KR102253060B1 - Functional Cover for Solar Cell - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a functional cover useful for optical components such as photovoltaic devices such as solar cells or smart windows, and in detail, the functional cover according to the present invention includes a transparent substrate; And a surface layer comprising a particulate plasmon active ingredient positioned on at least one surface of the transparent substrate and having a Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) wavelength belonging to the visible light band.

Description

Functional Cover for Solar Cell}

The present invention relates to a functional cover, and more particularly, to a functional cover used for finishing a photovoltaic device such as a solar cell.

In order to solve the global environmental problems caused by the depletion of fossil energy and its use, research on clean alternative energy sources is being actively conducted. Among them, interest in solar cells that produce electric energy directly from sunlight is increasing, and in recent years, attempts to save energy through building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) modules have been made.

The BIPV module, which acquires energy by attaching solar cells to the exterior walls or windows of a building, produces energy as well as plays a role as interior/exterior materials for buildings. To this end, not only high photovoltaic efficiency, but also functional properties that are advantageous for interior/exterior materials such as heat insulation, durability, self-cleaning ability against contamination, reduction of the amount of light absorbed by solar cells, and reflection reduction ability to prevent glare are also required. Furthermore, in order to satisfy various aesthetics, free color change should also be possible.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2014-0041591

An object of the present invention is to provide a functional cover useful for finishing solar cells (including solar cell modules).

One specific object of the present invention is to provide a functional cover capable of imparting a variety of colors to an adherend including a solar cell (including a solar cell module).

Another specific object of the present invention is to provide a functional cover capable of imparting heat insulation and self-cleaning power to an adherent object including a solar cell (including a solar cell module).

Another specific object of the present invention is to provide a functional cover having an improved lifespan by having self-healing ability.

Another specific object of the present invention is to provide a functional cover capable of preventing a decrease in the amount of light transmitted to an adherend including a solar cell (including a solar cell module).

Functional cover according to the present invention is a transparent substrate; And a surface layer comprising a particulate plasmon active ingredient positioned on at least one surface of the transparent substrate and having a Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) wavelength belonging to the visible light band.

In the functional cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, the surface layer belongs to a visible light band, but may include two or more plasmon active ingredients having different local surface plasmon resonance wavelengths.

In the functional cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, the plasmon active ingredient is plasmon active metal nanoparticles; Or a core-shell particle comprising a plasmonic active metal core and a shell of oxygen fluoride of at least one element selected from the group of alkaline earth metals, transition metals, post-transition metals, and non-metals.

In the functional cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, the plasmon active ingredient may include silver, gold, platinum, palladium, nickel, aluminum, copper, chromium, or a combination thereof or a plasmon active metal that is an alloy thereof.

In the functional cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, the surface layer may further include a hydrophobic component.

In the functional cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, the water contact angle of the hydrophobic component may be 90° or more.

In the functional cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, the hydrophobic component may have a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 30 to 100°C.

In the functional cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, the plasmon active ingredient may be dispersed in a matrix of a hydrophobic ingredient.

In the functional cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, the surface layer may further include air trapped in the space between the particulate plasmon active ingredients.

In the functional cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, the surface layer may have surface irregularities due to the plasmon active ingredient.

The functional cover according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a second surface layer of a hydrophobic component located on a surface opposite to one side of the transparent substrate on which the surface layer is located.

In the functional cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, the refractive index of the surface layer is controlled by one or more factors selected from the volume fraction of the plasmon active ingredient contained in the surface layer and the refractive index of the material located in the space between the plasmon active ingredients. Can be.

In the functional cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, the substrate may be a transparent rigid substrate or a transparent flexible substrate.

In the functional cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, the hydrophobic component may include a wax-based material, a hydrophobic polymer, or a mixture thereof.

In the functional cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, the hydrophobic polymer is an olefin resin, a vinyl resin, a polyester resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyamide resin, a siloxane resin, a cellulose resin, a polyimide resin. , Polysulfone-based resin, polyether sulfone-based resin, polyacetal-based resin, and poly(meth)acrylic resin may be one or more copolymers selected from the group consisting of.

In the functional cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, the wax-based material may include petroleum-based wax, animal natural wax, vegetable natural wax, synthetic wax, or a mixture thereof.

In the functional cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, the wax-based material is paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, beeswax wax, soy wax, palm wax, molda wax, candelilla wax, carnauba wax, polyethylene wax, poly Propylene wax, Fischer-Tropsch (FT) wax, or mixtures thereof.

