KR102037801B1 - Turbine blade for small hydro power and turbine comprising the same - Google Patents

Abstract

According to an embodiment, a turbine blade for small hydro power comprises: an entering collar inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to a flat surface including a rotating shaft of a turbine; a guide unit connected to a lower end of the entering collar, having a curved shape, and guiding a fluid entering the entering collar in a radial direction or downwards; and a lower discharge collar formed to extend to the rear from a lower end of the guide unit, and discharging the fluid rearwards.

Description

Turbine blades for hydroelectric power generation and turbines including the same {TURBINE BLADE FOR SMALL HYDRO POWER AND TURBINE COMPRISING THE SAME}

The following description relates to a turbine blade for hydropower generation and a turbine comprising the same.

Global warming due to energy shortages and carbon dioxide emissions due to the depletion of fossil fuels is a major problem for humans. Development of alternative energy such as solar, wind or tidal power is active, but the proportion of alternative energy to total energy consumption is very small. In addition, there is a problem that the production cost of alternative energy is too high compared to the existing method.

The present invention relates to a turbine suitable for small scale hydro power generation. The eastern regions of the continent, which are relatively rich in precipitation, especially in Southeast Asia, are flowing in the middle and lower altitudes, losing valleys as they flow down and losing their viable fall. For this reason, low-flow large-flow hydroelectric power generation using large-scale dams and artificial lakes in the downstream, or the high-dropping power generation using the euro-modified development site rarely found in the midstream. On the other hand, in recent years, in some regions, such as China, the United States, and the Himalayas, small-scale or ultra-hydroelectric power generation using hydro resources with a drop of 100 m or less and a flow rate of less than tens of liters per second has been developed. Such small hydroelectric power generation or micro hydroelectric power generation cost is lower than that of thermal power generation, and when generating energy over a large area, the total power generation is much larger than the existing hydroelectric power generation.

Most hydroelectric power generation uses Pelton's or popping aberrations, which are small to medium sized hydro turbines. Pelton and Turgo aberrations are employed in small hydro power plants because they have 80-90% efficiency in medium and large power plants. . Since the flow velocity at the nozzle is proportional to the half power of the drop, the smaller the drop at the same flow rate, the larger the diameter of the nozzle. This means that the smaller the drop, the larger the area the turbine blades must hit, and eventually, the smaller the blade, the larger the blade should be. Since this is difficult to realize in practice, the turbine efficiency of hydrophobic power generation is lowered by about 60%. Accordingly, there is a need to develop a turbine for small hydro power generation.

The background art described above is possessed or acquired by the inventors in the derivation process of the present invention, and is not necessarily a publicly known technology disclosed to the general public before the application of the present invention.

It is an object of an embodiment to provide a turbine blade for a small hydro power generation, which has high efficiency, and is easy to install and operate, and a turbine including the same.

Turbine blades for hydrophobic power generation according to an embodiment, the entrance feather inclined at an angle toward the fluid entering the upper; A guide part connected to a lower end of the entry feather and having a curved shape and guiding a fluid entering the entrance feather in a radial direction or downward direction; And a lower discharge feather extending rearward from the lower end of the guide part and discharging the fluid to the rear.

The turbine blade for hydrophobic power generation is connected to the inner end of the entry blade and the guide portion, has a curved shape extending rearward, the inner discharge blade for discharging the fluid guided in the direction toward the rotation axis of the turbine to the rear It may further include.

The turbine blade for hydrophobic power generation has a curved shape that is connected to an outer end of the turbine and extends backward, and discharges a fluid guided in a direction away from a rotational axis of the turbine to the rear. It may further include.

The entrance collar may include an entrance body receiving power from the fluid; And an entry groove provided at an outer end of the entry body and provided above the outer discharge feather.

The end of the entry groove may have a tip shape that narrows toward the end.

The entry vanes may be inclined at 60 to 80 degrees with respect to the auxiliary line parallel to the axis of rotation of the turbine.

The turbine blade for hydrophobic power generation may further include a discharge guide vane protruding from the lower discharge feather and narrowing closer to the guide portion.

The discharge guide feather may be provided in plurality in the width direction of the lower discharge feather.

