KR102010512B1 - Charging controller for electric vehicle - Google Patents

Charging controller for electric vehicle Download PDF

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KR102010512B1
KR102010512B1 KR1020170121693A KR20170121693A KR102010512B1 KR 102010512 B1 KR102010512 B1 KR 102010512B1 KR 1020170121693 A KR1020170121693 A KR 1020170121693A KR 20170121693 A KR20170121693 A KR 20170121693A KR 102010512 B1 KR102010512 B1 KR 102010512B1
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unit
battery
charging
power
electric vehicle
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KR20190033207A (en
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이강익
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주식회사 아라
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/305—Communication interfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/549—Current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 전기 차량용 충전 제어 장치에 관한 것으로서, 외부로부터 AC 전력을 공급받아 제1 DC 전력 및 제2 DC 전력으로 각각 변환하여 출력하는 충전부와, 상기 충전부로부터 상기 제1 DC 전력을 입력받아 충전하고, 충전된 전력을 상기 전기 차량에 공급하는 배터리부와, 상기 충전부의 동작을 제어하고, 상기 배터리부와 통신하여 배터리 충전을 제어하는 충전 제어부로 구성되어, 안정적이고 지속적으로 차량용 전원을 공급할 수 있고, 배터리 충방전을 효과적으로 제어할 수 있다.The present invention relates to a charging control device for an electric vehicle, comprising: a charging unit receiving AC power from the outside and converting the first DC power and the second DC power, respectively, and outputting the first DC power from the charging unit; The battery unit is configured to supply charged electric power to the electric vehicle, and the charging control unit controls the operation of the charging unit and controls the battery charging by communicating with the battery unit, so that the vehicle power can be stably and continuously supplied. The battery charge and discharge can be effectively controlled.

Description

전기 차량용 충전 제어 장치 {CHARGING CONTROLLER FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE}Charging Control Unit for Electric Vehicles {CHARGING CONTROLLER FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE}

본 발명은 전기 차량용 충전 제어 장치에 관한 것으로서, 특히 전기 차량의 배터리의 효율적인 충전과 더불어, 전기 차량에 안정적인 전력을 공급할 수 있는 충전 제어 장치에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a charging control device for an electric vehicle, and more particularly, to a charging control device capable of supplying stable electric power to an electric vehicle together with efficient charging of a battery of an electric vehicle.

최근 전기를 동력원으로 하는 전기 차량이 많이 개발되고 있으며, 특히 골프 카트와 같은 구내 전동 카트가 전기 차량으로 많이 제작되고 있다. 종래의 전기 차량의 일례로서, 한국공개특허 제10-2016-0064320호에 의하면, 요구르트나 주스 등의 음료를 냉장 보관한 상태로 운반할 수 있고 전동 카트 운용자의 탑승이 가능한 음료의 냉장운반용 전동 카트에 대해 개시하고 있다. Recently, many electric vehicles using electricity as a power source have been developed. In particular, many electric carts, such as golf carts, have been manufactured as electric vehicles. As an example of a conventional electric vehicle, according to Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2016-0064320, an electric cart for refrigerated transportation of beverages that can be transported in a refrigerated state, such as yogurt or juice, and that can be boarded by an electric cart operator. Is disclosed.

이러한 전기 차량은 대부분 외부로부터의 전력을 공급받아 내장 배터리에 충전시키고, 충전된 전력을 이용하여 구동된다. 이를 위해 전기 차량에는 OB 충전 장치(On Board Charger)가 사용되고 있으며, 그 일례로서 한국공개특허 제10-2016-0021443호에는 구동 모드와 배터리 충방전 모드를 갖는 전기 차량용 전원 시스템에 대해 개시하고 있다.Most of these electric vehicles are supplied with power from the outside to charge the internal battery, and are driven using the charged power. To this end, an OB charging device (On Board Charger) is used for an electric vehicle, and as an example, Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2016-0021443 discloses a power system for an electric vehicle having a driving mode and a battery charge / discharge mode.

