KR102266908B1 - Fine dust filter for windows and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fine dust filter for windows and doors and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a fine dust filter for windows and doors including an insect screen and a network structure of nanofibers attached to the insect screen, wherein the fine dust filter for windows and doors is nanofiber It relates to a fine dust filter for windows and doors which can be easily applied to a bar window frame, in which the mesh structure of is attached to an insect screen, and the nanofiber contains inorganic salts and has excellent fine dust removal efficiency, and a method for manufacturing the same.

Description

Fine dust filter for windows and method for manufacturing the same}

The present invention relates to a fine dust filter for windows and doors and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a fine dust filter for windows and doors including an insect screen and a network structure of nanofibers attached to the insect screen, wherein the fine dust filter for windows and doors is nanofiber It relates to a fine dust filter for windows and doors which can be easily applied to a bar window frame, in which the mesh structure of is attached to an insect screen, and the nanofiber contains inorganic salts and has excellent fine dust removal efficiency, and a method for manufacturing the same.

When living for a long time by sealing an indoor space with a window, various kinds of dust, microorganisms, and various pollutants (formaldehyde, volatile organic matter, asbestos powder, radon) emitted from indoor building materials float in the air in the indoor space, and these are It causes diseases and various allergies, and causes diseases such as headaches, coughs, skin diseases, and cancer.

Therefore, it is important to ventilate the room and the outside to ventilate the indoor air. When the windows are opened during this ventilation process, not only dust and insects from the outside enter, but also heavy metals in the air enter the room, which harms health. occurred.

In particular, particulate matter (PM) in the air, commonly called fine dust, can be a threat to people's health. PM is a complex mixture of tiny particles and liquid droplets. PMs are classified into PM2.5 and PM10 based on particle size, which refer to particle sizes of 2.5 μm and less than 10 μm, respectively. Because the PM2.5 and PM10 contaminants can penetrate the human bronchi and lungs due to their small particle size, prolonged exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 increases morbidity and mortality.

Accordingly, as an example, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2012-0003992 discloses an insect-repellent net having a function of generating plasma to purify air together with an insect-repellent function of preventing the intrusion of insects.

However, the insect screen as described above is a double mesh on the outside and inside, so it is necessary to use a plurality of frames such as applying a '+' electrode on one side and a '-' electrode on the other side, so the configuration is complicated and the volume is large, so it can be easily applied to the existing window frame. There was this difficult problem.

Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, there is an urgent need to develop a fine dust filter for windows and doors that can be easily applied to window frames and has excellent fine dust removal efficiency.

KR 10-2012-0003992 A (2012. 1. 12.)

The present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fine dust filter for windows and doors that can be easily applied to window frames and has excellent fine dust removal efficiency, and a method for manufacturing the same.

The present invention for realizing the object as described above is a fine dust filter for windows and doors including an insect screen and a network structure of nanofibers attached to the insect screen, wherein the nanofibers contain 5-20 wt% of inorganic salt. We provide a fine dust filter for

In addition, the present invention comprises the steps of (a) preparing a spinning solution containing 0.1-0.2M inorganic salt; and (b) electrospinning the spinning solution to the insect screen to attach the nanofiber network structure to the insect screen.

The fine dust filter for windows and doors of the present invention according to the configuration as described above has an effect that can be easily applied to window frames by simple construction of the installation of the insect screen, since the nanofiber network structure is attached to the insect screen.

The fine dust filter for windows and doors of the present invention contains nanofibers containing inorganic salts and has an excellent effect of removing fine dust.

1 is a photograph of a fine dust filter for windows and doors of the present invention according to light transmittance.
2 is a schematic diagram of a method of manufacturing a fine dust filter for windows and doors according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) image and EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectrometer) mapping image of the nanofiber of Example 2 of the present invention.
4 is an EDAX analysis result of the nanofiber of Example 2 of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention.

The present invention relates to a fine dust filter for windows and doors comprising an insect screen and a network structure of nanofibers attached to the insect screen, wherein the nanofiber contains 5-20 wt% of inorganic salt.

The insect screen may be made of at least one selected from metal, synthetic resin, and inorganic fiber.

The metal may be, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of copper, aluminum, and stainless steel.

The synthetic resin may be, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of polyester and nylon including polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, and polybutylene terephthalate.

The inorganic fiber may include, for example, glass fiber.

The insect screen may have a mesh structure in which a grid of a predetermined size is formed by arranging wires at regular intervals in horizontal and vertical directions.

