KR102266218B1 - Smart charge and discharge switch matrix system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a smart charge/discharge switch matrix system capable of producing various outputs in a single system. The present invention relates to a smart charge/discharge switch matrix system, connected to a load (10), comprising: a battery unit (100) including at least two batteries connected in series to each other; a switch unit (200) having a plurality of switches, each of which is connected one by one to an anode and a cathode of the battery, included in the battery unit (100), while the switches are connected in parallel to each other; and a control unit (300) controlling the number of the batteries connected to the load by transmitting a control signal for each of the switches included in the switch unit (200).

Description

Smart charge and discharge switch matrix system

The present invention relates to a smart charge/discharge switch matrix system, and to a smart charge/discharge switch matrix system capable of discharging to various output levels or charging only a specific battery.

Patent Document 001 discloses a first battery unit capable of being charged from a power system and provided to be respectively discharged to a power system and a load connected to the power system, and having a first charge/discharge rate (C-rate); The second battery unit is connected in parallel to the power system, can be charged from the power system, and is provided to be discharged to the power system and the load connected to the power system, respectively, and is lower than the first charge/discharge rate (C-rate) a second battery unit having a charge/discharge rate; and a control unit provided to respectively control the charging and discharging of the first battery unit and the second battery unit according to the degree of frequency fluctuation in order to detect the frequency fluctuation of the power system and suppress the frequency fluctuation. technology is presented.

Patent Document 002 discloses a first power generation device for generating electric power; an energy storage device for storing power generated through the first power generation device and outputting the stored power to a system; and a control unit that compares the first power value generated by the first power generation device with a target power value of the system, and controls an operation of the energy storage device according to the comparison result, wherein the energy storage device includes: and a plurality of energy storage units having different operating characteristics, wherein the control unit determines an operating condition of the energy storage unit based on operating characteristics each of the energy storage units has, and based on the determined operating condition A technology related to a battery energy storage system for controlling the operation of the energy storage unit is presented.

Patent Document 003 discloses a hybrid energy storage system for managing power of a grid and a DC (Direct Current) distribution network connected to the grid, comprising: a first DC-DC converter connected to the DC distribution network; a supercapacitor connected to the first DC-DC converter and controlled to be charged and discharged by the first DC-DC converter; a second DC-DC converter connected to the DC power distribution network; and a battery connected to the second DC-DC converter and controlled for charging and discharging by the second DC-DC converter, wherein the first DC-DC converter includes a noise of a grid voltage applied to the DC power distribution network. A technology related to a hybrid energy storage system including a DC distribution network stabilization controller for stabilizing the DC distribution network by generating a damping current after filtering is provided.

Patent Document 004 discloses a power supply device for supplying electric power to a load by collecting green energy, a collecting unit generating electric energy by collecting green energy, and applying the electric energy supplied from the collecting unit to a predetermined electric energy level. a main power unit including a conversion unit for converting into , and a battery unit for supplying power to the load by storing the electric energy converted by the conversion unit; Presents a technology related to a power supply device, characterized in that it includes an auxiliary power supply for supplying power to the load by assisting the main power supply.

KR 10-2020-0125094 A (November 04, 2020) KR 10-2017-0129456 A (November 27, 2017) KR 10-2018-0127089 A (November 28, 2018) KR 10-2011-0040195 A (April 20, 2011)

The present invention relates to a smart charge/discharge switch matrix system that can output various outputs in a single system.

The invention relates to a smart charge/discharge switch matrix system for solving the problems of the prior inventions, and the present invention includes at least two or more batteries connected in series to each other in the smart charge/discharge switch matrix system connected to a load (10) to the battery unit 100; a switch unit 200 having a plurality of switches connected in parallel to each other, one each connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery included in the battery unit 100; and a control unit 300 for controlling the number of batteries connected to the load by transmitting a control signal for each switch included in the switch unit 200 .

