KR102110536B1 - Compressor driving device and air conditioner including the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a compressor driving device and an air conditioner having the same. A compressor driving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of switching elements, supplies gate driving voltages to each of the plurality of switching elements, turns the plurality of switching elements on and off, and the plurality of switching elements Power supply unit for supplying the power module to the power module through the on and off operation, the power module for driving the compressor motor, the first power source as the gate driving voltage and the gate power terminal provided in the power module, It includes a pressure switching element connected between a power module and a power supply, and turned on and off according to the pressure of the refrigerant compressed in the compressor to supply or cut off the gate driving voltage to the power module. Accordingly, it is possible to protect the compressor from high pressure.

Description

Compressor driving device and air conditioner including the same}

The present invention relates to a compressor driving device and an air conditioner having the same, and more particularly, to an air conditioner capable of protecting a compressor from high pressure.

The air conditioner is installed to provide a more comfortable indoor environment to human beings by discharging cold and warm air into the room to sense a comfortable indoor environment, sensing the indoor temperature, and purifying the indoor air.

In the air conditioner, the outdoor unit and the indoor unit are connected to the refrigerant pipe, and the refrigerant compressed from the compressor of the outdoor unit is supplied to the heat exchanger of the indoor unit through the refrigerant pipe, and the refrigerant exchanged heat in the heat exchanger of the indoor unit is again used for the outdoor unit through the refrigerant pipe. It flows into the compressor. Accordingly, the indoor unit discharges cold and hot air into the room through heat exchange using a refrigerant.

On the other hand, the compressor driving device is a device for controlling the pressure in the refrigerant compressed in the compressor by controlling the motor in the compressor driving device.

In such a compressor driving device, the pressure of the compressor may increase. For example, due to factors such as overload of the air conditioner and the external environment (eg, heat waves), when the amount of heat exchange of the refrigerant is reduced and the temperature of the refrigerant rises more than the standard, the condensing pressure of the refrigerant may increase. .

When the pressure of the compressor exceeds the normal pressure, various studies have been conducted on a method of controlling the expansion mechanism, adjusting the pressure, or stopping driving of the motor in the compressor driving device. As in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 1994-101913), using various detection information of the inverter, the compressor is stopped by S / W (Soft Ware) or prior art 2 (Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2012- As shown in 0011862), a relay coil is arranged at the input terminal where the main power is supplied, and a high pressure pressure switch is connected to the relay coil, and when a compressor detects high pressure, the high pressure pressure switch operates, and accordingly, the main relay is cut off. The / W (Hard Ware) method prevailed.

However, the conventional S / W method does not conform to European safety standards when using R32 refrigerant, and the conventional H / W method uses a relay switch, which increases the cost, and the relay coil in the high pressure pressure switch. Directly connected, there is a problem that the supply of the main power is unstable.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, to provide a compressor driving device and an air conditioner including the same to protect the compressor from high pressure.

To achieve the above object, a compressor driving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of switching elements, and supplies gate driving voltages to each of the plurality of switching elements to turn on and off the plurality of switching elements. The power module for driving the compressor motor by the on / off operation of the plurality of switching elements and the first power source as the gate driving voltage, through the gate power terminal provided in the power module, to the power module. And a pressure switching element connected between the power supply to be supplied and the power module and the power supply, and turned on and off according to the pressure of the refrigerant compressed in the compressor to supply or block the gate driving voltage to the power module. .

To achieve the above object, the air conditioner according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of switching elements, and supplies gate driving voltages to each of the plurality of switching elements to turn on and off the plurality of switching elements. The power module for driving the compressor motor by the on / off operation of the plurality of switching elements and the first power source as the gate driving voltage, through the gate power terminal provided in the power module, to the power module. And a pressure switching element connected between the power supply to be supplied and the power module and the power supply, and turned on and off according to the pressure of the refrigerant compressed in the compressor to supply or block the gate driving voltage to the power module. .

Compressor driving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, by detecting the high pressure of the compressor, through a pressure switching element that is automatically cut off, it is possible to stop the compressor in H / W.

In addition, since the compressor driving device stops the compressor in H / W when the compressor has a high pressure or higher, it is possible to cut off the power more quickly than the S / W method.

In addition, since the compressor driving device stops the compressor in H / W when a high pressure of the compressor is abnormal, it is possible to satisfy the European Pressure Equipment Directive (PED).

In addition, the compressor driving device stops the compressor by blocking the driving voltage of the IPM (Intelligent Power Module (IPM)) rather than blocking the main power applied to the compressor driving device when the compressor has a high pressure or higher, thereby stopping the compressor. Even in the case of abnormality, the main power can be stably supplied to the compressor driving device.

On the other hand, the compressor driving device can completely prevent the malfunction of the compressor driving device by completely blocking the gate driving voltage in the IPM when the compressor has a high pressure or higher.

In addition, the compressor driving device, when the high pressure of the compressor, the gate driving voltage is cut off, so the compressor is completely stopped, thereby preventing fire and other accidents due to the explosion of the compressor and protecting the compressor.

In addition, since the compressor driving device does not require a relay switch or the like to cut off the main power, manufacturing cost can be reduced.

The air conditioner according to another embodiment of the present invention can detect the high pressure of the compressor and stop the compressor in H / W through a pressure switching element that is automatically cut off.

In addition, the air conditioner does not block the main power supplied to the air conditioner, but blocks the driving voltage of the IPM (Intelligent Power Module (IPM)) to stop the compressor. , Can be supplied to the air conditioner.

1 is an example of an internal block diagram of a compressor driving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a control configuration of the compressor driving device of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example inside the inverter control unit of FIG. 2.
4 is an example of an internal circuit diagram of the compressor driving device of FIG. 1.
5 is a circuit diagram for explaining the operation method of the compressor driving device of FIG. 4.
6 is a circuit diagram for explaining the operation method of the compressor driving device of FIG. 4.
7 is a view referred to in the description of FIG. 6.
8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a schematic diagram of the outdoor unit and the indoor unit of FIG. 8.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

The suffixes "modules" and "parts" for components used in the following description are given simply by considering the ease of writing this specification, and do not imply any special significance or role in itself. Therefore, the "module" and the "unit" may be used interchangeably.

