KR102003524B1 - Metal pallet for carrying goods with enhanced stability function and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a metal pallet with enhanced safety for loading goods, capable of preventing accidents by forming an end part into a curved shape through molding instead of pressing, and a manufacturing method thereof. To achieve the purpose, provided is a metal pallet wherein an upper plate, an upper reinforcement plate, a lower plate and a lower reinforcement plate are formed through molding to make their ends curved. The manufacturing method includes a component manufacturing step of manufacturing an upper reinforcement plate, a lower plate and a lower reinforcement plate with curved ends through molding, and manufacturing a support member including a wrinkled part with at least three grooves through molding. According to the present invention, since molding technology is used, the exterior of a finished product can be nice, productivity can be increased, and the naturally accompanied thermal treatment can improve durability.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a metal pallet for carrying articles having enhanced safety functions and a method for manufacturing the same,

[0001] The present invention relates to a metal pallet for holding articles formed to have a curved distal end and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a safety pallet for preventing a safety accident of a user by molding the metal pallet And to a method of manufacturing the same.

In general, the pallet for cargo transportation is a pallet that is used as a pallet for loading cargo when carrying heavy cargo through a forklift.

Such a pallet is divided into a wood pallet, a steel pallet and a plastic pallet according to the material, and is configured such that a fork of a forklift can be easily inserted while a cargo having a large weight is stably loaded on the top.

That is, the pallet has a hexagonal frame structure having a predetermined height, and the upper plate and the lower plate form a plane, and the fork insertion ports are formed on the four sides of the pallet. When the pallet is seated on the floor, So that the cargo can be conveniently and safely transported.

In recent years, metal pallets have been produced as replacements for wooden pallets and plastic pallets. The advantage of such a metal pallet is that it is stronger in strength, eco-friendly, easier to manufacture, lighter in weight and less expensive than plastic pallets. Due to these advantages, metal pallets are gradually increasing their market shares.

However, since most metal pallets are more expensive than wooden pallets, they require know-how to produce products that can be lighter at lower cost while maintaining strength, in order to produce more competitive products.

On the other hand, with the development of the logistics, the pallet was required to have a consistent pallet consisting of loading, transporting, unloading and storage without intermediate transfer from production to the end consumer.

As a result, in December 1995, the "General Rules for Unit Load System" was enacted and the T-11 type (1100 × 1100 mm) was selected as the national standard pallet, and the logistics efficiency was promoted. In 2007, the "Logistics Management System Certification System", an upgrade version of the logistics standard certification system, was introduced. In 2009, T-12 type (1000 × 1200mm) was newly added to the existing T-11 type with the standard "pallet standard multiple". In addition, the Korea - China - Japan pallet standardization has been promoted.

Such a metal pallet is advantageous in that it can be manufactured at a relatively low cost and in a light weight, can be repaired and reused at the time of breakage, and can be recycled as scrap metal at the time of disposal. However, So that there is a problem in that the article that is stacked thereon may slip during transportation. In addition, metal pallets can have high strength and can cause damage to the floor on which the pallet is placed, for example, the floor on which the flooring is placed.

Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1370582 (Announcement 2014.03.06) Korean Registered Utility Model No. 20-0393370 (published on Aug. 18, 2005) Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2013-0053903 (published May 31, 2014)

Accordingly, it is a first object of the present invention to provide a method and a device for manufacturing an electronic device, which is formed of a metal material to improve durability, firmly support a loaded article to securely carry it, And to provide a metal pallet for loading formed products.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a metal pallet for loading articles, which can form a rim and a terminal portion to be bent by using a metal mold process instead of a press process which is difficult to form a rim and a terminal portion .

In order to accomplish the first object of the present invention, in an embodiment of the present invention, an upper plate portion, which is composed of a plurality of upper plates and on which cargo is loaded, A lower reinforcing plate portion disposed at a position spaced apart from the upper plate portion and composed of a plurality of lower plates; and a plurality of lower reinforcing plates disposed in contact with the plurality of lower plates, A second reinforcing plate portion formed of a plurality of lower reinforcing plates, and a second reinforcing plate portion provided between the first reinforcing plate portion and the second reinforcing plate portion, wherein the upper plate and the upper reinforcing plate are fixed to the upper portion through a first fastening member, And a plurality of supporting members to which the lower plate and the lower reinforcing plate are fixed, Wherein the upper plate, the upper reinforcing plate, the lower plate, and the lower reinforcing plate are formed through a metal working process so that their ends are bent.

