KR102012317B1 - Liquid crystal display and method for fabricating the same - Google Patents

Liquid crystal display and method for fabricating the same Download PDF

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Publication number
KR102012317B1
KR102012317B1 KR1020130000397A KR20130000397A KR102012317B1 KR 102012317 B1 KR102012317 B1 KR 102012317B1 KR 1020130000397 A KR1020130000397 A KR 1020130000397A KR 20130000397 A KR20130000397 A KR 20130000397A KR 102012317 B1 KR102012317 B1 KR 102012317B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
electrode
substrate
pixel
pixel electrode
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KR1020130000397A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20140088471A (en
Inventor
김경진
황정임
전지나
하경수
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엘지디스플레이 주식회사
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Priority to KR1020130000397A priority Critical patent/KR102012317B1/en
Priority to US14/108,643 priority patent/US9366920B2/en
Priority to CN201811147045.6A priority patent/CN109212810B/en
Priority to CN201310712861.8A priority patent/CN103913880A/en
Publication of KR20140088471A publication Critical patent/KR20140088471A/en
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Publication of KR102012317B1 publication Critical patent/KR102012317B1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement

Abstract

The present invention discloses a liquid crystal display device. According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal display and a manufacturing method thereof, comprising: a first substrate having pixel electrodes and a common electrode spaced apart from each other; And a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer formed on the first substrate, wherein the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer comprises a nanocapsule filled with a buffer layer and a liquid crystal molecule, and the width of the pixel electrode and the pixel. The ratio of the distance between the electrode and the common electrode is characterized in that formed from 1: 1 to 1: 7.
In the liquid crystal display device and the manufacturing method thereof of the present invention, a liquid crystal layer containing a nano-sized liquid crystal capsule is formed on a single substrate and a flexible substrate to improve the yield, and the formation of the alignment layer and the rubbing process can be omitted, thereby improving the efficiency of the process. Let's do it. In addition, the structure and driving method of the pixel electrode and the common electrode are improved to form an efficient driving voltage and transmittance.

Description

Liquid crystal display and its manufacturing method {Liquid crystal display and method for fabricating the same}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal display device and a method for manufacturing the same, which improve light leakage due to external force, simplify the process, and improve response speed.

In line with the recent information age, the display field has also been rapidly developed, and a liquid crystal display device (FPD) is a flat panel display device (FPD) having advantages of thinning, light weight, and low power consumption. LCD, plasma display panel device (PDP), electroluminescence display device (ELD), field emission display device (FED), etc. : It is rapidly replacing CRT.

Among them, liquid crystal display devices are most actively used in the field of notebooks, monitors, TVs, etc. because of their excellent contrast ratio and high contrast ratio.

A configuration of a general liquid crystal display device will be described with reference to FIG. 1.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal display device.

Referring to FIG. 1, a liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal panel in which an array substrate 10 and a color filter substrate 24 are bonded to each other with a liquid crystal layer 50 interposed therebetween. It has a configuration of the backlight 40 disposed below the pixel area (P) is defined on one surface of the first substrate 10, which is called a dual array substrate, the thin film transistor (Tr) in each pixel area (P) And a contact hole formed in the transparent pixel electrode 19 provided in each pixel region P and the interlayer insulating film 18. The thin film transistor Tr includes a gate electrode 12, a gate insulating layer 13, an active layer 14, ohmic contact layers 15a and 15b, a source electrode 16, and a drain electrode 17.

In addition, the second substrate 24 facing the liquid crystal layer 50 therebetween is called an upper substrate or a color filter substrate, and one surface thereof has a thin film transistor Tr of the first substrate 24. A lattice-like black matrix 22 is formed to surround the pixel region P so as to expose only the pixel electrode 19 while covering the non-display element of.

In addition, as an example, the R, red, G, and B color filters 23 and the transparent common electrode covering all of them are sequentially arranged to correspond to each pixel area P in the lattice. 21).

