KR102221617B1 - Handheld ultrasound scanner for defect detection of weldments - Google Patents

Abstract

According to an embodiment of the present invention, an ultrasound scanner includes: a body part which can be gripped by a user; a pair of leg parts which extend from both side ends of the body part, are in contact with a metal to be welded, and are provided with a transducer therein; a control part which determines the occurrence of a defect in a weld and the location of the defect based on an analysis result of an ultrasonic signal generated from the transducer; and a display part provided at the top of the body part to display the location of the defect, wherein as the ultrasonic scanner moves in the longitudinal direction of the weld in a state in which the central portion of the body part is located above the weld, the defect of the weld may be detected.

Description

Handheld ultrasonic scanner for detecting defects in welds {HANDHELD ULTRASOUND SCANNER FOR DEFECT DETECTION OF WELDMENTS}

The present invention relates to a handheld ultrasonic scanner for detecting defects in a weld. More specifically, the present invention relates to an ultrasound scanner in which a defect has occurred in a welding portion due to welding for bonding between metals to be welded and the location of the defect is determined according to a result of analyzing an ultrasound signal using an ultrasound transducer.

A number of mechanical parts are used in devices such as automobiles and ships, and among these mechanical parts, a plurality of cast or processed base materials are welded to each other to produce many. And in recent years, the base materials are welded to each other by automation and are made into one complete part. However, since the stability and/or reliability of the machine parts produced in this way are also affected by the quality of the welded part, it is necessary to check the quality of the welded part. In particular, in the case of automobiles or ships, since it may be directly connected to an accident, quality inspection of a welded part for a part having a welded part is required.

As one of the general methods of inspecting whether there is an abnormality in the welding quality, that is, whether defects such as bubbles or cracks are present in the welded area, the sampled parts are destroyed on a regular basis, for example at breakfast, lunch, and dinner. There is a destruction test that checks the welding condition of parts that are automatically produced in the manufacturing line by checking the welding quality of the broken parts. However, such a destruction inspection requires the disposal of the manufactured parts, which increases the production cost, and also has a problem in that it is not possible to check the welding state for the entire amount of the parts due to the quality inspection by periodic sampling. Moreover, even if the parts produced between the time of sampling and irradiation are abnormal due to changes in the characteristics of the manufacturing/production line (e.g., temperature, humidity, etc.) or slight vibrations on the manufacturing/production line, the parts can be found. no method.

When the quality of a welded part such as a manufactured part is subjected to a non-destructive inspection using ultrasonic waves, the above problems due to the destructive inspection can be solved. In the non-destructive inspection by such an ultrasonic flaw detection method, it is possible to simply and easily inspect whether there is an abnormality in welding of parts or the like. In a more detailed description of the welding quality inspection method using ultrasonic waves, after the ultrasonic inspection device is installed on a manufacturing line such as parts, ultrasonic waves are incident on an inspection object having a welded portion, for example, a manufactured part. Then, some ultrasonic waves are propagated into the object to be inspected, and if there is a welding abnormality due to bubbles or cracks in the welded portion, the radio wave signal is partially reflected and returned from that portion. That is, ultrasonic waves travel straight in the same medium, but non-destructive testing is performed using the property of reflecting or refracting due to the difference in physical state and properties (acoustic impedance) of each medium at an interface in contact with another medium. By analyzing the intensity of the reflected echo signal by the ultrasonic inspection device, it is possible to check in real time whether there is an abnormality in the welded part.

However, even if a non-destructive inspection by such an ultrasonic flaw detection method is used, it is not easy to inspect welding defects on parts that are difficult for an operator to access due to safety issues in inspecting a welded part of a large mechanical device such as a ship or a freight car. In other words, during the non-destructive inspection using ultrasonic flaw detection, the probe that generates the ultrasonic wave and the flaw detector to display the location of the defect or the degree of the defect by analyzing the generated ultrasonic wave are used separately. The non-destructive inspection work is carried out in a group by the first worker who performs the task and the second worker who reports the details of the defect and determines whether the work continues or not using a flaw detector that is connected to the probe and receives an ultrasonic signal. It is common.

However, due to safety issues, the inspection of the welding part is neglected because it is difficult for the first and second workers to access the narrow area, such as a ship, which is difficult for workers to approach, the upper area of the wall, and the area of the welding area above the chief. It is revealing the limitations of manual work that is not available.

Korean Registered Patent Publication No. 10-1915281 (Announcement date: 2018.10.30)

The present invention is to solve the above-described problem, and the display unit for determining whether a defect has occurred in the welded part and displaying the position of the defect is the upper end of the body part connected to the leg part including the ultrasonic transducer. Since it is provided on a surface, it is intended to provide an ultrasound scanner that enables an operator to easily check the location of a defect in real time when a defect occurs.

In addition, even if the welding target metal is located at a predetermined angle, the connecting member for connecting the leg and the body is formed in a rotatable shape, so that the leg part can come into contact with the welding target metal, so that ultrasonic non-destructive testing can be easily performed. Its purpose is to make it possible.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a handheld type ultrasonic scanner for detecting defects in a weld may be provided.