그러나 종래의 전기 차량용 충전 장치에서는 일반적으로 배터리를 충전하는 동안에는 차량의 모터나 부가 장치 등에 전원을 공급하지 않고 있다. 이것은 배터리 충전과 동시에 배터리에 충전된 전력을 사용하면, 정전류 충전이 곤란하게 되어 배터리의 수명이나 효율 등이 저하될 수 있기 때문이다.In the conventional electric vehicle charging device, however, power is not supplied to a motor or an additional device of the vehicle while the battery is being charged. This is because constant current charging becomes difficult when the power charged in the battery is used at the same time as the battery is being charged, which may reduce the life and efficiency of the battery.

이러한 충전 방식은 충전 중에 전기 차량이 움직여야 할 필요성이 적으므로 큰 문제가 되지 않으나, 앞서 언급한 음료의 냉장운반용 전동카트와 같이 항시 전원이 공급되어야 하는 냉장고 등을 내장하고 있는 차량의 경우에는, 냉장 보관에 상당한 문제를 일으킬 수 있다.This charging method is not a big problem because there is less need to move the electric vehicle during charging, but in the case of a vehicle that is equipped with a refrigerator, such as the electric cart for refrigerated transportation of beverages that must be powered at all times, refrigeration It can cause significant problems in storage.

따라서 전기 차량의 여러 부가 장치에 안정적이고 지속적으로 전원을 공급할 수 있으며, 동시에 배터리의 수명이나 효율 저하를 초래하지 않는 새로운 전기 차량용 충전 제어 장치를 개발할 필요성이 있다. Therefore, there is a need to develop a charging control device for a new electric vehicle that can supply power to various additional devices of the electric vehicle stably and continuously, and at the same time does not cause a decrease in battery life or efficiency.

한국공개특허 제10-2016-0064320호Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2016-0064320 한국공개특허 제10-2016-0021443호Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2016-0021443

본 발명은 종래의 전기 차량용 충전 장치의 문제점을 개선하기 위한 것으로서, 본 발명의 목적은 안정적이고 지속적으로 차량용 전원이 공급될 수 있고, 배터리 충방전을 효과적으로 제어할 수 있는 전기 차량용 충전 제어 장치를 제공하고자 하는 것이다.The present invention is to improve the problems of the conventional charging device for an electric vehicle, an object of the present invention is to provide a stable and continuous vehicle power supply, to provide an electric vehicle charging control device that can effectively control the charging and discharging of the battery. I would like to.

상기한 기술적 과제를 해결하기 위해 본 발명에 따른 전기 차량용 충전 제어 장치는, 외부로부터 AC 전력을 공급받아 제1 DC 전력 및 제2 DC 전력으로 각각 변환하여 출력하는 충전부와, 상기 충전부로부터 상기 제1 DC 전력을 입력받아 충전하고, 충전된 전력을 상기 전기 차량에 공급하는 배터리부와, 상기 충전부의 동작을 제어하고, 상기 배터리부와 통신하여 배터리 충전을 제어하는 충전 제어부를 포함하는 이루어진다.In order to solve the above technical problem, the charging control apparatus for an electric vehicle according to the present invention includes: a charging unit for receiving AC power from the outside and converting the first DC power and the second DC power, respectively, and outputting the first and second DC power; And a battery controller configured to receive and charge DC power, supply the charged power to the electric vehicle, and control the operation of the charger and control the battery charging by communicating with the battery.

상기 충전 제어부는, 외부로부터 상기 AC 전력이 상기 충전부에 인가되면, 충전 제어 장치가 시동되고 상기 배터리부와 통신하여 상기 배터리부를 가동시킨다. 또한, 상기 배터리부로부터 배터리의 충전상태 정보를 수신하여, 배터리의 충전상태에 따라 배터리 충전 여부를 결정한다. 또한, 배터리를 충전할 경우, 상기 제1 DC 전력을 배터리부에 공급하고 동시에 상기 배터리부의 방전 동작을 중단시켜, 상기 제2 DC 전력이 상기 차량에 공급되도록 한다. 또한, 배터리를 방전할 경우, 상기 제1 DC 전력이 상기 배터리부에 공급되는 것을 차단한다.When the AC power is applied to the charging unit from the outside, the charging control unit starts up a charging control device and communicates with the battery unit to operate the battery unit. In addition, by receiving the charge state information of the battery from the battery unit, it is determined whether to charge the battery according to the state of charge of the battery. In addition, when the battery is charged, the first DC power is supplied to the battery unit and at the same time, the discharging operation of the battery unit is stopped so that the second DC power is supplied to the vehicle. In addition, when the battery is discharged, the first DC power is blocked from being supplied to the battery unit.

