KR102077530B1 - Intelligent fault diagnosis apparatus of photovoltaic module - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an intelligent photovoltaic module fault diagnosis apparatus which is installed at a photovoltaic module generating electric energy using incident solar rays to diagnose whether the photovoltaic module has a fault. According to the present invention, the intelligent photovoltaic module fault diagnosis apparatus comprises: a temperature measurement module measuring temperature of the photovoltaic module; an output current measurement module measuring current output from the photovoltaic module; an output voltage measurement module measuring voltage output from the photovoltaic module; a central control unit converting the measurement value, inputted by the temperature measurement module, into a temperature value of the photovoltaic module, converting the measurement value, inputted by the output current measurement module, into an output current value of the photovoltaic module, converting the measurement value, inputted by the output voltage measurement module, into an output voltage value of the photovoltaic module, and comparing the temperature value of the photovoltaic module, the output current value of the photovoltaic module and the output voltage value of the photovoltaic module, which have been converted, with set normal reference values of the photovoltaic module to diagnose whether the photovoltaic module has a fault; a wireless communication module wirelessly transmits the temperature value of the photovoltaic module, the output current value of the photovoltaic module and the output voltage value of the photovoltaic module, transmitted by the central control unit, to a fault diagnosis server; and a power supply unit supplying power to the temperature measurement module, the output current measurement module, the output voltage measurement module, the central control unit and the wireless communication module.

Description

Intelligent fault diagnosis apparatus of photovoltaic module

The present invention relates to an intelligent photovoltaic module failure diagnosis apparatus capable of diagnosing a failure of a photovoltaic module.

The demand for electricity in our country is increasing by double digits every year due to the rapidly changing industrial structure and the large capacity of residential load.

In order to meet this rapidly growing power demand, the expansion and establishment of electric power facilities is being made continuously according to the long-term development plan. However, energy resources such as fossil fuels are limited, and due to environmental problems and securing location of power facilities, etc. There is a growing interest in new forms of energy sources, alternative energy sources.

In addition, in accordance with the climate change agreement, it is urgent to secure eco-friendly alternative energy due to the burden of greenhouse gas reduction, and the government has set a goal of supplying alternative energy among domestic energy consumption by 5% by 2010 to develop and distribute various technologies. In the power industry, solar power generation, wind power generation, fuel cell power generation, etc., are the main reasons for accelerating the introduction of distributed power generation.

Since 2004, mandatory system to install and install more than 5% of the total construction cost as alternative energy for new buildings with 3,000m2 or more ordered by public institutions has been established. It is increasing.

In particular, solar energy, which is expected to be a future source of clean energy, can be roughly classified into solar power generation and solar power generation that generates electrical energy using solar cells, and research on this is being actively conducted.

Photovoltaic power generation has the advantages of being an infinitely clean and clean energy, easy to select and maintain the power generation, unmanned, less space constraints for installation, and can be installed in a dense load area.

In Korea, R & D on solar power technology is undertaken by the government, and it is installed and operated in over 20 government agencies under the government's pilot project for standalone solar system, island wallpaper, and grid-connected solar system. There is.

As a result, core technologies such as solar cell modules, capacitors and power converters have been secured, but the mass production technology and system use technology of solar power generation are insufficient, and especially when solar cell failures that are the core of solar power generation can be diagnosed. It is urgent to secure maintenance and diagnosis of malfunctions due to the rapid expansion of solar power generation systems such as the development of devices.

On the other hand, the prior art of the present invention has been applied for and registered a "solar cell module monitoring device" of the patent registration number "10-1549428", the solar cell module monitoring device has its own temperature by providing a separate communication function and temperature sensor A plurality of solar panels arranged on a grid to detect and transmit changes in the solar cell modules; And a server communication unit which communicates with the solar cell module, and receives a change in operating temperature for each solar cell module transmitted from the solar cell panel and falls out of a failure range of a predetermined temperature range with respect to a preset reference temperature change. And a management server for determining the state, wherein the reference temperature change is a temperature change of the solar cell module measured for a predetermined time in a normal operation state in which normal solar cell modules generate power by sunlight.

However, since the solar cell module monitoring device determines the failure of the solar cell module only by using the temperature value of the solar cell module, the reliability of the failure diagnosis is insufficient, and the cause of the failure of the solar cell module is determined only by the measured temperature value. There was a difficult problem.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1549428 (September 2, 2015)

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an intelligent photovoltaic module failure diagnosis apparatus that does not interfere with photovoltaic power generation by diagnosing a state of a photovoltaic module in real time in order to solve the above problems.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide an intelligent photovoltaic module failure diagnosis device that facilitates the maintenance of the photovoltaic module by allowing a failed photovoltaic module to be discovered immediately.

