KR102269444B1 - Blasting Method for reducing vibration noise - Google Patents

Blasting Method for reducing vibration noise Download PDF

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KR102269444B1
KR102269444B1 KR1020200173663A KR20200173663A KR102269444B1 KR 102269444 B1 KR102269444 B1 KR 102269444B1 KR 1020200173663 A KR1020200173663 A KR 1020200173663A KR 20200173663 A KR20200173663 A KR 20200173663A KR 102269444 B1 KR102269444 B1 KR 102269444B1
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South Korea
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blasting
medium replacement
hole
explosive
medium
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KR1020200173663A
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Korean (ko)
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최찬규
최원석
최진석
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최찬규
최원석
최진석
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42DBLASTING
    • F42D3/00Particular applications of blasting techniques
    • F42D3/04Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/006Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42DBLASTING
    • F42D1/00Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/02Arranging blasting cartridges to form an assembly
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42DBLASTING
    • F42D1/00Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/08Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a vibration noise medium substitution blasting method. A purpose thereof is to minimize blasting damage by significantly reducing vibrations, noises, cracks and the like, which can be delivered to safety things such as a building, a structure and the like, people, livestock and the like located therearound, through the absorption of vibrations and noises produced by explosive energy in the event of explosive blasting as well as maximize a crushing effect through the concentration of explosive energy. In accordance with the present invention, the vibration noise medium substitution blasting method includes: a first step of drilling medium substitution holes on a blasting target and filling the medium substitution holes with a medium substitution material, and then, finishing the same through tamping; a second step of drilling a charging hole between the medium substitution holes and installing an explosive in the charging hole, and then, finishing the same through tamping; and a third step of exploding the explosive installed in the second step to blast the blasting target. In the first step, the medium substitution holes are drilled in accordance with at least two blasting depths and filled with the medium substitution material, and then, tamped. In the second step, the charging hole is drilled in accordance with one blasting depth, which is shorter in length than the medium substitution holes drilled in the first step, and charged with the explosive and tamped. In the third step, a detonator of the explosive installed in the second step is controlled and blasted.

Description

진동 소음 매질치환 발파 공법{Blasting Method for reducing vibration noise}Blasting Method for reducing vibration noise

본 발명은 발파 공법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 폭약 발파 시 폭발 에너지에 의한 진동소음을 흡진흡음하여 주변에 위치한 건물, 구조물 등의 보안 물건, 사람, 가축 등에 전파되는 진동과 소음 그리고 균열 등을 감소시키고 발파 효율을 향상하는 진동 소음 매질치환 발파 공법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a blasting method, and more particularly, by absorbing and absorbing vibration noise caused by explosive energy when blasting explosives, vibration, noise, and cracks propagated to security objects such as buildings and structures located nearby, people, livestock, etc. It relates to a vibration-noise medium displacement blasting method that reduces and improves blasting efficiency.

이 부분은 본 출원 내용과 관련된 배경 정보를 제공할 뿐 반드시 선행기술이 되는 것은 아니다.This section provides background information related to the subject matter of the present application and is not necessarily prior art.

주지하다시피 급격한 산업사회의 발달로 도시의 인구밀집, 토지가격 상승, 주거공간의 확보문제, 그에 따른 차량증가 주차 교통문제, 생활편의 근린시설 확보 등의 필요에 의해 토목 건축공사가 시행되어야 했고 그에 따라 발파작업이 필연적으로 시행되고 있다.As is well known, due to the rapid development of industrial society, civil engineering and construction work had to be carried out due to the necessity of urban population density, land price increase, housing space security problem, vehicle increase, parking traffic problem, and securing neighborhood facilities. Accordingly, blasting work is inevitably implemented.

발파(發破:blasting)란 지하 공간 개발, 지하철, 도로, 토목건축 공사장, 광산 등에서 암석이나 콘크리트 등 발파대상물(암반 또는 구조물)을 파쇄하는 것으로 발파대상물에 구멍을 천공을 하여 폭약과 뇌관을 넣어 기폭하여 폭발력으로 암석이나 구조물 등을 깨트리는 것으로 반드시 진동, 균열, 소음, 비산, 분진 등의 건설공해가 발생한다.Blasting (發破: blasting) is the crushing of blasting objects (rock or structures) such as rocks or concrete in underground space development, subways, roads, civil engineering construction sites, and mines. By detonating and breaking rocks or structures with explosive power, construction pollution such as vibration, cracks, noise, scattering, and dust is necessarily generated.

위와 같은 발파공해를 최소화하기 위해 사용되는 지발뇌관, 전자발파, 다단발파 등 많은 기법이 기본으로 적용되고 있고 아울러 진동, 소음, 균열 문제로 조절제어발파 공법을 적용하게 되는데 전통적 조절제어 발파공법은 크게 4가지로 구분할 수 있는데 다음과 같은 한계가 있다.Many techniques such as delayed detonation, electromagnetic blasting, and multi-stage blasting are basically applied to minimize the above blasting pollution. In addition, the controlled and controlled blasting method is applied due to vibration, noise and cracking problems. The traditional controlled and controlled blasting method is largely It can be divided into 4 categories, but it has the following limitations.