The functional cover according to an embodiment of the present invention may be a finishing material for solar cells or smart windows.

The present invention includes a solar cell structure including the above-described functional cover.

The solar cell structure according to the present invention includes a solar cell; And the above-described functional cover attached to at least one surface of the solar cell.

The present invention includes a smart window structure including the above-described functional cover.

The smart window structure according to the present invention includes a smart window; And the above-described functional cover attached to at least one surface of the smart window.

The method for manufacturing a functional cover according to the present invention includes a step of applying a plasmon active ingredient or a liquid of a plasmon active ingredient and a hydrophobic ingredient to at least one surface of a transparent substrate.

The functional cover according to the present invention has the advantage of being able to impart functions such as self-cleaning ability, color, reflection reduction ability, etc., by simply attaching it to a target to be worn or used by itself. In addition, the functional cover according to the present invention can be attached to a target to be worn to improve thermal insulation properties, and has excellent aesthetics by implementing a very colorful color, and furthermore, it can have self-healing ability to self-heal damage, thereby providing durability. It has excellent self-cleaning ability and is particularly useful for BIPVs that require functions as interior/exterior materials.

1 is an example showing a cross-section of a functional film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is another example showing a cross-section of a functional film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view showing only the surface layer in detail in the functional film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is another example showing a cross-section of a functional film according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, a functional cover according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings introduced below are provided as examples in order to sufficiently convey the spirit of the present invention to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the present invention is not limited to the drawings presented below and may be embodied in other forms, and the drawings presented below may be exaggerated to clarify the spirit of the present invention. At this time, unless there are other definitions in the technical terms and scientific terms used, they have the meanings commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, and the gist of the present invention in the following description and accompanying drawings Descriptions of known functions and configurations that may be unnecessarily obscure will be omitted.

The present invention relates to a functional cover that is attached to a target to be attached to the skin and can impart a useful function to the target to be attached to the skin. Examples of advantageous targets to which the functional cover of the present invention can be applied include, but are not limited to, solar cells (including solar cell modules) and smart windows.

Functional cover according to the present invention is a transparent substrate; And a surface layer comprising a particulate plasmon active ingredient positioned on at least one surface of the transparent substrate and having a Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) wavelength belonging to the visible light band.

The plasmon active ingredient may have a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) wavelength belonging to the visible light band. As is known, local surface plasmon resonance is the collective movement of free electrons (free electrons of photoactive materials), which is a mass movement of free electrons (free electrons in photoactive materials), due to the resonance of a specific energy due to the interaction between light and a photoactive material having a size smaller than the wavelength of light. It means a phenomenon that is concentrated and formed on the surface of.

As described above, as the functional cover according to the present invention includes a plasmon active component having an LSPR wavelength belonging to the visible light band, the energy corresponding to the LSPR wavelength among the incident light spectrum is absorbed by the plasmon active component and the reflection spectrum This can be changed, whereby the color can be implemented. In addition, by tuning the LSPR wavelength of the plasmon active ingredient contained in the surface layer, it is possible to change the color implemented in the functional cover.

The plasmon active component may include a metal (plasmon active metal) from which surface plasmon is generated. The metal (plasmon active metal) contained in the plasmon active ingredient is sufficient as long as it is a material known to generate surface plasmon, for example, silver, gold, platinum, palladium, nickel, aluminum, copper, chromium, or a combination thereof or a combination thereof. Alloys, etc., but are not limited thereto.

The plasmon-activated metal may have a dimension of a ^{few nanometers order (10 0} nm order) to several hundreds of nanometers order (10 ² nm order), which is advantageous for the generation of surface plasmon. For example, the plasmon active metal may have a diameter of 5 to 500 nm, specifically 10 to 200 nm, but is not limited thereto.

The LSPR wavelength of the plasmon active component is the size and shape of the plasmon active metal (sphere, rod, wire, pyramid, star, etc.), the concrete material of the plasmon active metal, the medium in contact with the plasmon active metal, or the geometry of the assembly structure of plasmon metal particles. It can be controlled by (inter-particle spacing, etc.) and the number of particles constituting the structure, mainly from red to blue by changing the size of the plasmon active metal, the material of the plasmon active metal, or the size and material of the plasmon active metal. The LSPR wavelength can be tuned over the entire visible light band (400nm~700nm).

