KR102085141B1 - Blockchain based hems for power trading - Google Patents

Abstract

The HEMS system for blockchain-based power trading of the present invention installs a home energy management system (HEMS) in each of prosumers' homes and performs a blockchain algorithm therein to perform power transactions between neighbors in the energy prosumer market. It is a technical feature to provide a blockchain-based HEMS unit that executes power data exchange, surplus power sales, fraudulent trade off, and progressive avoidance transactions between the prosumers based on a blockchain.

Description

Blockchain based HEMS system {BLOCKCHAIN BASED HEMS FOR POWER TRADING}

The present invention relates to an HEMS system for blockchain-based power trading, and more particularly, to install a home energy management system (HEMS) in each of prosumers' homes to perform power transactions between neighbors in the energy prosumer market, Equipped with a chain algorithm, HEMS system for blockchain-based power trading, which provides a blockchain-based HEMS unit that executes power data exchange, surplus power sales, false sale blocking, and progressive avoidance trading between the prosumers on a blockchain basis. It is about.

In general, the power market may be classified into a power generation company that sells electric power, a sales company that purchases electric power, and a consumer. In Korea, power generation companies and sales companies can trade power only through the power market, and KEPCO (Korea Electric Power Corporation) is responsible for supplying power to end consumers.

The power generation of the power plant is purchased from KEPCO at a price determined by the power market, and supplied to consumers. According to this proprietary power sales structure, power trading between consumers was not possible, so individual power could not be supplied or sold under differential conditions. As energy generation becomes possible, small- and medium-sized power generation companies are appearing, and the monopoly power sales structure by KEPCO is changing.

In addition, with the introduction of smart grids incorporating information and communication technologies into electric power trading systems, consumers can purchase electric power from multiple electric power sellers, and consumers can directly select electric power sellers.

On the other hand, the introduction of a smart grid bidding method was introduced with the introduction of the smart grid, but conventionally only the way in which consumers buy power at the lowest price was developed.

However, the diversification of power sellers may cause a problem that consumers may purchase power cheaper, but the sales reliability of the power sellers may be lowered.

That is, as various small and medium-sized power sellers appear, deviations occur in the power supply capability of each power seller.

Consumers may purchase power at the lowest price in the power market, but there may be a problem in which there is no or insufficient amount of surplus power to sell to the successful bidder.

In addition, when trading with neighbors, the seller must be able to trust the capacity of surplus power available for sale by a third party, and the buyer must also be able to trust the required power capacity.

If a malicious user alters the transaction volume by tampering with the trading capacity, the neighboring power trading market may be disturbed or distorted, resulting in lower transaction success rate and reliability of the system.

In addition, if more than half (51%) of HEMS (Home Energy Management System) of the neighboring nodes are seized by malicious hackers, there is a risk of forgery and it is impossible to continuously detect the forgery. May occur.

Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1757802

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to install a home energy management system (HEMS) in each of the prosumer's premises, and to install a blockchain algorithm in the inside of the prosumer to carry out power transactions between neighbors in the energy prosumer market, The present invention provides a blockchain-based HEMS system for providing a blockchain-based HEMS for executing power data interchange, surplus power sales, blocking false trades, and progressive avoidance transactions.

The HEMS system for blockchain-based power trading according to the present invention for achieving the above technical problem, respectively install a home energy management system (HEMS) in the prosumer's premises to perform power transactions between neighbors in the energy prosumer market, It is equipped with a blockchain algorithm, and provides a blockchain-based HEMS unit that executes power data interchange, surplus power sales, false sale blocking, and progressive avoidance transactions between the prosumers on a blockchain basis.

The present invention can prevent the market from being disturbed by preventing the false sale in the electricity trading market between neighbors in advance, and also by optimizing the profits of both the seller and the buyer by exchanging the sales_purchasing capacity, which enables reliable trading. It is possible to adjust the sales volume_purchase volume between nodes, and there is a technical effect to prevent the above tampering from external hacking by operating the transaction history on the blockchain basis.