프리 스프리팅(Pre splitting)은 절단면을 확보하는 선균열 파쇄공법으로 선균열 시 진동폭음이 크고 암질이 불규칙할 때 효과에 확실성이 적다.Pre-splitting is a pre-crack fracturing method that secures the cutting surface. When pre-cracking, the vibration is loud and the effect is less certain when the rock quality is irregular.

라인 드릴링(Line Drilling)천공비가 많이 소모됨은 물론진동 제어효과가 적고 천공숙련도가 있어야 한다.Line Drilling Not only consumes a lot of drilling cost, but also has little vibration control effect and requires drilling skill.

스므스 블라스팅(Smooth Blasting)은 암질이 불균질 하거나 풍화암일 때 적용성이 적고 천공숙련도가 있어야 하며 터널에 주로 적용하며 노천에서는 소음진동의 우려로 대체로 사용하지 않는다.Smooth blasting has little applicability when the rock quality is heterogeneous or weathered rock, and requires high drilling skill. It is mainly applied to tunnels. It is generally not used in open air due to concerns about noise and vibration.

쿠션 블라스팅(Cushion Blasting)은 큐션 발파공이 점화되기 전에 주발파공이 점화되어야하고 프리스 프리팅과 결합없이는 코너에서 적용성이 제한되는 문제점이 있다.Cushion blasting has a problem in that the main blasting hole must be ignited before the cushion blasting hole is ignited, and its applicability is limited in the corner without combining with the prestressing blasting hole.

이와 같이 종래의 발파기술은 진동발생 억제방법이 소극적이고, 발파진동의 전파방향을 선택적으로 제어할 수 있는 방법이 없고 또한 그 대안으로 발전한 기계식 굴착법과 브레이커, 할암기 등은 시공성과 경제성 저하로 시간과 비용이 많이 소요되는 문제점이 있다.As such, in the conventional blasting technology, the vibration generation suppression method is passive, and there is no method to selectively control the propagation direction of the blasting vibration. And there is a problem that it takes a lot of cost.

등록특허 제10-0676914호는 터널의 막장면 중심부에 복수개의 장약공들을 천공하여서 된 심발부와, 상기 심발부의 외측으로 복수개의 장약공들을 천공하여서 된 심발확대부로서 선진도갱부 영역을 이루도록 하고, 상기 선진도갱부 영역의 외측에 복수개의 장약공들을 천공하여서 확대부 영역을 이루도록 한 후, 상기 심발부와 심발확대부의 장약공들을 차례로 발파하여 선진도갱부 영역의 암반을 1차로 굴착하고, 선굴착된 상기 선진도갱부 영역을 자유면으로 활용하면서 그 외측에 천공된 장약공들을 발파하여 확대부 영역의 암반을 2차로 굴착하는 것에 있어서, 상기 선진도갱부 영역 내의 심발부 중심에는 그 심발부의 장약공들보다 길이가 길게 천공되는 대구경 무장약의 선진 수평보링공이 위치되도록 하고, 상기 선진도갱부 영역 내의 심발확대부 외곽에는 라인드릴링하여 심발확대부의 장약공들보다 길이가 길게 천공되는 복수개의 무장약 방진공들이 위치되도록 하며, 상기 확대부 영역의 최외곽에는 라인드릴링하여 천공되는 복수개의 무장약 방진공들이 위치되도록 한 미진동 터널 굴착공법으로서, 무장약 방진공을 통해 진동과 소음을 최소화하고자 하는 것이지만, 무장약 방진공이 나공 상태로서 자유면을 확보하는 정도에 불과하여 진동 소음 저감 효과가 크지 못하고 또한 무장약 방진공 주변에서 발파 효율이 떨어지는 단점이 있다.Registered Patent No. 10-0676914 discloses a core part formed by perforating a plurality of charge holes in the center of the makjang surface of a tunnel, and a core extension part formed by drilling a plurality of charge holes on the outside of the core part to form an advanced tunneling area. And, after drilling a plurality of charge holes on the outside of the advanced guide shaft area to form an enlarged area, the deep foot part and the charge holes of the deep foot enlargement area are sequentially blasted to excavate the bedrock of the advanced guide shaft area first, In the second excavation of the rock of the enlarged area by blasting the drilling holes drilled on the outside while using the pre-excavated area of the advanced guide shaft as a free surface, the deep foot portion is located at the center of the deep foot portion in the advanced guide shaft area A plurality of advanced horizontal boring holes of large-diameter uncharged, which are drilled longer than the charge balls of It is a micro-vibration tunnel excavation method in which uncharged anti-vibration holes are located, and a plurality of un-medicated anti-vacuum holes perforated by line drilling are located at the outermost part of the enlarged part area. Vibration and noise are minimized through uncharged anti-vacuum. Although it is intended to be, there is a disadvantage that the vibration noise reduction effect is not great, and the blasting efficiency is lowered in the vicinity of the uncharged anti-vacuum because it is only about securing a free surface as a bare hole.