상기 충전부는 상기 제1 DC 전력을 공급하기 위한 전원 공급 라인과, 상기 제2 DC 전력을 공급하기 위한 전원 공급 라인이 병렬로 구성되는 것이 바람직하다.Preferably, the charging unit includes a power supply line for supplying the first DC power and a power supply line for supplying the second DC power in parallel.

상기 충전 제어부는 상기 배터리부의 배터리를 관리하는 BMS(Battery Management System)와 CAN(Controller Area Network) 통신을 통해 배터리 정보를 송수신하는 것이 바람직하다.The charging control unit preferably transmits and receives battery information through a battery management system (BMS) managing a battery of the battery unit and a controller area network (CAN).

상기 충전부는, 외부 AC 전압을 입력받아 평활화된 직류 전압으로 정류하는 정류 평활부와, 상기 정류 평활부로부터 입력된 전압을 각각 강압하여 출력하는 제1 및 제2 절연 변압기부와, 상기 제1 및 제2 절연 변압기부가 일정한 정전압을 출력하도록 제어하는 PWM 회로부와, 상기 제1 및 제2 절연 변압기부의 출력 전압을 2차로 각각 정류하는 제1 및 제2 정류 회로부와, 상기 제1 및 제2 정류 회로부의 출력 전압에서 리플과 잡음을 각각 제거하는 제1 및 제2 출력 필터부와, 상기 제1 및 제2 출력 필터부의 직류 전압을 상기 PWM 회로부에 피드백(feedback) 시켜 제1 및 제2 출력 필터부의 출력 전압을 일정하게 유지시키는 전압 제어부와, 상기 배터리부에 인가되는 전류를 일정하게 유지시키는 전류 제어부와, 상기 제1 DC 전력의 상기 배터리부로의 출력을 제어하여 배터리의 충전을 스위칭하는 스위칭부를 포함하여 이루어지는 것이 바람직하다.The charging unit may include: a rectifying smoothing unit receiving an external AC voltage and rectifying the smoothed DC voltage; first and second insulating transformer units for stepping down and outputting the voltage input from the rectifying smoothing unit; PWM circuit section for controlling the second isolation transformer section to output a constant constant voltage, first and second rectifying circuit section for rectifying the output voltage of the first and second isolation transformer section, respectively, and the first and second rectifier circuit section First and second output filter units for removing ripple and noise from the output voltages of the first and second output filter units, respectively, and feeding back the DC voltages of the first and second output filter units to the PWM circuit unit. A voltage controller for maintaining a constant output voltage, a current controller for maintaining a constant current applied to the battery unit, and controlling an output of the first DC power to the battery unit, It comprises a switching portion for switching the charging of batteries is preferred.

상기 스위칭부의 스위칭 동작은, 상기 충전 제어부가 상기 배터리부로부터 수신한 배터리의 상태에 따라 제어되는 것이 바람직하다.The switching operation of the switching unit is preferably controlled by the charging control unit according to the state of the battery received from the battery unit.

본 발명의 전기 차량용 충전 제어 장치에 의하면, 배터리를 충전하는 중에는 별도의 전원 공급 라인을 통해 차량에 필요한 전력을 공급할 수 있다. 따라서, 안정적이고 지속적으로 차량용 전원을 공급할 수 있으면서도, 배터리의 충전 전류를 일정하게 유지시켜, 배터리의 수명 저하나 충전 효율 저하 문제를 방지할 수 있다.According to the charging control device for an electric vehicle of the present invention, while the battery is being charged, power required for the vehicle can be supplied through a separate power supply line. Therefore, while being able to supply the vehicle power stably and continuously, the charging current of the battery can be kept constant, and the problem of deterioration of the life of a battery and the fall of charging efficiency can be prevented.

