KR102143692B1 - Method for removal water from gaseous phase to frost of the phase transition - Google Patents

Abstract

To The present invention, water (H ₂ O) jidoe comprises the step of cooling the gaseous material containing, on the base material to a method of removing only a water (H ₂ O) contained in the gaseous substance containing water (H ₂ O) is a phase change to a frosty (frost) by the cooling step in the method of removing the water (H ₂ O) contained in the gaseous substance being separated from the gaseous materials About.

Description

Method for removal water from gaseous phase to frost of the phase transition {Method for removal water from gaseous phase to frost of the phase transition}

The present invention relates to a method of removing water (H ₂ O) contained in a gaseous material, and more specifically, cooling the gaseous material after adjusting the temperature of the gaseous material containing the pollutant to be measured within a predetermined range. The present invention relates to a method of removing water (H ₂ O) contained in a gaseous material by phase-changing it into frost.

Our natural environment is becoming more and more desolate due to urbanization, population growth, and reckless damage to nature. In particular, it is not an exaggeration to say that environmental pollution, which has emerged with rapid industrial development, is not limited to some countries, but that all countries around the world are faced with serious concerns and responses.

As a countermeasure for such environmental pollution problems, it can be broadly divided into technology development that suppresses the discharge of pollutants or removes the discharged pollutants that are inevitably discharged.

Among them, in order to control the emission of pollutants, the emission limit standards for each emission source are set, managed and regulated, and in general, monitoring to confirm the emission or concentration of pollutants is conducted, and such emission monitoring is used to control environmental pollution. It is a very important part of the field.

In particular, a device that monitors air pollutants derived from combustion of fossil fuels or various manufacturing processes among environmental pollution usually uses a measurement method based on an optical device. However, these monitoring devices are often difficult to determine the exact name or concentration of air pollutants contained in the combustion gas due to moisture or particulate matter contained in the gaseous substance to be measured.

Therefore, in order to accurately grasp contaminants and their concentration, moisture or particulate matter that makes measurement or analysis difficult must be removed in advance and then introduced into the measurement device, and a filter may be used as such a pretreatment method. However, the filter can remove not only moisture or particulate matter, but also the gaseous pollutants that should not be removed due to the formation of another filter body, that is, the moisture or particulate matter removed from the filter. This difficult problem may occur.

In Korea Patent Publication No. 2006-0039465, which is a prior art for solving this problem, a pretreatment device for removing moisture, a glass tube for cooling and adhering moisture to the inner periphery of the pretreatment device is provided. A cotton yarn layer for primary moisture removal is further formed, and a Peltier trap for cooling condensation and thermal desorption is provided under the pretreatment device, and after the sample collection of the sample collection unit is completed, air pollution analysis that is heated to remove moisture Disclosed is a pretreatment apparatus provided with a moisture pretreatment means for the treatment.

However, in the prior art, the moisture contained in the gas can be removed by using the Peltier trap, but the moisture contained in the contaminated gas condenses on the inner periphery of the tube, so that the diameter of the flow path gradually narrows, There is a problem in that it is very difficult to keep the flow rate of gas constant.

That is, in the conventional Peltier trap method, the diameter of the flow path rapidly narrows as the amount of moisture flowing into the Peltier trap increases, and the tube is clogged before the tube is regenerated in the air supply, so the number of tubes must be increased. In addition, there is a problem in that the number of flow control devices and Peltier traps accordingly increases, causing a large economic loss.

Korean Patent Publication No. 2006-0039465

The present invention is to solve the above-described problems, while completely removing only the water (H ₂ O) contained in the gas flowing into the measuring device, it is possible to maintain a constant gas flow rate, ensuring the reliability of the measurement result. Furthermore, the purpose of this is to provide a method of removing water (H ₂ O) contained in gaseous substances that can prevent the malfunction of the measuring device due to water (H ₂ O) flowing into the measuring device in advance.

A method of removing water (H ₂ O) contained in a gaseous substance of the present invention for solving the above problem comprises the step of cooling a gaseous substance containing water (H ₂ O), It is characterized in that water (H ₂ O) contained in the gaseous material is phase-changed to frost by the cooling step and separated from the gaseous material.

In addition, the method of removing water (H ₂ O) contained in a gaseous substance according to the present invention further includes heating the gaseous substance containing the water (H ₂ O) before performing the cooling step. However, the heating temperature in the heating step is adjusted to 60 ~ 150 ℃, the cooling temperature in the cooling step is characterized in that the temperature is adjusted to -10 ℃ or less.

In addition, the method of removing water (H ₂ O) contained in a gaseous substance according to the present invention, the heating temperature in the heating step is adjusted to 60 ℃ to 100 ℃, the cooling temperature in the cooling step is -20 It is characterized in that it is adjusted to ℃ to -50 ℃.