In addition, the present invention is to provide an intelligent photovoltaic module failure diagnosis device that allows a facility manager to easily monitor the status of the photovoltaic module through a portable terminal even in a remote place far from the photovoltaic module.

Intelligent solar module failure diagnosis apparatus according to the present invention for achieving the above object is installed in a solar module for generating electrical energy using the incident solar light intelligent solar module for diagnosing the failure of the solar module A failure diagnosis apparatus, wherein the intelligent solar module failure diagnosis apparatus comprises: a temperature measuring module measuring a temperature of the solar module; An output current measuring module measuring current output from the solar module; An output voltage measuring module measuring a voltage output from the solar module; The measured value received from the temperature measuring module is converted into the temperature value of the photovoltaic module, the measured value input from the output current measuring module is converted into the output current value of the photovoltaic module, and from the output voltage measuring module The measured measured value is converted into the output voltage value of the solar module, and the converted temperature value of the solar module, the output current value of the solar module, and the output voltage value are compared with the normal reference values of the set solar module. A central control unit for diagnosing a failure of the solar module; A wireless communication module for wirelessly transmitting a temperature value of the solar module, an output current value of the solar module, and an output voltage value of the solar module transmitted from the central control unit to a failure diagnosis server; And a power supply unit supplying power to the temperature measuring module, the output current measuring module, the output voltage measuring module, the central control unit, and the wireless communication module.

The intelligent photovoltaic module fault diagnosis apparatus according to the present invention having such a configuration is installed 1: 1 in each photovoltaic module to measure the temperature, output voltage, and output current of the photovoltaic module in real time.

In addition, the present invention generates an alarm signal is determined to be a failure of the photovoltaic module when the measured temperature, output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic module is out of the set reference value.

In addition, the present invention transmits the measured temperature, the output voltage and the output current of the solar module to the failure diagnosis server through a wireless network, the administrator can check whether the solar module is broken using a portable terminal even at a remote location.

Therefore, the intelligent photovoltaic module failure diagnosis apparatus according to the present invention diagnoses the state of the photovoltaic module in real time so that there is no disruption to the photovoltaic power generation, and maintains the photovoltaic module by enabling the instant detection of the failed photovoltaic module. Easy to repair

In addition, the present invention allows the facility manager to easily monitor the status of the solar module through a portable terminal even at a remote location away from the solar module.

1 is a control block diagram of the present invention;
2 shows an indicator;
3 is a control block diagram of a temperature measuring module;
4 is a control circuit diagram of the temperature measuring module,
5 is a control block diagram of an output voltage measuring module;
6 is a control circuit diagram of the output voltage measurement module,
7 is a control block diagram of the output current measurement module,
8 is a control circuit diagram of an output current measuring module;
9 is a control circuit diagram of a power supply unit;
10 is a photograph actually produced the present invention,

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail the present invention.

Intelligent solar module failure diagnosis device (A) according to the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, is installed in a solar module for generating electrical energy using the incident sunlight to diagnose whether the solar module failure An intelligent photovoltaic module failure diagnosis apparatus (A), wherein the intelligent photovoltaic module failure diagnosis apparatus (A) comprises: a temperature measuring module (1) for measuring a temperature of the photovoltaic module; An output current measuring module (2) measuring current output from the solar module; An output voltage measuring module (3) for measuring a voltage output from the solar module; Converting the measured value input from the temperature measuring module 1 into the temperature value of the solar module, converting the measured value input from the output current measuring module 2 into the output current value of the solar module, The measured value received from the output voltage measuring module 3 is converted into an output voltage value of the photovoltaic module, and the converted temperature value of the photovoltaic module, the output current value of the photovoltaic module, and the output voltage value are set. A central control unit (4) for diagnosing the failure of the solar module in comparison with the normal reference value of the solar module; A wireless communication module (6) for wirelessly transmitting a temperature value of the photovoltaic module, the output current value of the photovoltaic module and the output voltage value of the photovoltaic module transmitted from the central control unit (4) to a failure diagnosis server; And a power supply unit 7 for supplying power to the temperature measuring module 1, the output current measuring module 2, the output voltage measuring module 3, the central control unit 4, and the wireless communication module 6. Can be.