At this time, the outer surfaces of the first and second substrates 10 and 24 are attached with polarizing plates 11 and 25 for selectively transmitting only specific polarized light.

The liquid crystal layer 50 is interposed between the pixel electrode 19 and the common electrode 21 by interposing first and second alignment layers 20a and 20b each having a surface facing the liquid crystal in a predetermined direction. Evenly align the initial alignment of the molecules with the orientation.

In addition, a seal pattern 70 is formed along edges of both substrates 10 and 24 to prevent leakage of the liquid crystal layer 50 filled therebetween.

Since the liquid crystal display device does not have its own light emitting element, a separate light source is required. To this end, a backlight 40 is provided on the back of the liquid crystal panel to supply light.

Here, the liquid crystal layer 50 used in the liquid crystal display includes a nematic liquid crystal, a smectic liquid crystal, a cholesteric liquid crystal, and the like, and a nematic liquid crystal is mainly used.

On the other hand, such a liquid crystal display device has a low response speed and is accompanied by deterioration of image quality due to afterimages. In addition, there is a disadvantage in that too many processes are required to complete the liquid crystal display. Therefore, recently, researches on liquid crystal displays having high response speed and improved process efficiency have been actively conducted.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display and a method of manufacturing the same, forming a liquid crystal layer including a nano-sized liquid crystal capsule to prevent optical changes caused by external forces such as touch except an electric field and to prevent light leakage.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device including a nano-size liquid crystal capsule on a single substrate and a flexible substrate, to improve yield, and to simplify a process process and a method of manufacturing the same.

In addition, the present invention provides a liquid crystal display device and a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal layer including a nano-sized liquid crystal capsule, which eliminates the need for initial alignment with optical anisotropy, thereby eliminating the formation of an alignment layer and a rubbing process, thereby improving the efficiency of the process. There is another purpose.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device and a method of manufacturing the same, which are efficiently driven by lowering a driving voltage and increasing transmittance by improving the structure and driving method of a pixel electrode and a common electrode.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal display device including: a first substrate on which a pixel electrode and a common electrode are spaced apart from each other; And a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer formed on the first substrate, wherein the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer comprises a nanocapsule filled with a buffer layer and a liquid crystal molecule, and the width of the pixel electrode and the pixel. The ratio of the distance between the electrode and the common electrode is characterized in that formed from 1: 1 to 1: 7.

In addition, the liquid crystal display device manufacturing method of the present invention, forming a thin film transistor on the first substrate; Forming a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor and forming a common electrode spaced apart from the pixel electrode; And forming a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer on the first substrate and completing a liquid crystal panel, wherein the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer is formed of a nanocapsule filled with a buffer layer and liquid crystal molecules, and comprises a pixel electrode. The ratio of the width and the distance between the pixel electrode and the common electrode is characterized in that formed from 1: 1 to 1: 7.

The liquid crystal display device and the method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention have a first effect of forming a liquid crystal layer including a nano-sized liquid crystal capsule to prevent optical changes caused by external forces such as touch except an electric field and to prevent light leakage.

In addition, the liquid crystal display device and the method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention have a second effect of improving the yield by forming a liquid crystal layer including a nano-size liquid crystal capsule on a single substrate and a flexible substrate, and simplifying the process process.

In addition, the liquid crystal display device and the manufacturing method according to the present invention, since the liquid crystal layer containing the nano-sized liquid crystal capsule does not require the initial alignment with optical anisotropy, it is possible to omit the alignment film forming and rubbing process, thereby improving the efficiency of the process Has a third effect.

