KR101991745B1 - Control Method for Energy Trading in Smart-grid - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a distributed control method for power transaction between power grids on a smart grid distribution network. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for allowing a control system for each power grid to measure and calculate, on a smart grid distribution network including a plurality of power grids partitioned and including a distributed power source and an energy storage device, power consumption, generated electricity, and an energy storage device capacity in real time, transmit the same to other power grids, synthesize real-time present conditions of the other power grids received from the other power grids with a real-time present condition of a power grid to which the control system belongs, and supply the surplus power to the distribution network or receive power from the distribution network and store the power in an energy storage device thereof. That is, the present invention provides a method for transacting power between power grids by supplying or receiving the power to/from a distribution network through controlling a distributed power source and an energy storage device of power grids in power grid units on the basis of real-time data on each power grid. To this end, the present invention may select a method comparing the sum of surplus power with the sum of storage reserve power for each power grid, finding a power grid with storage reserve power from a power grid with surplus power according to the comparison result and supplying and storing the surplus power through the distribution network in real time, or finding a power grid with surplus power from a power grid with storage reserve power and receiving power. The present invention can make distributed power source at low costs.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a control method for controlling power distribution in a power network,

The present invention relates to a distributed control method for power net power trading in a Smart Grid transmission perspective. More specifically, in a Smart Grid transmission view that includes a plurality of compartmentalized power grids including distributed power and energy storage devices, a control system for each grid is used to determine the power consumption, generated power and energy storage Device storage capacity, etc., in real time and transmit it to another power network. In addition, it can aggregate the real-time status of other power networks transmitted from other power networks and the real-time status of the own network to supply surplus power to the transmission / On the contrary, the present invention relates to a method of receiving power from a transmission view and storing the same in its own energy storage device. In other words, the present invention provides a method for power trading among power grids by controlling the distributed power source or the energy storage device on a power network basis on the basis of real-time data for each power network to supply or receive power to the power grid.

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for sharing and trading a surplus power consumed in a power grid of a power grid including a smart grid or a micro grid from among various types of distributed power sources generated by renewable energy or other methods This is about technology that maximizes the utilization of energy resources by providing a base that can be used.

Generally, energy utilities such as electricity and gas are being distributed to consumers in real time by supply companies with exclusive distribution rights to specific regions. These energies are stricter in their supply method, especially in the case of electricity, because they are consumed in real time by the facilities connected to the power network or are not stored in real time in the energy storage facility. Therefore, As soon as power is generated, it must be supplied in such a way that it can be utilized as efficiently as possible.

Recently, the concept of distributed power sources has been introduced for efficient production and use of energy. Distributed power generation is a small-scale power generation facility that can be distributed in the vicinity of a power consumption site, unlike a large-scale centralized power source such as a nuclear power plant or a thermal power plant. The power generation facility using new energy or renewable energy, as well as diesel and gas Traditional private power generation facilities may also be included. Here, new energy is a new energy resource different from conventional fossil fuel energy, such as fuel cell and hydrogen energy. And renewable energy is the energy that transforms the natural resources such as light, heat, wind, and water from the sun into usable energy. It means solar energy, solar energy, bio, wind, hydro, ocean, have. In addition to the emergence of such renewable energy, development of techniques for installing and operating distributed power sources for efficient utilization of power resources is being promoted. The introduction of distributed power sources has led to many changes in the grid grid system, which allows power consumers to choose between distributed and power sources in view of price and other conditions in power consumption, By using a distributed power source, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the power industry.

However, as described above, many of the distributed power sources mainly use renewable energy using natural resources such as wind power, solar power, tidal force, and wave power, and the generated output is totally dependent on natural phenomena It is difficult to utilize it effectively. For example, because the wind, the source of wind power, is not always constant, the power from wind turbines fluctuates. In the case of photovoltaic power generation, the output power also changes unstably depending on the time zone, the amount of sunshine, or the amount of sunshine according to precipitation and snowfall. In order to use the distributed power sources which can change the power generation at every moment more efficiently, a control system for management and transaction is indispensably required.

On the other hand, technologies and applications for Energy Storage System (ESS) are increasingly diffused as a concept separate from distributed power supply or as a device for improving the efficiency of distributed power supply. The energy storage device charges electric power generated from a generator or electric power supplied from a power system, and discharges the electric power when a large amount of power such as a power peak time period is needed. In other words, if the electric power is charged to the energy storage device during the low-price electric power time period and the electric power charged in the energy storage device is discharged during the high electric power power time period, economical benefit can be obtained. In addition, It is possible to reduce the cost due to the construction and operation of the power plant and to prevent environmental pollution. ESS can be used to easily manage the load even at the peak of the power. When combined with the renewable energy distributed power source, the power of the distributed power source can be constantly supplied. I can do it. A typical energy storage device is a battery-powered ESS. The battery-based ESS includes a battery to store electricity, and a related configuration such as a Power Conditioning System (PCS), an Energy Management System (EMS), and a Battery Management System (BMS) to efficiently manage the battery.

