KR102161149B1 - Apparatus for supporting solar cell modules - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a solar cell light collecting plate support device and, more specifically, to a solar cell light collecting plate support device capable of variously adjusting an inclination angle of a solar cell light collecting plate according to an elevation angle of the sun, which varies by region according to latitude and longitude, and reducing construction costs by minimizing welding work in combination between components to facilitate construction work, thereby reducing transportation costs due to lighter support structures. The solar cell light collecting plate support device according to the present invention includes: a plurality of H-beams installed in a row on the ground; a coupling unit coupled to an upper portion of the H-beam; a rotating shaft installed to pass through an upper portion of the coupling unit; a rotating plate coupled to both sides of the rotating shaft; a support bar coupled to an upper portion of the rotating plate; a plurality of L-shaped coupling members coupled to an upper portion of the support bar; a plurality of C-beams coupled to the L-shaped coupling members to connect support bars and to load a light collecting plate thereon; a plurality of angle fixing holes formed radially in the coupling unit around the rotating shaft; a plurality of angle adjustment holes formed in the rotating plate to correspond while forming different inclination angles in the angle fixing hole; and an angle fixing means coupled through the angle adjustment hole and the angle fixing hole.

Description

Method of determining displacement of solar cell collector plate support device {APPARATUS FOR SUPPORTING SOLAR CELL MODULES}

The present invention relates to a method of determining displacement of a solar cell light collecting plate support device, and more particularly, the inclination angle of the solar cell light collecting plate can be variously adjusted according to the elevation angle of the sun, which varies by region according to latitude and longitude, and the combination between configurations The present invention relates to a method for determining displacement of a solar cell concentrator plate support device that can reduce the construction cost by minimizing the welding work to facilitate the construction work and to reduce the transportation cost by reducing the weight of the supporting structure.

Energy sources such as fossil fuels continuously require high technology and capital to make them usable and use them, have limitations in increasing cost and depletion of resources, and are considered as the cheapest power generation method. The necessity for eco-friendly and safe new and renewable energy is increasing because the company guarantees high technology and safety.

Among them, solar power generation can be used continuously without exhaustion of fuel, and because carbon dioxide is not generated during power generation, it is more environmentally friendly and safer than the power generation method using fossil fuels.

A general solar power generation system is a system that generates electricity by solar cells that generate electricity by the photoelectric effect when it receives sunlight and elements that store and supply electrical energy, and includes a light collecting plate, a capacitor, and a power converter. The solar cell concentrator panel, in which a number of solar cells are arranged in a module form, has the best power generation efficiency when it is at an angle of 90 degrees to the sunlight. Since the earth rotates and revolves, the altitude of the sun changes periodically, Accordingly, a large difference in power generation efficiency occurs.

Such a solar power generation system is composed of a fixed type, a fixed variable type, or a tracking type according to the installation method of the solar cell module, and the fixed type maintains the installed angle without adjusting the angle of the solar panel, so that the solar panel faces the south direction. Because it is fixed, it is difficult to obtain more than 70% of the maximum output except in spring and autumn, so there is a problem that the difference in power generation efficiency by season is large and economical efficiency is low. There is a problem in that the installation cost and maintenance cost are large because the method is adjusted to be vertical. On the other hand, the fixed variable type is a method of manually adjusting the installation angle of the light collecting plate so that the angle of the light collecting plate is perpendicular to the typical solar elevation angle in winter, spring, autumn, and summer. This is how it is being.

Since the angle adjusting device of such a fixed and variable solar cell light collecting plate is installed in the open field, it must be sturdy even in a rainy and windy environment and be able to stably maintain the angle with low-cost facilities.

As a conventional technique for adjusting the angle of the light collecting plate according to the solar elevation angle, technologies such as Korean Patent Nos. 10-0734217 and 10-1108713 have been disclosed, and in the case of Korean Patent No. 10-0734217, a semicircular cover This is a technology that adjusts the angle of the solar panel by inserting a cylindrical pipe-shaped rotating shaft supporter into the angle adjusting piece hole formed in the cover, and using the angle adjusting piece to adjust the angle of the solar panel. The durability of the angle adjustment piece that supports the load of the solar panel is weakened, causing a problem of being worn or damaged.