In addition, the liquid crystal display and the method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention have a fourth effect of efficiently driving by lowering the driving voltage and increasing the transmittance by improving the structure and driving method of the pixel electrode and the common electrode.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal display device.
2 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a view showing a method of forming a liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display of the present invention.
6A and 6B illustrate a conventional liquid crystal display device and a flexible substrate applied to the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.
7A and 7B illustrate the influence on the external force of the conventional liquid crystal display and the liquid crystal display of the present invention.
8 is a view showing a liquid crystal display device of the present invention.
9 is a diagram illustrating a driving voltage and a transmittance according to a ratio of an electrode width and a distance between electrodes.
10 is a diagram illustrating a driving voltage and transmittance according to the thickness of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer.
11A and 11B are views illustrating the protruding electrode.
12A and 12B illustrate driving voltages and transmittances according to heights of the protruding electrodes.
13 is a plan view showing a liquid crystal display of the present invention.
14A and 14B are diagrams illustrating voltage driving between a conventional liquid crystal display and a liquid crystal display according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are provided as examples to ensure that the spirit of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below and may be embodied in other forms. In the drawings, the size and thickness of the device may be exaggerated for convenience. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout.

2 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, in the liquid crystal display according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a first substrate 100 and a second substrate 200 are formed, and the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200 are formed. The liquid crystal panel includes a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 interposed therebetween. The first polarizing plate 110 and the second polarizing plate 210 are formed on each outer surface of the liquid crystal panel. In addition, the backlight 400 is formed on the rear surface of the liquid crystal panel.

In this case, the first substrate 100 is a thin film transistor substrate, and the second substrate 200 is formed as a color filter substrate.

Gate lines and data lines are formed on the first substrate 100 to vertically cross each other with a gate insulating layer interposed therebetween to define pixel regions. A thin film transistor including a gate electrode, a gate insulating film, a semiconductor layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode is formed in an intersection region of the gate wiring and the data wiring. The pixel electrode 150 in contact with the thin film transistor is formed in the pixel region of the first substrate 100. The common electrode 160 is formed to be spaced apart from the pixel electrode 150 by a predetermined distance.

A lattice-shaped black matrix is formed on the second substrate 200 so as to cover a non-display area such as a gate wiring, a data wiring, and a thin film transistor on the first substrate 100. The red 201a, green 201b, and blue 201c color filters are sequentially formed on the second substrate 200 to correspond to the pixel area.

3 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, in the liquid crystal display according to the second exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a first substrate 100 and a second substrate 200 are formed, and the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200 are formed. The liquid crystal panel includes a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 interposed therebetween. The first polarizing plate 110 and the second polarizing plate 210 are formed on each outer surface of the liquid crystal panel. In addition, the backlight 400 is formed on the rear surface of the liquid crystal panel.

In this case, the first substrate 100 is formed of a color filter on transistor (COT) structure including a thin film transistor and a color filter.

Gate lines and data lines are formed on the first substrate 100 to vertically cross each other with a gate insulating layer interposed therebetween to define a pixel area. A thin film transistor including a gate electrode, a gate insulating film, a semiconductor layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode is formed in an intersection region of the gate wiring and the data wiring. A passivation layer is formed on the thin film transistor, and a red (101a), green (101b), and blue (101c) color filter layer is sequentially formed on the passivation layer.

The pixel electrode 150 in contact with the thin film transistor is formed in the pixel region of the first substrate 100. The common electrode 160 is formed to be spaced apart from the pixel electrode 150 by a predetermined distance. In this case, in order to improve the aperture ratio and simplify the mask process, the black matrix may be omitted, and the common electrode 160 may be formed to serve as the black matrix. In the case of a liquid crystal display including a liquid crystal panel having a COT structure, the second substrate 200 may be omitted.

4 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, in the liquid crystal display according to the third exemplary embodiment, a first substrate 100 is formed as a lower substrate, and a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 is formed on the first substrate 100. It includes a liquid crystal panel. The first polarizing plate 110 and the second polarizing plate 210 are formed on each outer surface of the liquid crystal panel. In addition, the backlight 400 is formed on the rear surface of the liquid crystal panel.