Terms including ordinal numbers such as first and second may be used to describe various components, but the components are not limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from other components.

In this application, terms such as "comprises" or "have" are intended to indicate the presence of features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts or combinations thereof described in the specification, but one or more other features. It should be understood that the presence of, or the likelihood of, or addition to, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof are not to be excluded.

1 is an example of an internal block diagram of a compressor driving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a control configuration of the compressor driving apparatus of FIG. 1.

Referring to the drawings, the compressor driving apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a power supply unit 210, a pressure switching element 230, a pressure sensing unit 250, a main control unit 270, a display unit ( 290), an inverter 420, a gate driver 430, an inverter controller 440, a compressor motor 102b, and a compressor 102.

In addition, the compressor driving apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include a converter 410 that converts input AC power to DC power and outputs the converted AC power.

In addition, the compressor driving apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an input current detector A, a reactor (not shown), a dc stage capacitor C, a dc stage voltage detector B, and an output current detector E ) May be further included.

Meanwhile, the compressor driving apparatus 100 of the present invention is for driving the compressor motor 102b. Hereinafter, the compressor motor 102b, the three-phase synchronous motor 102b, and the motor 102b may be used interchangeably.

On the other hand, the high pressure or higher of the compressor 102 refers to a phenomenon in which the pressure of the compressed refrigerant of the compressor 102 is out of the normal pressure range and becomes a high pressure state higher than a threshold value on the high pressure side. There is a risk of high pressure explosion of the compressor (102).

Conventional compressor driving device, in order to solve the problem due to the high pressure of the compressor, by using various detection information of the inverter, to stop the compressor in S / W (Soft Ware), or relay coil to the input terminal is supplied with the main power Is arranged, and a high pressure switch is connected to the relay coil, and when the compressor detects high pressure, the high pressure switch is operated, and accordingly H / W (Hard Ware) is cut off the main relay.

However, the conventional S / W method does not conform to European safety standards when using R32 refrigerant, and the conventional H / W method uses a relay switch, which increases the cost, and the relay coil in the high pressure pressure switch. Directly connected, there is a problem that the supply of the main power is unstable.

The present invention protects the compressor 102 from high pressure, and when the high pressure of the compressor 102 is abnormal, blocks the driving voltage applied to the Intelligent Power Module (IPM), resulting in the explosion of the compressor driving device 100. It proposes a method to more effectively protect the compressor 102 from fire and other accidents.

Hereinafter, the operation of each of the constituent units in the compressor driving apparatus 100 of FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described.

A reactor (not shown) is disposed between the input AC power source 405 and the converter 410 to perform power factor correction or boost operation. In addition, a reactor (not shown) may perform a function of limiting harmonic currents due to high-speed switching of a converter or the like.

The input current detector A can detect the input current input from the commercial AC power supply 405. To this end, as the input current detector A, a current transformer (CT), a shunt resistor, or the like can be used. The detected input current may be input to the inverter control unit 440 as a pulsed discrete signal.

The converter 410 may convert the commercial AC power supply 405 into a DC power supply and output it to the DC terminal. Although the commercial AC power source 405 is illustrated as a single-phase AC power source in the drawing, it may be a three-phase AC power source. The internal structure of the converter 410 may also vary according to the type of the commercial AC power source 405.

Meanwhile, the converter 410 may be made of a diode or the like without a switching element, and may perform a rectification operation without a separate switching operation.

For example, in the case of a single-phase AC power supply, four diodes may be used in the form of a bridge, and in the case of a three-phase AC power supply, six diodes may be used in the form of a bridge.

Meanwhile, as the converter 410, for example, a half-bridge type converter in which two switching elements and four diodes are connected may be used, and in the case of a three-phase AC power source, six switching elements and six diodes may be used. . In this case, the converter 410 may be referred to as a rectifier.

When the converter 410 includes a switching element, a step-up operation, power factor improvement, and DC power conversion may be performed by a switching operation of the switching element.

The dc stage capacitor (C) is connected to both ends of the dc, and smooths the input power and stores it. In the drawing, a single device is illustrated as a dc terminal capacitor (C), but a plurality of devices are provided to secure device stability.

On the other hand, both ends of the dc stage capacitor (C), since the DC power is stored, it may be referred to as a dc stage or a dc link stage.

The dc stage capacitor C is connected to the output terminal of the converter 410 to smooth the converted DC power output from the converter 410. The DC voltage smoothed from the DC terminal capacitor C may be applied to the power supply 210.

The power supply unit 210 may receive a smoothed DC voltage and output a DC voltage for driving circuits, units, and the like constituting the compressor driving apparatus 100 and / or the air conditioner 200.

More specifically, the power supply unit 210 may be connected to both ends of the dc terminal capacitor C to output the level-changed DC voltage. For example, the level-changed DC voltage may be 5V, 15V, or the like.

In particular, the power supply unit 210 may supply a gate driving voltage (V1 in FIG. 4) to the power module 510 through a gate power terminal (Vcc in FIG. 4) provided in the power module 510 described later. . For example, the gate driving voltage V1 may be 15V.

In addition, the power supply unit 210 may be connected to the main control unit 270 to supply a main control unit driving voltage (V2 in FIG. 4) for driving the main control unit 270. For example, the main controller driving voltage V2 may be 5V.

In addition, the power supply unit 210 may be connected to the inverter control unit 440 to supply an inverter control unit driving voltage (not shown) for driving the inverter control unit 440. For example, the drive voltage (not shown) of the inverter control unit may be 5 V, as with the main control unit 270.

The power supply unit 210 may include an AC-DC converter such as a switched-mode power supply (SMPS) using a high frequency transformer or a non-isolated step-down buck converter.

