KR102211447B1 - Partially submerged blade structure type hydroelectric power system with predicting generation quantity - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hydroelectric power system. More particularly, the present invention relates to a hydroelectric power generation system with a partially-submerged blade structure, which can predict the amount of power generation in the hydroelectric power generation of a partially-submerged blade structure that is installed so that a part is obtained in flowing water such as a river, and is configured to provide an optimal power generation environment by actively varying the overall diameter of a water wheel or the depth of the blade according to the river flow change.

Description

Partially submerged blade structure type hydroelectric power system with predicting generation quantity}

The present invention relates to a hydroelectric power generation system, and more particularly, it is possible to predict the amount of power generation in hydroelectric power generation of a partially-receivable blade structure in which a part of the water flows such as a river is installed, and the total diameter of the water wheel or the depth of the blade It relates to a hydroelectric power generation system of a partially-receivable blade structure configured to provide an optimal power generation environment by actively varying according to river sulfur.

In general, most power generation systems use hydropower, thermal power, and nuclear power, and sometimes use wind power, tidal power, or solar power, but they are insignificant compared to the total amount of power generation.

In addition, the conventional hydroelectric power generation structure is a power generation method in which the potential energy or flow rate of water in a high place is converted into mechanical energy using aberration, and this is converted back into electrical energy. That is, the turbine or water wheel is turned by the falling force or flow rate of water, and the generator is driven by using the rotational force of the turbine or water wheel to generate electricity.

Since hydroelectric power generation using this principle uses water, it is not only environmentally friendly compared to thermal power generation or nuclear power generation, but also has the advantage of providing high-quality power at a relatively low cost in terms of operating costs. The advantage of being very effective in terms of both water and dimensional aspects of water resources, such as a flood control function that can control floods during the flood season and a water control function that can increase the supply of water during the dry season by securing a low water capacity of the dam. There is this.

In hydroelectric power generation, high dams are stacked across a river to raise the water level on the upstream side of the dam to obtain a drop between the downstream side, and the dam-type hydroelectric power generation method using this drop to generate electricity, and the drop caused by the slope of the river as it is. There is a hydroelectric power generation method of a method of obtaining a fast flow rate by changing the flow path to a short channel where the slope is steep and bent in the upper and middle stream of the river.

On the other hand, in hydroelectric power generation, in order to reuse the water discharged after generating electricity by rotating the turbine, the turbine is replaced with a pump during times of low power demand, such as at night and at night, to raise water from the downstream, and then, when the demand for power is high. There is a two-handed power generation system that generates electricity by turning the turbine again due to the drop of the falling water at the same time as the water falls on the ground.

Dam-type hydroelectric power generation and waterway-type hydroelectric power generation must have the topographical conditions to obtain a drop required for power generation, so the location of dam and waterway construction is inevitably limited, and the construction cost of dams and waterways is high, and it causes enormous obstacles to the ecosystem. In the case of pumped-up power generation, the turbine and the generator are likely to break down because the turbine and the generator must be switched to a pump and an electric motor in order to raise the water generated by the generator to the upstream by rotating the turbine once. .

In order to solve the problems of conventional hydroelectric power generation and use it as a small power generation device, a floating hydroelectric power generation device that obtains power by rotating a plurality of rotating bodies installed on the surface of the water using the flow energy of water is disclosed as Korean Patent Publication No. 2005-0003976. It is disclosed.

Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-0003976 discloses that a pulley is installed on both sides of a barge floating on the water surface by buoyancy, and a generator driven by the rotation of the pulley is installed in the middle of the barge, and the barge is fixed so that the barge does not float. It requires equipment that can be used, and the pulley is formed in the form of a cylindrical impeller in which a number of wings are radially installed, and is a structure that rotates by receiving the velocity energy of water mainly near the water surface.

However, the conventional floating hydroelectric power generation device receives resistance from water over a large area when the pulley's wings go into the water, so the rotational power of the pulley decreases, which reduces power generation efficiency. There is a problem that the profitability of power generation cannot be estimated.

Korean Patent Publication No. 2005-0003976

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to apply a partially-receivable blade structure to minimize water resistance, thereby improving power generation efficiency, while considering the partially-receivable blade structure to predict the monthly or annual power generation amount. It is to provide a structural hydroelectric power system.

