KR102009821B1 - polarizer, manufacturing method thereof, and liquid crystal display including the same - Google Patents

polarizer, manufacturing method thereof, and liquid crystal display including the same Download PDF

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Publication number
KR102009821B1
KR102009821B1 KR1020130009371A KR20130009371A KR102009821B1 KR 102009821 B1 KR102009821 B1 KR 102009821B1 KR 1020130009371 A KR1020130009371 A KR 1020130009371A KR 20130009371 A KR20130009371 A KR 20130009371A KR 102009821 B1 KR102009821 B1 KR 102009821B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
film
polarizing
polarizing plate
layer
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KR1020130009371A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20140096605A (en
Inventor
황성한
김영욱
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엘지디스플레이 주식회사
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
    • G02B5/3041—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2329/00—Polyvinylalcohols, polyvinylethers, polyvinylaldehydes, polyvinylketones or polyvinylketals
    • B32B2329/04—Polyvinylalcohol

Abstract

The present invention relates to a polarizing plate having a viewing angle compensation function, a manufacturing method thereof, and a liquid crystal display device including the same, comprising: a polarizing film absorbing linearly polarized light in a planar direction; A vertical polarization layer disposed on the first surface of the polarizing film and absorbing linearly polarized light in a thickness direction; It provides a polarizing plate comprising a first support film located on the second surface of the polarizing film.

Description

A polarizer, a manufacturing method thereof, and a liquid crystal display including the same {polarizer, manufacturing method, and liquid crystal display including the same}

The present invention relates to a polarizing plate and a liquid crystal display including the same, and more particularly, to a polarizing plate having a viewing angle compensation function, a manufacturing method thereof and a liquid crystal display including the same.

As the information society develops, the demand for display devices for displaying images is increasing in various forms. Recently, liquid crystal display (LCD), plasma display panel (PDP), and organic light emitting diodes Various flat panel displays (FPDs), such as organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), are being utilized.

Among these flat panel display devices, liquid crystal display devices are widely used because they have advantages of miniaturization, light weight, thinness, and low power driving.

In general, a liquid crystal display device is formed by arranging two substrates on which electric field generating electrodes are formed so that the surfaces on which two electrodes are formed face each other, injecting a liquid crystal material between the two substrates, and then applying a voltage to the two electrodes. By moving the liquid crystal molecules by an electric field, the device expresses an image by the transmittance of light that varies accordingly. The liquid crystal display device is applied to a variety of applications ranging from portable devices such as mobile phones and multimedia devices to notebook or computer monitors and large televisions.

A liquid crystal display can be formed in various forms. Currently, an active matrix LCD (AM-LCD) in which a thin film transistor and pixel electrodes connected to the thin film transistor are arranged in a matrix manner has excellent resolution and video performance. It is widely used.

The liquid crystal display device has a structure in which a pixel electrode is formed on a lower substrate and a common electrode is formed on an upper substrate, and the liquid crystal molecules are driven by an electric field in a direction perpendicular to the substrate between the two electrodes. The liquid crystal display device having such a vertical electric field has excellent characteristics such as transmittance and aperture ratio.

However, the liquid crystal display device due to the vertical electric field has a narrow viewing angle. Therefore, in order to overcome this disadvantage, an in-plane switching (IPS) liquid crystal display device for driving liquid crystal molecules by an electric field in a direction parallel to the substrate has been proposed and used.

Hereinafter, a conventional transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a conventional transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device.

As shown in FIG. 1, the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 are arranged at a predetermined distance, and the liquid crystal molecules 3 are positioned between the first and second substrates 1 and 2. do. The pixel electrode 4 and the common electrode 5 for driving the liquid crystal molecules 3 are formed on the lower first substrate 1. Therefore, when a voltage is applied to the two electrodes 4 and 5, a horizontal electric field 6 parallel to the substrates 1 and 2 is generated between the two electrodes 4 and 5, and the liquid crystal molecules 3 of the liquid crystal layer 3 are generated. ) Is operated by this horizontal electric field 6 to vary the arrangement. The two substrates 1 and 2 and the liquid crystal layer form a liquid crystal panel.

First and second polarizing plates (not shown) are attached to the outer surface of the liquid crystal panel, that is, the outer surfaces of the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, respectively. The absorption axes are arranged to be perpendicular to each other. Accordingly, the liquid crystal molecules 3 modulate the light passing through the first polarizing plate according to the arrangement thereof so that the modulated light selectively absorbs or transmits the second polarizing plate to display an image.

As described above, in the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device, a pixel electrode and a common electrode are formed on the same substrate, and a horizontal electric field parallel to the substrate is generated between the two electrodes so that the liquid crystal molecules move in accordance with the horizontal electric field. The viewing angle of can be widened.

In addition, the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device has a merit that the screen distortion is reduced even when the touch screen is touched, and thus has been widely used in portable devices.

However, such a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device has no problem in optical characteristics at the front side, but when viewed from the side, light leakage occurs and black luminance increases, and thus a contrast ratio decreases.

More specifically, as mentioned above, the absorption axes of the first and second polarizing plates are disposed perpendicular to each other so that the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device may operate in a normally black mode. That is, when the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display is turned off, no horizontal electric field is generated between the common electrode and the pixel electrode, and the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer are not rearranged so that incident light passes through the light without changing the polarization state. Let's do it. Therefore, the light passing through the first polarizing plate has a linearly polarized state perpendicular to the absorption axis of the first polarizing plate, the polarization state remains unchanged as it passes through the liquid crystal layer, and has an absorption axis perpendicular to the absorption axis of the first polarizing plate. Both of them are absorbed by the polarizer to show black.

