KR102114375B1 - Solar energy system utilizing rainwater - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention, a storage tank for storing rainwater; A plurality of photovoltaic devices installed in a landfill, the photovoltaic devices including a photovoltaic panel and a washing spray device for spraying the rainwater against the photovoltaic panel; A rainwater supply pump for supplying the rainwater stored in the storage tank to the washing spray device; A temperature sensor that measures temperature of the solar panel to generate temperature information; And a control unit that operates the rainwater supply pump based on the temperature information to spray the rainwater to the solar panel and cools the rainwater.

Description

SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM UTILIZING RAINWATER

The present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation system that increases power generation efficiency by utilizing rainwater.

In general, the solar panel is a device that serves to convert the solar light energy into electrical energy. Its application fields are used as power sources for electronic clocks, radios, unmanned lighthouses, unmanned repeaters, buoy lights, satellites, and rockets.

In particular, photovoltaic power generation is in the spotlight as global countermeasures and regulations for environmental pollution have recently occurred. The solar cell panel used in photovoltaic power generation is the smallest unit that uses photoelectric effect to generate electricity, and a plurality of cells are connected in series or in parallel to generate power of a certain size. It is called a module. When a plurality of such solar power modules are connected in series or in parallel to form an aggregate, this is called a solar power station.

Solar energy is attracting attention as an alternative energy to replace the depletion of existing energy resources such as oil and coal because of its abundant resources and no risk of environmental pollution. However, the conversion efficiency of the above-described solar panel is 10 to 20%, and the main reason for the low conversion efficiency is that the solar cell cannot convert all light into electricity, thereby converting light energy that has not been converted into electrical energy into heat. As a result, the temperature of the solar panel rises (the resulting loss accounts for about 60% of the total loss).

Since the photovoltaic power generation module has an output drop due to the temperature rise of the photovoltaic panel due to the characteristics of the photovoltaic panel, if the power generation efficiency at 25°C is 100%, the output of 0.45~0.55% is output whenever the temperature rises 1°C Decreases. In other words, the temperature and voltage of the solar panel are inversely proportional, so as the temperature rises, the voltage decreases and the power generation output falls.

For this reason, the power generation in the hot summer is lower than the amount of solar radiation, and the solar panel is deteriorated due to the increase in temperature. There was a shortening problem.

In order to solve such a problem, according to Korean Patent Publication No. 2017-0031408, a technique of providing a panel cooling means to maintain a constant temperature of a solar panel has been disclosed.

Meanwhile, a large installation space is required to increase the efficiency of the solar power plant. An appropriate place for such an installation space is a "garbage landfill". In particular, the landfill site is left idle for about 20 to 30 years. Although there has been a demand to utilize such a space, the landfill site has a safety problem when a solar power plant is installed due to floating settlement due to soft ground.

The present invention is to provide a photovoltaic power generation system that can increase the photovoltaic power generation efficiency by simply cooling the phenomenon that the photovoltaic panel is overheated through rainwater and cope with the floating settlement phenomenon that may occur on the soft ground.

A solar power system utilizing rainwater, which is an embodiment of the present invention, devised to solve the above-described problems, includes a storage tank for storing rainwater; A plurality of photovoltaic devices installed in a landfill, the photovoltaic devices including a photovoltaic panel and a washing spray device for spraying the rainwater against the photovoltaic panel; A rainwater supply pump for supplying the rainwater stored in the storage tank to the washing spray device; A temperature sensor that measures temperature of the solar panel to generate temperature information; And a control unit that operates the rainwater supply pump based on the temperature information to cool the rainwater by spraying the rainwater on the solar panel.

Here, the solar power system utilizing the rainwater, the intermediate storage tank is installed above the storage tank; And a water hammer pump installed in the middle of the intermediate storage tank and the storage tank, so that the rainwater of the intermediate storage tank is supplied to the washing injection device.

