KR102081897B1 - Energy storage system capable of blocking fire risk - Google Patents

Abstract

Various embodiments of the present invention relate to an energy storage system capable of preventing the risk of fire, and a technical task to be solved of the present invention is to provide an energy storage system capable of reducing the risk of fire by separating a battery chamber and a power control system PCS with using a partition wall. To this end, the energy storage system comprises: a battery chamber which has a plurality of batteries installed on one side thereof; a PCS chamber which has a power conversion system (PCS) for controlling charging and discharging of the batteries installed on the other side thereof; a partition wall which separates the battery chamber and the PCS chamber; and a container in which the battery chamber, the PCS chamber and the partition wall are installed.

Description

Energy storage system capable of blocking fire risk

Various embodiments of the present invention relate to an energy storage system that can block fire hazards.

The energy storage system refers to a device that receives and stores external power from an external power source, for example, a power plant, and transmits the power to where it is needed when power is needed. In other words, the energy storage system is a large-capacity power storage system including a battery for power storage, and is a system for storing power and using it at a necessary place and time. Accordingly, it is currently in the spotlight for storing renewable energy (solar, wind energy, etc.).

Currently, lithium ion batteries are used in energy storage systems. Normally, batteries lose some of the electricity stored by self discharge, but lithium-ion batteries do not. The storage capacity per unit volume is high, and even a small amount of electricity generated from the solar power generation of the house can be stored without problems. The weaknesses of other batteries, such as 'charging while the electricity remains, reduce the battery capacity (memory effect)', are not seen. This is the reason for increasing the power storage function of the lithium ion battery.

Energy storage systems usually consist of a battery module consisting of lithium ion batteries in a container. The battery modules are stacked in a plurality of battery systems electrically connected to each other in a predetermined number.

The energy storage system has a problem in that a large amount of heat is generated because a large number of battery modules are connected to each other and intensively arranged. In order to solve this problem, a cooling member must be provided. In addition, a fire management system is needed to prevent fires because they can occur in large and large accidents. To this end, a fire extinguishing system, a control panel, and a smoke detector are conventionally provided in a container.

As a fire fighting method, conventionally, a fire extinguishing system is operated by a control panel by mechanically or manually using a fire extinguishing system or by determining whether a fire is detected by a smoke detector. In the case of extinguishing facilities, carbon dioxide gas extinguishing is applied.

The above-described information disclosed in the background technology of the present invention is only for improving the understanding of the background of the present invention, and thus may include information that does not constitute the prior art.

The problem to be solved according to various embodiments of the present invention is to provide an energy storage system that can reduce the risk of fire by separating the battery compartment and the power control system compartment with a partition wall.

An object to be solved according to various embodiments of the present invention is to provide an energy storage system equipped with a ground fault detection device and can be operated in conjunction with the energy monitoring system.

Problems to be solved according to various embodiments of the present invention to provide an energy storage system that can optimally maintain the battery chamber temperature by optimizing and redundant air conditioning system.

An object to be solved according to various embodiments of the present invention is to provide an energy storage system that can quickly extinguish an electric fire by injecting an inert gas through a fire extinguishing device when a fire occurs.

An energy storage system according to various embodiments of the present disclosure may include a battery compartment having a plurality of batteries installed at one side thereof; A PCS room in which a power conversion system (PCS) for controlling charging and discharging of the battery is installed on the other side; A partition wall separating the battery chamber and the PCS chamber; And a container in which the battery chamber, the PCS chamber, and the partition wall are installed.

The partition wall may include a firewall, the firewall may include an opening through which a cable, a pipeline, or a duct connecting the battery chamber and the PCS chamber passes, and the opening may be sealed with a fire protection sealant.

The PCS includes a power converter that supplies power generated from a power generation system to the battery or system, a converter that converts power from the power converter into direct current to the battery, and supplies power from the power converter. It may include an inverter for converting and supplying alternating current to a grid, and an energy monitoring system (EMS) for monitoring and controlling the power generation system, the battery, the grid, the converter, and the inverter.

The apparatus may further include a first air conditioning unit and a first fire extinguishing unit provided in the battery chamber, and may further include a second air conditioning unit and a second fire extinguishing unit provided in the PCS chamber. And the first fire extinguishing unit, and the second air conditioning unit and the second fire extinguishing unit of the PCS room may be independently controlled by the EMS.