As the demand for electricity from industrial development increases year by year, and the amount of electricity used in each customer is also continuously increasing, it takes a lot of budget to construct electric power production facility or power plant. In addition to promoting the installation of renewable energy generation facilities, policies are being continuously promoted to encourage and support the installation of distributed power sources and ESSs to various consumers such as individual houses, apartment houses, office spaces, and factory facilities. However, the cost of deploying distributed power and ESS is high, and because the required configurations are diverse and complex, it is a great burden to install and manage distributed power sources or ESSs for the customer. Above all, the distributed power source and the ESS differ in power consumption and usage pattern depending on the characteristics of the installation site and location, and there is a problem that the energy utilization and saving effect after the construction must be managed so as to be maximized. For Ghana's small-scale power generation companies, it is necessary to be able to utilize the power generated from distributed power source and ESS as much as possible, and the entire resources should be managed as efficiently as possible in the region or country.

In order to overcome these problems, a smart grid and a micro grid technology capable of power trading within a power grid have been developed and various attempts have been made between a small power producer such as a distributed power source and a power consumer consuming it. In other words, a consumer owns a distributed power source such as a photovoltaic power generation facility, uses a distributed power source for the power consumption of his facilities, and sells the remaining power to other consumers through a power grid, There are also small-scale power generation companies that install and operate distributed power sources such as photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation for sales purpose only. However, even if the power trading is performed through the power grid, the manager of the power grid can only sell in a desired time zone and manner, and a direct deal between the producer and the consumer is not practically impossible. Even if the direct trade is possible, There is a problem that a lot of wasted power is wasted at that time when viewed from a real-time viewpoint. In addition, since it is a centralized transaction that puts a transaction system in the middle, a separate transaction system must be constructed and operated. In addition, a lot of computing resources are required in accordance with the increase in security issues and data amount due to the complicated transaction processing. In particular, power trading among individual objects within a power grid may be easy, but when viewed from the overall standpoint of each grid, generation power remains in one grid due to power generation capacity, power consumption, and storage space imbalance, There is an imbalance such as the storage space of the device, so it is urgent to develop a technology for balanced power generation, consumption and storage of the power grid.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a distributed control method for a transmission power forecast for a power network according to the present invention, which is based on real-time data for each power network, wherein the generated power (KW, MW) (KW, MW) in a power network having a power network (KW, MW) larger than the sum of the power consumption (KW, MW) ) In other words, after finding the grid with free space that can be stored in the energy storage device, surplus power is supplied and stored in real time through the transmission forecast. On the contrary, in the grid with storage space, And to provide a method for receiving and storing surplus power in real time through a transmission and transmission view.

Here, the real-time supply of surplus power means that a power grid having a storage power reserve is supplied with power as much as surplus power from the transmission forecast for the same period of time during which surplus power is supplied from a power grid having surplus power to the transmission / In the viewpoint of transmission and transmission, the power supplied and the power to be supplied are offset, and each power network has the same effect as sending and receiving power through transmission and transmission.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a surplus power supply system in which a surplus power grid supplies surplus power in real time via a transmission / distribution view, and a power grid having storage surplus power supplies and supplies surplus power through a transmission / Distributed power trading, in which power is supplied from one side and power is supplied and stored at the same time, through the exchange of information and determination between the power networks, without having a centralized transaction system, a control system or a mediation system. And a method of supplying the same.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a power grid having a surplus power and having a storage power margin so that surplus power can be stored as much as possible, After receiving the proposal request signal, the system receives the proposal signal from the power grids having the storage power reserve, and selects the power grid to store the surplus power. When the surplus power is larger than the storage power reserve, The present invention provides a method of transmitting a proposal request signal to a power network having surplus power centered on a power network having redundant power and selecting a power network to receive surplus power by receiving a supply proposal signal from power networks having surplus power do.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a system and method for providing surplus power in real time through a transmission and transmission viewpoint and storing power supplied to a storage space when a surplus power can not be stored in one power grid, In contrast, when the power stored in the energy storage device in one power network can not be covered by surplus power supplied from one power network, it is possible to supply surplus power to a plurality of power networks , And to provide a multi-party power trading method.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a surplus power supply system and a surplus power supply system for a power grid system having surplus power, Real-time fluctuation information on the power is transmitted so that only the amount of power supplied is stored in the energy storage device.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method of selecting a power grid having a redundant power grid or a power grid having a redundant power grid in order to select a power grid having surplus power, It is aimed to provide a method of selecting a strategic priority, such as a power grid, a short-distance grid, or a power grid previously supplied or supplied to the grid.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for supplying surplus power of one power grid to an energy storage device of another power grid and storing the same in a relatively short period of time The present invention can minimize the fluctuation of the surplus electric power that may be generated due to changes in the conditions such as the generation electric power and the power consumption. On the other hand, when the fixed time (first time) (1 st hour), the supply-demand relationship of the power networks that have been linked to each other in the supply-demand relationship for a predetermined time (the first hour) continues to be maintained. As a result, the surplus power is stably supplied for a long period of time The present invention provides a method for providing a plurality of data streams.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a power supply apparatus and a power supply apparatus which suspend power supply and storage of a power supply network and a power supply network when a supply power is reduced in a power supply network for supplying surplus power to an energy storage apparatus of another power supply network, And to find a new power grid to provide surplus power in this scarce power grid.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a surplus power supply system and a surplus power surplus power supply system in which, when a surplus power is supplied from another power network, And a method for storing the same.

Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a power supply control apparatus and a power supply control method for a power supply apparatus that can reduce power consumption by supplying a proposal cancellation signal to a power supply network, And to find a new power grid to provide surplus power in this scarce power grid.

It is still another object of the present invention to prevent forgery and falsification of transmission data by further including a hash value having been hashed with each other in a signal to be exchanged with a power network, The purpose of the present invention is to stabilize the transaction by providing authentication means for encrypting the hash value with the key and by allowing the receiver to decrypt the authentication signal with the public key of the sender, .

In order to achieve the above object, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a smart grid transmission system including at least two distributed power sources and / or at least one energy storage device, A method of controlling a distributed power supply and an energy storage device for each of the control systems to trade power on the basis of real-time measurements, comprising the steps of: in each grid, generating power, A first storage power which is power consumed as power consumed in the energy storage device and a second storage power which is a power that can be additionally stored in the energy storage device of the own device are measured in real time at the current time point, If there is power being supplied to another power network among the powers, it is included in the power consumption The first step; In each of the power grids, surplus power that can be supplied to other power grids among the generated power grids, or storage surplus power that can be stored in the energy storage device by receiving the surplus power from another power grids, Wherein the magnitude of the surplus power is calculated according to the magnitude of the generated power, the power consumption and the first stored power, and the magnitude of the stored free power is calculated based on the generated power, the power consumption, A second step of calculating power according to the second storage power and the magnitude of the surplus power supplied from another power network; In the respective power grids, after calculating the sum of the surplus power and the total storage power for all the power grids, it is determined as the first mode if the sum of the stored spare powers is larger than the sum of the surplus powers, If the first mode is selected, the power grid having the largest surplus power is set as the first power grid, and all the power grids having the reserved reserve power are set as the second power grid, and in the second mode, A third step of using the largest power network as the first power network and all the power networks having the surplus power as a second power network; The method of claim 1, wherein, in the first power network, the surplus power is continuously supplied or set as a time to supply the surplus power to a first time, and a proposal request signal including its own identification code and the first time is received in a proposal request signal, A fourth step of transmitting to the power network; A fifth step of verifying the proposal request signal in the second power network and transmitting a proposal containing its own identification code and a stored degree or a possible degree of availability to the first power network in a proposal signal; Selecting one or more of the second power networks as a third power network in the first power network, setting a supply limit of each of the third power networks in consideration of the stored degree or the available degree of supply, A sixth step of transmitting a proposal acceptance note including a time and a start time of the first time in a proposed acceptance signal to each of the third power grids; A seventh step of transmitting, in the third power network, an acknowledgment including an own supply limit by the proposed consent order, the first time, and the start time, to the first power network; The method of claim 1, wherein in the first power network, after verifying the acknowledgment signal, supplying the surplus power for the first time from the start time to the transmission view in the first mode, And transmitting the generated power to the third power network; and if the second mode is selected, receiving power from the transmission / reception view and storing the power in the energy storage device of its own; In the third power network, power is supplied from the transmission view in the case of the first mode for the first time from the start time, and is stored in the energy storage device of the third power network according to the real time variation information, 2 < / RTI > mode, adjusting the generated power according to the variation of the power consumption while supplying power to the transmission / reception outlook; Performing the first to seventh steps again from a predetermined time before the first time period ends until the first time period ends in the first power network and the third power network, Performing the eighth step and the ninth step again; Wherein said step of continuously repeating step 10 is as long as said first power grid can supply said surplus power in said first mode, The starting time is the same as the ending time of the first time determined in the fourth step which was repeated immediately before in the sixth step which is repeated by the step 10, In the second step, which is repeated in step 10, the surplus power of the first power grid or the third power grid is calculated by subtracting the power that is being supplied by the eighth or ninth step that was repeated immediately before from the power consumption Calculating a value of the storage power of the first power grid or the third power grid in the second step which is repeated by the step 10, There To the electric power as a distributed control method of the songbae view for the power manganese power exchange, it characterized in that a value obtained by adding the power storage margin is preferred.