Gate lines and data lines are formed on the first substrate 100 to vertically cross each other with a gate insulating layer interposed therebetween to define pixel regions. A thin film transistor including a gate electrode, a gate insulating film, a semiconductor layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode is formed in an intersection region of the gate wiring and the data wiring. The pixel electrode 150 in contact with the thin film transistor is formed in the pixel region of the first substrate 100. The common electrode 160 is formed to be spaced apart from the pixel electrode 150 by a predetermined distance.

In this case, the upper substrate may be omitted. The second polarizing plate 210 may be formed to contact the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300. In addition, the backlight 400 uses a light source having red 401a, green 401b, and blue 401c. Therefore, color can be expressed using a light source, and the color filter layer can also be omitted.

The overall thickness of the liquid crystal display device can be reduced, and since a separate process for bonding the second substrate and the first substrate 100 is not required, the efficiency of the process can be greatly improved.

That is, in the liquid crystal display according to the first to third embodiments of the present invention, only the configuration of the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200 is different, and other configurations have the same characteristics. The features of the same configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4.

2 to 4, the back surface of the liquid crystal panel is provided with a backlight 400 for supplying light. The backlight 400 is classified into a side type and a direct type according to the position of a light source emitting light. The photometric type refracts the light of the light source emitted from one side of the rear side with respect to the liquid crystal panel by a separate light guide plate to enter the liquid crystal panel. In addition, the direct type emits light by directly placing a plurality of light sources on the back of the liquid crystal panel. The present invention can use either of them.

In this case, the light source may be a fluorescent lamp such as a cold cathode fluorescent lamp (external electrode fluorescent lamp) or an external electrode fluorescent lamp (external electrode fluorescent lamp). Alternatively, a light emitting diode lamp may be used as the lamp in addition to the fluorescent lamp.

The first polarizing plate 110 and the second polarizing plate 210 for selectively transmitting only characteristic light are attached to each outer surface of the liquid crystal panel. The first polarizer 110 has a polarization axis in a first direction, and the second polarizer 210 has a polarization axis in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The scattered light emitted from the backlight 400 transmits only linearly polarized light parallel to the first polarization axis by the first polarizer 110, and absorbs the rest. In addition, the light passing through the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 may transmit only linearly polarized light parallel to the second polarization axis by the second polarizing plate 210.

The nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 is formed by dispersing nanocapsules 330 filled with irregularly arranged liquid crystal molecules 320 in the buffer layer 310. The nanocapsules 330 encapsulate the liquid crystal molecules 320 into nanosized capsules. The nanocapsules 330, the liquid crystal molecules 320, and the buffer layer 310 change the light transmittance of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 to display an image.

The nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 is an isotropic liquid crystal, and the isotropic liquid crystal is optically isotropic in three or two dimensions when no voltage is applied. In this case, when the electric field is applied, the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 has a property of generating birefringence while aligning in the electric field direction. Therefore, the optical axis can be optically formed according to the electric field when voltage is applied, and light can be transmitted through the optical property control using the optical axis.

That is, the scattered light emitted from the backlight 400 passes through the first polarizing plate 110, and linearly polarized light parallel to the liquid crystal molecules 320 passes through the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300. The light passing through the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 passes through the second polarizing plate 210 to display white.

When the voltage is in the off state, the liquid crystal molecules 320 of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 present between the vertically intersecting polarizing plates are arranged in an arbitrary direction inside the capsule, thereby optically isotropic. . That is, the liquid crystal molecules 320 of the nanocapsules 330 in the off state do not affect the optical characteristics of the light emitted from the backlight 400. Therefore, the light emitted from the backlight 400 does not pass through the crossed polarizers and is blocked to display black.

Therefore, the liquid crystal display device including the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 may be applied to a display device in which the transmittance is changed according to on / off of voltage. The response time may be increased by dynamically rotating the liquid crystal molecules 320 of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300.

5 is a view showing a method of forming a liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 5, the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 is formed by using the dropping apparatus 500 having a nozzle shape to form a liquid crystal molecule 320 as a nanocapsule 330 and a coating liquid mixed with the buffer layer 310. can do. The first polarizing plate 110 is formed below the first substrate 100, and the pixel electrode 150 and the common electrode 160 are formed to be spaced apart from each other on the first substrate 100 and completed. The dripping apparatus 500 is disposed on the first substrate 100 and formed by coating the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300.

