KR102182200B1 - Method for manufacturing torrefaction of organic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing torrefaction of organic waste, which enables rapid mass production through an optimal medium oil temperature range and reaction speed by automating the torrefaction process of organic waste while miniaturizing the size of a reactor. The method includes a working container storage step of storing a predetermined amount of biomass, which is organic waste, in a working container; a work container transfer step of transferring the work container to a reactor in which heated medium oil is accommodated in a lower portion and an opening/closing door is provided on one side of an upper portion; a lifting part seating step of opening the opening/closing door of the reactor, placing the working container on the lifting part installed inside the reactor, and closing the opening/closing door of the reactor; a medium oil impregnation step of lowering the working container placed in the lifting part to impregnate the medium oil contained in the lower portion of the reactor; a torrefaction step of thermally reacting the biomass stored in the working container with the medium oil to be half-carbonized; and a working container discharging step of lifting the working container placed in the lifting unit to open the opening/closing door of the reactor and then discharging the work container to the outside of the reactor.

Description

Semi-carbonization manufacturing method of organic waste {METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING TORREFACTION OF ORGANIC WASTE}

The present invention relates to a method for semi-carbonizing organic waste by using medium oil as a flammable liquid.

As the demand for alternative energy or non-petroleum-based energy sources has increased due to the growing concern about global warming and resource depletion due to the recent misuse of fossil fuels, the development of a new alternative fuel that lowers the emission of carbon dioxide instead of fossil fuels. The interest in is growing.

In addition, international regulations to respond to climate change are being reinforced around the world, and Korea has established the Framework Act on Green Growth and the National Greenhouse Gas Reduction Target to achieve these goals, the'Greenhouse Gas Energy Target Management System' and'RPS (Renewable Energy). Portfolio Standard) system is being promoted.

Accordingly, research to use biomass as an alternative energy source has been continuously conducted, and currently, domestic and foreign industries are using solid biomass energy sources that are competitive in terms of investment and manufacturing costs compared to energy sources such as solar heat, wind power, and geothermal heat. There is an active movement to use it as a preferred alternative energy source.

The biomass is an organic material obtained from household wastes such as woody biomass obtained from trees, sugar cane, sugar-based biomass obtained from fruit waste, starchy biomass obtained from sweet potatoes, biomass of photosynthetic bacteria, food, etc. It can be classified as waste biomass.

Among them, since lignocellulosic biomass is manufactured in three types of solid, liquid, and gas, and can be used for heat and power transport fuels, most of the research is focused on lignocellulosic biomass.

However, in relation to the environmental pollution problem, while simultaneously solving problems such as landfill space and cost for the treatment of organic wastes brought by sewage sludge, food waste, waste food materials, fish and shellfish, animal debris, etc. Energy conversion technologies using organic waste resources are required.

On the other hand, both the process of manufacturing solid fuel using woody biomass described above, or the process of manufacturing solid fuel using organic waste such as sewage sludge or food waste, remove moisture from the biomass, and have a low heating value of 3,500. Anti-carbonization processes that can satisfy kcal/kg or more are widely used.

As an example of the half-carbonization process, it has been widely used in recent years to change the biomass to a char-like state by slowly heating the lignocellulosic biomass in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen environment at a maximum temperature range of about 300°C, and other biomass Including the semi-carbonization process or drying technology of organic waste, a method using direct heating and indirect heating technology is largely applied.

The direct heating drying technology uses a direct drying method by contact of hot air and sludge in a cylindrical drum, which requires a large-scale deodorization facility due to the large amount of exhaust gas generated, and severe abrasion and corrosion of the facility due to high temperature and high humidity airflow drying. have. In addition, the indirect heating drying technology uses an indirect drying method by steam heat passing through a plurality of cylindrical screens and jackets, and has low drying efficiency, requires a lot of time to remove moisture, and has high energy consumption and low durability.

Accordingly, in recent years, as a method for heating and half-carbonizing biomass, a technique using a medium oil, which is a flammable liquid such as vegetable oil, animal oil, or petroleum-based oil, has emerged in the half-carbonization process. In the semi-carbonization process through such medium oil, firstly, biomass is injected into the heated medium oil, secondly, the heat transferred to the biomass evaporates moisture according to the difference in boiling point and discharges it to the outside, and thirdly, the place where the moisture is discharged is As the heated medium oil is filled, the biomass is dried. Compared to the above-described direct or indirect heating, there is an advantage that drying is completed by half-carbonization of less than about 5% of the moisture content of the biomass at a speed of about 5 times.