The present invention relates to a smart charge/discharge switch matrix system, and among the switches included in the switch unit 200 , the positive electrode of the first battery B1 arranged on the outermost side of the battery unit 100 and The switches connected to the negative pole are connected to one end of the load 10, and the switches connected to the positive and negative poles of the second battery B2 arranged on the other outermost side of the battery unit 100 are connected to the other end of the load, and the Among the batteries included in the battery unit 100 , a switch connected to a positive electrode of each of the remaining batteries except for the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 is connected to one end of the load 10 and a negative electrode The switch is connected to the other end of the load 10 to charge or discharge the battery unit 100 with different output voltages according to the control of the control unit 300 .

The present invention relates to a smart charge/discharge switch matrix system, and the output voltages of the batteries included in the battery unit 100 are the same.

The present invention relates to a smart charge/discharge switch matrix system, wherein the control unit 300 receives output voltage information required for the load from the outside, and controls ON or OFF of each of the switches according to the received output voltage information Thus, the output voltage of the battery unit 100 matches the output voltage information.

The present invention relates to a smart charge/discharge switch matrix system, and a sensing means 400 for sensing a SoC (Stack of Charge) of each of the batteries included in the battery unit 100; includes, and the control unit 300 ) controls ON or OFF of each of the switches according to the SoC information of each of the batteries sensed by the sensing means 400 to charge all or some of the batteries, or to output all or some of the batteries as a predetermined output. discharge with voltage.

The present invention relates to a smart charge/discharge switch matrix system, wherein the load 10 is a discharge load, and the control unit 300 connects a predetermined battery to the load 10 to maintain the predetermined output voltage. However, the switches are controlled so that the SoC is higher than the reference value or the battery having the highest SoC is connected to the load 10 .

The present invention relates to a smart charging/discharging switch matrix system, wherein the load 10 is a charging load, and the control unit 300 has an SoC lower than a reference value, or a battery with the lowest SoC is connected to the load 10 Control the switch as much as possible.

According to the present invention, since the control unit controls the number of batteries connected to the load through the control of switches included in the switch unit, there is an advantage in that a single system (or device) can generate various output voltages.

According to the present invention, since the output voltages of the batteries connected in series to the battery unit are the same, even if any one battery malfunctions or fails, the other battery can replace the malfunctioning or malfunctioning battery.

In the present invention, since the control unit 300 selects a battery connected to the load 10 differently according to the state of each battery sensed by the sensing means 400, balancing of the batteries is easy.

1 is a conceptual diagram of a smart charge/discharge switch matrix system.
2 is a partial circuit diagram of a smart charge/discharge switch matrix system.
3 is a partial circuit diagram when the first to fourth batteries of the smart charge/discharge switch matrix system are charged and discharged.
4 is a partial circuit diagram when the first battery, the third battery and the fourth battery of the smart charge/discharge switch matrix system are charged and discharged.
5 is a partial circuit diagram when the first battery and the third battery of the smart charge/discharge switch matrix system are charged and discharged.
6 is a partial circuit diagram when the first battery of the smart charge/discharge switch matrix system is charged and discharged.
7 is a conceptual diagram of a smart charge/discharge switch matrix system according to another embodiment.
8 is a partial circuit diagram of a smart charge/discharge switch matrix system according to another embodiment.

Hereinafter, the most preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail in order to explain in detail enough that a person skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can easily carry out the present invention.

The numbers cited in the examples below are not limited only to the objects of reference, and may be applied to all examples. Objects exhibiting the same purpose and effect as the configuration presented in the examples correspond to equivalent replacement objects. The higher-level concept presented in the examples includes sub-concept objects that are not described.

(Embodiment 1-1) A smart charge/discharge switch matrix system according to the present invention, a smart charge/discharge switch matrix system connected to a load, includes: a battery unit 100 including at least two or more batteries connected in series with each other; a switch unit 200 including a plurality of switches connected in parallel to each other, each connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery included in the battery unit; and a control unit 300 for controlling the switch by transmitting a control signal for each switch. includes

