KR102096710B1 - Apparatus of adjusting valve timing for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a valve timing adjustment device for an internal combustion engine. The present invention is coupled to a ratchet plate that interlocks with a crankshaft, and has a housing having an interior space; and a rotor having a plurality of vanes that are installed in the interior space of the housing and rotate relative to the camshaft; In the valve timing adjustment device of the internal combustion engine comprising a; locking pin that is mounted to the vane and is coupled to a locking groove formed in the ratchet plate to regulate the relative rotation of the rotor with respect to the housing, wherein at least one of the vanes has a pair of locking pins. It is spaced apart, and a locking groove is formed to correspond to a pair to accommodate a pair of locking pins, and an oil passage is formed inside the locking pin. According to the present invention, the pair of locking pins are quickly and smoothly coupled to the pair of locking grooves by the torque of the camshaft to secure the reliability of the self-locking operation, thereby improving and miniaturizing the engine performance.

Description

Valve timing adjustment device for internal combustion engines {APPARATUS OF ADJUSTING VALVE TIMING FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE}

The present invention relates to a valve timing adjustment device for an internal combustion engine, and more particularly, to a valve timing adjustment device for an internal combustion engine capable of increasing the operating speed of a locking pin and improving the reliability of the locking operation.

In the internal combustion engine (hereinafter referred to as "engine"), a valve timing adjustment device that can change the timing of the intake valve or exhaust valve according to the operating state of the engine is used. The valve timing adjustment device usually adjusts the timing of the intake valve or the exhaust valve by connecting the crankshaft with a timing belt or chain to change the phase angle according to the displacement or rotation of the rotating camshaft.

In general, as the valve timing adjustment device, a vane type valve timing adjustment device including a rotor having a plurality of vanes freely rotated by a working fluid inside the housing is frequently used.

The vane-type valve timing adjustment device provides hydraulic pressure of the working fluid to the crankshaft through an advance angle chamber or a late stage chamber between the full advance phase angle (最遲 角) and the full retard phase angle (最遲 角). The valve timing is adjusted by using the difference in rotational phase generated by rotating the rotor relative to the advancing or retarding direction via a vane. In case of emergency or engine stop, the rotor is fixed at a specific position by means of a locking pin. The cam shaft is synchronously rotated with the crankshaft by locking.

 The locking method of the locking pin adopts a ratchet using positive torque or negative torque generated from the cam shaft, and the driving method of the ratchet can be divided into a hydraulic ratchet and a mechanical ratchet.

Here, the mechanical ratchet adjusts the valve timing by using the difference in rotational phase while the rotor rotates freely in the advancing or retarding direction relative to the housing in the most advancing or retarding position of the rotor or in the range between them, while the cam shaft The cam shaft is interlocked with the crankshaft by fixing the rotor by coupling (locking) the locking pin to the locking groove using positive torque or negative torque transmitted through.

In the conventional valve timing adjustment device using the mechanical ratchet as described above, a rotor having 3 to 5 vanes is coupled to a cylindrical housing to be rotatable. Here, one or two vanes are provided with locking pins, respectively, which are sequentially moved by positive torque or negative torque to be coupled to the locking groove, and when hydraulic pressure is applied, the locking pin is released from the locking groove and the rotor rotates freely relative Adjust valve timing.

However, in the rotor adopted in the conventional valve timing adjustment device, one locking pin is coupled to the vane, and when the rotor is positioned at an advanced position, the locking pin is coupled to the locking groove at one time by a large positive torque. In the case of being positioned in the latent position, the locking pin is sequentially moved through steps 3 to 4 by negative torque.

At this time, since the negative torque coupled to the locking groove is a relatively small value, the locking operation speed of moving the locking pin is slow and not smooth. Especially, when the locking pin rubs or collides with peripheral components, the locking pin is correctly inserted into the locking groove. There was a problem in that the locking operation was incomplete.

In addition, a structure in which two locking pins are arranged to operate in opposite directions to each other in the vane has been proposed, but there is a drawback in that the configuration and operation are complicated.

 Therefore, considering the space limitation of the engine room, it is required to develop a valve timing adjustment device that can secure the reliability of the locking operation by quickly and smoothly performing the locking operation of the locking pin without increasing the size of the valve timing device. Is becoming.

Accordingly, the present invention was invented in view of the above problems, and the object of the present invention is to improve the performance of the engine by securing the reliability of the locking operation by quickly and smoothly performing the locking operation of the locking pin, and miniaturization. It is possible to provide a valve timing adjustment device for an internal combustion engine.