In order to achieve the above object, a hydroelectric power generation system having a partially-receiving blade structure capable of predicting the amount of power generation according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as'system of the present invention') is, in a hydroelectric power generation system having a partially-receiving blade structure , A power generation device including a water wheel in which a plurality of blades are radially disposed on the outer periphery of a vertical axis installed to be rotatable in a horizontal direction with respect to the flow direction of flowing water, and a part of the blades is submerged to a predetermined depth in water; And a setting unit for inputting the design resources of the aberration and the depth of acquisition of the blade, and a sensor unit installed adjacent to the aberration and measuring and outputting a flow velocity, and data input to the setting unit and data output from the sensor unit It characterized in that it includes; a calculation device that calculates the predicted power generation amount through the following [Equation 1] predefined based on.

[Equation 1]

Here, (P: power generation [W])

C ₀ : Water turbine power generation constant; However, C ₀ =8.893×10 ^-7

C _d : Power generation correction factor for aberration diameter and depth ratio;

only,

: 물의 밀도; 단, 20℃ 상태에서의 물의 밀도

: Density of water; However, the density of water at 20℃

V: Approach flow velocity [m/s]

D: diameter of aberration [m]

d: depth of ingestion [m]

b: blade width [m]

A _d : the receiving area of the blade [㎡]; However, A _d =bd)

As an example, the calculation device is characterized by calculating an annual or monthly predicted power generation amount through a predefined [Equation 2] below.

[Equation 2]

Here, (W: Estimated power generation (Wh/month for monthly power generation calculation, Wh/year for annual power generation calculation)

C _H : Calculation constant for development months;

However, in the case of monthly power generation calculation, C _H = 1/H _m (here, H _m : power generation month [month])

In the case of annual power generation calculation, C _H = 1/H _y (here, H _y : development years [years])

H _h : Daily average power generation time [hr]

H _d : Total development days in one year [days]

(However, when calculating monthly power generation, if hydroelectric power is performed for 30 days, H _d = 30 days

When calculating annual power generation, in case of hydroelectric power generation for one year (12 months), H _d = 365 days)

As an example, the aberration is a hub that allows the blade to be mounted along the axial direction of the vertical axis so that the vertical axis and the blade are integrally interlocked, and by varying the separation distance between the water surface and the hub, the depth of acquisition of the blade is adjusted. It is characterized in that it further includes a first variable stage.

As an example, the aberration may further include a second variable stage for adjusting the total diameter of the aberration by varying the length of the blade from the hub.

As an example, the power generation device further comprises a control unit receiving information on the predicted power generation amount calculated by the calculation device and selectively controlling the variable operation of the first variable stage or the second variable stage based on this information. to be.

As an example, the blade is characterized in that it is configured in a curved shape in which valleys are formed on one surface opposite to the direction in which water flows.

As described above, the system of the present invention has an effect of minimizing a decrease in power generation efficiency due to water resistance by applying a partially-receiving blade structure in which a part is installed in flowing water such as a river.

In addition, by calculating the monthly or annual predicted generation amount in hydroelectric power generation by a design formula that considers the partially available blade structure, there is an effect that it is possible to easily estimate future profitability in the future.

In addition, by providing an optimal power generation environment by actively varying the total diameter of the aberration or the depth of the blade, which acts as a main function of the predicted power generation amount, according to the river sulfur, there is an effect of further improving the efficiency of hydroelectric power generation.

1 to 15 are diagrams showing results according to experimental examples of the system of the present invention.
16 is a diagram illustrating a calculation of a relational expression between independent dimensionless numbers obtained through dimensional analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention.
17 is a comparison graph of a design formula and experimental power generation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
18 is a graph showing the amount of power generation according to an increase in depth of acquisition for each aberration diameter using a design equation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In describing the present invention, terms or words used in the present specification and claims are the present invention based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concept of terms in order to explain his or her invention in the best way. It must be interpreted as a meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of

The system of the present invention is applied to a hydroelectric power generation system having a partially-receivable blade structure, and the predicted power generation amount that can be produced in the future is calculated based on the design conditions and underwater installation conditions of the power generation device and the power generation device that generate power through hydropower generation. It may include a calculating device to estimate.