Turbine according to an embodiment, the body rotatable around the axis of rotation; And a plurality of hydrophobic power turbine blades connected to the body in a circumferential direction, wherein the hydrophobic power turbine blades include: an entrance feather inclined at an angle with respect to a plane including the rotation axis; A guide part connected to a lower end of the entry feather and having a curved shape and guiding a fluid entering the entrance feather in a radial direction or downward direction; And a lower discharge feather extending rearward from the lower end of the guide part and discharging the fluid to the rear.

The hydrophobic turbine blade further includes an inner discharge blade connected to the inner ends of the entry blade and the guide part, having a curved shape extending rearward, and discharging the fluid guided in the direction toward the rotating shaft to the rear. can do.

The hydrophobic turbine blades may further include an outer discharge blade connected to an outer end of the guide portion, having a curved shape extending rearward, and discharging fluid guided in a direction away from the rotating shaft to the rear. .

Turbine including a hydrophobic turbine blade for power generation according to an embodiment of the open type, the effective area of the nozzle is large and the installation angle is large, the installation and operation is easy.

In addition, the turbine including a hydrophobic turbine blade according to an embodiment is a low drop pavement hydraulic power suitable for hydrophobic and super hydropower can be scattered in large quantities in the natural world can efficiently harvest hydro resources.

In addition, a turbine including a hydrofoil turbine blade according to an embodiment has a low internal pressure of a conduit due to the characteristics of a low drop power generation system, so that the pipeline is concise and inexpensive due to its low internal pressure. to be.

In addition, a turbine including a hydrophobic turbine blade according to an embodiment may be stopped and removed at any time as a flow path maintenance method, rather than a flow path change method, thereby minimizing the impact on the ecosystem.

1 is a perspective view of a turbine according to an embodiment;
2 is a front perspective view of a hydrofoil turbine blade according to an embodiment.
3 is a front view of a turbine blade for hydrophobic power generation according to an embodiment.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of FIG. 3.
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cut line VV of FIG. 3.
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI of FIG. 3.
7 is a front view of a turbine blade for hydrophobic power generation according to an embodiment.
8 is a cross-sectional view of a turbine blade for hydrophobic power generation according to an embodiment.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In adding reference numerals to the components of each drawing, it should be noted that the same reference numerals are assigned to the same components as much as possible even though they are shown in different drawings. In addition, in describing the embodiment, when it is determined that the detailed description of the related well-known configuration or function interferes with the understanding of the embodiment, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In addition, in describing the components of the embodiment, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), and (b) may be used. These terms are only for distinguishing the components from other components, and the nature, order or order of the components are not limited by the terms. If a component is described as being "connected", "coupled" or "connected" to another component, that component may be directly connected or connected to that other component, but between components It will be understood that may be "connected", "coupled" or "connected".

Components included in any one embodiment and components including common functions will be described using the same names in other embodiments. Unless stated to the contrary, the description in any one embodiment may be applied to other embodiments, and detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted in the overlapping range.

1 is a perspective view of a turbine according to an embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a front perspective view of a turbine blade for hydrophobic power generation according to an embodiment.

1 and 2, the turbine 100 may include a body 90 and a plurality of hydrophobic turbine blades 1. Hereinafter, for convenience of description, the turbine blade 1 for hydrophobic power generation will be referred to as the turbine blade 1.

The body 90 may rotate about the rotation axis L1 of the turbine 100. The body 90 can support a plurality of turbine blades 1. The body 90 may rotate in impact on the plurality of turbine blades 1. For example, the body 90 may be circular or polygonal plate shape. For example, the body 90 may be manufactured integrally with the plurality of turbine blades 1.

The plurality of turbine blades 1 may rotate in the circumferential direction by the fluid injected from the nozzle. For example, the plurality of turbine blades 1 may be fixed to the body 90 to rotate clockwise with reference to FIG. 1. For example, when the rotation axis L1 is orthogonal to the ground, the direction of movement of the turbine blades 1 may be parallel to the ground. The plurality of turbine blades 1 may be arranged in the body 90 in the circumferential direction. For example, the plurality of turbine blades 1 may be arranged at equal intervals. For example, eight turbine blades 1 may be connected to the body 90 to form 45 degrees with respect to the rotation axis L1. For example, the turbine blade 1 may be formed of a metal such as stainless steel or a polymer material such as PCV or PE.