Here, the photovoltaic power generation system utilizing the rainwater includes: a heating bath that receives the rainwater of the storage tank and converts it into hot water; A hot water supply pump supplying the hot water to the washing injection device; It includes a communication unit for obtaining weather information, the control unit, when snowfall forecast or snowfall information is obtained from the weather information, by operating the hot water supply pump, it is possible to prevent the snow panel from being snowfall.

Here, the photovoltaic power generation system utilizing the rainwater further includes a camera module for acquiring image information on the photovoltaic panel, and the controller analyzes the image information to cause snowfall in the photovoltaic panel. When detected, the hot water supply pump may be operated to control hot water to be sprayed from the washing spray device.

Here, the washing and spraying device, the pipeline installed on the upper side of the solar panel in the longitudinal direction; And it is formed on the pipeline, it may include a plurality of injection nozzles for spraying the storm to the solar panel side.

Here, the injection nozzle may include: a first sub-injection nozzle for spraying the rainwater with a first pressure and a first width; And a second sub-injection nozzle formed adjacent to the first sub-injection nozzle and spraying the rainwater with a second width greater than the first pressure and a second width narrower than the first width.

Here, the photovoltaic device, the photovoltaic panel may include a support for supporting the inclination of "installation latitude-(15 ~ 20˚)".

Here, the photovoltaic device includes a foundation installed at the bottom of the support, the foundation comprising: a casing; Rainwater inlet installed on the upper surface of the casing; Rainwater storage tank for storing the rainwater flowing through the rainwater inlet; And it may include a rainwater outlet to discharge the rainwater of the rainwater storage tank to the storage tank.

Here, the photovoltaic device, the rainwater storage tank may include a plurality of cells and a drain valve installed in each cell.

Here, the photovoltaic device, the tilt sensor installed on the casing; And a panel control unit controlling on/off of the drain valve based on the tilt information obtained from the tilt sensor to discharge rainwater from the rainwater reservoir to the outside to maintain the balance of the foundation.

Here, the rainwater storage tank may include a cylindrical water tank installed on both sides of the casing.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, by directly spraying the rainwater stored in advance in the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic device to the photovoltaic panel for cooling, it is possible to increase the photovoltaic power generation efficiency as well as spraying hot water in winter. By washing the solar panel, it is possible to prevent snow from accumulating and power generation.

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention having the above-described configuration, it is possible to store the rainwater in the foundation of the photovoltaic device, by adding a basic load to increase the stability while acting as a ballast water of the photovoltaic device While improving the overall installation stability, it is possible to recycle the superiority of landfills as cooling water for surface cleaning of solar panels or to prevent overheating in summer.

1 is a view for explaining the entire system of a solar power system utilizing rainwater, which is an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a view for explaining the operation concept of the washing spray device in the solar power system utilizing rainwater, which is an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a perspective view of a photovoltaic device in a photovoltaic power generation system utilizing rainwater as an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a view showing various examples of foundations used in the photovoltaic device of FIG. 3.
5 is a block diagram illustrating the electronic configuration of the photovoltaic device of FIG. 3.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments of the present invention may be modified in various forms, and the scope of the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited to the embodiments described below. These embodiments are provided to explain the present invention in more detail to those of ordinary skill in the art.

Hereinafter, a solar power system utilizing rainwater according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this specification, the same or similar reference numerals are assigned to the same or similar configurations in different embodiments, and the description is replaced with the first description.

1 is a view for explaining the entire system of a solar power system utilizing rainwater, which is an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the photovoltaic power generation system includes a storage tank 1 for storing rainwater, a solar power generation device 2 installed in a landfill, an intermediate storage tank 6, a water hammer pump 7, a heating tank 8, hot water It may be configured to include a supply pump 9, a camera module 11, a temperature sensor (not shown), a communication unit (not shown), and a control unit (not shown).

The storage tank 1 is a device for storing rainwater obtainable from a landfill or a photovoltaic panel 21.

