is equal to each other during submersion (for example, the structure of the terminal block 100 shown in FIG. 3), the second By setting the first and second voltages V1 and V2 differently, the power distribution system of the present invention can be configured such that the neutral current Ic as shown in Equation 8 flows when submerged. In addition, when the first and second voltages V1 and V2 of the power supply unit 300 are set to be the same, the terminal block may have different leakage resistance between the terminal conductor and the neutral conductor 123 of the terminal block 100 during submersion. By configuring (100) (for example, the structure of the terminal block 100 shown in FIGS. 5 to 8), the power distribution system of the present invention can be configured such that the neutral current Ic as in Equation 7 flows when submerged. have. The configuration of the terminal block 100 corresponding to the latter will be described later.

According to the equations expressing the neutral current (Ic), the leakage current and the neutral current (Ic) can be determined by the respective leakage resistance and the current limiting resistance (Rd) of the fault detector 200, so that the human body is connected to the terminal conductor. Even in direct contact, the current limiting resistor Rd of the fault detector 200 may be appropriately set so that the current flowing through the human body is less than or equal to the dangerous current.

In addition, in the present invention, in the power distribution system, the neutral current (Ic) flows to the fault detector 200, so the fault detector 200 detects whether the terminal block 100 is submerged using the neutral current (Ic) and manages the result. It is possible to respond to electrical accidents caused by flooding early by notifying

5 to 8 are diagrams illustrating a structure of a terminal block configured to have different leakage resistance between the terminal conductor and the neutral conductor 123 of the terminal block 100 when submerged.

Among them, FIGS. 5, 7 and 8 are cases where the area of the terminal conductor is different, and FIG. 6 is an exemplary view of the terminal block 100 showing the case where the separation distance between the terminal conductor and the neutral conductor 123 is different. In particular, FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate the terminal block 100 that can be submerged first so that the fault detector 200 can detect submergence more reliably by submerging any one of the terminal conductors in the case of submersion.

The terminal block 100 according to the present invention shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 includes a main body 110 and a connection unit 120 disposed on the main body 110 and electrically connected to two or more power lines and neutral lines 530, respectively. Is configured to include, when at least a part of the connection part 120 is submerged, the leakage resistance value between each of the two or more power lines formed by submersion and the neutral wire 530 may be different from each other. have.

More specifically, the connection part 120 of the terminal block 100 according to the present invention is configured to connect the neutral conductor 123 to which the neutral wire 530 is connected, and the first power line 510 among the power lines to be connected, and to be immersed in water. The first terminal conductor 121 forming the neutral conductor 123 and the first leakage resistance R1 by the method, and the second power line 520 among the power lines are connected to each other, and the neutral conductor 123 and the second and a second terminal conductor 122 forming a leakage resistance R2. In this case, the first and second terminal conductors 121 and 122 are configured such that the first and second leakage resistances R1 and R2 are formed differently between the neutral conductor 123 and the neutral conductor 123 when submerged.

5, 7 and 8, in the terminal block 100 of the present invention, the first and second terminal conductors 121 and 122 are configured to have different areas in contact with the water 400 when submerged. can Among the terminal conductors, a side having a larger area in contact with the water 400 has a lower leakage resistance value than a smaller side of the terminal conductor.

A method of differentiating the area of the terminal conductor is possible by setting at least one of the width and length of any one of the first and second terminal conductors 121 and 122 to be different from the width and length of the other terminal conductor. Although only the case where the terminal conductor and the neutral conductor 123 are plate-shaped is illustrated in the drawings, if the contact area with the water 400 is set differently, the shape is not limited thereto, and it can be formed in any three-dimensional shape. .