Further, in addition to the above-mentioned features, the calculation of the surplus power and the storage allowance power in the second step may include: - a power grid without an energy storage device and with a distributed power source, the generated power being greater than the power consumption, There is a distributed power source and an energy storage device, wherein the first stored power and the second stored power are absent and the generated power is greater than the consumed power, or there is a distributed power source and an energy storage device, In the case of a power grid in which the generated power is larger than the power consumption and the first storage power is smaller than the difference between the generated power and the consumed power, the power grid has a surplus power of the following size,

* Surplus power = (Generation power - Power consumption) - First storage power

- a distributed power source and an energy storage device, and wherein the first stored power and / or the second stored power is a power grid without a distributed power source and an energy storage device, the first stored power and / Wherein the generated power is greater than the consumed power and the generated power is greater than the consumed power and the stored power and the energy storage are present, In the case of a power network in which the power difference is equal to or less than the first storage power, the power grid has a storage margin power of the following size,

* Storage power reserve = First storage power + Second storage power - (Generated power - Power consumption) - Surplus power supplied from other power grid

And the remaining power network is a power network that does not include the surplus power and the reserved margin power. The distributed control method of transmission power forecast for power network power trading is also preferable.

In addition, in addition to the above-described features, each of the control systems includes respective priority information for selecting the third power network when the power network to which it belongs becomes the first power network, and in the sixth step (N is an integer equal to or greater than 1) sequentially from a power network having a higher priority according to the priority information when the first power network selects the third power network, The storage capacity is selected until the sum of the storage limits is greater than the redundant power and the sum of the available degrees of availability in the second mode is greater than the storage allowable power, 1 The supply limits for each of the third power networks defined by the power grid are as follows,

- the (n-1) th third power grid supply limit = the respective storage limit or supply possible degree

- nth third power grid supply limit = surplus power or storage power margin - (sum of supply limits up to n-1)

Wherein the real-time fluctuation information is decreased in a descending order from a supply limit of the n-th third power network when the surplus power decreases, and is increased in ascending order when the surplus power is increased, Further comprising the step of, when the first power network selects the third power network, selecting, in spite of the priority information, a third power network that was selected immediately before the first power network, It is also preferable to use a distributed control method of transmission /

In another embodiment of the present invention, in the first mode, in the ninth step, the third power grid maintains a state in which the supply limit by the real-time fluctuation information is reduced to a predetermined size or less for a second time The third power network sends a suggestion cancellation signal to the first power network and stops storing power from the transmission / reception view for its own energy storage device, and in the ninth mode, And transmits a supply cancel signal to the first power network and stops power supply to the transmission / distribution view when the power supply to the transmission / distribution view does not reach the supply limit due to the power or the variation of the power consumption, In the second mode, in the eighth step, when the first power grid receives the supply cancel signal from the third power grid, Wherein the control unit reduces the amount of power stored in the energy storage unit by the supply limit of the third power network that transmitted the supply cancellation signal and stores the reduced power control amount. .

In addition, each of the control systems includes a private key and a public key for each control system of the other power network, and the proposal request signal includes a first hash value obtained by hashing the proposal request, Further comprising a first authentication code obtained by encrypting the second hash value including the first hash value with the first hash value and the second hash value with the private key of the first power network, And verifies whether the hash value including the first hash value in the proposal request and the value obtained by decoding the first authentication code with the public key of the first power network match with each other and verifies the verification result, 2 hash value and the third hash value including the second hash value in the proposal, and the proposed acceptance signal includes the third hash value and the third hash value in the proposal acceptance The fifth hash value including the fourth hash value and the fifth hash value including the fourth hash value in the acknowledgment, and the fourth hash value including the fifth hash value, Wherein the verification of the acknowledgment signal further comprises a value obtained by hashing the fourth acknowledgment including the fourth hash value and a value obtained by hashing the second acknowledgment code with the second authentication code, The first hash value included in the proposal request signal is compared with a value decrypted with the public key of the third power network, And the fifth hash value is used as the fifth hash value.

As described above, according to the present invention, a distributed control method for transmission power forecasting for power network power trading can be realized by using real-time data for each power network, using surplus power through a judgment algorithm created by the present invention In addition to finding the power grid and the grid with free space that can be stored in the energy storage device, it is possible to calculate the magnitude of the surplus power and the storage margin power for the grid, and the surplus power The surplus power can be supplied and supplied to each other by searching the power grid to supply in real time or the power grid to be supplied. Therefore, if the generated power of the distributed power source exceeds the power consumption in the grid, surplus power stored in the energy storage device of the own network can be sent to the energy storage device of another power network, And it is possible to deal with other power and power network units for the power that is left and traded through the internal trading system in one power network.

As a result, power is produced in comparison with the amount consumed, whereas in the case of a power network lacking energy storage devices, power can be transferred to a power grid with sufficient capacity for energy storage facilities, Therefore, it is possible to maximize utilization of the generated power of the distributed power source. In other words, by sharing surplus power between power grids and sharing storage space, it is possible to minimize surplus power in the entire power network and to minimize empty storage space, thereby maximizing energy utilization and minimizing facility investment . Also, it is advantageous to construct a distributed power source at a low cost because it can use the ESSs remaining in other power grids as much as possible even if the capacity of ESS for distributed power sources for supplying distributed power is slightly reduced in constructing distributed power sources.