In order to achieve the second object of the present invention, in an embodiment of the present invention, an upper plate, an upper reinforcing plate, a lower plate, and a lower reinforcing plate having ends bent through a metal mold are manufactured, A method of manufacturing a supporting member, comprising: a component manufacturing step of manufacturing a supporting member having a corrugated portion provided with a corrugation; arranging a plurality of supporting members at predetermined intervals; A first fixing step of fixing the upper reinforcing plate and the upper plate to the supporting member after arranging a plurality of upper plates perpendicular to the upper reinforcing plate and a lower reinforcing plate at a lower portion of the plurality of supporting members, And a second fixing step of fixing the lower reinforcing plate and the lower plate to the supporting member after disposing a plurality of lower plates perpendicularly intersecting the lower reinforcing plate located at the lower portion of the lower reinforcing plate Provides a method of producing metal pallets for loading goods.

According to the present invention, since the mold processing technique is used, the appearance of the finished product is neat, the production capability is increased, and the finished product is naturally accompanied by the heat treatment, thereby improving the durability.

In addition, since the corner portion and the end portion, which are likely to cause a safety accident, can be formed to be bent without any separate processing, the occurrence of safety accidents due to stab wound or the like is reduced.

In addition, the present invention can significantly increase the strength of each member by forming corrugated troughs on each component made of a thin metal plate, and can reduce the weight of the pallet itself to a considerably reduced weight.

1 is a perspective view for explaining a metal pallet for carrying articles according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a metal pallet for loading articles according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the top plate according to the present invention.
4 is a perspective view showing a metal pallet for loading articles according to another embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a flowchart for explaining a method of manufacturing a metal pallet for loading articles according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a metal pallet for carrying articles having enhanced safety functions according to preferred embodiments of the present invention and a method for manufacturing the same (hereinafter abbreviated as "metal pallet for carrying articles") will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view for explaining a metal pallet for carrying articles according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a metal pallet for carrying articles according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 and 2, a metal pallet for carrying articles according to the present invention includes a top plate part 100 composed of a plurality of top plates and on which cargo is loaded, and a metal pallet 100 arranged in contact with the plurality of top plates, A lower plate portion 300 disposed at a position spaced apart from the upper plate portion 100 and composed of a plurality of lower plates, and a second plate portion 300 disposed in contact with the plurality of lower plates, A second reinforcing plate portion 400 formed of a plurality of lower reinforcing plates 400 installed to cross each other in the vertical direction of the lower plate and a second reinforcing plate portion 400 provided between the first reinforcing plate portion 200 and the second reinforcing plate portion 400, And a plurality of supporting members 500 to which the upper plate and the upper reinforcing plate are fixed to the upper portion through the member and the lower plate and the lower reinforcing plate are fixed to the lower portion through the second fastening member.

Here, the upper plate, the upper plate, the lower plate, and the lower plate, which are components of the metal pallet, can be made of a mixture of iron and illite to improve strength and reduce weight. More specifically, the top and top stiffening plates and the bottom and bottom stiffening plates can be made from a mixture consisting of 94 to 98 wt.% Iron and 2 to 6 wt.% IL light. At this time, if the content of ilite is more than 6% by weight, there may be a problem that grooves or holes are formed in the components of the metal pallet. If the content of ilite is less than 2% by weight, It does not appear.

It is preferable to use the Illite powder pulverized to 250 to 400 mesh as the Illite. (Please inform the problems that occur when the size of the Illite powder is out of the upper limit value and the lower limit value.)

Such a metal pallet has improved durability and strength as compared with a metal pallet having no bending structure, so that the thickness of each component can be set to 0.6 mm or less, preferably 0.3 to 0.5 mm.