By the way, when the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device is in the off state, when viewing the liquid crystal display device from the front of the liquid crystal display device, black can be viewed, but is inclined diagonally up, down, left, and right with respect to the front of the liquid crystal display device. That is, when viewed from the side, the luminance of black increases due to light leakage. This is because the angle between the absorption axes of the two polarizing plates formed on the outer surface of the liquid crystal panel is not perpendicular, which will be described with reference to the drawings.

2A and 2B schematically show absorption axes of a polarizing plate when the conventional transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device is viewed from the front and from the side, respectively, and FIGS. 3A and 3B respectively show a conventional transverse Poincare sphere showing the polarization state corresponding to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate when viewed from the front and the side of the electric field type liquid crystal display device, the Poincare sphere of Figs. 3a and 3b The sphere shows the state seen from above.

Here, the Poincare sphere represents all polarization states of light on a spherical surface, and the polarization state can be easily predicted using the Poincare sphere when the optical axis and the phase delay value of the optical element are known. In this Poincare sphere, the equator passing S1 and S2 represents linear polarization, the pole S3 represents left-handed circular polarization, and the opposite pole -S3 represents right-handed circular polarization. The upper hemisphere shows left-handed elliptical polarization and the lower hemisphere shows right-handed elliptical polarization.

As shown in FIG. 2A, when the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device is viewed from the front, the first absorption axis ABS1 and the second absorption axis of the first polarizing plate 52 formed on the outer surface of the first substrate 1 in FIG. The second absorption axis ABS2 of the second polarizing plate 54 formed on the outer surface of the substrate (2 of FIG. 1) has a first angle a1 of about 90 degrees and intersects with each other. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 3A, the first absorption axis ABS1 of the first polarizing plate 52 and the second absorption axis ABS2 of the second polarizing plate 54 have a center on the equator of the Poincare sphere. They are symmetrical to each other.

However, as shown in FIG. 2B, when the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display is viewed from a position having a viewing angle inclined downward with respect to the front side, the first absorption axis ABS1 and the first absorption axis of the first polarizing plate 52 are formed. The second absorption axis ABS2 of the second polarizing plate 54 has a second angle a2 greater than the first angle a1 and intersects with each other.

That is, the first absorption axis ABS1 of FIG. 2B, in which light incident obliquely to the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device is felt, and the first absorption axis ABS1 of FIG. 2A, in which light incident perpendicularly to the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device is sensed. The second absorption axis ABS2 of FIG. 2B, which is rotated more counterclockwise and is inclined to the transverse field type liquid crystal display, feels the light incident perpendicularly to the transverse field type liquid crystal display. It is further rotated in the clockwise direction than the second absorption axis ABS2. As shown in FIG. 3B, the first absorption axis ABS1 of the first polarizing plate 52 and the second absorption axis ABS2 of the second polarizing plate 54 are mutually centered on the equator of the Poincare sphere. It is not symmetrical. Here, T1 and T2 represent the polarization states of the transmission axis of the first polarizing plate 52 and the transmission axis of the second polarizing plate 54, respectively, and the transmission axis T1 of the first polarizing plate 52 is positioned on the equator of the Poincare sphere. Located at a point symmetrical with the first absorption axis ABS1 with respect to the center of the curry sphere, the transmission axis T2 of the second polarizing plate 54 is the second absorption axis ABS2 with respect to the center of the poincare sphere on the equator of the poincare sphere. Located at a point symmetrical with.

Accordingly, in FIG. 2B, light incident to the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device obliquely passes through the first polarizing plate 52 and has a polarization state PL perpendicular to the first absorption axis ABS1. ) Does not coincide with the second absorption axis ABS2, so that light leakage is generated without being completely absorbed by the second polarizing plate 54.

Accordingly, when the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device is viewed from the top, bottom, left, and right sides with respect to the front side, light leakage occurs in the black, thereby reducing the visibility of the black and the contrast ratio.

In order to prevent light leakage at the side viewing angle, a structure in which an optical compensation film is added between the polarizing plate and the liquid crystal panel is widely used.

In general, the optical compensation film is manufactured through the extrusion process and the stretching process is supplied with a protective film attached to one side, the protective film is removed after attaching the optical compensation film to the other side of the polarizing film. Therefore, the manufacturing process is complicated and the cost is high, and the optical compensation film by the extrusion process is limited due to the possibility of breaking, it is not easy to form a thin thickness.

In addition, since the optical compensation film is attached to the polarizing plate using an adhesive, it is difficult to reduce the thickness, and by using two or more optical compensation films to compensate for the viewing angle, the thickness becomes thicker, the material cost and the process increase, and the path of the optical compensation film There is a problem in that the visibility is deteriorated.

In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a polarizing plate having a viewing angle compensation function by preventing light leakage from the side viewing angle, a manufacturing method thereof, and a liquid crystal display including the same.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a polarizing plate having a lightweight and thin viewing angle compensation function, a manufacturing method thereof, and a liquid crystal display including the same.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a polarizing plate having a viewing angle compensation function capable of reducing costs and simplifying a process, a method of manufacturing the same, and a liquid crystal display including the same.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a polarizing film for absorbing linearly polarized light in the plane direction; A vertical polarization layer disposed on the first surface of the polarizing film and absorbing linearly polarized light in a thickness direction; It provides a polarizing plate comprising a first support film located on the second surface of the polarizing film.