Figure 1a is shown to explain the concept of a blockchain-based power transaction HEMS system according to the present invention.
1B illustrates an example of a power transaction situation between neighbors using a blockchain-based power transaction HEMS system according to the present invention.
Figure 2 shows the main configuration of the blockchain-based HEMS unit according to the present invention.
Figure 3 illustrates in detail the main configuration of the power transaction processing unit of the blockchain-based HEMS according to the present invention.
Figure 4 illustrates in detail the main configuration of the blockchain processing unit of the blockchain-based HEMS unit according to the present invention.
5A illustrates an embodiment according to the present invention, in which power transaction details are shared by a primary node and a corresponding block generation process.
FIG. 5B is a diagram for comparing forgery detection efficiency due to hacking when comparing with a random node primary node selection according to the present invention.
Figure 6a is an embodiment according to the present invention, showing the structure and work proof process of the blockchain.
6B illustrates an HEMS block verification procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1A illustrates a concept of a HEMS system for blockchain-based power trading according to the present invention, and FIG. 1B illustrates a power transaction situation between neighbors using the HEMS system for blockchain-based power trading according to the present invention. It is shown.

Referring to FIG. 1A, the HEMS system 1000 for blockchain-based power trading according to the present invention includes a first blockchain-based HEMS unit 100-1 for performing power transactions on a blockchain basis in an energy prosumer market. n blockchain-based HEMS unit 100-n.

Here, energy prosumer is a term composed of Prosumer, which is a compound word of Producer and Consumer in Energy, and means a consumer who directly participates in energy production, in which case the first energy prosumer The surplus of the produced energy (such as renewable energy such as solar and wind power) is sold to neighboring second to nth energy prosumers.

The first blockchain-based HEMS unit 100-1 installs a separate home energy management system (HEMS) in the home of the first energy prosumer and mounts a blockchain algorithm therein to manage the energy production and consumption of the home. It enables to process the collection, storage, analysis and sales in real time, a detailed description thereof will be described later in FIG.

Similarly, the second blockchain-based HEMS unit 100-2 to the n-th blockchain-based HEMS unit 100-n may include a separate home energy management system (HEMS) in the home of the second energy prosumer to the nth energy prosumer. It is installed and equipped with a blockchain algorithm therein, so that it is possible to process the collection, storage, analysis and sale of energy production, consumption of each home in real time, a detailed description thereof will be described later in FIG.

For example, as shown in FIG. 1B, the first blockchain-based HEMS unit 100-1 sells the surplus of electricity left by the first energy prosumer through photovoltaic power generation in the housing 1 to the housing 2 and the housing 3. In this case, the transaction information is broadcasted to the HEMS (Home Energy Management System) installed in the houses 2 and 3 respectively, and in this case, a blockchain-based encryption method to protect the transaction information from external hacking. It will be used, a detailed description thereof will be described later in Figures 2 to 6b.

Figure 2 shows the main configuration of the blockchain-based HEMS unit according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, the blockchain-based HEMS unit 100 according to the present invention includes a power data collector 110, a power status providing unit 120, a communication unit 130, a power transaction processing unit 140, and a blockchain processing unit. 150, a data storage unit 160, and a controller 170.

The power data collecting unit 110 collects power amount information (for example, 1 minute unit, 5 minute unit, 15 minute unit power amount information, etc.) produced in the home in real time through a home energy management system (HEMS) installed in the home.

The power status providing unit 120 provides current power status information in real time through a home energy management system (HEMS) installed in the home.

Here, the power status information includes information such as the amount of power produced in the home, the amount of power consumed, and the amount of surplus power.

The communication unit 130 provides an interface for performing communication with a neighboring home energy management system (HEMS), for example, power line communication (PLC) or Zigbee, RF, RF, Wi-Fi, Wireless communication such as 3G, 4G, LTE, LTE-A, and Wireless Broadband Internet, or the Internet and SNS (Social Network Service) may be used.

