KR102192918B1 - Hole transport layer comprising metal oxide layer, perovskite solar cell comprising same, and method of preparing same - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a hole transport layer including a metal oxide layer, a perovskite solar cell including the same, and a method of manufacturing the same. The hole transport layer may include a first metal oxide layer including a first metal oxide; And an organic layer formed on the first metal oxide layer and including a hole transport organic material, and is uniform and does not generate pinholes. Since the perovskite solar cell includes the hole transport layer, it is possible to improve the efficiency, reproducibility and stability of the device by preventing moisture input through pinholes, diffusion of organic perovskite components, and direct contact with the electrode. .

Description

A hole transport layer including a metal oxide layer, a perovskite solar cell including the same, and a method of manufacturing the same

The present invention relates to a hole transport layer including a metal oxide layer, a perovskite solar cell including the same, and a method for manufacturing the same, and in particular, comprising a hole transport organic material on a metal oxide layer including a metal oxide By forming an organic layer, it relates to a dense hole transport layer that is uniform and does not have pinholes, a perovskite solar cell including the same, and a method of manufacturing the same.

At the present time when interest in new and renewable energy is rising around the world, organic-inorganic composite perovskite solar cells that have various advantages as future energy and report usable efficiency are attracting attention.

Perovskite solar cells have a structure in which perovskite is sandwiched between an anode and a cathode. For more efficient charge transfer, a charge transfer layer (electron transfer layer and hole transfer layer) is used between each electrode, and the most commonly used perovskite solar cell is transparent electrode/electron transfer layer/perovskite. /Hole transport layer/metal electrode structure.

Perovskite refers to the lattice structure of ABX _{3. In} particular, it is a material with a complex structure of organic, inorganic and halogen elements. It has a high absorption rate in the visible region, can move both electrons and holes, and exhibits high mobility. Due to this characteristic, perovskite solar cells have reported an efficiency of up to 24%, but perovskite is easily decomposed by external factors (moisture, heat, light, etc.), so solar cells are manufactured using this. However, there is a disadvantage in that the stability of the solar cell is low.

In order to solve this problem, various polymers having high hole mobility have been developed, but they have not been widely used due to difficulties in synthesis and poor reproducibility for each synthesis.

Accordingly, there is an urgent need to develop a hole transport layer capable of solving the performance degradation and stability problems of perovskite solar cells.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, and to provide an organic-inorganic composite solar cell including a dense hole transport layer that is uniform and does not have pinholes.

In addition, it is to provide a method of manufacturing a perovskite solar cell with improved device characteristics, performance reproducibility and stability.

According to an aspect of the present invention, a first metal oxide layer including a first metal oxide; And an organic layer formed on the first metal oxide layer and including a hole transport organic material.

In addition, the first metal oxide may include a p-type metal oxide or a non-conductor metal oxide.

In addition, the first metal oxide may be a porous metal oxide.

In addition, the first metal oxide may include at least one selected from the group consisting of WO ₃ , MgO, Al ₂ O ₃ and SiO ₂ .

In addition, the hole transport organic material may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of Spiro-OMeTAD, P3HT, P3AT, P3OT, PEDOT:PSS, PTAA, conductive polymer, donor-acceptor type conductive material, and porphyrin-based material. I can.

In addition, the organic layer further includes at least one doping material selected from the group consisting of Li-TFSI, Co(II) PF ₆ , 4-tert-butyl pyridine (tBP), AgTFSI, and CuI can do.

In addition, the modified hole transport layer may be used for the hole transport layer of a perovskite solar cell.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the second electrode; An electron transport layer formed on the second electrode and including a second metal oxide; A photoactive layer formed on the electron transport layer and comprising a perovskite material; A first metal oxide layer formed on the photoactive layer and including a first metal oxide; And an organic layer formed on the first metal oxide layer and including a hole transport organic material. And there is provided a perovskite solar cell comprising a; and a first electrode formed on the organic layer.

In addition, the second electrode is indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine tin oxide (FTO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium zinc tin oxide (IZTO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), indium tin oxide-silver- Indium tin oxide (ITO-Ag-ITO), indium zinc oxide-silver-indium zinc oxide (IZO-Ag-IZO), indium zinc tin oxide-silver-indium zinc tin oxide (IZTO-Ag-IZTO) and aluminum zinc oxide -Silver-aluminum zinc oxide (AZO-Ag-AZO) may contain at least one selected from the group consisting of.