The diameter of the wire may be 110-140 μm, or 120-130 μm. When the diameter of the wire is less than the above range, the strength of the wire is low and there is a risk of breakage, and when it exceeds the above range, the material cost may increase while the strength is higher than necessary.

The size of the grid of the insect screen may be 310-340 μm×310-340 μm or 320-330 μm×320-330 μm. If the size of the grid is less than the above range, the air permeability of the fine dust filter for windows and doors may be reduced, and if the size of the grid is over the above range, pollutants other than large polluting particles and pests may be introduced into the indoor space.

The nanofiber is, for example, polyvinylidene fluoride (Polyvinylidenefluoride), polyethersulfone (Polyethersulfone), polysulfone (polysulfone), polyacrylonitrile (Polyacrylonitrile), polyamideimide (Polyamideimide), polyurethane (Polyurethane), It may include at least one resin selected from the group consisting of polyarylsulfone and ethylene chloro-trifluoroethylene.

The dipole moment of the resin may be 2-5 Debye(D), or 3-4D. Since the surface of fine dust has a polar functional group, as the dipole moment of the resin increases, the ability to electrically collect fine dust may increase. In the present invention, as a specific example, the resin may be polyacrylonitrile having a dipole moment of 3.6D.

The diameter of the nanofiber can be adjusted by changing the concentration of the spinning solution and the applied voltage, the diameter of the nanofiber may be 100-400nm, or 150-300nm. As the diameter of the nanofiber is smaller, the usable specific surface area increases, so that the fine dust removal efficiency of the fine dust filter for windows and doors can be increased. can be effectively removed.

The inorganic salt is added to improve filtration performance, and may be in the form of, for example, metal 　 inorganic salt. The metal inorganic salt may be in a form in which an anion and a metal cation are combined.

The anion of the metal 　 inorganic salt is, for example, a hydroxide ion, a phosphate ion, a nitrate ion, a perchlorate ion, a sulfate ion, a bromide ion, an iodide ion ) ions, fluoride ions, and chloride ions may be at least one selected from the group consisting of ions.

In addition, the metal cation of the metal inorganic salt is, for example, aluminum (Al) ion, lithium (Li) ion, sodium (Na) ion, potassium (K) ion, rubidium (Rb) ion, cesium (Cs) ion, beryllium ( Be) ion, magnesium (Mg) ion, calcium (Ca) ion, strontium (Sr) ion, barium (Ba) ion, titanium (Ti) ion, zirconium (Zr) ion, hafnium (Hf) ion, vanadium (V) ion Ion, niobium (Nb) ion, tantalum (Ta) ion, chromium (Cr) ion, molybdenum (Mo) ion, tungsten (W) ion, manganese (Mn) ion, technetium (Tc) ion, rhenium (Re) ion, Iron (Fe) ion, ruthenium (Ru) ion, osmium (Os) ion, cobalt (Co) ion, rhodium (Rh) ion, iridium (Ir) ion, nickel (Ni) ion, palladium (Pd) ion, platinum ( Pt) ion, copper (Cu) ion, silver (Ag) ion, gold (Au) ion, cadmium (Cd) ion, mercury (Hg) ion, boron (B) ion, gallium (Ga) ion, indium (In) ion ions, thallium (Tl) ions, silicon (Si) ions, germanium (Ge) ions, tin (Sn) ions, lead (Pb) ions, phosphorus (P) ions, arsenic (As) ions, antimony (Sb) ions, and It may be at least one selected from the group consisting of bismuth (Bi) ions.

The inorganic salt may have a dipole moment of 8-13Debye(D), or 9-12D. As the dipole moment of the inorganic salt increases, the electrostatic attraction between the nanofiber containing the inorganic salt and the fine dust particles having a polar functional group on the surface increases, so that the fine dust filter for windows including the nanofiber containing the inorganic salt of fine dust removal efficiency can be increased. As a specific example in the present invention, the inorganic salt may be potassium iodide (KI) having a dipole moment of 10.8D.

The nanofiber may include 5-20% by weight, or 7-18% by weight of the inorganic salt. When the inorganic salt is included in less than the above range, the fine dust removal efficiency of the fine dust filter for windows and doors including the same may be reduced. In addition, the nanofiber is produced by electrospinning a spinning solution containing an inorganic salt, and when the inorganic salt is included in an excessive amount in the spinning solution, the electrospinning process does not proceed smoothly, so it may not be possible to manufacture the nanofiber have.