또한, 배터리 충전 중에도 안정적인 차량의 전원 공급이 가능하므로, 차량에 내장된 냉장고 등과 같이 지속적인 전원 공급을 필요로 하는 차량 내 전기 장치의 사용 편의성이 높아질 수 있다.In addition, since the vehicle can be supplied with a stable power even while charging the battery, the usability of the in-vehicle electric device that requires continuous power supply such as a refrigerator built in the vehicle can be increased.

도 1은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 전기 차량용 충전 제어 장치의 개략적인 구성을 나타내는 블록도이다.
도 2은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 전기 차량용 충전 제어 장치에서 충전부의 구성을 나타내는 블록도이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 전기 차량용 충전 제어 장치에서 충전 제어부의 구성을 나타내는 블록도이다.1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a charging control device for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a charging unit in the charging control device for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a charging control unit in the charging control device for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

이하, 첨부한 도면을 참고하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 대해 설명한다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

도 1에 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 전기 차량용 충전 제어 장치의 구성을 블록도로 나타내었다. 도 1에 나타낸 바와 같이, 본 발명의 충전 제어 장치는 충전부(100), 배터리부(200), 충전 제어부(300)로 구성된다.1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a charging control device for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the charging control device of the present invention includes a charging unit 100, a battery unit 200, and a charging control unit 300.

충전부(100)는 외부로부터 AC 전원을 입력받아 제1 DC 전력과 제2 DC 전력을 출력한다. 제1 DC 전력은 배터리를 충전하기 위한 것이고, 제2 DC 전력은 배터리의 충전 중에 전기 차량에 필요한 전력을 공급하기 위한 것이다. 본 실시예에서는 제1 DC 전력으로서 58V DC를 사용하였고, 제2 DC 전력으로서는 차량 내 냉장고 사양(정격전압 48V, 동작범위 43~58V)에 맞추어 48V DC를 사용하였으나, 이에 한정되는 것은 아니다. The charging unit 100 receives AC power from the outside and outputs first DC power and second DC power. The first DC power is for charging the battery, and the second DC power is for supplying electric power necessary for the electric vehicle during charging of the battery. In the present embodiment, 58V DC is used as the first DC power, and 48V DC is used as the second DC power in accordance with the in-vehicle refrigerator specification (nominal voltage 48V, operating range 43 to 58V), but is not limited thereto.

배터리부(200)는 상기 충전부(100)로부터 DC 전력을 입력받아 배터리를 충전하고, 충전된 전력을 전기 차량의 부하에 공급한다. 배터리부(200)는 배터리와, 배터리를 관리하는 BMS(Battery Management System: 배터리 관리 시스템)로 이루어지며, 본 실시예에서는 리튬이온 배터리(14CELL x 4.14V)를 사용하였으나, 이에 한정되는 것은 아니고 Ni-MH 전지와 같은 다른 종류의 배터리를 사용할 수도 있다.The battery unit 200 receives DC power from the charging unit 100 to charge the battery, and supplies the charged power to the load of the electric vehicle. The battery unit 200 includes a battery and a battery management system (BMS) for managing the battery. In this embodiment, a lithium ion battery (14CELL x 4.14V) is used, but is not limited thereto. You can also use other types of batteries, such as -MH cells.

충전 제어부(300)는 충전부(100)의 충전 동작을 제어하고, 배터리부(200)의 BMS와 통신하여 배터리 충전을 제어한다. 특히, 충전 제어부(300)는 배터리부(200)가 충전 중에는 배터리의 방전을 차단하고, 상기 제2 DC 전력이 전기 차량의 부하에 공급되도록 제어한다.The charging control unit 300 controls the charging operation of the charging unit 100 and communicates with the BMS of the battery unit 200 to control battery charging. In particular, the charging control unit 300 blocks the discharge of the battery while the battery unit 200 is being charged, and controls the second DC power to be supplied to the load of the electric vehicle.

다음으로, 상기한 충전부(100)의 세부 구성을 도 2를 참조하여 설명한다.Next, a detailed configuration of the charging unit 100 will be described with reference to FIG. 2.