In addition, the method of removing water (H ₂ O) contained in a gaseous substance according to the present invention is characterized in that the specific gravity of the frost falls within a range of 0.11 to 0.24 g/cm 3.

In addition, the method of removing water (H ₂ O) contained in a gaseous material further includes any one or more pollutants of fine dust, ultrafine dust, nitric oxide, sulfur oxide, heavy metals and volatile organic compounds in the gaseous material. It is characterized by doing.

The method of removing water (H ₂ O) contained in a gaseous substance according to the present invention is that it is possible to completely remove water (H ₂ O) contained in a gas with only a simple operation of adjusting the temperature of the gas to a predetermined range. It works.

In addition, since the water (H ₂ O) removed by the water removal method of the present invention is phase-changed to frost with a very low density forming a large space between the condensed water (H ₂ O) particles, the gas flows There is an effect that it can significantly reduce the occlusion of the.

1 is a diagram showing a schematic diagram (a, b) of growth of general water (H ₂ O) condensed particles.
2 is a view showing a schematic diagram (a, b) of the growth of the present invention frost condensed particles.
3 is a photograph of the present invention frost generated in the gas transfer pipe.
4 is a diagram showing an apparatus diagram according to an embodiment for removing water (H ₂ O) contained in a gas by phase-changing it into frost.
5 is a diagram showing a saturation point of a phase-changed frost.

The present invention relates to a method of removing moisture contained in a gaseous substance, and the greatest feature of the present invention is that water (H ₂ O) is separated and removed in a frost state rather than ice particles.

'Water (H ₂ O)' in the present invention includes not only liquid water but also gaseous water, and'frost'means'water (H ₂ O)' contained in the gas is finely It is condensed and means a state in which these fine coagulated particles are very loosely bonded.

When explaining in detail with reference to the accompanying Figures 1 to 3 about the difference between the generally known water (H ₂ O) condensed particles and the present invention frost, the general condensed particles formed by cooling are each condensed particles. New condensed particles are combined around the surface, and when these condensed particles are continuously introduced, condensed particles located inside the condensed particle mass grow into large ice blocks and interfere with the flow of gas (FIG. 1).

However, as shown in FIG. 2, frost in the present invention has very few contact surfaces interconnecting each fine condensed particle, whereas there are very many free surfaces that do not contact, and thus, these fine condensed particles are continuously Even if it is introduced, most of it grows in one direction, so it does not significantly interfere with the flow of gas.

As can be seen from Fig. 3, which is an actual photo generated in the gas flow pipe, such frost is very loosely coupled to each condensed particle, so even if the frost grows greatly, physical impact from the outside, for example, inflow It has a characteristic that it is easily cut off by the flow of gas.

This phase change by the water (H ₂ O) contained in the gas to frost (frost) principle to remove water (H ₂ O) is a target sound from peba (Mpemba) effect. The Mpemba effect refers to a phenomenon in which water at a high temperature freezes faster than water at a lower temperature under the same cooling conditions. When water molecules are brought close together, the molecules are attracted to each other due to hydrogen bonds. The covalent bond between the and oxygen atom is lengthened and energy is accumulated. When such water is boiled, the hydrogen bond increases and the density of the water decreases. At this time, the covalent bond decreases and the accumulated energy is released. In other words, hot water, which has accumulated a lot of energy, freezes quickly because it releases energy faster when cooled.

Hereinafter, a method of removing water (H ₂ O) of the present invention, which was conceived from the Mpemba effect, will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 4.

4 is a diagram showing an embodiment of an apparatus for removing water (H ₂ O) contained in a gas by phase-changing it into frost.

As shown in Fig. 4, by utilizing a device including an inflow guide tube 10 and a main body tube 20 provided at the rear end of the inflow guide tube 10, water (H ₂ O) contained in the gas is removed. To achieve the object of the present invention.

The inflow induction tube 10 has an empty space through which a gas containing water (H ₂ O) can pass, and the inflow gas is constant on one side of the outer periphery of the inflow induction tube 10 A heating means 11 for heating to a temperature is provided.

Here, the heating means 11 is not particularly limited as long as it is a known means capable of heating the inlet gas, but it is most preferably a heating peltier capable of accurately heating to a desired temperature, and the heating peltier will be described later. To

The main body pipe 20 has an empty space through which the heated gas can pass while passing through the inflow induction pipe 10, and the main body pipe 20 is disposed on one side of the outer surface of the main body pipe 20. ) Is provided with a cooling means 21 for cooling the induced gas to a certain temperature. The cooling means 21 is not particularly limited as long as it is a known means capable of cooling the induced gas, but it is most preferably a cooling Peltier capable of accurately cooling to a desired temperature, and the cooling Peltier will be described later. do.