As shown in FIG. 3, the power transaction processing unit 140 includes a power sales execution unit 141, a false sale blocking unit 142, a progressive avoidance trading unit 143, and a settlement processing unit 144.

The power sales execution unit 141 matches the amount of power sold by the seller with the amount of power purchased by the buyer, and executes power sales between the power sources when it is determined that the transaction capacity satisfies the mutual conditions.

For example, nodes (sellers) who wish to participate in the trade in the energy prosumer market are obliged to provide their power status to all nodes (buyers) in the market every 15 minutes through the blockchain method, so that each node has a market Will be able to identify the tradeable power capacity and participate in the trading market. In this case, the power sales execution unit 141 determines the transaction amount and capacity when the mutual condition is satisfied based on the tradeable capacity between the seller and the buyer. To execute power sales between them.

The false sales blocker 142 judges the adequacy of the trading capacity input by the seller and the buyer based on home energy usage and production information collected through the home energy management system (HEMS) installed in the home, and exceeds the range. In this case, the function to invalidate the power transaction between seller_consumer in advance is performed.

In detail, the false sale blocker 142 may first determine whether the forgery has been tampered with by comparing the seller's surplus power holding status with the seller's surplus power at the time of the power transaction between the seller and the consumer's neighbor.

For example, if the seller inputs to sell 100 kWh even though there is only 10 kWh of surplus power in the home energy management system (HEMS), the false material blocker 142 determines that the transaction attempt is invalid and does not close the transaction. Block the source.

Similarly, when the purchaser inputs that he / she purchases 1,000 kWh even though the actual power is 100 kWh, the false sale blocker 142 determines that the transaction attempt is invalid and blocks the transaction from being closed.

That is, the false sales blocker 142 determines whether the transaction activity is within the effective range through mutual verification of the power margin of the power seller and the power demand of the buyer in advance, and then the power sales execution unit 141. Allows you to perform the corresponding power transaction between seller_buyer.

Thus, in the present invention, even if the power transaction amount is modulated or partially modulated by the hacker, since the past power usage pattern information is recorded between the nodes, when the error between the transaction attempt capacity and the past power production_consumption is large, The false sale blocker 142 determines this as a false sale and blocks the transaction in advance, thereby providing a technical advantage of preventing the energy prosumer market from being disturbed by the false sale.

The progressive avoidance trading unit 143 may suppress the progressive stage increase to the buyer, which is expected to exceed the progressive stage by increasing power consumption based on power status information between neighbors provided through the power status providing unit 120. It calculates the amount of surplus power, and automatically requests the sale of the calculated surplus power.

In detail, the progressive avoidance trading unit 143 automatically calculates the required purchase amount by automatically converting the power consumption stored in the home energy management system (HEMS) own database (DB) and the marginal margin capacity for each progressive step, and transactions between neighbors. The purchase can be done one-stop at, because it is possible to determine which amount of power is the best gain from which node.

 For example, the progressive avoidance trading unit 143 may automatically request the node A (seller) to sell 20 kWh of surplus power when the node B (buyer) is expected to increase the power consumption and exceed the progressive stage. Node B (buyer) buys as soon as it is determined to be the right price (in the past, it was a hassle for buyers to directly check and calculate the electricity meter to determine the amount of electricity purchase). To make it work.

As a result, since node B (buyer) does not exceed the progressive stage, profit may occur even when paying the purchase power fee to node A (seller), and node A (seller) sends surplus power to KEPCO. Selling to neighboring Node Bs (buyers) is more beneficial than selling.

The settlement processing unit 144 performs a settlement for the power transaction performed between the seller_buyer through the power sales execution unit 141 and the progressive avoidance trading unit 143.

As shown in FIG. 4, the blockchain processing unit 150 includes a primary node selecting unit 151, a transaction history block generating unit 152, a task verification unit 153, and a blockchain forming unit 154. .

The primary node selector 151 selects a primary node randomly by programming in advance among nodes pre-registered in the consortium blockchain (for example, HEMS installed in each home).

