KR102142068B1 - Condensation pressure control device utilizing heat pump and its control method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a condensation pressure control device using a heat pump and a control method thereof. The device comprises: a main controller providing electric signals making it possible driving the device; a circulation pump controlling a water circulation quantity through input and output of water; a four-directional valve positioned at a coolant moving path to an evaporator and a compressor; a high pressure switch capable of controlling whether to drive the circulation pump according to a condensation pressure reference value when a driving signal is transferred to the circulation pump; relay 1 forming a transfer path with contact point A of relay 1 and contact point B of relay 1 according to the driving signal of the main controller; relay 2 of which driving is controlled according to electric signal branching of the high pressure switch, and which includes contact point A of relay 2; and relay 3 activated by the driving signal of the four-directional valve and including contact point A of relay 3, wherein the high pressure switch is configured to make a path selectively branch off into a low pressure contact point and a high pressure contact point according to a condensation pressure reference value to transfer the electric signals such that the compressor, the circulation pump and the four-directional valve are driven according to actuation methods such as hot water heating, freeze protection, and defrosting operation steps and the condensation pressure is regularly maintained even at low temperature of cool water to ensure a stable coolant circulation quantity according to a control method through a relay, thereby maximizing efficiency of the heat pump in accordance with high pressure and low pressure formation optimized within the heat pump.

Description

Condensation pressure control device utilizing heat pump and its control method

The present invention relates to a condensing pressure control device using a heat pump and a control method thereof, and more specifically, a device that absorbs heat from a low-temperature heat source to generate a high-temperature heat source to release heat at a place where heat is required. Even in low temperature water, it is possible to provide a function that enables heating by securing a stable refrigerant circulation by maintaining a constant condensing pressure.

In general, a heat pump is used to transfer heat from one place to another, and is a device that pumps heat from low temperature to high temperature as opposed to a natural phenomenon that flows from high temperature to low temperature until heat reaches equilibrium. It was developed for the purpose of taking away the surrounding heat by evaporating compressed refrigerant, such as the first refrigerator and air conditioner, and a cooling device that transfers a low-temperature heat source to a high temperature by using heat or condensation heat of a refrigerant, a heating device that delivers a high-temperature heat source to a low temperature, It will cover both air conditioning and heating equipment.

It is divided into electric type, engine type, air heat source type, hydrothermal source type, and geothermal source type according to the driving method. It is heated and cooled according to the range of use of the hot air type, cold air type and hot water type, cold water type and pump according to the heat supply method. It is classified as dehumidification, combined use of air conditioning and heating.

Basically, a heat compression system consists of a vapor compression cycle system, and the system passes refrigerant through a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, an evaporator, and a compressor.

In order to dissipate heat where heat is required by using the principle and configuration of such a heat pump, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0930298 discloses a compressor 11 and a condenser 12 as shown in FIG. 1 of the present specification. , Heat pump cycle (10) consisting of an expansion valve (13) and an evaporator (14) is connected to the ground water supply pipe (1) and the recovery pipe (2) when heated, and connected to the evaporator of the heat pump cycle, and the cooling and heating water supply pipe (3) and recovery Connect the pipe (4) to the condenser, connect the ground water supply pipe (1) and the recovery pipe (2) to the condenser of the heat pump cycle during cooling, and connect the cooling and cooling water supply pipe (3) and the recovery pipe (4) to the evaporator The first and second flow path switching means (20,30) for switching the flow path and the cooling and cooling water recovery pipes and supply pipes are connected, and the indoor water is heated by exchanging heating water or cooling water and indoor air supplied through the cooling and cooling water recovery pipes. Or a cooling and heating system using a geothermal heat and heat pump cycle consisting of a heat exchanger 40 for cooling is posted.

However, in the prior art, to cool and heat the refrigerant by changing the flow of the refrigerant, in order to prevent the efficiency from being reduced due to the four sides passing at this time, rather than the flow of the refrigerant in the heat pump cycle, the flow of the ground water and the heating and cooling water is to be switched. Did. This causes the condensation temperature to drop rapidly when cold water below a certain temperature flows in winter, resulting in a low condensing pressure, which causes a shortage of refrigerant flow through the expansion valve, deteriorating the efficiency of the heat pump or overheating and burnout of the compressor due to insufficient refrigerant circulation. There are problems that can occur.