The EMS may independently control the temperature and humidity of the first air conditioning unit of the battery chamber and the temperature and the humidity of the second air conditioning unit of the PCS chamber.

The EMS may independently control the first fire extinguishing unit of the battery compartment and the second fire extinguishing unit of the PCS compartment.

The first digestion unit and the second digestion unit may include HCFC-123 gas or CO2 gas.

The EMS may further include a ground fault determining unit determining whether the system is grounded, an air conditioning control unit controlling the first and second air conditioning units, and a fire extinguishing control unit controlling the first and second fire extinguishing units.

And a first switch installed between the inverter and the load and controlled by the EMS, and a second switch installed between the first switch and the system and controlled by the EMS.

The ground fault determination unit includes a current measurement unit measuring phase currents of the system, a fault detection unit detecting a failure when the measured phase currents are higher than a preset value, and a neutral current that is a sum of the measured phase currents is greater than a preset value. If it is high, the ground fault detection unit detects a ground fault, and calculates the ratio of the image current and the reverse phase current. When the ratio is higher than the preset value, it is determined as a magnetic section failure (forward direction) and when the ratio is smaller than the preset value. The fault direction judging unit which judges the other section failure (reverse direction), the overcurrent relay which is operated when the fault direction is the fault of the own section and does not operate when the fault direction is the fault of the other section, and the operation of the overcurrent relay It includes a trip signal generator for transmitting a trip signal to the second switch and the protection device installed in the system. Can.

Various embodiments of the present invention can provide an energy storage system that can reduce the risk of fire by separating the battery chamber and the PCS chamber as a partition wall. For example, the battery compartment and the PCS compartment may be completely separated by a firewall, and the opening of the partition wall through which a cable for connecting the battery compartment and the PCS compartment may be sealed with a fire protection seal, thereby preventing a fire between the battery compartment and the PCS compartment. Will not move.

Various embodiments of the present invention may provide an energy storage system having a ground fault detection device and operating in conjunction with the energy monitoring system. For example, when the ground fault detection device detects a ground fault in the system, the energy monitoring system may cut off power from the energy storage system to the system, and the energy monitoring system may transmit a trip signal to the system's protection device. By doing so, the system is safeguarded.

Various embodiments of the present invention can provide an energy storage system capable of optimizing and redundancy of the air conditioning system to independently and optimally maintain battery chamber and PCS chamber temperatures. For example, by installing a first air conditioner in a battery chamber, a second air conditioner in a PCS chamber, and controlling them independently by the energy monitoring system, the air conditioning state of the battery chamber and the air conditioning state of the PCS chamber are controlled in each environment. Can be controlled in an optimized state.

Various embodiments of the present invention may provide an energy storage system capable of quickly extinguishing an electric fire by injecting an inert gas through a fire extinguishing device when a fire occurs. For example, by installing the first fire extinguishing unit in the battery chamber, the second fire extinguishing unit in the PCS chamber, and having them independently controlled by the energy monitoring system, the fire extinguishing optimized for the fire characteristics of the battery chamber and the PCS chamber can be achieved. . For example, the battery chamber may include the extinguishing gas optimized for battery fire, and the PCS chamber may include the extinguishing gas optimized for electric fire so that the extinguishing gas optimized for each fire characteristic may be injected.

1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an energy storage system according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an energy storage system according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an energy monitoring system among energy storage systems according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a ground fault determining unit in an energy storage system according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a reverse phase and image current relationship when a ground fault occurs in an associated transformer line of an energy storage system.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The embodiments of the present invention are provided to more fully explain the present invention to those skilled in the art, and the following examples can be modified in many different forms, and the scope of the present invention is as follows. It is not limited to an Example. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the inventive concept to those skilled in the art.

In addition, in the following drawings, the thickness or size of each layer is exaggerated for convenience and clarity of description, the same reference numerals in the drawings refer to the same elements. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed items. In addition, the term "connected" in this specification means not only the case where the A member and the B member are directly connected, but also the case where the A member and the B member are indirectly connected by interposing the C member between the A member and the B member. do.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" may include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Also, as used herein, "comprise, include" and / or "comprising, including" means that the features, numbers, steps, operations, members, elements, and / or groups thereof mentioned. It is intended to specify the existence and not to exclude the presence or addition of one or more other shapes, numbers, operations, members, elements and / or groups.

