KR102126113B1 - Science tools for convection experiments - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a scientific instrument for convection experiments that enables clear observation of convection and effective understanding. In the scientific equipment for convection experiments, a vessel member is provided with two storage portions so that materials having different temperatures are stored in two parts so that convection flow occurs, and an opening is formed at one side to cover the vessel member from above. , A cover member of a transparent material having an interior space for convection flow therein, and a partition provided to divide the interior space of the vessel member into two parts and to be drawn out from the vessel member to the rear.

Description

Scientific equipment for convection experiments {SCIENCE TOOLS FOR CONVECTION EXPERIMENTS}

The present invention relates to a scientific equipment for convection experiments, and more particularly, to a scientific equipment for convection experiments that can clearly observe the convection phenomenon and effectively understand it.

Convection is a phenomenon in which a substance moves in a fluid such as a gas or a liquid and heat is transferred. When a portion of the fluid is heated, the heated fluid expands and rises as it becomes lighter and less dense than the surroundings.

On the other hand, in the case of the atmosphere, the temperature difference occurs because the surface of the surface is unevenly heated by the solar heat, and the heated air expands and becomes smaller in density than the surrounding air, and the hot air in which the density decreases increases and transfers heat upward. Do it. At this time, the relatively heavy and cold air descends near the surface and rises upward when the air descending near the surface warms up again. This vertical exchange is called convection.

On the other hand, the sea has a large heat capacity, so it takes a long time to warm up by the sun, and the temperature of the water surface rises slowly as the sea water mixes. On the other hand, the surface of the land has a smaller heat capacity than the sea, so it heats up quickly and cools down quickly. The medium-scale coastal wind caused by the uneven heating of the land and the sea is called a terrestrial wind, and is divided into sea wind and land wind as follows.

During the day, the land is heated first, causing the temperature above the land to rise, and the warm air above the land expands and becomes lighter, rising upwards. On the other hand, air above the sea is denser because it has a lower temperature than land due to uneven heating. The difference in temperature above the land and the sea that occurs during the day brings a difference in the density of air, which is represented by a difference in air pressure, and by the redistribution of air pressure, the wind blows from the sea near the surface during the day (sea wind), and at night. The land is cooled before the sea, and wind blows from the land to the sea (land wind).

Meanwhile, in the elementary school curriculum, convection box experiments that can observe the above convection phenomenon through experiments have been continuously included, and scientific equipment for convection box experiments has also been developed through continuous improvement.

Conventional convection box experimental scientific equipment can be divided into chimney type and water tank type. The chimney type was used for the 6th and 7th 2007 revised curriculum, and the water tank type was used for the 5th 2009 revised curriculum.

In the case of the chimney type, the'dark box' is an experimental device that has been remodeled, and the incense is put inside to continuously observe the movement of the incense smoke. Since the incense was continuously supplied, a hole through which smoke could escape was installed in the form of a chimney, and experiments were conducted using dry soil and ice to show the temperature difference between land and sea during the day.

Since the chimney type uses ice, the temperature difference is large, and the inside of the convection box is difficult for students to observe, and the chimney looks like an element involved in the convection phenomenon.

In the case of a water tank type, since there are many transparent parts, the inside is easily seen, but since the incense smoke is temporarily injected, the smoke is quickly scattered and thus becomes difficult to observe. In addition, when heating with a light bulb at the same time as the experiment in the fifth training course, there was a problem in that the air around the bulb was first heated to obtain an accurate test result. In the 2009 revised curriculum, it was heated with a heat bulb through improvement. I put it back, but the warming time was so long that the preparation time interfered with the class.

In addition, the biggest problem of the scientific equipment for convection box experiments presented in the previous curriculum is that it is difficult to observe the movement of smoke, and due to the temperature difference rather than convection, the sufficient height for convection circulation is not secured. There was a problem that an effective experimental learning effect could not be obtained because the activity of observing the incense smoke temporarily moving in the diagonal direction was the focus.

Public Utility Model Publication No. 20-2011-003993 (2011.04.22.) Publication Patent Publication No. 10-2011-0107602 (2011.10.04.) Patent Publication No. 10-2015-0017257 (2011.04.22.)

The present invention has been proposed to solve the above problems, by improving the width of the convection box so that the circulating structure of the convection can be observed clearly, or can be drawn out the partition to separate the interior space of the convection box to the rear. By installing, the temperature difference between air on sand and air on water can be clearly compared when the partition is present, or can be observed from the beginning of convection flow when the partition is separated, and the temperature difference between sand and water is set to 30℃. By allowing the convection flow to be observed for a long time, or by making the upper edge of the inside of the convection box to be curved, remove the vortex generated at the inside of the convection box so that the convection flow can be observed in a circulating form, or LED lights By installing it, the heat generated by the lighting equipment can be minimized to minimize the effect on the convection flow so that the convection flow can be clearly observed, or incense can be injected into each space separated by the partition when the partition is installed. The purpose of this study is to provide scientific equipment for convection experiments that allow students to observe and reason about the movement of air by installing an inlet.

Scientific equipment for convection experiments according to an aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, the vessel member provided with two storage units for receiving each of the experimental materials at different temperatures; An opening formed on one side so as to cover the bowl member from above, an internal space provided therein, having a rectangular parallelepiped or rectangular box shape, and at least one surface formed of a transparent material; And a partition which is installed to divide the inner space portion of the cover member into two regions, and moves to the rear of the cover member to form the two regions into one region.