The central control unit 4 measures the measured value input from the temperature measuring module 1, the measured value input from the output current measuring module 2, and the measured value input from the output voltage measuring module 3. After converting the digital data to digital data converted into a temperature of the solar module, a voltage value and a current value output from the solar module.

The central controller 4 stores the converted digital data in ten or more buffers to overcome the phenomenon of incorrect sensing data coming from the chattering phenomenon, and stores the converted digital data in ten or more buffers. Is used as the final sensing value.

The wireless communication module 6 uses a LoRa wireless communication scheme.

The central control unit 4 integrates the temperature value of the photovoltaic module with the output voltage and output current value in an array form, adds string data header information to the front end of the array, and then adds the string data header information. The added data is transmitted to the gateway through the wireless communication module 6.

The wireless communication module 6 uses a frequency band of 922.1 MHz to 923.3 MHz.

According to the present invention, the temperature value, the output voltage value, and the output current value of the solar module output from the wireless communication module 6 are transmitted to the failure diagnosis server via a gateway.

The intelligent photovoltaic module fault diagnosis apparatus A includes a temperature value of the photovoltaic module converted by the central control unit 4, an output current value of the photovoltaic module, and the sun as illustrated in FIG. 1. And an indicator 8 for generating an alarm signal according to the control signal of the central controller 4 when the output voltage value of the optical module is out of the normal reference value set in the central controller 4. do.

As shown in FIG. 2, the indicator 8 lights an LED 81 and an LED driver 82 which lights the LED 81 in response to a control signal of the central controller 4 when a failure of the solar module occurs. It can be made of).

As shown in FIG. 2, the LED driver 82 has an LED protection resistor 821 connected to an input terminal and an output terminal connected to an anode terminal of the LED 81 and a collector terminal. NPN transistor 822 for LED control connected to the cathode terminal of the LED 81, the emitter terminal is grounded, and receives the control signal output from the central control unit 4 to the base terminal. When the high digital signal is input from the central control unit 4 to the base terminal of the LED control NPN transistor 822, the LED control NPN transistor 822 is turned on. When the LED 81 is turned on and a low digital signal is input from the central control unit 4 to the base terminal of the LED control NPN transistor 822, the LED control NPN transistor 822 is turned off. (Turn Off) and the LED 81 is turned off.

The intelligent photovoltaic module failure diagnosis device A further includes an address setting unit 9 for setting a unique address of the intelligent photovoltaic module failure diagnosis device A. FIG.

The address setting unit 9 inputs a 4-bit binary code corresponding to an address value to the central control unit 4.

As shown in FIG. 3, the temperature measuring module 1 senses the temperature of the photovoltaic module and outputs a voltage signal proportional to or inversely proportional to the sensed temperature. The primary noise reduction unit 12 for attenuating noise components among the signals output from the temperature sensing unit 11 and the voltage output from the primary noise reduction unit 12 exceed 3.3 V or 5 V. Temperature measurement side protection circuit 13 for protecting the circuit from being prevented, and temperature measurement side signal attenuation prevention circuit 14 for allowing the voltage output from the primary noise reduction unit 12 to be inputted to the central control unit 4 without being attenuated. ).

As illustrated in FIG. 4, the temperature sensing unit 11 has a temperature sensor side voltage divider 111 connected to an input terminal and a resistance thereof according to a temperature of the solar module, and one end of the temperature sensor side partial pressure. Bypass the AC signal output from the temperature sensor 112 connected to the resistor 111 and the other end is grounded, the voltage sensor side voltage divider 111 and the connection point of the temperature sensor 112 by bypass (Bypass) An AC signal bypass circuit unit 113 and an output voltage range adjusting unit 114 for increasing or decreasing the voltage change range output from the temperature sensing unit 11.

As shown in FIG. 4, the output voltage range adjusting unit 114 has an output voltage range adjusting resistor having one end connected to a connection point of the temperature sensor side voltage divider 111 and the temperature sensor 112 and the other end grounded. 1141, as the resistance value increases, the voltage change range output from the temperature sensing unit 11 also increases.

이상의 신호를 감쇄시킨다.As shown in FIG. 4, the primary noise reduction unit 12 includes a noise reduction first resistor 121 having an input terminal connected to an output terminal of the temperature sensing unit 11, and one electrode of the noise reduction agent. One of the signals output from the temperature sensing unit 11, including a noise reduction first capacitor 122 connected to the output terminal of the first resistor 121, the other electrode is grounded

The above signal is attenuated.