Although the terms first, second, etc. are used herein to describe various members, parts, regions, layers, and / or parts, these members, parts, regions, layers, and / or parts are defined by these terms. It is self-evident that. These terms are only used to distinguish one member, part, region, layer or portion from another region, layer or portion. Accordingly, the first member, part, region, layer or portion, which will be described below, may refer to the second member, component, region, layer or portion without departing from the teachings of the present invention.

Terms relating to spaces such as "beneath", "below", "lower", "above", and "upper" are associated with one element or feature shown in the figures. It can be used for easy understanding of other elements or features. Terms related to this space are for easy understanding of the present invention according to various process conditions or use conditions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For example, if an element or feature in the figures is inverted, the element or feature described as "bottom" or "bottom" will be "top" or "top". Thus, "below" is a concept encompassing "top" or "bottom".

In addition, the system (control unit) and / or other related devices or components according to the present invention may be implemented using any suitable hardware, firmware (e.g., on-demand semiconductors), software, or a suitable combination of software, firmware and hardware. Can be. For example, various components of the system (control unit) and / or other related devices or components according to the present invention may be formed on one integrated circuit chip or on a separate integrated circuit chip. In addition, various components of the system (control unit) may be implemented on a flexible printed circuit film, and may be formed on the same substrate as the tape carrier package, printed circuit board, or system (control unit). In addition, various components of the system (control unit) may, in one or more computing devices, be a process or thread running on one or more processors, which execute computer program instructions to perform the various functions described below. And interact with other components. Computer program instructions are stored in memory that can be executed in a computing device using a standard memory device, such as, for example, random access memory. Computer program instructions may also be stored in other non-transitory computer readable media, such as, for example, CD-ROM, flash drive, and the like. In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the functionality of various computing devices may be combined with one another, integrated into one computing device, or that the functionality of a particular computing device is not limited to one or more other computing devices without departing from the exemplary embodiments of the invention. It should be recognized that they can be distributed among the fields.

In one example, a system (control unit) according to the present invention typically comprises a central processing unit, a mass storage system such as a hard disk or a solid state disk, a volatile memory device, an input device such as a keyboard or mouse, an output device such as a monitor or a printer. Can be run on a commercial computer.

1 is a schematic plan view illustrating an energy storage system 100 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

As shown in FIG. 1, the energy storage system 100 includes a container 110, a battery system 120, a power conversion system 130 (hereinafter, referred to as a power conversion system (PCS)), and air conditioning units 141 and 151. And digestive units 142 and 152. The container 110 may be divided into a battery chamber 140 and a PCS chamber 150. Subsequently, the battery chamber 140 and the PCS chamber 150 may be divided into partition walls 160. When the fire does not go to the PCS room 150, the fire is not transferred to the battery chamber 140 in the fire of the PCS room 150.

For example, the partition wall 160 may separate or subdivide the battery chamber 140 and the PCS chamber 150 to prevent fire spread, and may be a firewall having fire resistance and structural stability. In one example, the bulkhead 160 may have a fire resistance of 1 hour to 3 hours, and may have structural stability capable of withstanding a uniform load of 0.25 kPa (5 psi) applied to the firewall at least in both directions.

Meanwhile, various cables, pipelines, ducts, and the like (not shown) may be installed through the partition wall 160 between the battery chamber 140 and the PCS chamber 150. Openings (not shown) for the passage of cables, pipelines, ducts, etc., passing through the partition wall 160 may also be sealed with fire protection material and protected from fire. For example, the opening of the partition wall 160 may be filled with a fire protection sealant, or sealed with a silicone foam, a sealant, mortar, or the like, to prevent the expansion of a fire. Here, the container 110 may also be the same as the material of the partition wall 160.

The battery chamber 140 may include a plurality of battery systems 120 (eg, battery racks), and the plurality of battery systems 120 may be adjacent to one side wall and the other side wall of the container 110 and may have sidewalls. It can be arranged side by side along the longitudinal direction of. In addition, the battery chamber 140 may include a first air conditioning unit 141 for controlling the temperature of the battery system 120 and a first fire extinguishing unit 142 for suppressing the occurrence of a fire. The PCS room 150 may include a PCS 130, a second air conditioning unit 151, and a second fire extinguishing unit 152. Therefore, the air conditioning state (temperature and humidity, etc.) of the battery chamber 140 and the PCS chamber 150 can be independently controlled, and also the fire extinguishing can be controlled independently, thereby making the energy storage system 100 more efficient. ) Can be managed.