The reason why the gas containing moisture is heated and then cooled is as described above, in the inflow induction tube 10, the temperature of the incoming gas is increased using the heating means 11, and in the main body tube 20 It is to expect the Mpemba effect by rapidly cooling the elevated gas temperature.

Here, in order to obtain a desired frost in the present invention, it is very important to control the temperature in the inflow guide tube 10 and the main body tube 20.

The heating temperature in the inflow guide tube 10 is 60 to 150°C, more preferably 60 to 100°C. In addition, the cooling temperature in the main body tube 20 is -10°C or less, more preferably -20°C to -50°C.

If the heating temperature range or the cooling temperature range is out of the range, the water (H ₂ O) contained in the gas may not crystallize or even if crystallized, the particles may be too large to cause a phase change to a desired frost, so the heating temperature And cooling temperature is preferably maintained in the above range.

Meanwhile, a heating means 11 is provided on one side of the outer periphery of the inflow guide pipe 10, and the case of heating the incoming gas using the heating means 11 has been described above, but the temperature of the incoming gas It is obvious that if is within the heating temperature range, it can be immediately cooled without a separate heating step.

The above-described heating means 11 or cooling means 21, the most preferable cooling peltier or heating peltier is a temperature control means using a Peltier effect used to heat or cool a specific local area. When both ends of different metal wires are joined together and direct current is passed through the circuit, heat absorption occurs at one junction and heat generation occurs at the other junction. When the direction of the current is reversed, heat absorption and heat generation are reversed.This is a kind of heat pumping phenomenon. It is a temperature control means using the principle of.

On the other hand, the gas of the present invention may further include any one or more pollutants of air pollutants such as ultrafine dust, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, greenhouse gases, carbon monoxide, malodorous substances, heavy metals, and volatile organic compounds.

Hereinafter, the density, which is the physical characteristic of the present invention frost, will be described in detail.

<Example 1>

In order to measure the density of frost, the apparatus shown in FIG. 4 was used to adjust the temperature to 60°C while introducing a gas containing water (H ₂ O) into the inlet pipe 10. Subsequently, the gas controlled in the above temperature range was transferred to the main body tube 20 maintained at -20°C to phase change the water (H ₂ O) contained in the gas into frost.

At this time, the density is determined from the saturation point of the phase-changed frost, that is, the volume of the body tube 20 and the weight of the frost at the time when all the spaces of the body tube 20 are filled with frost. Calculated.

Here, the saturation point of the phase-changed frost is the difference between the gas flow velocity V1 at the outlet of the inflow guide pipe 10 and the gas flow velocity V2 at the outlet of the main body pipe 20, as shown in FIG. It means the point at which the difference (ΔV=V1-V2) changes rapidly. That is, frost is generated by the phase change of water (H ₂ O) contained in the gas, and the inner diameter of the main body tube 20 is gradually narrowed by this frost, and thus, the inflow guide tube 10 ) The flow velocity V1 at the outlet side is constant while the flow velocity V2 at the outlet side of the main body 20 gradually increases. In addition, when the generated frost fills all the spaces of the body tube 20, some of the frosts weakly coupled to each other are caused by the flow velocity V1 on the outlet side of the inflow guide tube 10. ) Is discharged to the outlet, the flow velocity V2 on the outlet side is lowered, and as a result, ΔV decreases.

Table 1 shows the density of the present invention frost measured when the phase-changed frost reached the saturation point by heating and cooling the gas as described above.

Frost density (inflow temperature 60℃, cooling temperature -20℃) Volume (mL) Frost weight (g) Density (g/mL) One 0.558 0.124 0.21 2 0.572 0.128 0.22 3 0.551 0.127 0.23 4 0.568 0.131 0.24 5 0.565 0.125 0.22 6 0.564 0.128 0.23 7 0.567 0.126 0.22 Average 0.23

<Example 2>

Example 1 except that the inlet temperature of the gas containing water (H ₂ O) is adjusted to 60°C, and then the gas adjusted to the temperature range is transferred to the main body pipe 20 maintained at -30°C. Was the same as

Frost density (inflow temperature 60℃, cooling temperature -30℃) Volume (mL) Frost weight (g) Density (g/mL) One 0.976 0.169 0.174 2 0.978 0.168 0.172 3 0.979 0.165 0.169 4 0.975 0.170 0.175 5 0.969 0.177 0.183 Average 0.174

<Example 3>

Example 1 except that the inlet temperature of the gas containing water (H ₂ O) is adjusted to 60°C, and then the gas adjusted to the temperature range is transferred to the main body pipe 20 maintained at -40°C. Was the same as

Frost density (inlet temperature 60℃, cooling temperature -40℃) Volume (mL) Frost weight (g) Density (g/mL) One 1.043 0.159 0.153 2 1.043 0.161 0.154 3 1.052 0.159 0.151 4 1.045 0.168 0.161 5 1.037 0.169 0.163 Average 0.157