The photovoltaic device 2 is installed on a soft ground such as a landfill, and may be configured to include a foundation 24 having a structure capable of responding to the floating settlement phenomenon. The photovoltaic device 2 includes a photovoltaic panel 21 in which a plurality of photovoltaic cells are attached in a matrix form to convert solar energy into electrical energy, and a support for inclining the photovoltaic panel 21 at a certain angle. It is configured to include (23), has a structure that can be stored by the foundation 24, serves to supply the rainwater to the storage tank (1). The structure of the photovoltaic device 2 will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5. In the present invention, the photovoltaic device 2 is equipped with a washing spray device 22, and the water in the storage tank 1 or the heating tank 8 is used to maintain the temperature of the photovoltaic panel 21 and prevent power generation. It can be configured to be able to clean substances (eg dust or snow). The washing and spraying device 22 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 2.

The intermediate storage tank 6 collects rainwater stored in the rainwater collection device (not shown) or the foundation 24 of the photovoltaic device 2, supplies rainwater to the storage tank 1, and lacks water in the foundation 24. In the case, it serves to supply water to the foundation 24 by receiving water from the storage tank 1. The intermediate storage tank 6 is located higher than the storage tank 1, and water is supplied to the storage tank 1 by gravity.

The water hammer pump 7 is installed between the storage tank 1 and the intermediate storage tank 6 to provide a function of supplying rainwater to the washing injection device 22 using potential energy between the intermediate storage tank 6 and the storage tank 1. do. The water hammer pump 7 is a pump that intermittently blocks water flowing in a small drop and pumps water to a high place using the water hammer pressure generated at that time, and has an advantage that external power is unnecessary and operation costs are low.

The heating bath (8) is installed in the vicinity of the storage tank (1), and serves to receive rainwater from the storage tank (1) and convert it into hot water. In particular, when snow is accumulated in the winter, when the snow is accumulated on the solar panel 21, the sunlight is reflected by the snow, so power generation is not performed. Accordingly, in the present invention, weather information is obtained through the communication unit, and if there is snowfall information or snowfall forecast information in the weather information, hot water is injected into the solar panel 21 by operating the hot water supply pump 9. , Accordingly, snow is not accumulated in the solar panel 21. As it has a structure capable of preventing snowfall, the installation angle of the solar panel 21 can be installed at a lower angle, and accordingly, the installation density of the solar panel 21 (that is, more in the same area) Many solar panels 21 can be installed). For example, when the photovoltaic panel 21 is installed at an inclination of the installation latitude-(15~20˚) toward the south with respect to the northern hemisphere, when installed at an inclination of the installation latitude (the slope with the largest power generation efficiency per panel 21) Compared to the power generation efficiency is lowered by 3%, it has an effect of increasing the installation density by 6%, and it is possible to prevent the generation of electricity from being disturbed by the accumulation of snow in winter.

The camera module 11 is installed in a landfill to obtain image information about the photovoltaic device 2 or the solar panel 21. The controller analyzes the image information, and when a snowfall phenomenon is detected in the solar panel 21, operates the hot water supply pump 9 to control the hot water spray from the washing spray device 22 do.

A temperature sensor (not shown) functions to measure the temperature of the solar panel 21. The power generation efficiency of the solar panel 21 is greatly affected by temperature. In particular, in May-September, the temperature of the panel 21 rises to 55-80°C, and the power generation efficiency decreases by 30% or less. Accordingly, the control unit in the present invention, based on the temperature information measured by the temperature sensor, if the panel 21 temperature is higher than the reference temperature (for example, 55°C), operates the storm water supply pump 3 to store the reservoir 1 It is possible to maximize the efficiency of solar power generation by spraying the rainwater stored in the solar panel 21 to cool the rainwater.

Hereinafter, the operation of the cleaning spray device 22 of the solar power system utilizing rainwater, which is an embodiment of the present invention, will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 2.