Referring to FIG. 6 , the first and second terminal conductors 121 and 122 are separated from the neutral conductor 123 so that the first and second leakage resistances R1 and R2 are formed differently when submerged. They may be arranged to be different from each other. The leakage resistance between the terminal conductor and the neutral conductor 123 has a lower leakage resistance value at a shorter distance than a longer one. That is, even if the area of each terminal conductor and the neutral conductor 123 is the same, the leakage resistance formed between the terminal conductor and the neutral conductor 123 when the terminal block 100 is submerged can be set differently by varying the distance therebetween. have.

Further, according to FIGS. 7 and 8 , the terminal block 100 of the present invention may be formed in a structure in which the terminal conductors are not submerged at the same time but are sequentially submerged one by one when submersion occurs.

For example, when the terminal block 100 is installed vertically, the first terminal conductor 121 is first submerged according to the time when the water 400 fills up by varying the length of the terminal conductor as shown in FIG. Afterwards, the second terminal conductor 122 may be submerged.

In addition, when the terminal block 100 is installed horizontally, the first terminal conductor 121 is first submerged according to the time when the water 400 fills up by varying the height of the terminal conductor as shown in FIG. The two-terminal conductor 122 may be submerged.

In this way, when any one of the terminal conductors of the terminal block 100 is submerged first in the case of submersion, all the leakage current flowing in the power line flows to the neutral wire 530, the effect of making the submergence detection of the fault detector 200 more reliable. have.

In the above, the configuration in which the terminal block 100 includes the neutral conductor 123 in addition to the terminal conductor has been described, but the terminal block 100 according to the present invention does not exclude the terminal block 100 in which the neutral conductor 123 is not included. , it is possible to determine whether the neutral conductor 123 is included in the terminal block 100 according to the wiring method of the power distribution system of the present invention described above.

5 to 8 show configurations in which the area or separation distance of the terminal conductors are varied in order to make the leakage resistance different, but in the power distribution system of the present invention, the first terminal in order to vary the leakage resistance during submersion. At least one conductive member (not shown) electrically connected to at least one of the conductor 121 or the second terminal conductor 122 may be further included, wherein the area in which the conductive member is in contact with the water 400 is , the first leakage current I1 and the second leakage current I2 may be formed to have different values.

By using the conductive member as described above, it is possible to configure the leakage resistance of the terminal block 100 differently without replacing the terminal block 100 even for a power distribution facility equipped with an existing terminal block 100 having the same leakage resistance.

In the above, the terminal block 100 and the power distribution system of the present invention have been described as an example when applied to a single-phase AC power source, but also for a DC power source such as sunlight and a three-phase AC power source, the power supply unit 300 for the intermediate tap N It can be applied by configuring each phase voltage and/or leakage resistance of the terminal block 100 differently.

Through the above-described configuration, the power distribution system and terminal block for preventing electric shock during submersion according to the present invention, by limiting the leakage current to below the dangerous current when the electric line is submerged, as well as detecting the submersion, It is effective in preventing electric shock from leakage current caused by leakage current and preventing the spread of electric accidents at an early stage.

In the foregoing, the present invention has been described and illustrated on the basis of preferred embodiments for illustrating the principles of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the construction and operation as shown and described as such. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will be able to understand that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is indicated by the following claims, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalent concepts should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

100: terminal block 110: body
120: connection parts 121, 122: first and second terminal conductors
123: neutral conductor 130: separator
131: water hole 140: cover
200: fault detector 300: power supply, isolation transformer
310: first impedance element 320: second impedance element
400: water 510, 520: first and second power lines
530: neutral wire
AC1, AC2: first and second terminals N: middle tap
Vac: AC voltage V1, V2: first and second voltages
I1, I2: first and second leakage currents Ic: neutral current
I11, I21: first and second bypass currents
I12, I22: first and second electric shock current
R1, R2: first and second leakage resistors Rd: current limiting resistors

Claims (19)