As shown in FIG. 4, the temperature measuring side protection circuit 13 includes an anode terminal connected to an output terminal of the primary noise reduction unit 12 and a cathode terminal connected to a power source. A protective diode 131 is included.

As shown in FIG. 4, the temperature measuring side signal attenuation prevention circuit unit 14 is connected to an inverting input terminal and an output terminal, and a non-inverting input terminal is connected to an output terminal of the primary noise reduction unit 12. An operational amplifier 141.

As shown in FIG. 5, the output voltage measuring module 3 divides the voltage output from the photovoltaic module and divides the voltage output from the photovoltaic module and lowers the voltage to a predetermined ratio. A smoothing unit 32 for lowering a ripple factor of the signal output from the voltage dividing circuit unit 31, a voltage measuring side noise attenuating unit 33 for attenuating noise components output from the smoothing unit 32, The voltage measurement side protection circuit unit 34 for limiting the voltage output from the voltage measurement side noise attenuator 33 not to exceed 3.3V or 5V, and the voltage output from the voltage measurement side protection circuit unit 34 is attenuated. And a voltage measuring side signal attenuation prevention circuit section 35 for inputting to the central control section 4 without being input.

As shown in FIG. 6, the voltage dividing circuit part 31 includes a first voltage dividing series resistor part 311 having two or more resistors connected in series and having an input terminal connected to an output (+) terminal of the solar module. And a second voltage divider resistor 312 connected to an output terminal of the first voltage dividing series resistor part 311 and the other end of which is grounded.

At the connection point of the first divided series resistor unit 311 and the second divided resistor 312, the photovoltaic module according to the resistance ratio of the first divided series resistor unit 311 and the second divided resistor 312. DC voltage output from the voltage is divided and output.

The first divided series resistor unit 311 has two or more resistors connected in series to lower the current input from the photovoltaic module and dissipate heat through two or more resistors connected in series.

As shown in FIG. 6, the smoothing part 32 has one electrode connected to the output terminal of the voltage divider circuit 31 and the other electrode grounded to discharge the AC component outputted from the voltage divider circuit 31 to the ground. A smoothing capacitor 321 is included.

이후의 신호를 감쇄한다.As illustrated in FIG. 6, the voltage measuring side noise canceling unit 33 includes a noise reducing second resistor 331 connected to an output terminal of the voltage dividing circuit unit 31, and one electrode of the noise reducing agent 33. And a second capacitor 332 for noise reduction connected to the output terminal of the second resistor 331 and the other electrode is grounded.

Attenuate subsequent signals.

As shown in FIG. 6, the voltage measuring side protection circuit unit 34 has an anode terminal connected to an output terminal of the voltage measuring side noise attenuating unit 33 and a cathode terminal is connected to a power source. A circuit protection diode 341 is included.

The voltage measuring side protection circuit 34 prevents the voltage output from the voltage measuring side noise attenuating unit 33 from exceeding 3.3V or 5V.

As shown in FIG. 6, the voltage measurement side signal attenuation prevention circuit unit 35 is connected to an inverting input terminal and an output terminal, and a non-inverting input terminal is connected to the voltage measurement side noise attenuation unit 33 to measure the voltage. And a voltage measuring side op amp 351 which transfers the signal output from the side noise attenuator 33 to the central controller 4 without attenuation.

As illustrated in FIG. 7, the output current measuring module 2 lowers the current output from the photovoltaic module at a predetermined ratio and measures the lowered current in proportion to the current to measure the current output from the photovoltaic module. A pre-processing unit 21 for converting to a voltage, a signal converter 22 and a signal-converting unit 22 for gain-amplifying a voltage output from the pre-processing unit 21 and adjusting a reference voltage level of the amplified signal. Current measuring side for attenuating the noise component outputted from the noise measuring unit 23, the current measuring side for protecting the voltage output from the current measuring side noise attenuating unit 23 does not exceed 3.3V or 5V Current measurement-side signal attenuation prevention circuit which allows the voltage output from the circuit protection unit 24 and the current measurement-side noise attenuation unit 23 to be transmitted to the central control unit 4 without being attenuated. And a 25.

As shown in FIG. 8, the signal converter 22 includes: a signal amplifier 221 for amplifying a predetermined gain amplified by the voltage output from the preprocessor; A reference voltage adjuster 222 adjusts a reference voltage level of the signal output from the signal amplifier 221.