The power generation device includes a plurality of blades radially disposed on an outer periphery of a vertical axis installed to be rotatable in a horizontal direction with respect to the flow direction of flowing water, and a water wheel configured to submerge a part of the blades to a predetermined depth in water. I can.

In addition, the power generation device may further include a generator that is physically connected to the aberration to receive a rotational force generated from the aberration and generates power through the rotational force, and a storage unit for processing and storing the electric power produced by the generator. .

Here, the aberration is a power such as a hub that allows the blade to be mounted along the axial direction of the vertical axis so that the vertical axis and the blade are integrally interlocked, and a pulley having a constant reduction ratio in order to transmit the rotational force of the hub to the generator. It may further include a transmission member.

The calculation device may include a setting unit for inputting a design resource of the aberration and an acquisition depth of the blade, and a sensor unit installed close to the aberration to measure and output a flow velocity.

The design resources of the aberration may include a diameter of the aberration, that is, a distance from the center of the vertical axis to the end of the blade, a cross-sectional width and length of the blade, and a reduction ratio of the power transmission member.

In addition, the sensor unit is installed in a position adjacent to the blade in water to measure an approach flow velocity applied to the blade, water temperature, water depth, water level, etc., and may be configured with one or more sensor modules for each measurement object.

The calculation device calculates a predicted power generation amount based on input data input to the setting unit and sensing data output from the sensor unit.

In addition, the system of the present invention is connected to the power generation device and the calculation device through a wired or wireless communication network to input administrator settings and commands, or information calculated and provided by the calculation device, for example, real-time power generation information of the power generation device. It may further include a manager terminal that receives event information for determining whether there is an abnormality, as well as a predicted generation amount calculated by the calculation device, and monitors it at a remote location.

1 to 15 are diagrams showing results according to an experimental example of the system of the present invention, and FIG. 16 is a diagram showing calculation of a relational expression between independent dimensionless numbers obtained through dimensional analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention. And FIG. 17 is a graph showing a comparison graph between a design formula and an experimental power generation amount according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 18 is a graph showing a power generation amount according to an increase in the acquisition depth for each aberration diameter using the design formula according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Meanwhile, the calculation device according to an embodiment of the present invention may calculate a predicted power generation amount through experimental examples and design formulas described below.

First, the calculation device calculates a design equation based on the result of a mathematical model experiment based on the similarity law. In this case, the similarity law may be defined through Equations 1 to 5 below.

① The ratio of the diameter (L) of the aberration and the depth of access to the blade (d) is defined by Equation 1 below.

)와 블레이드 입수 깊이(d)의 비는 아래 수학식 2에 의해 정의된다.② Angular velocity (

) And the blade acquisition depth (d) is defined by Equation 2 below.

) 및 블레이드 입수 깊이(d)의 비는 아래 수학식 3에 의해 정의된다.③ Flow velocity (V) and angular velocity (

) And the blade entry depth (d) are defined by Equation 3 below.

④ The power ratio (P) of the prototype and the model is defined by Equation 4 below.

⑤ The torque ratio (T) of the prototype and the model is defined by Equation 5 below.

And in the hydraulic model experiment, the experimental condition of the prototype is 4.05 ~ 7.47 m/s, the diameter of the aberration is 11.94 ~ 26.67 m, the depth of the blade is 1.39 ~ 3 m, and the experimental condition of the model is the similarity law. Based on this, the approach flow velocity is 1.12 m/s, the diameter of the aberration is 0.6 m, and the depth of entry of the blade of the aberration is set to 4.5 to 9.9 cm.

Experimental Example 1

In this experimental example, when the number of blades is 4, 8, or 12 in the same condition as the approach flow rate and the depth of entry, how the number of revolutions per minute of the applied aberration is affected, that is, the change in the number of revolutions per minute of the aberration according to the change in the number of blades. This is an experiment to look at.

First, according to this experimental example, the number of blades of a flat, curved, and bucket type was changed at an inlet depth of 6 cm and an inflow flow rate of 1.12 m/s, and the number of revolutions per minute and power generation were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1 below. As shown.

In the above-described hydraulic model experiment, the maximum number of flat and curved blades was 12 and 8 for the bucket type due to the limitation in manufacturing aberrations.