A terminal block electrically connected to two or more power lines and a neutral line having a potential between the voltages of the two or more power lines,
main body; and
It is disposed on the main body and includes a connection part electrically connected to each of the two or more power lines and neutral lines,
The connection part,
a neutral conductor configured to be connected to the neutral wire;
a first terminal conductor configured to be connected to a first power line among the power lines and forming a first leakage resistance with the neutral conductor by immersion; and
a second terminal conductor configured to be connected to a second power line among the power lines and forming a second leakage resistance with the neutral conductor by the immersion;
The first and second terminal conductors are configured such that the first and second leakage resistances are formed differently so that the leakage current flows through the two or more power lines differently, respectively.
delete According to claim 1,
The terminal block, characterized in that the first and second terminal conductors are formed to have different areas in contact with water when submerged.
According to claim 1,
The first and second terminal conductors are terminal blocks, characterized in that the separation distance from the neutral conductor is different from each other.
According to claim 1,
The terminal block, characterized in that the first and second terminal conductors are formed to have different lengths.
According to claim 1,
The first and second terminal conductors are terminal blocks, characterized in that arranged at different heights.
According to claim 1,
The terminal block further comprising a separator formed at a predetermined height in the main body to separate the first terminal conductor, the second terminal conductor, and the neutral conductor.
8. The method of claim 7,
A terminal block, characterized in that, in the separation band, a water passage hole is formed between the first terminal conductor, the second terminal conductor and the neutral conductor to allow water to pass therethrough.
a first terminal insulated from the ground by a resistance value equal to or greater than a predetermined ground resistance value, and a middle tap; a first terminal having a first voltage with respect to the intermediate tap; and a second terminal having a second voltage with respect to the intermediate tap; power supply unit;
A first power line having one end electrically connected to the first terminal of the power supply unit and flowing a first leakage current when submerged, and a first power line having one end electrically connected to the second terminal of the power supply unit and flowing a second leakage current when submerged. two or more power lines, including two power lines; and
a fault detector having one end electrically connected to the intermediate tap to detect a current flowing to the intermediate tap by the first and second leakage currents;
and wherein the first and second leakage currents flow differently when the first and second power lines are submerged.
10. The method of claim 9,
The power distribution system, characterized in that the first and second leakage current is configured to be different when the power line is submerged
11. The method of claim 10,
The power supply unit includes an insulation transformer having a secondary side including the first terminal, the second terminal and an intermediate tap,
The first and second voltages have different voltage values.
11. The method of claim 10,
The power supply unit includes first and second impedance elements electrically connected in series between the first terminal and the second terminal,
The middle tab is drawn between the first and second impedance elements,
The power distribution system, characterized in that the impedances of the first and second impedance elements are set to be different from each other.
10. The method of claim 9,
Further comprising a terminal block disposed to electrically connect the power source and the load, and electrically connected to the other end of each of the first power line and the second power line,
The terminal block,
main body; and
It is disposed on the main body, including a connection part electrically connected to each of the two or more power lines,
The connection part,
a first terminal conductor configured to be connected to a first power line among the power lines and forming a first leakage resistance along a path of the first leakage current by the submersion; and
and a second terminal conductor configured to be connected to a second power line among the power lines and forming a second leakage resistance along a path of the second leakage current by the submersion.
14. The method of claim 13,
The connection part,
Power distribution system, characterized in that it further comprises a neutral conductor electrically connected to the other end of the intermediate tap or the fault detector.
14. The method of claim 13,
The first and second terminal conductors are configured such that the first and second leakage resistances are different from each other.
16. The method of claim 15,
The said terminal block is a power distribution system characterized in that it is the terminal block in any one of Claims 3-8.
15. The method of claim 9 or 14,
Power distribution system, characterized in that the other end of the fault detector is grounded to the ground
10. The method of claim 9,
The fault detector is configured to limit a current flowing through the fault detector to a predetermined dangerous current or less.
14. The method of claim 13,
and at least one conductive member electrically connected to at least one of the first terminal conductor and the second terminal conductor, wherein an area of the conductive member in contact with water is such that the first leakage current and the second leakage current are mutually A power distribution system, characterized in that it is formed to have different values.

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