증폭한다.As illustrated in FIG. 8, the signal amplifier 221 may include a first op amp 2210 having a non-inverting (+) input terminal connected to a positive (+) voltage output terminal of the preprocessor 21. A second op amp 2211 connected to a negative (−) signal output terminal of the preprocessor 21 and one end thereof is connected to an inverting (−) input terminal of the first op amp 2210. And the other end of the first resistor 2212 connected to the inverting (−) input terminal of the second op amp 2211, one end of which is connected to an output terminal of the first op amp 2210, and the other end of the first op amp 2211. A second resistor 2213 connected to an inverting input terminal of 2210, a third end connected to an output terminal of the second op amp 2211 and another end connected to an inverting input terminal of the second op amp 2211 The resistor 2214, one end of the fourth resistor 2215 connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier 2210, and one end of the second operational amplifier 2211. A third op amp 2217 connected to a fifth resistor 2216 connected to an output terminal, an inverting input terminal connected to the other end of the fourth resistor 2215, and a non-inverting input terminal connected to the other end of the fifth resistor 2216, A sixth resistor 2218 having one end connected to an inverting input terminal of the third op amp 2217 and the other end connected to an output terminal of the third op amp 2217, and one end of the third op amp 2217. The fourth resistor 2215 and the fifth resistor 2216 have the same value as the seventh resistor 2219 connected to the non-inverting input terminal, and the sixth resistor 2218 and the seventh resistor 2219 are equal to each other. When the values are the same, the signal amplifier 221 outputs the voltage output from the preprocessor 21.

Amplify.

As illustrated in FIG. 8, the reference voltage adjuster 222 has an eighth resistor 2221 and a cathode terminal connected to an eighth resistor 2221 and an anode terminal grounded. Zener diode 2222, one end of the variable resistor 2223 is connected to the cathode (Cathode) terminal of the Zener diode 2222 (Zener Diode), one end is connected to the other end of the variable resistor 2223 and the other end is grounded A fourth op amp connected with a ninth resistor 2224 and an inverting input terminal and an output terminal, a non-inverting input terminal connected to a divided output terminal of the variable resistor 2223, and an output terminal connected to the seventh resistor 2219. The variable resistor 2223 divides the zener voltage of the zener diode 2222 through a voltage divider output stage, and outputs the divided resistor 2223, and the fourth op amp 2225 outputs the voltage divider output stage of the variable resistor 2223. Seventh resistor (2219) without attenuating the voltage output from the The signal amplifier 221 uses the voltage output from the reference voltage adjuster 222 as a reference offset voltage.

이후의 신호를 감쇄한다.As illustrated in FIG. 8, the current measurement side noise canceling unit 23 includes a tenth resistor 231 having an input terminal connected to an output terminal of the signal converter 22, and an input terminal of the tenth resistor 231. An eleventh resistor 232 connected to an output terminal, a fifth op amp 233 connected to an inverting input terminal and an output terminal, one electrode is connected to an output terminal of the tenth resistor 231, and the other electrode is connected to the fifth op amp. The signal includes a third capacitor 234 connected to the inverting input terminal of 233 and a fourth capacitor 235 connected to an output terminal of the eleventh resistor 232 and the other electrode grounded; Of the signals output from the converter 22

Attenuate subsequent signals.

As shown in FIG. 8, the current measuring circuit protection unit 24 measures an electric current at which an anode terminal is connected to an output terminal of the current measuring side noise attenuating unit 23 and a cathode is powered. A side circuit protection diode 241 is included.

As illustrated in FIG. 8, the current measurement side signal attenuation prevention circuit unit 25 is connected to an inverting input terminal and an output terminal, and a non-inverting input terminal is connected to the current measurement side noise attenuation unit 23 to measure the current. And a current measurement side op amp 251 for transmitting the signal output from the side noise attenuator 23 to the central controller 4 without attenuation.

As illustrated in FIG. 9, the power supply unit 7 includes an NPN transistor 71 in which DC power is supplied to a collector terminal, and a cathode terminal of an emitter of the NPN transistor 71. A reflux diode 72 connected to the terminal and the anode terminal grounded, a power supply side inductor 73 connected to an emitter terminal of the NPN transistor 71, and one electrode of the power supply side inductor A power supply-side capacitor 74 connected to the output terminal of 73 and the other electrode grounded, and switching element control means 75 for supplying a pulse signal having a constant frequency and duty ratio to a base terminal of the NPN transistor 71. And a ripple reduction circuit unit 76 connected to an output terminal of the power supply side inductor 73 to reduce ripple of power output from the power supply side inductor 73.