The scientific equipment for convection experiment according to another embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object, and a vessel member provided with two storage units so that materials having different temperatures can be divided into two parts and stored to generate convection flow, An opening is formed on one side to cover the vessel member from above, and a convection box including a transparent cover member provided with an internal space for convection flow therein, and an internal space of the convection box are divided into two parts. The partition material is installed so as to be withdrawn to the rear of the cover member of the convection box so as not to be distinguished, and the experimental material having a different temperature contained in each storage compartment divided into two parts of the vessel member, It may be inserted through the cover member of the convection box, it may include a smoke generating member for providing smoke so that the convection flow can be visually derived in the interior space.

The cover member has an outer shape of a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and its lateral length or height length may be several times its width. The horizontal length of the cover member may be greater than the height length, but is not limited thereto. As an example, the ratio of the width, height, and width of the cover member may be about 5:4:1. In an implementation, the width of the cover member is preferably greater than 5 cm and less than 20 cm, more preferably about 10 cm. If a convection box including such a cover member is used, it may be most suitable for observation and storage of scientific equipment.

Experimental materials at different temperatures contained in the vessel member are sand and water, and the temperature difference between sand and water is preferably 5°C or higher and 40°C or lower, and more preferably 20°C to 30°C. If the temperature difference between the experimental materials is 5°C or more and less than 20°C, a relatively slow convection phenomenon can be observed in the convection box of the same size compared to the case of 20°C to 30°C. As a result, rapid convection phenomenon can be observed.

The upper edge portion inside the convection box is preferably made of a curved shape so that the convection flow can be observed in a circulating form. The curved shape may include a configuration of directly processing a corresponding portion of the cover member into a curved shape, or may include installing a separate corner complementary device at a right-angled corner portion located at both edges of the inner upper portion of the cover member. The edge compensating device may include a block having a groove or a protrusion that engages a protrusion or a groove of the cover member and a curved surface having a concave surface. This block may be referred to as a streamlined corner forming block.

The partition 800 may be installed to be reciprocating in the width direction of the cover member. In that case, the partition may or may not be separated from the cover member. When separated, the scientific equipment for convection experiments may further include a side cover that blocks a side opening of the cover member through which the partition enters and exits. The side cover is not particularly limited as long as it has a color similar to that of a black acrylic background and is a means or member for blocking the side openings. The side cover may be formed of a flexible member different from the cover member to be partially fixed to the cover member. The flexible member may include cloth, rubber, and the like.

The convection box is provided with a lighting device for clear observation of the convection flow, and the lighting device preferably includes a light emitting diode (LED) light so as to minimize the effect of heat on the convection flow, but is not limited thereto. Does not. The lighting device may be a lighting device using another conventional light source, such as an organic light emitting diode (OLED).

The luminaire is connected to an externally located battery and can be operated by battery power. The battery may include an auxiliary battery for charging a portable device.

It is preferable that the smoke generating members are respectively put into both spaces inside the convection box separated by the partitions in a state in which a partition is installed in the cover member of the convection box. To this end, the cover member may be provided with a hole through which smoke can be injected from the outside or a smoke generating member is inserted into the two regions partitioned by the partition. These holes may be formed on the left side and right side of the convection box, respectively, when viewed from the front.

It is preferable that digital thermometers are installed in both spaces inside the convection box separated by the partitions to accurately measure convective flow according to temperature. The digital thermometer can be installed to measure the ambient temperature on the laboratory material located inside the lid member.

It is preferable that the scientific equipment for convection experiments further includes a plurality of image cards that can be repeatedly attached and detached to the cover member of the convection box during the experiment, and that assist in intuition that can be removed and stored after the experiment.

The image card is a first image card marked with an arrow so that it can be pasted where convective flow appears, a second image card marked with'air' that can be attached to a relatively large amount of air, and a high-pressure and low-pressure part. A third image card showing'high pressure' and'low pressure' that can be pasted, a fourth image card showing the shape of water vapor that can be pasted in the area where hot air raised by convection is located, and a fifth image showing the observer's male or female figure It is preferred to include at least one of a sixth image card for card, night or day.

In order to solve the above technical problem, a scientific equipment for convection experiment according to another aspect of the present invention includes: a bowl member provided with two storage units for accommodating experimental materials at different temperatures, respectively; An opening is formed on the lower side so as to cover the bowl member from above, an internal space is provided therein, and has a rectangular parallelepiped or rectangular box shape, and at least the front cover is formed of a transparent material; A partition which is installed to divide the internal space portion of the cover member into two areas and is installed to move to the rear of the cover member to form the two areas into one area; And two input holes which are respectively disposed on the left side and the right side of the lid member and penetrate the lid member from the outside to the inside when the lid member is viewed from the front, wherein the inner top of the lid member is provided. Both sides of the corner portion have a curved surface, the partition is a plate-shaped body, coupled to the front-side cross-section of the body and the body is moved to the rear, the opening through which the body passes through the inside of the cover member It is provided with a front vertical cover which blocks on the side, and an external exposure handle which is coupled to the rear end surface of the body and closes the opening on the outside outside of the cover member in a state where the body moves forward to contact the front surface of the cover member. .

In order to solve the above technical problem, a method of operating a scientific equipment for convection experiment according to another aspect of the present invention, setting the temperature of different experimental materials contained in two storage parts on a vessel member to be greater than 20°C and less than 40°C ; Forming a convection box by covering the lid member on the vessel member, wherein the inner space portion of the lid member is divided into two space portions on the left and right sides by partitions on the plate extending in the transverse direction; Generating smoke in each of the two spaces by introducing a smoke generating member through the input holes on both side surfaces of the cover member; And forming the two spaces into one by moving the partition when smoke on a relatively high temperature experimental material spreads throughout the space.

In one embodiment, the width of the cover member is greater than 5 cm and less than 20 cm, the front width and height length of the cover member are several times the width length, and the width is greater than the height length.