In addition, the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 including the nanocapsule 330, the liquid crystal molecules 320 and the buffer layer 310 formed inside the nanocapsule 330 may be variously formed by a printing method, a coating method, or a dropping method. You can.

Since the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 does not have an initial alignment with optical anisotropic, there is no need to orientate, and thus it is not necessary to include an alignment layer in the display device and to perform a rubbing process. Thus, the efficiency of the process can be improved.

6A and 6B illustrate a conventional liquid crystal display device and a flexible substrate applied to the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 6A, in the conventional liquid crystal display, when the flexible panel or the curved panel is applied, light leakage 60 is generated. In the case of the flexible panel or curved panel, a step of bending in one direction is included.

During the bending process, the upper substrate and the polarizing plate 25 attached to the upper substrate generate stresses in the stretching direction, and the lower substrate and the polarizing plate 11 attached to the lower substrate generate stresses in the contracting direction. At this time, the upper substrate and the lower substrate try to move by generating stress in the opposite direction to each other, the outer portion of the substrate is actually fixed to the panel to generate a torsional stress.

As a result, misalignment of the substrate occurs, and the rubbing axes of the upper substrate and the lower substrate are distorted, thereby distorting the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules. The arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules is distorted, and light leakage occurs, and the light leakage is particularly problematic in the IPS mode in which the common electrode and the pixel electrode form a horizontal electric field as in the present invention. In the IPS mode, the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 50 are oriented in the horizontal direction when rubbing, and are very sensitive to distortion of the optical axis.

Therefore, when the liquid crystal display device including the flexible panel or the curved panel is formed, the light flowing from the backlight 40 does not become completely black, and light leakage 60 occurs.

Referring to FIG. 6B, in the liquid crystal display of the present invention, light leakage does not occur even when the flexible panel or the curved panel is applied. A bending process of the first substrate including the first polarizing plate 110 and the second substrate including the second polarizing plate 210 is performed. At this time, the liquid crystal molecules 320 of the present invention are formed in the nanocapsule 330, the liquid crystal layer of the nano-size smaller than the visible light region is not affected by the visible light does not generate light leakage due to bending.

7A and 7B illustrate the influence on the external force of the conventional liquid crystal display and the liquid crystal display of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 7A, in the conventional liquid crystal display, light leakage 60 is generated when an external force such as a touch is applied. When an external force is applied to the liquid crystal panel, the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules is affected. In this way, the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is distorted due to the external force, and the optical axis is distorted, thereby causing light leakage 60. In particular, in the IPS mode in which the common electrode and the pixel electrode form a horizontal electric field as in the present invention, since the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the horizontal direction, the influence of the external force on the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules is greater.

Referring to FIG. 7B, the liquid crystal display of the present invention does not generate light leakage despite an external force such as a touch. The liquid crystal molecules 320 of the present invention are formed inside the nanocapsule 330, so that the liquid crystal layer having a smaller size than the visible light region is not affected by visible light and thus does not generate light leakage due to external force.

In addition, the structure and driving method of the pixel electrode and the common electrode may be improved to form a more efficient driving voltage and transmittance of the liquid crystal display. The structure and driving method of these electrodes will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 14.

8 is a view showing a liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 8, a nanocapsule having a first substrate 100 and a second substrate 200 formed thereon and a liquid crystal molecule 320 formed therebetween between the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200. The nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 including the 330 and the buffer layer 310 is formed. The first polarizer 110 is formed on the outer surface of the first substrate 100, and the second polarizer 210 is formed on the outer surface of the second substrate 200.