The ultrasound scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention is generated from a body portion that can be gripped by a user, a pair of leg portions extending from both sides of the body portion to contact the metal to be welded, and having a transducer inside, and a transducer. Based on the result of analyzing the obtained ultrasonic signal, a control unit for determining whether or not a defect has occurred in the weld and the location of the defect, and a display unit provided on the upper part of the body part to display the location of the defect are included, and the center of the body part is on the upper side of the welding part. In the positioned state, as the ultrasound scanner moves in the longitudinal direction of the welding portion, defect detection of the welding portion may proceed.

In the ultrasound scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention, a first transducer for generating an ultrasonic signal is provided at one leg of a pair of leg portions, and an ultrasonic signal generated from the first transducer is provided at the other leg portion. Each of the second transducers for receiving may be provided.

In the ultrasound scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention, the control unit includes: a first reference time in which the ultrasonic signal generated from the first transducer is transmitted to the second transducer along the metal to be welded and the upper surface of the weld; And the ultrasonic signal generated from the first transducer is reflected from the lower surface of the welding target metal and transmitted to the second transducer. Based on the second reference time, the ultrasonic signal generated from the first transducer is reflected from the defect of the welding part. Alternatively, the location of the defect may be derived from the defect passage time transmitted to the first transducer or the second transducer as it is diffracted.

In the ultrasound scanner according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the display unit may display the extent to which the defect is spaced from the upper surface of the welding unit to the defect in the left or right direction with respect to the center of the welding unit.

In the ultrasound scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention, the body portion and the leg portion are interconnected through a connector formed to be rotatable, and the welding portion couples the first metal to be welded and the second metal to be welded to each other through welding. , Depending on the angle between the first metal to be welded and the second metal to be welded, the connector is rotated so that one of the pair of leg portions is in contact with the first metal to be welded and the other leg is in contact with the second metal to be welded. can do.

In the ultrasound scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention, an alarm output unit for generating an alarm signal according to whether a defect occurs in the control unit may be further included.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a method for detecting a defect in a welding portion using an ultrasonic scanner including a body portion, a pair of leg portions, a controller, and a display portion may be provided.

In the defect detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention, the ultrasonic scanner is moved in the longitudinal direction of the welding part while the center of the body part is located above the welding part, and an ultrasonic signal from a transducer provided inside the leg part in contact with the metal to be welded. A step of generating, determining whether a defect has occurred in the welding part and the position of the defect based on the result of analyzing the ultrasonic signal generated by the control unit, and displaying the position of the defect in the display unit are included, and the leg unit It may be formed extending from both sides of the negative.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable recording medium in which a program for implementing the above-described method is recorded may be provided.

According to the handheld ultrasonic scanner for detecting defects of a welding part of the present invention, a display unit for determining whether a defect has occurred in the welded part and displaying the location of the defect is connected to the leg part having an ultrasonic transducer. Since it is provided on the top surface of the unit, there is an effect that the operator can easily check the location of the defect in real time when a defect occurs.

In addition, even if the welding target metal is located at a predetermined angle, the connecting member for connecting the leg and the body is formed in a rotatable shape, so that the leg part can come into contact with the welding target metal, so that ultrasonic non-destructive testing can be easily performed. I can.

1 is an exemplary view showing a state in which an ultrasound scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention is located in a welded portion for connection between metals to be welded.
2 is an exemplary diagram illustrating a process of transmitting an ultrasound signal between transducers in an ultrasound scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is an exemplary view showing a display unit in an ultrasound scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is an exemplary view showing a state of being connected to each other by using a connection member rotatably formed between a leg portion and a body portion in the ultrasound scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is an exemplary view showing a state in which a body portion is formed to be rotated in a separated state in an ultrasound scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is an exemplary view showing a detection model in an ultrasound scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those of ordinary skill in the art can easily implement the present invention. However, the present invention may be implemented in a number of different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. In the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted in order to clearly describe the present invention, and similar reference numerals are attached to similar parts throughout the specification.

The terms used in the present specification will be briefly described, and the present invention will be described in detail.

Terms used in the present invention have selected general terms that are currently widely used as possible while taking functions of the present invention into consideration, but this may vary according to the intention or precedent of a technician working in the field, the emergence of new technologies, and the like. In addition, in certain cases, there are terms arbitrarily selected by the applicant, and in this case, the meaning of the terms will be described in detail in the description of the corresponding invention. Therefore, the terms used in the present invention should be defined based on the meaning of the term and the overall contents of the present invention, not a simple name of the term.