According to the scientific equipment for convection experiments as described above, by improving the width of the convection box, the circulation structure of the convection can be clearly observed, and by installing a partition that divides the internal space of the convection box so as to be withdrawn, When the partition is present, the temperature difference between the air on the sand and the air on the water can be clearly compared, and when the partition is separated, the convection flow is rapidly formed and can last for a long time, and by setting the temperature difference between sand and water to 30°C, the convection flow This can be observed for a long time, and by making the upper edge portion inside the convection box to be curved, it is possible to remove the vortex generated at the inside corner of the convection box so that the convection flow can be observed in a circulating form. By installing, the heat generated by the lighting equipment is minimized to minimize the effect on the convective flow so that the convective flow can be clearly observed, and by inserting fragrance into each space separated by the partition in the state where the partition is installed, It enables students to predict and reason about the movement of air by enabling observation of air movement according to temperature.

1 is a view showing a scientific equipment for convection experiment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2A is a schematic front view of a state in which a partition is removed from scientific equipment for convection experiment according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2b is a rear view of the scientific equipment for convection experiment of Figure 2a.
FIG. 2C is a rear view of a state in which a partition is installed in the scientific equipment for convection experiment of FIG. 2B.
Figure 2d is a plan view of the partition of Figure 2c.
Figure 3a is a right side of the scientific equipment for convection experiment of Figure 2c.
Figure 3b is a plan view of the scientific equipment for convection experiment of Figure 2c.
Figure 3c is a view for explaining the structure and operation principle for the partition of the scientific equipment for convection experiment of Figure 3b.
FIG. 4 is an exemplary view of an image card applicable to the scientific equipment for convection experiment of FIG. 2C.
5 is a view for explaining the operating principle of the scientific equipment for convection experiment of Figure 2c.
6 is a view showing an experiment scene for determining the width of the convection box in the scientific equipment for convection experiment of this embodiment.
7 is a view showing an experiment scene for determining the division of the internal space of the convection box in the scientific equipment for convection experiment of the present embodiment.
8 is a view showing an experiment scene for determining the temperature of the material in the scientific equipment for convection experiment of the present embodiment.
9 is a view showing an experiment scene for determining the shape of the convection box in the scientific equipment for convection experiment of the present embodiment.
10 is a view showing an experiment scene for determining the shape of a convection box in the scientific equipment for convection experiment of the present embodiment.
11 is a view showing an experimental scene for determining the input position of the smoke input member in the scientific equipment for convection experiment of the present embodiment.
12A to 12F are diagrams for explaining an actual convection experiment process in preparation for convection experiment of the scientific equipment for convection experiment of FIG. 2C.

In describing the present invention, when it is determined that detailed descriptions of related known functions or configurations may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted. Even if the terms are the same, it is said in advance that the reference numerals do not match if the parts to be displayed are different.

In addition, the terms to be described later are terms set in consideration of the functions in the present invention, which may vary depending on the intention or custom of the operator, such as an experimenter and a measurer, so the definition should be made based on the contents throughout the present specification.

In the present specification, terms such as first and second may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from other components.

For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be referred to as the second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as the first component. The term and/or includes the sum of a plurality of sets of related listed items or any of the plurality of related listed items.

The terms used herein are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Terms such as those defined in a commonly used dictionary should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with meanings in the context of related technologies, and should not be interpreted as ideal or excessively formal meanings unless explicitly defined in the present application. Does not.

Also, when a part is said to "include" a certain component, this means that other components may be further included rather than excluding other components unless specifically stated to the contrary.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in each drawing denote the same members.

1 is a view showing a scientific equipment for convection experiment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the scientific equipment 100a for convection experiment according to the present embodiment has a substantially rectangular shape on the front surface, a thickness W of greater than 5 cm and less than 20 cm, and a longitudinal length of the front surface. (W) is several times, the transverse length is several times the thickness (W), the longitudinal length is provided with a rectangular box shape larger than the transverse length.

Scientific equipment for convection experiments (100a) is provided with a group member 110, the cover member 120, the partition 200, the input hole 121, the lighting device 500 and the thermometer 600.

The group member 110 has a bottom plate 111 and two storage portions 112 and 113 which are disposed on the bottom plate 111 and accommodate experimental materials of different temperatures, respectively. Experimental materials at different temperatures have different heat capacities, and any material can be used as long as they can cope with land and sea having different temperatures at the same time of day due to weather or sunlight. The material can be, for example, sand and water.

The lid member 120 may be made of a transparent member on at least the front and two sides. The cover member 120 is provided with an opening on the lower side so as to cover the bowl member 110 from above, an internal space is provided therein, and has a rectangular parallelepiped shape or a rectangular box shape. Here, both inner and upper corner portions of the cover member 120 have a curved shape. The curved shape may be implemented by disposing a separate corner filling member 122 on the inner upper coder of the cover member 120, but is not limited thereto. The corner filling member 122 may have a structure in which one surface of a short triangular rod having a triangular cross section is formed as a concave curved surface, and hereinafter referred to as a'block'.

The input hole 121 is installed on each of both sides of the cover member 120. The input hole 121 is a component for inserting smoke generation means through the cover member or injecting smoke generated from the smoke generation means, but the input hole 121 is a cover member 120 after completing the smoke generation process It is preferably configured to block fluid flow inside and outside, but is not limited thereto. In one example, the fluid flow section of the input hole 121 by a predetermined protrusion attached to the outside may be installed to extend a predetermined length while being thicker than the thickness of the side member of the cover member 120, whereby the input hole ( 121) It is possible to achieve the desired purpose by limiting the flow of the fluid entering and exiting. Needless to say, the configuration of the input hole 121 may be additionally applied with the input hole structure described later.