In one embodiment, the surface layer belongs to the visible light band, but may include two or more plasmon active ingredients having LSPR wavelengths different from each other. For example, the surface layer may include a first plasmon active component having a first LSPR wavelength belonging to the visible band and a second plasmon active component having a second LSPR wavelength belonging to the visible band. For example, the surface layer is a first plasmon active component having a first LSPR wavelength belonging to the visible band, a second plasmon active component having a second LSPR wavelength belonging to the visible band, and a third plasmon active component having a third LSPR wavelength belonging to the visible band. It may include. The number of plasmon active ingredients having different LSPRs contained in the surface layer may be 2 to 5, but is not limited thereto.

As described above, since the surface layer contains two or more plasmon active ingredients having different LSPR wavelengths from each other, more colorful colors may be realized by mixing of light, and the aesthetics of the functional cover may be further improved.

The particulate plasmon active component may be a nanoparticle of the plasmon active metal described above, or a core-shell particle having a plasmon active metal as a core. When the plasmon active component is a core-shell particle, a core-shell particle comprising a core of plasmonic active metal and a shell of oxygen fluoride of at least one element selected from the group of alkaline earth metals, transition metals, post-transition metals and non-metals; I can. At this time, as one or more elements selected from the group of alkaline earth metals, transition metals, post-transition metals and non-metals, Si, Ti, Zr, Zn, Al, etc. may be exemplified, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the thickness of the shell may be in the ^{order of several nanometers (10 0} nm order) to several tens of nanometers (10 ¹ nm order), but is not limited thereto.

When the plasmon active ingredient has a core-shell structure including a core of a plasmon active metal and a shell of oxygen fluoride, it is advantageous because the surface energy is lowered by the shell including F and thus can have self-cleaning ability. In addition, when the plasmon active ingredient has a core-shell structure including a core of a plasmon active metal and a shell of oxygen fluoride, the refractive index of the shell can be tuned over a wide range while securing transparency of the shell, which is advantageous for controlling the refractive index of the surface layer. Do.

In addition, when the plasmon active component has a core-shell structure including a core of a plasmon active metal and a shell of oxygen fluoride, the self-cleaning ability of the functional cover can be further improved together with a hydrophobic component to be described later, and further, the hydrophobic component is Even if it is partially damaged or removed, it is advantageous because it can stably maintain self-cleaning ability.

1 is an example showing a cross-section of a functional film according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the following drawings, the surface (Ad) of the transparent substrate 110 on the side to which the object to be adhered is attached is the left side, and the surface (Surf) on the side that forms the surface when the functional film is attached to the object to be adhered is The functional film is shown as the right side.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, the functional film 100 may include a surface layer 120 and a transparent substrate 110 containing a plasmon active ingredient (not shown). In this case, the surface layer 120 does not show a particulate plasmon active ingredient, but the surface layer may have a structure of a single particle layer of a plasmon active ingredient or a multilayer particle layer in which particles are stacked.

As illustrated in FIG. 1A, the surface layer 120 may be located on a surface Ad of the transparent substrate 110 on the side to which the target to be adhered is attached. In the case of FIG. 1(a), as the surface layer 120 is located between the transparent substrate 110 and the target (not shown, including the surface binding layer) and is bound to the surface binding layer of the target to be adhered, the external environment It can safely protect the surface layer from damage, irritation, and impact. In addition, by air trapped in the spaces (inter-particle spaces) between particulate plasmon active ingredients contained in the surface layer 120, it is possible to improve heat insulation.

As illustrated in FIG. 1C, the surface layer 120 may be positioned on the surface of the transparent substrate 110 on the side of the surface forming the surface. In this case, as irradiation light including sunlight (light irradiated to the target object) is directly incident on the surface layer, it is possible to implement a more vivid and bright color.

As in the example shown in FIG. 1(b), the surface layers 120_1 and 120_2 are, respectively, a surface (Ad) on the side to which the object to be adhered and attached to the transparent substrate 110, and a surface (Surf) on the side forming the surface. Can be located in At this time, the plasmon active ingredients contained in the first and second surface layers 120_1 and 120_2 all belong to the visible light band, but may have the same or different LSPR wavelengths. When the LSPR wavelengths between the plasmon active component contained in the first surface layer and the plasmon active component contained in the second surface layer are different from each other, it is possible to implement more colorful colors by mixing colors of light. In terms of implementing vivid colors, the weight of the loaded plasmon active ingredient per unit area of the transparent substrate may be 0.001 g/cm ² to 1 g/cm ² , but is not limited thereto.