When a part of the specification is said to "include" a certain component, it means that other components may be further included rather than excluding other components unless specifically stated to the contrary. In addition, terms such as "... unit" and "module" described in the specification mean a unit that processes at least one function or operation, which may be implemented as hardware or software or a combination of hardware and software. . In addition, when a part is said to be "connected" with another part throughout the specification, this includes not only the case of being "directly connected", but also the case of being connected "with another element in the middle." In addition, the "length direction" refers to the x-axis direction based on FIG. 1, the "width direction" refers to the z-axis direction based on FIG. 1, and the "vertical direction" refers to the y-axis direction based on FIG. to be. In addition, "upper part" means an upward direction from a vertical direction, and "lower part" means a downward direction from a vertical direction.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a handheld type ultrasound scanner 10 for detecting defects in the welding part 30 may be provided. In the present specification, the welding part 30 is a connection part in which the welding target metal 20 is welded according to a predetermined welding method, and is a part where the welding target metal 20 is connected to each other.

1 is an exemplary view showing a state in which an ultrasound scanner 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is positioned in a welded portion 30 for connection between metals to be welded 20.

Referring to FIG. 1, the ultrasound scanner 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention extends from both sides of the body portion 100 and the body portion 100 that can be gripped by a user to form a welding target metal 20 and A pair of leg portions 200 having a transducer 210 in contact with the inside, and whether or not a defect occurs in the welding portion 30 based on the analysis result of the ultrasonic signal generated from the transducer 210 A control unit for determining the position and a display unit 300 provided at the upper end of the body unit 100 to display the location of the defect are included, and the ultrasonic wave in a state in which the center of the body unit 100 is located above the welding unit 30. As the scanner 10 moves in the longitudinal direction of the welding part 30, defect detection of the welding part 30 may proceed.

Here, the ultrasound scanner 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a communication unit (not shown). In the communication unit, communication between components in the ultrasound scanner 10 as well as communication with other devices or other systems may be performed. The communication method of the communication unit may be various wired or wireless communication methods, and is not limited to a specific communication method. In addition, a data storage unit for storing information on whether or not a defect has occurred, including an ultrasonic signal, and a location of the defect may be further included. The data storage unit may be a database management system (DBMS) for interworking with a database and accessing data in the database.

The body portion 100 constitutes the main body of the ultrasound scanner 10 of the present invention, and may be formed in a grippable size and shape. Here, the grippable size may mean a size that can be held around all or part of the body part 100 with one hand.

In addition, the grippable shape may mean a shape configured to be wrapped around all or part of the body part 100 with one hand. The body portion 100 may be formed in a bar or plate shape as shown in FIG. 1, but this is only exemplary and is not limited to the shape of the drawing.

A user (ex. an operator, etc.) may be able to observe the display unit 300 provided on the upper surface of the body unit 100, so that one side end of the body unit 100 can be held with one hand or the body unit 100 It is preferable to check whether or not a defect has occurred and the location of the defect in real time through the display unit 300 at the same time as the scanning operation for the welding unit 30 while holding both side ends of the unit with both hands.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, the leg portions 200 may be formed in a form extending from both side ends of the body portion 100 so as to form a vertical direction with the body portion 100, and may be provided as a pair. The leg portion 200 is a portion in contact with the metal to be welded 20, and at least one transducer is provided inside the leg portion 200.

When a welding defect is detected using the ultrasonic scanner 10 of the present invention, the ultrasonic scanner 10 moves in the longitudinal direction of the welding part 30 while the center of the body part 100 is located above the welding part 30. The defect detection of 30 is performed, and the ultrasound scanner 10 may be moved while the pair of leg portions 200 are in contact with the metal to be welded 20. That is, the leg part 200 is a part for supporting the ultrasound scanner 10 of the present invention.

A transducer 210 is provided inside the leg part 200, and the transducer 210 converts electrical energy into ultrasonic energy to generate ultrasonic waves based on a piezoelectric effect, or generates ultrasonic waves. It may be a device or device that converts the energy back into electrical energy. That is, the transducer 210 may be understood as a signal conversion device capable of transmitting and receiving ultrasonic signals.

In addition, the transducer 210 may be referred to as a transducer, a vibrator, an ultrasonic probe, or the like.

The transducer 210 may include an ultrasonic insulator, a piezoelectric crystal, an electrode, a damping layer, and the like.

The transducer 210 may be provided in a shape inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the lower portion of the leg portion 200. The predetermined angle may be determined by various factors such as the type and size of the metal to be welded 20 and the size of the ultrasound scanner 10.

In addition, a plurality of transducers 210 may be provided inside the leg portion 200, and the plurality of transducers 210 may be arranged in a predetermined shape.

The controller may control the overall operation of the ultrasound scanner 10 of the present invention. In particular, the control unit analyzes the ultrasonic signal, and based on the analysis result, whether or not a defect has occurred in the welding part 30 and the location of the defect may be determined. That is, the control unit detects the degree of change or discontinuity due to the presence of the defect as the ultrasonic signal generated from the transducer 210 passes through the welding portion 30, so that the presence or absence of a defect in the welding portion 30 and the location of the defect are determined. Can be discriminated.

Hereinafter, when a defect occurs in the welding part 30 by the control unit, a process of deriving the location of the generated defect will be described in more detail. As described above, whether or not a defect has occurred may be determined by the controller according to the degree of change of the ultrasonic signal passing through the welding part 30 (eg, difference in acoustic impedance).