The partition 200 is disposed to divide the inner space portion of the cover member 120 into two areas and is movably installed to the rear of the cover member 120. In the state in which the partition 200 moves rearward, two regions of the inner space portion of the cover member 120 are formed as one region. In this embodiment, although the operation structure of the partition 200 is not clearly illustrated, it is needless to say that the operation structure of the embodiment described later can be applied.

2A is a schematic front view of a state in which a partition is removed from a convection experiment scientific equipment according to another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2B is a rear view of the scientific equipment for convection experiment in FIG. 2A, and FIG. 2C is convection in FIG. 2B FIG. 2D is a plan view of the partition of FIG. 2C, FIG. 3A is a right side view of the scientific equipment for convection experiment of FIG. 2C, and FIG. 3B is for convection experiment of FIG. 2C It is a plan view of the scientific equipment, Figure 3c is a view for explaining the structure and operation principle of the partition of the scientific equipment for convection experiment of Figure 3b, Figure 4 is a picture card that can be applied to the scientific equipment for convection experiment of Figure 2c 5C is a diagram for explaining the operating principle of the scientific equipment for convection experiment of FIG. 2C.

2A to 5, the scientific equipment 100 for convection experiment according to the present embodiment includes a vessel member 110, a lid member 120 and a partition 200.

The vessel member 110 is provided with two storage parts 112 and 113 for receiving experimental materials 301 and 302 at different temperatures, respectively.

The cover member 120 is provided with an opening on one side or a lower side thereof so as to cover the bowl member 110 from above, has a rectangular parallelepiped shape or a rectangular box shape, and a space portion (inner space) is provided therein and at least one side It can be formed of a transparent material.

The partition 200 is installed so as to divide the inner space of the cover member 120 into two regions, and is removably installed to move to the rear of the cover member 120 to form the two regions as one region.

The coupling structure between the bowl member 110 and the lid member 120 may be referred to as a convection box. The convection box is made of a rectangular parallelepiped, and can be placed on the floor or on the desk in a classroom or laboratory. Experimental materials 301 and 302 may be contained in the two storage units 112 and 113 disposed in the convection box. Experimental materials may be sand and water, but are not limited thereto.

More specifically, the vessel member 110 is made of a synthetic resin material, and is not necessarily transparent, but at least the front is transparent so that the experimental materials 301 and 302 stored in the vessel member 110 can be seen from the front. It is preferably made of. When considering the strength, weight and cost, the bowl member 100 is preferably made of an acrylic material.

The bowl member 110 includes a bottom plate 111 and two storage parts 112 and 113 installed on the bottom plate 111. The storage parts 112 and 113 not only prevent the experimental materials 301 and 302 stored in each from leaking to the outside, but also open only the upper side so that convective smoke does not permeate, and the remaining part is a sealed rectangle without a gap. It can be made in a box shape. When the sealing property is added to the vessel member 110, the convection observation time can be extended to about 180 minutes. This is because when a gap exists between the bowl member 110 and the cover member 120, vortices that may occur due to the effect of the gap are removed.

The cover member 120 is made of a synthetic resin material, it is necessary to be made of a transparent material for observation of the convection flow, when considering the strength, weight and cost, it is preferably made of a transparent acrylic material. The cover member 120 is made of a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape except for the opening for covering the bowl member 110, and when the cover member 120 is completely coupled to the bowl member 110, the cover member 120 is a bowl member In addition to the bottom plate 111 of 110, it is formed in a cuboid shape as a whole.

The cover member 120 has an outer shape of a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the ratio between the width and height and the width W may be appropriately limited in consideration of storage, transportation, and use. In particular, as a scientific equipment for convection experiments, a size most suitable for convection experiments can be provided. For example, the horizontal length in the longitudinal direction and the height length in the transverse direction of the front surface of the lid member 120 may be several times the width length corresponding to the thickness of the lid member 120, and the horizontal length is greater than the height length. Can.

In a specific embodiment, the ratio of the length of the width, height, and width of the cover member 120 or the convection box in the state including or omitting the bottom plate 111 of the bowl member 110 may be 5:4:1. . However, the width W of the lid member 120 is preferably more than 5 cm and less than 20 cm, particularly preferably about 10 cm. As described above, if the width W of the lid member 120, that is, the width W of the convection box is reduced to a smaller size than in the prior art, the circulation structure of the convection in the convection box can be more clearly observed. .

On the other hand, the convection box, that is, the upper edge portion inside the cover member 120, that is, the upper edge portion inside the cover member 120 is preferably made of a curved surface. When the upper edge of the inside of the convection box is installed as a curved surface, it is possible to observe the smooth circulation of the convective flow by removing the vortex generated at the upper edge.

When manufacturing the above-described cover member 120, it may be integrally formed as an inner curved portion of the cover member 120. For example, a cover member 120 having an inner upper edge curved surface 122a may be manufactured through a mold so that an upper inner corner portion of the lid member 120 is curved.

According to the implementation, when the cover member 120 is manufactured by assembling a plurality of parts, the upper edge portion of the inside of the cover member 120 is separately manufactured and filled by a block 122 having a curved surface 122a. Can be deployed. The block 122 may have a triangular three-dimensional block shape having a thickness corresponding to the width of the cover member 120 when the curved surface 122a is assumed to be flat.

In addition, the separately prepared block 122 is provided with at least one concavo-convex portion on at least one surface, and is in close contact with the inner upper corner corner of the cover member 120 by fitting engagement with the corresponding concavo-convex portion of the cover member 120 Can be fixed. The block 122 may also be referred to as a removable inner corner curved surface forming member.

The cover member 120 may include a through-inlet hole 121 through which both sides of the smoke generating member can be introduced. The input hole 121 may have a form blocked by a flexible film, and may have a structure that opens according to the input of the smoke generating member. In addition, the input hole 121 may be provided with a ring-shaped outer laminated member so as to be thicker than the thickness of the side member of the lid member 120. The external stacking member may have a central hole corresponding to the input hole 121 to extend the fluid flow section of the input hole 121.