The nozzle for ejecting the fluid to the turbine 100 may be installed at an oblique angle with the radial direction on the circumferential surface of the turbine 100. Accordingly, the nozzle can deliver a large amount of fluid to the turbine 100 with a wide installation angle.

The upper portion of the turbine blade 1 can allow the fluid ejected from the nozzle to smoothly enter without immediately flowing back. The central portion of the turbine blade 1 can cause the introduced fluid to flow inward or outward along the radial direction, exerting centrifugal and Coriolis forces in the process to transfer power to the turbine. The inner and outer sides and the lower portion of the turbine blade 1 can allow water to be discharged in a direction opposite to the rotational direction of the turbine blade 1, allowing more power to be transmitted to the turbine. The turbine blade 1 may comprise an entry vane 11, a guide portion 12, a lower discharge vane 13, an inner discharge vane 14, an outer discharge vane 15 and a connecting member 18.

The entry vane 11 may be a portion in which the fluid ejected from the nozzle directly collides with each other. The entry vane 11 may have a shape inclined toward the fluid ejected from the nozzle. For example, the entry vane 11 may be inclined at an angle with respect to the plane including the axis of rotation L1 of the turbine 100. Due to this shape, the fluid impinging on the entry vane 11 does not immediately jump out, but can flow along the entry vane 11 while transmitting power on the entry vane 11. The fluid ejected from the nozzle can efficiently transmit power to the entry vane 11. The entry feather 11 may include an entrance body 111 and an entrance groove 112.

The entry vane 11 can accept a classification inclined at an angle of about 30 to 60 degrees with the tangent of the turbine circumference. For example, the angle θ1 between the auxiliary line L2 parallel to the tangential direction of the turbine circumference and the jet may be between 30 degrees and 60 degrees. Since the fractionation may enter the entry vane 11 at an angle of 30 to 60 degrees, the installation position of the nozzle may be relatively unlimited, and the nozzle may eject a large amount of fluid into the entry vane 11. Do.

The entry body 111 may be a portion where the fluid ejected from the nozzle directly contacts. The entry body 111 may have a shape in which the height is lowered toward both ends. Through such a shape, the entrance body 111 can efficiently receive the fluid ejected from the nozzle, while minimizing the area of the portion where the fluid does not touch or flow, thereby realizing the weight reduction of the turbine blade 1.

The entry groove 112 may be provided at an outer end of the entry body 111. The entry groove 112 may be provided above the outer discharge feather 15 to be described later. The entry groove 112 may assist the fluid ejected from the nozzle to efficiently enter the entry body 111. Fluid ejected from the nozzle may pass through the entry groove 112 and impinge on the entry body 111.

The guide part 12 is connected to the lower end of the entry feather 11, has a curved shape, and may guide the fluid entering the entry feather 11 in the radial direction or the downward direction. The fluid entering the entry vane 11 may flow through the guide portion 12 to the lower discharge vane 13, the inner discharge vane 14, or the outer discharge vane 15. Based on the traveling direction of the turbine blade 1, the guide portion 12 may have a plate shape convex toward the traveling direction. The fluid entering the entrance vane 11 flows in the same direction as the traveling direction of the turbine blade 1, and the traveling direction is changed in the guide part 12 so as to flow in the direction opposite to the traveling direction of the turbine blade 1. . While the traveling direction of the fluid is changed in the guide portion 12, the momentum of the fluid can be transmitted to the guide portion 12 efficiently.

The lower discharge feather 13 may have a curved shape extending rearward from the bottom of the guide portion 12. The entry vane 11, the guide portion 12 and the lower discharge vane 13 may be curved. The fluid entering the entry vane 11 may flow along the guide portion 12 and then flow along the lower discharge vane 13 to be discharged backwards. Here, "rear" means a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the turbine blade (1). For example, the end of the lower discharge feather 13 can be orthogonal to the axis of rotation L1 of the turbine blade 1. Since the fluid discharged through the lower discharge feather 13 is discharged to the rear, the fluid can effectively transmit power to the turbine blade (1).