The dc stage voltage detector B may detect the dc stage voltage Vdc that is both ends of the dc stage capacitor C. To this end, the dc stage voltage detector B may include a resistance element, an amplifier, and the like. The detected dc stage voltage (Vdc) may be input to the inverter control unit 440 as a pulsed discrete signal.

The power module 510 may include an inverter 420 and a gate driver 430.

The inverter 420 includes a plurality of inverter switching elements, and converts the DC power supply (Vdc) smoothed by the on / off operation of the switching element into three-phase AC power (va, vb, vc) of a predetermined frequency, thereby three-phase It can output to the synchronous motor 102b.

In the inverter 420, the upper and lower switching elements Sa, Sb and Sc and the lower and lower switching elements S'a, S'b and S'c are connected in series with each other, and a total of three pairs of upper and lower arms. The switching elements can be connected to each other in parallel (Sa & S'a, Sb & S'b, Sc & S'c). Diodes may be connected in reverse parallel to each of the switching elements Sa, S'a, Sb, S'b, Sc, and S'c.

Specifically, the inverter 420, the upper arm switching elements (Sa, Sb, Sc) and the lower arm switching elements (S'a, S'b, S'c) are connected in series with each other, and a total of three pairs Upper and lower switching elements can be connected to each other in parallel (Sa & S'a, Sb & S'b, Sc & S'c). A diode may be connected in reverse parallel to each of the switching elements Sa, S'a, Sb, S'b, Sc, and S'c.

The plurality of switching elements in the inverter 420 may operate on / off based on the inverter switching control signal Sic from the inverter control unit 440. Thereby, three-phase AC power having a predetermined frequency can be output to the compressor motor 102b.

More specifically, the gate driver 430 may receive power from the power supply unit 210 and supply a gate driving voltage V1 to each of a plurality of switching elements provided inside the inverter 420.

The inverter controller 440 may output the switching control signal Sic to the gate driver 430. At this time, the gate driver 430 may generate the switching signal Si based on the switching control signal Sic. The switching signal Si may include the address of the switching element to which the gate driving voltage V1 is applied, and the gate driving voltage V1.

The gate driver 430 may supply the gate driving voltage V1 to the corresponding switching element based on the switching signal Si.

The inverter 420 may output a three-phase AC power of a predetermined frequency to the compressor motor 102b by turning on and off a plurality of switching elements provided therein based on the switching signal Si.

Meanwhile, the power module 510 including the inverter 420 and the gate driver 430 may be implemented as one single module. For example, the power module 510 may be an intelligent power module (IPM).

Meanwhile, the inverter control unit 440 may control the switching operation of the inverter 420 based on the sensorless method. To this end, the inverter control unit 440 may receive the output current io detected by the output current detection unit E.

 The inverter controller 440 may output an inverter switching control signal Sic to the gate driver 430 in order to control the switching operation of the inverter 420. The inverter switching control signal Sic is a switching control signal of a pulse width modulation method (PWM), and may be generated and output based on the output current io detected by the output current detector E. The detailed operation of the output of the inverter switching control signal Sic in the inverter control unit 440 will be described later with reference to FIG. 3.

The output current detector E can detect the output current io flowing between the compressor motors 102b. That is, the output current detection unit E can detect the current flowing through the compressor motor 102b. The output current detection unit (not shown) may detect all the output currents ia, ib, and ic of each phase, or may also detect the output currents of two phases by using three-phase balance.

The output current detector (not shown) may be located between the inverter 420 and the motor 102b, and for current detection, a CT (current trnasformer), a shunt resistor, or the like can be used.

When a shunt resistor is used, three shunt resistors are located between the inverter 420 and the compressor motor 102b, or the three lower arm switching elements S'a, S'b, S'c of the inverter 420 It is possible that each end is connected to). On the other hand, it is also possible to use two shunt resistors using three-phase equilibrium. On the other hand, if one shunt resistor is used, it is also possible that the shunt resistor is disposed between the above-described dc terminal capacitor (C) and the inverter 420.

The detected output current io may be applied to the inverter control unit 440 as a pulsed discrete signal, and based on the detected output current io, the inverter switching control signal Sic Can be created. On the other hand, in the following, on the other hand, in the present specification, ia, ib, ic, or io can be used interchangeably as the detected output current.

On the other hand, the motor 102b includes a stator and a rotor, and AC power of a predetermined frequency is applied to the coils of the stator of each phase (a, b, c phase), so that the rotor rotates. Can be.

Such a motor 102b may be, for example, a surface-mounted permanent magnet-synchronous motor (SMPMSM), an embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM), and a synchronous reel. And a Synchronous Reluctance Motor (Synrm). Among them, SMPMSM and IPMSM are Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) with permanent magnet applied, and Synrm has no permanent magnet.

The compressor 102 can be compressed by receiving a refrigerant. As the compressor 102, at least one of an inverter compressor and a constant speed compressor may be used. The compressor 102 can be driven by the compressor motor 102b.

On the other hand, the amount of heat exchange of the refrigerant is reduced due to factors such as overload of the compressor driving apparatus 100, an external environment (for example, heat waves, etc.), the pressure of the refrigerant is outside the normal pressure range, and higher than the threshold value on the high pressure side It may become a high pressure abnormal state, which becomes a high pressure state.

The compressor driving apparatus 100 of the present invention can stop driving of the compressor 102 in H / W when the high pressure of the compressor 102 is abnormal. To this end, the compressor driving device 100 may include a pressure switching element 230.

On the other hand, the high-pressure abnormality state below means when the pressure of the refrigerant compressed in the compressor 102 exceeds the normal pressure range and is above the high-pressure-side threshold, and the size of the high-pressure-side threshold is the design of the compressor 102, It can be appropriately set in consideration of capacity and the like.