등록특허 제10-0676914호Registered Patent No. 10-0676914

본 발명은 전술한 바와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로, 폭약 발파 시 폭발에너지에 의한 진동소음을 흡진흡음시켜 주변에 위치한 건물, 구조물 등의 보안물건, 사람, 가축 등에 전파되는 진동과 소음 그리고 균열 등을 대폭 감소시켜 발파 공해를 최소화하고 아울러, 폭발에너지의 집중을 통해 파쇄 효과를 극대화시키는 진동 소음 매질치환 발파 공법을 제공하려는데 그 목적이 있다. The present invention is to solve the above-described problems, by absorbing and absorbing vibration noise caused by explosive energy when blasting explosives, vibration, noise, and cracks propagating to security objects, people, livestock, etc., such as buildings and structures located in the vicinity The purpose of this is to provide a vibration-noise medium replacement blasting method that minimizes blasting pollution by significantly reducing the blast energy and maximizes the crushing effect through the concentration of explosive energy.

본 발명에 의한 진동 소음 매질치환 발파 패턴은, 장약공들의 둘레부에 발파대상물보다 밀도가 낮은 매질치환재가 충진되는 매질치환공을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.The vibration noise medium replacement blasting pattern according to the present invention is characterized by including medium replacement holes in which a medium replacement material having a lower density than that of the blasting object is filled in the periphery of the long weak balls.

상기 매질치환재는 톱밥, 왕겨를 포함하는 생분해성 소재인 것을 특징으로 한다.The medium replacement material is characterized in that it is a biodegradable material including sawdust and rice husk.

본 발명에 의한 진동 소음 매질치환 발파 공법은, 발파대상물에 매질치환공을 천공하고 상기 매질치환공에 매질치환재를 충진한 후 전색으로 마감하는 제1단계와; 상기 매질치환공 사이에 장약공을 천공하고 상기 장약공에 폭약을 설치한 후 전색으로 마감하는 제2단계와; 상기 제2단계에서 설치한 폭약을 폭발시켜 상기 발파대상물을 발파하는 제3단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.The vibration noise medium replacement blasting method according to the present invention comprises: a first step of drilling a medium replacement hole in a blasting object, filling the medium replacement hole with a medium replacement material, and then finishing with a full color; a second step of perforating a charge hole between the medium replacement holes, installing an explosive in the charge hole, and then finishing with a full color; and a third step of blasting the blasting object by detonating the explosive installed in the second step.

본 발명에 의한 진동 소음 매질치환 발파 공법에 의하면, 발파대상물보다 밀도가 낮은 매질치환재를 통해 자유면을 확보유지함으로써 번-컷 방식에서 기대할 수 있는 보안물건이나 사람 등에 전달되는 진동과 소음을 최소화 함으로써 보안물건과 사람 등의 안정성 확보와 발파 공해의 최소화가 가능하고, 아울러 발파대상물보다는 적지만 매질치환재를 통해 폭발에너지를 매질치환공 주변에 전달하여 나공 상태보다도 더욱 매질치환공 주변에서 발파효과를 크게 기대할 수 있고 파쇄 효과를 극대화 할 수 있으므로 장약의 양을 무리하게 많이 사용하거나 장약공의 수량을 증가하거나 추가적인 발파 작업 없이 발파가 가능하므로 발파 작업이 매우 효율적이고 비용을 절감하는 효과가 있다.According to the vibration-and-noise medium replacement blasting method according to the present invention, the vibration and noise transmitted to security objects or people that can be expected from the burn-cut method are minimized by securing and maintaining the free surface through the medium replacement material having a lower density than the blasting object. By doing so, it is possible to secure the stability of security objects and people and minimize blasting pollution. In addition, although less than the blasting object, the blast energy is transmitted to the vicinity of the medium replacement hole through the medium replacement material, and the blasting effect is more effective in the vicinity of the medium replacement hole than in the hollow state. Since the blasting effect can be greatly expected and the shredding effect can be maximized, the blasting operation is very efficient and the cost is reduced because blasting can be performed without excessively using a large amount of charge, increasing the quantity of chargeer, or additional blasting operation.

또한, 저렴한 매질치환재의 사용이 가능하고 폐기처분되는 매질치환재의 사용을 통해 폐기처분 비용도 절감하며 무분별한 폐기를 줄여 환경보호의 효과도 있다.In addition, it is possible to use an inexpensive medium replacement material, and through the use of a medium replacement material that is disposed of, the disposal cost is reduced, and there is an effect of environmental protection by reducing reckless disposal.