도 2에 나타낸 바와 같이, 충전부(100)는 정류 평활부(110), 제1 절연 변압기부(121), 제2 절연 변압기부(122), 제1 정류 회로부(131), 제2 정류 회로부(132), 제1 출력 필터부(141), 제2 출력 필터부(142), PWM 회로부(150), 전류 제어부(160), 전압 제어부(170), 스위칭부(180)를 포함하여 구성된다. 즉, 제1 절연 변압기부(121), 제1 정류 회로부(131), 제1 출력 필터부(141), 스위칭부(180)로 이루어지는 제1 DC 전원 공급 라인과, 제2 절연 변압기부(122), 제2 정류 회로부(132), 제2 출력 필터부(142)로 이루어지는 제2 DC 전원 공급 라인이 병렬로 구성되어 있다. As shown in FIG. 2, the charging unit 100 includes a rectifying smoothing unit 110, a first insulating transformer unit 121, a second insulating transformer unit 122, a first rectifying circuit unit 131, and a second rectifying circuit unit ( 132, the first output filter unit 141, the second output filter unit 142, the PWM circuit unit 150, the current control unit 160, the voltage control unit 170, and the switching unit 180. That is, the first DC power supply line including the first isolation transformer unit 121, the first rectifier circuit unit 131, the first output filter unit 141, and the switching unit 180, and the second insulation transformer unit 122. ), A second DC power supply line composed of the second rectifying circuit section 132 and the second output filter section 142 is configured in parallel.

정류 평활부(110)는 외부 AC 전압(예를 들어, 175~254 VAC)을 입력받아 평활화된 직류 전압으로 정류한다. 도 2에는 도시하지 않았으나, 외부 AC 전압의 전자파 장애와 같은 노이즈를 필터링 하기 위한 EMI 필터(Electro Magnetic Interference Filter)를 정류 평활부(110)의 전단에 추가적으로 설치할 수도 있다. The rectifying smoother 110 receives an external AC voltage (for example, 175 to 254 VAC) and rectifies the smoothed DC voltage. Although not shown in FIG. 2, an EMI filter (Electro Magnetic Interference Filter) for filtering noise such as electromagnetic interference of an external AC voltage may be additionally installed at the front end of the rectifying smoothing unit 110.

제1 및 제2 절연 변압기부(121, 122)는 정류 평활부(110)로부터 입력된 전압을 각각 강압하여 제1 및 제2 정류 회로부(131,132)에 출력한다. PWM 회로부(150)는 상기 제1 및 제2 절연 변압기부(121, 122)가 일정한 정전압을 출력하도록 제어한다.The first and second insulation transformers 121 and 122 step down the voltages input from the rectifying smoother 110 and output the voltages to the first and second rectifier circuits 131 and 132, respectively. The PWM circuit unit 150 controls the first and second isolation transformer units 121 and 122 to output a constant constant voltage.

제1 및 제2 정류 회로부(131, 132)는 제1 및 제2 절연 변압기부(121, 122)의 출력을 2차로 정류하고, 제1 및 제2 출력 필터부(141, 142)는 리플과 잡음을 제거하여 깨끗한 제1 및 제2 DC 전력이 공급되도록 한다.The first and second rectifying circuit parts 131 and 132 rectify the outputs of the first and second isolation transformer parts 121 and 122 in a second order, and the first and second output filter parts 141 and 142 are provided with ripples. The noise is removed to ensure that clean first and second DC power are supplied.

전압 제어부(170)는 제1 및 제2 출력 필터부(141, 142)의 직류 전압을 PWM 회로부(150)에 피드백(feedback) 시켜 제1 및 제2 출력 필터부(141, 142)의 출력 전압을 일정하게 유지시키고, 전류 제어부(160)는 배터리부(200)에 인가되는 전류를 일정하게 유지시키는 역할을 한다.The voltage controller 170 feeds back the DC voltages of the first and second output filter units 141 and 142 to the PWM circuit unit 150 to output the output voltages of the first and second output filter units 141 and 142. And maintain a constant, the current controller 160 serves to maintain a constant current applied to the battery unit 200.

