KR102116276B1 - Farming method of scallop - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a scallop farming method characterized in that when scallop spats attached to a plurality of rubber boards provided with a hamper are cultured by being submerged in seawater for a predetermined period, the rubber boards have holes formed therein and are composed of a rubber composition comprising ethylene acryl rubber, germanium, and an amine-based vulcanizing agent. According to the present invention, since germanium exists in the rubber boards of the hamper in a high level, the amount of oxygen generated in the rubber boards with the scallop spats attached thereto increases due to germanium, thus reducing the portion of spats dying due to oxygen deficiency. In addition, since the rubber boards have improved salt water resistance and water resistance, the hamper, even when used for many years in seawater, does not suffer deformation or breakage when cleaned, and thus can have improved durability.

Description

{Farming method of scallop}

The present invention relates to a method for improving productivity when farming scallops in seawater.

Aquaculture is generally divided into aquaculture and bottom culture depending on the type of aquatic organisms to be aquaculture, and aquaculture is mainly used for aquaculture such as scallops, abalone, and sea urchin.

At this time, sewage farming is a method used for farming oysters, oysters, scallops, scallions, pearl shells, abalone, seashells, and other sea urchins. Both ends of the anchor are fixed with anchors, and then they are cultivated by hanging a rope or a rope at predetermined intervals.

Scallops take two to three years to grow to a size that can be sold after initiation, and they continue to grow in the meantime. At the time of this replacement, only the scallops grew, but the number of scallops in the farming basket was reduced. In addition, the growth of scallops deteriorates if the seawater adheres to the farming basket during farming in seawater. The period of use of the farming basket (the period until replacement) is about 1 to 10 months, and the smaller the scallop to be farmed, the shorter the period because growth is remarkable.

There is a problem that requires a great effort by high-pressure washing or mechanical peeling, etc. to remove the adhesion of marine organisms and plant debris from the aquaculture basket.

In addition, since it is cultured for a long time, there is a problem that many deaths occur due to changes in the natural environment, such as a change in water temperature and occurrence of red tide.

In other words, it takes 2 to 3 years to grow the scallop before it reaches the size of being sold, and in the meantime, it goes through several periods of high water temperature in the summer. However, there is a problem in that oxygen deficiency occurs at that time, death of plaque occurs, or death (over 90%) occurs in large quantities due to oxygen deficiency in other organisms.

It is known that as a cause of plaque death, the water becomes oxygen deficient due to a significant decrease in phytoplankton, which is considered to be the largest source of oxygen and is the food of scallops.

Republic of Korea Patent No. 2011-0096226 (sea cucumber, scallop farming machine)

The present invention aims to improve the productivity of scallop farming by improving the chalong used in sewage farming to solve the problems as described above.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is a method for farming scallops in which a scallop plaque is attached to the rubber plate to a chalong provided with a plurality of rubber plates to form a sewage type for a predetermined period in seawater. It provides a scallop farming method characterized by consisting of a rubber composition comprising an acrylic rubber, germanium and amine-based vulcanizing agent.

According to the present invention, since a high amount of germanium is present in the rubber plate of Chalong, the generation amount of oxygen is increased by germanium in the rubber plate having scallop, so that the rate at which the plaque dies due to lack of oxygen is reduced.

In addition, since the rubber plate has improved salt and water resistance, even if the chalong is used in seawater for many years, deformation and cracking do not occur when washing, thereby improving durability of the chalong.

1 is a photograph of a chalong for scallop farming according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the present invention, in a scallop farming method in which a scallop plaque is attached to the rubber plate on a chaperone provided with a plurality of rubber plates and cultured for a predetermined period in seawater, the rubber plate is formed with holes, ethylene acrylic rubber, germanium and amine It relates to a scallop farming method characterized by consisting of a rubber composition containing a system vulcanizing agent.

In the rubber composition of the present invention, ethylene acrylic rubber (AEM) is a ternary copolymer with a crosslinking monomer having a carboxylic acid group in ethylene and methyl acrylate. The carboxylic acid group in the polymer can be crosslinked by bifunctional reagents such as diamines. The fully saturated chain gives excellent ozone resistance and heat resistance, while the methyl acrylate group exhibits oil resistance. This polymer contains no halogen. In addition, it has the characteristics of weatherability, low temperature flexibility, and high tensile strength.