The pressure switching element 230 may be connected between the power supply unit 210 and the power module 510. The pressure switching element 230 may be turned off when the pressure of the refrigerant compressed in the compressor 102 is greater than or equal to a predetermined pressure. Therefore, the pressure switching element 230 may be referred to as a high pressure pressure switch.

For example, the pressure switching element 230, as a NC (Normal Close) switch, may be turned off when a high pressure abnormality (Hp) of the compressor occurs.

The pressure switching element 230 is installed in the refrigerant pipe, and may operate on and off according to the pressure of the flowing refrigerant.

Alternatively, the pressure switching element 230 may be installed on the discharge portion of the compressor 102 and operate on and off according to the pressure of the refrigerant compressed in the compressor 102.

The pressure switching element 230 is turned off when the pressure of the refrigerant compressed in the compressor 102 is greater than or equal to a predetermined pressure, and the gate driving voltage V1 supplied to the power module 510 through the gate power terminal Vcc Can be blocked.

When the gate driving voltage V1 is not supplied to the power module 510, the gate driving unit 430 cannot turn on the switching element in the inverter 420, so the compressor motor 102b is stopped. Accordingly, the compressor driving apparatus 100 of the present invention, when the high pressure of the compressor 102, stops the compressor motor 102b, it is possible to prevent fire and other accidents due to the explosion of the compressor 102. .

On the other hand, the compressor driving apparatus 100 of the present invention can detect a high pressure abnormal state of the compressor 102 and output an error indication to a predetermined display means. To this end, the compressor driving apparatus 100 may include a pressure sensing unit 250, a main control unit 270, and a display unit 290.

The pressure sensing unit 250 is connected to any node between the power module 510 and the pressure switching element 230 to detect a high-pressure abnormality state according to the on and off operation of the pressure switching element 230. have.

The pressure sensing unit 250 may output a pressure sensing signal according to on and off operations of the pressure switching element 230. For example, the pressure sensing unit 250 may include a photo coupler and output light based on on and off operations of the pressure switching element 230.

The main control unit 270 may control the overall operation of the compressor driving device 100. The main control unit 270 may output a speed command value (ω ^* _{r in} FIG. 3) for driving the compressor 102 to the inverter control unit 440.

In particular, the main control unit 270 may calculate whether the compressor has a high pressure abnormality based on the pressure detection signal output from the pressure sensing unit 250.

The display unit 290 may be connected to the main control unit 270 and output an error when the high pressure of the compressor 102 is abnormal. The display unit 290 may cancel the error display when the high-pressure abnormality state of the compressor 102 is released.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example inside the inverter control unit of FIG. 2.

Referring to the drawings, the inverter control unit 440, the axis conversion unit 310, the speed calculation unit 320, the current command generation unit 330, the voltage command generation unit 340, the axis conversion unit 350, And it may include a switching control signal output unit 360.

The axis conversion unit 310 may receive the three-phase output currents ia, ib, and ic detected by the output current detection unit E and convert them into two-phase currents iα and iβ in the stop coordinate system.

Meanwhile, the axis converter 310 may convert the two-phase currents iα and iβ of the stationary coordinate system into two-phase currents id and iq of the rotary coordinate system.

)와 연산된 속도(

)를 출력할 수 있다.The speed calculating unit 320 is a position calculated based on the two-phase currents iα and iβ of the stationary coordinate system axially changed by the axis converter 310.

) And calculated speed (

).

)와 속도 지령치(ω^* _r)에 기초하여, 전류 지령치(i^* _q)를 생성할 수 있다. 예를 들어, 전류 지령 생성부(330)는, 연산 속도(

)와 속도 지령치(ω^* _r)의 차이에 기초하여, PI 제어기(335)에서 PI 제어를 수행하며, 전류 지령치(i^* _q)를 생성할 수 있다. 도면에서는, 전류 지령치로, q축 전류 지령치(i^* _q)를 예시하나, 도면과 달리, d축 전류 지령치(i^* _d)를 함께 생성하는 것도 가능하다. 한편, d축 전류 지령치(i^* _d)의 값은 0으로 설정될 수도 있다. On the other hand, the current command generation unit 330, the calculation speed (

) And the current command value (i ^* _q ) can be generated based on the speed command value (ω ^* _r ). For example, the current command generation unit 330, the calculation speed (

) And the speed command value (ω ^* _r ), the PI controller 335 performs PI control and generates a current command value (i ^* _q ). In the drawing, as the current command value, the q-axis current command value (i ^* _q ) is illustrated, but unlike the drawing, it is also possible to generate the d-axis current command value (i ^* _d ) together. Meanwhile, the value of the d-axis current command value (i ^* _d ) may be set to 0.

On the other hand, the current command generation unit 330 may further include a limiter (not shown) that limits the level so that the current command value (i ^* _q ) does not exceed the allowable range.

Next, the voltage command generation unit 340, the d-axis, q-axis current (i _d , i _q ) axis-converted in the two-phase rotation coordinate system in the axis conversion unit, the current command value in the current command generation unit 330, etc. Based on i ^* _d , i ^* _q ), the d-axis and q-axis voltage command values (v ^* _d , v ^* _q ) are generated. For example, the voltage command generation unit 340 performs PI control in the PI controller 344 based on the difference between the q-axis current i _q and the q-axis current command value i ^* _q , q The axial voltage setpoint (v ^* _q ) can be generated. In addition, the voltage command generation unit 340 performs PI control in the PI controller 348 based on the difference between the d-axis current i _d and the d-axis current command value i ^* _d , and the d-axis voltage The setpoint (v ^* _d ) can be generated. Meanwhile, the voltage command generation unit 340 may further include a limiter (not shown) that limits the level so that the d-axis and q-axis voltage command values (v ^* _d , v ^* _q ) do not exceed an allowable range. .

Meanwhile, the generated d-axis and q-axis voltage command values (v ^* _d , v ^* _q ) are input to the axis conversion unit 350.