2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an energy storage system 100 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2, the energy storage system 100 may basically supply the load 203 with power supplied from the power generation system 201 and the system 202. In addition, the energy storage system 100 may supply power generated from the power generation system 201 to the system 202. In some cases, the energy storage system 100 may receive power from the system 202 to charge the battery system 120.

The power generation system 201 produces power in accordance with the energy source. The power generation system 201 supplies the generated power to the energy storage system 100. The power generation system 201 may be, for example, a solar power generation system, a wind power generation system, an tidal power generation system, a geothermal power generation system, or the like. The power generation system 201 may include all kinds of power generation systems that generate electric power by using an energy source such as solar heat or geothermal heat. In particular, a solar cell that produces electrical energy using sunlight may be used as the power generation system 201. The energy of the power generation system 201 can be distributed to homes or factories using the energy storage system 100. The power generation system 201 may include a large-capacity energy system having a plurality of power generation modules and generating power for each power generation module.

The system 202 may include a power plant, a substation, a power transmission line, and the like. The system 202 may power the energy storage system 100 to power the load 203 and / or battery system 120 (eg, the battery rack described above) when in steady state. The system 202 can also be powered from the energy storage system 100. If the grid 202 is in an abnormal state (eg, in the event of a ground fault or power outage), the power supply from the grid 202 to the energy storage system 100 may be interrupted and from the energy storage system 100 Power supply to the system 202 may also be interrupted. This will be described again below.

The load 203 may consume power produced in the power generation system 201, power stored in the battery system 120, and / or power supplied from the grid 202. A home or factory may optionally be included in the load 203.

The energy storage system 100 may store the power produced by the power generation system 201 in the battery system 120, and supply the generated power to the system 202. The energy storage system 100 may supply power stored in the battery system 120 to the system 202 or store power supplied from the system 202 in the battery system 120. In addition, the energy storage system 100 may supply power to the load 203 by performing an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) operation when the system 202 is in an abnormal state, for example, when a power failure occurs. In addition, the energy storage system 100 may supply power generated by the power generation system 201 or power stored in the battery system 120 to the load 203 even when the system 202 is in a normal state.

The PCS 130 converts the power supplied from the power generation system 201, the system 202, and the battery system 120 into a form suitable for the system 202, the load 203, and the battery system 120. The PCS 130 performs power conversion to the input / output terminal and power conversion from the input / output terminal, where the power conversion may be DC / AC conversion and conversion between the first voltage and the second voltage. The PCS 130 supplies the converted power to an appropriate destination according to the mode of operation by the control of the energy monitoring system 135.

The PCS 130 may include a power converter 131, a DC link unit 132, an inverter 133, a converter 134, and an energy monitoring system 135.

The power converter 131 may be a power change device connected between the power generation system 201 and the DC link unit 132. The power converter 131 may transfer the power produced by the power generation system 201 to the DC link unit 132. The output voltage from the power converter 131 may be a DC link voltage.

The power converter 131 may be configured as a power converter circuit such as a converter and a rectifier circuit according to the type of the power generation system 201. For example, when the power generated by the power generation system 201 is a direct current, the power conversion unit 131 sets the voltage level of the direct current power of the power generation system 201 to the voltage level of the direct current power of the DC link unit 132. It may include a converter for converting. However, when the power generated by the power generation system 201 is AC, the power converter 131 may be a rectifier circuit for converting AC into DC. In particular, when the power generation system 201 is a photovoltaic power generation system, the power conversion unit 131 tracks the maximum power point so as to obtain the maximum power generated by the power generation system 201 according to a change in state such as solar radiation or temperature. It may include an MPPT converter that performs (Maximum Power Point Tracking) control. The power converter 131 may stop the operation to minimize the power consumption when there is no power produced by the power generation system 201.

The DC link voltage may become unstable due to an instantaneous voltage drop in the power generation system 201 or the system 202, a sudden change in the load 203, a high load demand, or the like. However, the DC link voltage must be stabilized for normal operation of the converter 134 and the inverter 133. The DC link unit 132 is connected between the power converter 131 and the inverter 133 to maintain a constant DC link voltage. As the DC link unit 132, for example, a large capacity capacitor may be included.