In addition, the second metal oxide may include an n-type metal oxide.

In addition, the n-type metal oxide may include at least one selected from the group consisting of ZnO, TiO ₂ , SnO ₂ , MgO, Al ₂ O ₃ and SiO ₂ .

In addition, the perovskite material is CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI _{3 - x} Cl _x (real number of 0≦ _x ≦ ₃ ), CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI _3-x Br _x (real number of 0≦ _x ≦ ₃ ), CH ₃ NH ₃ PbCl _{3 - x} Br _x (real number 0≤x≤3), CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI _{3 -x} F _x (real number 0≤x≤3), NH ₂ CH=NH ₂ PbI _{3 - x} Cl _x (real number 0≤x≤3), NH ₂ CH=NH ₂ PbI _{3 - x} Br _x (real number 0≤x≤3), NH ₂ CH=NH ₂ PbCl _{3 - x} Br _x (0≤x≤ 3), NH ₂ CH=NH ₂ PbI _{3 - x} F _x (real number 0≤x≤3), Cs _x (MA _0.17 FA _0.83 ) _(1-x) Pb(I _0.83 Br _0.17 ) ₃ (0 Real number of ≤x≤1) and Cs _k (NH ₂ CH=NH ₂ PbI ₃ ) _{(1-k- x)} (CH ₃ NH ₃ PbBr ₃ ) _x (real number of 0≤k≤0.3, 0≤x≤1 -k may include at least one selected from the group consisting of.

In addition, the perovskite solar cell may further include a substrate on the second electrode in a direction opposite to a direction facing the electron transport layer.

In addition, the substrate may include a conductive transparent substrate or a plastic substrate.

In addition, the first electrode may include at least one selected from the group consisting of Ag, Au, Pt, Ni, Cu, In, Ru, Pd, Rh, Ir, Os, C, and conductive polymers.

According to another aspect of the present invention, (a) forming an electron transport layer including a second metal oxide on the second electrode; (b) coating a solution containing a perovskite precursor on the electron transport layer; (c) forming a photoactive layer including a perovskite material by heat treating the perovskite precursor coating layer coated on the electron transport layer; (d) forming a first metal oxide layer including a first metal oxide on the photoactive layer; (e) forming an organic layer including a hole transport organic material on the first metal oxide layer; And (f) forming a first electrode on the organic layer; there is provided a method of manufacturing a perovskite solar cell comprising a.

In addition, at least one selected from the group consisting of steps (a), (b), (d), (e) and (f) may be performed in a solution process.

In addition, the solution process may include at least one selected from the group consisting of spin coating, spray coating, inkjet printing, and dip coating.

The hole transport layer of the present invention can be uniformly and densely manufactured without pinholes by forming an organic layer containing a hole transport organic material on a metal oxide layer containing a metal oxide.

In addition, since the perovskite solar cell of the present invention includes the hole transport layer, it is possible to prevent the introduction of moisture through the pinhole, diffusion of the organic perovskite component to the outside, and direct contact with the electrode. And stability can be improved.

Since these drawings are for reference only to explain exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the technical idea of the present invention should not be limited to the accompanying drawings.
1 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a hole transport layer formed on a photoactive layer of a perovskite solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view of a perovskite solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 shows SEM images of the surface and side surfaces of the hole transport layer before electrode deposition during the manufacturing process of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.
4 is a current density-voltage curve measuring the driving efficiency of the perovskite solar cells manufactured according to Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.
5 is a result of evaluating the stability of perovskite solar cells manufactured according to Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those of ordinary skill in the art may easily implement the present invention.

However, the following description is not intended to limit the present invention to a specific embodiment, and in describing the present invention, when it is determined that a detailed description of a related known technology may obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted. .

The terms used herein are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In the present application, terms such as "comprise" or "have" are intended to designate the presence of features, numbers, steps, actions, elements, or combinations thereof described in the specification, but one or more other features or It is to be understood that the possibility of the presence or addition of numbers, steps, actions, elements, or combinations thereof is not preliminarily excluded.