As shown in Fig. 1, as the number of blades increases, the number of revolutions per minute tends to increase. In particular, when the number of blades is 4, aberrations and water surface are determined according to the height of the hub and the length of the blade for mounting the blades on the vertical axis. It can be seen that this non-contact time occurs, and the efficiency is significantly lowered.

When the blade is received, the receiving area is maximized at a position perpendicular to the water surface, and at this time, the total water pressure is generated to the maximum, causing the maximum angular velocity to occur. Therefore, in the aberration in which a large number of blades is applied, the sum of the total hydraulic pressure acting on each of the obtained blades is maximized and the number of revolutions per minute increases.

This result can be described as an area in which the blade of the aberration is subjected to pressure by the flow velocity. The rotational speed (angular speed) of the aberration is not constant, and it vibrates according to the angle of entry of the blade.

On the other hand, assuming that the blade acquisition depth of the circular aberration is 2 m under the above experimental conditions, the variables shown in Table 2 below can be calculated by the similarity rule.

The graph shown in FIG. 2 shows an estimated amount of power generation according to a change in the number of blades in the case of a circular aberration having a diameter of 20 m.

In addition, assuming that the circular approach flow velocity is 5 m/s under the above experimental conditions, the variables shown in Table 3 below can be calculated by the similarity rule.

The graph shown in FIG. 3 shows an estimated amount of power generation according to a change in the number of blades in the case of a circular aberration under a flow rate condition of 5 m/s.

Experimental Example 2

This experimental example is an experiment to examine how the number of revolutions per minute of each applied aberration is affected when the number of blades is changed in the same condition, that is, the number of revolutions per minute of aberrations according to the change in the inlet depth of the blades to be.

First, according to this experimental example, the height of the hub for mounting the blades on the vertical axis in the state that the channel type and the aberration type are kept constant (bucket type/curved type, number of blades 8) is 44.6, 46.2, 48.2, 50.0 cm. Each was varied to adjust the depth of entry of the blade.

The number of revolutions per minute and power generation were measured under these experimental conditions, and the results are shown in Table 4 below and the graph of FIG. 4.

Assuming that the receiving depth of the circle is 2 m under the above experimental conditions, the variables shown in Table 5 below can be calculated by the similarity rule.

The graph shown in FIG. 5 shows the estimated power generation amount of circular aberration according to the diameter of the aberration at a blade depth of 2 m.

In addition, assuming that the circular approach velocity is 5 m/s under the above experimental conditions, the variables shown in Table 6 below can be calculated by the similarity rule.

The graph shown in FIG. 6 shows the estimated amount of power generation according to the blade entry depth of the circular aberration under the condition of 5 m/s flow rate.

Experimental Example 3

This experimental example is an experiment to examine how the number of revolutions per minute of the applied aberration is affected when the reduction ratio of the aberration and the generator changes under the same condition as the number and shape of the blades, that is, the change in revolutions per minute of the aberration according to the change in the reduction ratio. to be.

According to this experimental example, it was carried out under the condition of installing 12 curved blades, which were shown to have good power generation efficiency in the previous experimental example, and the hub heights of the aberrations were 44.6 and 46.2 for two pulleys having a reduction ratio of 1:3 and 1:5. , 48.2 and 50.0 cm, respectively, and the number of revolutions per minute and power generation were measured while varying the depth of entry of the blade.

The results of this experimental example are shown in Table 7 below, and the graph of FIG. 7 shows the change in revolutions per minute according to the depth of entry of the blades for each reduction ratio with reference to Table 7.

Assuming that the receiving depth of the circle is 2 m under the above experimental conditions, the variables shown in Table 8 below can be calculated by the similarity rule.

The graph shown in FIG. 8 shows the estimated power generation amount of circular aberration according to the diameter of the aberration at a blade depth of 2 m.

In addition, assuming that the circular approach velocity is 5 m/s under the above experimental conditions, the variables shown in Table 9 below can be calculated according to the similarity rule.

And the graph shown in FIG. 9 shows the estimated power generation amount according to the blade access depth for each reduction ratio of the circular aberration under the condition of 5 m/s flow rate.

Experimental Example 4

This experimental example looks at how the number of rotations per minute of each applied aberration is affected when the approach flow rate applied to the blades is changed under the same condition as the number and shape of the blades. It is an experiment for.