First, FIG. 2 is an exemplary view showing a process of transmitting an ultrasound signal between the transducers 210 in the ultrasound scanner 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2, an embodiment of the present invention In the ultrasound scanner 10 according to the example, a first transducer 211 for generating an ultrasonic signal is provided in one leg of the pair of leg portions 200, and a first transducer 211 is provided in the other leg portion. Each of the second transducers 212 for receiving ultrasonic signals generated from) may be provided.

In addition, in the ultrasound scanner 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, in the control unit, the ultrasound signal generated from the first transducer 211 is generated along the upper surface of the metal to be welded 20 and the weld 30. 2 a first reference time transmitted to the transducer 212; And a second reference time in which the ultrasonic signal generated from the first transducer 211 is reflected from the lower surface of the metal to be welded 20 and transmitted to the second transducer 212, the first transducer 211 ) From the defect passing time transmitted to the first transducer 211 or the second transducer 212 as the _{ultrasonic signal generated from is reflected or diffracted from the defect (g t} ) of the welding part 30 _{(g t} ) The location of can be derived.

That is, _{the location of the defect (g t} ) is determined based on the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave, and as the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave as a reference, the ultrasonic wave is transmitted from the transmitting transducer along the upper surface of the welding target metal 20 to the receiving transformer. The time it takes to propagate to the transducer (first reference time) and the time it takes for the ultrasonic wave to propagate from the transmitting transducer to the receiving transducer after being reflected from the lower surface of the welding target metal 20 (the second reference time) It can be used as the propagation time of ultrasonic waves. Referring to FIG. 2, the propagation path according to the first reference time is the same as the first path 71, and the propagation path according to the second reference time is the same as the second path 73.

Defect passage time is transmitted to the first transducer 211 or the second transducer 212 as the ultrasonic signal generated from the first transducer 211 is _{reflected or diffracted from the defect (g t) of the welding part 30} / As the propagation time, the defect passage time may be a time taken for the ultrasonic wave to pass through the defect (g _t ) in the welding part 30 and propagate to the receiving transducer. That is, when a defect (g _t ) exists in the welding part 30, the generated ultrasonic signal may be reflected or diffracted after being transmitted to the _{defect (g t ), so that the first transducer (} 211), or may be propagated to the second transducer 212 according to reflection or diffraction. There are various types of defects caused by welding that may occur in the welding part 30, such as bubbles and cracks, and are not limited to the type of specific defects. In addition, referring to FIG. 2, the propagation path according to the defect passage time is the same as the defect propagation path 72.

When the defect passage time is measured, the position (first position) of the defect in the welding part 30 may be determined based on a trigonometric relationship between the first reference time and the second reference time of the defect passage time.

When the position of the defect in the welding part 30 is determined according to the above-described process, the control unit may control functions of the first transducer 211 and the second transducer 212 to change with each other.

Preferably, when the position (first position) of the defect in the welding part 30 is first determined in the control unit, an ultrasonic signal is generated from the second transducer 212, and the first transducer 211 is By receiving the generated ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic signal generated from the second transducer 212 is transmitted to the first transducer 211 along the upper surface of the welding target metal 20 and the welding part 30. 1 standard review time; And the second transducer based on the first reference review time that the ultrasonic signal generated from the second transducer 212 is reflected from the lower surface of the metal to be welded 20 and transmitted to the first transducer 211. As the ultrasonic signal generated from 212 is reflected or diffracted from the defect of the welding part 30, the second position of the defect is derived from the defect passage time transmitted to the second transducer 212 or the first transducer 211 A review process can be carried out.

That is, as the first transducer 211 and the second transducer 212 perform both roles/functions of the ultrasonic transmitter and receiver, respectively, the location of the defect may be derived twice. In other words, when the first transducer 211 and the second transducer 212 serve as an ultrasonic transmitter and a receiver, respectively, the first position derived as the position of the defect, the first transducer 211 and the second When the transducer 212 serves as an ultrasonic receiver and a transmitter, respectively, the controller may determine whether to determine the location of the defect again according to whether the second location derived as the location of the defect coincides.

More specifically, when the control unit determines that the separation distance between the first position and the second position is within the reference position (Ex. 1mm), the control unit may determine that the first position and the second position are identical. have. Contrary to this, if the control unit determines that the separation distance between the first and second positions is farther than the reference position, the control unit determines that the first and second positions do not coincide, and the position of the defect is re-established. It can be controlled by what needs to be determined.

As described above, as the process of determining the defect location is repeatedly performed according to the reversed role of the transducer, the location of the defect can be more accurately determined.

In the ultrasound scanner 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, an alarm output unit for generating an alarm signal according to whether a defect occurs in a control unit (not shown) may be further included.

That is, when it is determined that a defect has occurred in the control unit, an alarm signal is generated by the control unit of the ultrasound scanner 10 of the present invention and output by an alarm output unit (not shown) provided in advance in the ultrasound scanner 10 of the present invention. I can. The alarm signal may be output in various forms. For example, the alarm signal may include a voice signal, a vibration signal, a display signal, and the like, but these are only exemplary and may be output in any form to notify the user of the occurrence of a welding defect.