In addition, in the present invention, when there is a large empty storage space compared to the surplus power, the power network having surplus power is the center, and after sending a proposal request signal to the power grid having the reserve power, The surplus power can be stored as much as possible because the power network having power is selected to select the power grid for storing the surplus power by receiving the proposal signal from the power grid. And to use the method of storing the surplus power as much as possible in accordance with the real time fluctuation information after securing sufficient free storage space. On the other hand, when surplus power is larger than the storage space, the power grid having a margin in the energy storage facility becomes the center and sends a proposal request signal to the power grid having surplus power, It is possible to utilize the free space of the storage as much as possible. This is because the power network having the storage space is the center, and the power to find and supply the surplus power is maximized And then save it. Therefore, the present invention can save surplus power as much as possible even if the supply / demand status of the transmission forecast is changed because the demand-supply counterpart is connected in an optimal method by comparing the free space with the surplus power.

In addition, in supplying or storing surplus power, surplus power can be stored only during the first time corresponding to the status of distributed power generation and load characteristics and in a relatively short time, It is possible to effectively store and distribute the generated power, and to measure the current generation status of surplus power in real time and to reflect it at any time, so that it is possible to actively cope with the generation characteristics of the renewable energy dispersed power source such as solar light, have. Here, the first time may be set to a long time such as one hour or two hours in a time zone where the power generation output and the power consumption do not fluctuate, but it may be set to several minutes or even several tens to several seconds in the unstable power generation Do. It is also possible to set it to change flexibly according to the situation of the power network, but it is also possible to fix it to the minimum necessary time, so that the surplus power remaining in any situation can be stored as much as possible.

In addition, it is also possible that the first power network again selects the third power network to prepare for receiving the surplus power supply or the surplus power supply, which is just before the end of the first time, from a certain point before the end of the first time, The first power grid can supply or supply surplus power to the first power grid because the surplus power is supplied or supplied to the new third grid in accordance with the ending time and the new first time is started as soon as the first time is over. In addition, when selecting a new third power grid, the third power grid, which was supplied immediately before, is selected first, so that the supply and demand relationships between the first and third power grids are maintained and power can be continuously supplied and supplied. Therefore, even if the first time is shortened in preparation for the fluctuation of surplus power, the connection state between the first power grid and the third power grid can be continuously continued.

In addition, in the case of supplying surplus power among the grid and supplying or storing the surplus power through the grid, if surplus power can not be stored in one grid, surplus power can be supplied to a plurality of grid. In this case, it is possible to maximize the utilization of the energy storage devices in each power network. In the opposite case, surplus power supplied from one power network is stored In the case where the power is smaller than the allowable power, since surplus power can be supplied from a plurality of power networks, even if surplus power is generated in each power network, it is possible to store the surplus power as much as possible. Maximize the utilization of storage devices It has an effect.

In addition, it is possible to continuously calculate surplus power and stored surplus power, and not to send and receive power, while sending and receiving a surplus power between power grids, It is possible not only to send an additional proposal request signal to a power network other than the presently supplied power network, but also to send an additional proposal request signal to the power network in the case where surplus power is stored in the energy storage device of the power network receiving the surplus power. When a failure occurs in the storage of the energy storage device of the power network to be supplied due to the reduction of the surplus power of the currently supplied power network, the presently supplied power network transmits a cancellation signal of the proposal, If the receiving grid is a new grid Because it allows to respond to new requests for proposals from the signal, there is an effect that can respond in real time to actively against the excessive power status changes.

In addition, in the case of a power network having surplus power, it is possible to supply the power network having the storage power margin flexibly in real time in accordance with the surplus power fluctuation. In the case of the power network supplied with surplus power, Or maximizing the utilization of the energy storage device and thereby maximizing the amount of electric power trading, by canceling the supply from the present electric power network and changing it to another electric power network by maximizing the production electric power of the distributed electric power source, Ultimately, it has the effect of maximizing energy utilization efficiency.

In addition, based on predicted data on power generation and power consumption, it is not shared or traded but is shared or traded based on real-time measurement data. In other words, it is possible to accurately measure the surplus power of each power grid in real time, to grasp the power grid having the storage power reserve in real time, and to store the surplus power in the storage free space according to the current situation. Power can be saved without leaving anything, and when there is a lot of surplus power,

Each control system also includes priority information for selecting a third power network when the power network to which the power network belongs is the first power network. When the first power network selects the third power network, priority information , It is possible to prioritize them according to the strategic order of the grid or the power grid, in the order of lower storage cost or lower supply cost or shorter distance, since the grid is selected sequentially from the higher priority grid. For example, it is possible to use a power network that has previously supplied surplus power to itself or a power grid that has supplied surplus power to the power grid as a third power grid.

In addition, since the distributed power supply and the energy storage device are shared between each power grid, it is possible to utilize the energy storage device of another power grid without installing additional energy storage device in the power grid, which is an excess power of distributed power, There is an effect that power can be efficiently stored in the storage device.