<Example 4>

Example 1 except that the inlet temperature of the gas containing water (H ₂ O) is adjusted to 60°C, and then the gas adjusted to the temperature range is transferred to the main body pipe 20 maintained at -50°C. Was the same as

Frost density (inlet temperature 60℃, cooling temperature -50℃) Volume (mL) Frost weight (g) Density (g/mL) One 1.182 0.155 0.131 2 1.167 0.140 0.120 3 1.156 0.143 0.123 4 1.172 0.149 0.127 5 1.178 0.150 0.128 Average 0.126

<Example 5>

Example 1 except that the inlet temperature of the gas containing water (H ₂ O) is adjusted to 100°C, and then the gas adjusted in the temperature range is transferred to the main body pipe 20 maintained at -20°C. Is the same as

Frost density (inflow temperature 100℃, cooling temperature -20℃) Volume (mL) Frost weight (g) Density (g/mL) One 0.579 0.118 0.203 2 0.580 0.125 0.215 3 0.585 0.117 0.200 4 0.579 0.126 0.218 5 0.583 0.117 0.201 Average 0.207

<Example 6>

Example 1 except that the inlet temperature of the gas containing water (H ₂ O) is adjusted to 100°C, and then the gas adjusted in the temperature range is transferred to the main body pipe 20 maintained at -30°C. Was the same as

Frost density (inlet temperature 100℃, cooling temperature -30℃) Volume (mL) Frost weight (g) Density (g/mL) One 0.961 0.163 0.169 2 0.959 0.165 0.172 3 0.970 0.158 0.163 4 0.967 0.160 0.165 5 0.956 0.178 0.186 Average 0.171

<Example 7>

Example 1 except that the inlet temperature of the gas containing water (H ₂ O) is adjusted to 100°C, and then the gas adjusted to the temperature range is transferred to the main body pipe 20 maintained at -40°C. Was the same as

Frost density (inflow temperature 100℃, cooling temperature -40℃) Volume (mL) Frost weight (g) Density (g/mL) One 1.026 0.129 0.125 2 1.058 0.127 0.120 3 1.064 0.128 0.120 4 1.072 0.129 0.121 5 1.061 0.147 0.138 Average 0.125

<Example 8>

Example 1 except that the inlet temperature of the gas containing water (H ₂ O) is adjusted to 100°C, and then the gas adjusted to the temperature range is transferred to the main body tube 20 maintained at -50°C. Is the same as

Frost density (inflow temperature 100℃, cooling temperature -50℃) Volume (mL) Frost weight (g) Density (g/mL) One 1.107 0.135 0.122 2 1.112 0.124 0.111 3 1.104 0.121 0.110 4 1.099 0.137 0.124 5 1.124 0.130 0.116 Average 0.117

As generally known, the density of water is about 1 g/mL and ice is about 0.92 g/mL, whereas the density of frost in the present invention is 0.11 to 0.24 g/mL, which is about 1/10 compared to water or ice. It was found to be only about 1/5. That is, the frost generated through the water (H ₂ O) removal method of the present invention has a very low density because it forms a space between crystal grains, and this space acts as a passage through which gas can pass. Therefore, there is an effect of minimizing the clogging of the pipeline.

Since the specific parts of the present invention have been described in detail above, to those skilled in the art, this specific technology is only a preferred embodiment, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the scope and technical thought, and it is natural that such modifications and modifications fall within the scope of the appended claims.

10: inflow guide tube
11: heating means
20: main body tube
21: cooling means

Claims (2)

An inflow guide pipe 10 having a via space inside and provided with a heating peltier at the outer periphery; And
A body pipe 20 provided at the rear end of the inflow guide pipe 10 and having a hollow space portion inside and provided with a cooling peltier on one side of the outer periphery of the air pollutant using the MPEVA effect in a moisture removal device including It is a method of removing only the water (H ₂ 0),
Heating the gaseous material containing the water (H ₂ O) to 60° C. to 150° C. while passing through the inflow induction pipe 10; And
And cooling the gaseous material containing the water (H ₂ O) to -20°C to -50°C while passing through the main tube 20,
The cooling step,
The water (H ₂ O) contained in the gaseous material is phase-changed into a low-density frost having a density of 0.11 to 0.24 g/cm 3 in the body tube 20 and a space formed between the water particles;
Growing the low-density frost in only one direction inside the main body tube 20; And
Including; the step of discharging the grown low-density frost through the outlet of the main body pipe 20 by being cut off by a physical impact with the gaseous substance into which it is introduced,
The air pollutant is a gas for measurement and analysis of air pollutants, characterized in that it contains any one or more pollutants of ultrafine dust, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, greenhouse gases, carbon monoxide, odorous substances, heavy metals and volatile organic compounds. A method of removing only water (H ₂ O) contained in the phase material. delete

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