A vertical alignment layer is further included between the polarizing film and the vertical polarizing layer.

Further comprising a second support film on the second surface of the polarizing film, wherein the vertical polarization layer is located between the polarizing film and the second support film, between the vertical polarizing layer and the second support film A vertical alignment film is formed.

The vertical polarizing layer includes liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules, and the amount of the dye molecules is 10 wt% or less.

The length of the dye molecule is less than or equal to the length of the liquid crystal molecule.

The dye molecules include two to four kinds different from each other.

In addition, the present invention comprises the steps of forming a polarizing film that absorbs linearly polarized light in the plane direction; Coating and curing a photocurable or thermosetting material on the first surface of the polarizing film to form a vertical polarization layer absorbing linearly polarized light in the thickness direction; It provides a polarizing plate manufacturing method comprising the step of forming a first support film on the second surface of the polarizing film.

The method may further include forming a vertical alignment layer between the polarizing film and the vertical polarizing layer.

Forming a vertical polarization layer includes forming a vertical alignment layer on the second support film and coating the photocurable or thermosetting material on the vertical alignment layer, wherein the vertical polarization layer is attached to the polarization film. do.

On the other hand, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention; A first polarizing plate attached to an upper portion of the liquid crystal panel and including a polarizing film absorbing linear polarization in a planar direction and a vertical polarization layer absorbing linear polarization in a thickness direction; A second polarizing plate is attached to the lower portion of the liquid crystal panel and sequentially includes an inner supporting film, a second polarizing film, and an outer supporting film.

In the present invention, by applying a polarizing plate having a vertical polarization layer absorbing linear polarization in the thickness direction on one surface of the polarizing film absorbing the linear polarization in the planar direction to the liquid crystal display device to compensate the optical characteristics at the side viewing angle to increase the contrast ratio have.

In this case, since the vertical polarization layer is formed through the coating method, thickness and weight can be reduced as compared with the case of using the optical compensation film, and the process is simple and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

1 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a conventional transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device.
2A and 2B are diagrams schematically illustrating absorption axes of polarizing plates when the conventional transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device is viewed from the front and the side, respectively.
3A and 3B are diagrams respectively illustrating a polarization state corresponding to an absorption axis of a polarizing plate when the conventional transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device is viewed from the front and the side, respectively.
4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a polarizing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a schematic view of a polarizing plate manufacturing equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a polarizer according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a polarizer according to another embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device including a polarizing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device including a polarizing plate according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device including a polarizing plate according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a polarizing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4, the polarizing plate 100 according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention may include a polarizing film 110, a base film 120, a vertical alignment layer 130, a vertical polarizing layer 140, and a support film. 160.

The polarizing film 110 may be made of a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film drawn after dyeing iodine ions.

The base film 120 is located on one surface of the polarizing film 110 and is formed of a material having no phase difference. For example, tri-acetyl cellulose, cyclic olefin polymer (COP), Polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephtalate (PET) or an acrylic material having a relatively low moisture vapor transmission rate may be used. Here, the acrylic material may include a (meth) acrylate monomer and an (meth) acrylamide monomer including an aliphatic ring or an aromatic ring based on poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). .

The vertical alignment layer 130 is formed on the base film 120 through a coating method. In this case, the vertical alignment layer 130 may be a photocurable material or a thermosetting material.

The vertical polarization layer 140 is formed on the vertical alignment layer 130 through a coating method, and the vertical polarization layer 140 includes a liquid crystal molecule 142 and a dye molecule 144.

The liquid crystal molecules 142 may be photocurable monomers or thermosetting monomers. The liquid crystal molecules 142 may be monomers having at least one reactive group at an end thereof. For example, the liquid crystal molecules 142 may be reactive mesogens.

When the dye molecule 144 is mixed with the liquid crystal molecule 142, the dye molecule 144 has a characteristic of being arranged in parallel with the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecule 142. Accordingly, the liquid crystal molecules 142 coated on the vertical alignment layer 130 are arranged along the direction in which the major axis thereof is perpendicular to the base film 120 by the vertical alignment layer 130, that is, the thickness direction of the polarizing plate 100. The dye molecules 144 are arranged in parallel with the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 142 so that the dye molecules 144 are also arranged along the direction perpendicular to the base film 120.

The dye molecule 144 is light parallel to the long axis of the molecule is the maximum interaction with the electrons in the molecule is the electron transition occurs and absorbed, light parallel to the short axis of the molecule is minimal interaction with the electrons in the molecule Since there is no electron transition, it has dichroism by transmission. That is, the dye molecules 144 absorb the linearly polarized light in the thickness direction of the polarizing plate 100.

Dye molecule 144 absorbs light in the visible range of about 380nm to 800nm, and includes a chromophore and an auxochromophore. Here, the chromophore is an atomic group that forms a pigment by combining with a specific group that causes a compound to exhibit a predetermined color. The chromophore is -N = N-, -N = O, -NO 2 , -C = O, or -C = C-, etc., and the chromophore does not show color but shifts the wavelength to a long wavelength or a short wavelength, and may be -OH, -NH 2 , -SO 3 H, -COOH, or the like.