)와, d축, q축 전압 지령치(v^* _d,v^* _q)를 입력받아, 축변환을 수행한다.The axis conversion unit 350, the position calculated by the speed calculation unit 320 (

), D-axis, and q-axis voltage command values (v ^* _d , v ^* _q ) are input and axis conversion is performed.

)가 사용될 수 있다.First, the axis conversion unit 350 performs conversion from a two-phase rotational coordinate system to a two-phase stationary coordinate system. At this time, the position calculated by the speed calculator 320 (

) Can be used.

Then, the axis conversion unit 350 performs conversion from the two-phase stationary coordinate system to the three-phase stationary coordinate system. Through this conversion, the axis conversion unit 1050 outputs a three-phase output voltage command value (v ^* a, v ^* b, v ^* c).

The switching control signal output unit 360 generates a switching control signal (Sic) for the inverter according to the pulse width modulation (PWM) method based on the three-phase output voltage command value (v ^* a, v ^* b, v ^* c) And output.

The output inverter switching control signal Sic may be converted into a gate driving signal by the gate driving unit 430 and input to the gate of each switching element in the inverter 420. Accordingly, each of the switching elements Sa, S'a, Sb, S'b, Sc, and S'c in the inverter 420 performs a switching operation.

4 is an example of an internal circuit diagram of the compressor driving device of FIG. 1.

Referring to the drawings, the compressor driving apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, an inverter 420, a gate driving unit 430, a power supply unit 210, a pressure switching element 230, a pressure sensing unit ( 250) and the main control unit 270.

The inverter 420 includes a plurality of switching elements, and converts DC power into AC power to drive the compressor motor 102b. In this case, the switching element may be an insulated gated bipolar mode transistor (IGBT) or a MOSFET. The switching element may be turned on by the gate driving voltage V1.

When a plurality of switching elements is implemented as an IGBT or MOSFET, a gate driver 430 for outputting a gate driving voltage may be used.

The gate driver 430 may supply the gate driving voltage V1 to each of the plurality of switching elements.

Meanwhile, the inverter 420 and the gate driver 430 may be implemented as one power module 510. For example, the power module 510 may be an IPM.

The power module 510 includes a plurality of switching elements, and supplies gate driving voltages V1 to each of the plurality of switching elements to turn on and off the plurality of switching elements, and turn on and off the plurality of switching elements. By this, it is possible to drive the compressor motor 102b.

The power module 510 receives a switching control signal Sic, an output current io, a gate driving voltage V1, and the like, processes an internal signal, and generates three-phase AC currents (a, b, c-phase), and the like. Can print

The power module 510 may include a gate power supply terminal Vcc to which the gate driving voltage V1 is applied, and a common terminal Com, which is connected to the ground terminal. The power module 510 may further include a PWMIN terminal (not shown) that receives the switching control signal Sic in addition to the gate power terminal Vcc and the common terminal Com. The input / output terminals provided in the power module 510 may be added or deleted according to embodiments.

The power supply unit 210 may supply the first power supply V1 to the power module 510 through the gate power supply terminal Vcc provided in the power module 510 as the gate driving voltage V1. For example, the gate driving voltage V1 may be 15V.

Meanwhile, the main control unit 270 may output the speed command value (ω ^* _r ) to drive the compressor motor 102b at a predetermined number of revolutions to the inverter control unit 440. The speed command value (ω ^* _r ) may be a pulse width (PWM) based signal. For example, the larger the speed command value ω ^* _r output to set the rotational speed of the compressor motor 102b higher, the larger the pulse width of the speed command value ω ^* _r . As another example, the speed command value (ω ^* _r) is low, the more, the pulse width of the speed command value (ω ^* _r) can be made small. At this time, the size of the speed command value (ω ^* _r ) can be output constantly.

The inverter control unit 440 may generate a switching control signal Sic based on the speed command value ω ^* _r and output it to the gate driver 430. The gate driver 430 may output the switching signal Si to the inverter 420 based on the switching control signal Sic. The inverter 420 may perform a switching operation based on the switching signal Si and convert the input DC power supply Vdc to an AC power supply having a predetermined frequency and output the same. Thereby, the compressor motor 102b can be driven.

In particular, in the present embodiment, when a high pressure abnormality occurs in the compressor 102, the pressure switching element 230 is turned off, and the gate driving voltage V1 applied to the power module 510 may be cut off. Accordingly, the operation of the compressor 102 may be stopped.

Specifically, the pressure switching element 230 may be connected between the power module 510 and the power supply unit 210. The pressure switching element 230 may have one end connected to the power supply unit 210 and the other end connected to the gate power terminal Vcc of the power module 510.

The pressure switching element 230 may be turned on or off according to the pressure of the refrigerant compressed in the compressor 102 to supply or block the gate driving voltage V1 to the power module 510.

The pressure switching element 230 is turned off when the pressure of the refrigerant compressed in the compressor 102 is greater than or equal to a predetermined pressure, and the gate driving voltage V1 supplied to the power module 510 through the gate power terminal Vcc ) Can be blocked.

The compressor driving device 100 and / or the air conditioner 200 of the present invention does not cut off the main power applied to the compressor driving device 100 and / or the air conditioner 200, but rather uses a gate driving voltage ( By blocking V1), the compressor 102 is stopped, so that even when the compressor 102 has a high pressure or higher, the main power can be stably supplied to the compressor driving device 100 and / or the air conditioner 200.

In addition, since the compressor driving device 100 and / or the air conditioner 200 does not require a separate relay switch to stop the compressor 102, the manufacturing cost is reduced.

Meanwhile, the compressor driving apparatus 100 of the present invention may further include a filter circuit unit for reducing noise of the gate driving voltage V1 and a stabilizing circuit unit for stabilizing the gate driving voltage V1.

The filter circuit part may include a first capacitor element C1, which is connected in series to the first resistor element R1 and the first resistor element R1. The first resistor element R1 and the first capacitor element C1 are connected in parallel to the pressure switching element 230 to reduce noise of the gate driving voltage V1.