The cover member 120 may have a dark-based color on the rear surface of the front surface. This back color can function to facilitate observation of the convection flow from the front. For this configuration, a synthetic resin member on a sheet having a dark-based color, such as black, and a cured coating member after being coated with a coating solution are disposed on the rear inner surface or outer surface of the cover member 120 as a background member 190 Can be.

The partition 200 is installed to divide the interior space of the convection box into two parts and to be drawn out to the rear of the convection box. A part of the partition 200 may be made of a transparent acrylic material, the same as the cover member 120, is installed to be reciprocating in the front-rear direction (d1) through the rear opening 180 of the cover member 120, arranged Depending on the position, the inner space of the cover member 120 may be divided into two parts or formed as one (see FIG. 3C ).

More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2C and 2D and FIGS. 3B and 3C, the partition 200 is coupled to the front side end face of the body 210 and the body 210 in the form of a plate, and the body 210 The front vertical cover 220 which blocks the opening 180 through which the body 210 passes in the state of being moved rearward from the inner side of the cover member 120 and the rear side end face of the body 210 and the body ( 210 may be provided with an external exposure handle 230 that blocks the opening 180 of the cover member 120 from the rear outside in a state where it moves forward and contacts the front inner surface of the cover member 120. The front vertical cover 220 and the external exposure handle 230 are opened so that the rear opening 180 of the cover member 120 can be respectively blocked inside or outside the cover member 120 according to the operating state of the partition 200. It corresponds to (180) and has a larger size than the opening (180). The front vertical cover 220 may be a plate-shaped elastic member, and the external exposure handle 230 may have a greater thickness or width than the front vertical cover 220 so as to be easy to hold by hand.

When the above-described partition 200 is installed, the inner space of the cover member 120 is separated, and in two areas where the test material at different temperatures is placed, air on one test material (eg, sand) and the other test material The action of starting a convection flow experiment in a state where the temperature difference of the air above (for example, water) becomes clear, observing convection flow substantially simultaneously with the start of the experiment, and also observing convection flow for a relatively long time You can get the effect.

As described above, in the case of using the scientific equipment 100 for convection experiment according to the present embodiment, convection is provided by having the structure of drawing the partition 200 backward and combining the two inner spaces of the cover member 120 into a single space The convection flow in the box can be formed quickly and allowed to last for a long time.

Experimental materials (301, 302) is a material for heating a part of the air inside the convection box to cause convection to occur, and is different for each storage unit 112, 113 divided into two parts of the vessel member 110. It can be soaked to have a temperature. For example, sand and water may be used as the experimental material, and sand and water may be stored in the storage units 112 and 113, respectively. In addition, water having different temperatures may be contained in each of the storage units 112 and 113, and sand having different temperatures may be contained.

On the other hand, it is preferable that the material for the experiment at different temperatures contained in the vessel member 110 is selected from sand and water, and the temperature difference between the sand and water is preferably about 30°C. When the temperature difference between the two experimental materials is 30° C., the convection flow can be observed for a relatively long time (eg, 180 minutes) with the start of the experiment in the convection box of this embodiment.

The above-mentioned smoke generating member may be inserted through the cover member 120 of the convection box, and provides smoke visually showing convection flow occurring in the interior space of the convection box. Various members that generate smoke may be used as the smoke generating member, but in consideration of the risk of fire and exposure of harmful components, fragrance is preferably used to minimize this risk.

In addition, it is preferable that the smoke generating members are respectively put into both spaces of the convection box divided by the partition 200 in a state in which the partition 200 is installed in the cover member 120 of the convection box. To this end, as described above, on both sides of the cover member 120 of the convection box, an input hole 121 through which a smoke generating member can be introduced may be formed.

On the other hand, the convection box is preferably provided with a lighting device 500 for clear observation of the convection flow therein. The lighting fixture 500 may be disposed outside the convection box so as to minimize the heat effect on the convection flow, and may be composed of LED lights having relatively little heat generation.

The lighting fixture 500 may be operated by receiving power from a battery or a commercial power source. However, when it is configured to be connected to an auxiliary battery for charging a portable device, it can provide user convenience in transportation or use, and since it is not limited by a place, it can perform experiments even where a power outlet is not provided. There are advantages.

In addition, a thermometer 600 for measuring the temperature inside may be installed in two inner spaces of the convection box separated by the partition 200. The thermometer 600 may be a digital thermometer. When the thermometer 600 is disposed and used inside the convection box, it is possible to check the temperature of the two interior spaces during the experiment, thereby having the advantage of real-time checking the temperature conditions for the current convection flow.

On the other hand, the thermometer 600 may be detachably disposed on the inner wall of the cover member 120, in which case it can be used to measure the temperature of the experimental material before the experiment, and can be used to measure the temperature of the interior space above the experimental material during the experiment. .

Meanwhile, the scientific equipment 100 for convection experiments may further include an image card 700 that is repeatedly detachable to the cover member 120. The image card 700 is for expressing an image of an experimenter, a convection flow, and the like during an experiment, and may be affixed on the outer surface of the cover member 120 for the experimenter to see. In addition, the image card 700 may be removed and stored after the experiment is over. By using such an image card 700, in the convective flow experiment, it can help a lot in experimenter's intuition about the convective flow.

The image card 700 is a first image card 710 with an arrow shape so that it can be pasted where convection flows appear, and a second image card 720 with'air', which can be attached to a relatively large amount of air, A third image card 730 displaying'high pressure' and'low pressure' that can be attached to portions of high pressure and low pressure separately, and a fourth image card showing a shape of water vapor that can be attached to a portion where hot air raised by convection is located ( 740), may include at least one of the fifth image card 750 displaying the male or female student as an observer (see FIG. 4).