On the other hand, the absorbance ratio absorbed in the long axis direction and short axis direction of the dye molecule 144 is called a dichroic ratio (dichroic ratio), the higher the dichroic ratio has a higher dichroism. The polarization degree varies depending on the dichroic ratio or order parameter of the dye molecules 144. The degree of alignment represents the parallelism of the absorption axis of the dye molecules 144 with respect to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 142, when the degree of alignment is S,

S = (A1-A2) / (A1 + 2A2),

When displaying the arrangement degree in dichroic ratio,

It may be represented by S = (DR-1) / (DR + 2).

Here, A1 is the absorbance of the pigment with respect to the polarization parallel to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 142, A2 is the absorbance of the pigment with respect to the polarization perpendicular to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 142, A1 is less than A2 Larger, the dichroic ratio DR is represented by A1 / A2.

Accordingly, by adjusting the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules 142 and the concentration of the dye molecules 144, the degree of alignment of the dye molecules 144 may be adjusted to obtain a high degree of polarization.

Here, the amount of the dye molecules 144 to be mixed is 10wt% or less, preferably about 1wt% to 3wt%.

In addition, the kind of the dye molecules 144 to be mixed is preferably 2 to 4, and the length of the dye molecules 144 is preferably equal to or smaller than the length of the molecules of the liquid crystal molecules 142.

The vertical polarization layer 140 formed on the base film 120 and the vertical alignment layer 130 is attached to one surface of the polarizing film 110 through an adhesive.

Although not shown, an adhesive may be formed on the lower surface of the base film 120.

On the other hand, the support film 160 is attached to the other surface of the polarizing film 110 through an adhesive. The support film 160 may include tri-acetyl cellulose, cyclic olefin polymer (COP), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephtalate (PET) or relatively low. It may be made of an acryl-based material having a moisture permeability. Here, the acrylic material may include a (meth) acrylate monomer and an (meth) acrylamide monomer including an aliphatic ring or an aromatic ring based on poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). .

In the polarizing plate 100 of the present invention, the polarizing film 110 absorbs linear polarization in the planar direction, and the vertical polarization layer 140 absorbs linear polarization in the thickness direction. Therefore, since the light generated from the side viewing angle is canceled, a display device having an improved viewing angle may be realized by preventing light leakage without a separate optical compensation film.

The polarizing plate of the present invention can be manufactured through in-line equipment using a roll-to-roll method.

5 is a schematic view of a polarizing plate manufacturing equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention, and corresponds to an inline equipment using a roll-to-roll method.

As shown in Figure 5, the polarizing plate manufacturing equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first supply unit 112, the dyeing unit 113, the stretching unit 114, the first drying unit 115, the first and Second coating unit 116a, 116b, second supply unit 152, third coating unit 153, first curing unit 154, fourth coating unit 155, second curing unit 156, first 3, the supply unit 162, the attachment unit 170, the second drying unit 180, and the recovery roll 190.

First, the polarizing film 110 is supplied from the first supply part 112. The first supply unit 112 may be a supply roll wound around the polarizing film 110, and may further include a moving unit (not shown) for moving the polarizing film 110. Here, the moving means of the first supply unit 112 may be a motor for providing a rotational force to the supply roll, the moving means of the first supply unit 112 is directly connected to the rotation shaft of the supply roll, or supplied through a pulley and a belt It can be connected to the axis of rotation of the roll.

On the other hand, the polarizing film 110 may be formed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA).

The polarizing film 110 supplied from the first supply part 112 is transferred to the dyeing unit 113, and dyes iodine ions in the polarizing film 110 in the dyeing unit 113. At this time, potassium iodide solution may be used for dyeing iodine ions.

The polarizing film 110 may be subjected to a washing process using de-ionized water or the like before being transferred to the dyeing unit 113, and the polarizing film 110 may be swollen so that iodine ions are easily deposited through the washing process. Can be.

Subsequently, the polarizing film 110 in which the iodine ions are dyed is transferred to the stretching unit 114, and the polarizing film 110 is stretched in the stretching unit 114. At this time, the iodine ions are aligned in the stretching direction, the stretched polarizing film 110 has an absorption axis parallel to the stretching direction. Therefore, the stretched polarizing film 110 absorbs the light vibrating in the direction parallel to the absorption axis, and transmits the light vibrating in the direction perpendicular to the absorption axis. In one example, the polarizing film 110 may be stretched in the longitudinal direction, that is, the machine direction (MD) of the process. Here, the draw ratio may be 5 to 6 times.

On the other hand, the stretched polarizing film 110 can be carried out together by stretching in an aqueous solution of boric acid. That is, by immersing and stretching the salted polarizing film 110 in an aqueous solution of boric acid, boric acid crosslinks between the polymer and the polymer of the polarizing film 110 in which the iodine ions are salted to prevent sublimation of iodine ions. The crosslinking step may proceed separately from the stretching step.

Next, the stretched polarizing film 110 is delivered to the first drying unit 115 and dried. At this time, the first drying unit 115 may include an oven, the drying temperature may be 50 degrees to 65 degrees Celsius.

Next, the dried polarizing film 110 is transferred to the first and second coating units 116a and 116b. The first and second coating units 116a and 116b face each other and are spaced apart from each other with respect to the polarizing film 110, and the first and second coating units 116a and 116b pass through the polarizing film 110. The adhesive is coated on both sides of each. In this case, the adhesive may be an ultraviolet (UV) curable adhesive.