Here, the primary node is a node in charge of block generation, and plays a role of confirming a corresponding transaction by propagating the generated block to the remaining general nodes.

For example, as shown in FIG. 5A, the transaction history that general node A sells 20 kWh of power to general node B is propagated to all nodes, in which case all nodes participating in the transaction (A, B, C, D, E). The randomly elected primary node E generates a block for the transaction and propagates it back to all general nodes A, B, C, and D in the consortium.

Hereinafter, the advantages and the like will be described in comparison with the conventional general case when selecting the primary node (primary node) used in the present invention and hacking.

First, the primary node's election eligibility is limited to a private blockchain that can restrict or control the nodes participating in the transaction.

This is because a private blockchain is more suitable than a public blockchain in order to easily mount and verify a primary node selection algorithm in a HEMS of the same manufacturer.

In detail, in the case of the public blockchain, any node with excellent computing power generates the block first, and the coin is rewarded accordingly, or for a specific purpose such as a small power transaction. In order to fit HEMS into each home and secure the transparency, reliability and security of the transaction, no competition for computing power is required within the limited private blockchain, and arbitrary nodes run. This is because it needs to be designed to generate blocks (ie, calculate NONCE = PoW).

In other words, if a public blockchain is a concept in which an unspecified node competitively performs a proof of work (PoW) to compensate for it (when using a public blockchain, powerful nodes having an unspecified hash power may be used). Equity can be broken first by calculating the nonce first) and the HEMS of the private blockchain structure has almost the same computing power, so the competition between them is meaningless, and they are randomly rotated. This is because it is more effective and better security to elect a primary node and create a block through it.

Second, when using the primary node (primary node) of the present invention, there is security superiority compared to the conventional case when hacking, a description thereof will be described with reference to Figure 5b below.

Referring to FIG. 5B, there are a total of 12 HEMSs participating in a trade in the energy prosumer market, and a specific first to seventh HEMS, that is, seven HEMSs (58.3%, or more than 51% of the majority) are hacked by hackers. Assuming that it can be deodorized and produce a block, a comparison is made to the conventional method and the present method below.

First of all, if seven HEMSs (58.3% or more than 51% of the total) are dominated by hackers, then the rest of the normal nodes will be hackers according to the majority rule (the characteristic that follows the Longest Chain in the blockchain). The problem arises in that a situation arises in which a malicious block has been continuously modulated.

On the other hand, in the present invention, when seven HEMSs (58.3% or more than 51% of the total) are taken by a hacker, when a primary node is randomly selected (pink region of FIG. 5B) Although overwhelmingly occupied, it is possible that some 49% of the normal nodes will be elected as primary nodes (see 3 green areas in FIG. 5B), and the elected primary nodes will be By creating a normal block through it, the block can detect that the above modulation is caused by a hacker.

Of course, in this case, if a hacker hacks and occupies all 12 HEMSs, there is no other way as in the conventional method, but if some of the normal HEMSs are running, there is room for a normal block to be generated through the primary node. If an error occurs between the modulated block and the normal block, it can be known that the above modulation attempt is made naturally.

Next, the transaction history block generation unit 152 is a transaction node through the primary node (Random) primary node (Primary node) randomly selected through the primary node selection unit (151) Create a block.

The job verification unit 153 calculates a nonce value through a primary node with respect to the power transaction details (general ledger) generated by the transaction history block generation unit 152 (that is, equal to the difficulty value). Or a small hash value) and send the corresponding nonce value to each normal node upon success, and each normal node enters the received nonce value into the hash function. If the result value is equal to or smaller than the target hash value, it is determined as the correct nonce value and the proof of work (PoW) is performed. (See Figures 6A, 6B)

The block chain forming unit 154 performs a function of connecting to the existing block in addition to their existing block if there is no problem in proof of work (PoW) through the work verification unit 153.

Next, the data storage unit 160 stores various data processed by the power transaction processing unit 140, the blockchain processing unit 150, and the control unit 170, and a nonvolatile memory such as a flash memory as a storage medium. Can be used.