The inverter 133 is a power converter connected between the DC link unit 132 and the first switch 171. The inverter 133 may include an inverter 133 that converts a DC output voltage from the DC link unit 132 into an AC voltage of the grid 202 in the discharge mode. In addition, the inverter 133 may include a rectifier circuit for rectifying the AC voltage of the system 202 and converting the DC voltage into a DC link voltage to store the power of the system 202 in the battery system 120 in the charging mode. Can be. That is, the inverter 133 may be a bidirectional inverter 133 which may change directions of input and output.

The inverter 133 may include a filter for removing harmonics from the AC voltage output to the system 202. The inverter 133 may also include a phase locked loop (PLL) circuit for synchronizing the phase of the AC voltage output from the inverter 133 and the phase of the AC voltage of the grid 202 to suppress reactive power loss. . In addition, the inverter 133 may perform functions such as limiting voltage fluctuation range, improving power factor, removing direct current components, and protecting against transient phenomena. When not in use, inverter 133 may shut down to minimize power consumption.

The converter 134 may be a power conversion device connected between the DC link unit 132 and the battery system 120. The converter 134 may include a DC-DC converter 134 for converting a voltage of power output from the battery system 120 into a DC link voltage for the inverter 133 in the discharge mode. In addition, the converter 134 may include a DC-DC converter 134 for converting a voltage of power output from the power converter 131 or the inverter 133 into a voltage for the battery system 120 in the charging mode. . That is, the converter 134 may be a bidirectional converter 134 in which the directions of the input and the output may be changed. When the converter 134 is not used for charging or discharging the battery system 120, the converter 134 may be stopped to minimize power consumption.

The energy monitoring system 135 monitors the state of the power generation system 201, the system 202, the battery system 120, and the load 203, and according to the monitoring result, the power converter 131, the inverter 133, The operation of the converter 134, the battery system 120, the first switch 171, and the second switch 172 may be controlled. The energy monitoring system 135 determines whether a power failure occurs in the system 202 or whether a ground fault has occurred, whether power is generated in the power generation system 201, or the amount of power generated when power is generated in the power generation system 201. The state of charge of the battery system 120, the amount of power consumed by the load 203, and the time may be monitored. In addition, the energy monitoring system 135 takes priority over the power-using devices included in the load 203 when there is not enough power to supply the load 203, such as a power outage to the system 202, for example. The load 203 may be controlled to rank and power the high priority power-using device.

The first switch 171 and the second switch 172 are connected in series between the inverter 133 and the grid 202, and performs the on / off operation under the control of the energy monitoring system 135 to generate a power generation system ( 201) and the flow of current between the grid 202. On / off of the first switch 171 and the second switch 172 may be determined according to the states of the power generation system 201, the system 202, and the battery system 120.

Specifically, in order to supply power of the power generation system 201 and / or battery system 120 to the load 203, to supply power of the system 202 to the battery system 120, the first switch 171. ) To the on state. To supply power of the power generation system 201 and / or battery system 120 to the grid 202 or to supply power of the grid 202 to the load 203 and / or battery system 120. The switch 172 is turned on. As the first switch 171 and the second switch 172, a switching device such as a relay that can withstand a large current may be used.

When a ground fault or power failure occurs in the system 202, the second switch 172 is turned off and the first switch 171 is turned on. That is, the power from the power generation system 201 and / or the battery system 120 is supplied to the load 203 and the power supplied to the load 203 is prevented from flowing to the system 202. The energy storage system 100 is disconnected from the system 202 where a ground fault or power failure has occurred to prevent power supply to the system 202. This makes it possible to prevent accidents such as electric shocks caused by electric power from the energy storage system 100, for example, a worker working on a power line of the system 202, for example, repairing a power failure of the system 202.

