KR102123491B1 - Bullet-proof multilayered materials and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a bullet-proof composite material that can prevent the peeling phenomenon and moisture penetration problem of the conventional bullet-proof composite material. And, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a ballistic composite material that can manufacture a bulletproof composite material in which peeling and moisture penetration are suppressed without a conventional liquid resin coating process and a curing process.
The bullet-proof composite material according to the present invention includes a bullet-proof composite layer preventing penetration of bullets; And a cover layer for closing the bulletproof composite layer.
The bullet-proof composite layer includes a plate-shaped ceramic layer; A ballistic fiber layer disposed on the ceramic layer; And a first resin film interposed between the ceramic layer and the ballistic fiber layer to bond the ballistic fiber layer on the ceramic layer.
The cover layer is made of a metal material in the form of a foil having a thickness of 0.1 to 2.0 mm, and a metal foil provided in a structure surrounding and enclosing all the outer surfaces of the bulletproof composite layer; And a second resin film interposed between the bullet-proof composite layer and the metal foil to bond the metal foil on the bullet-proof composite layer.

Description

Bulletproof composite material and its manufacturing method{BULLET-PROOF MULTILAYERED MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF}

The present invention relates to a bullet-proof material, and more particularly, to a ballistic-resistant composite material having a structure in which bullet-proof fibers are laminated on a ceramic plate and a method for manufacturing the same.

Bulletproof materials function to prevent bullets from penetrating when bullets fired from firearms are shot down by people, ships, automobiles, etc.

Ceramic ballistic material is a typical ballistic material. Ceramic ballistic materials are manufactured by stacking high-tensile, high-strength fibers or fabrics on the back of a ceramic plate to improve bullet-proof efficiency against high-speed bullets.

The ceramic ballistic material can be roughly divided into two types according to the configuration of the ceramic plate, one of which is composed of several pieces of ceramic tiles, and the other is composed of a single ceramic plate.

Among them, the ballistic material composed of a single ceramic plate may be cracked in the ceramic plate due to the impact of the first projectile, and the ballistic efficiency of the projectile after the second may be reduced. Therefore, in a single ceramic plate, cracks caused by the initial impact should be limited to the impact area as much as possible. Especially, in order to have a bullet-proof effect against multiple impacts, the properties of the bullet-proof fibers stacked on the back side so that the ceramic fragments can be firmly fixed even after impact. , Lamination method and proper adhesion are important.

That is, in the ceramic ballistic material, the method of laminating and bonding the ballistic fiber to the ballistic fabric is important. As an example, U.S. Patent No. 6,389,594 discloses an adhesive method in which a backing material of a single ceramic plate and a laminated fabric is compression-cured with epoxy, polyurethane resin, etc., but in this case, the adhesive layer becomes too hard and the penetration property increases. there was.

In order to solve this problem, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0926746 discloses a method of bonding a bulletproof fabric to the back side of a ceramic plate using an adhesive film.

The conventional ceramic ballistic material manufactured using the above-described adhesive film attaches a synthetic resin material raincoat (raincoat material) to the surface as a cover, in which case the cover is broken and the adhesive layer is peeled off when used for a long time, thereby causing the inside of the ballistic material. There was a problem in that the penetration of moisture greatly reduced the ballistic performance.

To solve this problem, a method of forming a coating layer on the surface of a ceramic ballistic material has been proposed. The coating layer forming process is performed by applying a liquid polyurea or liquid polyurethane to the surface of the bulletproof material and then curing the coating layer.

However, the method of forming the cover of the bulletproof material with the coating layer has the following problems. That is, in the process of curing after applying the liquid coating material, air bubbles are generated in the fiber, and air bubbles present in the coating layer cause peeling of the coating layer, which in turn decreases the ballistic performance of the ballistic material.

In order to prevent such a bubble problem, a separate water drying process is additionally required. If the water drying process is further performed, the time required to manufacture the bulletproof material increases by several tens of hours or more, and the product price increases. there was.