The inner discharge collar 14 is connected to the inner ends of the entry collar 11 and the guide portion 12 and may have a curved shape extending rearward. Here, the "inner end" means an end proximate to the rotation axis L1 based on the radial direction. The entry vane 11 and the inner discharge vane 14 may be curved, and the guide portion 12 and the inner discharge vane 14 may be curved. Some of the fluid entering the entrance vane 11 may flow along the inner discharge vane 14 and be discharged backwards, and another part of the fluid entering the entrance vane 11 may flow along the guide portion 12. After that, it may flow along the inner discharge feather 14 and be discharged backward. Since the fluid discharged through the inner discharge vane 14 is discharged backward, the fluid can effectively transmit power to the turbine blade 1.

The outer discharge feather 15 is connected to the outer end of the guide portion 12 and may have a curved shape extending rearward. Here, the "outer end" means an end far from the rotational axis L1 with respect to the radial direction. The entry feather 11, the guide portion 12 and the outer discharge feather 15 may be curved. Some of the fluid entering the entry vane 11 may flow along the guide portion 12 and then flow along the outer discharge vane 15 to be discharged backwards. Since the fluid discharged through the outer discharge feather 15 is discharged to the rear, the fluid can effectively transmit power to the turbine blade (1).

The connecting member 18 may protrude from the inner end of the turbine blade 1 toward the axis of rotation L1. The connecting member 18 may be fixed to the body 90.

3 is a front view of the turbine blade for hydrophobic power generation according to an embodiment, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cut line IV-IV of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a cut along the cut line V-V of FIG. 3. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cut line VI-VI of FIG. 3.

3 to 6, there is shown a target T to which the fluid ejected from the nozzle is hit. Fluid hitting the target T may flow downward along the entry vane 11. The entry vane 11 may be inclined at an angle with respect to the auxiliary line L3 parallel to the axis of rotation of the turbine. For example, the entry vane 11 may be inclined at 60 to 80 degrees with respect to the auxiliary line L3. For example, an angle θ2 formed between the plane including the target T and the auxiliary line L3 may be 60 degrees to 80 degrees. In this case, the entry vane 11 can reduce or almost eliminate the reflow of fluid ejected from the nozzle toward the target T, and can minimize the power wasted due to the reflow.

Some of the fluid entering the target T may flow along the first flow path F1 and be discharged to the outside. The first flow path F1 may be a curved path connected along the entry vane 11, the guide part 12, and the lower discharge vane 13. The fluid may be discharged in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation R of the turbine blade 1. Fluid can be discharged from the turbine blades 1 after maximum transmission of power on the turbine blades 1.

Another part of the fluid entering toward the target T may flow along the second flow path F2 and be discharged to the outside. The second flow path F2 is connected along a curved path (see FIG. 5) connected along the entry vane 11 and the inner discharge blade 14, or along the guide portion 12 and the inner discharge blade 14. It may be a curved path (see FIG. 6). The fluid has the property of going straight due to inertia, since the turbine blade 1 is radially shaped so that the fluid flows inward along the turbine blade 1, ie along the second flow path F2. In this case, the rotational speed of the turbine blades 1 relative to the radial velocity of the fluid can be relatively reduced. At this time, the fluid can act against this force to push the turbine blades 1 in the rotational direction. The fluid flowing along the second flow path F2 may be discharged in a direction opposite to the rotational direction R of the turbine blade 1. Fluid can be discharged from the turbine blades 1 after maximum transmission of power on the turbine blades 1.

Another portion of the fluid entering toward the target T may flow along the third flow path F3 and be discharged to the outside. The third flow path F3 may be a curved path connected along the entry vane 11, the guide part 12, and the outer discharge vane 15. The third flow path F3 may have a shape in which a gradient is formed in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the turbine blade 1 toward the outside. Due to this shape, centrifugal force may be applied to the fluid flowing along the third flow path F3, and the fluid may transmit the force in the direction of rotating the turbine blade 1. The fluid may be discharged in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation R of the turbine blade 1. Fluid can be discharged from the turbine blades 1 after maximum transmission of power on the turbine blades 1.