In a conventional charging/discharging system including a battery pack, in order to have different output voltages, separate battery packs including different numbers of batteries or batteries of different specifications are required. For example, for a battery pack having output voltages of 12V, 24V, 36V, and 48V, a separate battery pack for each output voltage was required, and a circuit and mechanism design for each output voltage had to be made.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention configures the same protection circuit for each battery in a single system, and achieves smart charging and discharging using a switch matrix circuit, so the effect of volume reduction, usability, and freedom of use This has an improved effect. The above-mentioned usability and freedom of use are achieved when the user needs electricity, such as electric vehicles, emergency power, camping, and leisure power. In particular, as examples of electric vehicles, electric wheelchairs, kickboards, electric bicycles, scooters, and automobiles require different voltages according to the characteristics of each product. Conventionally, a charging/discharging system including a battery having a separate output for each device is required. As an additional problem, the concept of post-corona is rushing due to the recent corona virus, and as a result, the demand for personal mobility increases, so various vehicles such as privately owned electric kickboards, electric bicycles, and scooters are being used. If an individual battery is used for each vehicle using the prior art, the cost aspect and convenience are lowered, but in the present invention, by having the configuration as described above, the user's It is possible to set the voltage according to the requirements or the characteristics of the applied product, so it is economical and usability can be increased.

(Embodiment 1-2) In the smart charge/discharge switch matrix system of the present invention, among the switches included in the switch unit 200 in Embodiment 1-1, the positive electrode of the first battery arranged on the outermost side of the battery unit and switches connected to the negative pole are connected to one end of the load 10, and switches connected to the positive and negative poles of the second battery arranged on the other outermost side of the battery unit are connected to the other end of the load, and the battery included in the battery unit Among them, a switch connected to the positive electrode of each of the remaining batteries except for the first battery and the second battery is connected to one end of the load 10 , and a switch connected to the negative electrode is connected to the other end of the load 10 , the control unit The battery unit is charged or discharged with different output voltages according to the control of the

For the configuration as described above, the first battery B1 , the second battery B2 , the third battery B3 , and the fourth battery B4 included in the battery unit 100 are connected in series with each other. The first battery B1 and the second battery B2 are disposed at the outermost among the four batteries connected in series.

The first switch (S1), the second switch (S2), the third switch (S3), the fourth switch (S4), the fifth switch (S5), the sixth switch (S6) included in the switch unit 200, It may be a seventh switch (S7) and an eighth switch (S8). The first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the first battery 110 , are connected in parallel to each other, and are connected to one end of the load 10 .

The third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are respectively connected to the anode and the cathode of the third battery B3, are connected in parallel to each other, and the third switch S3 is at one end of the load 10, The fourth switch S4 is connected to the other end of the load 10 .

The fifth switch (S5) and the sixth switch (S6) are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the fourth battery (B4), are connected in parallel with each other, and the fifth switch (S5) is at one end of the load (10), The sixth switch S6 is connected to the other end of the load 10 .

The seventh switch S7 and the eighth switch S8 are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the second battery B2, are connected in parallel with each other, and both the seventh switch S7 and the eighth switch S8 are loaded It is connected to the other end of (10).

The first battery B1 to the fourth battery B4 included in the battery unit 100 each include a predetermined output voltage, and the control unit 300 includes a first switch S1 included in the switch unit 200 . A predetermined control signal is applied to the to eighth switch S8 to determine the number and types of batteries connected to the load 10 to implement different output voltages.

(Embodiment 1-3) In Embodiment 1-2 of the smart charge/discharge switch matrix system according to the present invention, the output voltages of the batteries included in the battery unit 100 are identical to each other.

The output voltages of each of the first to fourth batteries B1 to B4 included in the battery unit 100 are equal to each other. For example, the output voltage of a single battery included in the battery unit 100 may be 12V, and if all of the first to fourth batteries B1 to B4 are connected to the load 10 , the single battery 48V, which is four times the output voltage of , can be output as an output voltage, and various output voltages of 12V, 24V, and 36V can be produced depending on the number of connected batteries.

Since batteries included in the battery unit 100 have the same output voltage, even if a specific battery malfunctions or does not operate, another battery may be connected to the load 10 instead of a malfunctioning or non-operating battery. However, in the present invention, the output voltages of the batteries included in the battery unit 100 are not limited to the same, and there may be examples in which the output voltages of the batteries included in the battery unit 100 are different from each other.