도 1은 본 발명에 의한 진동 소음 매질치환 발파 패턴의 예를 보인 정면도.
도 2는 본 발명에 의한 진동 소음 매질치환 발파 패턴의 예를 보인 평면도.
도 3은 본 발명에 의한 진동 소음 매질치환 발파 공정도.
도 4는 본 발명에 의한 진동 소음 매질치환 발파 패턴이 적용된 터널 패턴도의 정면도.
1 is a front view showing an example of a vibration noise medium substitution blasting pattern according to the present invention.
2 is a plan view showing an example of a vibration noise medium displacement blasting pattern according to the present invention.
Figure 3 is a vibration noise medium replacement blasting process diagram according to the present invention.
4 is a front view of a tunnel pattern diagram to which the vibration noise medium substitution blasting pattern according to the present invention is applied.

하기에서 본 발명을 설명함에 있어, 관련된 공지 기능 또는 구성에 대한 구체적인 설명이 본 발명의 요지를 불필요하게 흐릴 수 있다고 판단되는 경우에는 그 상세한 설명은 생략할 것이다. 그리고 후술되는 용어들은 본 발명에서의 기능을 고려하여 정의된 용어들로서 이는 사용자, 운용자의 의도 또는 관례 등에 따라 달라질 수 있다. 그러므로 그 정의는 본 명세서 전반에 걸친 내용을 토대로 내려져야 할 것이다.In the following description of the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related well-known function or configuration may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted. In addition, the terms described below are terms defined in consideration of functions in the present invention, which may vary according to intentions or customs of users and operators. Therefore, the definition should be made based on the content throughout this specification.

도 1과 도 2에서 보이는 바와 같이, 본 발명에 의한 진동 소음 매질치환 발파 패턴은, 발파대상물과 다른 재료이면서 밀도가 더 낮은 매질치환재가 충진되는 매질치환공(10)과 장약공(20)(여기서 장약공은 폭약이 장약되는 모든 구멍으로 심발공, 확대공, 외곽공, 바닥공 등 다양한 위치에 있는 것을 의미한다)을 포함한다.As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vibration noise medium replacement blasting pattern according to the present invention is a material different from the blasting object, but a medium replacement hole 10 and a medium replacement hole 20 (20) ( Here, the charge hole refers to all the holes where explosives are charged, including the deep hole, the enlargement hole, the outer hole, the bottom hole, etc.).

1. 매질치환공.1. Medium replacement hole.

매질치환공(10)은 내부에 충진되는 매질치환재(11)를 이용하여 폭발에너지에 의한 진동소음을 흡진흡음 완충함으로써 발파대상물의 효율적인 발파와 함께 발파 공해를 최소하는 것이며, 장약공(20)의 주변에 형성된다.The medium replacement hole 10 is to minimize the blasting pollution with efficient blasting of the blasting object by using the medium replacement material 11 filled therein to absorb and absorb the vibration noise caused by the explosion energy, and to minimize the blasting pollution. is formed around

매질치환공(10)은 그 효과 발휘를 위하여 다음과 같은 조건을 만족한다.The medium replacement hole 10 satisfies the following conditions in order to exert its effect.

가. 천공경.end. skylight.

매질치환공(10)의 천공경은 장약공(20)의 천공경보다 2~4배, 바람직하게 3배이다.The hole diameter of the medium replacement hole 10 is 2 to 4 times that of the hole diameter of the long yak hole 20, preferably 3 times.

나. 천공장.I. mill factory.

매질치환공(10)의 천공장은 장약공(20)보다 더 길게 형성되며, 바람직하게 2~4 배 이상이다. 매질치환공(10)의 천공장을 장약공(20)의 천공장보다 길게 하는 이유는 매질의 치환 범위를 최대한 확대하여 전파되는 진동소음을 최대한 약화시키며 차후 발파공정의 정확도를 유지하기 위한 것이다.The perforation of the medium replacement hole 10 is formed longer than the long yak ball 20, and is preferably 2 to 4 times or more. The reason for making the perforation factory of the medium replacement hole 10 longer than that of the long and weak hole 20 is to maximize the displacement range of the medium, weaken the propagating vibration noise as much as possible, and maintain the accuracy of the subsequent blasting process.

매질치환공(10)은 사각형, 삼각형, 오각형, 육각형 등 현장조건에 따라 정할수 있으나 정사각형이 차후 1단계 굴착, 2단계 굴착에 대비하여 공의 평행 추적유지에 가장 유리하며 장약공(20)의 천공 평형도 유지에도 편리하다.The medium replacement hole 10 can be determined according to field conditions such as a square, a triangle, a pentagon, a hexagon, etc., but the square is the most advantageous for maintaining parallel tracking of the ball in preparation for the first-stage excavation and the second-stage excavation in the future. It is also convenient to maintain balance.