Valve timing adjustment device of the internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object, the housing having an internal space while being coupled with a ratchet plate interlocking with the crankshaft; And while interlocking with the cam shaft of the housing A rotor installed in the interior space and having a plurality of vanes that rotate relative to each other; And a locking pin mounted on the vane and coupled to a locking groove formed in the ratchet plate to regulate the relative rotation of the rotor with respect to the housing, wherein the locking pin comprises at least one of the vanes. A pair is spaced apart from each other, and the locking grooves are spaced apart in pairs to accommodate the pair of locking pins, and an oil passage is formed inside the locking pin.

In the locking groove of the present invention, a large diameter large diameter groove and a small diameter small diameter groove may be formed to communicate at a predetermined depth.

Here, the locking pin has a cylindrical shape, and a flange having a groove is formed at one end, and a spring that provides an elastic force to the locking pin may be installed in the groove.

The present invention may further include a retainer that maintains the operating position of the spring and guides the stretching operation.

 The spring of the present invention is a coil spring, and a protrusion formed in the center of the retainer may be formed to enter the inside of the spring.

Meanwhile, the oil passage may include a horizontal passage communicating with the flow passage of the spool valve and a vertical passage extending perpendicular to the horizontal passage while extending in the longitudinal direction of the locking pin.

An inclined surface for reducing the flow resistance of oil may be formed at the tip of the vertical passage of the locking pin of the present invention.

In addition, a pair of locking pins of the present invention are installed spaced apart in the radial or circumferential direction of the rotor, and a pair of locking grooves may also be formed correspondingly spaced apart.

Further, the locking pin may be formed of a double structure including a hollow and large diameter outer pin and an inner pin elastically installed inside the outer pin.

Meanwhile, according to another aspect of the present invention, a ratchet plate having an internal space while interlocking with a crankshaft; and a housing interlocking with a camshaft; A rotor installed in the interior space of the housing and having a plurality of vanes that rotate relative to each other; A pair of locking grooves spaced apart from one vane of the rotor; And a pair of locking pins resiliently supported by springs to be coupled to the locking grooves formed in the vanes to regulate the relative rotation of the rotor with respect to the housing, wherein the inside of the locking pins includes a horizontal passage communicating with the flow path of the spool valve. It may be characterized in that the vertical passage extending in the longitudinal direction of the locking pin while communicating with the horizontal passage at a right angle.

The present invention configured as described above, the pair of locking pins are quickly and smoothly coupled to the pair of locking grooves by the torque of the camshaft to secure the reliability of the locking operation so that the engine performance can be improved and miniaturized. do.

The invention will be more clearly understood with reference to the accompanying drawings:
1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a valve timing adjustment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of part A of FIG. 1, (a) is a state in which the oil is supplied and the locking pin is released, and (b) is a state in which the oil is discharged and the locking pin is coupled.
Figure 3 (a)-3 (c) is a partial perspective view sequentially showing the operation of the locking pin located at the most perceptual position coupled to the locking groove by the negative torque according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 (a) -5 (b) is a partial perspective view showing an operation in which the locking pin positioned at the most advanced position is coupled to the locking groove by positive torque according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a cross-sectional view of a locking pin according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, an apparatus for adjusting valve timing of an internal combustion engine according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In describing the present invention, the same components have the same reference numerals in different drawings.

1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a valve timing adjustment device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the valve timing adjusting device 100 is formed with a valve body 2 connected to a camshaft 1 of an internal combustion engine, and a crankshaft 3 and an outer circumference of the valve body 2 are illustrated. A sprocket 4 connected to an unchained or timing belt is rotatably coupled, and a disk-shaped ratchet plate 5 is coupled adjacent to the sprocket 4.

Inside the valve body 2 interlocking with the cam shaft 1, a spool 6 having a plurality of oil grooves 6a formed on its outer circumferential surface is elastically installed, and the spool 6 is formed on the valve body 2 A solenoid valve (7) is provided to switch the flow of oil while selectively communicating with the plurality of oil ports (2a).

On the other hand, the valve body (2) has a cylindrical housing (8), while interlocking with the cam shaft (1), the rotor (9) coupled to be rotatable in the interior space of the housing (8), and the ratchet The cover plate 10 covering the housing 8 on the opposite side of the plate 5 is coupled.