In addition, terms including ordinal numbers such as first and second to be used hereinafter may be used to describe various elements, but the elements are not limited by the terms. These terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another component. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, a first element may be referred to as a second element, and similarly, a second element may be referred to as a first element.

In addition, when a component is referred to as being "formed" or "stacked" on another component, it may be formed or stacked by being directly attached to the front surface or one surface on the surface of the other component. It should be understood that there may be more other components in the.

Hereinafter, a hole transport layer including a metal oxide layer of the present invention, a perovskite solar cell including the same, and a method of manufacturing the same will be described in detail. However, this is presented as an example, and the present invention is not limited thereby, and the present invention is only defined by the scope of the claims to be described later.

1 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a hole transport layer formed on a photoactive layer of a perovskite solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the present invention provides a first metal oxide layer including a first metal oxide; And an organic layer formed on the first metal oxide layer and including a hole transport organic material.

In the hole transport layer, the first metal oxide layer acts as a scaffold, so that an organic layer including a hole transport organic material may be uniformly formed without pinholes thereon. In addition, the inclusion of the first metal oxide layer not only helps transport holes, but also has an effect of suppressing a recombination reaction between holes and electrons, thereby improving device performance.

In addition, the first metal oxide may include a p-type metal oxide or a non-conductor metal oxide.

In addition, the first metal oxide may be a porous metal oxide.

In addition, the first metal oxide (p-type metal oxide or non-conductor metal oxide) may include at least one selected from the group consisting of WO ₃ , MgO, Al ₂ O ₃ and SiO ₂ , preferably WO ₃ Can include.

In addition, the hole transport organic material is Spiro-OMeTAD, P3HT, P3AT, P3OT, PEDOT: PSS, PTAA, conductive polymer, donor-acceptor type conductive material, one selected from the group consisting of porphyrin-based materials such as CuPc, ZnPc, etc. The above may be included, and the hole transport organic material may preferably include Spiro-OMeTAD.

In addition, the organic layer further includes at least one doping material selected from the group consisting of Li-TFSI, Co(II) PF ₆ , 4-tert-butyl pyridine (tBP), AgTFSI, and CuI can do.

In addition, the modified hole transport layer may be used for the hole transport layer of a perovskite solar cell.

2 is a cross-sectional view of a perovskite solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 2, the present invention is a second electrode; An electron transport layer formed on the second electrode and including a second metal oxide; A photoactive layer formed on the electron transport layer and comprising a perovskite material; A first metal oxide layer formed on the photoactive layer and including a first metal oxide; And an organic layer formed on the first metal oxide layer and including a hole transport organic material. It provides a perovskite solar cell comprising; and a first electrode formed on the organic layer.

Since the metal oxide layer serves as a scaffold, a uniform hole transport layer without pinholes can be manufactured. Thanks to this, problems caused by pinholes (water injection through the pinhole, external diffusion of organic components in the perovskite, direct contact with the electrode, etc.) can be prevented, which will improve the efficiency, reproducibility and stability of the device. I can. In addition, since the metal oxide acts as a scaffold even when the hole transport layer (the first metal oxide layer and the organic layer) collapses due to external factors such as heat, rapid collapse can be prevented. In addition, even if moisture penetrates the hole transport layer or an additive in the hole transport layer absorbs moisture, the metal oxide acts as a protective layer to block moisture once more on the photoactive layer containing perovskite. Can slow down the rate of efficiency reduction.

In addition, the second electrode is indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine tin oxide (FTO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium zinc tin oxide (IZTO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), indium tin oxide-silver- Indium tin oxide (ITO-Ag-ITO), indium zinc oxide-silver-indium zinc oxide (IZO-Ag-IZO), indium zinc tin oxide-silver-indium zinc tin oxide (IZTO-Ag-IZTO) and aluminum zinc oxide -Silver-aluminum zinc oxide (AZO-Ag-AZO) may include at least one selected from the group consisting of, and preferably may include fluorine tin oxide (FTO).

In addition, the second metal oxide may include an n-type metal oxide.

In addition, the n-type metal oxide may include at least one selected from the group consisting of ZnO, TiO ₂ , SnO ₂ , MgO, Al ₂ O ₃ and SiO ₂ , and preferably SnO ₂ .