The power supply unit 7 lowers the DC voltage input to the power supply unit 7 in accordance with the duty ratio of the pulse signal input to the base terminal of the NPN transistor 71, and reduces the voltage of the pulse signal input to the base terminal. Ripple intensity output from the power supply 7 is adjusted according to the frequency.

For example, when the duty ratio is high, the output voltage of the power supply 7 is close to the voltage input to the power supply 7, while when the duty ratio is low, the output voltage of the power supply 7 is low.

In addition, when the frequency of the pulse signal is increased, the ripple of the voltage output from the power supply unit 7 is lowered, while when the frequency of the pulse signal is lowered, the ripple of the voltage output from the power supply unit 7 is reduced. Minutes increase.

Intelligent solar module failure diagnosis device (A) according to the present invention having such a configuration is installed in each solar module 1: 1 to measure the temperature and output voltage and output current of the solar module in real time.

In addition, the present invention generates an alarm signal is determined to be a failure of the photovoltaic module when the measured temperature, output voltage and output current of the photovoltaic module is out of the set reference value.

In addition, the present invention transmits the measured temperature, the output voltage and the output current of the solar module to the failure diagnosis server through a wireless network, the administrator can check whether the solar module is broken using a portable terminal even at a remote location.

Therefore, the intelligent photovoltaic module failure diagnosis device (A) according to the present invention diagnoses the state of the photovoltaic module in real time so that there is no disruption to the photovoltaic power generation, and makes it possible to immediately detect the failed photovoltaic module. Easy maintenance of the module.

In addition, the present invention allows the facility manager to easily monitor the status of the solar module through a portable terminal even at a remote location away from the solar module.

A. Intelligent Solar Module Fault Diagnosis Device
1. Temperature measurement module 11. Temperature sensing unit
111. Temperature sensor side voltage divider 112. Temperature sensor
113. AC signal bypass circuit section 114. Output voltage range adjustment section
1141. Output voltage range adjustment resistor 12. Primary noise reduction unit
121. First resistor for noise reduction 122. First capacitor for noise reduction
13. Temperature measuring circuit protection circuit 131. Temperature measuring circuit protection diode
14. Temperature attenuation signal attenuation prevention circuit
141. Op amp on the temperature measurement side 2. Output current measurement module
21. Preprocessor 22. Signal converter
221. Signal amplifier 2210. First op amp
2211.2nd op amp 2212.1st resistor
2213. Second Resistance 2214. Third Resistance
2215. Fourth resistor 2216. Fifth resistor
2217. Third op amp 2218. Sixth resistor
2219. Seventh resistor 222. Reference voltage adjuster
2221.The eighth resistor 2222.Zener diodes
2223. Variable resistors 2224. Ninth resistors
2225. Fourth operational amplifier 9. Address setting unit
23. Noise reduction part of current measurement side 231. Tenth resistance
232. Eleventh Resistor 233. Fifth Op Amp
234. Third Capacitor 235. Fifth Capacitor
24. Circuit for protection of current measurement side 241. Diode for protection of current measurement circuit
25. Signal attenuation prevention circuit part of current measurement side
251. Op amp on current measurement side 3. Output voltage measurement module
31. Division circuit section 6. Wireless communication module
311. First voltage divider resistor 312. Second voltage divider resistor
32. Smoothing part 321. Smoothing capacitor
33. Noise reduction part of voltage measurement side 331. Second resistor for noise reduction
332. Second capacitor for noise reduction 34. Protection circuit part of voltage measurement side
341.Surface protection diodes for voltage measurement
35. Voltage attenuation prevention circuit part
351. Op amp in voltage measurement side 4. Central control unit
7. Power Supply 71. NPN Transistor
72. Free-wheel diode 73. Power supply side inductor
74. Capacitors on the power supply side 75. Switching element control means
76. Ripple Reduction Circuit Section 8. Indicator
81.LED 82.LED Driver
821.LED Protection Resistors 822.NPN Transistors

Claims (6)