The stabilization circuit portion includes a first Zener diode (Z1), a second capacitor element (C2), and a third capacitor element (C3) connected in parallel between the gate power terminal (Vcc) of the power module 510 and the ground terminal. can do. The stabilization circuit unit may stabilize the gate driving voltage V1 applied to the gate power supply terminal Vcc.

Meanwhile, the pressure sensing unit 250 may detect a high pressure abnormal state of the compressor 102. The pressure sensing unit 250 is connected to any node between the gate power terminal Vcc and the pressure switching element 230 to output a pressure detection signal according to the on and off operation of the pressure switching element 230. have.

To this end, the pressure sensing unit 250 may be a photo coupler. The photo coupler may include a light emitting diode Dp and a light receiving transistor element Tp.

The light emitting diode Dp may be connected between an arbitrary node between the gate power terminal Vcc and the pressure switching element 230 and a ground terminal. The anode of the light emitting diode Dp may be connected to any of the above nodes, and the cathode may be connected to the ground terminal.

According to an embodiment, a second resistor element R2, which is connected in series between the arbitrary node and the light emitting diode Dp, may be further included. When the second resistor element R2 is further included, the gate driving voltage V1 taken into account by the second resistor element R2 may be applied to the light emitting diode Dp.

The light emitting diode Dp may output a pressure sensing signal according to on and off operations of the pressure switching element 230. The light emitting diode Dp may not output an optical signal when the pressure switching element 230 is turned on and may not output an optical signal when the pressure switching element 230 is turned off.

The light receiving transistor element Tp may be connected between the power supply unit 210 and the main control unit 270. The light-receiving transistor element Tp may be turned on or off according to a pressure sensing signal. The light receiving transistor element Tp may be turned on when an optical signal is received, and turned off when an optical signal is not received.

On the other hand, as described above, the pressure sensing unit 250 of the present invention, in order to detect a high pressure abnormality of the compressor 102, does not detect the voltage of the output terminal of the pressure switching element 230, and uses a photo coupler. In order to sense the state of the compressor 102, without using a voltage sensing circuit (for example, OP amp, etc.), when configured as a photo coupler, there is an effect that manufacturing cost is significantly reduced.

Meanwhile, the main control unit 270 may calculate whether the compressor 102 has a high pressure abnormality according to the switching operation of the light receiving transistor element Tp.

The main control unit 270 may calculate that the pressure of the compressor 102 is normal when the light receiving transistor element Tp is turned on and the second power supply V2 is supplied from the power supply unit 210.

Conversely, when the light receiving transistor element Tp is turned off and the second power supply V2 is not supplied from the power supply unit 210, the main control unit 270 may calculate the high pressure or higher of the compressor 102. .

Meanwhile, according to an embodiment, as a pull-down resistor at one end of the light receiving transistor element Tp, a third resistor element R3 may be further included. The main control unit driving voltage V2 may be more stably applied to the main control unit 270 by the third resistor element R3.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram for explaining the operation method of the compressor drive device of FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram for explaining the operation method of the compressor drive device of FIG. 4, and FIG. 7 is referred to the description of FIG. 6 It is a drawing.

More specifically, FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a current path when the pressure of the compressor 102 is normal pressure, and FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a current path when the pressure of the compressor 102 is high pressure or higher. 7 is a diagram for explaining a method of detecting a high pressure abnormality of the main control unit 270.

Referring to the drawings, in FIG. 5, the pressure switching element 230 may be a NC (Normal Close) switch. The pressure switching element 230 may maintain a turn-on state when the pressure of the refrigerant compressed in the compressor 102 is less than a predetermined pressure. At this time, the predetermined pressure may mean a threshold value on the high pressure side.

When the pressure switching element 230 is turned on, the first power source V1 may be supplied to the power module 510 as the gate driving voltage V1. As the pressure switching element 230 is turned on, current may be applied to the power module 510 via the pressure switching element 230. In FIG. 5, a first current path (Path 1) is illustrated.

Meanwhile, the filter circuit unit includes a first resistor element R1 and a first capacitor element C1 connected in series to the first resistor element R1, and the first resistor element R1 and the first capacitor element C1 ) Is connected in parallel to the pressure switching element 230 to filter noise of the first power supply V1.

The stabilization circuit portion includes a first Zener diode (Z1), a second capacitor element (C2), and a third capacitor element (C3) connected in parallel between the gate power terminal (Vcc) of the power module 510 and the ground terminal. And, it is possible to stabilize the first power supply V1 applied to the gate power supply terminal Vcc.

The first power source V1 is applied to the power module 510 through the gate power terminal Vcc and may be used as the gate driving voltage V1.

The power module 510 may include a gate driver 430, and the gate driver 430 may convert the gate driving voltage V1 to the inverter 420 based on the switching control signal Sic of the inverter controller 440. ) It can be supplied to each of a plurality of switching elements provided inside.

Specifically, the main control unit 270 may output a speed command value (ω ^* _{r in} FIG. 3) for driving the compressor 102 to the inverter control unit 440.

The inverter control unit 440 may generate a switching control signal Sic based on the speed command value ω ^* _r and output it to the gate driver 430.

The gate driver 430 may output the switching signal Si to the inverter 420 based on the switching control signal Sic.

The inverter 420 may perform a switching operation based on the switching signal Si and convert the input DC power supply Vdc to an AC power supply having a predetermined frequency and output the same. Thereby, the compressor motor 102b can be driven.

As the compressor motor 102b is driven, the refrigerant in the compressor 102b can be compressed.

On the other hand, when the pressure switching element 230 is turned on, the reduced voltage of the first power source V1 depressurized by the first power source V1 or the second resistance element R2 is applied to the light emitting diode Dp. Can be. The current may flow through the light emitting diode Dp by the decompression voltage of the first power supply V1 or the first power supply V1. In FIG. 5, the second current path (Path 2) is illustrated.

The light emitting diode Dp may output an optical signal according to the reduced voltage of the first power supply V1 or the first power supply V1. At this time, the optical signal may be a pressure sensing signal.