(Embodiment 2-1) In the smart charge/discharge switch matrix system of the present invention, in Embodiment 1-1, the control unit 300 receives the output voltage information required for the load 10 from the outside, and Accordingly, the ON or OFF of each switch included in the switch unit 200 is controlled to match the output voltage of the battery unit 100 with the output voltage information.

The control unit 300 may receive output voltage information required for the load 10 from the outside. In this case, the external may be a user or a load 10 . When the control unit 300 receives the output voltage information required for the load 10 from the user, the user directly transmits the output voltage information to the control unit 300 by manipulating a predetermined input device included in the present invention, or When connected to the load 10 connected to the invention, the output voltage information required by the load 10 may be transmitted to the control unit 300 . For example, the user is riding in the electric vehicle 20 , and the present invention is applied to the electric vehicle.

The user may try to improve the speed of the electric vehicle 20 according to circumstances, and when the speed of the electric vehicle 20 is improved, the output voltage of the battery unit 100 should be improved. The user transmits output voltage information required to the control unit 300 using an input device applied to the electric vehicle 20 , and the control unit 300 uses the first switch S1 included in the switch unit 200 according to the output voltage information. To increase the number of batteries connected to the load 10 by applying a control signal to the eighth switch (S8) to increase the output voltage.

The user may try to reduce the speed of the electric vehicle 20 according to circumstances, and when the speed of the electric vehicle 20 is reduced, the output voltage of the battery unit 100 must be reduced. The user transmits the output voltage information required to the control unit 300 using an input device applied to the electric vehicle 20 , and the control unit 300 uses the first switch S1 included in the switch unit 200 according to the output voltage information. A control signal is applied to the to eighth switch S8 to decrease the number of batteries connected to the load 10 to reduce the output voltage.

The control method for each switch according to the output voltage of the battery unit 100 in the control unit 300 is performed according to the table below.

output voltage SWTICH NUMBER CONTENT ON OFF 12V 6,8 1,2,3,4,5,7 Discharge 24V 4,8 1,2,3,5,6,7 Discharge 36V 2,8 1,3,4,5,6,7 Discharge 48V 1,8 2,3,4,5,6,7 Discharge

In the above table, when the output voltage is 12V, 24V, or 36V, the switch turned on may be changed. For example, the first switch S1 and the third switch S3 are turned on, the other switches are turned off, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are turned on, and the other switches are turned off, Even if the fifth switch S5 and the sixth switch S6 are turned on and the other switches are turned off, an output voltage of 12V may be generated. This is the same even when the output voltage is different, and the control unit 300 controls the switches so that two batteries of the first battery B1 to the fourth battery B4 are connected to the load 10 when the output voltage is 24V, The switches are controlled so that three batteries among the first battery B1 to the fourth battery B4 are connected to the load 10 when the voltage is 36V.

(Embodiment 2-2) sensing means 400 for sensing the SoC (Stack of Charge) of each of the batteries included in the battery unit 100; and the control unit 300 includes the sensing means 400 ) by controlling ON or OFF of each of the switches according to the SOC information of each of the batteries sensed in ) to charge all or some of the batteries, or discharge all or some of the batteries to a predetermined output voltage.

The present invention relates to a smart charge/discharge switch matrix system, and a sensing means 400 for sensing the SoC (Stack of Charge, remaining charge) of each of the batteries is added.

SoC level information of each battery sensed by the sensing means 400 may be transmitted to the control unit 300 , and the control unit 300 is included in the switch unit 200 based on the information transmitted from the sensing unit 400 . By controlling the first switch S1 to the eighth switch S8 , at least one battery selected from among the first batteries B1 to the fourth batteries B4 may be connected to the load 10 .

The control unit 300 controlling the switches included in the switch unit 200 based on the sensing means 400 may differ depending on whether the type of the load 10 is a charging load or a discharging load.

The sensing means 400 senses the temperature for each battery in addition to the SoC level of the battery, and the control unit 300 controls the switches included in the switch unit 200 based on the temperature for each battery sensed by the sensing means 400. can

(Embodiment 2-3) In the smart charge/discharge switch matrix system of the present invention, in Embodiment 2-2, the load 10 is a discharge load, and the control unit 300 has a predetermined output voltage to maintain the predetermined output voltage. A battery is connected to the load, and the switch is controlled so that the SOC is higher than the reference value or the battery having the highest SOC is connected to the load.