The pixel electrode 150 and the common electrode 160 are formed to be spaced apart from each other on the first substrate. The pixel electrode 150 and the common electrode 160 may be formed to have the same width of the electrode. In this case, the width of the pixel electrode 150 or the common electrode 160 is defined as w, and the distance between the pixel electrode 150 and the common electrode 160 is defined as l. In addition, the thickness of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer 300 is defined as Gap.

9 is a diagram illustrating a driving voltage and a transmittance according to a ratio of an electrode width and a distance between electrodes.

Referring to FIG. 9, when the thickness of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer is constant at 4 μm, the driving voltage and the transmittance depend on the ratio of the width w of the pixel electrode or the common electrode and the distance l between the pixel electrode and the common electrode. It can be seen that this changes. The ratio of the width w of the pixel electrode or the common electrode and the distance l between the pixel electrode and the common electrode may be 1: 1 to 1: 7. Preferably 1: 2. In this case, the width w of the pixel electrode or the common electrode may be formed to be 1.0 μm to 10.0 μm, and the distance l between the pixel electrode and the common electrode may be formed to be 1.0 μm to 70.0 μm.

10 is a diagram illustrating a driving voltage and transmittance according to the thickness of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer.

Referring to FIG. 10, the width w of the pixel electrode or the common electrode is 3.0 μm, and the distance 1 between the pixel electrode and the common electrode is 6.0 μm. As the thickness of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer increases, the transmittance of the liquid crystal panel is improved. In this case, the thickness of the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer may be formed to more than 1㎛ 10㎛. The nanocapsule liquid crystal layer may be applied at least 1 μm or more, and 3 μm or more is preferable in order to secure a high transmittance as much as possible. However, this condition may vary depending on the type of liquid crystal, the electrode structure and the design condition, and it is preferable to set the optimum thickness in consideration of various conditions to be applied.

11A and 11B are views illustrating the protruding electrode.

11A and 11B, the pixel electrode 150 and the common electrode 160 formed on the first substrate 100 of the present invention may be formed as a protruding electrode having a bend rather than a single layer electrode.

In this case, referring to FIG. 11A, a cross section of the protrusion 170 formed under each pixel electrode 150 and the common electrode 160 may be formed in a convex mound shape having a height H. Referring to FIG. In this case, the protrusion 170 formed to form the protruding electrode may be formed of a positive type photoresist or a negative type photoresist, which is an acrylic resin based photolithography process.

In addition, referring to FIG. 11B, a cross section of the protrusion 170 formed under each pixel electrode 150 and the common electrode 160 may be formed in a trapezoidal shape having a height H. Referring to FIG. In this case, the protrusion 170 formed to form the protruding electrode is formed of a passivation layer (SiNx) capable of a photolithography process. The present method can minimize the width of the protruding electrode to within 1 μm and has an advantage of precisely controlling the angle of forming the protruding electrode. Such a protruding electrode is affected by the height of the electrode.

12A and 12B illustrate driving voltages and transmittances according to heights of the protruding electrodes.

Referring to FIG. 12A, the width w of the pixel electrode or the common electrode is 3.0 μm, and the distance l between the pixel electrode and the common electrode is 6.0 μm. When the cross-sections of the protrusions formed under the pixel electrode and the common electrode are formed in the form of convex mounds having a height H, the larger the height H is, the lower the driving voltage is and the transmittance is increased. In this case, the height H of the protruding electrode was formed to be 0.5 μm to 2.0 μm, and the transmittance and driving voltage of the liquid crystal panel were improved.

12B, the width w of the pixel electrode or the common electrode is 3.0 μm, and the distance 1 between the pixel electrode and the common electrode is 6.0 μm. In the case where the cross-sections of the projections formed under the pixel electrode and the common electrode are formed in a trapezoidal shape having a height H, the larger the height H is formed, the lower the driving voltage is and the transmittance is increased. In this case, it was confirmed that the height H of the protruding electrode was 0.5 μm to 5.0 μm to improve the transmittance and driving voltage of the liquid crystal panel. Therefore, the higher the height of the protruding electrode, the lower the driving voltage and the higher the transmittance, so that the liquid crystal display device can be configured more efficiently.