When a light signal is received, the light receiving transistor element Tp may conduct a current. Accordingly, the second power source V2 may be applied to the main control unit 270. In FIG. 5, a third current path (Path 3) is illustrated.

The main control unit 270 may calculate that the pressure of the compressor 102 is the normal pressure when the second power supply V2 is supplied from the power supply unit 210. For example, in FIG. 7, the main control unit 270 may calculate that the compressor 102 is in a normal state when a voltage higher than a predetermined level is applied.

In FIG. 6, the pressure switching element 230 may be turned off when the pressure of the refrigerant compressed in the compressor 102 is greater than or equal to a predetermined pressure. Likewise, the predetermined pressure may be a threshold value on the high pressure side.

When the pressure switching element 230 is turned off, the first power source V1 cannot be supplied to the power module as the gate driving voltage V1. In FIG. 6, a fourth current path (Path 4) is illustrated.

In addition, the gate driver 430 in the power module 510 cannot transmit the gate driving voltage V1 to the switching element provided in the inverter 420. Accordingly, the plurality of switching elements provided in the inverter 420 may all be turned off.

As a result, the inverter 420 cannot output the three-phase AC power of a predetermined frequency, and the compressor motor 102b is stopped.

Accordingly, the compressor driving apparatus 100 of the present invention, when the compressor 102 is at a high pressure or higher than a predetermined pressure, the operation is quickly stopped to prevent fire and other accidents due to the explosion of the compressor 102. You can.

On the other hand, when the pressure switching element 230 is turned off, unlike in FIG. 5, the reduced voltage of the first power source V1 depressurized by the first power source V1 or the second resistance element R2 is a light emitting diode. (Dp).

Since the reduced voltage of the first power source V1 or the first power source V1 is not applied to the light emitting diode Dp, the light emitting diode Dp cannot output an optical signal.

The light receiving transistor element Tp may prevent the second power supply V2 from being transmitted to the main control unit 270 when the optical signal is not received.

When the light receiving transistor Tp is turned off and the second power supply V2 is not supplied from the power supply unit 210, the main control unit 270 may calculate the high pressure or higher of the compressor 102. For example, in FIG. 7, the main control unit 270 may calculate that the compressor 102 is in a high voltage abnormal state when the second power supply V2 is not supplied or a voltage below a predetermined level is applied. .

On the other hand, the compressor driving device 100 of the present invention does not cut off the commercial AC power or the main power applied to the compressor driving device 100, even in the case of a high pressure or higher of the compressor 102. When a high pressure error occurs, an error may be displayed through the display unit 290.

Specifically, the main control unit 270 may display an error by controlling the display unit 290 when the compressor 102 is operated at a high pressure or higher. Accordingly, it is possible to inform the user that a service is required.

On the other hand, when the compressor driving device 100 is released under a high pressure abnormal state, the process of FIG. 5 may be performed again. That is, the main control unit 270 may receive the second power through the third current path 3 in FIG. 5.

The main control unit 270 may cancel the error display of the display unit 290 when the second power supply V2 is supplied from the power supply unit 210 while displaying an error.

In addition, the main control unit 270 may output the speed command value (ω ^* _r ) to the inverter control unit 440.

The inverter control unit 440 may generate a switching control signal Sic for operation of a plurality of switching elements based on the speed command value (ω ^* _r ), and output it to the inverter 420.

8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The air conditioner 200 according to the present invention may include an indoor unit 21 and an outdoor unit 31 connected to the indoor unit 21, as shown in FIG. 8.

The indoor unit 21 of the air conditioner may be any one of a stand type air conditioner, a wall-mounted air conditioner, and a ceiling type air conditioner, but the drawing illustrates a stand type indoor unit 21.

Meanwhile, the air conditioner 200 may further include at least one of a ventilation device, an air cleaning device, a humidifying device, and a heater, and may operate in conjunction with the operation of the indoor unit and the outdoor unit.

The outdoor unit 31 is a compressor (not shown) that receives and compresses refrigerant, an outdoor heat exchanger (not shown) that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and outdoor air, and an accumulator (not shown) that extracts gas refrigerant from the supplied refrigerant and supplies it to the compressor. City), and a four-way valve (not shown) for selecting a flow path of the refrigerant according to the heating operation. In addition, a plurality of sensors, valves, and an oil recovery unit are further included, but a description of the configuration will be omitted below.

The outdoor unit 31 supplies a refrigerant to the indoor unit 21 by compressing or heat-exchanging the refrigerant according to the setting by operating the provided compressor and the outdoor heat exchanger. The outdoor unit 31 may be driven by a remote controller (not shown) or a demand of the indoor unit 21. At this time, as the cooling / heating capacity is changed corresponding to the driven indoor unit, it is possible that the number of operation of the outdoor unit and the number of operation of the compressor installed in the outdoor unit are variable.

At this time, the outdoor unit 31 supplies compressed refrigerant to the connected indoor unit 21.

The indoor unit (21) receives refrigerant from the outdoor unit (31) and discharges cold and warm air into the room. The indoor unit 21 includes an indoor heat exchanger (not shown), an indoor fan (not shown), an expansion valve (not shown) in which the supplied refrigerant is expanded, and a plurality of sensors (not shown).

At this time, the outdoor unit 31 and the indoor unit 21 are connected by a communication line to transmit and receive mutual data, and the outdoor unit and the indoor unit are connected to a remote controller (not shown) or wired or wirelessly to operate under the control of a remote controller (not shown). can do.

The remote control (not shown) is connected to the indoor unit 21, inputs a user's control command to the indoor unit, and receives and displays status information of the indoor unit. At this time, the remote control may communicate with wired or wireless depending on the type of connection with the indoor unit.

9 is a schematic diagram of the outdoor unit and the indoor unit of FIG. 8.

Referring to the drawings, the air conditioner 200 is largely divided into an indoor unit 21 and an outdoor unit 31.