For example, ``Method of manufacturing semi-carbonized biomass material using flammable liquid'' in Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-2016-0044477 and ``Semi-carbonization low temperature pyrolysis reactor and production of semi-carbonized solid fuel using the same'' in Patent Publication No. 10-2135705 There's a way. The half-carbonization method using medium oil according to the prior art described above undergoes a half-carbonization process by continuously impregnating the medium oil with biomass on a conveyor installed across the inside of the heated medium oil.

However, in the continuous half-carbonization method as described above, the length of the reactor becomes longer because a conveyor belt with a long length must be installed, and accordingly, the heating temperature of the medium oil contained in the reactor varies depending on the location. It is difficult to ensure uniformity of quality because uniform anti-carbonization cannot be achieved, and secondly, a flow of medium oil occurs as the conveyor rotates, resulting in a problem that biomass that has not sufficiently been semi-carbonized is discharged.

In particular, this continuous half-carbonization method intends to perform the half-carbonization process in a large amount of biomass, but despite having to have a sufficient impregnation time of the biomass according to the heated temperature of the medium oil, biomass input at different times is mixed. As a result, the heating temperature of the medium oil is not uniform, so that sufficient anti-carbonization cannot be achieved or biomass that has not been semi-carbonized is discharged together.

An object of the present invention conceived to solve the above problems is to reduce the size of the reactor while automating the semi-carbonization process of organic waste, thereby providing rapid mass production through the optimum temperature range of medium oil and reaction speed. It is to provide a half-carbonized manufacturing method.

In order to achieve the above object, the method for producing semi-carbonization of organic waste according to the present invention includes a working container storage step of storing a predetermined amount of biomass, which is an organic waste, inside the working container, and heated medium oil is accommodated in the lower portion. , A working container transfer step of transferring the working container to a reactor equipped with an opening door on one side of the upper side, and after opening the opening and closing door of the reactor, the working container is seated on an elevating part installed inside the reactor, and the reactor A medium oil impregnation step of lowering the working container seated on the lifting part and impregnating the medium oil contained in the lower part of the reactor, and the bio-incorporation stored in the working container. A half-carbonization step of heat-reacting mass with the medium oil to half-carbonize, and a working container discharging step of raising the working container seated in the lifting unit to open the opening and closing door of the reactor and then discharging it to the outside of the reactor. Including.

In addition, the working container is characterized in that the upper part is opened, and a first through hole through which the medium oil can be introduced and discharged is formed through the lower surface and the left and right sides.

In addition, in the reactor, the medium oil is accommodated in the lower part, the opening and closing door is provided on one side of the upper part, and the reactor body in which the lifting part is installed up and down operating therein, and the reactor body is installed under the reactor body, and the medium It characterized in that it further comprises a heating means for heating the oil to 200 ℃ to 250 ℃, and a stirrer for stirring the medium oil heated by the heating means.

In addition, the heating means heats the medium oil to be maintained at 230°C, and the half-carbonization step is characterized in that the biomass stored in the working container is thermally reacted with the medium oil for 10 minutes to half-carbonize. .

In addition, the reactor is installed in the upper part of the lifting part to open and close the open upper part of the working container seated in the lifting part, and installed so as to be able to move up and down in connection with the lifting part, and a second through hole is vertically provided. It characterized in that it further comprises a cover plate formed through.

In addition, the medium oil impregnation step includes a cover plate closing step of first lowering the cover plate to close an upper portion of the working container seated in the lifting part, and lowering the lifting part and simultaneously placing the cover plate together. It characterized in that it comprises a working container lowering step of lowering the vehicle to impregnate the working container into the inside of the medium oil.

In addition, the working container discharging step includes a working container raising step of lifting the working container from the medium oil by first raising the cover plate at the same time as the lifting part is raised, and the second raising of the cover plate. It characterized in that it comprises a cover plate opening step of opening the upper portion of the working container seated in the lifting unit, and an open discharge step of discharging the working container to the outside of the reactor after opening the opening and closing door of the reactor.

The semi-carbonization manufacturing method of organic waste according to the present invention has the effect of enabling rapid mass production through the optimum temperature range and reaction speed of medium oil by automating the semi-carbonization process of organic waste while miniaturizing the size of the reactor.

In particular, it is an intermittent production method in which the working container in which biomass is stored is input and discharged into the reactor, and while taking the reactor in a compact configuration, the organic waste stored inside the working container is saved through the structure of the cover plate interlocking with the elevator. The uniformity of quality for half-carbonization can be ensured, and rapid mass production is possible by specifying the temperature range and reaction time of the medium oil optimized for biomass of organic waste.