13 is a plan view showing a liquid crystal display of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 13, in the liquid crystal display of the present invention, a gate wiring 101 is formed on the first substrate 100. The data wiring 102 and the power supply wiring 103 intersect the gate wiring 101 with the gate insulating film formed on the gate wiring 101 interposed therebetween. In this case, the gate line 101 and the data line 102 cross each other to define a pixel area, and the data line 102 and the power line 103 are formed to be spaced apart from each other.

A first thin film transistor Tr1 including a first gate electrode 108, a first source electrode 104, and a first drain electrode 105 at an intersection region of the gate line 101 and the data line 102. Is formed. In addition, a second thin film transistor including a second gate electrode 109, a second source electrode 106, and a second drain electrode 107 at an intersection region of the gate wiring 101 and the power wiring 103. Tr2) is formed.

In the pixel region, the pixel electrode 150 and the common electrode 160 are formed to be spaced apart from each other. The pixel electrode 150 and the common electrode 160 are symmetrically bent with respect to the central portion of each pixel region, so that each pixel region forms a double domain. The data line 102 and the power line 103 are also symmetrically bent with respect to the center of the pixel area. The data line 102, the power line 103, the pixel electrode 150, and the common electrode 160 are formed to be inclined by θ ° from the center of the pixel region with respect to the horizontal line parallel to the gate line 101. . The θ ° is formed to 30 ° to 90 °, preferably may be formed to 45 °. For this reason, the color difference by a change of viewing angle can be suppressed.

In addition, the common electrode 160 and the pixel electrode 150 that are alternately arranged in the pixel area may be formed on the same layer, and a perfect horizontal electric field may be realized. As a result, the control power of the liquid crystal molecules is increased to improve the display quality.

The first drain electrode 105 of the first thin film transistor Tr1 is connected to the pixel electrode 150, and the second drain electrode 107 of the second thin film transistor Tr2 is connected to the common electrode 160. do. At this time, the voltage driving of the liquid crystal display of the present invention will be described.

14A and 14B are diagrams illustrating voltage driving between a conventional liquid crystal display and a liquid crystal display according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 14A, the liquid crystal display according to the related art shifts only the data voltage Pixel supplied from the data line by connecting the thin film transistor only to the data line. On the basis of the constant common voltage Vcom supplied from the power line, the data voltage Pixel supplied from the data line is applied to repeat the positive and negative. At this time, in order to set the voltage difference to VDD, the data voltage Pixel must be lowered by VDD once and the data voltage Pixel is increased by VDD once at the frame period based on the common voltage Vcom.

Referring to FIG. 14B, in the liquid crystal display of the present invention, the thin film transistor is connected to the data line and the power line so that the common voltage Vcom supplied from the power line is opposite to the data voltage Pixel supplied from the data line. Shift. That is, the common voltage Vcom is also shifted by VDD, and conversely, the data voltage Pixel is also shifted by VDD. Therefore, each voltage rises and falls by VDD as in the conventional liquid crystal display, but the voltage difference is twice that of VDD. Therefore, twice the driving voltage as before can be applied.

Therefore, the liquid crystal display device and the method of manufacturing the same of the present invention can improve the yield by forming a liquid crystal layer containing a nano-size liquid crystal capsule on a single substrate and a flexible substrate, it is possible to omit the alignment film formation and rubbing process, the efficiency of the process To improve. In addition, the structure and driving method of the pixel electrode and the common electrode are improved to form an efficient driving voltage and transmittance.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the technical scope of the present invention should not be limited to the contents described in the detailed description of the specification but should be defined by the claims.