The metal pallet according to the present invention has dimensions such as 650 x 650 x 115 mm, 800 x 800 x 115 mm, or 1100 x 1100 x 115 mm, or 1500 x 1100 x 130 mm, or 1470 x 1200 x 110 mm. Or may be made to conform to ISO or KS standards.

Hereinafter, each component will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2, a metal pallet for carrying articles according to the present invention includes a top plate 100.

The upper plate portion 100 includes a plurality of upper plates that are spaced apart from each other in a line to load cargoes. Each upper plate has a first corrugated portion having a concave-convex structure along the longitudinal direction.

The first corrugated portion is composed of a "concave" type structure, a "convex" type structure, or three or more bending structures (hereinafter abbreviated as "bones") in which all of them are sequentially arranged. Thus, the upper plate forms three troughs to disperse the load, thereby preventing warpage by the load and supporting a large load. At this time, the distance between the respective bones can be formed to be 5 to 10 mm.

The upper plate is formed through a mold process, and its end is bent (or rounded) so as to prevent the user from being injured as shown in FIG. In addition, the top plate may be curved (or rounded) at its corners to prevent injury to the user, as shown in FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the top plate according to the present invention.

3, the upper plate is formed with a first wrinkle portion having a concavo-convex structure along the longitudinal direction, and both ends forming the side wall of the upper plate are formed to have a length longer than the first wrinkle portion in the vertical direction And both end portions forming the outer wall of the upper plate may be bent so as to have the same length as the first wrinkle portion in the vertical direction. At this time, the bent portion of the upper plate is bent so as to contact the inner wall of the upper plate.

4 is a perspective view showing a metal pallet for loading articles according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 4, the upper plate may be provided with a first protection plate 140 blocking the sharp ends at the front end and the rear end. The first protection plate 140 covers the front end and the rear end of the top plate so as not to damage the user's body or clothes even if the user touches the front end and the rear end of the top plate. At this time, the first protection plate 140 is formed by molding with the upper plate.

On the other hand, a non-slip pad 600 may be provided on the upper surface of the upper plate on which the first folded portion is formed. The non-slip pad 600 is provided to increase the frictional force between the article and the metal pallet such that the article is not slipped on the metal pallet, and may be formed of silicone or urethane foam. At this time, the non-slip pad 600 may be formed on the upper surface of the upper plate through a method such as coating or may be attached through an adhesive.

As shown in FIG. 4, the non-slip pad 600 may be provided with a finishing projection 610 protruding in the direction of each valley formed on the upper plate to fill each of the valleys. At this time, the upper plate may be provided with an engagement protrusion (not shown) for restricting the movement of the anti-slip pad 600 on the inner sidewall of the bone. Such a locking protrusion is formed in a hemispherical shape or a cylindrical shape to limit the movement of the anti-slip pad 600 by an external force.

In addition, the finishing projection 610 can also serve as a buffering member when the article is placed on the upper plate, thereby preventing the article from being damaged by an impact applied to the article when the article is loaded on the upper plate, The surface of the article is brought into contact with the upper plate to prevent scratches from occurring.

On the other hand, even if an external force is applied by the loaded article, the non-slip pad 600 is limited in its movement by the first protection plate 140 and the initial position is maintained.

As described above, since the upper end of the upper plate according to the present invention does not have a sharp end, it is possible to prevent the user from being injured by the end of the upper plate.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the metal pallet according to the present invention includes a first reinforcing plate 200.

The first reinforcing plate 200 reinforces the strength and durability of the metal pallet, and is composed of a plurality of upper reinforcing plates disposed to be in contact with the plurality of upper plates and installed so as to intersect with each other in the vertical direction of the upper plate.

Two or more, preferably two to four, of the upper reinforcing plate are disposed on the bottom surface of the upper plate so as to be in contact with the plurality of upper plates, and are installed so as to intersect with each other in the vertical direction of the upper plate. For example, the first upper reinforcing plate 210 may be arranged to contact one end of any of the first upper plate 110, the second upper plate 120 and the third upper plate 130, The plate 220 is disposed in contact with the other ends of the first upper plate 110 and the second upper plate 120 and the third upper plate 130 and the third upper reinforcing plate 230 is disposed in contact with the first upper reinforcing plate 210 And the second upper stiffening plate 220 so as to be in contact with the central bottom surface of the first upper plate 110, the second upper plate 120, and the third upper plate 130.