In particular, the alarm signal may be displayed through the display unit 300, which will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 3.

3 is an exemplary view showing the display unit 300 in the ultrasound scanner 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 3A, an ultrasound scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention In (10), in the display unit 300, the defect is _{spaced from the center 310 of the welding unit 30 in the left (g l} ) or right (g _r ) direction, and the upper surface of the welding unit 30 The depth (d) from to the defect can be displayed.

In more detail, the presence or absence of the defect and the location of the defect at a point in time when the body part 100 of the ultrasound scanner 10 of the present invention is located above a specific point in the welding part 30 can be confirmed.

Preferably, in the display unit 300, a plurality of points are displayed in the form of coordinates uniformly arranged, and at the points, center points (1, 2, 3, 4) indicated only by numbers to indicate the center of the welding unit 30 ), the separation point (L1, LL2, R3, RR4) is displayed by combining letters (L, R) and numbers to indicate the degree of separation from the center of the weld 30 to the left (g _l ) or right (g _{r ).} Etc.), and the number for indicating the center point and the separation point is for indicating the depth from the upper surface to the lower bottom surface of the welding part 30, and the greater the number, the deeper the depth, and the The letters L and R for indicating the separation point may be displayed so that the number of the letters increases as the degree of separation from the center increases. For example, as in (a) of FIG. 3, the center point (1) is closer to the upper surface of the weld 30 than the center point (4), and the separation point (RR1) is compared to the separation point (R1). It is spaced apart from the center of the weld 30 to the right (g _{r ).}

In addition, a point corresponding to the location of the defect among the center point and the separation point may be displayed in a different color from other points or may be displayed to be flickering. For example, when the separation point RR4 is displayed in a color different from other points or blinks in (a) of FIG. 3, the separation point RR4 is the point (the rightmost and deepest point from the center of the weld 30). It can be determined that there is a defect in the welding part 30 in ).

That is, as shown in (a) of FIG. 3, the display unit 300 displays the location of the defect of the welding unit 30 using a combination of numbers and letters, so that the user can intuitively grasp the location of the defect in real time.

In addition, the display unit 300 may display an ultrasonic signal received by the transducer 210 on the receiving side by passing through the point where the defect has occurred (including reflection or diffraction) as shown in FIG. 3B.

In addition, information about a screen displayed on the display unit 300 illustrated in FIG. 3 or a defect location may be transmitted to another device (eg, a supervisor terminal) capable of communicating with the ultrasound scanner 10 of the present invention.

During the non-destructive inspection using ultrasonic waves, the first user who scans the defect of the welding part 30 using the ultrasonic scanner 10 of the present invention also displays the defect information through the display unit 300 of the ultrasonic scanner 10 of the present invention in real time. Although it is possible to check (whether or not a defect has occurred, the location of the defect), the second user who is spaced apart from the first user by a predetermined distance and supervising the work status of the first user can also access the defect information using the ultrasound scanner 10. Since it may be necessary to check, the defect information may be transmitted to the second user using the above-described communication unit.

In other words, the ultrasound scanner 10 of the present invention is usually a pair of two people for a narrow area that is difficult for a worker to approach, such as a ship, an upper area of the wall, and an area of the welding part 30 on the chieftain. In order to solve a problem that may occur during non-destructive testing that is conducted by entering, only one of the two (the first user) enters the areas to perform a scanning operation, and the other one (the second user) is an ultrasound scanner ( Based on the information transmitted through the communication unit of 10), the location of the defect can be identified in real time. In other words, if the ultrasound scanner 10 of the present invention is used, even in the case of non-destructive inspection using ultrasound in a narrow area, the first user secures the work area while grasping the location of the defect in real time and scanning. , The second user can also check the work result from the first user in real time using the device of the second user in a safe place.

FIG. 4 is an exemplary diagram illustrating a state in which the leg portion 200 and the body portion 100 are connected to each other using a rotatable connection member in the ultrasound scanner 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4, in the ultrasound scanner 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the body portion 100 and the leg portion 200 are interconnected through a connector formed to be rotatable, and the welding portion 30 Is the first metal to be welded and the second metal to be welded together through welding, and according to an angle between the first metal to be welded and the second metal to be welded, one leg of the pair of leg portions 200 The connector may be rotated so that the additional part is in contact with the first metal to be welded and the other leg part is in contact with the second metal to be welded.

That is, when the welding target metals 20 are joined by welding, the two flat metals are not always combined by welding, so a predetermined angle between the first welding target metal and the second welding target metal is welded. It is important to determine whether or not a defect due to welding has occurred and the location of the defect even in the case of bonding so as to achieve a.

Therefore, even when the first metal to be welded and the second metal to be welded are joined by welding at a predetermined angle, a defect due to welding must be detected using the ultrasonic scanner 10 of the present invention. The connection of the pair of leg portions 200 so that both of the pair of leg portions 200 are in contact with the first welding target metal and the second welding target metal using a rotatable connection member 270 for connecting the 100 and the leg portion 200 The member 270 can rotate.