Patent Document 1: Korean Registered Patent No. 10-0926746 (Registered on November 6, 2009) Patent Document 2: Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1137903 (registered on April 12, 2012)

The present invention is to solve the above problems, to provide a bullet-proof composite material that can prevent the peeling phenomenon and moisture penetration problem of the conventional bullet-proof composite material.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a bulletproof composite manufacturing method capable of producing a bulletproof composite material in which peeling phenomenon and moisture penetration are suppressed without a conventional liquid resin coating process and a curing process.

The bullet-proof composite material according to the present invention for achieving the above object is a bullet-proof composite layer to prevent the penetration of bullets; And a cover layer for closing the bulletproof composite layer.

The bullet-proof composite layer includes a plate-shaped ceramic layer; A ballistic fiber layer disposed on the ceramic layer; And a first resin film interposed between the ceramic layer and the ballistic fiber layer to bond the ballistic fiber layer on the ceramic layer.

The cover layer is formed of a foil-shaped metal material having a thickness of 0.1 to 2.0 mm, and a metal foil provided in a structure that surrounds and seals all the outer surfaces of the bulletproof composite layer; And a second resin film interposed between the bullet-proof composite layer and the metal foil to bond the metal foil on the bullet-proof composite layer.

Further, at least a first region of the entire region of the second resin film is formed of at least one of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polyolefin (PO), and the first region is located between the metal foil and the ceramic layer. It is characterized by being.

In order to achieve the above object, a method of manufacturing a bulletproof composite material according to the present invention comprises the steps of laminating a first resin film on a plate-shaped ceramic layer, and then stacking a bulletproof fiber layer on the first resin film to form a bulletproof laminate. Wow; After disposing a second resin film on the outer surface of the bullet-proof laminate, forming a final laminate by wrapping all of the outer surfaces of the bullet-proof laminate with a foil-shaped metal foil having a thickness of 0.1 to 2.0 mm; Putting the final laminate into a vacuum chamber to apply a predetermined pressure and temperature; And the first resin film is melted to bond the bulletproof fiber layer on the ceramic layer, the second resin film is melted to adhere the metal foil on the bulletproof laminate, and all the entire outer surfaces of the bulletproof laminate are the It is surrounded by a metal foil and sealed.

According to the bullet-proof composite material according to the present invention and a method for manufacturing the same, a liquid polyurea or polyurethane coating process, which was required to solve the peeling phenomenon and moisture penetration problem of the conventional bullet-proof composite material, and for removing air bubbles generated in the coating process Without performing a water drying process, it is possible to manufacture a bulletproof composite material capable of preventing such peeling and water penetration with only one autoclave process. Accordingly, it is possible to maximize process efficiency and significantly reduce manufacturing time.

1 is a cross-sectional view of the ballistic composite according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the internal / external configuration of the ballistic composite according to the present invention.
Figure 3 is a first direction perspective view for explaining the outer surface of the bullet-proof composite layer according to the present invention.
4 is a perspective view in the second direction of FIG. 3.
5 is a process flow diagram of a method for manufacturing a ballistic composite according to the present invention.

The terms used in this specification are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this specification, the terms “include” or “have” are intended to indicate that a feature, number, step, action, component, part, or combination thereof, described on the specification exists, and that one or more other features are present. It should be understood that the existence or addition possibilities of fields or numbers, steps, operations, components, parts or combinations thereof are not excluded in advance.

In addition, in the present specification, “to or above” means to be positioned above or below the target part, which does not necessarily mean to be located above the gravity direction. That is, the term "on or above" referred to in this specification includes not only the case where the object part is located above or below, but also when it is located before or after the object part.

Also, when a portion of an area, plate, or the like is said to be "on or above" another portion, it is not only when the other portion is in contact or spaced "on or above" another portion, but also another portion in the middle. Also included.