The upper reinforcing plate is formed with a second folded portion having a concave-convex structure along the longitudinal direction. At this time, the upper reinforcing plate may be formed to have the same overall shape as the upper plate.

Specifically, the second corrugated portion is constituted by a "concave" type structure, a "convex" type structure, or three or more cores in which all of them are sequentially arranged. More specifically, when the "∩" type structure is formed on the upper plate, a "∩" type structure is formed on the upper reinforcement plate.

 Thus, the upper reinforcing plate forms three troughs to disperse the load, thereby preventing warpage by the load and supporting a large load. At this time, the distance between the respective bones can be formed to be 5 to 10 mm.

The upper reinforcing plate is formed by molding a metal mold, and its end is bent (or rounded) so as to prevent a user from being injured as shown in FIG. Further, the upper reinforcing plate may be formed so that its edges are curved (or rounded) so as to prevent the user from being injured.

As shown in FIG. 4, the upper reinforcing plate may be provided with a second protection plate 240 blocking the sharp ends at the front and rear ends, if necessary. The second protection plate 240 covers the front end and the rear end of the upper reinforcing plate to prevent the user's body or clothing from being damaged even if the user touches the front end and the rear end of the upper reinforcing plate. At this time, the second protection plate 240 is formed through mold processing together with the upper reinforcing plate.

As a specific aspect, the upper reinforcing plate according to the present invention may be integrally formed so as to intersect in a vertical direction in the same line on a plurality of upper plates.

As described above, since the upper reinforcing plate according to the present invention does not have a sharp end, it is possible to prevent the user from being injured by the end of the upper reinforcing plate.

1 and 2, the metal pallet according to the present invention includes a lower plate 300.

The lower plate part 300 is provided to provide a stable contact surface to the floor or other metal pallet and is composed of a plurality of lower plates facing the upper plate at a position spaced apart from the upper plate part 100.

The lower plate is formed with a third corrugated portion having a concave-convex structure along the longitudinal direction, and the third corrugated portion is composed of a concave-shaped structure, a convex-shaped structure, or three or more cores in which all of them are sequentially arranged.

More specifically, when the "∩" type structure is formed on the upper plate, a "∪" type structure is formed on the lower plate.

The lower plate is formed through a die machining process, and its end is bent (or rounded) so as to prevent the user from being injured as shown in FIG. Further, the lower plate may be formed so that its edge is curved (or rounded) so as to prevent the user from being injured.

If necessary, the lower plate may be provided with a third protection plate 340 blocking the sharp end portions at the front end and the rear end. The third protection plate 340 covers the front end and the rear end of the bottom plate to prevent the user's body or clothing from being damaged even if the user touches the front end and the rear end of the bottom plate. At this time, the third protection plate 340 is formed through mold processing together with the lower plate.

As described above, since the bottom plate according to the present invention does not have a sharp end portion, it is possible to prevent the user from being injured by the end portion of the bottom plate.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the metal pallet according to the present invention includes a second reinforcing plate 400.

The second reinforcing plate 400 reinforces the strength and durability of the metal pallet and is composed of a plurality of lower reinforcing plates disposed to be in contact with a plurality of lower plates and installed to cross each other in the vertical direction of the lower plate.

Two or more, preferably two to four, of the lower reinforcing plate are disposed on the upper surface of the lower plate so as to be in contact with a plurality of lower plates, and are installed so as to intersect with each other in the vertical direction of the lower plate. For example, the optional first lower reinforcing plate 410 is arranged to be in contact with one end of any of the first lower plate 310, the second lower plate 320 and the third lower plate 330, The plate is arranged to be in contact with the first lower plate 310, the second lower plate 320 and the other end of the third lower plate 330. The third lower reinforcing plate 430 is disposed to contact the first lower reinforcing plate 410, Two lower reinforcing plates, and is arranged to contact the central upper surfaces of the first lower plate 310, the second lower plate 320 and the third lower plate 330.