In the case of Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1108713, the support frame supporting the solar panel so that it can be rotated relative to the rotation center line rotates within the moving hole of the rotational coupling hole formed along the arc-shaped trajectory on the rotation plate, and the angle fixing member is locked It is a technology that restricts the rotation of the solar panel by being hooked on it.The method in which the rotation coupling hole is formed along the arc-shaped trajectory requires more clearance to allow the angle fixing member to move smoothly compared to the method of fastening bolts in the angle adjustment hole. As the size of the hole formed by wear increases depending on the use, the durability of the plate decreases, and there is a problem that the plate is easily damaged in the process of adjusting the angle.The more parts that are joined by welding between the components, the more only the damaged part is There is a problem that is difficult to replace or repair.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0734217 Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1108713

The solar cell light collecting plate support device according to the present invention can variously adjust the inclination angle of the solar cell light collecting plate according to the elevation angle of the sun where regional differences occur, and the support structure is solid and the structure can be lightened. And it is a major task to reduce maintenance costs.

As a means to achieve the above object,

The present invention includes a plurality of H-beam bases installed in a row on the ground; A coupling unit coupled to the upper portion of the H-shaped steel base; A rotation shaft installed to pass through the upper portion of the coupling hole; A rotating plate coupled to both sides of the rotating shaft; A support bar coupled to an upper portion of the rotating plate; A plurality of L-shaped coupling members coupled to the upper portion of the support bar; A plurality of C-beams coupled to the L-shaped coupling member to connect support bars and to load a light collecting plate thereon; A plurality of angle fixing holes formed radially in the coupling hole about the rotation axis; A plurality of angle adjustment holes formed in the rotating plate to correspond while forming different inclination angles in the angle fixing hole; It is characterized in that it comprises an angle fixing means coupled through the angle adjustment hole and the angle fixing hole.

In addition, the region of interest extraction step of photographing the structure while extracting the background region and the structure region to set the region of interest, and the pixels with similar intensity and intensity in the image are clustered by applying the PCM algorithm, and the clusters are clustered. It features a structure region extraction step of accurately extracting a structure region by searching for a cluster group including the morphological features of the extracted line, and a structure displacement measurement step of measuring the displacement of the structure.

In addition, the step of extracting the region of interest may include (a1) applying an average binarization to use the feature that it is a background image excluding a solar panel and has a relatively low contrast; (a2) analyzing a horizontal histogram of black pixels in an upper portion of the image in the image to which the average binarization is applied; (a3) setting a background first appearing on the histogram based on the maximum value in the histogram in order to take advantage of the feature that the brightness and darkness become brighter again at the lower part of the solar panel; (a4) applying Otus's binarization technique, which uses a characteristic in which the histogram has a bimodal shape in order to find an optimal threshold in a grayscale image to separate the background and the solar panel region; (a5) searching for pixels from the outer to the center of the image to which the Otus’s binarization technique is applied, and setting the first pixel encountered as an outline of the solar panel; (a6) setting, as a solar panel, a location where the nearest pixel is searched based on the center of the X axis of the image in the image from which the outline of the solar panel is extracted; (a7) extracting the outline of the image by applying Canny Edge Detection to the original image in order to extract the outline of the background area existing at the bottom of the solar panel; (a8) It is characterized by including the step of setting the brightest part of the original image as a background area among the outlines located at the bottom of the solar panel area in the extracted image.

In addition, in the Hough transform-based background region extraction step, in order to detect the straight line, the straight line passing through the (x,y) coordinate points of the extracted edges is converted into a curve on the (θ,r) coordinate plane using Equation 1 It is a feature.

(Equation 1)

In the above, θ is an angle formed by a straight line passing through the (x, y) coordinate points of each edge and a vertical line, and r is the distance from the origin to the straight line. x is the x-intercept and y is the y-intercept.

In addition, in the (r, θ) coordinate plane, straight lines of multiple angles passing through one point of the extracted edges are expressed as one Sin curve, and if the number of Sin curves passing through a point n is higher than the threshold, the corresponding point is expressed. It is characterized by converting it to the (x, y) coordinate plane by using 2.

(Equation 2)

In addition, in the PCM quantization-based background region extraction, in the PCM algorithm, typographicality, not a membership degree, is used to express the degree to which each point belongs to a cluster, and the PCM objective function is characterized by Equation 3.