The controller 170 controls the power data collection unit 110, the power status providing unit 120, the communication unit 130, the power transaction processing unit 140, the block chain processing unit 150, and the data storage unit 160.

In the above description, the technical idea of the present invention has been described with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention has been described by way of example only, and is not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, it is apparent that any person skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can make various modifications and imitations without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

100: blockchain-based HEMS part
110: power data collection unit
120: power status provision unit
130: communication unit
140: power transaction processing unit
141: power sales executive
142: false block
143: Progressive avoidance trading unit
144: settlement processing unit
150: blockchain processing unit
151: primary node selection unit
152: transaction history block generation unit
153: job verification unit
154 block forming part
160: data storage unit
170: control unit

Claims (6)

In the energy prosumer market, each home energy management system (HEMS) is installed in the prosumers' homes to carry out power transactions between neighbors, and a blockchain algorithm is installed therein to exchange power data between the prosumers on a blockchain basis. To provide blockchain-based HEMS to execute surplus power sales, block fraudulent trades and avoidance transactions,
The blockchain-based HEMS unit,
A power data collection unit collecting power amount information produced in the home in real time through a home energy management system (HEMS) installed in the prosumer's home;
A power status providing unit that provides current power status information in real time through a home energy management system (HEMS) installed in a prosumer's home;
A power transaction processor that executes power data interchange, surplus power sales, false sale blocking, and progressive avoidance transactions between the prosumers; And
It includes a blockchain processing unit for generating a block through the primary node (primary node) for the power transaction history between the prosumer neighbors, and performs a proof of work of the block to form a blockchain,
The power transaction processing unit,
A power sales execution unit that matches the amount of power sold by the seller and the amount of power purchased by the buyer among the prosumers, and executes power sales between each other when it is determined that the transaction capacity satisfies the mutual condition;
Determining the adequacy of the trading capacity entered by the seller and the buyer among the prosumers, based on the current power status information, including the home energy usage and production information collected through the HEMS, which the power status provider provides, Merchant_Consumer Compares the surplus power reserve status of the seller at the time of electricity transaction between neighbors and the value to be actually sold, and judges whether it is forgery for the first time. False block for blocking the power transaction between; And
Based on power status information between neighbors, including home energy usage and production information collected through the HEMS provided through the power status providing unit, power consumption among the prosumers is expected to increase and exceed the progressive step. The Home Energy Management System (HEMS) of the buyer, which calculates the amount of surplus power that can suppress the progression of the progressive stage, and sends a signal automatically requesting the sale of the calculated surplus power, but the HEMS (Home Energy Management System) database Blockchain based, comprising a progressive avoidance trading unit that automatically calculates the required purchase amount by automatically converting the power consumption stored in the (DB) and the margin margin capacity for each progressive stage, and proceeds one-stop from transactions between neighbors. HEMS system for power trading. delete delete The method of claim 1, wherein the block chain processing unit,
A primary node selector for selecting a primary node among nodes of each of the prosumers participating in the power transaction;
A transaction history block generation unit generating a block for the power transaction details of the prosumers through the primary node;
When the nonce is calculated through the primary node and the calculated nonce is transmitted to each of the normal nodes, the normal nodes that receive the nonce are hashed. A work verification unit that performs a proof of work of the block by using a function; And
When determining that there is no problem in the proof of work of the block through the work verification unit, blockchain-based power transaction for comprising a block chain forming unit for connecting the verified block to their existing block to connect HEMS system. The method of claim 4, wherein the primary node selection unit,
A HEMS system for a blockchain-based power transaction, wherein a random selection of a primary node is performed by a pre-programmed method among nodes operated in a private blockchain. The method of claim 4, wherein the job verification unit,
The nonce value received by the general nodes receiving the nonce value is inputted into a hash function to be calculated and compared to the target hash value. The blockchain based power transaction HEMS system, characterized in that it is determined that the proof of work of the block was successful.

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