The battery system 120 receives and stores the power of the power generation system 201 and / or the system 202, and supplies the power stored in the load 203 or the system 202. The battery system 120 may include a portion for storing power and a portion for controlling and protecting the power.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the energy monitoring system 135 may control the air conditioning units 141 and 151 and the fire extinguishing units 142 and 152. Although the air conditioning units 141 and 151 and the fire extinguishing units 142 and 152 are located at one side of the battery system 120 in FIG. It may be provided. In addition, the air conditioning units 141 and 151 may include a temperature sensor, a condensation sensor, a humidity sensor, an air conditioner, a heater, and the like. Therefore, the battery chamber 140 and the PCS chamber 150 may be controlled to the optimum air conditioning state by the air conditioning units 141 and 151, respectively. In addition, the fire extinguishing units 142 and 152 may include a flame sensor, a heat sensor, a smoke sensor, a fire extinguishing device (eg, HCFC-123 gas, CO2 gas, etc.). Therefore, the battery chamber 140 and the PCS chamber 150 may be protected from fire by the fire extinguishing unit, respectively.

In addition, the embodiment of the present invention, the energy monitoring system 135 may further include a ground fault determination unit 135a, air conditioning control unit 135b, fire extinguishing control unit 135c and communication unit 135d, which is described in more detail below. I will explain.

In addition, the embodiment of the present invention may include a configuration in which the energy monitoring system 135 is connected to the central management server 204 and the mobile terminal 205 through the Internet network 203. For example, when a ground fault or power failure occurs, an abnormality occurs in air conditioning, or a fire occurs, the energy monitoring system 135 may transmit it to the central management server 204 and the mobile terminal 205 in real time.

3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an energy monitoring system 135 of an energy storage system 100 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3, the energy monitoring system 135 may include a ground fault determining unit 135a, an air conditioning control unit 135b, a fire extinguishing control unit 135c, and a communication unit 135d.

The ground fault determining unit 135a may measure a current from the system 202 and output a trip signal to the protection device of the system 202 through the communication unit 135d when it is determined that the ground fault is detected. In addition, the trip signal may be transmitted to the central management server 204 and the mobile terminal 205 in real time via the Internet. In addition, the energy monitoring system 135 turns off the second switch 172 at the output of the trip signal so that the power of the energy storage system 100 is not supplied to the system 202.

The air conditioning controller 135b controls the air conditioning units 141 and 151 installed in the battery chamber 140 and the PCS chamber 150, respectively. For example, data such as temperature and humidity are obtained from the air conditioner 141 of the battery chamber 140, and the air conditioner or the heater is operated so that the obtained temperature and humidity are within a reference range of the preset battery chamber 140. As another example, data such as temperature and humidity are obtained from the air conditioning unit 151 of the PCS room 150, and the air conditioner or the heater is operated so that the obtained temperature and humidity are within a reference range of the preset PCS room 150. .

Here, the reference range of the battery chamber 140 and the reference range of the PCS chamber 150 are set differently from each other, so that the battery chamber 140 and the PCS chamber 150 are optimized for each environment to be cooperatively controlled.

The fire extinguishing control unit 135c controls the fire extinguishing units 142 and 152 respectively installed in the battery chamber 140 and the PCS room 150. For example, it is determined whether data such as flame and smoke are obtained from the fire extinguishing unit 142 of the battery chamber 140, and when the data such as flame and smoke is obtained, the fire extinguishing unit 142 is operated to operate the battery chamber 140. To digest. As another example, it is determined whether data such as flame and smoke are obtained from the fire extinguishing unit 152 of the PCS room 150, and when the data such as flame and smoke are obtained, the fire extinguishing unit 152 is operated to operate the PCS room 150. Digest).

Here, the fire extinguishing agents of the battery chamber 140 and the PCS chamber 150 are provided differently from each other, so that the battery chamber 140 and the PCS chamber 150 are optimized for each environment to be extinguished. For example, the fire extinguishing unit 151 provided in the battery chamber 140 may be optimized for extinguishing a cathode active material, a cathode active material, a separator, a liquid electrolyte, and the like in the HCFC-123 gas system. As another example, the fire extinguishing unit 152 provided in the PCS chamber 150 may be optimized for electric fire as CO 2 gas, evaporative liquid, and / or fire extinguishing powder.

4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the ground fault determining unit 135a of the energy storage system 100 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.

The ground fault determining unit 135a is interlocked with the energy monitoring system 135 to turn off the second switch 172 when a ground fault occurs in the system 202 so that the power of the energy storage system 100 is not supplied to the system 202. Do not do it. In addition, the ground fault determining unit 135a may be interlocked with the protection device 202a of the system 202 to more precisely control the relationship between the energy storage system 100 and the system 202.