In addition, in this specification, when one component is referred to as "connected" or "connected" with another component, the one component may be directly connected to the other component, or may be directly connected, but in particular It should be understood that, as long as there is no objection to the contrary, it may or may be connected via another component in the middle.

Also, in this specification, terms such as first and second may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from other components.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments, advantages, and features of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a cross-sectional view of the ballistic composite according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the internal / external configuration of the ballistic composite according to the present invention.

1 and 2, the ballistic composite according to the present invention largely includes a ballistic composite layer 100 and a cover layer 200.

The bullet-proof composite layer 100 of the present invention is configured to suppress the penetration of bullets during the firing, and includes a ceramic layer 10, a bullet-proof fiber layer 20, and a first resin film 30 in detail.

The ceramic layer 10 functions to dissipate and consume most of the kinetic energy while being broken into pieces when a fragment of a projectile or projectile collides with it. When the bullet or debris collides with the ceramic layer 10, its tip portion is transformed into a mushroom shape, or divided into several pieces to advance to the ballistic fiber layer 20 with an increased contact surface, and eventually to the ballistic fiber layer 20. By consuming all the remaining energy, its penetration is suppressed.

The ceramic layer 10 may be formed of a flat plate or a curved plate, and its materials are alumina, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicon nitride (N-SiC), and carbonized It may be formed of at least one selected from boron (boron carbide), tungsten carbide (Tungsten Carbide), and tungsten boride (Tungsten Diboride).

Bulletproof fiber layer 20 is formed of a single layer of a plurality of fibers or fabrics are laminated on the back of the ceramic layer (10).

The ballistic fiber layer 20 may be formed of high-tensile, high-strength fibers or fabrics. For example, the ballistic fiber layer 20 is aramid fabric, aramid laminating fabric, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE, Ultra High Molecular Weight Poly-Ethylene) UD fabric, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE, Ultra High Molecular Weight Poly-Ethylene) fiber, ultra high molecular weight Polyvinyl alcohol (Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyviny Alcohol Fiber) fiber and PBO (p-Phenylene-Benzobisoxazole) fiber may be formed of at least one selected from.

The first resin film 30 is interposed in the form of a film between the ceramic layer 10 and the ballistic fiber layer 20 to function to bond the ceramic layer 10 and the ballistic fiber layer 20 to each other.

The first resin film 30 may be melted by applying a predetermined pressure and heat to adhesively fix the ballistic fiber layer 20 on the rear surface of the ceramic layer 10.

Therefore, the first resin film 30 may be a film of any material as long as it is a resin film capable of providing adhesive strength by melting upon heating, such as a thermoplastic resin.

For example, the first resin film 30 is polyolefin (PO), polyurethane (PU), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polypropylene It may be formed of at least one resin material selected from (PP).

On the other hand, in order to increase the adhesion between the ceramic layer 10 and the ballistic fiber layer 20, the first resin film 30 may be composed of multiple sheets. In this case, a plurality of first resin films 30 are provided between the ceramic layer 10 and the ballistic fiber layer 20.

The cover layer 200 of the present invention is a function to prevent the degradation of the bulletproof performance due to moisture permeation, etc. by protecting the external environment (eg, peeling/damage due to external force such as friction) by closing the outside of the bulletproof composite layer 100 Do it.

The cover layer 200 includes a metal foil 50 and a second resin film 40.

3 is a first direction perspective view for explaining the outer surface of the bulletproof composite layer according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a second direction perspective view of FIG. 3. The cover layer 200 of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

The metal foil 50 of the cover layer 200 is made of a metal material such as iron, aluminum, and zinc to form an outer shell of a bulletproof composite material.

In particular, the metal foil 50 is formed in a thin foil (foil) form, it is characterized in that the metal foil is attached to a structure that completely encloses the entire outer surface of the bullet-proof composite layer 100.