Republic of Korea Registered Patent Publication No. 10-0930298 (2009.11.30)

In order to solve the problems as described above, in the present invention, the condensing pressure is kept constant even at a low cold water temperature in winter to secure a stable refrigerant circulation amount, thereby maximizing the efficiency by forming optimized high pressure and low pressure in the heat pump. An object of the present invention is to provide a condensing pressure control device using a heat pump and a control method therefor.

In order to achieve the objective, a compressor that vaporizes and discharges refrigerant compressed at high temperature and high pressure, a condenser that converts the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant that has passed through the compressor into a high pressure liquid refrigerant, and the refrigerant that has passed through the condenser at low temperature and low pressure. In the condensing pressure control device using a heat pump comprising an expansion valve for expanding with a liquid refrigerant of the evaporator to return the low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas to the compressor by evaporating the expanded refrigerant that has passed through the expansion valve, the operation of the device A main controller that provides an electric signal to enable, a circulation pump that regulates the amount of water circulation through intake and outflow, a four-way valve located in a refrigerant movement path to the evaporator and compressor, and a driving signal to the compressor and the circulation pump High pressure switch that can control whether or not the circulation pump is driven according to the reference value of the condensing pressure when is delivered, and relay 1, which is a relay 1 A contact and relay 1 B contact according to the driving signal of the main controller. , It is composed of a relay 2 that is controlled according to the electrical signal branch of the high-pressure switch and includes a relay 2 A contact, and a relay 3 that is activated by a driving signal of the four-way valve and includes a relay 3 A contact, and the high voltage The switch is a condensing pressure control device using a heat pump through which a path is selectively branched to a low pressure contact and a high pressure contact according to a standard value of condensation pressure so that an electric signal can be transmitted.

Another feature of the present invention is provided with a status confirmation unit consisting of a signal input unit and an alarm signal output unit for receiving an electrical signal to indicate the state of the device driven by the electrical signal generated by the main controller. It consists of a dual path of a water flow switch and a relay 2 A contact on the path for transmitting a signal to the alarm signal output unit.

In another aspect of the present invention, in a condensing pressure control method using a heat pump,

When the main controller generates an electrical signal for driving the compressor and the circulation pump, the compressor is operated. At this time, the electrical signal is branched to activate relay 1, and the electrical signal moved to the circulation pump is transmitted through relay 1 A contact. The relay 1 is deactivated when the hot water heating operation step is transmitted to the high pressure switch and the operation of the circulation pump is controlled according to the condensing pressure value, and when the main controller generates an electric signal for driving the circulation pump without a compressor driving signal. In accordance with this, the driving signal of the circulating pump is transmitted to the relay 1 B contact, and a freeze-preventing operation step of driving the circulating pump, and the main controller generates a driving electric signal of a four-way valve to drive the four-way valve. The branched electric signal is composed of a defrosting operation step in which relay 3 is activated to transmit an electrical signal to relay 3 A contact, and an electrical signal for driving a circulation pump is connected through relay 3 A contact to drive the circulation pump. When the condensing pressure value measured in the hot water heating operation step is less than the condensing pressure reference value set in the high-pressure switch, it is connected to a low-pressure contact to operate relay 2 so that a signal can be transmitted to relay 2 A contact and the circulation The pump is not driven, so a low-pressure hot water heating operation step in which only the compressor is driven is included, and when the measured condensing pressure value is higher than the standard value of the condensing pressure set in the high-pressure switch, the relay 2 is deactivated and the circulation pump is driven. It is a condensing pressure control method using a heat pump characterized in that it comprises a high-pressure hot water heating operation step driven with the compressor.

As described above, through the condensing pressure control device using the heat pump according to the present invention and a control method thereof, the condensing pressure is kept constant even at low cold water temperature in winter to secure a stable refrigerant circulation amount, and through this, it is optimized in the heat pump. By maximizing the efficiency of the heat pump unit according to the formation of high pressure and low pressure, it enables hot water heating operation, freeze prevention operation, defrosting operation, and has the effect of reducing post-management costs through prevention of damage to the compressor and extension of life.

1 is a functional diagram of an air conditioning system using a conventional geothermal and heat pump cycle.
2 is a control signal flow configuration diagram of a condensing pressure device using a heat pump according to the present invention.
Figure 3 is a signal input configuration of the condensing pressure device using a heat pump according to the present invention.
Figure 4 is a flow diagram of a method for controlling a hot water heating operation step of a condensing pressure device using a heat pump according to the present invention.
5 is a flow chart of a method for controlling the operation step of preventing freezing of a condensing pressure device using a heat pump according to the present invention.
6 is a flowchart of a method for controlling a defrosting operation step of a condensing pressure device using a heat pump according to the present invention.