2 is a view for explaining the operation concept of the washing spray device 22 of the solar power system utilizing rainwater, which is an embodiment of the present invention. As illustrated in FIG. 2, a cleaning spray device 22 is installed on the upper side of the solar panel 21. The washing spraying device 22 may be composed of a pipeline 22 installed on the upper side of the solar panel 21 in the longitudinal direction and a plurality of spray nozzles 222 formed on the pipeline 22.

The pipeline 22 is a path through which the above-described hot water or rainwater (pressure water) flows, and hot water or rainwater flows therein by the hot water supply pump 9 and the rainwater supply pump 3. A plurality of injection nozzles 222 are formed on the side surface of the pipeline 22. The spray nozzle functions to cool the solar panel 21 or to wash foreign matter (snow or dust) attached to the solar panel 21 by spraying hot water or rainwater with the solar panel 21. .

The injection nozzle 222 may include a first sub-injection nozzle 2221 for spraying the rainwater with a first pressure and a first width; And a second sub-injection nozzle 2222 that is formed adjacent to the first sub-injection nozzle and injects the rainwater into a second width greater than the first pressure and a second width narrower than the first width. have. That is, the first sub-injection nozzle 2221 is widely sprayed at a low pressure, and the second sub-injection nozzle 2222 is sprayed at a high pressure and narrowly, so that the usefulness of removing foreign substances can be increased.

Hereinafter, a photovoltaic device 2 used in an embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 3.

3 is a perspective view of a photovoltaic device 2 in a photovoltaic power generation system utilizing rainwater, which is an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 3, an embodiment of the present invention, a photovoltaic device has a configuration that can prepare for subsidence, largely a solar panel 21, a support 23, and a foundation (24: foundation water storage tank) Also referred to as).

The support 23, the photovoltaic panel 21 is most preferably installed at a certain angle (preferably perpendicular to the sun, but in the present invention to increase the installation density as described above to increase the photovoltaic panel 21 ) Is the component that allows the installation latitude-configured to support (15~20˚) slope). The support 23 is made of a metal material or a synthetic resin material, and is configured to sufficiently support various natural phenomena such as snow, rain and typhoons.

The foundation 24 installed at the lower end of the support 23 serves as a basis for the photovoltaic device 2 according to the present invention. The portion of the foundation 24 is partially buried in the ground and a part of the foundation 24 can be located on the ground, and the portion of the foundation 24 located on the ground is made of a transparent material so that the inside of the foundation 24 can be visually controlled. .

The foundation 24 includes a casing 241, a rainwater inlet 242 formed on an upper surface of the casing 241, and a rainwater outlet 244 provided on a side (or bottom). The rainwater (water) flowing through the rainwater inlet 242 is collected in the rainwater storage tank 243 installed in the receiving space inside the casing 241 and discharged to the rainwater outlet 244 as necessary. In this way, when the foundation 24 is structured to be able to store water in the foundation 24, the interior hollow space is provided and can be made lightweight, so that the photovoltaic device 2 can be easily moved or assembled. In the case of actual landfill, the weight is increased by water, so that the photovoltaic device 2 can be more stably installed. In addition, as will be described later, the water in the rainwater storage tank 243 acts as a ballast water, so that the photovoltaic device 2 can be stably supported by the landfill even in the case of floating settlement of the landfill. Moreover, the water in the rainwater storage tank 243 is supplied to an external water supply tank or the like, so that it can be utilized later as landscaping water, fire fighting water, emergency water, or the like.

The rainwater outlet 244 is a component for transferring rainwater collected in the rainwater storage tank 243 to the rainwater storage tank 33 of the intermediate storage tank 6 or other adjacent foundations 24. In the drawing, the rainwater outlet 244 is formed on the side surface, but is not limited thereto, and may be installed on the bottom surface of the casing 241. When the rainwater outlet 244 is connected to the adjacent foundation 24, it can be referred to as a drainage connection.

Hereinafter, various examples of the foundation 24 will be described with reference to FIG. 4.