In one embodiment, the functional cover may further include a hydrophobic component, and the hydrophobic component may be provided independently or together with the above-described plasmon active component.

Hydrophobic components that reduce contact with water on the surface can prevent contamination of the functional cover due to its small surface energy. In addition, the hydrophobic material itself or by acting as a capping agent for trapping air in the space between the particulate plasmon active ingredients can improve the heat insulation. In addition, the hydrophobic component may also play a role of a binder for more firmly binding the particulate plasmon active component to a transparent substrate and a role of protecting the plasmon active component from the external environment.

The hydrophobic component may be a material having a water contact angle of 90° or more, advantageously 120° or more, more advantageously 130° or more, and substantially less than 180° for the cover of the hydrophobic component.

In one embodiment, the hydrophobic component may be a material having a water contact angle of 90° or more to less than 180°, a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 100°C or less, and advantageously a Tg of 80°C or less. In this case, the Tg of the hydrophobic material may be substantially 30° C. or higher, and more substantially 50° C. or higher. When the hydrophobic component has a low Tg of 100℃ or less, the hydrophobic component heated above the Tg by intentional application of energy or the environment of use can heal cracks or scratches generated on the functional cover, which is advantageous. Do. That is, when the hydrophobic component has a Tg of 100° C. or less, advantageously 80° C. or less, it is advantageous because physical damage occurring to the functional cover can have a function of self-healing.

In one embodiment, the hydrophobic component has a water contact angle of 90° or more to less than 180°, and may be an elastic material. When the hydrophobic component is an elastic material, it is advantageous because the flexibility of the functional cover can be ensured, and further, it is advantageous in that it can protect the adherend by absorbing the physical shock applied to the adherend.

For example, the hydrophobic component may be a wax-based material, a hydrophobic polymer, or a mixture thereof, but is not limited thereto.

As a practical example, the hydrophobic polymer is an olefin resin, a vinyl resin, a polyester resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyamide resin, a siloxane resin, a cellulose resin, a polyimide resin, a polysulfone resin, a polyether resin. It may be one or two or more copolymers selected from the group consisting of phon-based resins, polyacetal-based resins, and poly(meth)acrylic resins, and as a more practical example, the hydrophobic polymer is polyethylene, polypropylene, poly4-methyl 1-Tene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polybutadiene, polyvinyl acetate, polychloroprene, polyvinylidene chloride, poly(vinyl butyral), polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polymethyl Methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polyurethane, nylon 6, nylon 66, silicone rubber, ethyl cellulose, polysulfone, polyacetal, polyacrylonitrile, polyimide, polydimethylsiloxane, polyfluorosiloxane, polyvinyl It may be a siloxane, polyphenylmethylsiloxane, and the like, but is not limited thereto.

As a practical example, the wax-based material may be petroleum-based wax, animal natural wax, vegetable natural wax, synthetic wax, or a mixture thereof, and as a more practical example, the wax-based material is paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, beeswax wax. , Soy wax, palm wax, molda wax, candelilla wax, carnauba wax, polyethylene wax, polypropylene wax, FT (Fischer-Tropsch) wax, or a mixture thereof, but is not limited thereto.

As described above, the hydrophobic component may be contained together with the plasmon active ingredient in the surface layer containing the plasmon active ingredient, or may be provided independently of the surface layer containing the plasmon active ingredient.

When the surface layer contains both a plasmon active component and a hydrophobic component, the hydrophobic component covers the particle layer of the plasmon active component in the form of a membrane (see Fig. 2), or the hydrophobic component is transparent between the plasmon active component and the plasmon active component in the form of a binder. The substrates may be bound (not shown), or the plasmon active ingredient may be dispersed in a matrix of a hydrophobic ingredient (see FIG. 3). When the hydrophobic component binds between the plasmon active component and between the plasmon active component and the transparent substrate as a binder, the surface layer may include a particulate plasmon active component; It may include; a binder of a hydrophobic component that binds between the particulate plasmon active components and between the particulate plasmon active component and the transparent substrate, and an air space between the particulate plasmon active components that are not filled by the binder.