A basic heat pump system is a device that absorbs heat from low temperature heat sources such as outside air, low temperature water, and well water to create high temperature heat sources such as warm indoor air and hot water to release heat from places where heat is needed. Driving energy is required to move.

It is common to classify air-to-air, air-to-water, water-to-air and water-to-water depending on the heat exchange medium of the heat source side (the part receiving heat from the heat pump) and the part dissipating heat from the heat pump. In addition, since geothermal heat is used as an important heat source in geothermal heat pump systems widely used in Europe and North America, the method of geothermal water or geothermal air can also be considered. The most used driving energy is electric energy, which is used to drive a compressor for compressing a refrigerant, which is a working fluid of a heat pump system. In addition to the electric energy, there may be mentioned driving using thermal energy. A typical example is an absorption heat pump using steam, hot water, and combustion gas. There is also a method of obtaining power using an engine that directly burns fuel and using it to drive a compressor for compressing refrigerant. A system for operating a heat pump using an engine that burns gas has been widely used.

The most important feature of a general heat pump is that it can supply more energy in the form of heat energy than is necessary for driving, and this makes it possible to use energy reasonably when using a heat pump. At this time, the ratio of the size of the output heat energy supplied by the heat pump to the input energy required for driving the heat pump is called a coefficient of performance (COP), and in most cases, has a value greater than 1.

Based on the above, FIGS. 2 to 3 are each a control signal flow configuration diagram and a signal input unit configuration diagram of a condensing pressure apparatus using a heat pump according to the present invention, referring to this, a condensing pressure apparatus using the heat pump of the present invention. The detailed configuration is as follows.

A compressor that vaporizes and discharges refrigerant compressed at high pressure, a condenser that converts the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant that has passed through the compressor into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and an expansion valve that expands the refrigerant that has passed through the condenser into a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant. In the condensing pressure control device using a heat pump including an evaporator for evaporating the expanded refrigerant that has passed through the expansion valve and returning the low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas to the compressor, the main providing an electrical signal to enable the operation of the device The controller 10, a circulation pump 20 for controlling the amount of water circulation through intake and outflow, a four-way valve 30 located in a refrigerant movement path to the evaporator and compressor, a compressor and the circulation pump 20 When a drive signal is transmitted to the high pressure switch 40 that can control whether the circulation pump 20 is driven according to the reference value of the condensing pressure, and the relay 1 A contact according to the drive signal of the main controller 10 ( 51) and relay 1 Relay 1 (50), which is a transmission path to contact B (52), and driving 2 is controlled according to the electrical signal branch of the high-voltage switch (40) and Relay 2 (Contact 2) including contact A (61) 60, and is activated by the driving signal of the four-way valve 30 and is composed of relay 3 (70) including relay 3 A contact 71, and the high-pressure switch 40 according to the condensing pressure reference value The path is selectively branched to the low-voltage contact 41 and the high-voltage contact 42 to have an electric signal transmission structure.

At this time, the status checking unit 90, which is composed of a signal input unit 91 and an alarm signal output unit 92, which receives electric signals so as to indicate the state of the device driven by the electric signals generated by the main controller 10, ) Is provided, characterized in that it consists of a dual path of the water flow switch 80 and the relay 2 A contact 61 on the path for transmitting a signal from the signal input unit 91 to the alarm signal output unit 92. Is done.

4 to 5 is a flow chart of a control method for each operation step of the condensing pressure control device using the heat pump according to the present invention. Referring to this, the control method of the condensing pressure device using the heat pump of the present invention will be described below. same.

In a control method of a condensing pressure control device using a heat pump, when the main controller 10 generates electrical signals for driving the compressor and the circulation pump 20, the compressor is operated, and at this time, the electrical signals are branched to relay Activation of 1 (50) is transmitted to the high-pressure switch 40 through the relay 1 A contact 51 with the electrical signal to the circulation pump 20 and the operation of the circulation pump 20 according to the condensing pressure value When the hot water heating operation step (S10) in which the control is controlled and the main controller (10) generate an electric signal for driving the circulation pump (20) without a drive signal of the compressor, the relay (1) 50 is deactivated, and accordingly The driving signal of the circulation pump 20 is transmitted to the relay 1 B contact 52 to prevent the freezing operation step (S20) to drive the circulation pump 20, and the four-way valve 30 in the main controller 10 The four-way valve 30 is driven by generating a driving electric signal, and at this time, the branched electric signal activates the relay 3 70 to transmit the electric signal to the relay 3 A contact 71 and to the circulating pump 20. Condensation measured by the defrosting operation step (S30) in which the electrical signal for driving is connected through the relay 3 A contact 71 to drive the circulation pump 20, and is performed in the hot water heating operation step (S10). When the pressure value is less than the reference value of the condensing pressure set in the high pressure switch 40, it is connected to the low pressure contact 41 to operate the relay 2 (60) so that the signal can be transmitted to the relay 2 A contact (61). The circulation pump 20 includes a low-pressure hot water heating operation step (S11) in which only the compressor is driven by not being driven, and when the measured condensing pressure value is higher than the condensing pressure reference value set in the high-pressure switch 40, the high-pressure contact 42 It is connected to the relay 2 (60) is deactivated and driving the circulation pump (20) of the condensing pressure control device using a heat pump characterized in that it comprises a high-pressure hot water heating operation step (S12) driven with the compressor. It consists of a control method.