1 is a flow chart showing an embodiment of a method for producing semi-carbonized organic waste according to the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a front view showing a process of performing a work container storage step and a work container transfer step in the embodiment of FIG. 1;
3 is a side cross-sectional view showing a process of performing a working container transfer step in the embodiment of FIG. 1 with a reactor as a main part,
4 to 6 are side views showing the process of performing the lifting part seating step in the embodiment of FIG. 1 with the reactor as a main part,
7 is a side cross-sectional view showing a process of performing the cover plate closing step in the medium oil impregnation step of the embodiment of FIG. 1 with the reactor as a main part,
FIG. 8 is a side cross-sectional view showing the process of performing the working container lowering step in the medium oil impregnation step of the embodiment of FIG. 1 with the reactor as a main part,
9 is a side cross-sectional view showing the process of performing the half-carbonization step in the embodiment of FIG. 1 with the reactor as a main part,
10 is a side cross-sectional view showing a process of performing a working container raising step in the working container discharging step of the embodiment of Fig. 1 with a reactor as a main part,
11 is a side cross-sectional view showing the process of performing the cover plate opening step in the working container discharging step of the embodiment of FIG. 1 with the reactor as a main part,
12 is a side cross-sectional view showing the process of performing the open discharge step in the working container discharge step of the embodiment of FIG. 1 with the reactor as a main part,
13 is a graph showing the moisture content according to the reaction time for each heating temperature of the medium oil in the process of performing the half-carbonization step in the embodiment of FIG. 1,
14 is a sample showing a comparison of moisture content and heat amount before and after semi-carbonization by thermally reacting each organic waste to the medium oil at a heating temperature of 230° C. for 10 minutes when performing the example of FIG. 1.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a method for producing semi-carbonization of organic waste according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The semi-carbonization manufacturing method of organic waste according to the present invention, as shown in Figs. 1 to 12, the work container storage step (S100), the work container transfer step (S200), the lifting part seating step (S300), the medium oil impregnation step (S400), a semi-carbonization step (S500) and a working container discharging step (S600), and the medium oil impregnation step (S400) includes a cover plate closing step (S410) and a working container lowering step (S420) And, the working container discharging step (S600) may include a working container raising step (S610), a cover plate opening step (S620), and an open discharging step (S630).

In the working container storage step (S100), the organic waste biomass 101 is stored in the working container 100 by a predetermined amount. The biomass 101 is organic waste and refers to sewage sludge, food waste, waste food materials, fish and shellfish, animal debris, etc., especially in relation to environmental pollution problems. Biomass 101, which is a variety of organic wastes, is collected and stored in a predetermined amount inside the working container 100 through a hopper or the like as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. At this time, the biomass 101 stored in the working container 100 is naturally dried to a moisture content of about 80% to 85% as shown in FIG. 14, and the reactor 200 described later in order to perform half-carbonization. ).

In the working container transfer step (S200), as shown in Figs. 1 to 3, the heated medium oil 201 is accommodated in the lower part, and the working container is provided with an opening/closing door 220 on one side of the upper part. 100). The transfer process may be transferred through a conveyor belt as shown in FIG. 2, or may be transferred using each transfer cart (not shown).

In the lifting part seating step (S300), as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 to 6, after opening the opening/closing door 220 of the reactor 200, the lifting part 230 installed inside the reactor 200 The working container 100 is seated and the opening/closing door 220 of the reactor 200 is closed. That is, the reactor 200 has a closed housing structure with a hollow inside, and a medium oil 201 which is a combustible liquid is accommodated in the inner lower part, and an elevating part 230 is installed on the inner upper part to be installed so as to move up and down. do. At this time, the opening and closing door 220 is opened on one side of the upper portion of the reactor 200 as shown in FIG. 4, and the inside of the reactor 200 by hand or a separate pushing means (not shown) as shown in FIG. After pushing and seating the working container 100 with the elevating part 230 installed in the opening and closing door 220 as shown in FIG. 6, the opening and closing door 220 is closed.

In the medium oil impregnation step (S400), the medium oil 201 accommodated in the lower portion of the reactor 200 by lowering the working container 100 seated on the lifting unit 230 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 8 It is impregnated into the inside of. Accordingly, as the working container 100 enters the inside of the media oil 201, the media oil 201 is introduced into the inside of the work container 100, and the introduced media oil 201 is It is to be half-carbonized by thermal reaction with the biomass 101 stored therein.

That is, in the half-carbonization step (S500), the biomass 101 stored in the working container 100 is thermally reacted with the medium oil 201 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 9 to be half-carbonized. In other words, the heat of the medium oil 201 transferred to the biomass 101 evaporates the moisture contained in the biomass 101 and discharges it to the outside according to the difference in boiling point, and the place where the moisture is discharged is a heated medium. As the oil 201 fills, the biomass 101 is half-carbonized.