The ground fault determining unit 135a interlocks with the protection device 202a of the system 202 through a dedicated communication line or the Internet, and may send a trip signal to the protection device 202a or receive current measurement information from the protection device 202a. have.

Specifically, the ground fault determining unit 135a may measure the current from the CT (Current Transformer) of the protection device 202a to detect whether the ground fault has occurred or even determine a failure direction. For example, when the failure direction is determined to be in the forward direction, the overcurrent relay 135a5 (OCGR) is operated to send a trip signal to the protection device 202a so that the protection device 202a operates, and the failure direction is determined to be reverse. If so, do not operate the overcurrent relay 135a5 (OCGR).

The ground fault determining unit 135a includes the current measuring unit 135a1, the fault detecting unit 135a2, the ground fault detecting unit 135a3, the fault direction determining unit 135a4, the overcurrent relay 135a5, and the trip signal generating unit 135a6. It may include.

The current measuring unit 135a1 measures the phase current according to the CT of the protection device 202a. In addition, the current measuring unit 135a1 calculates the neutral current by adding the measured three-phase input currents.

The failure detector 135a2 detects a failure by using the measured phase current. That is, the failure detector 135a2 detects / determines a failure when the measurement current is higher than a preset value.

The ground fault detection unit 135a3 determines the type of failure using the measured phase current. Specifically, the ground fault detection unit 135a3 determines whether the neutral current In, which is the sum of the phase currents Ia + Ib + Ic, is lower than a preset value to determine whether the type of failure is a ground fault or a failure. .

The failure direction determining unit 135a4 determines the failure direction by a predetermined method when the type of the determined failure is a ground fault. For example, the failure direction determining unit 135a4 analyzes the ratio of the image current and the reverse phase current, and determines that the magnitude is higher than the preset value as a magnetic section failure (forward direction), and if the magnitude is smaller than the preset value, the other section is failed. Judging by (reverse direction).

Further, the failure direction determining unit 135a4 instructs the overcurrent relay 135a5 (OCGR) to operate when the failure direction is in the forward direction, and instructs the overcurrent relay 135a5 (OCGR) to operate when the failure direction is in the reverse direction. Instructs you to repeat the process of measuring current without sending.

The overcurrent relay 135a5 operates by receiving an operation instruction from the failure direction determining unit 135a4 or the ground fault detection unit 135a3.

This overcurrent relay 135a5 may include a short circuit overcurrent relay 135a5 (general overcurrent relay, OCR) and a ground overcurrent relay 135a5 (OCGR).

The trip signal generator 135a6 generates a trip signal based on the operation of the overcurrent relay 135a5 and transmits the trip signal to the protection device 202a and the second switch 172.

As described above, by installing the protection device 202a to which the ground fault judging unit 135a is interlocked in the ground system to which the energy storage system 100 (distributed power supply) is connected, the protection device 202a causes the self-protection section (that is, To operate only on the load 203 side based on the installation point of the protection device 202a, so as to prevent faults on sections other than the self-protection section (i.e., the power supply side and other lines based on the installation point of the protection device 202a). Unnecessary malfunction can be prevented.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a reverse phase and image current relationship when a ground fault occurs in an associated transformer line of an energy storage system.

As shown in FIG. 5, if a ground fault occurs at the F1 point, the forward fault current has a relationship of I ₂ ≥ I ₀ , and the reverse fault current has a relationship of I ₂ <I ₀ . That is, in general, the reverse phase current shows a relatively large value or a similar value to the magnetic phase ground fault, but the reverse phase current shows a smaller value than the image current. Therefore, it can be seen that the magnetic section determination when the ground fault occurs can be divided by the ratio of the image current and the reverse phase current. This is due to the failure characteristics of the grounded Y- △ connection that is most commonly used as a transformer connection method for distributed power supply linkage, such as the energy storage system according to the present invention. That is, in case of using Grounded Y- △ connection, regardless of the type of distributed power supply or the generation status of the distributed power supply in case of failure, the video circuit is configured in case of reverse failure and the normal current This is because the image current is formed larger than the reverse phase current. The large image current means that the current vectors of each phase converge in one direction within a predetermined phase angle difference. Therefore, it can be seen that the failure direction can be determined using this characteristic.