In addition, in the low-pressure hot water heating operation step (S11), even when the water flow switch 80 path is deactivated because water flow is not detected due to non-operation of the circulation pump 20, relay 2 (60) is activated and relayed 2 A contact 61 path may be connected to be selected as a signal transmission path from the signal input unit 91 to the alarm signal output unit 92. On the contrary, in the high-pressure hot water heating operation step (S12), the relay 2 (60) is deactivated, and accordingly, an electrical signal is not transmitted to the relay 2 A contact point (61), and the signal to the alarm signal output unit (92). The delivery path may be switched to the path of the water flow switch 80 which is activated by sensing the flow of water according to the driving of the circulation pump 20.

As described above, the driving of a specific device may be controlled through an electric signal generated from the main controller 10 according to the operation step, and at this time, the condensing pressure may be kept constant even at low cold water temperature in winter and stable refrigerant circulation may be secured. The driving of the circulation pump 20 may be controlled according to the set pressure reference value.

In addition, a state checking unit 90 including a signal input unit 91 and an alarm signal output unit 92 is provided to indicate the state of the device driven by the electrical signal generated by the main controller 10, and water is provided. An electronic signal may be transmitted through a dual connection path between the flow switch 80 and the relay 2 A contact 61. When the compressor and the circulation pump 20 are driven, a water flow switch 80 that detects the flow of water is connected to output a normal alarm signal, and the state of the heat pump is normal, but the circulation pump depends on the operation stage. When the 20 is not driven, the relay 2 A contact 61 is connected to display it as normal, so that the normal alarm signal can be output through the alarm signal output unit 92.

In this way, even in the low temperature of cold water in winter, the condensing pressure is maintained constant through the condensing pressure control device using a heat pump to ensure stable refrigerant circulation, and through this, the efficiency of the heat pump unit according to the formation of optimized high pressure and low pressure in the heat pump. By maximizing, it enables hot water heating operation, freeze prevention operation, and defrosting operation, and has the effect of reducing post-management costs through prevention of damage to the compressor and extension of life. This minimizes the reduction in efficiency due to insufficient circulation of refrigerant and prevents the evaporator from forming due to the decrease in evaporation pressure, thereby minimizing the defrosting operation due to the frequent evaporator to maximize COP.

For reference, products without a condensing pressure control device are not recommended to be used at boiler temperatures below 15℃ (waterworks temperature in winter is 5℃~10℃), so use in severe cold may be restricted.

Through the use of a circulating pump, the use of a water tank is maximized by preventing the mixing of the upper hot water and the lower direct water (low temperature water) of the hot water tank when the heat pump is operated, and the cost is reduced by minimizing the use of existing expensive fossil fuels due to the lower temperature of the tank. It can also be seen as an effect.

Although the present invention has been illustrated and described in connection with specific embodiments and application examples, it is common knowledge in the art that various modifications and changes are possible within the limits without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as indicated by the appended claims. Anyone who has a will know easily.