본 발명의 매질치환공(10)은 분할발파와 전면발파 모두 적용 가능하고, 분할발파 시에도 천공장을 전체 길이(깊이)로 시공할 수도 있다. 즉, 매질치환공(10)의 추가 시공없이 장약공(20)을 천공하고 폭약을 장약함으로써 분할발파나 전면발파가 가능하다.The medium replacement hole 10 of the present invention can be applied to both split blasting and front blasting, and even in the case of split blasting, the perforation plant can be constructed to the full length (depth). That is, split blasting or front blasting is possible by perforating the charge hole 20 and charging the explosive without additional construction of the medium replacement hole 10 .

장약공(20)의 천공장은 분할발파와 전면발파에 따라 달라진다.The perforation factory of the long-distance worker 20 varies depending on the split blasting and the front blasting.

다. 천공간격.All. celestial space.

매질치환공(10)과 장약공(20)의 천공간격은 매질치환공(10)의 천공경을 기준으로 5~7배이고, 예를 들어 매질치환공(10)의 천공경이 75mm일 때 375mm~525mm이다.The puncture spacing between the medium replacement hole 10 and the long weak hole 20 is 5 to 7 times based on the hole diameter of the medium replacement hole 10, for example, when the hole diameter of the medium replacement hole 10 is 75 mm, 375 mm~ 525mm.

이상에서 설명한 매질치환공(10)의 제원(천공경, 천공장, 천공간격)은 매질치환재(11)의 양과 밀접한 관련이 있는 것이며, 발파 효율의 극대화 및 발파 공해(진동 소음)의 최소화를 위한 최적의 수치이다.The specifications of the medium replacement hole 10 described above (perforation diameter, perforation factory, and perforation spacing) are closely related to the amount of medium replacement material 11, and maximize blasting efficiency and minimize blasting pollution (vibration noise). This is the optimal number for

이상의 제원으로 형성된 매질치환공(10)은 내부에 매질치환재(11)가 충진되고 입구가 전색제(12)로 전색된다.The medium replacement hole 10 formed with the above specifications is filled with a medium replacement material 11 inside, and the entrance is colored with a colorant 12 .

라. 매질치환재.la. medium substitute.

매질치환재(11)는 진동소음을 흡진흡음, 자유면 형성에 유리하도록 그 밀도가 발파대상물보다 밀도가 낮고, 잔유물로 인한 환경파괴를 일으키지 않도록 생분해가 가능한 친환경 소재로서 바람직하게 왕겨와 톱밥 각각 또는 왕겨와 톱밥의 혼합물(자유로운 혼합비율로 혼합 가능)이다.The medium replacement material 11 has a density lower than that of the blasting object so as to be advantageous for vibration noise absorption and sound absorption and free surface formation, and is an eco-friendly material that is biodegradable so as not to cause environmental destruction due to residues, preferably rice husk and sawdust, respectively, or It is a mixture of rice husk and sawdust (can be mixed at any mixing ratio).

왕겨와 톱밥은 발파대상물보다 낮은 밀도로 충진되어 자유면을 유지하고 폭발에너지를 흡수할 수 있어 발파효율 향상에 매우 효과적이고 또한 자연 상태에서 빨리 썩어 잔유물로 잔류되지 않으므로 환경파괴를 일으키지도 않는 특징이 있으며 또한 저렴한 가격으로 구매가 가능하여 경제성도 우수하다.Rice husk and sawdust are filled with a lower density than the blasting object to maintain a free surface and absorb blast energy, so it is very effective in improving blasting efficiency. It is also economical because it can be purchased at a low price.

그 외에 부직포, 스티로폼, 프라스틱, 비닐, 목재, 비철 등도 가능할 수 있지만 자연에서 오랫동안 분해되지 않을 뿐 아니라 경제적이지도 않다.In addition, non-woven fabric, styrofoam, plastic, vinyl, wood, non-ferrous material, etc. may be possible, but they do not decompose in nature for a long time and are not economical.

매질치환재(11)는 매질치환공(10)의 공저에서부터 전색구간 전까지 충진된다.The medium replacement material 11 is filled from the bottom of the medium replacement hole 10 to the full color section.

마. 전색제.hemp. media.

전색제는 모래 등 통상적으로 사용되는 재료이며, 매질치환재(11)의 충진으로 남은 입구쪽에 충진되어 전색하고, 전색장의 길이는 다양하게 실시 가능하므로 구체적인 수치로 한정하지 않으며 장약공(20)의 전색장 정도이거나 짧은 길이이다.The colorant is a commonly used material such as sand, and it is filled in the inlet side left by the filling of the medium replacement material 11 to color it, and the length of the colorant field can be implemented in various ways, so it is not limited to a specific value and the color of the charge ball 20 long or short in length.

이상과 같은 구성의 매질치환공(10)은 장약공(20)의 둘레부에 다수개가 설치된다.A plurality of medium replacement holes 10 of the configuration as described above are installed on the periphery of the long yak ball 20 .

2. 장약공(20).2. Charger (20).