As a commercialized product of ethylene acrylic rubber (AEM), DuPont products Vamac G, Vamac GLS, Vamac HG and the like can be used.

Ethylene acrylic rubber curing agents are generally classified into amine curing agents and peroxide curing agents. In the present invention, compared to 100 parts by weight of rubber, compared to 100 parts by weight of germanium, is intended to fill with a high content of 30 to 100 parts by weight of the peroxide vulcanizing agent. Since the mechanical strength is lowered, it is preferable to use an amine-based vulcanizing agent, especially when blending germanium at a high content.

As an amine-based vulcanizing agent used in a ratio of 1 to 3 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the rubber, an aliphatic or aromatic amine type such as hexamethylenediamine carbamate, N, N´-disinnamilliden-1,6-hexane diamine, etc. Curatives are used.

Germanium is widely used as a material for health devices because it is known as an excellent bio-activating material such as promoting blood circulation and metabolism.

Germanium is known to have an effect of acting as an oxygen catalyst to help the efficient use of oxygen, so that the oxygen supply is smoothly performed, and by releasing anions, the immune system is strengthened to keep the living organisms healthy.

In the present invention, a powder of 10 to 500 μm is used for germanium, and if germanium is less than 30 parts by weight, the bioactive effect may be weak or non-existent, and when it exceeds 100 parts by weight, it is easy to become hard or brittle when forming a rubber plate. The flexibility and durability of the rubber sheet may be deteriorated.

In the rubber plate containing germanium, since the germanium exists inside the rubber plate, it is difficult to sufficiently express the effect of the bio-activation action.

In the present invention, the surface of the molded rubber sheet may be exposed to a part of germanium by row polishing, barrel polishing, or sand blasting.

The loss of scallops is suppressed by improving the adhesion of the scallops on the roughened surface where the germanium is exposed by abrasive processing, so that the productivity of the scallops can be improved.

The rubber plate of the present invention facilitates circulation of seawater in a chalong by forming a hole.

The rubber composition constituting the rubber plate of the present invention may include fillers such as carbon black, calcium silicate, calcium carbonate, zinc oxide, and clay, if necessary; Modifiers such as rosin, petroleum resin, coumarone resin, and phenol resin; Vulcanizing agents such as sulfur and polymorphized rubber; Vulcanization accelerators such as 2-mercaptobenzothiazole and dibenzothiadil disulfide; stabilizator; Anti-aging agents; Pigment; Processing aids; Plasticizers; Etc. can be added.

To the rubber composition constituting the rubber plate of the present invention, isothiocyanates may be further added as a repellent active material for marine plants.

As the isothiocyanates, alkylisothiocyanates, monomethyl thioethers of alkylisothiocyanates, arylisothiocyanates, and the like can be used. Among them, 2,4-dichlorophenylisothiocyanate, 3,4-dichlorophenylisothiocyanate can be preferably used.

For repellent activity on marine plants, antifouling paints using highly toxic substances such as organic tin may be applied and used, but there is a problem in that toxicity is strong or durability is deteriorated, and the rubber plate of the present invention is isothiocyanates As the problem is solved by slowly releasing for a long time, the effect of not attaching marine organisms to seawater can be maintained continuously.

Isothiocyanates may be used by adding 0 to 30 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the vulcanized rubber component of the rubber composition of the present invention. When used in excess of 30 parts by weight, vulcanization is inhibited, so that the mechanical properties of the rubber plate may deteriorate.

When an isothiocyanate is further added as a repellent active material for marine plants to the rubber composition constituting the rubber plate of the present invention, a water-insoluble absorbent resin may be further added.

By adding a water-insoluble absorbent resin to the rubber, absorption and swelling occurs when it comes into contact with a high concentration of brine, such as sea water, so that the marine plant repellent active material isothiocyanates are easily eluted by absorption. Therefore, the attachment and propagation of other plants on the rubber plate may not be achieved.

In addition, the water-insoluble absorbent resin can be used for a long time because it has salt resistance.

Such a water-insoluble absorbent resin can be produced by polymerizing in the presence of a crosslinking agent using a sulfo-alkyl (meth) acrylate monomer and a water-soluble monomer other than this.

The sulfo alkyl (meth) acrylate-based, alkali metal salt or ammonium salt of sulfo ethyl acrylate, alkali metal salt or ammonium salt of sulfo ethyl methacrylate, alkali metal salt or ammonium salt of sulfo propyl acrylate, alkali metal salt of sulfo propyl methacrylate Or an ammonium salt.