4 is a view showing various examples of the foundation 24 used in the photovoltaic device 2 of FIG. 3. 4A is a first embodiment of the foundation 24. 3(a) is a water tank type, and has a plurality of cells (not shown) having a matrix cell shape therein, and a valve is formed in each cell, and an excellent outlet 244 at a predetermined height outside. Is formed. According to this configuration, the rainwater is maintained up to a certain height, and when the rainwater is filled in the storage tank, the rainwater is discharged into the water supply tank or the ground through the rainwater outlet 244. In addition, in order to cope with the subsidence phenomenon, it is also possible to control the valve for each cell to change the center of gravity of the foundation 24, thereby improving the balance of the photovoltaic device 2 as a whole.

4(b) is a side attachment type. A cylindrical water tank (2431: collection tube) is attached to both sides of the casing 241. The collected rainwater is collected in water tanks installed on both sides of the casing 241, and accordingly, the horizontal balance force of the foundation 24 is strengthened.

Fig. 4(c) is a top surface attachment type. A cylindrical (semi-cylindrical) water tank 2432 (collecting tube) is attached to both upper sides of the casing 241. The collected rainwater is collected in water tanks installed on both sides of the upper portion of the casing 241, and accordingly, not only the balance force of the foundation 24 but also the vertical stability force is enhanced.

4(d) is a recessed type. Both sides of the inside of the casing (241) water tank (2432: collection tube) is attached. The collected rainwater is collected in water tanks installed on both sides of the casing 241, and accordingly, not only the equilibrium force of the foundation 24 but also the vertical stability force is enhanced.

5 is a block diagram for explaining the electronic configuration of the photovoltaic device 2 of FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 5, as shown in FIG. 4, the solar power generation device 2 for ground subsidence contrast, which is an embodiment of the present invention, includes a tilt sensor 246, a drain/water supply valve 248, and a panel It may be configured to include a communication unit 249, a flow rate sensor 250, a panel pump 8 and a panel control unit (9).

The tilt sensor 246 is a component attached to the landfill photovoltaic device 2 due to the floating settlement of the landfill. The tilt sensor 246 may be installed on the foundation 24, may be installed on the support 23, or may be installed on the solar panel 21, 1.

The drain/water supply valve 248 is provided for each cell in the rainwater storage tank 243 inside the foundation 24, and is controlled on/off based on the tilt information from the tilt sensor 246 under the control of the panel control unit 9 It is a component. For example, it is determined by the tilt sensor 246 that the photovoltaic device 2 is tilted to the right due to a floating settlement phenomenon, and the panel control unit 9 drives the panel pump 248 and drains/ The water supply valve 247 is turned on/off to discharge the rainwater of the cell on the right, and water is supplied to the cell on the left. As a result, it can be configured to balance the photovoltaic device 2 to counteract the floating settlement phenomenon.

The panel communication unit 249 is a component for communicating with an external communication device. The control unit that acquires the tilt information through the tilt sensor 246 determines that a failure or damage of the photovoltaic device 2 is feared due to floating settlement when the tilt information is higher than the reference information. Management center server, safety management personnel's mobile terminal) will send the information of the floating settlement alarm. As a result, operators of the photovoltaic complex can quickly identify problems and take appropriate measures.

In addition, the flow rate sensor 250 serves to detect the excellent amount of the rainwater storage tank 243. The rainwater storage tank 243 senses the storage amount to generate rainwater storage information, and the panel control unit 9 operates the pump based on the rainwater storage information to discharge rainwater through the rainwater outlet 244 to obtain an appropriate amount of rainwater. Keep inside the foundation (24).

By the above operation, according to the photovoltaic device 2 which is an example of the present invention, it is possible to appropriately move the center of gravity to respond to the floating settlement.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the solar power generation efficiency can be increased by directly spraying and cooling the rainwater storing the photovoltaic panel 21 of the photovoltaic device 2 directly in the photovoltaic panel 21. In addition, since the solar panel 21 is washed by spraying hot water in winter, it is possible to prevent the snow from accumulating and preventing power generation.