When the load 10 is a discharge load, the control unit 300 controls the first battery B1 to the first battery B1 to the fourth battery B4 based on the SoC levels sensed by the sensing means 400 . Only a battery having an SoC level equal to or greater than a reference value among the fourth battery B4 may be connected to the load 10 . The control method as described above is possible only when a predetermined output voltage can be maintained. For example, when the reference value for connecting the battery to the load 10 is 60%, the first battery B1 has an SoC level of 40%, which is less than the reference value, and the second battery B2 to the fourth battery B1 has an SoC level of 40%. The SoC level of (B4) is 80%, which may be higher than the reference value. When the output voltage required by the load 10 is 36V, the control unit 300 switches the second battery B2 to the fourth battery B4 except for the first battery B1 to be connected to the load 10 . The switches included in the unit 200 are controlled. However, when the output voltage required by the load 10 is 48V, the control unit 300 is included in the switch unit 200 so that all of the first battery B1 to the fourth battery B4 are connected to the load 10 . control the switches.

(Embodiment 2-4) In the smart charge/discharge switch matrix system of the present invention, in Embodiment 2-2, the load 10 is a charging load, and the control unit 300 has an SoC lower than the reference value or the lowest SoC value. The switches included in the switch unit 200 are controlled so that the battery is connected to the load.

When the load 10 is a charging load, the control unit 300 based on the SoC level of the first battery B1 to the fourth battery B4 sensed by the sensing means 400, the first battery B1 to Among the fourth batteries B4 , a battery having an SoC level equal to or less than a reference value may be preferentially connected to the load 10 . This is to evenly balance the SoC levels of the first to fourth batteries B1 to B4.

When the SoC level of all of the first battery B1 to the fourth battery B4 is equal to or greater than the reference value, the control unit 300 loads the battery having the lowest SoC level among the first battery B1 to the fourth battery B4 ( 10) to charge the corresponding battery.

The control method for each switch according to the battery to be charged is performed according to the table below.

battery SWTICH NUMBER CONTENT ON OFF B1 1,3 2,4,5,6,7,8 charge B2 7,8 1,2,3,4,5,6 charge B3 3,4 1,2,5,6,7,8 charge B4 5,6 1,2,3,4,7,8 charge B1, B3 1,5 2,3,4,6,7,8 charge B3, B4 2,7 1,3,4,5,6,8 charge B4, B2 4,8 1,2,3,5,6,7 charge B1, B3, B4 1,7 2,3,4,5,6,8 charge B3, B4, B2 2,8 1,3,4,5,6,7 charge B1,B3,B4,B2 1,8 2,3,4,5,6,7 charge

(Embodiment 3-1) The smart charge/discharge switch matrix system of the present invention includes; in Embodiment 1-1, the control unit 300 applies a control signal to the switch unit 200 using a voltage regulator; .

A voltage regulator is a DC-DC converter that outputs a constant voltage by input voltage. For example, a cell phone's battery voltage may be 12V, but the voltage required for an internally driven device may be 5V. Therefore, it is necessary to convert 12V to 5V inside the mobile phone, and the voltage regulator performs the task of converting 12V to 5V. The voltage regulator used in the present invention may be, for example, SPAN02-12A, and was manufactured by MEAN WELL (Co.). The voltage regulator performs the function of turning the switch ON or OFF through the internal R.C (Remote Control) pin, and the ground of the input and output is separated from each other. In the present invention, the control unit 300 applies a control signal to the switch unit 200 using a voltage regulator.

The method using the voltage regulator has the advantage of not having to make other circuits because all the elements constituting the voltage regulator are configured in one device, but it has the advantage of not having to make other circuits. However, there is a disadvantage in that economic efficiency is lowered because a transformer is formed. Because it is simple in circuit and has relatively high efficiency, it is widely applied in the power electronics field.

(Embodiment 3-2) In the smart charge/discharge switch matrix system of the present invention in Embodiment 1-2, the control unit 300 applies a control signal to the switch unit 200 using a flyback converter.