The lower reinforcing plate is formed with a fourth folding portion having a concave-convex structure along the longitudinal direction. At this time, the lower reinforcing plate may be formed to have the same overall shape as the upper plate.

Specifically, the fourth corrugated portion is composed of a "concave" type structure, a "convex" type structure, or three or more cores in which all of them are sequentially arranged. Thus, the lower reinforcing plate forms three troughs to disperse the load, thereby preventing warpage by the load and supporting a large load. At this time, the distance between the respective bones can be formed to be 5 to 10 mm.

More specifically, when a "U" shaped structure is formed on the lower plate, a "U" shaped structure is formed on the lower reinforcement plate.

The lower reinforcing plate is formed through a die machining process, and its end is bent (or rounded) so as to prevent a user from being injured as shown in FIG. Further, the lower reinforcing plate is formed so that its edges are curved (or rounded) so as to prevent the user from being injured.

If necessary, the lower reinforcing plate may be provided with a fourth protection plate 440 blocking the sharp ends at the front end and the rear end, as shown in FIG. The fourth protection plate 440 covers the front end and the rear end of the lower reinforcing plate to prevent the user's body or clothing from being damaged even if the user touches the front end and the rear end of the bottom reinforcing plate. At this time, the fourth protection plate 440 is formed through mold processing together with the lower reinforcing plate.

As a specific aspect, the lower reinforcing plate according to the present invention may be integrally formed by intersecting a plurality of lower plates in a vertical direction in the same line.

As described above, since the lower reinforcing plate according to the present invention does not have a sharp end, it is possible to prevent the user from being injured by the end of the lower reinforcing plate.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a metal pallet according to the present invention includes a support member 500.

The support member 500 is provided between the first reinforcing plate portion 200 and the second reinforcing plate portion 400 to provide a space for installing the upper plate, the upper reinforcing plate, the lower plate and the lower reinforcing plate through a fastening member And a plurality of upper plates are provided along the longitudinal direction of the upper plates.

Specifically, the support member 500 is fixed to the upper plate and the upper reinforcing plate at the upper portion through the first fastening member, and the lower plate and the lower reinforcing plate are fixed to the lower portion through the second fastening member.

In one embodiment, the support member 500 according to the present invention is formed to have a bending structure corresponding to the corrugated portion so as to be inserted into the second corrugated portion of the upper reinforced plate and the fourth corrugated portion of the lower reinforced plate. For example, the support member 500 may include first and second side walls spaced from each other and formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and a body formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape (or a cube shape) provided between the first side wall and the second side wall , And the first sidewall and the second sidewall are formed to have a size that can be inserted into the wrinkle portion. At this time, the first sidewall and the second sidewall of the receiving member 500 may be formed to have a size that can be inserted into the wrinkles formed on the upper and lower reinforcing plates.

In another embodiment, the support member 500 according to the present invention is formed with a fifth folding portion having a concavo-convex structure along the longitudinal direction. Specifically, the fifth corrugated portion is composed of a "concave" type structure, a "convex" type structure, or three or more cores in which all of them are sequentially arranged. At this time, the distance between the respective bones may be formed to be 5 to 10 mm, preferably, the same distance as the upper and lower reinforcing plates.

As described above, the support member 500 forms three troughs to distribute the load, thereby preventing warpage by the load and supporting a large load.

The fastening member may be a screw, a bolt, and a nut. Each of the support members 500 is fastened to the support member 500 in the direction of the support member 500 and the support member 500 in the direction of the support member 500, Thereby fixing the lower plate and the lower reinforcing plate to the supporting member 500. [

4, the support member 500 may be formed with a side surface exposed to the outside of the metal pallet so as to be curved (or rounded) so as to prevent the user from being injured. For example, the curved side surface of the support member 500 may be formed to have a cylindrical structure cut in the vertical direction, and a plurality of bones may be formed on the curved side surface in the vertical direction.