The outdoor unit 31 includes a compressor 102b serving to compress the refrigerant, an electric motor 102b for driving the compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger 104 serving to dissipate the compressed refrigerant, and outdoor An outdoor blower 105 made of an outdoor fan 105a disposed on one side of the heat exchanger to promote heat dissipation of the refrigerant and an electric motor 105b rotating the outdoor fan 105a, and an expansion mechanism 106 for expanding condensed refrigerant ), A cooling / heating switching valve 110 for changing the flow path of the compressed refrigerant, an accumulator 103 for storing the vaporized refrigerant for a while to remove moisture and foreign substances, and supplying the refrigerant at a constant pressure to the compressor. do.

The indoor unit 21 is disposed indoors to perform an air conditioning / heating function, and an indoor fan 109a that is disposed on one side of the indoor heat exchanger 108 to promote heat dissipation of the refrigerant and the indoor unit. And an indoor blower 109 made of an electric motor 109b for rotating the fan 109a.

At least one indoor heat exchanger 108 may be installed. The compressor 102 may be at least one of an inverter compressor and a constant speed compressor.

In addition, the air conditioner 200 may be configured with a cooler that cools the room, or a heat pump that cools or heats the room.

The compressor 102 in the outdoor unit 31 of FIG. 8 may be driven by the compressor driving device 100, such as FIG. 1, which drives the compressor motor 102b.

Specifically, in FIG. 6, the pressure switching element 230 may be turned off when the compressor 102 is in a high pressure abnormal state. When the pressure switching element 230 is turned off, the first power source V1 cannot be supplied to the power module as the gate driving voltage V1. Therefore, the compressor motor 102b can be stopped.

The pressure sensing unit 250 may detect a high pressure abnormal state of the compressor 102. The pressure sensing unit 250 may output a pressure sensing signal to the main control unit 270.

The main control unit 270 may calculate whether the compressor 102 has a high pressure abnormality based on the pressure detection signal. The main control unit 270 may display error information on the display unit 290 provided in the indoor unit 21.

On the other hand, when the high pressure abnormality state is released, the pressure switching element 230 may be turned on. The main control unit 270 may initialize the display of the display unit 290 and restart the compressor motor 102b when the high pressure abnormal state is released.

The accompanying drawings are only for easy understanding of the embodiments disclosed in the present specification, and the technical spirit disclosed in the specification is not limited by the accompanying drawings, and all changes and equivalents included in the spirit and technical scope of the present invention It should be understood to include water to substitutes.

Likewise, although the operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, it should not be understood that such operations should be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all shown actions should be performed in order to obtain desirable results. . In certain cases, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous.

In addition, although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and the technical field to which the present invention belongs without departing from the gist of the present invention claimed in the claims. In addition, various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art, and these modifications should not be individually understood from the technical idea or prospect of the present invention.

102: compressor
102b: compressor motor
210: power supply
230: pressure switching element
270: main control
290: display
420: inverter
430: gate driver
440: inverter control
510: power module

Claims (10)

A converter that rectifies and outputs input AC power;
A dc stage capacitor storing the output power of the converter;
A power module having a plurality of switching elements and driving a compressor motor by turning on and off the plurality of switching elements;
A power supply unit converting voltages at both ends of the dc terminal capacitor into a first DC voltage and supplying the voltage to the power module; And
It includes a pressure switching element connected between the power module and the power supply, and turned on and off according to the pressure of the refrigerant compressed in the compressor.
The power module,
An inverter having the plurality of switching elements, converting DC power stored in the DC terminal capacitor into AC power, and outputting the DC power to the compressor motor; And
Through the pressure switching element, the first DC voltage is supplied from the power supply unit, and the first DC voltage is supplied as a gate driving voltage to each of the plurality of switching elements to control the switching operation of the plurality of switching elements It includes a gate driver,
The pressure switching element,
When the pressure of the refrigerant is less than a predetermined criterion, the first DC voltage is turned on so as to be transmitted to the gate driver,
When the pressure of the refrigerant is greater than or equal to the predetermined standard, the compressor driving apparatus characterized in that it is turned off so that the supply of the first DC voltage to the gate driver is cut off. delete According to claim 1,
Further included in the inverter control unit for operating the plurality of switching elements, provided in the inverter, outputs a switching control signal to the gate driving unit;
The gate driver,
Compressor driving apparatus, characterized in that for supplying the gate driving voltage to the plurality of switching elements based on the switching control signal. delete According to claim 1,
A pressure sensing unit connected to an arbitrary node between the power module and the pressure switching device to output a pressure sensing signal according to on and off operations of the pressure switching device; And
And a main control unit that calculates whether the compressor is at a high pressure or higher based on the pressure detection signal. The method of claim 5,
The pressure sensing unit,
A photo coupler including a light emitting diode and a light receiving transistor is provided,
The light emitting diode,
It is connected between the arbitrary node and the ground terminal, and outputs the pressure sensing signal according to on and off operations of the pressure switching element,
The light receiving transistor,
Compressor drive device characterized in that it is connected between the power supply and the main control, it is turned on and off according to the pressure detection signal. The method of claim 6,
The main control unit,
When the light receiving transistor is turned off, and the second DC voltage is not supplied from the power supply unit, the compressor driving apparatus characterized in that it calculates above the high pressure of the compressor. The method of claim 7,
Further comprising a display unit for outputting an error when the high pressure of the compressor is abnormal,
The main control unit,
When the compressor is operated at a high pressure or higher, an error is displayed by controlling the display unit, displaying an error, and when the second DC voltage is supplied from the power supply unit while displaying the error. The compressor driving device is characterized in that it releases and outputs a speed command value signal to the inverter control unit. The method of claim 8,
The inverter control unit,
And a switching control signal for the operation of the plurality of switching elements based on the speed command value signal. An air conditioner comprising the compressor driving device of any one of claims 1, 3, and 5 to 9.

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