(Equation 3)

값이 0이 되는 경우에 목적 함수가 최소화되는 자명해(trivial solution)을 제거하기 위해 첨가된 항이고, 식 (3)에서 c는 클러스터의 개수를 의미하며, m은 전형도를 나타내는 상수로 1.5로 설정하고,

는 k 번째 데이터 포인트와 i번째 클러스터 중심 사이의 거리를 의미한다.The second term in Equation (3) is all

When the value becomes 0, it is a term added to remove the trivial solution that minimizes the objective function.In Equation (3), c is the number of clusters, and m is a constant representing the typicality, which is 1.5. Set up,

Denotes the distance between the k-th data point and the i-th cluster center.

는 k번째 데이터 포인트가 I번째 클러스터에 소속되는 전형도(Typicality)를 나타내며 식(4)와 같이 정의되는 것이 특징이다.In addition,

Represents the typicality in which the k-th data point belongs to the I-th cluster, and is characterized as defined by Equation (4).

(Equation 4)

는 각 클러스터에 속하는 값들의 무게 중심을 나타내는 값으로 수식 (5)와 같이 계산하는 것이 특징이다.In addition,

Is a value representing the center of gravity of values belonging to each cluster, and is characterized as calculated as in Equation (5).

(Equation 5)

In addition, the PCM clustering technique can reduce sensitivity by removing the Sum-to-One condition, and Equation (3) can be expressed as a sum of c values that are independent of each other as shown in Equation (6).

(Equation 6)

The solar cell light collecting plate support device according to the present invention can variously adjust the angle of the light collecting plate according to the elevation angle of the sun, which varies from region to region according to latitude and longitude, and while the structure of the support structure is solid, the support structure is lightweight and welded. As work is minimized, transport, installation, and maintenance of the structure are easy, and there is an advantage of reducing installation cost and maintenance cost.

1 is a perspective view showing a solar cell light collecting plate support device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a perspective view showing a view from a different angle of the solar cell light collecting plate support device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a partially enlarged view of an enlarged portion A in FIG. 2.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Further, in describing the present invention, when it is determined that a detailed description of a related known function or configuration may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In addition, when any one component in the detailed description of the invention or in the claims "includes" another component, it is not limited to be construed as consisting of only the component unless otherwise stated, and other components It should be understood that it may further include.

Referring to Figures 1 to 3, the solar cell light collecting plate support device according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a plurality of H-shaped steel base 100 installed in a line on the ground; The coupling part 200 coupled to the upper part of the H-beam base 100; A rotation shaft 300 installed to pass through the upper portion of the coupler 200; Rotating plates 400 coupled to both sides of the rotating shaft 300; Support bar 500 coupled to the upper portion of the rotating plate 400; A plurality of L-shaped coupling members 600 coupled to be spaced apart from the upper portion of the support bar 500; C-beam 700 coupled to the L-shaped coupling member 600; A plurality of angle fixing holes 250 formed in the coupler 200; A plurality of angle adjustment holes 450 formed in the rotating plate 400; And an angle fixing means 800 coupled through the angle fixing hole 250 and the angle adjustment hole 450.

The H-beam base 100 is a structure in which a number of H-beam bases are installed in a row on the ground, and is an H-beam column formed in an H-shape in cross section, depending on the overall size and weight of the structure for supporting the solar light collecting plate, the thickness and length of the H-beam base. The size including the can be changed.

In general, H-beams are composed of a web, which is a part corresponding to the horizontal bar at the center of the H-shape, and a flange, which is a part corresponding to the vertical bar on both sides, but it is composed of a wide and thick flange and a thin web, so that the performance of the cross section is improved. It is widely used as structural steel because it is excellent and easy to combine and join. The H-beam base 100 is lighter than each pipe of the same standard, and does not require a separate reinforcing rib at the bottom, or when reinforcing force is required, the ribs can be installed only on the web. It has the advantage of being easy.

The coupler 200 is a configuration that is coupled to the upper portion of the H-beam base 100 to mediate the combination of the H-beam base 100 and other components for supporting the solar cell collector plate, and in an embodiment of the present invention 200 includes a pair of coupling plates 210 coupled to the upper part of the H-beam base, a pair of fixing plates 221 having an angle fixing hole 250 formed thereon, and a coupling member 222 coupled to one end of the fixing plates Thus, it is composed of a fixing part 220 formed in a'└┘' shape.

It is preferable that the coupling plate 210 is provided with a plurality of long holes to be bolted to the upper portion of the H-shaped steel base 100, and the upper end of the coupling plate 210 is in the coupling member 222 of the fixing part 220 It is more preferable that a coupling slot 223 that can be fitted and coupled is provided. At this time, the coupling slot 223 is to increase the coupling force by widening the portion where the coupling plate 210 and the fixing portion 220 are welded together.