In addition to centralized power exchange, it is possible to supply power through direct request and acceptance between each grid control system, so that it is possible to directly deal with power grid power without the inter-grid interconnection system, Therefore, there is an advantage that the power can be traded without a separate power trading system.

In addition, the signals transmitted between the first and third power grids, that is, the proposal request signal, the proposal signal, and the like include not only the hash value hashing the content, but also the hash value including the previous hash value. Since the received signals are connected to each other through the hash value, it is impossible to forge or change the signal, and in order to forge or falsify a single signal value, all signals exchanged between the first power network and the third power network must be corrected. Therefore, even if the power manganese direct transaction is performed, the transaction stability between the transaction parties can be improved.

In addition, the proposal request signal corresponding to the first signal among the signals connected to each other by the hash value includes a first authentication code obtained by encrypting the hash value with the private key of the first power network, and decrypts the proposal request signal using the public key of the first power network in the third power network And a second authentication code obtained by encrypting the hash value with the private key of the third power network is included in the acknowledgment signal corresponding to the final signal so as to be decrypted and verified by the public key of the third power network in the first power network, There is an effect that stabilization of the electric power trading between the power networks can be achieved by providing the means for verification and non-repudiation of the electric power amount.

That is, according to the present invention, the signals exchanged between the first power network and the third power network, that is, a plurality of transactions for one transaction are mutually connected to each other through a hash value, and the initial signal and the final signal are transmitted to the sender's private key It is possible to prevent the forgery and falsification of signals exchanged between the first power grid and the third power grid by decrypting the authentication code having the hash value encrypted by the receiver with the public key of the sender and verifying the reliability, It is possible to greatly enhance the stabilization and reliability of the power network electric power trading, and even if only the initial signal and the final signal are encrypted without encrypting all the signals, since the intermediate signals are coupled to each other through the hash codes, Enhance security without burdening encryption during signal generation and transmission .

1 is a configuration diagram showing a system to which the present invention is applied.
Figure 2 illustrates a method and procedure flow for determining a power grid with surplus power and a power grid with stored surplus power in the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows a calculation table for explaining the calculation of the determination of the surplus power and the power grid with the storage power margin and the calculation of the surplus power and the storage power margin.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining whether a transmission / reception view state is a first mode or a second mode according to the present invention.
5 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for selecting a third power network to supply surplus power when the first power network is in the first mode and storing surplus power to be supplied to the third power network in the first mode.
FIG. 6 illustrates a flow of a process in which a first power network selects a third power network in a first mode in the present invention.
7 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure in which a third power network proposes a storage for a new first power network in a first mode in the present invention.
8 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for transmitting a cancellation signal to a first power network in a third power network in a first mode in the present invention.
9 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure in which a first power grid selects a third power grid to receive and store power in a second mode and a third power grid supplies surplus power in the second mode.
FIG. 10 illustrates a flow of a procedure for the first power network to select a third power network in the second mode in the present invention.
FIG. 11 illustrates a procedure flow including a structure for a signal transmitted / received between a first power network and a third power network in the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail in order to clarify the objects and features described above, and those skilled in the art will readily understand the technical idea of the present invention. In describing the present invention, it is to be understood that any known technology related to the present invention has already been known in the art, and if a detailed description of the known technology is considered to unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, It will be omitted.

In addition, although the term used in the present invention is selected as a general term that is widely used at present, there are some terms selected arbitrarily by the applicant in a specific case. In this case, since the meaning is described in detail in the description of the relevant invention, It is to be understood that the present invention should be grasped as a meaning of a term that is not a name of the present invention. The terminology used in the description of the embodiments is used only to describe a specific embodiment, and is not intended to limit the embodiments. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

The embodiments are capable of various modifications and may have various additional embodiments, in which specific embodiments are shown in the drawings and are described in further detail in connection with the drawings. It should be understood, however, that the embodiments are not intended to be limited to the particular forms, but are to be understood to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the embodiments.

The expressions "first", "second", "first" or "second" among the descriptions of various embodiments can modify various elements of the embodiments, but do not limit the elements. For example, the representations do not limit the order and / or importance of the components. The representations may be used to distinguish one component from another.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a system to which a distributed control method for transmission power forecast for power network power trading according to the present invention is applied. As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention includes one or more distributed power sources 120, or one or more energy storage devices 130, or one or more distributed It is desirable to apply to a smart grid transmission view that includes a power grid 100 that is partitioned to include both a power source 120 and one or more energy storage devices 130. In the present invention, each control system 101 included in each power grid 100 calculates the power consumption (KW, MW) consumed in the load facilities of its own power grid, the generated power (KW, MW) of the energy storage device included in the electric power network (KW, MW), and the energy storage device included in the own electric power network (100) The control unit 130 and the distributed power source 120 are controlled. Here, each of the power grids 100 is preferably a smart grid or a micro grid power grid capable of remotely measuring the generation and use of electric power of an accommodation or an electric power facility by a smart meter or the like, and transmitting the electric power to the control system 101 or the like. It is preferable that the power grid 100 is connected to each other with a structure for receiving or supplying power through the transmission /