장약공(20)은 폭약과 뇌관이 설치되는 발파공이며, 매질치환공(10)들의 중앙에 형성된다.The charge hole 20 is a blast hole in which explosives and a detonator are installed, and is formed in the center of the medium replacement holes 10 .

장약공(20)은 천공경이 통상적인 발파 시의 천공경과 동일 내지 유사하며, 천공장은 매질치환공(10)의 천공장보다 짧게 바람직하게 1/3(예를 들어 1.5m)정도가 가능하고, 예를 들어 천공경은 45mm, 천공장은 1.5m이다.The long yak hole 20 has the same or similar puncture diameter as that of a conventional blasting, and the drilling plant is shorter than the drilling plant of the medium replacement hole 10, preferably about 1/3 (for example, 1.5 m). For example, the drilling diameter is 45mm, and the drilling mill is 1.5m.

장약공(20)에 설치되는 폭약(21)의 장약량은 주변 보안물건 조건에 따라 미진동 암파쇄 장약량 125g에서 정밀진동 제어발파 장약량 500g, 소규모 진동제어발파 1600g, 중규모, 일반발파도 가능하다.The amount of charge of the explosive 21 installed in the charge hole 20 varies from 125 g of micro-vibration blasting charge to 500 g of fine vibration controlled blasting, 1600 g of small-scale vibration-controlled blasting, medium-scale and general blasting according to the conditions of the surrounding security object.

장약공(20)은 공입구가 전색제(22)로 전색되며, 전색제(22)는 모래 등 통상적인 전색제이다.In the charge ball 20, the entrance is colored with a vehicle 22, and the vehicle 22 is a typical vehicle such as sand.

본 발명에 의한 패턴은 노천발파와 터널발파 모두 적용 가능하다.The pattern according to the present invention is applicable to both open-air blasting and tunnel blasting.

본 발명에 의한 진동 소음 매질치환 발파 공법은 (S10) 패턴 설계 - (S20) 매질치환공 시공 - (S30) 장약공 시공 - (S40) 발파의 공정으로 이루어진다(도 3 참고).The vibration-noise medium replacement blasting method according to the present invention consists of the steps of (S10) pattern design - (S20) medium replacement hole construction - (S30) long and weak hole construction - (S40) blasting (refer to FIG. 3).

(S10) 패턴 설계.(S10) Pattern design.

발파대상물에 맞춰 발파 패턴을 설계하고, 발파 패턴은 매질치환공(10)과 장약공(20)이 조합된 것이며, 도 1을 예로 들어 설명하면, 하나의 장약공(20)의 둘레부에 4개의 매질치환공(10)이 등간격을 두고 배치되고, 매질치환공(10)과 장약공(20)의 제원은 전술한 조건을 만족하도록 설계한다. The blasting pattern is designed according to the blasting object, and the blasting pattern is a combination of the medium replacement hole 10 and the charge hole 20. The medium replacement holes 10 are arranged at equal intervals, and the specifications of the medium replacement holes 10 and the long and weak holes 20 are designed to satisfy the above-described conditions.

도 4는 터널 발파를 예로 들은 패턴도이다.4 is a pattern diagram taking tunnel blasting as an example.

본 발명의 패턴은 심발부와 외곽부 등으로 구분되는 것도 포함하고 있으며, 각각의 구역에 맞춰 천공간격이 달라질 수 있다.The pattern of the present invention includes being divided into a core part and an outer part, and the puncture space may vary according to each zone.

도 4에서 외곽에 부호 30은 정밀폭약으로 장약되는 외곽공이다.In FIG. 4, the symbol 30 on the outer side is an outer hole charged with a precision explosive.

도 2에서는 매질치환공(10)과 장약공(20)이 평행한 것으로 도시되었으나, 이에 한정되는 것은 아니며 V-CUT 방식으로도 매질치환공(10)과 장약공(20)이 공저에서 입구로 가면서 벌어지는 형태로 형성되는 것도 포함된다.In FIG. 2 , the medium replacement hole 10 and the long charge hole 20 are shown as parallel, but it is not limited thereto, and the medium replacement hole 10 and the long charge hole 20 move from the bottom to the inlet even in the V-CUT method. It also includes those that are formed in a form that expands as it goes on.

(S20) 매질치환공 시공.(S20) Construction of medium replacement hole.

패턴 설계에 맞춰 매질치환공(10)을 천공하고, 매질치환공(10)의 공저에서부터 전색구간을 제외한 곳까지 매질치환재(11)를 충진한 후 공입구를 전색제(11)로 전색한다.The medium replacement hole 10 is drilled according to the pattern design, and the medium replacement material 11 is filled from the co-bottom of the medium replacement hole 10 to the place except for the coloring section, and then the hole is colored with the coloring agent 11.

(S30) 장약공 시공.(S30) Jang Yak-gong construction.