The basis weight of the network structure of the nanofibers may be 0.01-0.2 g/m ² , or 0.01-0.1 g/m ² . Basis Weight may be defined as mass per unit area, ie, grams per square meter (g/m ^{2 ) as a preferred unit.} When the basis weight of the network structure of the nanofiber is less than the above range, mechanical properties may be lowered, and if it exceeds the above range, productivity may be reduced.

The fine dust filter for windows and doors may have a light transmittance of 50-95%, 60-93%, or 70-90% (see FIG. 1 ). The light transmittance may be an average value of light transmittance obtained by weighting an AM (Air Mass) 1.5 solar spectrum having a wavelength of 400 to 800 nm. When the light transmittance of the fine dust filter for windows and doors is less than the above range, it may be difficult to secure visibility and air permeability, and when it exceeds the above range, fine dust removal efficiency may be reduced.

The fine dust filter for windows and doors may have a fine dust (PM10) removal efficiency (E) of 65-81%, or 67-80% at a light transmittance of 50-95%. As a specific example, the fine dust (PM10) removal efficiency at a light transmittance of 52% may be 73-81%, or 75-80%. As another specific example, the fine dust (PM10) removal efficiency at a light transmittance of 90% may be 65-77%, or 67-75%.

The nanofibers of the fine dust filter for windows and doors contain inorganic salts having a large dipole moment, so that the fine dust removal efficiency can be exhibited by a large electrical attraction between the nanofibers and the fine dust (PM10).

The fine dust filter for windows and doors may have a pressure drop of 5-30 Pa or 5.5-28 Pa at a light transmittance of 50-95%. As a specific example, the pressure drop at a light transmittance of 52% may be 26-30Pa, or 28-30Pa. As another specific example, the pressure drop at a light transmittance of 90% may be 7.5-8.5Pa, or 7.5-8.0Pa.

On the other hand, the pressure drop increases as the flow velocity of air increases, and the pressure drop of the fine dust filter for windows and doors is a result of measuring wind speed of 0.21 m/s per unit area. The fine dust filter for windows and doors of the present invention exhibits the pressure drop as described above under the above wind speed conditions to realize excellent ventilation.

Windows for the fine dust filter may be a quality factor (Quality factor, QF) of the PM10 reference 0.04-0.31Pa ^-1, or from ^-1 0.04-0.30Pa light transmittance of 50-95%. As a specific example, at a light transmittance of 52%, QF may be 0.04-0.07 Pa ^-1 , or 0.045-0.065 Pa ^-1 . As another specific example, the QF at a light transmittance of 90% may be ^{0.12-0.20Pa -1} , or 0.13-0.19 Pa ^{-1 .}

The overall performance of the filter considering both the fine dust removal efficiency and the pressure drop can be evaluated by QF, and the higher the QF, the better the filter performance. The QF may be defined as QF = -ln(1-E)/ΔP. E is the fine dust removal efficiency, and ΔP is the pressure drop of the filter. Within the QF range, the fine dust filter for windows and doors may implement excellent fine dust removal efficiency and air permeability.

A method for manufacturing a fine dust filter for windows and doors includes the steps of (a) preparing a spinning solution containing 0.1-0.2M inorganic salt; and (b) electrospinning the spinning solution to the insect screen to attach the nanofiber network structure to the insect screen (see FIG. 2).

In the step of (a) preparing a spinning solution containing 0.1-0.2M of an inorganic salt, a resin solution is prepared by dissolving the resin in a solvent, and then the inorganic salt is added to the solution in an amount of 0.1-0.2M to 50 It may be a step of preparing a spinning solution by dissolving it through stirring at -60°C for 2-3 hours.

Since the resin and the inorganic salt are the same as described above, the same description is omitted.

The solvent may include, for example, dimethyl formamide (DMF), but is not limited thereto.

The step of attaching the network structure of nanofibers to the insect screen by electrospinning the spinning solution to the insect screen (b) after loading the spinning solution using a syringe and pumping the spinning solution from the needle tip using a syringe pump , It may be a step of attaching the nanofiber network structure to the insect screen by directly electrospinning the spinning solution to the insect screen.

Hereinafter, preferred examples are presented to help the understanding of the present invention, but the following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications are possible within the scope and spirit of the present invention, It goes without saying that changes and modifications fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Example

Example 1

(a) preparing a spinning solution containing 0.1M inorganic salt

0.58 g of polyacrylonitrile (M _w = 150,000, Sigma Aldrich, CAS#25014-41-9) was dissolved in 5mL of DMF (Duksan Reagents, CAS#68-12-2) to form polyacrylonitrile with a concentration of 11% by weight. After preparing a nitrile solution, potassium iodide was added to the solution in an amount of 0.1M and stirred at 55° C. for 2 hours to prepare a spinning solution.