A flyback converter is also a kind of voltage regulator, and is a DC-DC converter. The difference from the voltage regulator method described above is that a circuit for driving a switch mode power supply (SMPS) does not exist inside a device, but an external circuit is configured to output an output. In this method, in order to configure the circuit for driving the SMPS, the overall circuit becomes complicated, but has advantages of high economic efficiency and small volume.

(Embodiment 4-1) The smart charge/discharge switch matrix system of the present invention, in Embodiment 1-3, the switch unit 200 includes a ninth switch (S9) connected between both ends of the third battery (B3) and and a tenth switch S10 connected between both ends of the fourth battery B4.

The first batteries B1 to the fourth batteries B4 included in the battery unit 100 described above are connected in series with each other, so that the outermost first and second batteries B1 and B2 are connected to each other. When the remaining batteries malfunction or fail, in a state in which the malfunctioning battery is connected, the corresponding battery cannot be excluded, so that the entire battery unit 100 has to be stopped. To solve this, the switch unit 200 of the present invention includes a ninth switch S9 connected between both ends of the third battery B3 and a tenth switch S10 connected between both ends of the fourth battery B4. ) is included. The ninth switch S9 and the tenth switch S10 are turned off in a normal state, and when the third battery B3 malfunctions or breaks down, the ninth switch S9 turns on, and the fourth battery B4 is turned on. is malfunctioning or malfunctions, the tenth switch S10 is turned on, and in the battery unit 100 , in a state in which the third battery B3 or the fourth battery B4 is not connected to the load 10 , the remaining first battery (B1) and the second battery (B2) can be used.

10: load 20: electric vehicle
100: battery unit B1: first battery
B2: second battery B3: third battery
B4: fourth battery B5: fifth battery
B6: sixth battery B7: seventh battery
B8: eighth battery 200: switch unit
S1: first switch S2: second switch
S3: third switch S4: fourth switch
S5: fifth switch S6: sixth switch
S7: 7th switch S8: 8th switch
300: control unit 400: sensing means

Claims (7)

In the smart charge/discharge switch matrix system connected to the load (10),
a battery unit 100 including at least two or more batteries connected in series with each other;
A plurality of switches connected in parallel to each other, one each connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery included in the battery unit 100, and a plurality of batteries connected in series included in the battery unit 100, a switch unit 200 including a switch connected in parallel with the corresponding battery between both ends of the remaining batteries except for the outermost battery;
a control unit 300 for controlling the number of batteries connected to the load by transmitting a control signal for each switch included in the switch unit 200; and
Sensing means 400 for sensing the SOC (Stack of Charge) of each of the batteries included in the battery unit 100; includes;
The control unit 300 controls ON or OFF of each of the switches according to the SOC information of each of the batteries sensed by the sensing means 400 to discharge all or part of the batteries to a predetermined output voltage,
The load 10 is a discharge load, and the controller 300 connects a predetermined battery to the load 10 so as to maintain the predetermined output voltage, but the SoC is higher than the reference value or the SoC is the highest. controls the switches to be connected to the load 10,
The output voltages of the batteries included in the battery unit 100 are the same as each other in a smart charge/discharge switch matrix system.

According to claim 1,
Among the switches included in the switch unit 200, the switches connected to the positive and negative poles of the first battery B1 arranged on the outermost side of the battery unit 100 are at one end of the load 10, The switches connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the second battery B2 arranged on the other side of the outermost side of the battery unit 100 are connected to the other end of the load,
Among the batteries included in the battery unit 100 , a switch connected to the positive electrode of each of the remaining batteries except for the first battery B1 and the second battery B2 is connected to one end of the load 10 and the negative electrode. The connected switch is connected to the other end of the load 10, and according to the control of the controller 300, a smart charge/discharge switch matrix system for discharging the battery unit 100 with different output voltages.
delete According to claim 1,
The control unit 300 receives the output voltage information required for the load from the outside, controls ON or OFF of each of the switches according to the received output voltage information, and outputs the output voltage of the battery unit 100 as the output voltage. Smart charge/discharge switch matrix system to match voltage information.
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