In the experiment for observing convective flow using the scientific equipment 100 for convection experiments described above, first, incense is introduced into two inner regions of the convection box separated by the partitions to independently generate smoke in the two inner regions, and after a certain time Can be removed to start the experiment. When the partition is removed, a convection flow is formed between the two inner regions while the two air layers are formed due to the difference in the temperature of the atmosphere in the two inner regions.

Table 1 below shows an example of an experiment using sand and water.

As described above, in this embodiment, it is possible to provide useful scientific equipment for convection experiments for observing convection flow.

Hereinafter, the process of deriving the main technical features applied to the scientific equipment for convection experiment according to the present invention described above will be described in detail.

6 is a view for explaining the experimental results for determining the width of the convection box in the scientific equipment for convection experiment of this embodiment, Figure 7 is for determining the division of the inner space of the convection box in the scientific equipment for convection experiment of the present embodiment 8 is a view for explaining the experimental results, FIG. 8 is a view for explaining the experimental results for determining the temperature of the material in the convection experiment scientific equipment of this embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a convection box in the convection experiment scientific equipment of this embodiment FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining experimental results for determining a shape, and FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining experimental results for determining the shape of a convection box in the scientific equipment for convection experiment of this embodiment, and FIG. 11 is for convection experiment of this embodiment It is a diagram for explaining the experimental results for determining the input position of the smoke input member in the scientific equipment.

<Width of convection box>

Control variables, condition variables and experimental methods for determining the width of the convection box are shown in Table 2 below.

Control variables 50cm/40cm height box made of 5mm acrylic, LED lighting,
5℃ and 45℃ water and fragrance Conditional variable Experiment with the width of the convection box being 5 cm, 10 cm, or 20 cm.
(The inner bowl member is also made of 2 bowls of 5 cm high with 5 mm acrylic depending on the width) Experiment method 1. Put 5℃ and 45℃ water in each bowl (measured by digital thermometer).
2. Put the convection box on the bowl.
3. Put incense smoke for 20~30 seconds through the input hole.
4. After removing the fragrance, measure the time with a stopwatch from the moment the convection flow is visible.

Through the experiment as shown in Table 2, the following results could be derived.

As shown in Fig. 6, when the width of the convection box is 5 cm, the direction of movement of the smoke is visible from about 30 seconds after the incense smoke is added. It is easy to grasp the direction of convection circulation because it is close to 2D, but the amount of water is small and the amount of air to be heated is small. Therefore, the observation time is short compared to other widths.

When the width of the convection box is 10cm, the amount of air to be warmed is sufficient, so that the smoke moves to the left end, and the flow of smoke rising from the high temperature side is clearly seen. The flow of convection circulation is similar to that of 5 cm wide.

When the width of the convection box was 20 cm, the convection flow was large and the internal space was large, so large-scale convection flow could be observed and the observation time was the longest. However, smoke collided with each other, and a lot of vortices occurred, and a lot of steam stood on the high temperature side. Since the acrylic bowl required a large amount of water, the preparation process was relatively cumbersome, and it was difficult to move or store the experimental equipment.

When considering the above experimental results, the width of 5 cm is easy to grasp the direction of convection circulation, but has a shortcoming of short observation time, and the width of 20 cm has a lot of vortices and has troublesome preparation. Therefore, when applied with a width of 10 cm, it is possible to obtain the most suitable effect in terms of observation time and vortex generation.

<Dividing the space inside the convection box>

Control variables, condition variables, and experimental methods for determining the division of the space inside the convection box are shown in Table 3 below.

Control variables 50cm width/40cm height/10cm width box made of 5mm acrylic,
5cm high inner bowl, LED lighting, 5℃ and 45℃ water, 2 incense Conditional variable Experiment according to the presence or absence of partitions.
(Made a partition that can be pulled back. The interior space is divided according to the partition.) Experiment method 1. Put 5℃ and 45℃ water in each bowl. (Measured with a digital thermometer)
2. Put the convection box on the bowl.
3. Put incense smoke for 20~30 seconds through the input hole. (Since there is a partition, both experiments simultaneously incense incense from both holes)
4. After removing the fragrance, observe the convection flow with and without partitions.
5. Measure the time with a stopwatch from the moment the convection flow is visible.

Through the experiment as shown in Table 3, the following results could be derived.

As shown in FIG. 7, when there is a partition, as shown in the experimental scene, there is a difference in the flow of smoke because the high side and the low side are divided. The incense smoke slowly falls on the lower temperature side, and the smoke spreads in a very vigorous movement at the same time as the higher temperature side. The partitions allow enough time to warm up with air at different temperatures on both sides. So, at the same time as the partition is removed, two air masses with different temperatures are layered to form a convection flow. In addition, the initial rotational force generated by removing the partition is maintained, and can be observed for over 1 hour.

If there is no partition, the space is not blocked, so the incense smoke is scattered sideways, below, and upward at the same time as the smoke appears. You can observe the movement of the smoke immediately, but the direction of movement of the smoke is determined by the heat of the incense smoke itself rather than the convection flow.

Considering the above experimental results, it is possible to observe comparing the gas momentum according to the temperature when there is a partition. In addition, it was possible to observe the phenomenon that the air heated up at the same time as the partition was removed and lightened up, and the temperature of the air lowered down, and the convective flow could be observed very clearly. Therefore, if there is a partition, more effective experiments are possible.

<temperature of substance>

Control variables, condition variables and experimental methods for determining the temperature of a substance are shown in Table 4 below.