(b) attaching the nanofiber network structure to the insect screen by electrospinning the spinning solution to the insect screen

The spinning solution was loaded using a syringe with an inner diameter of 16 mm and a volume of 12 mL with a 21-gauge needle tip and connected to a voltage supply unit (ES30P-5W, Gamma High Voltage Research). The spinning solution was pumped from the needle tip using a syringe pump (KD Scientific). The above spinning solution was electrospun on a grounded copper mesh to attach a network structure of nanofibers. The wire diameter of the copper mesh was 127 μm, and the lattice size of the copper mesh was 322.45 μm×324.12 μm. During electrospinning, nanofibers were placed across mesh pores to prepare fine dust filters for windows and doors. At this time, the diameter of the nanofiber was 291 nm, and the basis weight of the network structure of the nanofiber was 0.05 g/m ² .

Here, the nanofibers of the fine dust filter for windows and doors contained potassium iodide in an amount of 9.57% by weight ( ^{see 1st} measurement result in Table 2).

Example 2

A fine dust filter for windows and doors was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that in step (a), potassium iodide was added to the polyacrylonitrile solution to contain 0.2 M to prepare a spinning solution.

Here, the nanofibers of the fine dust filter for windows and doors contained 15.90% by weight of potassium iodide ( ^{see 1st} measurement result in Table 2).

comparative example

Comparative Example 1

A fine dust filter for windows and doors was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that potassium iodide was not added to the polyacrylonitrile solution in step (a) and the polyacrylonitrile solution was used as a spinning solution. .

Comparative Example 2

A fine dust filter for windows and doors was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that in step (a), potassium iodide was added to the polyacrylonitrile solution to contain 0.05M to prepare a spinning solution.

Here, the nanofibers of the fine dust filter for windows and doors contained potassium iodide in an amount of 4.28% by weight.

Comparative Example 3

In step (a), an electrospinning process was attempted after preparing a spinning solution by adding potassium iodide to the polyacrylonitrile solution to contain 0.3 M, but it was impossible to manufacture a fine dust filter. couldn't

The manufacturers and grades of the materials used in the above Examples and Comparative Examples are as follows.

-Polyacrylonitrile (M _w =150,000, Sigma Aldrich, CAS#25014-41-9)

-DMF (Duksan Reagents, CAS#68-12-2)

-The content of potassium iodide in the nanofibers of the fine dust filter for windows and doors was measured through EDAX (Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy) analysis and ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma) analysis.

The content ratio of potassium ions and iodine ions in the nanofiber of Example 2 was measured through the EDIX analysis (see FIGS. 3 and 4). At this time, in FIG. 4, C, N, O are ions detected by polyacrylonitrile, and K and I are ions detected by potassium iodide. Through the EDAX analysis, it was confirmed that potassium ions and iodine ions were present in a ratio of about 1:1 in the nanofiber.

Separately, the content of potassium ions in the nanofiber was measured through the ICP analysis. As a pretreatment process for the ICP analysis, 0.1 g of nanofibers were collected as a sample, treated with nitric acid, and then decomposed with microwaves. Thereafter, a transparent solution was prepared by diluting with 2-3% nitric acid, and the content of potassium ions in the nanofiber was measured through ICP analysis (see Table 1). The measurement was carried out in Example 1 and Example 2 twice, respectively, and the first implementation was indicated as 1 ^st and the second implementation as 2 ^nd .

Sample Potassium ion (ppm) Example 1_1 ^st 22534.24 Example 1_2 ^nd 21297.20 Example 2_1 ^st 37448.85 Example 2_2 ^nd 38490.21

(unit-ppm (mg/kg))

Thereafter, the weight of potassium iodide contained in the nanofiber was expressed in % by using the content ratio of potassium ion and iodine ion in the nanofiber measured through the ICP analysis and the content of potassium ion measured through the Edax analysis. (See Table 2).

sample Potassium ion weight contained in 1 kg of nanofiber Weight of iodide ion contained in 1kg of nanofiber Potassium iodide weight contained in 1 kg of nanofiber Potassium iodide content in nanofibers Example 1_1 ^st 22.53424g 73.14118g 95.67542g 9.57% by weight Example 1_2 ^nd 21.29720g 69.1260g 90.4232g 9.04% by weight Example 2_1 ^st 37.44885g 121.5507g 158.9996g 15.90% by weight Example 2_2 ^nd 38.49021g 124.9307g 163.42091g 16.34% by weight

Potassium iodide content in the nanofibers of the fine dust filter for windows and doors of Comparative Example 2 was also measured in the same manner as above.

test example

light transmittance

The light transmittance of the fine dust filter for windows and doors was expressed as the average value of the light transmittance values obtained after weighting the AM1.5 solar spectrum with a wavelength of 400 to 800 nm.