In particular, referring to FIG. 4, the leg portion on the right side does not rotate through the connection member 270 and maintains the same state as in the first, whereas the leg portion on the left side is the body portion ( The leg portion 200 may also rotate toward the center of 100). That is, if the first metal to be welded is in contact with the leg portion on the left side of FIG. 4 and the second metal to be welded is in contact with the leg portion on the right side of FIG. 4, the first metal to be welded is compared to the second metal to be welded. It may be rotated toward the center of the body portion 100 by a predetermined angle and joined by welding between the two metals.

In addition, when any one leg portion of the pair of leg portions 200 rotates according to the rotation of the connecting member 270 connected to the leg portion, an ultrasonic signal generated from the transducer 210 provided inside the leg portion May be different compared to the case where is not rotated.

Therefore, in the control unit, the first point 54 and the second point 56 and the leg portion of the body portion 100 connected through the connection member 270 to determine the degree of rotation of the rotating leg portion 200. The first distance d1 between the first point 54 and the third point 55 and the second point 56 and the second point based on the third point 55 and the fourth point 57 of 200 The degree of rotation of the leg part 200 may be determined based on the degree to which the second distance d2 between the four points 57 is different. Referring to FIG. 4, since the first distance d1 is more spaced apart than the second distance d2 in the left leg portion, the leg portion 200 is positioned at the second point 56 and the fourth point ( It can be determined by the control unit to be rotated in the direction of 57). Also, the degree of rotation may be quantitatively determined from the ratio of the first interval d1 and the second interval d2.

In addition, the control unit may adjust the position of the transducer 210 provided inside the leg part 200 based on the degree of rotation of the leg part 200 determined through the above-described process, or adjust the provided shape. In other words, the transducer 210 is provided at a predetermined position inside the leg part 200, but the control unit can adjust the position of the transducer 210 or the form provided, so that the transducer 210 is based on the determined degree of rotation. The position of the ducer 210 may be adjusted.

Further, referring to FIG. 4, a handle part 500 formed to be gripped by a user may be additionally provided at both side ends of the body part 100. As described above, the body part 100 itself may be provided in a shape and size that can be gripped by a user, but an additional handle part 500 may be provided so as to be more easily gripped by the user.

5 is an exemplary view showing a state in which the body part 100 is formed to be rotatable in a separated state in the ultrasound scanner 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Preferably, the body part 100 is separable into a pair of body modules 110, and the body modules 110 can be interconnected through a rod 120 and a rotating part 130, and the rotating part 130 ), the angle formed between the body modules may vary. In addition, since the rod 120 can be withdrawn from the body module, a distance between the body modules may be adjusted.

That is, since the size (width, depth, etc.) of the welded part 30 may be determined by various factors such as the type of the metal to be welded 20, the welding environment, and the welding method, the body part in consideration of the size of the welded part 30 100 is also formed to be separable into a pair of body modules, so that even if a welding part 30 of any size exists, whether or not a defect has occurred and the location of the defect can be determined using the ultrasound scanner 10 of the present invention.

In addition, the control unit may additionally determine the degree of occurrence of a defect in the welding part 30 by using the detection model 700.

Preferably, the control unit can determine the degree of defect occurrence from the image data using the detection model 700 learned in advance according to the deep learning algorithm, and the image data is acquired as the image is converted from the ultrasonic signal through the frequency conversion technique. Can be. The ultrasonic signal may be data of various types, but hereinafter, the ultrasonic signal will be described on the assumption that the ultrasonic signal is time-series data.

More specifically, the ultrasonic signal may be filtered by a filter unit (not shown) before being converted into image data by the control unit. The filter unit may include at least one of a high-pass filter, a low-pass filter, a band-pass filter, a matching filter, or the filters, and filtering may be performed by a combined filter. In addition, the control unit may additionally perform sampling. That is, the ultrasonic signal may be sampled in units of a predetermined time interval, and the time interval may be set to 10 [ms] as a time for the control unit to appropriately convert the image data. However, since this is only an example, the time interval may be set to various values according to actual implementation.

The controller may generate image data for the ultrasonic signal according to an image conversion process. That is, the image data may be an image obtained using a frequency conversion technique. Various methods may be used for the frequency transformation of the ultrasonic signal, but it is preferable to use a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method for the frequency transformation. That is, as the ultrasonic signal is frequency-converted according to the FFT method, the intensity of each frequency component can be expressed as a frequency spectrum, and the image data can be generated by converting it into an image form. Hereinafter, a description will be made based on image data generated according to the result of the FFT transformation.

Next, the control unit may determine the degree of occurrence of a defect in the welding part 30 by using the detection model 700. The degree of occurrence of the defect may be classified into a plurality of classes, and a classified result may be derived. For example, the degree of defect occurrence can be classified into five classes (Class 1-5).