In the working container discharging step (S600), as shown in Figs. 1, 10 and 12, by raising the working container 100 seated on the elevating part 230, the opening door 220 of the reactor 200 is opened. And then discharged to the outside of the reactor 200.

In this schematic execution process, uniformity of quality for half-carbonization of organic waste stored in the working container 100 can be ensured through the specific and characteristic structure of the working container 100 and the reactor 200, It is intended to be configured to enable rapid mass production by specifying the temperature range and reaction time of the medium oil 201 optimized for the biomass 101 of organic waste.

That is, the working container 100 has an upper portion open as shown in FIG. 2, and a first through hole 110 through which the medium oil 201 can flow in and out is formed through the lower and left and right sides. . The reason why the upper part of the work container 100 is opened is a structure for storing a certain amount of biomass inside the work container 100 in the aforementioned work container storage step (S100), and the first penetrating the lower surface and the left and right sides The reason why the hole 110 is formed through is because the biomass 101 stored in the working container 100 is thermally reacted and half-carbonized while being impregnated with the heated medium oil 201, so that the first through hole of the work container 100 ( This is because the medium oil 201 must be able to flow into and out of the working container 100 through 110).

At this time, when the half-carbonization process is performed while the upper part of the work container 100 is open, the biomass 101 stored in the work container 100 is caused by evaporation of moisture as shown in FIG. 9. As it becomes lighter, it rises due to buoyancy, and accordingly, it can be separated from the open upper part of the work container 100. Therefore, a cover means capable of closing the open upper part of the working container 100 is required, and for this purpose, the reactor 200 further includes a cover plate 260 that moves up and down in connection with the elevator unit 230. do.

That is, specifically, the reactor 200 includes a reactor body 210, an opening and closing door 220, an elevating unit 230, a heating means 240 and a stirring unit 250 as shown in FIGS. 3 to 12. It may be, and may further include a cover plate 260 to be described later. In the reactor body 210, the medium oil 201 is accommodated in the lower portion, the opening/closing door 220 is provided on one side of the upper portion, and the elevating part 230 is installed therein to move up and down. Heating means 240 is installed in the lower portion of the reactor body 210, and heats the medium oil 201 to 200 ℃ to 250 ℃. The stirrer 250 agitates the medium oil 201 heated by the heating means 240 so that the medium oil 201 accommodated in the reactor body 210 is kept at a uniformly heated temperature as a whole.

At this time, the heating means 240 heats the medium oil 201 to be maintained at 230°C, and the half-carbonization step (S500) transfers the biomass 101 stored in the work container 100 to the medium oil. Heat reaction with (201) for 10 minutes to half-carbonize. When considering the reaction time for each temperature of the medium oil 201 and the moisture content according to the reaction time of the medium oil 201 through the reactor 200 described above for the semi-carbonization manufacturing method of organic waste according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. This is because optimal efficiency comes out when the temperature of) is thermally reacted at 230℃ for 10 minutes.

In addition, the cover plate 260 is installed on the upper part of the lifting part 230 as shown in FIGS. 3, 7 to 11 to cover the open upper part of the working container 100 seated on the lifting part 230. It is installed so as to be able to move up and down by interlocking with the lifting part 230 so as to open and close, and a second through hole 261 is formed vertically through it. Therefore, the biomass 100 stored in the working container 100 through the bottom and left and right sides of the working container 100 and the cover plate 260 is impregnated in the medium oil 201 and floating, but the working container 100 ), and the media oil 201 can flow into and out of the working container 100 through the first through hole 110 and the second through hole 261, so that the biomass ( 100) can be easily half-carbonized.

More specifically, in the medium oil impregnation step (S400), as shown in FIG. 7, the cover plate 260 is first lowered to close the upper portion of the working container 100 seated in the elevating part 230 The cover plate closing step (S410) and, as shown in FIG. 8, lowering the elevating unit 230 and secondly lowering the cover plate 260 together to bring the working container 100 to the medium oil. It may include a working container lowering step (S420) of impregnating the inside of (201).

In addition, in the working container discharging step (S600), as shown in FIG. 10, the lifting part 230 is raised and the cover plate 260 is first raised together to transfer the working container 100 to the medium. The work container ascending step (S610) of lifting from the oil 201 and the secondly lifting the cover plate 260 as shown in FIG. 11 to the working container 100 seated in the lifting part 230 After opening the cover plate opening step (S620) of opening the top and opening the opening and closing door 220 of the reactor 200 as shown in FIG. 12, the working container 100 is moved to the outside of the reactor 200. It may include an open discharge step (S630) to discharge.