In addition, according to one embodiment of the present invention having the above-described configuration, it is possible to store the rainwater in the foundation 24 of the photovoltaic device 2, adding a basic load to increase stability and serve as a ballast water By increasing the overall installation stability of the photovoltaic device 2, it is possible to recycle the superiority of the landfill, etc. as cooling water for cleaning the surface of the solar panel 21 or preventing overheating in summer.

The photovoltaic power generation system utilizing the rainwater described above is not limited to the configuration and method of the above-described embodiments, and the above-described embodiments may have all or some of each embodiment so that various modifications can be made. It may be configured in an optional combination.

1: storage tank
2: Solar power generation device
21: Solar Panel
22: washing spraying device
3: Excellent supply pump
6: Medium storage tank
7: Water hammer pump
8: Gaonzo
9: hot water supply pump
11: Camera module

Claims (11)

Storage tank to store rainwater;
A plurality of photovoltaic devices installed in a landfill, the photovoltaic devices including a photovoltaic panel and a washing spray device for spraying the rainwater against the photovoltaic panel;
A rainwater supply pump for supplying the rainwater stored in the storage tank to the washing spray device;
A temperature sensor that measures temperature of the solar panel to generate temperature information; And
And a control unit for operating the rainwater supply pump based on the temperature information to spray the rainwater into the solar panel for cooling.
The photovoltaic device
Includes a foundation installed at the bottom of the support,
The foundation,
Casing;
Rainwater inlet installed on the upper surface of the casing;
An rainwater storage tank for storing the rainwater flowing through the rainwater inlet; And
A solar power system utilizing rainwater, including an rainwater outlet for discharging the rainwater from the rainwater storage tank to the storage tank.
According to claim 1,
An intermediate storage tank installed above the storage tank; And
It is installed in the middle of the intermediate storage tank and the storage tank, a water hammer pump that allows the rainwater of the intermediate storage tank to be supplied to the washing injection device; further comprising, Solar power system utilizing excellent.
According to claim 1,
A heating bath that receives the superiority of the storage tank and converts it into hot water;
A hot water supply pump supplying the hot water to the washing injection device; And
It includes a communication unit for obtaining weather information,
The control unit,
When the snowfall forecast or snowfall information is obtained from the weather information, a solar power generation system utilizing rainwater to operate the hot water supply pump to prevent snowfall on the solar panel.
The method of claim 3,
Further comprising a camera module for obtaining image information for the solar panel,
The control unit,
When the snowfall phenomenon is detected in the photovoltaic panel by analyzing the image information, operating the hot water supply pump to control the hot water to be sprayed from the washing and spraying device, utilizing solar power.
According to claim 1,
The washing spray device,
A pipeline installed on the upper side of the solar panel in a long direction; And
It is formed on the pipeline, including a plurality of injection nozzles for spraying the rainwater toward the photovoltaic panel, a solar power system utilizing the rainwater.
The method of claim 5,
The injection nozzle,
A first sub-injection nozzle spraying the rainwater with a first pressure and a first width; And
It is formed adjacent to the first sub-injection nozzle, and includes a second sub-injection nozzle that injects the rainwater into a second width that is greater than the first pressure and a second width that is narrower than the first width. Power generation system.
According to claim 1,
The photovoltaic device,
The photovoltaic panel includes a support for supporting the inclination of the installation latitude-(15~20˚), a solar power system utilizing rainwater.
delete According to claim 1,
The photovoltaic device,
The rainwater storage tank includes a plurality of cells and a drain valve installed in each cell, a solar power system utilizing rainwater.
The method of claim 9,
The photovoltaic device
A tilt sensor installed in the casing;
A solar power system utilizing rainwater, including a panel control unit that controls the on/off of the drain valve based on the tilt information obtained from the tilt sensor to discharge rainwater from the rainwater reservoir to maintain the balance of the foundation. .
According to claim 1,
The rainwater storage tank,
A solar power system utilizing rainwater, including a cylindrical water tank installed on both sides of the casing.

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