The adhesive coated polarizing film 110 is delivered to the attachment unit 170.

Meanwhile, the second supply unit 152 is disposed to be spaced apart from the first supply unit 112, and the base film 120 is supplied from the second supply unit 152. The second supply unit 152 may be a supply roll on which the base film 120 is wound, and may further include moving means (not shown) for moving the base film 120. Here, the moving means of the second supply unit 152 may be a motor for providing a rotational force to the supply roll, the moving means of the second supply unit 152 is directly connected to the rotating shaft of the supply roll, or is supplied through a pulley and a belt It can be connected to the axis of rotation of the roll.

The base film 120 may include tri-acetyl cellulose, cyclic olefin polymer (COP), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephtalate (PET) or relatively low. Acryl-based materials having moisture permeability may be used. Here, the acrylic material may include a (meth) acrylate monomer and an (meth) acrylamide monomer including an aliphatic ring or an aromatic ring based on poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). .

The base film 120 supplied from the second supply unit 152 is transferred to the third coating unit 153, and the third coating unit 153 is vertically aligned on the surface of the base film 120 by a coating method. To form. At this time, the coating method may be used for bar coating (bar-coating) or slit coating (slit-coating).

The vertical alignment layer 130 may be formed of a material such as polymer polyimide having a high side chain density.

The base film 120 and the vertical alignment layer 130 are transferred to the first curing unit 154, and the vertical alignment layer 130 is cured in the first curing unit 154. In this case, the vertical alignment layer 130 may be photocured or thermally cured.

The cured vertical alignment layer 130 and the base film 120 are transferred to the fourth coating unit 155, and the fourth coating unit 155 vertically polarizes by coating a photocurable or thermosetting material on the vertical alignment layer 130. Form layer 140. The vertical polarization layer 140 may include liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules, and may further include a photoinitiator when the vertical polarization layer 140 is made of a photocurable material.

Subsequently, the vertical polarization layer 140, the vertical alignment layer 130, and the base film 120 are transferred to the second curing unit 156, and the vertical polarization layer 140 is cured by the second curing unit 156.

The second curing unit 156 may cure the vertical polarization layer 140 by a thermosetting method, or may cure the vertical polarization layer 140 by a photocuring method. In this case, the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules of the vertical polarization layer 140 are arranged along the thickness direction of the base film 120 by the long axis of the vertical alignment layer 130.

In the case of photocuring the vertical polarization layer 140, the second curing unit 156 includes a UV lamp (not shown), and irradiates the vertical polarization layer 140 with UV light by using the UV lamp. Photocuring 140 may be performed. In this case, the second curing unit 156 may further include an oven or a hot plate to perform a process of drying the vertical polarizing layer 140 before or after photocuring the vertical polarizing layer 140. For example, the vertical polarization layer 140 may be pre-baked, photocured by irradiation with UV light, and then post-baked. Here, the post bake process may be omitted.

On the other hand, in the case of thermal curing the vertical polarization layer 140, the second curing unit 156 includes an oven or a hot plate, the thermal polarization of the vertical polarization layer 140 by applying heat to the vertical polarization layer 140. can do.

Next, the cured vertical polarization layer 140, the vertical alignment layer 130, and the base film 120 are transferred to the attachment unit 170.

Meanwhile, a third supply part 162 is disposed on the opposite side of the second supply part 152 based on the first supply part 112 to be spaced apart from the first supply part 112, and the support film 160 from the third supply part 162. ) Is supplied. The third supply unit 162 may be a supply roll on which the support film 160 is wound, and may further include moving means (not shown) for moving the support film 160. Here, the moving means of the third supply unit 162 may be a motor for providing a rotational force to the supply roll, the moving means of the third supply unit 162 is directly connected to the rotating shaft of the supply roll, or supplied through a pulley and a belt It can be connected to the axis of rotation of the roll.

The support film 160 is formed of triacetyl cellulose (TAC), cyclic olefin polymer (COP), polycarbonate (PC), and polyethylene terephtalate (PET). Or an acryl-based material having a relatively low moisture permeability.

The support film 160 supplied from the third supply unit 162 is transferred to the attachment unit 170.

The attachment unit 170 includes first and second attachment rolls 172 and 174. The first and second attachment rolls 172 and 174 may be spaced apart from each other and face each other, or the first and second attachment rolls 172 and 174 may be positioned to be offset from each other.

The polarizing film 110 transmitted to the attachment unit 170, the vertical polarization layer 140, the vertical alignment layer 130 and the base film 120 on one side of the polarizing film 110, and the support of the other side of the polarizing film 110 The film 160 is pressed while passing between the first and second attachment rolls 172 and 174, and the polarizing film 110 is vertically polarized by the adhesive layer coated on both sides of the polarizing film 110. The support film 160 is attached to each other.

On the other hand, in the embodiment of the present invention has been described that the adhesive is coated on both sides of the polarizing film 110, the adhesive may be coated on the vertical polarizing layer 140 and the support film 160.

The attached polarizing film 110, the vertical polarizing layer 140, the vertical alignment layer 130, the base film 120, and the support film 160 are transferred to the second drying unit 180, and the second drying unit ( 180). The second drying unit 180 may include an oven.

Subsequently, the dried polarizing film 110, the vertical polarization layer 140, the vertical alignment layer 130, the base film 120, and the support film 160 are transferred to the recovery roll 190, and the recovery roll 190. Can be wound on.