스위칭부(180)는 릴레이(Relay) 소자 등으로 구성될 수 있으며, 제1 DC 전력의 배터리부(200)로의 출력을 제어하여 배터리의 충전을 온/오프(ON/OFF) 한다. 스위칭부(180)의 동작은 충전 제어부(300)가 BMS로부터 수신한 배터리의 상태에 따라 제어된다. The switching unit 180 may be configured as a relay element, and controls the output of the first DC power to the battery unit 200 to turn on / off charging of the battery. The operation of the switching unit 180 is controlled according to the state of the battery that the charging control unit 300 receives from the BMS.

충전부(100)를 제어하는 충전 제어부(300)의 세부 구성을 도 3에 나타내었다.3 illustrates a detailed configuration of the charging control unit 300 that controls the charging unit 100.

충전 제어부(300)는 MCU(마이크로컨트롤러 유닛)(310), 표시부(320), 통신부(330)로 구성되며, MCU(310)가 통신부(330)를 통해 배터리의 정보를 전송받아, 충전부(100)의 PWM 회로부(150), 전류 제어부(160), 전압 제어부(170) 및 스위칭부(180)의 동작을 제어하고, 충전부(100)의 상태를 표시부(320)를 통해 표시한다. The charging control unit 300 includes an MCU (microcontroller unit) 310, a display unit 320, and a communication unit 330. The MCU 310 receives information of a battery through the communication unit 330, and charge unit 100. ) Controls the operation of the PWM circuit unit 150, the current control unit 160, the voltage control unit 170, and the switching unit 180, and displays the state of the charging unit 100 through the display unit 320.

구체적으로는, 통신부(330)가 배터리부(200)의 BMS와 CAN(Controller Area Network) 통신을 통해 배터리 정보를 받아서 MCU(310)에 전달한다. 배터리 정보로는 충전전압, 충전전류, 충전준비상태, 충전정지/재충전 신호 등이 있다. 표시부(320)에 LED 램프 등으로 표시되는 정보는 충전/만충전 표시, 충전준비 표시, 충전불량 표시 등이 있다.Specifically, the communication unit 330 receives the battery information through the BMS and the controller area network (CAN) communication of the battery unit 200 and transmits the battery information to the MCU (310). The battery information includes charging voltage, charging current, charging ready state, charging stop / recharge signal, and the like. Information displayed by the LED lamp or the like on the display unit 320 includes a charge / full charge display, a charge preparation display, a charge failure display, and the like.

이하에서는 본 발명의 충전 제어 장치의 동작에 대해 설명한다.Hereinafter, the operation of the charge control device of the present invention will be described.

먼저, AC 전원으로부터 전압이 충전부(100)에 인가되면 충전 제어 장치가 시동되고, CAN 통신으로 배터리부(200)를 가동시킨다.First, when a voltage is applied from the AC power source to the charging unit 100, the charging control device is started, and the battery unit 200 is operated by CAN communication.

이어서, 배터리부(200)의 BMS로부터 배터리 충전상태에 대한 정보를 수신하여, 수신된 충전 상태에 따라 배터리 충전 여부를 결정한다.Subsequently, information on the state of charge of the battery is received from the BMS of the battery unit 200 to determine whether to charge the battery according to the received state of charge.

배터리 충전을 진행해야 하는 것으로 결정되면, 스위칭부(180)를 온(ON) 시켜 제1 DC 전력으로 충전을 실행하고, 배터리부(200)의 BMS에 배터리 방전 동작의 중단 신호를 보낸다. 배터리의 방전이 차단되면, 자동으로 제2 DC 전력이 차량에 필요한 전력으로서 공급된다. 즉, 차량에 내장된 냉장고 등에 대한 전원 공급이 계속해서 유지될 수 있다.When it is determined that the battery should be charged, the switching unit 180 is turned on to perform charging with the first DC power, and a stop signal of the battery discharge operation is sent to the BMS of the battery unit 200. When the discharge of the battery is interrupted, the second DC power is automatically supplied as the power required for the vehicle. That is, the power supply to the refrigerator or the like built in the vehicle may be continuously maintained.