In Figure 5, R1, R2, R3 means the position of the protective device, F1 indicates the failure position. If a fault occurs at the F1 point, the protection device of R1 operates because it is a magnetic section, but the protection device of R2 should not operate because it is not a magnetic section.

What has been described above is only one embodiment for implementing the energy storage system according to the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, the subject matter of the present invention as claimed in the following claims Without departing from the scope of the present invention, any person having ordinary skill in the art will have the technical spirit of the present invention to the extent that various modifications can be made.

100; Energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention
110; Container 120; Battery system
130; Power conversion system (PCS) 131; Power converter
132; DC link portion 133; inverter
134; Converter 135; Energy Monitoring System (EMS)
135a; Ground fault determining unit 135a1; Current measuring unit
135a2; Failure detection unit 135a3; Ground fault detection unit
135a4; Failure direction determining unit 135a5; Overcurrent relay
135a6; A trip signal generator 202a; Protection
135b; Air conditioning control unit 135c; Fire extinguishing control
135d; Communication unit 140; Battery compartment
150; PCS room 141,151; First and Second Air Conditioning Department
142,152; First and second fire extinguishing unit 160; septum
171; First switch 172; Second switch
201; Power generation system 202; system
203; Load 203; Internet network
204; Central management server 205; Mobile terminal

Claims (10)

A battery chamber having a plurality of batteries installed at one side thereof;
A PCS room in which a power conversion system (PCS) for controlling charging and discharging of the battery is installed on the other side;
A partition wall separating the battery chamber and the PCS chamber; And
And a container in which the battery chamber, the PCS chamber, and the partition wall are installed.
The PCS includes a power converter for supplying power generated from a power generation system to the battery or system, a converter for converting power from the power converter into direct current to the battery, and the power from the power converter. An inverter for converting and supplying alternating current to a grid, and an energy monitoring system (EMS) for monitoring and controlling the power generation system, the battery, the grid, the converter, and the inverter,
A first switch installed between the inverter and the load and controlled by the EMS, and a second switch installed between the first switch and the system and controlled by the EMS,
The EMS further includes a ground fault determining unit for determining whether the ground fault of the system, wherein the ground fault determination unit and the current measuring unit for measuring the phase current of the system, the failure to detect as a failure if the measured phase current is higher than a predetermined value A detection unit, a ground fault detection unit detecting a ground fault if the neutral current, which is the sum of the measured phase currents, is higher than a preset value, and calculating a ratio of the image current and the reverse phase current, and the ratio is higher than the preset value. A failure direction determination unit that judges the magnetic section failure (forward direction) and determines that the other section is a failure (reverse direction) when the ratio is smaller than a preset value, and operates when the failure direction is the magnetic section failure and the failure direction is the other section. The second switch and the overcurrent relay by the operation of the overcurrent relay and the overcurrent relay that does not operate in the event of a failure An energy storage system comprising a trip signal generator for transmitting a trip signal to a protection device installed in a system. The method of claim 1,
The partition includes a firewall, the firewall includes an opening through which a cable, pipeline or duct connecting the battery chamber and the PCS chamber passes, the opening is sealed with a fireproof sealant, and the partition wall is 1 to 3 hours. An energy storage system having a fire resistance of and withstanding a uniform load of 0.25 kPa applied perpendicular to the partition in both directions. delete The method of claim 1,
Further comprising a first air conditioning unit and a first fire extinguishing unit provided in the battery chamber, and further comprising a second air conditioning unit and a second fire extinguishing unit provided in the PCS room, the first air conditioning unit and the first fire extinguishing of the battery chamber And the second air conditioning unit and the second fire extinguishing unit of the PCS room are independently controlled by the EMS. The method of claim 4, wherein
And the EMS independently controls temperature and humidity by the first air conditioning unit of the battery chamber and temperature and humidity by the second air conditioning unit of the PCS chamber, respectively. The method of claim 4, wherein
And the EMS independently controls the first fire extinguishing portion of the battery compartment and the second fire extinguishing portion of the PCS compartment. The method of claim 4, wherein
The first fire extinguishing unit and the second fire extinguishing unit include HCFC-123 gas or CO2 gas. The method of claim 4, wherein
The EMS further includes an air conditioning control unit for controlling the first and second air conditioning units, and a fire extinguishing control unit for controlling the first and second fire extinguishing units.
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