The ballistic composite layer 100 is made of a structure in which a ballistic fiber layer 20 is stacked on one surface of the ceramic layer 10. Therefore, the front surface of the ceramic layer 10 constitutes the front surface K1 of the bulletproof composite layer 100, the rear surface of the bulletproof fiber layer 20 constitutes the rear surface K2 of the bulletproof composite layer 100, and the ceramic layer (10) and each side of the ballistic fiber layer 20 constitutes an upper/lower/left/right side (K3, K4, K5, K6) of the ballistic composite layer 100.

Based on the ballistic composite layer 100 having such a structure, the metal foil 50 is a front (K1), a rear (K2), an upper side (K3), a lower side (K4) of the bulletproof composite layer (100), It is attached in a structure that covers and covers both the left side K5 and the right side K6.

That is, the bulletproof composite layer 100 is configured such that all of its outer surfaces are surrounded by a metal foil 50 so that the entire outer surface is shielded from the outside.

The metal foil 50 has a thickness of 0.1 to 2.0 mm, and preferably has a thickness of 0.3 to 1.5 mm. When the thickness of the metal foil 50 is less than 0.1 mm, it is easily damaged by external forces such as friction during the process of using the bulletproof composite material, which causes peeling and moisture penetration of the bulletproof composite layer 100, thereby rapidly improving the bulletproof performance. Lowers. When the thickness of the metal foil 50 is greater than 2.0 mm, the weight of the bulletproof composite material is relatively heavy, and in particular, it is difficult to make the metal foil 50 cover all the outer surfaces of the bulletproof composite layer 100, resulting in reduced productivity. do.

The second resin film 40 of the cover layer 200 is interposed between the bullet-proof composite layer 100 and the metal foil 50 to fix and fix the metal foil 50 on the outer surface of the bullet-proof composite layer 100 do.

Therefore, the second resin film 40 has at least a partial region of the front surface K1 of the bulletproof composite layer 100, at least a partial region of the rear surface K2, at least a partial region of the upper side surface K3, and a lower side surface K4. It is provided in a form that covers at least a partial region of the left side, at least a partial region of the left side surface K5, and at least a partial region of the right side surface K6.

Preferably, the second resin film 40 may be configured to have a structure that completely surrounds all the outer surfaces (eg, K1 to K6) of the bulletproof composite layer 100.

The second resin film 40 may be melted by applying a predetermined pressure and heat, thereby fixing and fixing the metal foil 50 on the ceramic layer 10.

Therefore, the second resin film 40 may be made of a resin film that can be melted upon heating to provide adhesive strength, such as a thermoplastic resin.

For example, the first resin film 30 is polyolefin (PO), polyurethane (PU), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polypropylene It may be formed of at least one resin material selected from (PP).

On the other hand, the second resin film 40 should be able to bond the metal foil 50 to the ballistic fiber layer 20, and also to be able to bond the metal foil 50 to the ceramic layer 10.

However, in the case of some thermoplastic resins, it is impossible to provide sufficient adhesive strength when bonding a metal material (ie, a metal foil 50) to a ceramic (ie, ceramic layer 10) material using the resin, and in this case, a bulletproof composite material During the course of use, a phenomenon in which the metal foil 50 is peeled off by an external force such as friction may occur.

When considering the adhesive force between the metal foil 50 and the ceramic layer 10 as described above, an area located between the metal foil 50 and the ballistic fiber layer 20 among the entire regions of the second resin film 40 is melted upon heating to improve adhesion. If it is a resin film that can be provided, there is no need to specifically limit the type, but at least an area interposed between the metal foil 50 and the ceramic layer 10 of the entire area of the second resin film 40 is a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). ) And polyolefin (PO).

That is, when the metal foil 50 is adhered to the ceramic layer 10 using the second resin film 40 made of a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) or polyolefin (PO) material, the aforementioned peeling phenomenon of the metal foil 50 is observed. It is prevented and it is possible to maintain a firm attachment state.