According to this experimental example, it was carried out under the condition of installing 12 curved blades that were shown to have good power generation efficiency in the previous experimental example, and the height of the hub of the aberration was changed to 44.6, 46.2, 48.2, and 50.0 cm, respectively, so that the intake depth of the blade was changed. While making changes, the number of revolutions per minute and power generation were measured with flow rates of 1.12 and 0.9 m/s.

The results of this experimental example are shown in Table 10 below, and in the graph of FIG. 10, the change in revolutions per minute according to the depth of entry of the blade for each flow rate condition is shown with reference to Table 10.

Assuming that the water depth of the circle is 2 m under the above experimental conditions, the variables shown in Table 11 below can be calculated according to the similarity rule.

The graph shown in FIG. 11 shows the estimated power generation amount of the circular aberration according to the approach velocity for each diameter of the aberration at a blade depth of 2 m.

In addition, assuming that the circular approach velocity is 5 m/s under the above experimental conditions, the variables shown in Table 12 below can be calculated by the similarity rule.

In addition, the graph shown in FIG. 12 shows the change in the estimated amount of power generation according to the depth of entry of the blades for each diameter of the circular aberration under the condition of a 5 m/s flow rate.

Experimental Example 5

This experimental example is an experiment to see how the number of revolutions per minute of each applied aberration is affected when the weight applied to the aberration is changed under the same condition as the number and shape of the blades, that is, the change in the number of revolutions per minute of the aberration according to the weight change. to be.

According to this experimental example, it was carried out under the condition of installing 12 curved blades that were shown to have good power generation efficiency in the previous experimental example, and the blade was obtained by adding 1.6 kg of weight to the aberration while a flow rate of 0.9 m/s was applied. The number of revolutions per minute and power generation per depth were measured.

The results of this experimental example are shown in Table 13 below, and in the graph of FIG. 13, the change in the number of revolutions per minute according to the receiving depth of the blade for each weight is shown with reference to Table 13.

Assuming that the depth of acquisition of the circle is 2 m under the above experimental conditions, the variables shown in Table 14 can be calculated according to the similarity rule.

The graph shown in FIG. 14 shows the relationship between the diameter of the aberration by weight and the estimated power generation amount of the circular aberration at a blade depth of 2 m.

In addition, assuming that the circular approach velocity is 5 m/s under the above experimental conditions, the variables shown in Table 15 below can be calculated according to the similarity rule.

In addition, the graph shown in FIG. 15 shows the change in the intake depth of the blade and the estimated power generation amount for each weight of the circular aberration under the condition of a 5 m/s flow rate.

Calculation of the design formula

The function of hydroelectric power generation having a partially ingested blade structure in a river, etc., has a representative physical quantity having a hydrodynamic relationship as shown in Equation 6 below, and at this time, the total physical quantity required for hydroelectric power generation is 6, and the basic dimension number is 3. Can have.

Where, P: power generation [W]

V: Approach flow velocity [m/s]

D: diameter of aberration [m]

d: depth of ingestion [m]

: 각속도[rpm]

: Angular speed [rpm]

,

를 선택하였고, 종속변수는 P, V, d로 선택하여 주어진 물리량의 함수 관계는 아래의 수학식 7과 같이 무차원수의 함수로 나타내었다. In Equation 6, the repeating variable is D,

,

Was selected, and the dependent variables were selected as P, V, and d, and the functional relationship of the given physical quantity was expressed as a function of a dimensionless number as shown in Equation 7 below.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the calculation of a relational expression between independent non-dimensional numbers obtained through dimensional analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention. The non-dimensional numbers obtained through dimensional analysis using'Buckingham Pi theorem (Buckingham Pi theorem) The relationship between each dimensionless number can be obtained as an empirical formula by performing regression analysis using the values obtained through the experiment.

That is, the correlation of each independent dimensionless number appears in the regression analysis of FIG. 16, which can lead to Equations 8 and 9 below.

의 관계는 수학식 8과 같이 도출될 수 있다.First, in the regression analysis using the results of the mathematical model in Fig. 16(a), V, D, d,

The relationship of can be derived as in Equation 8.

의 관계는 수학식 9와 같이 도출될 수 있다.And in the regression analysis using the results of the mathematical model in Fig. 16(b), P, D, d,

The relationship of can be derived as in Equation 9.