Fine dust removal efficiency (E)

Table 3 shows the PM10 removal efficiency by comparing the PM10 particle number concentration with and without the fine dust filter for windows and doors. The PM 10 concentration was measured using a portable particle counter (DT-9881, CEM instrument, India).

As the PM 10 removal efficiency increases, the fine dust filter for windows may exhibit excellent performance.

Pressure drop (ΔP)

Table 3 shows the pressure drop by measuring the pressure difference between the wind speed of 0.21 m/s per unit area across the fine dust filter for windows and doors with a differential pressure gauge (EM201B, UEi test instrument).

The lower the pressure drop, the better the air permeability of the fine dust filter for windows and doors can be realized.

QF (Quality Factor)

The QF of the fine dust filter for windows and doors was calculated by QF = -ln(1-E)/ΔP, and the QF based on PM10 is shown in Table 3.

As the QF increases, the fine dust filter may exhibit excellent performance.

(PM10 removal efficiency, pressure drop, QF measurement impossible in Comparative Example 3)

The fine dust filters for windows and doors of Examples 1 and 2 were excellent in fine dust removal efficiency and QF, and exhibited low pressure drop and excellent ventilation.

On the other hand, the fine dust filter for windows and doors of Comparative Example 1 did not contain potassium iodide in the spinning solution, and the fine dust filter for windows and doors of Comparative Example 2 contained 0.05M potassium iodide in the spinning solution to remove fine dust compared to Examples Efficiency decreased.

On the other hand, the fine dust filter for windows and doors of Comparative Example 3 used a spinning solution containing 0.3M potassium iodide in the spinning solution, and the spinning solution contained an excessive amount of potassium iodide, and the electrospinning process using the same was not performed. Therefore, it was impossible to manufacture fine dust filters for windows and doors, and accordingly, it was impossible to measure fine dust removal efficiency, pressure drop, and QF.

Claims (15)

A fine dust filter for windows and doors comprising an insect screen and a network structure of nanofibers attached to the insect screen, wherein the nanofiber contains 5-20% by weight of inorganic salt,
The nanofiber is polyacrylonitrile,
The inorganic salt is potassium iodide,
Fine dust filter for the windows and doors are of fine dust (PM10) the QF of reference fine dust (PM10) in light transmittance of 90% or 0.04-0.07Pa ^-1 based on the light transmittance of 52% QF 0.12-0.20Pa ^-1 Fine dust filter for windows and doors. The method of claim 1,
The screen is a fine dust filter for windows and doors that have a wire diameter of 110-140 μm and a grid size of 310-340 μm×310-340 μm. delete delete The method of claim 1,
The diameter of the nanofiber is 100-400nm fine dust filter for windows and doors. delete delete delete delete The method of claim 1,
The mesh structure of the nanofiber has a basis weight of 0.01-0.2g/m ² A fine dust filter for windows and doors. The method of claim 1,
The fine dust filter for windows and doors will have a light transmittance of 50-95%. The method of claim 1,
The fine dust filter for windows and doors has a fine dust (PM10) removal efficiency of 73-81% at a light transmittance of 52% or a fine dust (PM10) removal efficiency of 65-77% at a light transmittance of 90% dust filter. 13. The method of claim 12,
The fine dust filter for windows and doors will have a pressure drop of 26-30Pa at a light transmittance of 52% or a pressure drop of 7.5-8.5Pa at a light transmittance of 90%. delete (a) preparing a spinning solution containing 0.1-0.2M inorganic salt; and (b) electrospinning the spinning solution to the insect screen to attach the nanofiber network structure to the insect screen.
The nanofiber is polyacrylonitrile,
The inorganic salt is potassium iodide,
Fine dust filter for the windows and doors are of fine dust (PM10) the QF of reference fine dust (PM10) in light transmittance of 90% or 0.04-0.07Pa ^-1 based on the light transmittance of 52% QF 0.12-0.20Pa ^-1 A method for manufacturing a fine dust filter for windows and doors.

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