On the other hand, when considering process efficiency, the first resin film 30 and the second resin film 40 are formed of the same resin material, and the same resin material is formed of a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) or polyolefin (PO) material. Can be. In this case, the metal foil 50 and the ceramic layer 10 as well as the metal foil 50-the ballistic fiber layer 20, the ceramic layer 10-the ballistic fiber layer 20 are set only by one autoclave process set at a constant pressure and temperature. It is possible to manufacture a bullet-proof composite material that can prevent all of them from being bonded to each other and prevent peeling and water penetration, and thus has the advantage of maximizing process efficiency and significantly shortening the manufacturing time.

On the other hand, to increase the adhesion between the metal foil 50 and the bulletproof composite layer 100, the second resin film 40 may be composed of a plurality of sheets. In this case, a plurality of second resin films 40 are provided between the metal foil 50 and the bulletproof composite layer 100.

5 is a process flow diagram of a method for manufacturing a ballistic composite according to the present invention. Referring to Figures 1 to 5, it will be described with respect to the manufacturing method of the ballistic composite having the configuration as described above.

First, the surface of the ceramic layer 10 is cleaned. The washing may be performed by ultrasonic washing using acetone.

When the cleaning of the ceramic layer 10 is completed, a certain first resin film 30 is stacked on one surface of the ceramic layer 10, and the ballistic fiber layer 20 is stacked on the first resin film 30 to form a bullet-proof layer. Prepare water (S10).

Then, after arranging the second resin film 40 on the bullet-proof laminate made of the order of "ceramic layer 10-first resin film 30-bullet-proof fiber layer 20", all the outer surfaces of the bullet-proof laminate are all metal foil. Surrounded by (50) to produce a final laminate (S20). Here, the second resin film 40 is made of at least one of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polyolefin (PO) as described above.

Then, the final laminate is put in a vacuum bag connected to an external vacuum pump and put into the vacuum chamber.

The vacuum chamber may be an autoclave, and in this case, a thermometer, a pressure gauge, a heater, a vacuum pump, and a compressor may be used to simultaneously heat and pressurize air therein.

The vacuum bag is a bag that is connected to an external vacuum pump to make the inside vacuum by evacuating internal air, and uses a heat-resistant film that can withstand heat well.

After the inside of the vacuum bag is made into a vacuum using an external vacuum pump, a bulletproof composite is formed by applying a pressure of 600 to 1400 kPa for 1 to 7 hours at a temperature of 100 to 145°C inside the autoclave (S30). At this time, the volatile material generated in the final laminate is exhausted to the vacuum pump side.

For reference, when the internal temperature of the autoclave is less than 100°C, the adhesive strength is lowered, and the bulletproof performance of the bulletproof composite material is deteriorated and peeling occurs. When the internal temperature exceeds 145°C, the first and second resin films are gelled and within the autoclave. It liquefies, making it impossible to bond each layer.

The laminate having the above structure maintains a vacuum state, and when a constant pressure and a constant temperature are applied for a certain period of time, the first resin film 30 is melted and the bulletproof fiber layer 20 is adhered to the ceramic layer 10. (S40). Then, the second resin film 40 is melted and the metal foil 50 is adhered onto the bullet-proof laminate (S40), so that the entire outer surface of the bullet-proof laminate is surrounded by the metal foil 50, thereby providing a bullet-proof composite material having a closed structure. It is completed (S50).

On the other hand, when it is necessary to paint the ballistic composite material, such as a bulletproof composite material for vehicles and ships, the coating may be further performed using a coating material on the outer surface of the metal foil 50 of the bulletproof composite material completed through steps S10 to S50. In this case, the coating material may be polyurethane (polyurethane), polyurea (polyurea), water-based paint, oil-based paint, enamel paint, light list, zinc chromatameter, silicone, putter, flamer, and the like.

According to the bullet-proof composite material and a method for manufacturing the same, the polyurea coating process and the water-drying process for removing bubbles generated in the coating process are performed to solve the conventional phenomenon of peeling and moisture penetration of the bullet-proof composite material. Instead, it is possible to manufacture a bullet-proof composite material capable of preventing such peeling phenomenon and moisture penetration with only one autoclave process.

Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described and illustrated using specific terms, such terms are only intended to clearly describe the present invention, and the embodiments and described terms of the present invention are the technical spirit and scope of the following claims. It is obvious that various changes and changes can be made without deviating from. Such modified embodiments should not be individually understood from the spirit and scope of the present invention and should be said to fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

10: ceramic layer 20: bullet-proof fiber layer
30: 1st resin film 40: 2nd resin film
50: metal foil 100: bullet-proof composite layer
200: cover layer

Claims (9)

delete A bullet-proof composite layer preventing penetration of bullets; And a cover layer for closing the bulletproof composite layer,
The bulletproof composite layer,
A plate-shaped ceramic layer; A ballistic fiber layer disposed on the ceramic layer; And a first resin film interposed between the ceramic layer and the ballistic fiber layer to bond the ballistic fiber layer on the ceramic layer.
The cover layer,
A metal foil made of a metal material in the form of a foil having a thickness of 0.3 to 1.5 mm, and provided in a structure surrounding and enclosing all the outer surfaces of the bulletproof composite layer; And a second resin film interposed between the bullet-proof composite layer and the metal foil to bond the metal foil on the bullet-proof composite layer.
According to claim 2,
At least a first region of the entire region of the second resin film is formed of at least one of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polyolefin (PO),
The first region is a region located between the metal foil and the ceramic layer,
The bullet-proof fiber layer is melted, the first resin film is bonded to the ceramic layer,
The metal foil is a bullet-proof composite material, characterized in that the second resin film is melted and adhered to the bullet-proof composite layer.
According to claim 2,
The first resin film and the second resin film are formed of the same resin material,
The same resin material is formed of at least one of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polyolefin (PO),
The bullet-proof fiber layer is melted, the first resin film is bonded to the ceramic layer,
The metal foil is a bullet-proof composite material, characterized in that the second resin film is melted and adhered to the bullet-proof composite layer.
According to claim 2,
The ceramic layer,
Bulletproof composite material characterized in that it is formed of at least one selected from alumina, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicon nitride carbide, boron carbide, tungsten carbide and tungsten boride.
According to claim 2,
The ballistic fiber layer,
Aramid Fabric, Aramid Laminating Fabric, Ultra High Molecular Weight Poly-Ethylene (UHMWPE), UD Fabric, Ultra High Molecular Weight Poly-Ethylene (UHMWPE) Fiber, Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyvinyl Alcohol (Ultra-High Molecular) Bulletproof composite material characterized by being formed by at least one selected from Weight Polyviny Alcohol Fiber (PBO) fiber and PBO (p-Phenylene-Benzobisoxazole) fiber
Laminating a first resin film on a plate-shaped ceramic layer, and then stacking a ballistic fiber layer on the first resin film to form a bullet-proof laminate;
After disposing a second resin film on the outer surface of the bullet-proof laminate, forming a final laminate by wrapping all of the outer surfaces of the bullet-proof laminate with a foil-shaped metal foil having a thickness of 0.1 to 2.0 mm;
Putting the final laminate into a vacuum chamber to apply a predetermined pressure and temperature; And
The first resin film is melted, the bulletproof fiber layer is adhered to the ceramic layer, the second resin film is melted to adhere the metal foil on the bulletproof laminate, and all of the outer surfaces of the bulletproof laminate are the metal foil. Bulletproof composite material manufacturing method characterized in that it comprises a step of being enclosed by.
The method of claim 7,
At least a first region of the entire region of the second resin film is formed of at least one of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polyolefin (PO),
The first region is a ballistic composite manufacturing method, characterized in that the region disposed between the metal foil and the ceramic layer.
The method of claim 8,
The pressure is 600 ~ 1400kPa,
The temperature is 100 ~ 145 ℃ bulletproof composite manufacturing method characterized in that.

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