The rotor 9 may include a plurality of vanes 11 that are rotatably installed while the outer circumferential surface maintains sealing with the inner circumferential surface of the housing 8.

A pair of locking pins 20 on at least one of the vanes 11, that is, the inner locking pins 20A adjacent to the valve body 2, and the inner locking pins 20A in the radial direction of the rotor 9 Outside of the outer locking pin (20B) is spaced apart and installed in each of the pair of mounting holes (11a, 11b) of the vane (11).

However, since the inner and outer locking pins 20A and 20B have the same configuration, it will be described below with reference to the inner locking pin 20A for convenience of explanation.

As shown in detail in Figure 2, the locking pin 20 has a cylindrical shape, a flange 22 having a groove 21 at one end is formed, the groove 21 has an elastic force to the locking pin 20 The imparting spring 23 may be installed.

Mounting holes 11a and 11b of the vane 11 may further include a retainer 24 that guides the expansion and contraction operation while supporting the spring 23 while closing one end.

 The spring 23 is a coil spring, and a protrusion 24a is formed at the center of the retainer 24 to enter the interior of the spring 23 to maintain and guide the operating position of the spring 23.

On the other hand, in the mounting holes (11a, 11b) of the vane 11, a vane flow path (11c) in the horizontal direction is formed for the outflow passage of oil to operate the locking pin (20), and the vane flow path (11c) in the horizontal direction ) Is in communication with the body flow path 2b connected to one of the plurality of oil ports 2a of the valve body 2.

An oil passage 25 selectively communicating with the vane flow path 11c may be formed inside one end of the locking pin 20. The oil passage 25 is provided with a horizontal passage 25a communicating with the vane passage 11c and a vertical passage 25b extending in the longitudinal direction of the locking pin 20 while communicating at a right angle with the horizontal passage 25a. It can contain.

An inclined surface 26 that reduces the flow resistance of the oil may be formed at the front end of the vertical passage 25b.

Meanwhile, the ratchet plate 5 has a pair of locking grooves 30 having the same configuration so that the locking pins 20 are engaged with each other and locked or unlocked at positions corresponding to the locking pins 20. That is, the inner and outer locking grooves (30A, 30B) can be formed respectively.

Here, since the inner and outer locking grooves 30A and 30B have the same configuration, description will be made based on the inner locking groove 30A to which the inner locking pin 20A engages for convenience of explanation.

The locking groove 30, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, has an elliptical shape and a deep diameter groove having a shallow depth and a small diameter groove having a deep circular shape while communicating with the large diameter groove 31 (( 32).

 At one end of the valve body 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention, a bias spring 40 for applying a pressing force to the cam shaft 1 is elastically installed on the guide plate 41 on the outside of the ratchet plate 5. You can.

The following describes the operation of the valve timing device according to an embodiment of the present invention configured as described above.

The valve timing adjusting device 100 of the present invention is an intermediate phase type valve timing adjusting device in which the vane 11 is locked at an almost intermediate position between the longest and the longest positions.

When the engine is operating normally, the rotor 9 freely rotates in the advancing or retarding direction in the interior space of the housing 8 to adjust the valve timing of the intake valve or exhaust valve.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 (a), when oil is supplied to the vane flow path 11c in the horizontal direction through the body flow path 2b connected to the oil port 2a of the valve body 2, Oil flows through the horizontal passage 25a and the vertical passage 25b of the oil passage 25 formed inside the locking pin 20. Therefore, the pressure of the oil is applied to the upper end of the locking pin 20 inserted into the small groove 32 of the step 22a of the flange 22 and the locking groove 30, while overcoming the elastic force of the spring 23 The locking pin 20 is lowered so as to deviate from the locking groove 30.

Therefore, the rotor (9) mediates the camshaft (1) while being freely rotated and controlled in the advancing or retarding direction relative to the housing (8) in response to the torque transmitted from the camshaft (1) in the interior space of the housing (8). The valve timing of the intake valve or exhaust valve can be adjusted.

Here, the operation in the upward direction of FIG. 2 is referred to as 'rising', and the operation in the downward direction is referred to as 'falling' for convenience of operation description of the locking pin 20.

On the other hand, when an emergency occurs during the operation of the engine, the locking pin 20 must be self-locking without any control, to prevent the relative rotation of the rotor 9 with respect to the housing 8.