Through the above-described method for semi-carbonizing organic waste according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 14, each organic waste biomass 101 is thermally reacted at a heating temperature of 230° C. for 10 minutes. If you look at the sample shown by comparing the moisture content and calories before and after half carbonization, the water content before half carbonization is lowered from 82 to 3% to approximately 1 to 3% after half carbonization, but can be used as a solid fuel. It has a feature that shows much higher calories than it can at least 3,500 kcal/kg.

As described above, the method for producing semi-carbonization of organic waste according to the present invention, while miniaturizing the size of the reactor 200, automates the semi-carbonization process of the biomass 101, which is an organic waste, to optimize the temperature range of the medium oil 201. It has the effect of enabling rapid mass production through and reaction speed.

In particular, it is an intermittent production method in which the working container 100 in which the biomass 101 is stored is input and discharged into the reactor 200, and is interlocked with the lifting unit 230 while taking the reactor 200 in a compact configuration. Through the structure of the cover plate 260, it is possible to ensure the uniformity of quality for the half-carbonization of the organic waste biomass 101 stored inside the working container 100, and the organic waste biomass 101 By specifying the temperature range and reaction time of the optimized medium oil 201, there is an effect that rapid mass production is possible.

Embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the drawings should not be construed as limiting the technical idea of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is limited only by the matters described in the claims, and those of ordinary skill in the technical field of the present invention can improve and change the technical idea of the present invention in various forms. Therefore, such improvements and changes will fall within the scope of the present invention as long as it is apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.

100: working container 101: biomass
110: first through hole
200: reactor 201: medium oil
210: reactor body
220: opening and closing door 230: elevating part
240: heating means 250: stirrer
260: cover plate 261: second through hole
S100: working container storage step
S200: Working container transfer step
S300: step of seating the elevator
S400: medium oil impregnation step
S410: cover plate closing step S420: working container lowering step
S500: anti-carbonization step
S600: working container discharging step S610: working container raising step
S620: cover plate opening step S630: open discharge step

Claims (7)

A working container storage step of storing a certain amount of biomass, which is organic waste, inside the work container, and a working container transfer step of transferring the work container to a reactor in which the heated medium oil is accommodated in the lower part and an opening and closing door is provided at one side of the upper part. And, after opening the opening and closing door of the reactor, the working container is seated on the lifting unit installed inside the reactor, and the lifting unit seating step of closing the opening and closing door of the reactor, and the working container mounted on the lifting unit A medium oil impregnation step of lowering and impregnating the medium oil accommodated in the lower portion of the reactor; a half carbonization step of thermally reacting the biomass stored in the working container with the medium oil to half carbonize; and And a working container discharging step of discharging the seated work container to the outside of the reactor after opening the opening and closing door of the reactor,
The work container,
The upper part is opened, and a first through hole through which the medium oil can flow in and out is formed through the lower surface and the left and right sides,
The reactor,
The medium oil is accommodated in the lower portion, the opening and closing door is provided on one side of the upper side, and a reactor body in which the elevating part is installed to move up and down,
A heating means installed under the reactor body and heating the medium oil to 200°C to 250°C,
A method for producing semi-carbonization of organic waste, further comprising a stirrer for stirring the medium oil heated by the heating means.
delete delete The method of claim 1,
The heating means,
Heating the medium oil to maintain 230 ℃,
The half-carbonization step,
The method for producing semi-carbonization of organic waste, characterized in that the biomass stored in the working container is thermally reacted with the medium oil for 10 minutes to be semi-carbonized.
The method of claim 1,
The reactor,
It is installed on the upper part of the lifting part to open and close the open upper part of the work container seated in the lifting part, in association with the lifting part, and installed to be able to move up and down, and a cover plate having a second through hole penetrating through it is further provided. Method for producing semi-carbonization of organic waste comprising a.
The method of claim 5,
The medium oil impregnation step,
A cover plate closing step of first lowering the cover plate to close an upper portion of the working container seated in the elevating portion;
And a working container lowering step of lowering the lifting part and secondly lowering the cover plate together with the cover plate to impregnate the working container into the inside of the medium oil.
The method of claim 6,
The step of discharging the working container,
A working container ascending step of lifting the working container from the medium oil by first raising the cover plate together with the lifting part, and
A cover plate opening step of secondly raising the cover plate to open an upper portion of the working container seated in the lifting unit;
And an open discharge step of discharging the working container to the outside of the reactor after opening the opening and closing door of the reactor.

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