In addition, in the fixing plate of the fixing part 220, a plurality of angle fixing holes 250 are formed in a radial position about the rotation axis, and are formed to correspond to the angle adjustment holes 450 to be described later, so that the solar cell condensing plate is at various angles. It is desirable to be able to fix it. Although this corresponds to the same season and date, a difference in the elevation angle of the sun occurs for each region according to latitude and longitude. As the angle fixing holes 250 formed in the radial positions correspond to different angle adjustment holes 450, the fixed angle of the light collecting plate is It is intended to be able to be formed in various ways.

The rotation shaft 300 is a configuration installed so as to penetrate the upper portion of the coupler 200, and is a central axis that allows the solar light collecting plate to rotate at a predetermined angle according to the change in the elevation angle of the sun that varies according to seasons. In one embodiment, the rotation shaft 300 is formed of a bolt that penetrates through the coupler 200 and a pair of rotation plates 400 to be described later, but may be formed by a configuration such as a known hinge pin.

The rotating plate 400 is coupled to both sides of the rotating shaft 300 and has a configuration in which a plurality of angle adjusting holes 450 are formed. In an embodiment of the present invention, the angle adjusting hole 450 has three angle adjusting holes of'┐'. It was arranged and formed in a shape, and the rotating plate 400 was installed to be rotated about the rotation shaft 300.

On the other hand, in order to determine the distortion of the solar panel, the solar panel is photographed and the horizontal state is determined without the border area, and the degree of inclination is determined.

First, in the image of the solar panel, the background except for the solar panel has a feature of having low contrast. In addition, solar panels have a feature of relatively bright contrast.

Hereinafter, a method for detecting a region of a solar panel will be described.

1. Region Of Interest Extraction

Average binarization is applied to take advantage of the feature that the solar panel background has a relatively low contrast.

Analyze the horizontal histogram of black pixels in the image to which the average binarization is applied.

And, in order to take advantage of the feature that the lower part of the solar panel becomes brighter again due to the reflected light from the ground, the area that first appears on the histogram is searched based on the maximum value in the histogram and set as the end of the solar panel.

Otus's binarization technique is applied to separate the solar panel background from the solar panel region. Otus's binarization technique is a method of using the characteristic of a histogram having a bimodal shape to find an optimal threshold in a grayscale X-ray image.

In an image to which Otus's binarization technique is applied, pixels are searched from the outer to the center of the image and the first pixel encountered is set as the outline of the solar panel.

In order to extract the outline of the background area existing at the bottom of the solar panel, Canny Edge Detection is applied to the original image to extract the outline of the image.

2. Hough transform-based solar panel area extraction

Hough Transform is a technique that detects features of an image and is a technique frequently applied in image processing. Hough transform is characterized by the ability to detect figures that can be expressed by formulas. In this study, Hough transform is applied to take advantage of the morphological feature that the solar panel is horizontally flat. In order to detect a straight line in the image, the Hough transform technique is applied after extracting the edge using the Canny Edge Detector. In order to detect the straight line, the straight line passing through the (x,y) coordinate point of each of the extracted edges is converted into a curve on the (θ,r) coordinate plane using Equation (1).

(Equation 1)

θ is the angle between a straight line passing through the (x, y) coordinate points of each edge and a vertical line, and r is the distance from the origin to the straight line. x is the x-intercept and y is the y-intercept.

Using Equation (1), a straight line passing through each edge is represented as a curve on the (r, θ) coordinate plane. In this study, the result of limiting the range of θ to 87 to 93 in order to detect a horizontal straight line is shown in FIG. 5.

In the (r, θ) coordinate plane, straight lines of several angles passing through one point of the extracted edges are expressed as one sin curve. It means that when n Sin curves drawn on the (r, θ) coordinate plane pass through a point, the straight line that appears when the point is converted to the (x, y) coordinate plane passes through n edges. Therefore, when the number n of Sin curves passing through a point is higher than the critical value, the point is converted to the (x, y) coordinate plane using Equation (2). In Equation (2), H is the width of the image and W is the width of the image.