100: first substrate L: horizontal electric field
110: first polarizing plate 300: nanocapsule liquid crystal layer
150 pixel electrode 310 buffer layer
160: common electrode 320: liquid crystal molecules
170: protrusion 330: nanocapsules
200: second substrate 400: backlight
210: second polarizer

Claims (18)

A first substrate formed with the pixel electrode and the common electrode spaced apart from each other;
A nanocapsule liquid crystal layer formed on the first substrate;
A gate wiring formed on the first substrate;
A data line crossing the gate line to define a pixel area;
A power supply wiring crossing the gate wiring and spaced apart from the data wiring;
A first thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the data line; And
A liquid crystal panel including a second thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the power line;
The nanocapsule liquid crystal layer is composed of a nanocapsule filled with a buffer layer and liquid crystal molecules,
And a ratio of the width of the pixel electrode to the distance between the pixel electrode and the common electrode is 1: 1 to 1: 7.
The method of claim 1,
A second substrate formed to face the first substrate with the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween;
And a color filter layer formed on the second substrate.
The method of claim 1,
A second substrate formed to face the first substrate with the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween;
And a color filter layer formed on the first thin film transistor.
The method of claim 1,
A polarizer formed on the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer in contact with the nanocapsule liquid crystal layer; And
A backlight unit radiating light from the rear surface of the liquid crystal panel to the liquid crystal panel;
And the backlight unit emits red, green, and blue light.
The method of claim 1,
And the liquid crystal panel is a flexible panel or a curved panel.
The method of claim 1,
And the pixel electrode and the common electrode have the same width of the electrode.
The method of claim 1,
And the pixel electrode and the common electrode are formed as protruding electrodes.
The method of claim 7, wherein
And the heights of the pixel electrode and the common electrode are 0.5 μm or more and 5.0 μm or less.
The method of claim 1,
The nanocapsule liquid crystal layer has a thickness of 1 μm or more and 10 μm or less.
The method of claim 1,
The first thin film transistor supplies a data voltage shifted to the pixel electrode,
And the second thin film transistor supplies a common voltage having a level opposite to that of the data voltage to the common electrode.
The method of claim 10,
The data line, the power line, the pixel electrode, and the common electrode are formed in a symmetrically bent structure with respect to the center of the pixel area.
The pixel area is formed to form a double domain.
Forming a thin film transistor on the first substrate;
Forming a pixel electrode connected to the thin film transistor and forming a common electrode spaced apart from the pixel electrode; And
And forming a nanocapsule liquid crystal layer on the first substrate and completing a liquid crystal panel.
The nanocapsule liquid crystal layer is composed of a nanocapsule filled with a buffer layer and liquid crystal molecules,
The ratio of the width of the pixel electrode to the distance between the pixel electrode and the common electrode is characterized in that the 1: 1 to 1: 7,
Forming the thin film transistor on the first substrate,
Forming a gate wiring, a first gate electrode, and a second gate electrode on the insulating substrate;
Forming a gate insulating film on the gate wiring, the first gate electrode, and the second gate electrode;
Forming a semiconductor layer on the gate insulating film; And
A data line crossing the gate line, a common line crossing the gate line and crossing the gate line on the substrate on which the semiconductor layer is formed, a first source electrode, a first drain electrode, a second source electrode, and a second drain Forming an electrode,
And the first drain electrode is connected to the data line, and the second drain electrode is connected to the common line.
The method of claim 12,
And the pixel electrode and the common electrode have the same width of the electrode.
The method of claim 12,
And the pixel electrode and the common electrode are formed as protruding electrodes.
The method of claim 14,
And a height of the pixel electrode and the common electrode is 0.5 μm or more and 5.0 μm or less.
The method of claim 12,
The nanocapsule liquid crystal layer has a thickness of 1 μm or more and 10 μm or less.
The method of claim 12,
Define a pixel area by crossing the gate line and the data line,
The first drain electrode supplies a data voltage shifted to the pixel electrode,
And the second drain electrode supplies a common voltage having a level opposite to that of the data voltage to the common electrode.
The method of claim 17,
The data line, the power line, the pixel electrode, and the common electrode are formed in a symmetrically bent structure with respect to the center of the pixel area.
And the pixel region is formed to form a dual domain.
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