In addition, the electron transport layer may be formed of a double layer of the second metal oxide.

In addition, the electron transport layer may include a fullerene-based organic material.

In addition, the perovskite material is CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI _{3 - x} Cl _x (real number of 0≦ _x ≦ ₃ ), CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI _3-x Br _x (real number of 0≦ _x ≦ ₃ ), CH ₃ NH ₃ PbCl _{3 - x} Br _x (real number 0≤x≤3), CH ₃ NH ₃ PbI _{3 - x} F _x (real number 0≤x≤3), NH ₂ CH=NH ₂ PbI _{3 - x} Cl _x (real number 0≤x≤3), NH ₂ CH=NH ₂ PbI _{3 - x} Br _x (real number 0≤x≤3), NH ₂ CH=NH ₂ PbCl _{3 - x} Br _x (0≤x≤ 3), NH ₂ CH=NH ₂ PbI _{3 - x} F _x (real number 0≤x≤3), Cs _x (MA _0.17 FA _0.83 ) _(1-x) Pb(I _0.83 Br _0.17 ) ₃ (0 Real number of ≤x≤1) and Cs _k (NH ₂ CH=NH ₂ PbI ₃ ) _{(1-k- x)} (CH ₃ NH ₃ PbBr ₃ ) _x (real number of 0≤k≤0.3, 0≤x≤1 -k is a real number), may include one or more selected from the group consisting of, preferably Cs _k (NH ₂ CH=NH ₂ PbI ₃ ) _(1-kx) (CH ₃ NH ₃ PbBr ₃ ) _x (0 May include a real number of ≤k≦0.3, a real number of 0≦x≦1-k), and more preferably Cs _{0 .05} (NH ₂ CH=NH ₂ PbI ₃ ) _{0.95- x} (CH ₃ NH ₃ PbBr ₃ ) may include _x (real number of ₀ ≦ _x ≦0.95), and more preferably Cs _{0 .05} (NH ₂ CH=NH ₂ PbI ₃ ) _0.79 (CH ₃ NH ₃ PbBr ₂ ) _0.16 can do.

In addition, the perovskite solar cell may further include a substrate on the second electrode in a direction opposite to a direction facing the electron transport layer.

In addition, the substrate may include a conductive transparent substrate or a plastic substrate.

In addition, the first electrode may include at least one selected from the group consisting of Ag, Au, Pt, Ni, Cu, In, Ru, Pd, Rh, Ir, Os, C, and a conductive polymer, preferably It may contain Au.

The present invention includes the steps of: (a) forming an electron transport layer including a second metal oxide on a second electrode; (b) coating a solution containing a perovskite precursor on the electron transport layer; (c) forming a photoactive layer including a perovskite material by heat treating the perovskite precursor coating layer coated on the electron transport layer; (d) forming a first metal oxide layer including a first metal oxide on the photoactive layer; (e) forming an organic layer including a hole transport organic material on the first metal oxide layer; And (f) forming a first electrode on the organic layer; provides a method of manufacturing a perovskite solar cell comprising a.

In addition, at least one selected from the group consisting of steps (a), (b), (d), (e) and (f) may be performed in a solution process.

In addition, the solution process may include at least one selected from the group consisting of spin coating, spray coating, inkjet printing, and dip coating, and preferably includes spin coating.

[Example]

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described. However, this is for illustrative purposes, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

Example One

As a substrate, an FTO-coated glass was etched using zinc powder and 2M hydrochloric acid, and the substrate was washed successively with a diluted detergent, deionized water, acetone, and isopropyl alcohol (IPA), and then dried.

SnCl _{2 ㆍ} SnO ₂ dissolved in 112.8 mg of H ₂ O in 5 mL ethanol After UV ozone treatment of the precursor solution, the dried substrate was spin-coated at 2,000 rpm for 60 seconds and heat-treated at 200° C. for 30 minutes to form a SnO ₂ electron transport layer of about 50 nm.

1M of NH ₂ CH=NH ₂ I (Formamidinium Iodide, FAI), 1.1M of PbI ₂ , 0.2M of CH ₃ NH ₃ Br (Methylamine Bromide, MABr), 0.22M of PbBr ₂ with dimethylformamide (DMF) Dissolve dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in 1 ml of a 4:1 volume ratio and mix the solution with 1.5M CsI using dimethyl sulfoxide as a solvent at a volume ratio of 95:1, and Cs _0.05 (FAPbI ₃ ) _0.79 (MAPbBr ₃ ) _{A 0.16} perovskite precursor solution was prepared.