In addition, the support member 500 according to the present invention is produced through a mold process such as the top plate 100 and the like. As described above, since the support member 500 produced through the metal mold process does not require any additional process, the manufacturing time of the metal pallet is shortened.

5 is a flowchart for explaining a method of manufacturing a metal pallet for loading articles according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 5, a method of manufacturing a metal pallet for carrying articles according to the present invention includes a component manufacturing step (S100), a first fixing step (S200), and a second fixing step (S300).

In the component manufacturing step S100, the upper plate, the upper reinforcing plate, the lower plate, the lower reinforcing plate, and the supporting member 500 are manufactured. More specifically, in the component manufacturing step (S100), an upper plate, an upper reinforcing plate, a lower plate, and a lower reinforcing plate having ends bent through a mold are manufactured, and a supporting member (500).

For example, in the component manufacturing step S100, a mixture of iron and ilite is injected into an injection molding machine or a die casting machine to form an upper plate, an upper reinforcing plate, a lower plate, a lower reinforcing plate, ).

Since the upper plate, the upper reinforcing plate, the lower plate, the lower reinforcing plate, and the supporting member 500 of the present invention are produced through the mold, the ends and the edges of the supporting plate 500 have curves instead of straight lines.

The first fixing step (S200) is a step of fixing the upper reinforcing plate and the upper plate to the supporting member (500). More specifically, in the first fixing step (S200), a plurality of supporting members 500 are disposed at regular intervals, an upper reinforcing plate is disposed on a plurality of supporting members 500, a plurality of supporting members 500, The upper reinforcing plate and the upper plate are fixed to the supporting member 500 after the upper plates are vertically crossed with the upper reinforcing plate located at the upper portion of the upper reinforcing plate.

The second fixing step S300 is a step of fixing the lower reinforcing plate and the lower plate to the supporting member 500. [ More specifically, in the second fixing step S300, a lower reinforcing plate is disposed at a lower portion of the plurality of supporting members 500, and a plurality of supporting members 500 are disposed at right angles to the lower reinforcing plate After the lower plate is arranged, the lower reinforcing plate and the lower plate are fixed to the supporting member 500.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. It can be understood that it is possible.

100: upper plate 110: first upper plate
120: second upper plate 130: third upper plate
200: first reinforcing plate 210: first upper reinforcing plate
220: second upper reinforcing plate 230: third upper reinforcing plate
300: lower plate part 310: first lower plate
320: second lower plate 330: third lower plate
400: second reinforcing plate portion 410: first lower reinforcing plate
420: second lower reinforcing plate 430: third lower reinforcing plate
500: Support member 600: Non-slip pad
610: Finishing projection

Claims (9)

A first reinforcing plate portion composed of a plurality of upper plates and carrying the cargo, a first reinforcing plate portion arranged in contact with the plurality of upper plates and composed of a plurality of upper reinforcing plates crossing in the vertical direction of the upper plate, A second reinforcing plate portion arranged in contact with the plurality of lower plates and composed of a plurality of lower reinforcing plates provided so as to cross each other in the vertical direction of the lower plate, And a plurality of supporting members which are provided between the first and second reinforcing plate portions and to which the upper plate and the upper reinforcing plate are fixed to the upper portion through the first fastening member and the lower plate and the lower reinforcing plate are fixed to the lower portion through the second fastening member, In the pallet,
Wherein the upper plate, the upper reinforcing plate, the lower plate, and the lower reinforcing plate are formed through a metal working process so that their ends are formed to be bent, and that the material comprises 94 to 98% by weight of iron and 2 to 6% Metal pallets. delete delete [2] The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the upper plate, the upper reinforcing plate,
And the edge of the metal pallet is curved. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1,
And a corrugated portion provided with three or more valleys is formed. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the upper stiffening plate
Wherein the metal pallet is formed integrally with the plurality of upper plates so as to intersect in a vertical direction in the same line. The method according to claim 1,
The upper plate has a first folded portion having three or more valleys,
And a non-slip pad is provided on an upper surface of the upper plate on which the first folded portion is formed. 8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the non-slip pad
And a finishing protrusion protruding in the direction of each of the corrugations to fill each of the corrugations. delete

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