Control variables 50cm width/40cm height/10cm width box and inner bowl made of 5mm acrylic,
LED lighting, incense Conditional variable Experiment with water temperature of 20℃, 30℃, and 40℃. Experiment method 1. Put 10℃ and 30℃/10℃ and 40℃/10℃ and 50℃ water in each bowl.
2. Put the convection box on the bowl.
3. Put incense smoke for 20~30 seconds through the input hole.
4. After removing the fragrance, measure the time with a stopwatch from the moment the convection flow is visible.

Through the experiment as shown in Table 4, the following results could be derived.

As shown in Figure 8, when the temperature of the two experimental materials is 20 ℃ difference, warm water is lukewarm, there is no risk factor in the experiment process at all. You can see the convection flow with incense smoke, but it is faint. Due to the small temperature difference, the air pressure difference is small and the observation time is small.

In the case of a difference of 30°C, the convection flow is more clearly seen than in the case of a difference of 20°C, and the amount of rising air is large, and convection circulation lasts longer.

In the case of a difference of 40°C or more, the difference in 30°C and the degree of clear convection flow are similar. Due to the large temperature difference, the speed of convection flow is fast and the amount of smoke and fog is observed.

Considering the above experimental results, when there is a difference of 40°C or more, the observation time is long and the convection flow is most visible, but there is no significant difference from the case of a difference of 30°C. If the purpose of the experiment can be achieved in both cases, the lower temperature is suitable when considering the safety aspects of the laboratory. Therefore, the case where the temperature difference of the material is 30°C is most suitable.

<Type of convection box>

Control variables, condition variables and experimental methods for determining the shape of the convection box are shown in Table 5 below.

Control variables Inside bowl made of 5mm acrylic, 10cm wide, LED lighting lamp, incense Conditional variable The shape of the convection box is experimented with a cuboid shape, a curved shape, and a corner complement. Experiment method 1. Put 10℃ and 40℃ water in each bowl.
2. Put a convection box of different shape on the bowl.
3. Put incense smoke for 20~30 seconds through the input hole.
4. Remove the fragrance and observe the convection flow.

Through the experiment as shown in Table 5, the following results could be derived.

As shown in Fig. 9, in the case of a rectangular parallelepiped shape, incense smoke hits the corners of both ends and bounces out, creating a vortex. Storage and production are convenient.

In the case of the curved type, there is no part where the incense smoke hits, and the convection circulation structure is almost elliptical, and the flow is smooth and the speed is high. However, if it is assumed to be used in schools, storage is difficult and there is a risk of easy damage.

In the case of the edge complementary form, the cuboid type is complemented only by the corner part, and it has the advantages of both the cuboid type and the curved type. There is no element that interferes with the convection flow, so the circulation structure is clearly visible.

Considering the above experimental results, the edge complement type is the most suitable because it can compensate for both the shortcomings of the cuboid type and the curved type.

<Lighting fixture>

Control variables, condition variables, and experimental methods for determining the type of lighting fixture are shown in Table 6 below.

Control variables 50cm width/40cm height/10cm width box and inner bowl made of 5mm acrylic,
incense Conditional variable Experiment with incandescent and LED lights. Experiment method 1. Put 10℃ and 40℃ water in each bowl.
2. Put the convection box on the bowl.
3. In an incandescent lamp experiment, incandescent lamps are installed on both sides and above.
/ In the LED experiment, a bar type LED light is installed on top.
4. Put incense smoke for 20~30 seconds through the input hole.
5. Remove the fragrance and observe the convection flow.

Through the experiment as shown in Table 6, the following results could be derived.

As shown in Figure 10, in the case of an incandescent lamp, it can be used together for the purpose of warming the material in the bowl. However, the heat inside the light source itself warms the air inside the convection box. In the experiment, the air in the vicinity of the incandescent lamp was heated, so that the circulation flow of convection did not occur and the flow was mixed.

In the case of LEDs, since the LEDs generate little heat, the disturbances caused by the light source are removed. It was easily available at a low price, and evenly, the flow of incense smoke could be clearly observed.

Considering the above experimental results, the incandescent lamp itself is an obstacle to the experiment due to its own heat, and it is not suitable for convection experiments because the heat is weak for the purpose of heating water and sand in the landing wind experiment. Therefore, the LED light is suitable because it is used to brightly illuminate the inside of the convection box to observe clearly.

<Position input location>

Control variables, condition variables, and experimental methods for determining the fragrance input location are shown in Table 7 below.

Control variables Made of 5mm acrylic, width 50cm/ height 40cm/ width 10cm box, inner bowl, fragrance Conditional variable Install the incense inside, put it on one side, and put it on both sides to experiment. Experiment method 1. Put 10℃ and 40℃ water in each bowl.
2. Put the convection box on the bowl.
3. Install the incense inside, put it on one side, and experiment by dividing the position into two sides.
4. Put incense smoke for 20~30 seconds through the input hole.
5. Remove the fragrance and observe the convection flow.

Through the experiment as shown in Table 7, the following results could be derived.

As shown in Fig. 11, in the case of an internal supply, the direction of the smoke is well seen because the fragrance is in the middle. Smoke supply is active, but it is difficult to remove it after the inside is full of smoke. Smoke rises vertically due to the heat of the incense itself and becomes an obstacle to cross the convective circulation. Later, the smoke became thick and difficult to observe.

In one case, the incense smoke spreads rapidly in a convective circulating flow with an ascending air stream rising from the vicinity of warm water. However, the more the experiment is repeated, the more smoke is scattered and invisible.

In the case of both inputs, when there is no partition, a phenomenon similar to that of one input is observed. However, in the presence of a partition, it is easy to observe the movement of the gas according to the temperature difference by putting smoke on both sides at the same time.