In the intelligent photovoltaic module failure diagnosis device (A), which is installed in a photovoltaic module that generates electrical energy using incident solar light and diagnoses a failure of the photovoltaic module,
The intelligent photovoltaic module failure diagnosis device (A) includes a temperature measuring module (1) for measuring the temperature of the photovoltaic module;
An output current measuring module (2) measuring current output from the solar module;
An output voltage measuring module (3) for measuring a voltage output from the solar module;
Converting the measured value input from the temperature measuring module 1 into the temperature value of the solar module, converting the measured value input from the output current measuring module 2 into the output current value of the solar module, The measured value received from the output voltage measuring module 3 is converted into an output voltage value of the photovoltaic module, and the temperature value of the converted photovoltaic module, the output current value of the photovoltaic module, and the output voltage value are set. A central control unit 4 for diagnosing a failure of the photovoltaic module in comparison with the normal reference value of the photovoltaic module;
A wireless communication module (6) for wirelessly transmitting a temperature value of the photovoltaic module, the output current value of the photovoltaic module and the output voltage value of the photovoltaic module transmitted from the central controller (4) to a failure diagnosis server;
And a power supply unit 7 for supplying power to the temperature measuring module 1, the output current measuring module 2, the output voltage measuring module 3, the central control unit 4, and the wireless communication module 6. under,
The temperature measuring module 1 includes a temperature sensing unit 11 that senses the temperature of the solar module and outputs a voltage signal proportional to or inversely proportional to the sensed temperature;
Primary noise reduction unit 12 for attenuating noise components of the signal output from the temperature sensing unit 11,
A temperature measurement side protection circuit 13 for protecting the voltage output from the primary noise reduction unit 12 from exceeding 3.3 V or 5 V;
And a temperature measurement-side signal attenuation prevention circuit unit 14 to allow the voltage output from the primary noise reduction unit 12 to be input to the central control unit 4 without being attenuated.
The temperature sensing unit 11 includes a voltage sensor side voltage divider 111 connected to an input terminal of a power source,
A temperature sensor 112 having a resistance value changed according to the temperature of the photovoltaic module, one end of which is connected to the temperature sensor side voltage divider 111 and the other end of which is grounded;
An AC signal bypass circuit unit 113 which bypasses and sends an AC signal output from the connection point of the temperature sensor side voltage divider 111 and the temperature sensor 112 to ground,
And an output voltage range adjusting unit 114 for increasing or decreasing a voltage change range output from the temperature sensing unit 11.
The output voltage range adjusting unit 114 is connected to a connection point of the temperature sensor side voltage divider 111 and the temperature sensor 112, and the other end of the output voltage range adjusting unit 114 has a high resistance value. In addition, the width of the voltage change output from the temperature sensing unit 11 also increases.
The output voltage measuring module 3 divides the voltage output from the photovoltaic module to measure the voltage output from the photovoltaic module and divides the voltage down by a predetermined ratio, and
Smoothing unit 32 for lowering the ripple factor (Ripple Factor) of the signal output from the voltage divider circuit 31,
A voltage measuring side noise attenuating unit 33 for attenuating noise components output from the smoothing unit 32,
A voltage measurement-side protection circuit unit 34 for restricting the voltage output from the voltage measurement-side noise attenuator 33 not to exceed 3.3V or 5V;
And a voltage measuring side signal attenuation preventing circuit unit 35 for inputting the voltage output from the voltage measuring side protection circuit unit 34 to the central control unit 4 without being attenuated.
The voltage dividing circuit part 31 includes a first voltage dividing series resistor part 311 in which two or more resistors are connected in series and an input terminal is connected to an output positive (+) terminal of the solar module;
A second voltage divider resistor 312 having one end connected to an output terminal of the first voltage dividing series resistor portion 311 and the other end grounded;
The first divided series resistance unit 311 has two or more resistors connected in series to lower the current input from the solar module, and dissipates heat through two or more resistors connected in series.
The central control unit 4 measures the measured value input from the temperature measuring module 1, the measured value input from the output current measuring module 2, and the measured value input from the output voltage measuring module 3. Convert the digital data into digital data and convert the converted digital data into the temperature of the solar module, the voltage value and the current value output from the solar module,
The central controller 4 stores the converted digital data in 10 or more buffers and overcomes the stored 10 or more data in order to overcome the phenomenon of incorrect sensing data coming from the chattering phenomenon. The average value is used as the final sensing value.
The wireless communication module 6 uses a LoRa wireless communication scheme,
The wireless communication module 6 uses a frequency band of 922.1 MHz to 923.3 MHz,
The output current measuring module 2 may reduce the current output from the photovoltaic module to a predetermined ratio and convert the lowered current into a voltage proportional to the current in order to measure the current output from the photovoltaic module. )Wow,
A signal converter 22 which amplifies the voltage output from the preprocessor 21 by a predetermined gain and adjusts a reference voltage level of the amplified signal;
A current measurement side noise attenuator 23 for attenuating noise components output from the signal converter 22,
A current measurement-side circuit protection unit 24 for protecting the voltage output from the current measurement-side noise attenuator 23 not to exceed 3.3V or 5V,
And a current measurement side signal attenuation prevention circuit unit 25 which allows the voltage output from the current measurement side noise attenuation unit 23 to be transmitted to the central controller 4 without being attenuated.
The signal converter 22 includes a signal amplifier 221 for amplifying a predetermined gain a voltage output from the preprocessor,
A reference voltage adjuster 222 for adjusting a reference voltage level of the signal output from the signal amplifier 221,
The signal amplifier 221 may include a first op amp 2210 having a non-inverting (+) input terminal connected to a positive (+) voltage output terminal of the preprocessor 21;
A second op amp 2211 having a non-inverting (+) input terminal connected to the negative signal output terminal of the preprocessor 21;
A first resistor 2212 having one end connected to an inverting (−) input terminal of the first operational amplifier 2210 and the other end connected to an inverting (−) input terminal of the second operational amplifier 2211,
A second resistor 2213 having one end connected to an output terminal of the first operational amplifier 2210 and the other end connected to an inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier 2210,
A third resistor 2214, one end of which is connected to an output terminal of the second operational amplifier 2211 and the other end of which is connected to an inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier 2211,
A fourth resistor 2215, one end of which is connected to an output terminal of the first operational amplifier 2210,
A fifth resistor 2216, one end of which is connected to an output terminal of the second op amp 2211,
A third op amp 2215 connected with an inverting input terminal to the other end of the fourth resistor 2215 and a non-inverting input terminal connected to the other end of the fifth resistor 2216,
A sixth resistor 2218 having one end connected to an inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier 2217 and the other end connected to an output terminal of the third operational amplifier 2217,
A seventh resistor (2219), one end of which is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the third op amp 2217,
When the value of the fourth resistor 2215 and the fifth resistor 2216 are the same, and the value of the sixth resistor 2218 and the seventh resistor 2219 is the same, the signal amplifier 221 is a preprocessor ( The voltage output from