As described above, a design equation for estimating power generation can be obtained through the relational equation between each independent dimensionless number calculated through the mathematical model experiment.

Specifically, the design variables for calculating the power generation amount P of the aberration are the approach flow velocity, the depth of access to the blade, and the diameter of the entire aberration, so the left side of the design equation is the power generation amount P, and the right side is summarized as V, D, and d.

와

의 관계를 이용하여 수리모형실험 결과를 이용하여 아래 수학식 10과 같은 각속도 산정식을 유도할 수 있다.Non-dimensional number including the independent variable of Equation 8

Wow

The angular velocity calculation equation as shown in Equation 10 below can be derived using the result of the mathematical model experiment by using the relationship of.

와

의 관계로부터 아래 수학식 11과 같이 발전량 추정식을 유도할 수 있다.In addition, another non-dimensional number containing the independent variable of Equation 9

Wow

From the relationship of, it is possible to derive the power generation estimation equation as shown in Equation 11 below.

를 대입하면 발전량 P를 추정하기 위한 설계식을 산정할 수 있는 바, 그 설계식은 아래 수학식 12와 같다.Angular velocity calculated in Equation 10 prior to Equation 11

Substituting for, the design formula for estimating the power generation P can be calculated, and the design formula is shown in Equation 12 below.

However, since the width of the aberration used in the mathematical model experiment is 0.05 m, this can be converted into the amount of power generation per unit width (the amount of power generation of the aberration 1 m width) as shown in Equation 13 below.

If Equation 13 is generalized and summarized into an equation for estimating the amount of power generation that can take into account the width of various aberrations, Equation 14 is given below.

Where, P: power generation [W]

C ₀ : Water turbine power generation constant; However, C ₀ =8.893×10 ^-7

C _d : Power generation correction factor for aberration diameter and depth ratio;

only,

: 물의 밀도; 단, 20℃ 상태에서의 물의 밀도

: Density of water; However, the density of water at 20℃

V: Approach flow velocity [m/s]

D: diameter of aberration [m]

d: depth of ingestion [m]

b: blade width [m]

A _d : the receiving area of the blade [㎡]; However, A _d =bd

In addition, the annual generation amount or monthly generation amount estimation equation can be derived by using the aberration power generation amount estimating equation of Equation 14, and the derived annual generation amount or monthly generation amount estimation equation is shown in Equation 15 below.

Here, W: Estimated power generation (Wh/month for monthly power generation calculation, Wh/year for annual power generation calculation)

C _H : Calculation constant for development months;

However, in the case of monthly power generation calculation, C _H = 1/H _m (here, H _m : power generation month [month])

In the case of annual power generation calculation, C _H = 1/H _y (here, H _y : development years [years])

H _h : Daily average power generation time [hr]

H _d : Total development days in one year [days]

However, when calculating monthly power generation, if hydroelectric power is performed for 30 days, H _d = 30 days

When calculating the annual power generation, H _d = 365 days in case of hydroelectric power generation for one year (12 months)

Verification of design formula

In order to verify the design formula calculated as described above, the power generation amount of the curved aberration (12 blades) having a reduction ratio of 1:5 used in the experimental example was compared with the power generation amount calculated through the design formula.

In addition, a total of 21 cases were analyzed including the amount of power generation that can be known through the similarity law of the experiment. As shown in FIG. 17, the estimated amount of power generation R ² is 0.9882, showing a very high correlation, and the power generation amount can be simulated. However, since estimates tend to be overestimated, sufficient efficiency factors must be considered.

FIG. 18 is a graph showing the result of estimating the amount of power generation according to the depth (d) of the aberration of 20 m and 30 m in diameter to which a reduction ratio of 1:5 is applied. Assuming that the approaching flow velocity (V) of the aberration is always maintained at a flow condition of 3.0 m/s using the increasing device, the amount of hydroelectric power generation was estimated using Equation 13 as shown in FIG. 18.

And Figure 18 assumes that the aberration rotates from when the d/D ratio of the intake depth and the aberration diameter is 0.1, and the annual power generation amount estimation result according to the intake depth d of the aberration of 20 m and 30 m in diameter to which a reduction ratio of 1:5 is applied According to this, it was found that the aberration of 30 m diameter under the condition of the maximum water supply depth of 5 m can produce about 52 GWh of electric power per year using Equation 14 above.