(Equation 2)

3. PCM quantization based solar panel region extraction

The solar panel area is characterized by similar shades. By analyzing these features, the pixels in the original image are clustered by applying the PCM algorithm to pixels with similar intensity. In addition, the solar panel area is extracted by searching for a cluster group containing linear morphological features from the clustered clusters. The PCM algorithm is a clustering technique that uses typographicality to make it insensitive to setting the number of clusters. The PCM clustering technique is as follows. In the PCM algorithm, to express the degree to which each point belongs to a cluster, a typographicality, not a membership degree, is used. The objective function of PCM is shown in Equation (3).

(Equation 3)

값이 0이 되는 경우에 목적 함수가 최소화되는 자명해(trivial solution)을 제거하기 위해 첨가된 항이다. 수식(3)에서 c는 클러스터의 개수를 의미한다. m은 전형도를 나타내는 상수로 1.5로 설정하며

는 k 번째 데이터 포인트와 i번째 클러스터 중심 사이의 거리를 의미한다.

는 k번째 데이터 포인트가 I번째 클러스터에 소속되는 전형도(Typicality)를 나타내며 수식(4)와 같이 정의된다.The second term in Equation (3) is all

This term is added to remove the trivial solution that minimizes the objective function when the value becomes 0. In Equation (3), c means the number of clusters. m is a constant representing the typicality and is set to 1.5

Denotes the distance between the k-th data point and the i-th cluster center.

Represents the typicality in which the k-th data point belongs to the I-th cluster, and is defined as in Equation (4).

(Equation 4)

는 각 클러스터에 속하는 값들의 무게 중심을 나타내는 값으로 일반적으로 수식(5)와 같이 계산한다.Equation (4) considers only the distance between one data point and one cluster center.

Is a value representing the center of gravity of values belonging to each cluster, and is generally calculated as in Equation (5).

(Equation 5)

The PCM clustering technique can reduce the sensitivity by removing the Sum-to-One condition. Equation (3) can be expressed as a sum of c values that are independent of each other as in Equation (6).

(Equation 6)

)이 이전에 학습된 값(

)보다 작으면 재학습을 시도한다.The typicality value derived from Equation (4) (

) Is the previously learned value (

If it is less than ), try relearning.

Among the clusters of images clustered using the PCM algorithm, a cluster group including the morphological features of the solar panel is searched by applying Hough transform, and an area belonging to the searched cluster is extracted.

After removing background and noise by searching for objects belonging to the extracted cluster, structure displacement is measured to measure the displacement of the structure.

1: solar cell light collecting plate
10: Support structure of solar cell light collecting plate
100: H-beam base
110: base plate
200: coupling
210: bonding plate
220: fixed part
221: fixed plate
222: coupling member
223: coupling slot
250(250a,250b,250c,250d,250e,250f): Angle fixing hole
300: rotating shaft
400: rotating plate
450(450a,450b,450c): Angle adjustment hole
500: support bar
600: L-type coupling member
700: C-beam
800: angle fixing means
900: connection bracket
910: connecting plate
920: extension support member

Claims (9)

delete The region of interest extraction step of photographing the structure, extracting the background region and the structure region, and setting the region of interest,
A structure region extraction step of accurately extracting the structure region by searching for a cluster group including the morphological features of the line extracted from the clustered clusters and clustering pixels with similar intensity and intensity by applying the PCM algorithm;
Consisting of a structure displacement measuring step of measuring the displacement of the structure shaking;

The step of extracting the region of interest,
(a1) applying average binarization to take advantage of the feature that it is a background image excluding a solar panel and has a relatively low contrast;
(a2) analyzing a horizontal histogram of black pixels in an upper portion of the image in the image to which the average binarization is applied;
(a3) setting a background first appearing on the histogram based on the maximum value in the histogram in order to take advantage of the feature that the brightness and darkness become brighter again at the lower part of the solar panel;
(a4) applying Otus's binarization technique, which uses the characteristic of the histogram to have a bimodal shape to find an optimal threshold in a grayscale image to separate the background and the solar panel region;
(a5) searching for a pixel from the outer to the center of the image to which Otus's binarization is applied, and setting the first pixel encountered as an outline of the solar panel;
(a6) setting, as a solar panel, a location where the nearest pixel is searched based on the center of the X axis of the image in the image from which the outline of the solar panel is extracted;
(a7) extracting the outline of the image by applying Canny Edge Detection to the original image in order to extract the outline of the background area existing at the bottom of the solar panel;
(a8) Determination of displacement of a solar cell concentrator support device, characterized in that it comprises the step of setting the brightest part of the original image as a background area among the outlines located at the bottom of the solar panel area in the extracted image. Way. delete delete delete delete delete delete delete

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