The perovskite precursor solution was spin-coated on the electron transport layer at 1,000 rpm for 10 seconds and 6,000 rpm for 20 seconds, and chlorobenzene was sprayed 5 seconds before the end of the spin coating. Next, heat treatment was performed at 100° C. for 45 minutes to form a photoactive layer of about 500 nm having a perovskite structure.

A solution of tungsten oxide (WO ₃ ) dispersed in isopropyl alcohol (IPA) at 2.5% by weight purchased from Nanograde was spin-coated on the photoactive layer at 2,000 rpm for 20 seconds, and isopropyl alcohol was applied at 80°C for 5 minutes. Evaporation to form a metal oxide layer. Li-TFSI (sigma-Aldrich) 35.0mM, 4-tert-butyl pyridine, tBP, sigma-Aldrich 231mM and FK209 Co(II) PF ₆ as a dopant in Spiro-MeOTAD (Merck KGaA) Spiro-MeOTAD solution prepared by adding a solution of 2.42mM in chlorobenzene was spin-coated on the metal oxide layer at 5,000 rpm for 30 seconds to form an organic layer to form a hole transport layer including a metal oxide layer and an organic layer I did.

Then ¹⁰ by depositing a Au electrode in a vacuum chamber having a vacuum degree of less than ⁷ torr to about 100㎚ prepare a perovskite solar cells.

Comparative example One

A perovskite solar cell was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a metal oxide layer including tungsten oxide (WO ₃ ) was not formed on the photoactive layer. Accordingly, the perovskite solar cell includes an organic layer containing Spiro-MeOTAD as a hole transport layer.

[Test Example]

Test example 1: precision Transmission layer Manufacturing verification

3A is a result of SEM (scanning electron microscopy) measurement of the surface of the perovskite solar cell prepared according to Comparative Example 1 before depositing the electrode, and (b) is prepared according to Example 1. This is the result of SEM measurement of the surface of the perovskite solar cell before depositing the electrode. Figure 3 (c) is a result of SEM measurement of the hole transport layer (Spiro-MeOTAD) of the perovskite solar cell prepared according to Comparative Example 1, (d) is a perovskite prepared according to Example 1 This is the result of SEM measurement of the hole transport layer (WO ₃ /Spiro-MeOTAD) of the solar cell.

Referring to FIGS. 3A to 3D, it can be seen that in the perovskite solar cell manufactured according to Example 1, the hole transport layer includes a metal oxide layer and is formed uniformly and without pinholes.

Test example 2: Perovskite Solar cell driving efficiency measurement

4A is a current density-voltage curve measuring the driving efficiency of a perovskite solar cell manufactured according to Comparative Example 1, and (b) is a perovskite solar cell manufactured according to Example 1 It is a current density-voltage curve measuring the driving efficiency of. Table 1 below shows the results of comparing the characteristics of the perovskite solar cells manufactured according to Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.

division Optical short current density
(J _SC , mA/cm ² ) Optical open voltage
(V _OC , V) Fill factor
(FF) Energy conversion efficiency
(%) Example 1 23.7 1.17 77.1 21.44 Comparative Example 1 23.5 1.09 77.0 19.66

4 and Table 1, the perovskite solar cell manufactured according to Example 1 exhibited superior driving efficiency than the perovskite solar cell manufactured according to Comparative Example 1, and the optical short-circuit current density, It can be seen that the perovskite solar cell manufactured according to Example 1 was high in both the light open voltage and the fill factor.

In addition, it can be seen that the perovskite solar cell manufactured according to Example 1 exhibits improved efficiency than the perovskite solar cell manufactured according to Comparative Example 1.

Test Example 3: Stability evaluation of perovskite solar cell

5 is a result of evaluating the stability of perovskite solar cells manufactured according to Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. FIG. 5A is a result of evaluating the stability under a general condition of about 20% humidity, (b) the stability under a high temperature condition of 100°C, and (c) the stability under a high humidity condition of 80% or more of humidity.