An end of the entry groove 112 may be a tip shape. In other words, the edge of the entrance groove 112 may have a pointed shape that narrows toward the end. Due to this shape, when the fluid ejected from the nozzle hits the end of the entry groove 112, the fluid can be severely bent so as not to hit the next wing, thereby minimizing the loss of jumping out of the turbine. For example, the turbine blade which the fluid blown from a nozzle for the first time among the plurality of turbine blades 1 collides with is called a 1st turbine blade, and the turbine blade arrange | positioned in front of the 1st turbine blade based on the rotation direction of a turbine blade. Is a second turbine blade, some of the fluid ejected from the nozzle flows along the first turbine blade and transmits power to the first turbine blade, and the other is separated by the inlet groove 112 to separate the second turbine blade. Can bump into The tip shape of the inlet groove 112 can minimize the power lost in the course of changing the turbine blades impinging on the fluid.

7 is a front view of the hydrophobic power turbine blades according to an embodiment, Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the hydrophobic power turbine blades according to an embodiment.

Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, the turbine blades 2 include an entry vane 11, a guide portion 12, a lower discharge vane 13, an inner discharge vane 14, an outer discharge vane 15, a connecting member. 18 and the discharge guide vane 16.

The discharge guide vane 16 may protrude from the lower discharge vane 13. The discharge guide vane 16 may receive power once more while guiding the fluid flowing from the guide portion 12 toward the lower discharge vane 13. For example, the discharge guide vane 16 may have a shape that becomes narrower as it approaches the guide 12. The fluid may exert a force to rotate the turbine blades 2 in the rotational direction while flowing along the left or right side of the discharge guide vane 16. A plurality of discharge guide feather 16 may be provided in the width direction of the lower discharge feather (13).

Although embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings as described above, various modifications and variations are possible to those skilled in the art from the above description. For example, the described techniques may be performed in a different order than the described method, and / or components of the described structure, apparatus, etc. may be combined or combined in a different form than the described method, or may be combined with other components or equivalents. Appropriate results can be achieved even if they are replaced or substituted.

Claims (11)

An entrance collar inclined at an angle toward a fluid into which an upper portion enters, and including an entrance body receiving power from the fluid, and an entrance groove recessed in an outer end of the entrance body;
A guide part connected to a lower end of the entry feather and having a curved shape and guiding a fluid entering the entrance feather in a radial direction or downward direction; And
A lower discharge collar extending rearward from the lower end of the guide part and discharging the fluid to the rear;
An inner discharge collar connected to the inner ends of the entry vane and the guide part, the inner discharge collar having a curved shape extending rearward and discharging a fluid guided in a direction toward the rotation axis of the turbine to the rear; And
An outer discharge collar connected to an outer end of the turbine, having a curved shape extending rearward, for discharging a fluid guided in a direction away from a rotation axis of the turbine to the rear;
The entry groove is provided above the outer discharge feather,
The edge portion of the entrance groove has a pointed shape that narrows toward the end,
The entrance vane is a hydrophobic turbine blade for tilting 60 to 80 degrees with respect to the auxiliary line parallel to the axis of rotation of the turbine. delete delete delete delete delete The method of claim 1,
And a discharge guide vane which protrudes from the lower discharge vane and becomes narrower in proximity to the guide unit. The method of claim 7, wherein
The turbine guide for hydrophobic power generation is provided with a plurality of discharge guide feather in the width direction of the lower discharge feather. A body rotatable about an axis of rotation; And
It includes a plurality of hydrophobic turbine blades circumferentially connected to the body,
The turbine blade for hydrophobic power generation,
An entry collar inclined at an angle with respect to a plane including the rotating shaft and receiving power from a fluid, and an entrance groove recessed at an outer end of the entrance body;
A guide part connected to a lower end of the entry feather and having a curved shape and guiding a fluid entering the entrance feather in a radial direction or downward direction;
A lower discharge collar extending rearward from the lower end of the guide part and discharging the fluid to the rear;
An inner discharge collar connected to the inner ends of the entry vane and the guide part, the inner discharge collar having a curved shape extending rearward and discharging a fluid guided in a direction toward the rotation axis of the turbine to the rear; And
An outer discharge collar connected to an outer end of the turbine, having a curved shape extending rearward, for discharging a fluid guided in a direction away from a rotation axis of the turbine to the rear;
The entry groove is provided above the outer discharge feather,
The edge portion of the entrance groove has a pointed shape that narrows toward the end,
The entry vane is inclined 60 to 80 degrees with respect to the auxiliary line parallel to the axis of rotation of the turbine. delete delete

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