In addition, when converted to the monthly average power generation using Equation 14, about 4,375,581 kWh/month of electricity can be produced, which is equivalent to the amount of electricity that can run about 120,000 general household refrigerators having a monthly electricity consumption of 35 kWh/month. It corresponds.

As shown in the results of Fig. 18, if the total diameter of the aberration is maintained at 4 m or more of the depth of entry of the blade, it can be confirmed that the power production of the aberration diameter of 20 m aberration increases significantly more than the 30 m aberration diameter, but the acquisition depth If the condition is less than 4 m, it can be confirmed that a more constant and stable hydroelectric power generation is possible with a 30 m aberration diameter.

)가 1.2 kg/m³이나 물의 밀도(

)는 998 kg/m³으로써 831.6배이다. 따라서 풍력발전은 수력발전에 비해 블레이드 전면 면적에 공기의 전압력이 작용해야 하지만 수력의 경우 수차의 블레이드 작용면이 작아도 동일한 전압력이 작용하게 되는 바, 발전 효과가 동일함을 알 수 있다. In the case of ordinary wind power generation, the density of air at 20℃ (

) Is 1.2 kg/m ³ but the density of water (

) Is 998 kg/m ^3, which is 831.6 times. Therefore, in wind power generation, compared to hydroelectric power generation, the voltage force of air must act on the front surface area of the blade, but in the case of hydropower, the same voltage force acts even if the blade action surface of the aberration is small, and it can be seen that the power generation effect is the same.

In other words, the power that can be obtained from the vertical axis fully ingested propeller wind turbine or tidal current turbine power operating in a state where the entire blade area is completely immersed in the fluid (Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, 2015; Jinyoung Lim, 2011) is Equation 16 below. Same as

Here, A _t : rotation area of the blade[m ² ]

V: Wind speed or flow velocity of running water to the blade [m/s]

: 공기 밀도 또는 물의 밀도[kg/m³]

: Air density or water density [kg/m ³ ]

C _p : Power factor of the generator

However, when dominated by wind speed, C _pmax is 0.593 (Bergey, 1980) at the maximum, and is called the Betz limit. Therefore, it usually ranges from 0.35 to 0.45.

However, in the case of hydroelectric power generation having a partially-receiving blade structure as in the system of the present invention, most of the blades are exposed to the air, but a part of the blades is obtained underwater, such as a river, so that the water due to the ratio of the blade intake depth to the total blade depth The amount of rotational torque is generated by the total water pressure, so that the amount of power can be effectively produced as shown in Equation 14 below.

Therefore, in the system of the present invention having a partially-receiving blade structure, it can be confirmed that the ratio'd/D' of the inlet depth of the blade to the diameter of the aberration is a very important variable.

In addition, through the above experimental examples, it can be seen that the shape of the blade is the same or slightly improved in the amount of power generation in the curved type than in the bucket type, and is relatively more than the bucket type blade, which may be limited spatially when the same number of blades are installed. Since the installation of the curved blade is advantageous and easy to manufacture, the blade of the aberration according to an embodiment of the present invention is preferably configured in a curved shape in which a valley is formed on one surface opposite to the direction in which water flows.

In addition, as in the verification results of the previous experimental example, when the inlet depth of the blade is 4 m or less, a 30 m aberration with a relatively large aberration diameter is required, but when the inlet depth of the blade is 4 m or more, a 20 m aberration with a small number diameter is also required. It was confirmed that a larger electric power is produced than a 30 m diameter aberration, and since the depth of water that can be maintained according to the river sulfur has a large annual variation depending on the normal and wind season, in the system of the present invention, the diameter of the aberration and the depth of the blade It is preferable that an adjustment means capable of variably adjusting the is provided.

For example, the aberration is a first variable stage for adjusting the depth of access of the blade by varying the distance between the water surface and the hub, and a second variable stage for adjusting the total diameter of the aberration by varying the length of the blade from the hub. By further including means, and by actively varying the appearance of the aberrations in the river sulfur, the optimum power generation environment can be provided, thereby further improving the hydroelectric power generation efficiency.