The water-soluble monomer may be selected from acrylic acid or its alkali metal salt or ammonium salt, methacrylic acid or its alkali metal salt or ammonium salt, sulfo alkyl acrylate, sulfo alkyl methacrylate, acryl amide, and methacryl amide.

The crosslinking agent is ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, triethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, propylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, Trimethyrolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol di (meth) acrylate, N, N-methylenebisacrylamide, triaryl isocyanurate, trimethyrol Propane diaryl ether.

The water-insoluble absorbent resin may be prepared using a method using a generally known radical polymerization catalyst, a method of irradiating radiation, electron beams, ultraviolet rays, or the like.

The water-insoluble water-absorbent resin is excellent in salt water resistance, and does not decrease the swelling rate in high concentrations of salts, especially in aqueous liquids such as seawater containing polyvalent metal ions, or in aqueous liquids containing salts continuously over a long period even at low concentrations. .

The water-insoluble absorbent resin may be used by adding 0 to 30 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the vulcanized rubber component of the rubber composition of the present invention. When used in excess of 30 parts by weight, vulcanization is inhibited, and thus mechanical properties of the rubber plate are lowered or dropping of the absorbent gel occurs remarkably, so it cannot exhibit stable properties for a long time.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on the following examples and comparative examples.

However, the following examples are only for exemplifying the present invention, and the present invention is not limited by the following examples, and can be replaced with other equivalents and substituted without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains.

[Production Example 1]

100 parts by weight of ethylene acrylic rubber (Vamac G), 30 parts by weight of germanium powder (100 μm), 2 parts by weight of stearic acid, anti-aging agent (4,4′-bis (α, α-dimethylbenzyl) diphenylamine, Daeheung E & C Industry, Japan) 2 parts by weight, plasticizer (RS-735, polyether ester system, ADEKA Corporation (Japan)) 10 parts by weight, vulcanization aid (1,3-di-o-triguanidine, Emerging Chemical Industry (Japan), 4 parts by weight of a rubber composition and 4 parts by weight of a vulcanizing agent (hexamethylenediamine carbamate) were kneaded in a kneader, and the kneaded product was compressed and molded at 170 ° C. for 15 minutes to produce a rubber plate with a hole having a thickness of 5 mm. Did.

[Production Examples 2 to 5]

A rubber plate was manufactured using the same method as in Production Example 1, except that the rubber composition in Production Example 1 was changed as shown in Table 1 below.

[Production Example 6]

In a cylindrical separable flask, sodium salt of sulfo ethyl methacrylate 172.8 g (0.8 mol), acrylic acid 3.6 g (0.05 mol), sodium acrylate 14.1 g (0.15 mol), N, N'-methylenebisacrylamide 0.154 g (0.001 Mol) and 260 g of water were added and stirred to dissolve uniformly. After nitrogen substitution, the solution was heated to 40 ° C., and 10 g of 10% ammonium persulfate aqueous solution and 0.5 g of 1% L-ascorbic acid aqueous solution were added, and stirring was stopped to effect polymerization. Exothermic heat was generated as the polymerization started, and after 40 minutes, the temperature rose to 68 ° C. After confirming that the temperature of the polymerization system began to decrease, the solution was raised to 90 ° C and heated for another hour. The water-containing gel of the obtained absorbent resin was powdered, then dried for 5 hours with a hot air dryer at 150 ° C and pulverized to obtain an absorbent resin.

Rubber composition Preparation Example 1 Preparation Example 2 Preparation Example 3 Preparation Example 4 Preparation Example 5 Ethyl acrylic rubber 100 100 100 100 0 NBR 0 0 0 0 100 germanium 30 90 30 30 0 Carbon black 0 0 0 0 30 Stearic acid 2 2 2 2 2 Anti-aging agent 2 2 2 2 2 Plasticizer 10 10 10 10 10 Vulcanization 4 4 4 4 0 Zinc oxide 0 0 0 0 3 Vulcanizer 2 2 2 2 0 brimstone 0 0 0 0 One Isothiocyanates 0 0 15 15 0 Absorbent resin 0 0 0 15 0 * Unit is part by weight
** NBR is Japanese synthetic rubber product N241H, isothiocyanates are 2,4-dichlorophenylisothiocyanates, and absorbent resins are those of Preparation Example 6.