That is, as shown in Figures 1 and 2 (b), as the rotor 9 rotates, the locking pin 20 moves and is located on the same line as the locking groove 30, so that the spring 23 is As the locking pin 20 which was receiving the upward force by the elastic force rises, it passes through the large-diameter groove 32 of the locking groove 30 and is inserted into the small-diameter groove 32. Therefore, the oil filled in the small-diameter groove 32 flows sequentially through the vertical passage 25b and the horizontal passage 25a of the locking pin 20, and then passes through the vane passage 11c to flow passage 2b of the body 2 Is discharged through. Accordingly, the locking pin 20 is fixed to the rotor 9 with respect to the housing 8 in a state of being coupled (locked) to the locking groove 30 by the elastic force of the spring 23, so that the cam shaft 1 is It is to interlock with the crankshaft (3).

Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4, the locking operation of the locking pin 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail by dividing into a case of using positive torque or negative torque.

First, it will be described that the vanes 11 are self-locked by sequentially moving in the advancing direction as a negative torque is applied in a state where the vanes are deflected to the perception position.

2 (a) and 3 (a) show a state in which oil flows into the mounting holes 11a and 11b and the locking groove 30 through the vane flow path 11c formed in the vane 11. In this state, as shown in Fig. 3 (a), the locking pin 20 is in a state of being lowered as much as possible relative to the retainer 24 while compressing the spring 23 by the pressure of oil. At this time, the upper end of the locking pin 20 is in a state in close contact with the surface of the ratchet plate 5. Therefore, the rotor 9 freely rotates relative to the advancing or retarding direction to adjust the valve timing using the difference in the rotational phase.

However, in the state of FIG. 3 (a), when the negative torque is transmitted to the vane 11 through the rotor 9 through the cam shaft 1, the vane 11 rotates in the advance direction (clockwise) at a predetermined angle, It becomes the state of FIG. 3 (b). That is, as the rotor 9 rotates, when the locking pin 20, which was receiving an upward force due to the elastic force of the spring 23, is located on the same straight line as the small-diameter groove 32, the locking pin 20 spring ( It rises by the elastic force of 23) and is inserted into the large diameter groove 31, and its upper end is hung on one wall surface of the large diameter groove 31.

Subsequently, when an additional negative torque is applied to the vane 11 via the rotor 9 through the cam shaft 1, the state shown in FIG. 3 (c) is achieved. That is, the locking pin 20 is further raised upward by the elastic force of the spring 23 and inserted into the small-diameter groove 32 so that its upper end is hung on the side of the small-diameter groove 32 and the bottom of the small-diameter groove 32 Is in close contact with. Accordingly, the vane 11 is in a locked state that cannot be moved in any direction of the perception direction and the advancing direction, the rotor 9 is prevented from rotating relative to the housing 8, and the cam shaft 1 is a crankshaft. (3).

Next, with reference to FIG. 4, it will be described that the vane 11 is self-locked using a positive torque in a position that is deflected and positioned at an advance position in the space of the housing 8.

First, FIGS. 2 (a) and 4 (a) show a state in which oil flows into the mounting holes 11a, 11b and the locking groove 30 through the vane flow path 11c formed in the vane 11.

As shown in Fig. 4 (a), the locking pin 20 is in a state of being lowered as much as possible relative to the retainer 24 while compressing the spring 23 by the pressure of oil. At this time, the upper end of the locking pin 20 is in a state in close contact with the surface of the ratchet plate 5. Therefore, the rotor 9 freely rotates relative to the advancing or retarding direction to adjust the valve timing using the difference in the rotational phase.

If the positive torque is transmitted through the cam shaft 1 in the state of FIG. 4 (a) to the vane 11 through the rotor 9, the state of FIG. 4 (b) is reached. When the vane 11 is rotated in a perceptual direction (counterclockwise) at a predetermined angle, the state is shown in Fig. 4 (b). That is, since the positive torque is larger than the negative torque, the rotation amount of the rotor 9 is large, so that the locking pin 20 is coupled to the locking groove 30 at one time, thereby performing a self-locking operation.

That is, as the rotor 9 rotates, when the locking pin 20, which was receiving an upward force by the elastic force of the spring 23, is positioned in line with the large diameter groove 31 and the small diameter groove 32, the locking pin The upper end portion of the (20) enters the small diameter groove (32) and is in close contact with the bottom of the small diameter groove (32). Accordingly, the vane 11 is in a locked state that cannot be moved in any direction of the perception direction and the advancing direction.