Although not shown, an adhesive may be formed on the other surface of the base film 120.

The polarizing plate according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention may be cut to a desired size and attached to the display panel through an adhesive formed on the other surface of the base film 120.

Meanwhile, the base film 120 may be removed, and in this case, the vertical alignment layer 130 may be attached to the display panel through an adhesive.

Thus, in the embodiment of the present invention, by forming a vertical alignment layer 130 and a vertical polarization layer 140 on the base film 120 by a coating method and attaching the polarizing film 110 to produce a polarizing plate in a roll-to-roll method By doing so, the process can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

In the above embodiment, a case in which the vertical alignment layer 130 and the vertical polarization layer 140 are formed on one surface of the base film 120 and then attached to the polarizing film 110 is described. The position of the polarizing layer 140 may vary.

6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a polarizer according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 6, the polarizing plate 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a polarizing film 210, a vertical alignment layer 230, a vertical polarizing layer 240, and a support film 260. .

The polarizing film 210 may be made of a stretched PVA film after dyeing iodine ions.

The vertical alignment layer 230 is formed on one surface of the polarizing film 210 through a coating method. The vertical alignment layer 230 may be formed of a photocurable material or a thermosetting material.

The vertical polarization layer 240 is formed under the vertical alignment layer 230 through a coating method. The vertical polarization layer 240 includes liquid crystal molecules 242 and dye molecules 244.

The liquid crystal molecule 242 may be a photocurable monomer or a thermosetting monomer. The liquid crystal molecules 242 may be monomers having at least one reactive group at an end thereof. For example, the liquid crystal molecules 242 may be reactive mesogens.

Dye molecule 244 absorbs light in the visible range of about 380nm to 800nm, and includes a chromophore and a chromophore. Here, the chromophore is an atomic group that forms a dye by combining with a specific group causing the compound to exhibit a predetermined color, and may be -N = N-, -N = O, -NO 2 , -C = O, -C = C-, or the like. The chromophore does not show color but shifts the wavelength to a long wavelength or a short wavelength, and may be -OH, -NH 2 , -SO 3 H, -COOH, or the like.

The amount of the dye molecules 244 is 10 wt% or less, and preferably about 1 wt% to 3 wt%. In addition, it is preferable that the kind of the dye molecules 244 is 2 to 4, and the length of the dye molecules 244 is preferably equal to or smaller than the molecular length of the liquid crystal molecules 242.

Although not shown, an adhesive may be formed on the lower surface of the vertical polarization layer 240.

On the other hand, the support film 260 is attached to the other surface of the polarizing film 210 through an adhesive. The support film 260 may be tri-acetyl cellulose, cyclic olefin polymer (COP), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephtalate (PET) or relatively low. It may be made of an acryl-based material having a moisture permeability. Here, the acrylic material may include a (meth) acrylate monomer and an (meth) acrylamide monomer including an aliphatic ring or an aromatic ring based on poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). .

7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a polarizer according to another embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 7, the polarizing plate 300 according to another embodiment of the present invention may include a polarizing film 310, a first support film 320, a vertical alignment layer 330, a vertical polarizing layer 340, And a second support film 360.

The polarizing film 310 may be made of a PVA film drawn after dyeing iodine ions.

One surface of the polarizing film 310 is attached to the first support film 320 through an adhesive.

The second support film 360 is positioned on the other surface of the polarizing film 310, and the vertical alignment layer 330 is formed on one surface of the second support film 360 facing the polarizing film 310 by a coating method. The vertical alignment layer 330 may be formed of a photocurable material or a thermosetting material.

The vertical polarization layer 340 is formed under the vertical alignment layer 330 through a coating method. The vertical polarization layer 340 includes liquid crystal molecules 342 and dye molecules 344.

The liquid crystal molecules 342 may be photocurable monomers or thermosetting monomers. The liquid crystal molecules 342 may be monomers having one or more reactive groups at their ends, and may be, for example, reactive mesogens.

Dye molecule 344 absorbs light in the visible range of about 380nm to 800nm, and includes a chromophore and a chromophore. Here, the chromophore is an atomic group that forms a dye by combining with a specific group causing the compound to exhibit a predetermined color, and may be -N = N-, -N = O, -NO 2 , -C = O, -C = C-, or the like. The chromophore does not show color but shifts the wavelength to a long wavelength or a short wavelength, and may be -OH, -NH 2 , -SO 3 H, -COOH, or the like.

The amount of the dye molecules 344 is 10 wt% or less, and preferably about 1 wt% to 3 wt%. In addition, it is preferable that the kind of the dye molecules 344 is 2 to 4, and the length of the dye molecules 344 is preferably equal to or smaller than the molecular length of the liquid crystal molecules 342.

The first and second support films 320 and 360 may include tri-acetyl cellulose, cyclic olefin polymer (COP), polycarbonate (PC), and polyethylene terephtalate (polyethylene terephtalate). : PET) or an acrylic material having a relatively low moisture permeability. Here, the acrylic material may include a (meth) acrylate monomer and an (meth) acrylamide monomer containing an aliphatic ring or an aromatic ring based on poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). .

Although not shown, an adhesive is formed on the lower surface of the first support film 320, and the first support film 320 may be attached to the display panel through the adhesive.