배터리부(200)의 BMS로부터 충전 완료를 통지받으면, 스위칭부(180)를 오프(OFF)시켜 충전을 종료하고, 배터리부(200)가 방전되어 차량에 전원을 공급한다. 이후, 배터리의 충전 전압이 소정값 이하가 되면, 배터리부(200)의 BMS로부터 충전 개시를 통지받아, 재충전을 실행한다. When the completion of charging is notified from the BMS of the battery unit 200, the switching unit 180 is turned off to terminate the charging, and the battery unit 200 is discharged to supply power to the vehicle. Subsequently, when the charge voltage of the battery is lower than or equal to the predetermined value, the charging start is notified from the BMS of the battery unit 200 to perform recharging.

상기한 바와 같이, 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 충전 제어 장치는 배터리가 충전 중에는 배터리의 방전을 차단하고, 제2 DC 전력이 전기 차량에 공급되도록 함으로서, 충전 전류가 불규칙적으로 배터리에 충전되는 문제를 방지할 수 있다. 즉, 배터리를 일정한 정전류로 충전할 수 있으므로, 배터리 충전 전류의 변동에 따른 배터리의 수명 저하나 충전 효율 저하의 문제를 방지할 수 있다. As described above, the charging control device according to the embodiment of the present invention blocks the discharge of the battery while the battery is being charged, so that the second DC power is supplied to the electric vehicle, there is a problem that the charging current is irregularly charged to the battery You can prevent it. That is, since the battery can be charged with a constant constant current, it is possible to prevent the problem of deterioration of the life of the battery or reduction of the charging efficiency caused by the variation of the battery charging current.

상기한 본 발명의 실시예에서는 충전 제어 장치가 전기 차량에 적용되는 것으로 설명하였으나, 이에 한정되는 것은 아니고 하이브리드 차량에도 적용될 수 있으며, 배터리 충전을 필요로 하는 다른 전기 장치들에도 적용될 수 있을 것이다.In the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the charging control device is described as being applied to an electric vehicle, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be applied to a hybrid vehicle, and may be applied to other electric devices requiring battery charging.

본 발명은 상기한 바람직한 실시예와 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 설명되었지만, 본 발명의 사상 및 범위 내에서 상이한 실시예를 구성할 수도 있다. 따라서 본 발명의 범위는 첨부된 청구범위에 의해 정해지며, 본 명세서에 기재된 특정 실시예에 의해 한정되지 않는 것으로 해석되어야 한다.Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above-described preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings, it is also possible to constitute different embodiments within the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and should be construed as not limited to the specific embodiments described herein.

100 충전부 110 정류 평활부
121 제1 절연 변압기부 122 제2 절연 변압기부
131 제1 정류 회로부 132 제2 정류 회로부
141 제1 출력 필터부 142 제2 출력 필터부
150 PWM 회로부 160 전류 제어부
167 전압 제어부 180 스위칭부
200 배터리부 300 충전 제어부
310 MCU 310 표시부
330 통신부100 live part 110 rectification smooth part
121 First Isolation Transformer Section 122 Second Isolation Transformer Section
131 first rectifying circuit section 132 second rectifying circuit section
141 First output filter 142 Second output filter
150 PWM circuit section 160 Current control unit
167 voltage control unit 180 switching unit
200 Battery 300 Charge control
310 MCU 310 display
330 Communication

Claims (6)