As described above, each of the power networks 100 may include the load facility 110 and the distributed power source 120, and may include only the load facility 110 and the energy storage device 130 Or both the load facility 110, the distributed power source 120, and the energy storage device 130. It is of course possible to include a power grid having only the distributed power source 120 or the energy storage device 130 without a load facility. In the case of the power network 100 including only the load facility 110 and the distributed power source 120, the generated power generated by the distributed power source 120 is completely consumed in the load facility 110 in the power grid 100 However, there are cases in which it is not completely consumed depending on time zones or temporary conditions. In some cases, the generated power generated by the distributed power source 120 may be greater than the maximum power consumed by the power grid 100. Therefore, there may be a variety of cases where surplus power is generated in the generated power generated by the distributed power source 120.

On the other hand, in the case where only the energy storage device 130 is included in the grid 100 in addition to the load facility 110, peak power management is performed such that the commercial power is charged at a time when the commercial power is low, Or for arbitrage trading. However, since there is no distributed power source 120 inside the power grid, it is not possible to use renewable energy generation power which can be supplied at a low cost, and it is necessary to charge using a low-price time zone of a commercial power source. The energy storage device 130 may not be fully charged depending on the situation or conditions of the power network, and a margin may be generated in the storage space of the energy storage device 130. As a result, the energy storage device 130 may not be fully utilized .

Also, in the case where both the distributed power source 120 and the energy storage device 130 are included in the power grid 100 together with the load facility 110, the generated power generated by the distributed power source 120 is supplied to the load facility May be used in the energy storage unit 110. In some cases, spare power is generated because the load facility 110 is not fully used. In the case where spare power is generated, it may be stored in the energy storage unit 130 will be. However, depending on the power generation and consumption time of the distributed power source 120, or depending on the load condition or characteristics of the power network, or even due to the excessive capacity of the distributed power source facility, There may be a situation where all the power is not consumed in the power supply 100 and surplus power is generated. That is, although the generated power generated by the distributed power source 120 is used in the load facility 110 in the own power network 100 and stored in the own energy storage device 130 with respect to the remaining available power, Surplus power may be generated due to failure to store all the spare power due to the facility capacity of the energy storage device 130 or various other problems. In addition, in the opposite case, the generated power of the distributed power source 120 is far lower than the power consumed by the load facility 110, so that the generated power is not used for energy storage for the energy storage device 130, The power storage for the energy storage device 130 may use only a commercial power source. The present invention provides a method for balancing supply and demand of power facilities through direct transactions between power grids when supply and demand imbalances occur in the storage space of the energy storage device compared to the generated power of distributed power sources in each power network.

Meanwhile, FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a method of determining whether a surplus power grid or a power grid having a storage surplus power according to a method of the present invention, and determining magnitudes (KW and MW) of surplus power and magnitudes (KW and MW) And Fig. Hereinafter, a procedure for calculating the surplus power and the storage margin power in each power grid 100 will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the control system 101 of each power grid 100 always determines whether the power grid 100 to which the power grid 100 belongs is a power grid having surplus power or a power grid having storage surplus power, And the remaining spare power is supplied to the other power network generated by the own power network, such that the surplus power is supplied from another power network, (S110 to s191, first and second steps), so that it is possible to always grasp the 'storage free power' that can be stored in the power saving area.

To this end, each of the control systems 101 included in each power grid 100 is connected to the power generation power supply (KW, MW), which is the power that can be supplied to the distributed power supply 120 included therein, (KW, MW) which is the power consumed in the load facility, the first stored power (KW, MW) which is the power stored in the own energy storage device 130 and the additional storage It is preferable to measure the second stored power (KW, MW) which is the possible power in real time at the present time. If there is power (KW, MW) being supplied to another power network among the generated power KW, MW (KW, MW), it is preferable to calculate it.

In the case of the generated power, after the production power (KW, MW) at present time, which can be generated from each of the distributed power sources 120 in the power network 100 belonging to the power network 100, is measured and collected, It is preferable that the generated power (KW, MW) is used (S110). It is also preferable that the generated power is only for the currently generated power in each of the distributed power sources 120 of itself, but it is also preferable to calculate the sum of the generated power that can not be generated at present but is immediately generated and supplied . In measuring the generated power, the control device included in each of the distributed power sources 120 measures and calculates its generated power (power under power + additional power available) and transmits it to the control system 101 And the control system 101 may calculate only the sum thereof, and the control system 101 may calculate the sum based on various measurement values transmitted from each of the distributed power sources 120.