10. Main controller 20. Circulation pump
30. Four-way valve 40. High pressure switch
41. Low pressure contact 42. High pressure contact
50. Relay 1 51. Relay 1 A contact
52. Relay 1 B contact 60. Relay 2
61. Relay 2 A contact 70. Relay 3
71. Relay 3 A contact 80. Water flow switch
90. Status check section 91. Signal input section
92. Alarm signal output
S10. Hot water heating operation step S11. Low pressure hot water heating operation stage
S12. High pressure hot water heating operation step S20. Freeze prevention operation step
S30. Defrost operation stage

Claims (6)

A compressor for vaporizing and discharging the refrigerant compressed at high temperature and high pressure, a condenser for converting the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant passing through the compressor into a high pressure liquid refrigerant, and an expansion valve for expanding the refrigerant passing through the condenser to a low temperature and low pressure liquid refrigerant; In the condensing pressure control device using a heat pump comprising an evaporator to evaporate the expanded refrigerant that has passed through the expansion valve to return the low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas to the compressor,
A main controller 10 that provides an electrical signal that enables the drive of the device; and
A circulation pump (20) for controlling the amount of water circulation through the intake and outflow; and
A four-way valve (30) located in the refrigerant movement path to the evaporator and compressor; and
When a drive signal is transmitted to the compressor and the circulation pump 20, a high pressure switch 40 capable of controlling whether the circulation pump 20 is driven according to a reference value of condensing pressure;
A relay 1 (50) having a transmission path to the relay 1 A contact (51) and the relay 1 B contact (52) according to the driving signal of the main controller (10); and
Drive 2 is controlled according to the electrical signal branch of the high-voltage switch 40, and relay 2 (60) including relay 2 A contact 61; And
It is activated by the driving signal of the four-way valve 30 and is composed of relay 3 (70) including relay 3 A contact 71;
The high-pressure switch 40 is a condensing pressure control device using a heat pump, characterized in that the path is selectively branched to the low-pressure contact 41 and the high-pressure contact 42 according to the reference value of the condensing pressure so that an electrical signal can be transmitted. . According to claim 1,
A status checking unit 90 consisting of a signal input unit 91 and an alarm signal output unit 92 that receive electric signals to indicate the state of the device driven by the electric signals generated by the main controller 10; Equipped,
A heat pump comprising a dual path of a water flow switch (80) and a relay 2 A contact (61) on a path for transmitting a signal from the signal input unit (91) to the alarm signal output unit (92). Condensing pressure control device used. In the control method of the condensing pressure control device using a heat pump,
When the main controller 10 generates an electrical signal for driving the compressor and the circulation pump 20, the compressor is operated, and at this time, the electrical signal is branched to activate the relay 1 50 to the circulation pump 20. A hot water heating operation step (S10) in which the circulating pump 20 is operated according to the value of condensing pressure and transmitted to the high pressure switch 40 through the relay 1 A contact 51 together with the electric signal to be moved; and
When the main controller 10 generates an electric signal for driving the circulation pump 20 without a compressor driving signal, the relay 1 50 is deactivated, and accordingly, the relay 1 B contact 52 to the circulation pump 20 ) Drive signal is transmitted to prevent the freezing operation step (S20) to drive the circulation pump 20; and
The main controller 10 generates a driving electric signal of the four-way valve 30 to drive the four-way valve 30, and at this time, the branched electrical signal activates the relay 3 70 to activate the relay 3 A contact 71 The electrical signal is transmitted to the electrical signal for driving the circulation pump 20 is connected to the relay 3 A contact 71 through the defrosting operation step (S30) to drive the circulation pump 20; ,
When the condensing pressure value measured in the hot water heating operation step (S10) is less than the condensing pressure reference value set in the high-pressure switch 40, it is connected to the low-pressure contact 41 to operate the relay 2 (60) to operate the relay 2 A contact. It is possible to transmit a signal to the (61) and the circulation pump 20 is not driven by the low-pressure hot water heating operation step (S11) of driving only the compressor; is included,
When the measured condensing pressure value is higher than the reference value of the condensing pressure set in the high pressure switch 40, it is connected to the high pressure contact 42, the relay 2 60 is deactivated, and the circulation pump 20 is driven to be driven together with the compressor. High pressure hot water heating operation step (S12); Condensing pressure control method using a heat pump, characterized in that it is included. According to claim 3,
In the low-pressure hot water heating operation step (S11), even when the water flow switch 80 path is deactivated because water flow is not detected due to non-operation of the circulation pump 20, relay 2 (60) is activated and relay 2 A is activated. Condensing pressure control method using a heat pump, characterized in that the path of the contact point (61) is connected and is selected as the signal transmission path from the signal input section (91) to the alarm signal output section (92). According to claim 3,
In the high-pressure hot water heating operation step (S12), the relay 2 (60) is deactivated, and accordingly, an electrical signal is not transmitted to the relay 2 A contact point (61), and the signal transmission path to the alarm signal output section (92). Condensing pressure control method using a heat pump, characterized in that selected as the path of the water flow switch 80 is activated by the detection of the flow of water according to the circulation pump 20 is driven. delete

Images