FIG. 2 is another example showing a cross section of a functional cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the surface layer 130 includes a hydrophobic component (HP) together with a plasmon active component (SP). It is a drawing. As shown in the example illustrated in FIG. 2, the hydrophobic component (HP) may cover the surface of the particulate plasmon active component (SP) in the form of a film. At this time, a plasmonic active component layer including air trapped in the interparticle space of the particulate plasmon active component together with the plasmon active component (SP) may be located under the hydrophobic component (HP) film (Surf side). have. When the functional cover includes a plasmon active ingredient layer containing plasmon active ingredient (SP) and trapped air and a film of hydrophobic ingredient (HP) covering the plasmon active ingredient layer, the functional cover has self-cleaning power and thermal insulation properties. In addition, it is advantageous because the refractive index of the surface layer can be easily adjusted in a wide range by controlling the volume fraction between the plasmon active component (SP) of the plasmon active component layer and the trapped air.

In addition, although an example in which the surface of the membrane of the hydrophobic component (HP) is flat is shown in the drawing of FIG. 2, unlike FIG. 2, the membrane of the hydrophobic component (HP) may have surface irregularities resulting from the particulate plasmon active component.

As the plasmon active ingredient has a dimension of several nanometers to several hundreds of nanometers, surface irregularities formed on the film of the hydrophobic component (HP) may also have a corresponding size. It is advantageous that the functional cover can have a low reflectance evenly in a wide wavelength band due to the surface irregularities of several to hundreds of nanometers. In addition, it is advantageous because the self-cleaning ability can be greatly improved by the super water repellency effect due to the fine surface irregularities along with the chemical properties (low surface energy) of the hydrophobic component.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing in detail only the surface layer in the functional cover according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a surface layer 130 in which a plasmon active ingredient (SP) is dispersed in a matrix of a hydrophobic ingredient (HP). Yes.

3(a), the surface layer 130 may include a hydrophobic component (HP) film and a particulate plasmon active component (SP) dispersed and impregnated in the hydrophobic component (HP) film. .

3(b) shows a case where a particulate plasmon active component (SP) is dispersed in a matrix of a hydrophobic component (HP), but surface irregularities are formed on the surface layer 130 by a particulate plasmon active component (SP). This is an example.

3(c) and 3(d) show that the surface layer 130 is a film of a hydrophobic component (HP); And a particulate plasmon active component (SP) dispersed in the membrane of the hydrophobic component (HP) and partially incorporated in the membrane of the hydrophobic component (HP). As in the example shown in FIG. 3(c), in the surface layer 130, a film of a hydrophobic component (HP) is placed in contact with one surface of a transparent substrate, but a part of the particulate plasmon active component (SP) is a hydrophobic component (HP). ) May have a structure that is immersed in the membrane and the remaining part protrudes to the surface. In contrast, as in the example shown in FIG. 3(d), the thickness of the film of the hydrophobic component (HP) is smaller than the diameter of the particulate plasmon active component (SP), and a part of the particulate plasmon active component (SP) is hydrophobic. It may have a structure that is incorporated into the film of the component (HP) and the remaining part protrudes above the film of the hydrophobic component (HP). In this case, the coating layer of the hydrophobic component (HP) may be present on the surface of the plasmon active component (SP) protruding above the film of the hydrophobic component (HP) in FIG. 3(d), but is not limited thereto, and the plasmon active component ( SP) The bare surface itself may be exposed as a surface.

4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a functional cover in which a hydrophobic component is independently provided with a surface layer containing a plasmon active component.

In detail, as shown in the example shown in Figure 4, the functional cover is located on one surface of the transparent substrate 110, the first surface layer 120 including the particulate plasmon active ingredient (SP), and the first surface layer ( It may include a second surface layer 140 that is located on the opposite surface of one surface on which 120) is located and contains a hydrophobic component (HP). In this case, the second surface layer 140 may be a film of a hydrophobic component (HP), but is not limited thereto.

The method for manufacturing a functional cover according to the present invention includes a step of applying a plasmon active ingredient or a liquid of a plasmon active ingredient and a hydrophobic ingredient to at least one surface of a transparent substrate.

Plysmon active ingredients coated (applied) on one side or one side of a transparent substrate and liquids of Plysmon active ingredients and hydrophobic ingredients are spin-coating, dip-coating, lifting-up (lifting up), bar coating, slot-die coating, electrophoretic deposition, chemical or electrochemical deposition, electrospray, spray coating ( spry coating), thermal spray coating, etc.