The detection model 700 is generated according to a result of pre-learning the relationship between image data and the degree of defect occurrence according to a deep learning algorithm, and the deep learning algorithm may include a convolutional neural network (CNN). In addition, the detection model 700 may be generated according to a learned result by combining with a recurrent neural network (RNN) in addition to the CNN. Hereinafter, a description will be made based on the detection model 700 formed according to the CNN-based learning result. The degree of defect occurrence relates to the degree of progression of defects generated according to the corresponding welding obtained in advance with respect to the image data, and can be classified into five classes for each image data.

First, briefly describing CNN, CNN is a type of artificial neural network used to analyze input data (mainly, visual images). Features are extracted from the input data and input data based on the extracted features. Can be classified as to which class is applicable. The CNN may include at least one or more convolutional layers, a pooling layer, and a fully connected layer.

The convolution layer may correspond to a filter that generates a feature map representing features of an object through a convolution operation. That is, the CNN can detect the characteristics of the image data by detecting in what form a local pattern forming the image data exists with respect to the image data input to the convolutional layer. The pattern may correspond to a feature existing between adjacent pixels, such as a shape, wave height, period, etc. of a waveform in the image data. A stride may be performed to find a feature in the image data, and a stride size used in the convolution layer may be variously set.

In the pooling layer, a pooling operation may be performed to reduce the size of the output data of the convolution layer or to emphasize specific data. The pooling layer may include a max pooling layer and an average pooling layer.

The fully connected layer may correspond to a classfier for classifying input data based on the extracted feature information.

The detection model 700 is preferably a first neural network 710 for extracting a first feature from image data, and a second neural network 720 for extracting a second feature from image data, as shown in FIG. 6. , The classification layer 740 for determining whether a defect occurs based on the extracted first feature and the second feature, and the outputs of the first neural network 710 and the second neural network 720 are fused to the classification layer 740. A fusion layer 730 formed to be input may be further included.

The first neural network 710 may correspond to a neural network formed based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) including a single convolutional layer. That is, the first neural network 710 is formed in a shallow structure with only the first convolution layer and the first pooling layer as shown in FIG. 6, so that the first feature can be extracted from the input image data. have.

Unlike this, the second neural network 720 may correspond to a neural network formed based on a convolutional neural network including a plurality of convolutional layers. That is, the second neural network 720 is formed in a deep structure with second to fourth convolution layers and a second pooling layer, as shown in FIG. 6, and has a second characteristic from the input image data. Can be extracted.

A neural network including only one convolutional layer may correspond to a shallow neural network as described above, and a neural network including a plurality of convolutional layers may correspond to a deep neural network. Accordingly, the first feature extracted from the shallow structure of the first neural network 710 may be a shallow feature, and the second feature extracted from the deep structure of the second neural network 720 may be a deep feature.

The fusion layer 730 may be a layer that combines the outputs of the first neural network 710 and the second neural network 720 and connects them to become an input of the classification layer 740. The fusion layer 730 may be formed of a pooling layer.

The classification layer 740 is a fully connected layer as described above, and the classification layer 740 includes at least one hidden layer and an output layer, as well as a platen layer for dimension change. (flatten layer) may be additionally included. The softmax activation function is used in the output layer, so that the degree of occurrence of defects due to welding can be determined.

In more detail, in the first neural network 710, a single first convolutional layer 711 and a first pooling layer 712 are formed together to form a shallow convolutional neural network. In contrast, the second neural network 720 includes three convolutional layers corresponding to the second convolutional layer 721, the third convolutional layer 722, and the fourth convolutional layer 723, and a second pooling layer. 724) may be connected to form a deep convolutional neural network. The number of filters and the filter size of the first to fourth convolution layers may be the same or may be set differently.

When the structure of the detection model 700 is determined based on the features extracted from the shallow and deep neural networks, respectively, as shown in FIG. 6, compared to the discrimination result according to the convolutional neural network of the general structure. You can get more accurate results. That is, after the feature extraction from the image data was separately performed through the two convolutional neural networks, a more accurate degree of defect occurrence was determined according to the result of fusion in the fusion layer 730.

In other words, by using the ultrasound scanner 10 of the present invention to determine not only the location of the defect, but also the degree of progression of the defect generated using the detection model 700 in detail, a non-destructive inspection using efficient ultrasound can be performed I can.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a method for detecting a defect in a welding part 30 using an ultrasonic scanner 10 including a body part 100, a pair of leg parts 200, a control part and a display part 300 is provided. Can be. The defect detection method of the present invention may be performed by the above-described ultrasound scanner 10, and the same contents as those of the ultrasound scanner 10 are omitted below.

In the defect detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention, the ultrasonic scanner 10 is moved in the longitudinal direction of the welding part 30 while the center of the body part 100 is located above the welding part 30, and the metal to be welded The step of generating an ultrasonic signal from the transducer 210 provided inside the leg part 200 in contact with the 20, whether a defect occurs in the welding part 30 based on the result of analyzing the ultrasonic signal generated by the control unit, and The step of determining the location of the defect and the step of displaying the location of the defect on the display unit 300 are included, and the leg portion 200 may extend from both side ends of the body portion 100.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable recording medium in which a program for implementing the above-described method is recorded may be provided.