전기 차량용 충전 제어 장치에 있어서,
외부로부터 AC 전력을 공급받아 제1 DC 전력 및 제2 DC 전력으로 각각 변환하여 출력하는 충전부와,
상기 충전부로부터 상기 제1 DC 전력을 입력받아 충전하고, 충전된 전력을 상기 전기 차량에 공급하는 배터리부와,
상기 충전부의 동작을 제어하고, 상기 배터리부와 통신하여 배터리 충전을 제어하는 충전 제어부를 포함하고,
상기 충전부는
외부 AC 전압을 입력받아 평활화된 직류 전압으로 정류하는 정류 평활부와,
상기 정류 평활부로부터 입력된 전압을 각각 강압하여 출력하는 제1 및 제2 절연 변압기부와,
상기 제1 및 제2 절연 변압기부가 일정한 정전압을 출력하도록 제어하는 PWM 회로부와,
상기 제1 및 제2 절연 변압기부의 출력 전압을 2차로 각각 정류하는 제1 및 제2 정류 회로부와,
상기 제1 및 제2 정류 회로부의 출력 전압에서 리플과 잡음을 각각 제거하는 제1 및 제2 출력 필터부와,
상기 제1 및 제2 출력 필터부의 직류 전압을 상기 PWM 회로부에 피드백(feedback) 시켜 제1 및 제2 출력 필터부의 출력 전압을 일정하게 유지시키는 전압 제어부와,
상기 배터리부에 인가되는 전류를 일정하게 유지시키는 전류 제어부와,
상기 제1 DC 전력의 상기 배터리부로의 출력을 제어하여 배터리의 충전을 스위칭하는 스위칭부를 포함하고,
상기 충전 제어부는
MCU와, 표시부와, 통신부를 포함하되, MCU가 통신부를 통해 배터리의 정보를 전송받아, 충전부의 PWM 회로부, 전류 제어부, 전압 제어부 및 스위칭부의 동작을 제어하는 동시에 충전부의 상태를 표시부를 통해 표시하고,
외부로부터 상기 AC 전력이 상기 충전부에 인가되면, 충전 제어 장치가 시동되고 상기 배터리부와 통신하여 상기 배터리부를 가동시키고,
상기 배터리부로부터 배터리의 충전상태 정보를 수신하여, 배터리의 충전상태에 따라 배터리 충전 여부를 결정하고,
배터리를 충전할 경우, 상기 제1 DC 전력을 배터리부에 공급하고 동시에 상기 배터리부의 방전 동작을 중단시켜, 상기 제2 DC 전력이 상기 차량에 공급되도록 하고,
배터리를 방전할 경우, 상기 제1 DC 전력이 상기 배터리부에 공급되는 것을 차단하고,
상기 충전 제어부가 상기 배터리부로부터 수신한 배터리의 상태에 따라 상기 충전부의 스위칭부의 스위칭 동작이 제어되는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기 차량용 충전 제어 장치.In the charging control device for an electric vehicle,
A charging unit which receives AC power from the outside and converts and outputs the first DC power and the second DC power, respectively;
A battery unit which receives the first DC power from the charging unit and charges the battery, and supplies the charged power to the electric vehicle;
A charging control unit controlling an operation of the charging unit and communicating with the battery unit to control battery charging;
The charging unit
A rectifying smoothing unit which receives an external AC voltage and rectifies the smoothed DC voltage;
First and second insulation transformer units for stepping down and outputting voltages inputted from the rectifying smoothing unit, respectively;
A PWM circuit part for controlling the first and second isolation transformer parts to output a constant constant voltage;
First and second rectifying circuit parts configured to rectify output voltages of the first and second isolation transformer parts in a second order, respectively;
First and second output filter units for removing ripple and noise from output voltages of the first and second rectifier circuits, respectively;
A voltage control unit for feeding back the DC voltages of the first and second output filter units to the PWM circuit unit to keep the output voltages of the first and second output filter units constant;
A current controller for maintaining a constant current applied to the battery unit;
A switching unit for controlling the output of the first DC power to the battery unit to switch charging of the battery,
The charging control unit
Including the MCU, the display unit, and the communication unit, the MCU receives the information of the battery through the communication unit, and controls the operation of the PWM circuit unit, the current control unit, the voltage control unit and the switching unit of the charging unit and at the same time displays the state of the charging unit through the display unit ,
When the AC power is applied from the outside to the charging unit, a charging control device is started and communicates with the battery unit to operate the battery unit,
Receiving the charging state information of the battery from the battery unit, and determines whether or not the battery charging according to the state of charge of the battery,
When charging the battery, the first DC power is supplied to the battery unit and at the same time the discharging operation of the battery unit is stopped so that the second DC power is supplied to the vehicle,
When the battery is discharged, the first DC power is blocked from being supplied to the battery unit,
And the switching operation of the switching unit of the charging unit is controlled according to the state of the battery received by the charging control unit from the battery unit. 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete
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