For example, in the functional cover, a solution containing a melt or solution of a hydrophobic component (a solution in which a hydrophobic component is dissolved in a solvent) and a plasmon active component are applied to a transparent substrate and cured (curing from a liquid to a solid phase or volatilization of a solvent). It can be prepared by including solidification by). In contrast, the functional cover forms a hydrophobic film by applying and curing a melt or solution of a hydrophobic component (a liquid in which a hydrophobic component is dissolved in a solvent) on a transparent substrate, and then applying a plasmon active component on the hydrophobic film and heating the hydrophobic film. It can be prepared by submerging some to all of the plasmon active ingredient in a hydrophobic membrane. Alternatively, the functional cover may be prepared by applying a plasmon active ingredient to a transparent substrate and then placing and attaching a film of a hydrophobic ingredient to cover the plasmon active ingredient. At this time, by heating the membrane of the hydrophobic component, air located in the space between the plasmon active component and the plasmon active component can be trapped and fastened to the transparent substrate. The heating of the hydrophobic film or the heating of the hydrophobic component may be performed at a temperature of Tg or higher, and in a specific example, Tg to 1.3 Tg, but is not limited thereto.

In one embodiment, the refractive index of the surface layer positioned on the functional cover is the volume fraction of the plasmon active ingredient contained in the surface layer (volume% of the plasmon active ingredient in the surface layer) and the refractive index of the material positioned in the space between the plasmon active ingredient. It can be controlled by one or more selected factors. In this case, the material positioned in the space between the plasmon active ingredients may be air, a hydrophobic component, or air and a hydrophobic component. Of course, the refractive index of the surface layer may be controlled to lower the reflectance of light other than the LSPR wavelength, and as an example, the surface layer may be controlled to have a refractive index between the refractive index of the transparent substrate and the refractive index of air.

In one embodiment, the transparent substrate of the functional cover may be in the shape of a plate or a film, and may be a flexible or rigid substrate. Examples of transparent rigid substrates include glass, and examples of flexible transparent substrates include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). , Polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyimide (PI), and the like, but are not limited thereto. In this case, the transparency of the transparent substrate may mean physical properties in which at least a transmittance of light in a visible light band is 85% or more, and substantially 90% or more.

In one embodiment, the above-described functional cover may be a finishing material for a solar cell or a smart window, and is particularly suitable as a finishing material for a solar cell used as a BIPV.

The present invention includes a solar cell structure including the above-described functional cover.

The solar cell structure according to the present invention includes a solar cell; And the above-described functional cover attached to at least one surface of the solar cell.

At this time, the functional cover may be attached to the solar cell by a curable adhesive layer, and the curable adhesive layer may be an adhesive layer cured by light, heat or a chemical curing agent.

The solar cells of the solar cell structure are compound semiconductors such as crystalline silicon solar cells, amorphous silicon solar cells, CIGS (Cu-In-Ga-(S, Se)), CISCu-In-(S, Se)), and Cd-Te. Any photovoltaic device known to produce electrical energy by absorbing light, such as a solar cell, an organic solar cell, a perovskite solar cell, a quantum dot solar cell, and a dye-sensitized solar cell, can be used. In addition, the solar cell may include a solar cell that is already installed at a certain location and is in use (power production). In addition, the solar cell to which the functional cover is attached may be a modularized solar cell (solar cell module), but is not limited thereto.

The present invention includes a smart window structure including the above-described functional cover.

The solar cell structure according to the present invention includes a smart window; And the above-described functional cover attached to at least one surface of the smart window. In this case, the functional cover may be attached to at least one surface of the smart window by a curable adhesive layer, and the curable adhesive layer may be an adhesive layer cured by light, heat, or a chemical curing agent. The smart window is a window that freely (artificially) adjusts the transmittance of sunlight, and includes a PDLC; Polymer dispersed liquid crystals) smart windows, but are not limited thereto.

As described above, by attaching the functional cover to an adherent object such as a solar cell or a smart window, it is possible to give functions such as self-cleaning and color to an adherent object such as a solar cell or a smart window, and improve thermal insulation. I can make it.

Further, as described above, the functional cover according to an example of the present invention may have a self-healing ability in which damage is self-healing. Accordingly, the present invention includes a method for recovering damage to a functional cover.