That is, in the river depth corresponding to the relatively flat water in which the river depth is kept below 4 m, the blades of the aberration are expanded to have a large diameter to perform hydroelectric power generation. This is because the total water pressure acting on the blade is relatively small because the depth of penetration of the blade is relatively small, but the rotation radius of the aberration is increased and the total torque amount is large, so that the amount of power generation can be increased. However, at a depth of 4 m or more, the increased voltage force acts more predominantly as the depth of penetration of the blade becomes larger than the turning radius of the power generation amount, and thus the power generation amount of the aberration can be obtained larger.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable to automatically implement the variable operation of the first variable stage and the second variable stage by an electric signal.

To this end, the first variable stage and the second variable stage may each be provided with a motor, and the power generation device generates and outputs a control signal for controlling the operation of the electric device of the first variable stage and the second variable stage. It may include a control unit.

In particular, the control unit of the power generation device receives information on the predicted generation amount calculated by the calculation device or depth information measured by the sensor unit, and selectively controls the variable operation of the first variable stage or the second variable stage based on this. May be.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and improvements by those skilled in the art using the basic concept of the present invention defined in the following claims are also present. It belongs to the scope of rights of

Claims (6)

In the hydroelectric power generation system having a partially retractable blade structure,
A power generation device including a water wheel including a plurality of blades radially disposed on the outer periphery of a vertical axis installed to be rotatable in a horizontal direction with respect to the flow direction of flowing water, and configured to submerge a part of the blades to a predetermined depth in water; And
And a setting unit for inputting the design resources of the aberration and the depth of access of the blade, and a sensor unit installed adjacent to the aberration and measuring and outputting a flow velocity, and data input to the setting unit and data output from the sensor unit Hydroelectric power generation system of a partially ingested blade structure capable of predicting the amount of power generation comprising; a calculation device for calculating the predicted power generation amount through [Equation 1] below, which is predefined based on the following.
[Equation 1]

Here, (P: power generation [W])
C ₀ : Water turbine power generation constant; However, C ₀ =8.893×10 ^-7
C _d : Power generation correction factor for aberration diameter and depth ratio;
only,

: Density of water; However, the density of water at 20℃

V: Approach flow velocity [m/s]
D: diameter of aberration [m]
d: depth of ingestion [m]
b: blade width [m]
A _d : the receiving area of the blade [㎡]; (However, A _d =bd)
The method of claim 1,
The calculation device,
Hydroelectric power generation system of partial intake blade structure capable of predicting power generation, characterized in that the annual or monthly predicted power generation amount is calculated through the predefined [Equation 2] below.
[Equation 2]

Here, (W: Estimated power generation (Wh/month for monthly power generation calculation, Wh/year for annual power generation calculation)
C _H : Calculation constant for development months;
However, in the case of monthly power generation calculation, C _H = 1/H _m (here, H _m : power generation month [month])
In the case of annual power generation calculation, C _H = 1/H _y (here, H _y : development years [years])
H _h : Daily average power generation time [hr]
H _d : Total development days in one year [days]
(However, when calculating monthly power generation, if hydroelectric power is performed for 30 days, H _d = 30 days
When calculating annual power generation, in case of hydroelectric power generation for one year (12 months), H _d = 365 days)
The method of claim 2,
The aberration is,
The blade is mounted along the axial direction of the vertical axis, further comprising a hub for integrally interlocking the vertical axis with the blade, and a first variable end for adjusting the depth of the blade by varying the separation distance between the water surface and the hub Hydroelectric power generation system of a partial intake blade structure capable of predicting the amount of power generation, characterized in that.
The method of claim 3,
The aberration is,
Hydroelectric power generation system of a partially-receivable blade structure capable of predicting generation amount, characterized in that it further comprises a second variable stage for adjusting the total diameter of the aberration by varying the length of the blade from the hub.
The method of claim 4,
The power generation device,
Partially ingestible blade capable of predicting the amount of power generation, characterized in that it further comprises a control unit for receiving information on the predicted generation amount calculated by the calculation device and selectively controlling the variable operation of the first variable stage or the second variable stage based on this Structure of hydroelectric power system.
The method of claim 2,
The blade,
Hydroelectric power generation system of a partially ingestible blade structure capable of predicting power generation, characterized in that it is configured in a curved shape in which a valley is formed on one surface opposite to the direction in which water flows.

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