매질치환공(10)들 사이에 장약공(20)을 천공하고 장약공(20) 안에 폭약(21)과 뇌관을 설치한 후 전색제(22)로 공입구를 전색한다.After drilling the charge hole 20 between the medium replacement holes 10 and installing the explosive 21 and the primer in the charge hole 20, the hole inlet is colored with the colorant 22.

공입구에 비산방지 타이어 매트 등을 설치하여 비산물로 인한 안전사고를 예방한다.Prevent safety accidents caused by scattering by installing shatterproof tire mats at the entrance.

장약공(20)을 먼저 시공한 후 매질치환공(10)을 시공하는 것도 가능하지만, 매질치환공(10)의 시공 중 먼저 설치된 장약공(20) 주변에 균열을 입히거나 폭약(21)을 손상시킬 수 있으므로 매질치환공(10)을 장약공(20)보다 먼저 시공하는 것이 바람직하다.It is also possible to construct the medium replacement hole 10 after constructing the charge hole 20 first, but damage the explosive 21 or cause cracks around the charge hole 20 installed first during the construction of the medium replacement hole 10 Since it can be done, it is preferable to construct the medium replacement hole 10 before the long yak ball 20 .

(S40) 발파.(S40) Blasting.

뇌관을 제어하여 폭약(21)을 폭발시키면 폭약(21)의 폭발로 하여 발파대상물이 파쇄된다. When the explosive 21 is detonated by controlling the detonator, the blasting object is crushed by the explosion of the explosive 21 .

예를 들어, 분할 발파의 경우 1차 발파 굴착 후 버럭(발파석)을 반출하고, 다음과 같이 2차 발파 굴착을 준비한다.For example, in the case of split blasting, after the first blasting excavation, the barracks (blasting stones) are taken out, and the second blasting excavation is prepared as follows.

1차 발파 굴착을 통해 매질치환공(10)의 일부분이 제거되었으며 2차 발파를 위하여 매질치환공(10)을 확인한다. 매질치환공(10)은 매질치환재(11)가 보이는 상태이며 일부의 매질치환재(11)를 빼낸어 전색공간을 확보하고 이 전색공간에 전색제(12)를 채워 전색한다. 이 때, 필요한 경우 매질치환공(10)을 추가할 수 있다.A part of the medium replacement hole 10 was removed through the first blasting excavation, and the medium replacement hole 10 is checked for the second blasting. The medium replacement hole 10 is a state in which the medium replacement material 11 is visible, and a part of the medium replacement material 11 is taken out to secure a full color space, and the colorant 12 is filled in this full color space to develop color. At this time, if necessary, the medium replacement hole 10 may be added.

2차 발파 굴착을 위한 2차의 장약공(20)을 천공하고 2차의 폭약(21)을 장약 및 전색한다.The secondary charge hole 20 for the secondary blast excavation is drilled, and the secondary explosive 21 is charged and colored.

2차의 폭약(21)을 폭발시키면 2차 폭약(21)의 폭발로 발파대상물의 2차 발파 굴착 구간이 파쇄된다.When the secondary explosive 21 is detonated, the secondary blasting and excavation section of the blasting object is crushed by the explosion of the secondary explosive 21 .

2차 발파 굴착 완료 후 전술한 방법을 반복하여 3차 발파 굴착을 실시한다.After the completion of the second blast excavation, the third blast excavation is carried out by repeating the above-described method.

이와 같은 발파 시 폭약(21)으로 인한 폭발에너지는 발파대상물에 전달되어 파쇄된다.During such blasting, the explosive energy due to the explosive 21 is transmitted to the blasting object and crushed.

또한, 폭발에너지는 매질치환공(10)과 매질치환재(11)에 전달되는데, 매질치환공(10)과 매질치환재(11)가 저항을 줄이는 효과가 있기 때문에 발파대상물의 효율적인 파쇄가 이루어지고, 아울러, 매질치환재(11)가 폭발에너지에 의한 진동소음을 흡진흡음, 교란 제어역할을 하여 진동이 주변의 보안물건이나 사람 등으로 전달되는 것을 최소화한다.In addition, the explosive energy is transferred to the medium replacement hole 10 and the medium replacement material 11, and since the medium replacement hole 10 and the medium replacement material 11 have an effect of reducing resistance, efficient crushing of the blasting object is achieved. In addition, the medium replacement material 11 serves to absorb the vibration noise caused by the explosive energy, absorb the vibration, and control the disturbance to minimize the transmission of vibration to the surrounding security objects or people.

매질치환재(11)는 폭발 시 산화되어 잔유물을 남기지 않으며, 일부 미산화된 잔유물이 생긴다 하더라도 자연 상태에서 썩어 환경을 파괴하지 않는다.The medium replacement material 11 is oxidized during explosion and does not leave residues, and even if some unoxidized residues are generated, it does not rot in a natural state and destroy the environment.