An example in which the polarizing plate of the present invention is applied to a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device including a polarizing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 8, the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a liquid crystal panel 470 for displaying an image, a first polarizing plate 400 and a liquid crystal panel 470 attached to one surface of the liquid crystal panel 470. The second polarizing plate 480 is attached to the other surface of the).

Although not shown, the liquid crystal panel 470 includes a liquid crystal layer formed between the first and second substrates and the first and second substrates, and the pixel electrode and the common electrode are formed on any one of the first and second substrates. . For example, the pixel electrode and the common electrode may be formed on a first substrate disposed below. Accordingly, the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer is changed by an electric field generated between the two electrodes, thereby adjusting the transmittance of light supplied from a backlight unit (not shown) positioned under the second polarizing plate 480.

For adhesion, a first adhesive layer 492 is positioned between the first polarizing plate 400 and the liquid crystal panel 470, and a second adhesive layer 494 is disposed between the second polarizing plate 480 and the liquid crystal panel 470. Located. The first adhesive layer 492 may be formed and supplied to the first polarizing plate 400, and the second adhesive layer 494 may be formed and supplied to the second polarizing plate 480. Here, the first and second adhesive layers 492 and 494 may be pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs).

The first polarizing plate 400 corresponds to the polarizing plate of FIG. 4, wherein the vertical polarizing layer 440, the base film 420, and the other surface of the polarizing film 410 and one surface of the polarizing film 410 are formed. The support film 460 is included. Although not shown, a vertical alignment layer is formed between the vertical polarization layer 440 and the base film 420. The first polarizing plate 400 is attached to the front surface of the liquid crystal panel 470, that is, the surface on which the light is output. , The polarizing film 410, and the support film 460 are located in the order.

As mentioned above, the polarizing film 410 absorbs linear polarization in the planar direction, and the vertical polarization layer 440 absorbs linear polarization in the thickness direction.

The base film 420 and the support film 460 may be made of the same material, or may be made of different materials.

The second polarizing plate 480 is attached to the rear surface of the liquid crystal panel 470 and positioned between the liquid crystal panel 470 and a backlight unit (not shown). The second polarizing plate 480 includes inner and outer support films 484 and 486 attached to both surfaces of the polarizing film 482 and the polarizing film 482, respectively. Here, the inner support film 484 of the second polarizing plate 480 is in contact with the liquid crystal panel 470 through the second adhesive 494, but the inner support film 484 preferably does not have a phase delay. The absorption axis of the polarizing film 482 of the second polarizing plate 480 is disposed to be perpendicular to the absorption axis of the polarizing film 410 of the first polarizing plate 400.

In the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the vertical polarization layer 440 absorbs linear polarization in the thickness direction, thereby compensating optical characteristics in the side viewing angle, thereby increasing the contrast ratio.

Meanwhile, the base film 420 may be removed. In this case, a vertical alignment layer (not shown) under the vertical polarization layer 440 is attached to the liquid crystal panel 470 through the first adhesive layer 492.

9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device including a polarizing plate according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 9, the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a liquid crystal panel 570 for displaying an image, a first polarizing plate 500 and a liquid crystal panel 570 attached to one surface of the liquid crystal panel 570. It includes a second polarizing plate 580 attached to the other surface of the).

Although not shown, the liquid crystal panel 570 includes a liquid crystal layer formed between the first and second substrates and the first and second substrates, and the pixel electrode and the common electrode are formed on any one of the first and second substrates. . For example, the pixel electrode and the common electrode may be formed on a first substrate disposed below. Therefore, the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer is changed by an electric field generated between the two electrodes, thereby adjusting the transmittance of light supplied from a backlight unit (not shown) positioned under the second polarizing plate 580.

For adhesion, a first adhesive layer 592 is positioned between the first polarizing plate 500 and the liquid crystal panel 570, and a second adhesive layer 594 is disposed between the second polarizing plate 580 and the liquid crystal panel 570. Located. The first adhesive layer 592 may be formed and supplied to the first polarizing plate 500, and the second adhesive layer 594 may be formed and supplied to the second polarizing plate 580. The first and second adhesive layers 592 and 594 may be pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs).

The first polarizing plate 500 corresponds to the polarizing plate of FIG. 6, and includes a polarizing film 510, a vertical polarizing layer 540 on one surface of the polarizing film 510, and a supporting film 560 on the other surface of the polarizing film 510. Include. Although not shown, a vertical alignment layer is formed between the polarizing film 510 and the vertical polarizing layer 540. The first polarizing plate 500 is attached to the front surface of the liquid crystal panel 570, that is, the surface on which the light is output. The vertical polarizing layer 540 is connected to the liquid crystal panel 470 through the first adhesive layer 592. ), And are disposed in the order of the vertical polarization layer 540, the polarizing film 510, and the support film 560 adjacent to the liquid crystal panel 570.

The second polarizing plate 580 is attached to the rear surface of the liquid crystal panel 570 and positioned between the liquid crystal panel 570 and a backlight unit (not shown). The second polarizing plate 580 includes inner and outer supporting films 584 and 586 attached to both surfaces of the polarizing film 582 and the polarizing film 582, respectively.

Here, the inner support film 584 of the second polarizing plate 580 contacts the liquid crystal panel 570 through the second adhesive 594, but the inner support film 584 does not have a phase delay. The absorption axis of the polarizing film 582 of the second polarizing plate 570 is disposed to be perpendicular to the absorption axis of the polarizing film 510 of the first polarizing plate 500.