Amplify,
The reference voltage adjustor 222 may include an eighth resistor 2221 to which an input terminal is connected.
A zener diode 2222 having a cathode terminal connected to the eighth resistor 2221 and an anode terminal grounded;
Variable resistor 2223, one end of which is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode 2222,
A ninth resistor 2224 having one end connected to the other end of the variable resistor 2223 and the other end grounded;
And a fourth op amp 2225 having an inverting input terminal and an output terminal connected thereto, a non-inverting input terminal connected to the divided output terminal of the variable resistor 2223, and an output terminal connected to the seventh resistor 2219.
The variable resistor 2223 divides the zener voltage of the zener diode 2222 through a voltage divider output stage and outputs the divided voltage, and the fourth op amp 2225 outputs the voltage output from the voltage divider output stage of the variable resistor 2223 without attenuation. The signal amplifier 221 uses the voltage output from the reference voltage adjuster 222 as a reference offset voltage.
The power supply unit 7 includes an NPN transistor 71 to which DC power is supplied to a collector terminal,
A flyback diode 72 having a cathode terminal connected to an emitter terminal of the NPN transistor 71 and an anode terminal grounded;
A power supply-side inductor 73 having an input terminal connected to an emitter terminal of the NPN transistor 71;
A power supply capacitor 74 having one electrode connected to an output terminal of the power supply side inductor 73 and the other electrode grounded;
Switching element control means (75) for supplying a pulse signal having a constant frequency and duty ratio to a base terminal of the NPN transistor (71),
An intelligent photovoltaic module fault diagnosis device, comprising: a ripple reduction circuit unit 76 connected to an output terminal of the power supply side inductor 73 to reduce ripple of power output from the power supply side inductor 73. .
According to claim 1,
The intelligent photovoltaic module failure diagnosis device (A) is a temperature value of the solar module converted by the central control unit 4, the output current value of the photovoltaic module, the output voltage value of the photovoltaic module is An indicator 8 for generating an alarm signal according to a control signal of the central control unit 4 when the normal reference value set in the central control unit 4 is out of the range;
Intelligent photovoltaic module failure diagnosis device further comprises an address setting unit (9) for setting a unique address of the intelligent photovoltaic module failure diagnosis device (A).
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