Considering the above experimental results, in the case of internal supply, there is a difficulty in extracting incense in the middle, and as a method of supplying incense smoke from the outside, both inputs were appropriate for the experiment. However, in the division experiment of the space inside the convection box, it was concluded that the installation of partitions was suitable, and it was concluded that both inputs of incense smoke were appropriate.

12A to 12F are diagrams for explaining an actual convection experiment process in a preparation process for convection experiment of the scientific equipment for convection experiment of FIG. 2C.

In the convection experiment using the scientific equipment for convection experiment according to this embodiment, first, as shown in Figure 12a, the temperature difference between the sand 301 and water 302 stored in the two storage units 112 and 113, respectively. Set to 30°C. The set temperature can be confirmed by the thermometer 600.

Next, as shown in FIG. 12B, a convection box is prepared by covering the lid member 120 on the vessel member 110.

Next, as shown in FIG. 12C, the incense 300 is introduced through both side input holes of the cover member 120, and the smoke of the incense 300 is divided by the partition 200, the cover member 120 Allow a certain amount to be generated in the two interior spaces.

Next, as illustrated in FIG. 12D, it can be seen that the states of smoke diffused by the difference in the internal temperature in the two inner space portions of the cover member 120 are different. In this state, as shown in Figure 12e, by moving the partition 200 to the rear to remove the partition 200 of the partition function between the two inner spaces of the cover member 120, the two interior of the cover member 120 The space is formed as one space. Here, convective flow occurs in the upper region of the relatively high temperature water and in the upper region of the relatively low temperature sand, and the flow of convection can be visualized by the movement of smoke (see FIGS. 12E and 12F ).

Next, as shown in FIG. 12G, the experimenter displays the convection flow using the first image card 710 in the form of an arrow sticker, talks to students or others, or discusses the convection experiment process and results through discussions with each other. I can explain.

According to the scientific equipment for convection experiment according to the above-described embodiment, by improving the width of the convection box, the circulation structure of the convection can be clearly observed, and by installing the partition that divides the interior space of the convection box so that it can be withdrawn backward. When the partition is present, the temperature difference between air on sand and air on water can be clearly compared, and when the partition is separated, convection flow is rapidly formed and can last for a long time.

In addition, by setting the temperature difference between sand and water to 30°C in addition to the above configuration, the convection flow can be observed for a long time of about 180 minutes, and the inside of the convection box is made by making the upper edge portion inside the convection box curved. It can be observed that the convection flow is circulated by removing the vortex generated at the upper edge of the.

In addition, it is possible to observe the convection phenomenon clearly by arranging a dark color (eg, black) member (eg, acrylic) on the background visible from the front of the convection box. By minimizing the effect on the convection flow, the convection flow can be clearly observed.

In addition, it is possible to maintain an accurate convection flow by removing vortices by substantially removing gaps between the bowl members and between the bowl members and the lid member, and using a digital thermometer attached to the middle portion of the lid member to land or It is possible to measure the air temperature on the surface of the sea areas.

In addition, by inserting incense into each space separated by the partition while the partition is installed, the movement of the air according to the temperature can be effectively observed, allowing students to predict and reason about the movement of the air. By attaching an image card on the convection box, students can visually show the principles of the landing wind.

As described above, although specific embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art of the present invention will not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the claims below. It needs to be understood that various modifications and changes can be made.

100: scientific equipment for convection experiments
110: bowl member
120: cover member
200: partition
301, 302: experimental substance
500: lighting fixture
600: digital thermometer
700: image card

Claims (5)

A vessel member 110 provided with two storage parts 112 and 113 for accommodating experimental materials at different temperatures, respectively;
An opening is formed on the lower side so as to cover the bowl member 110 from above, an inner space is provided therein, and has a cuboid shape or a rectangular box shape, and at least the front cover member 120 is formed of a transparent material;
A partition 200 installed to divide the internal space portion of the cover member 120 into two regions and moving to the rear of the cover member 120 to form the two regions into one region; And
When the cover member 120 is viewed from the front, it includes two input holes 121 disposed on the left side and right side of the cover member 120 and penetrating the cover member in a thickness direction,
Both corner portions of the upper inner side of the cover member 120 form a curved surface by a corner filling member 122 installed in the corner portion,
The cover member 120 is coupled to the bottom plate 111 protruding outside the bottom surface of the bowl member 110 and has a rectangular box shape sealed in a state of engagement with the bowl member 110,
The partition 200 is a plate-shaped body 210 and a rear opening through which the body 210 passes in a state in which the body 210 is moved to the rear and coupled to the front side end face of the body 210. The front vertical cover 220 which blocks 180 from the inner side of the cover member 120 and the rear side end face of the body 210 and the body 210 moves forward to move the cover member 120 ) In the state in contact with the front surface of the cover member is provided with an external exposure handle 230 that blocks the rear opening 180 from the outside.
The width of the cover member 100 is greater than 5 cm and less than 20 cm, and the length ratio of the width, height and width of the cover member is 5:4:1 in the order described,
It is installed on the cover member 120 and further includes a pair of thermometers 600 that respectively measure the air temperature on the test material in the two regions within the cover member separated by the partition 200,
Further comprising a detachable image card 700 on the front surface of the cover member 120, the image card is a first image card marked with an arrow so that it can be pasted where convection flow appears, distinguishing between high and low pressure parts 3rd image card with'high pressure'and'lowpressure' that can be pasted together, 4th image card with water vapor shape that can be attached to the part where hot air raised by convection is located, and 6th image card for night or day Containing, scientific equipment for convection experiments. delete delete The method according to claim 1,
The cover member 120 further includes a lighting device 500 that illuminates the inside of the cover member 120, and the lighting device 500 is a scientific equipment for convection experiment that is disposed outside the upper portion of the cover member 120. delete

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