In the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the vertical polarization layer 540 can compensate for the optical characteristics at the side viewing angle to increase the contrast ratio.

10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device including a polarizing plate according to another embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 10, the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a liquid crystal panel 670 for displaying an image, a first polarizing plate 600 and a liquid crystal panel 670 attached to one surface of the liquid crystal panel 670. And a second polarizing plate 680 attached to the other surface of the substrate.

Although not shown, the liquid crystal panel 670 includes a liquid crystal layer formed between the first and second substrates and the first and second substrates, and the pixel electrode and the common electrode are formed on any one of the first and second substrates. . For example, the pixel electrode and the common electrode may be formed on a first substrate disposed below. Therefore, the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer is changed by the electric field generated between the two electrodes, thereby adjusting the transmittance of light supplied from the backlight unit (not shown) positioned under the second polarizing plate 680.

For adhesion, a first adhesive layer 692 is positioned between the first polarizing plate 600 and the liquid crystal panel 670, and a second adhesive layer 694 is disposed between the second polarizing plate 680 and the liquid crystal panel 670. Located. The first adhesive layer 692 may be formed and supplied to the first polarizing plate 600, and the second adhesive layer 694 may be formed and supplied to the second polarizing plate 680. Here, the first and second adhesive layers 692 and 694 may be pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs).

The first polarizing plate 600 corresponds to the polarizing plate of FIG. 7, and includes a polarizing film 610, a first supporting film 620 on one surface of the polarizing film 610, and a vertical polarizing layer 640 on the other surface of the polarizing film 610. ) And a second support film 660. Although not shown, a vertical alignment layer is formed between the second support film 660 and the vertical polarization layer 640. The first polarizing plate 600 is attached to the front surface of the liquid crystal panel 670, that is, the surface on which the light is output. The first polarizing plate 600 is adjacent to the liquid crystal panel 670 so as to be adjacent to the first support film 620 and the polarizing film 610. ), The vertical polarization layer 640, and the second support film 660.

The second polarizer 680 is attached to the rear surface of the liquid crystal panel 670 and positioned between the liquid crystal panel 670 and the backlight unit (not shown). The second polarizing plate 680 includes inner and outer support films 684 and 686 attached to both surfaces of the polarizing film 682 and the polarizing film 682, respectively.

Here, the inner support film 684 of the second polarizing plate 680 is in contact with the liquid crystal panel 670 through the second adhesive 694, it is preferable that the inner support film 684 does not have a phase delay. On the other hand, the absorption axis of the polarizing film 682 of the second polarizing plate 670 is disposed to be perpendicular to the absorption axis of the polarizing film 610 of the first polarizing plate 600.

In the transverse electric field type liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the vertical polarization layer 640 can compensate for the optical characteristics at the side viewing angle to increase the contrast ratio.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

100: polarizing plate 110: polarizing film
120: base film 130: vertical alignment film
140: vertical polarization layer 142: liquid crystal molecules
144: dye molecule 160: support film

Claims (15)

delete delete delete delete delete delete Forming a polarizing film that absorbs linearly polarized light in a planar direction;
Coating and curing a photocurable or thermosetting material on the first surface of the polarizing film to form a vertical polarization layer absorbing linearly polarized light in the thickness direction;
Forming a first support film on a second surface of the polarizing film
Including;
The vertical polarization layer comprises a liquid crystal molecule and a dye molecule, the dye molecule comprises four different kinds, the amount of the dye molecule is 1wt% to 3wt%,
The first support film is a material including a (meth) acrylate monomer and an (meth) acrylamide monomer containing an aliphatic ring or an aromatic ring based on poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The polarizing plate manufacturing method which consists of.
The method of claim 7, wherein
And forming a vertical alignment layer between the polarizing film and the vertical polarizing layer.
The method of claim 7, wherein
Forming a vertical polarization layer includes forming a vertical alignment layer on the second support film and coating the photocurable or thermosetting material on the vertical alignment layer,
And the vertical polarizing layer is attached to the polarizing film.
delete delete delete delete delete delete
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KR102267513B1 (en) * 2018-06-22 2021-06-22 주식회사 엘지화학 Method for manufacturing polarizing plate
KR102451591B1 (en) * 2018-11-02 2022-10-06 주식회사 엘지화학 Polarizing plates and liquid crystal display devices
KR102451590B1 (en) * 2018-11-02 2022-10-06 주식회사 엘지화학 Polarizing plates and liquid crystal display devices
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Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001242320A (en) * 2000-03-01 2001-09-07 Nitto Denko Corp Polarizing element and liquid crystal display device
JP2007264595A (en) 2006-02-28 2007-10-11 Fujifilm Corp Polarizing plate and liquid crystal display
JP2011059266A (en) 2009-09-08 2011-03-24 Hitachi Displays Ltd Liquid crystal display apparatus

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KR20080086451A (en) * 2005-12-14 2008-09-25 다이니폰 인사츠 가부시키가이샤 Liquid crystal display device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001242320A (en) * 2000-03-01 2001-09-07 Nitto Denko Corp Polarizing element and liquid crystal display device
JP2007264595A (en) 2006-02-28 2007-10-11 Fujifilm Corp Polarizing plate and liquid crystal display
JP2011059266A (en) 2009-09-08 2011-03-24 Hitachi Displays Ltd Liquid crystal display apparatus

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