That is, the above-described method can be written as a program that can be executed on a computer, and can be implemented in a general-purpose digital computer operating the program using a computer-readable medium. In addition, the structure of the data used in the above-described method can be recorded on a computer-readable medium through various means. A recording medium for recording executable computer programs or codes for performing the various methods of the present invention should not be understood as including temporary objects such as carrier waves or signals. The computer-readable medium may include a storage medium such as a magnetic storage medium (eg, ROM, floppy disk, hard disk, etc.), and an optical reading medium (eg, CD-ROM, DVD, etc.).

The above description of the present invention is for illustrative purposes only, and those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains will be able to understand that other specific forms can be easily modified without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. will be. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are illustrative and non-limiting in all respects. For example, each component described as a single type may be implemented in a distributed manner, and similarly, components described as being distributed may also be implemented in a combined form.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and improvements by those skilled in the art using the basic concept of the present invention defined in the following claims are also present. It belongs to the scope of rights of That is, the scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims to be described later rather than the detailed description, and all changes or modified forms derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and the concept of equivalents thereof should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention. do.

10: ultrasound scanner
20: welding target metal
30: weld
100: body
200: leg part
210: transducer
211: first transducer
212: second transducer
270: connecting member
300: display unit
700: detection model

Claims (8)

In the handheld type ultrasonic scanner for detecting defects in a weld,
A body portion that can be gripped by a user;
A pair of leg portions extending from both side ends of the body portion to contact the metal to be welded, and having a transducer disposed therein;
A control unit for determining whether or not a defect has occurred in the welding portion and a location of the defect based on a result of analyzing the ultrasonic signal generated from the transducer; And
It is provided on the upper end of the body and includes a display unit for displaying the location of the defect,
In a state in which the center of the body portion is located above the welding portion, as the ultrasound scanner moves in the longitudinal direction of the welding portion, defect detection of the welding portion proceeds,
The control unit can determine the degree of defect occurrence from image data using a detection model, and the image data can be obtained by image conversion from the ultrasonic signal through a predetermined frequency conversion technique,
The detection model is generated according to a result of pre-learning about the relationship between image data and the degree of defect occurrence according to a deep learning algorithm,
The detection model includes a first neural network for extracting a first feature from the image data;
A second neural network for extracting a second feature from the image data;
A classification layer for determining a degree of defect occurrence based on the extracted first and second features; And
And a fusion layer formed such that outputs of the first neural network and the second neural network are fused to be input to the classification layer,
The first neural network is a shallow convolutional neural network including a single convolutional layer, and the second neural network is a deep convolutional neural network including a plurality of convolutional layers,
One of the pair of leg portions includes a first transducer that generates a first ultrasonic signal,
The other leg portion of the pair of leg portions includes a second transducer that generates a second ultrasonic signal,
The first transducer receives the second ultrasonic signal, the second transducer receives the first ultrasonic signal,
The control unit,
The first position of the defect is derived based on the first ultrasonic signal, the second position of the defect is derived based on the second ultrasonic signal, and the defect is based on the first position and the second position. Derive whether or not to re-measure the position of,
The control unit,
When the separation distance between the first position and the second position is within a reference distance, it is determined that the first position and the second position coincide, and the position of the defect is displayed through the display unit,
The control unit,
When the separation distance is farther than the reference distance, it is determined that the first position and the second position do not match, and the position of the defect is measured again. delete The method of claim 1,
In the control unit,
A first reference time during which the ultrasonic signal generated from the first transducer is transmitted to the second transducer along the upper surface of the welding target metal and the welding part; And a second reference time in which the ultrasonic signal generated from the first transducer is reflected from the lower surface of the metal to be welded and transmitted to the second transducer,
As the ultrasonic signal generated from the first transducer is reflected or diffracted from a defect of a welding part, the first position is derived from a defect passage time transmitted to the first or second transducer. The method of claim 1,
The display unit,
The degree of spaced apart from the defect in the left or right direction based on the center of the welding part and the depth from the upper surface of the welding part to the defect,
The display unit,
The position of the combination is displayed using a coordinate form in which a plurality of points are uniformly arranged,
The plurality of points,
A center point indicating the center of the weld and
And a separation point indicating a degree of separation from the center of the welding portion to the left or right,
The display unit,
The ultrasound scanner to display the location of the defect using the center point and the separation point corresponding to the location of the coupling. The method of claim 1,
The body portion and the leg portion are interconnected through a connector formed to be rotatable,
The welding part couples the first metal to be welded and the second metal to be welded to each other through welding,
According to an angle between the first metal to be welded and the second metal to be welded, one of the pair of leg portions is in contact with the first metal to be welded and the other leg is in contact with the second metal to be welded. The ultrasound scanner that the connector rotates. The method of claim 1,
An ultrasound scanner further comprising an alarm output unit that generates an alarm signal according to whether a defect occurs in the control unit. delete delete

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