The method for recovering damage of the functional cover according to the present invention includes heating the functional cover to a temperature of Tg or higher of the hydrophobic component contained in the functional cover, specifically, to a temperature of Tg to 1.3 Tg. The heating of the functional cover may be performed by irradiation of light including near-infrared or infrared rays or by application of thermal energy. Of course, when the functional cover is attached to an adherend such as a solar cell, heating by an energy source around the adherend such as sunlight or heating may be additionally used.

As described above, in the present invention, specific matters and limited embodiments and drawings have been described, but this is provided only to help a more general understanding of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the present invention is Those of ordinary skill in the relevant field can make various modifications and variations from these descriptions.

Accordingly, the spirit of the present invention is limited to the described embodiments and should not be defined, and all things that are equivalent or equivalent to the claims as well as the claims to be described later fall within the scope of the inventive concept. .

Claims (21)

Transparent substrate; And
A surface layer positioned on at least one surface of the transparent substrate and comprising a particulate plasmon active ingredient having a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) wavelength belonging to the visible light band, and in which color is realized by the plasmon active ingredient;
Including,
The plasmon active ingredient is a core-shell particle comprising a core of plasmon active metal and a shell of oxygen fluoride of at least one element selected from the group of alkaline earth metals, transition metals, post-transition metals and non-metals.
delete The method of claim 1,
The surface layer belongs to a visible light band, but a functional cover for a solar cell comprising two or more plasmon active ingredients having different local surface plasmon resonance wavelengths. The method of claim 1,
The surface layer is a functional cover further comprising a hydrophobic component. The method of claim 4,
The water contact angle of the hydrophobic component is 90˚ or more functional cover. The method of claim 4,
The hydrophobic component has a Tg (glass transition temperature) of 30 to 100 ℃ functional cover. The method of claim 4,
The plasmon active ingredient is a functional cover dispersed in a matrix of the hydrophobic ingredient. The method of claim 4,
The surface layer is a functional cover further comprising air trapped in the space between the particulate plasmon active ingredients. The method of claim 4,
The surface layer is a functional cover having surface irregularities by the plasmon active ingredient. The method of claim 1,
The functional cover is a functional cover comprising a second surface layer of a hydrophobic component positioned on an opposite surface of one surface of the transparent substrate on which the surface layer is located. The method of claim 1,
The refractive index of the surface layer is controlled by at least one factor selected from a volume fraction of a plasmon active ingredient contained in the surface layer and a refractive index of a material located in a space between the plasmonic active ingredients. The method of claim 1,
The plasmon active metal is silver, gold, platinum, palladium, nickel, aluminum, copper, chromium, or a combination thereof or an alloy thereof. The method of claim 1,
The substrate is a transparent rigid substrate or a transparent flexible substrate functional cover. The method of claim 4,
The hydrophobic component is a functional cover comprising a wax-based material, a hydrophobic polymer, or a mixture thereof. The method of claim 14,
The hydrophobic polymer is an olefin resin, a vinyl resin, a polyester resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyamide resin, a siloxane resin, a cellulose resin, a polyimide resin, a polysulfone resin, a polyether sulfone resin, Functional cover that is one or two or more copolymers selected from the group consisting of polyacetal resins and poly(meth)acrylic resins. The method of claim 14,
The wax-based material is a functional cover comprising a petroleum-based wax, an animal natural wax, a vegetable natural wax, a synthetic wax, or a mixture thereof. The method of claim 14,
The wax-based material is paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, beeswax wax, soy wax, palm wax, molda wax, candelilla wax, carnauba wax, polyethylene wax, polypropylene wax, FT (Fischer-Tropsch) wax, or these Functional cover containing a mixture of. The method of claim 1,
The functional cover is a functional cover that is a building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) module or a finishing material for smart windows. A building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) module comprising a; functional cover according to any one of claims 1 and 3 to 17. Smart windows; And a functional cover according to any one of claims 1 and 3 to 17 attached to at least one surface of the smart window. A plasmonic active ingredient, which is a core-shell particle comprising a core of a plasmonic active metal and a shell of oxygen fluoride of at least one element selected from the group of alkaline earth metals, transition metals, post-transition metals and nonmetals on at least one surface of the transparent substrate, or the A method of manufacturing a functional cover comprising; applying a liquid of the plasmon active ingredient and the hydrophobic ingredient.

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