[Example 1]

The 10 rubber plates of Preparation Example 1 were prepared and attached to the rubber plate by 20 mi of scallop plaques (average height 1 cm) in 5 chalons divided into 10 compartments. .

[Example 2]

In Example 1, the rubber plate was cultured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the rubber plate of Production Example 2 was used.

[Example 3]

In Example 1, the surface of the rubber plate was cultured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the rubber plate was used as a rubber plate.

At this time, the surface of the obtained rubber plate was observed with a magnifying glass to confirm that a portion of germanium protruded from the surface of the rubber plate.

[Example 4]

In Example 1, except for using the rubber plate of Preparation Example 3, it was cultured in the same manner as in Example 1.

[Example 5]

In Example 1, except for using the rubber plate of Preparation Example 4, it was cultured in the same manner as in Example 1.

[Comparative Example 1]

It was cultured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the rubber plate of Preparation Example 5 was used in Example 1.

It was shown in Table 2 by evaluating the physical properties of the rubber plates of Preparation Example 1 and Preparation Example 5.

division Preparation Example 1 Preparation Example 5 Properties Hardness (Duro A) 90 86 Tensile strength (MPa) 4.1 2.4 Elongation (%) 70 120 Immersion test Hardness change -5 -7 Tensile strength change rate (%) -25 -27 Elongation change rate (%) +28 +82 Volume change rate (%) +3.5 +6.4 25% brine
Immersion test
Hardness change (Point) -One -2 " Tensile strength change rate (%) -8 -19 " Elongation change rate (%) +2 -5 " Volume change rate (%) +2.9 +3.4 * Immersion test: measured after immersion in water at 70 ℃ for 70 hours
** 25% saline immersion test: measured after 168 hours immersion in 25% saline

From the results of Table 2 above, it was confirmed that the rubber sheet of the present invention improved water resistance and salt resistance.

For the scallop farming method of the Examples and Comparative Examples, the mortality rate, the biological adhesion state of the rubber plate, and the durability of the rubber plate were evaluated, and the results are shown in Table 3 below.

At this time, the state of attachment of the organism to the rubber plate is completed, and after the culture is completed, the chalong is taken out of the seawater, and the adhesion state of the organism to the rubber plate is observed, and the following five steps are evaluated.

◎ ： Attachment area 0%

○ ： Attachment area 0-15%

● ： 15 ~ 30% of the attached area

△ ： 30-60% of the attached area

×: 60% or more of the attached area

The durability of the rubber plate is evaluated by observing the deformation or cracking of the rubber plate by washing with high pressure water after completion of aquaculture.

○: No cracking or deformation

×: crack or deformation occurs

Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Comparative Example 1 Mortality rate (%) 13 8 11 12 10 27 Attachment of organisms to rubber plates ● ● ● ◎ ◎ △ durability ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ×

From Table 3, it was confirmed that when scallop farming was performed according to the method of the present invention (Examples 1 to 5), the supply of oxygen by germanium was promoted, so that the mortality rate was significantly improved.

On the other hand, when isothiocyanates are further added to the rubber plate provided in the chalong, the adhesion of organisms to the rubber plate is suppressed to facilitate the growth of scallops and to facilitate the harvesting after farming.

In addition, it is confirmed that the rubber plate provided in the chalong has improved salt water resistance, and thus, after completion of aquaculture, high pressure water washing for reuse of the high plate is possible, thereby improving productivity.

Claims (5)

In the scallop farming method of attaching a scallop plaque to the rubber plate on a chaongron equipped with a large number of rubber plates, and farming for a predetermined period in a seawater type,
The rubber plate is formed with a hole,
30 to 100 parts by weight of germanium in a powder of 10 to 500 µm compared to 100 parts by weight of ethylene acrylic rubber, amine-based vulcanizing agent and isothiocyanates,
The amine-based vulcanizing agent is hexamethylene diamine carbamate or N, N′-discinnamilidene-1,6-hexane diamine,
The isothiocyanates are 2,4-dichlorophenylisothiocyanate or 3,4-dichlorophenylisothiocyanate,
Scallop farming method characterized in that it is made of a rubber composition. delete delete delete According to claim 1,
A method of scallop farming, characterized in that a portion of germanium is exposed on the surface of the rubber plate by the rubber plate being subjected to file polishing, barrel polishing, or sand blasting.

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