Referring to FIG. 5, the stability of the perovskite solar cell manufactured according to Example 1 and the perovskite solar cell manufactured according to Comparative Example 1 under general conditions does not show a significant difference, but according to Example 1 It can be seen that the manufactured perovskite solar cell exhibits slightly higher stability. In more extreme conditions, high temperature or high humidity conditions, it can be seen that the perovskite solar cell manufactured according to Example 1 exhibits much better stability than the perovskite solar cell manufactured according to Comparative Example 1.

Accordingly, it can be seen that the perovskite solar cell manufactured according to Example 1 provides excellent stability not only under general conditions, but also under high temperature and high humidity conditions.

The scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims to be described later rather than the detailed description, and all changes or modified forms derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalent concepts should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention. do.

Claims (18)

A second electrode;
An electron transport layer formed on the second electrode and including tin oxide (SnO ₂ );
A photoactive layer formed on the electron transport layer and comprising a perovskite material;
A first metal oxide layer formed on the photoactive layer and including tungsten oxide (WO ₃ ); And
An organic layer formed on the first metal oxide layer and including a hole transport organic material; And
Including; a first electrode formed on the organic layer,
The perovskite material is Cs _k (NH ₂ CH=NH ₂ PbI ₃ ) _(1-kx) (CH ₃ NH ₃ PbBr ₃ ) _x (real number of 0≤k≤0.3, 0≤x≤1-k) Real number), perovskite solar cell. delete delete delete The method of claim 1,
The hole transport organic material is characterized in that it contains at least one selected from the group consisting of Spiro-OMeTAD, P3HT, P3AT, P3OT, PEDOT:PSS, PTAA, conductive polymer, donor-acceptor type conductive material, and porphyrin-based material. Perovskite solar cell. The method of claim 1,
That the organic layer further comprises at least one doping material selected from the group consisting of Li-TFSI, Co(II) PF ₆ , 4-tert-butyl pyridine (tBP), AgTFSI, and CuI Perovskite solar cell characterized by. delete delete The method of claim 1,
The second electrode is indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine tin oxide (FTO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium zinc oxide (IZTO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), indium tin oxide-silver-indium tin Oxide (ITO-Ag-ITO), indium zinc oxide-silver-indium zinc oxide (IZO-Ag-IZO), indium zinc oxide-silver-indium zinc oxide (IZTO-Ag-IZTO) and aluminum zinc oxide-silver -A perovskite solar cell comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of aluminum zinc oxide (AZO-Ag-AZO). delete delete delete The method of claim 1,
The perovskite solar cell, characterized in that the perovskite solar cell further comprises a substrate on the second electrode in a direction opposite to the direction opposite to the electron transport layer. The method of claim 13,
Perovskite solar cell, characterized in that the substrate comprises a conductive transparent substrate or a plastic substrate. The method of claim 1,
Perovskite, characterized in that the first electrode comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of Ag, Au, Pt, Ni, Cu, In, Ru, Pd, Rh, Ir, Os, C, and conductive polymer Solar cell. (a) forming an electron transport layer including tin oxide (SnO ₂ ) on the second electrode;
(b) coating a solution containing a perovskite precursor on the electron transport layer;
(c) forming a photoactive layer including a perovskite material by heat treating the perovskite precursor coating layer coated on the electron transport layer;
(d) forming a first metal oxide layer including tungsten oxide (WO ₃ ) on the photoactive layer;
(e) forming an organic layer including a hole transport organic material on the first metal oxide layer; And
(f) forming a first electrode on the organic layer; Including,
The perovskite material is Cs _k (NH ₂ CH=NH ₂ PbI ₃ ) _(1-kx) (CH ₃ NH ₃ PbBr ₃ ) _x (real number of 0≤k≤0.3, 0≤x≤1-k) The method of manufacturing a perovskite solar cell according to claim 1, including a real number). The method of claim 16,
The method of manufacturing a perovskite solar cell, characterized in that at least one selected from the group consisting of steps (a), (b), (d), (e) and (f) is performed by a solution process. The method of claim 17,
The method of manufacturing a perovskite solar cell, characterized in that the solution process includes at least one selected from the group consisting of spin coating, spray coating, inkjet printing, and dip coating.

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