At this time, the oil filled in the mounting holes 11a and 11b of the locking groove 30 and the vane 11 including the large diameter groove 31 and the small diameter groove 32, the vertical passage 25b of the locking pin 20 and It is discharged through the passage 2b of the body 2 through the vane passage 11c through the horizontal passage 25a. Therefore, the locking pin 20 is locked to the locking groove 30 so that the rotor 9 is prevented from rotating relative to the housing 8 and the cam shaft 1 is interlocked with the crankshaft 3.

The above description is intended to describe one preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that various changes and modifications are possible within the scope of the present invention.

For example, although one vane 11 having a locking pin 20 is described in one embodiment of the present invention, two vanes 11 may each be provided with a pair of locking pins 20 of the same structure. have.

  In addition, in one embodiment of the present invention, the pair of locking pins 20 is described as being spaced apart from the vane 11 in the radial direction of the rotor 9, but as a modified example, spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the rotor 9 to be installed. Correspondingly, a pair of locking grooves 30 may also be installed spaced apart in the radial or circumferential direction of the rotor 9.

  In addition, the locking pin 50 according to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, the outer pin 53 in the form of a hollow cylinder resiliently installed between the retainers 52 via the outer spring 51 And while being slidably coupled to the inner space of the outer pin 53, it can also be configured as a locking pin of a dual structure including an inner pin 55 resiliently installed between the retainer 52 via the inner spring 54. .

On the other hand, in one embodiment of the present invention, the locking pin 20 has been described with a structure coupled to the locking groove 30 formed in the ratchet plate 5, on the contrary, the locking groove is formed in the rotor 9 and the ratchet plate (5) It may be designed with a configuration in which a locking pin is mounted.

2: Valve body 5: Ratchet plate
8: Housing 9: Rotor
10: cover plate 11: vane
20: locking pin 30: locking groove
31: Daekyung Home 32: Small Home

Claims (10)

A housing having an inner space coupled with a ratchet plate interlocking with a crankshaft; and a rotor having a plurality of vanes that are installed in the inner space of the housing while interlocking with a camshaft to rotate relative to each other; In the valve timing adjustment device of the internal combustion engine comprising a; locking pin is coupled to or released from the locking groove to be mounted on the vane to regulate the relative rotation of the rotor relative to the housing
The locking pins are inserted into and installed in a pair of mounting holes in which a pair of the same configuration is spaced apart from at least one of the vanes,
The locking groove is a pair of the same configuration is spaced apart from the ratchet plate to accommodate each of the pair of locking pins,
In the mounting hole of the vane, a vane flow path in the horizontal direction is formed to flow in and out of oil,
An oil passage communicating with the vane flow path is formed inside the locking pin,
The oil passage of the locking pin includes a horizontal passage selectively communicating with the vane passage, and a vertical passage extending perpendicularly to the horizontal passage while communicating at right angles to the horizontal passage, and oil for the operation of the locking pin flows in and out. To be able to
Valve timing adjustment device of the internal combustion engine, characterized in that the inclined surface for reducing the flow resistance of the oil is formed at the tip of the vertical passage of the locking pin.
According to claim 1,
The locking groove is an elliptical shape and a shallow depth deep groove, and a circular shape and a deep depth deep groove formed in communication with the large diameter groove valve timing adjustment device of the internal combustion engine. According to claim 1,
The locking pin has a cylindrical shape, a flange having a groove at one end is formed, and the valve timing adjustment device for an internal combustion engine having a spring that provides an elastic force to the locking pin is provided in the groove. According to claim 3,
Valve mounting adjustment device of the internal combustion engine further comprises a retainer to guide the expansion and contraction operation while maintaining the operating position of the spring while closing one end to the mounting hole of the vane. According to claim 4,
The spring is a coil spring, and the valve timing adjustment device of the internal combustion engine guides the protrusion formed in the center of the retainer to enter the interior of the spring to maintain and guide the operating position of the spring. According to claim 1,
A valve timing adjustment device for an internal combustion engine in communication with a flow path of a spool valve, in a horizontal passage of the oil passage formed on the locking pin. delete According to claim 2,
The pair of locking pins are installed spaced apart in the radial or circumferential direction of the rotor, and the pair of locking grooves are also spaced apart correspondingly to the valve timing adjustment device of the internal combustion engine. According to claim 1,
The locking pin is hollow and has a large diameter outer pin and a valve timing adjustment device for an internal combustion engine formed of a double structure including an inner pin elastically installed inside the outer pin. delete

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