10 : 매질치환공, 11 : 매질치환재
12 : 전색제,
20 : 장약공, 21 : 폭약
22 : 전색제,
30 : 외곽공,
10: medium replacement hole, 11: medium replacement material
12: colorant,
20: firearms, 21: explosives
22: colorant,
30: outside work,

Claims (6)

발파대상물에 매질치환공을 천공하고 상기 매질치환공에 매질치환재를 충진한 후 전색으로 마감하는 제1단계와;
상기 매질치환공 사이에 장약공을 천공하고 상기 장약공에 폭약을 설치한 후 전색으로 마감하는 제2단계와;
상기 제2단계에서 설치한 폭약을 폭발시켜 상기 발파대상물을 발파하는 제3단계를 포함하고,
상기 제1단계는 상기 매질치환공을 2회 이상의 발파 깊이에 맞춰 천공하여 매질치환재를 충진한 후 전색하며, 상기 제2단계는 상기 제1단계에서 천공한 매질치환공보다 짧은 길이이면서 1회의 발파 깊이로 장약공을 천공하여 폭약을 장약 및 전색하고, 상기 제3단계는 상기 제2단계에서 설치한 폭약의 뇌관을 제어하여 발파하는 것을 특징으로 하는 진동 소음 매질치환 발파 공법.
A first step of drilling a medium replacement hole in the blasting object, filling the medium replacement hole with a medium replacement material, and then finishing with a full color;
a second step of perforating a charge hole between the medium replacement holes, installing an explosive in the charge hole, and then finishing with a full color;
and a third step of blasting the blasting object by detonating the explosive installed in the second step,
In the first step, the medium replacement hole is drilled to match the blasting depth two or more times, and the medium replacement material is filled and then colored, and the second step is a shorter length than the medium replacement hole drilled in the first step and one time. A vibration-noise medium replacement blasting method, characterized in that by drilling a charge hole to a blasting depth to charge and color the explosive, and the third step is to control the detonator of the explosive installed in the second step to blast.
청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 매질치환재는 톱밥, 왕겨, 부직포, 스티로폼, 목재, 비철 중 하나 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 진동 소음 매질치환 발파 공법.The vibration-noise medium replacement blasting method according to claim 1, wherein the medium replacing material is at least one of sawdust, rice husk, nonwoven fabric, Styrofoam, wood, and non-ferrous material. 청구항 1 또는 청구항 2에 있어서, 상기 매질치환공은 천공경이 상기 장약공의 천공경보다 2 ~ 4배 크고, 천공간격은 천공경보다 5~10배인 것을 특징으로 하는 진동 소음 매질치환 발파 공법.The vibration-noise medium displacement blasting method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the perforation diameter of the medium replacement hole is 2 to 4 times larger than the perforation diameter of the long and weak hole, and the perforation space is 5 to 10 times larger than the perforation diameter. 삭제delete 삭제delete 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제3단계 후 상기 제1단계를 통해 시공된 상기 매질치환공의 입구를 전색하고 상기 매질치환공들 사이에 장약공을 천공하여 폭약을 장약한 후 발파하는 것을 2회 이상 반복하여 발파대상물을 분할 발파하는 것을 특징으로 하는 진동 소음 매질치환 발파 공법.







The method according to claim 1, wherein after the third step, the entrance of the medium replacement hole constructed through the first step is colored, and a charge hole is drilled between the medium replacement holes to charge the explosive and then blast it twice or more A vibration-noise medium replacement blasting method, characterized in that the blasting object is divided and blasted repeatedly.







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CN115325895A (en) * 2022-09-20 2022-11-11 鹤庆北衙矿业有限公司 Strip mine slope presplitting blasting layout mode

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KR19990002665A (en) * 1997-06-20 1999-01-15 심동수 Rock cutting method using tensile fracture
KR100676914B1 (en) 2006-06-13 2007-02-01 주식회사 무진네오테크 Excavating method of tunnel with slight vibration
KR20120033839A (en) * 2010-09-30 2012-04-09 흥도이엔지 주식회사 Blasting method for preventing transmission of vibration
KR20140022193A (en) * 2012-08-13 2014-02-24 조금원 Blast pressure effusion inhibition device and method for blasting the vast hole using the same
KR20190123557A (en) * 2018-04-24 2019-11-01 임대규 tunnel blasting method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR19990002665A (en) * 1997-06-20 1999-01-15 심동수 Rock cutting method using tensile fracture
KR100676914B1 (en) 2006-06-13 2007-02-01 주식회사 무진네오테크 Excavating method of tunnel with slight vibration
KR20120033839A (en) * 2010-09-30 2012-04-09 흥도이엔지 주식회사 Blasting method for preventing transmission of vibration
KR20140022193A (en) * 2012-08-13 2014-02-24 조금원 Blast pressure effusion inhibition device and method for blasting the vast hole using the same
KR20190123557A (en) * 2018-04-24 2019-11-01 임대규 tunnel blasting method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115325895A (en) * 2022-09-20 2022-11-11 鹤庆北衙矿业有限公司 Strip mine slope presplitting blasting layout mode

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