In the case of the power consumption, each control system 101 remotely measures the average power (KW, MW) consumed at the present time in the load facility 110 of all customers included in the power grid 100 of its own, (S120), it is preferable that the control system 101 collects and calculates data to be measured and transmitted by using a meter capable of remote measurement such as a smart meter installed in each customer. As described above, when the surplus power is supplied from the power grid 100 to the other power grid 100 through the transmission / reception view 200, that is, in the case of the power grid having surplus power, Is also included in the power consumption. The reason why the power consumption includes the surplus power to be supplied to the other power grid 100 is to calculate the surplus power that can be newly supplied to another power grid at the present time. The power consumed in the own power network and the power being supplied to the own energy storage device 130 as well as the power already supplied to the other power network are all net power surplus power.

Each of the control systems 101 preferably grasps the power KW and MW stored in its own energy storage devices 130 in the power network 100 and sets it as the first storage power . The first stored power is the stored power MW, KW of the current energy storage devices currently stored in the power grid. If the energy storage device is a battery, the charging power MW, KW of the PCS And in the case of an air compression energy storage device (CAES), the current operating power (MW, KW) for starting the air compressor will be. The power source for the first stored power may include the generated power generated by the distributed power source of the first power source, the surplus power that is transmitted from another power source, And may be the electric power being charged. The reason for grasping the first stored power, which is the charging power in the present invention, is that the power stored in the respective power networks, that is, the presence or absence of the first stored power, It is possible to grasp whether the power is a power network or not, and the magnitude of the surplus power or the storage power margin varies depending on the magnitude of the first stored power. The present invention proposes a criterion for judging whether the power network having the surplus power or the power network having the reserved power margin is available by using various measurement results including the first stored power, The calculation formula is presented in detail, which will be described later in detail. In the present invention, a part of the first storage power is determined as a storage clearance power. If the first storage power, that is, some or all of the charging power is being charged by the power of the commercial power, And can be stored in a space that can receive and store surplus power. According to the present invention, even if there is the first storage power, which is the charge already being charged in this way, the part being charged by the commercial power source is discriminated to judge it as the reserve spare power and the spare power can be supplied instead of using the commercial power. Method, it is possible to minimize the energy storage used by the commercial power supply and store it using the maximum possible surplus power. Details of this calculation formula will be described later.

Each control system 101 also determines how much power is available to be stored in its own energy storage devices 130 in the power network 100 to which it belongs, (KW, MW), where the second stored power is the sum of the power magnitudes for charging the chargeable energy storage devices in the grid. It will therefore be the sum of the PCS size of the chargeable energy storage devices and should be the first stored power which is already being charged and is waiting to be discharged or being discharged or the current charging power. The second stored power does not mean the total amount of power (KWH, MWH) that can be stored but is the maximum power (KW, MW) that can be recharged at a time. The size (KW, MW) of the second storage power will be the size (KW, MW) of the storage power for the corresponding power network together with the size (KW, MW) of the first storage power. In order to grasp the first storage power and the second storage power, the control system 101 regularly collects charge and discharge information from each of the energy storage devices 130, (KW, MW) and chargeable power (KW, MW) for all of the energy storage devices (130) in the power grid (100) (KW, MW), and the sum of the chargeable powers (KW, MW) is the second stored power (KW, MW). On the other hand, even if there is power corresponding to the first storage power and the second storage power in the energy storage device 130, according to the charge and discharge schedule set by the owner of the energy storage device 130, It may be intentionally excluded due to unnecessary charging through electric power. It is preferable that the first storage power and the second storage power are automatically grasped in view of this case.

After measuring and calculating the generated power, the consumed power, the first stored power, and the second stored power, the control system 101 for each of the power grids uses the measured and calculated values to determine the power grid It is determined whether the power network has the surplus power, the power grid having the reserved spare power, or the power grid having neither the surplus power nor the reserved spare power, and the magnitude of the surplus power and the storage margin power are also calculated . The criterion according to the present invention for judging the power grid having the surplus power and the power grid having the reserved reserve power is shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. Hereinafter, description will be made with reference to FIG. 2 and FIG.

If the generated power at the present time is less than the power consumption in the case of the power network in which the distributed power source 120 is present without the energy storage device 130 in step S150, The generated power is completely consumed by the load equipment in the power network 100 and the insufficient part is not covered by the commercial power supplied through the transmission / Since there is no energy storage device 130, the storage available power also does not exist. Therefore, it is preferable that the state where the generated power is less than or equal to the power consumption in the power network in which the distributed power source 120 is present without the energy storage device 130 is determined as a power network having no surplus power and no saved spare power.

However, if the generated power is larger than the power consumption (s151) in the case of the power network in which the distributed power source 120 is present (s150) without the energy storage device 130, the difference between the generated power and the consumed power (KW, MW) of the surplus power is calculated based on the generated power (KW, MW) and the generated power (KW, MW) It is the difference value (KW, MW) from the power consumption (KW, MW). It is possible to supply power to other power networks as much as the surplus power. In this case, the formula for calculating the surplus power is as follows.

Surplus power = Generation power - Power consumption

Next, a case where both the distributed power source 120 and the energy storage device 130 exist in the power grid 100 can be considered (s160). There may be a state where neither the first storage power nor the second storage power is present in a power network in which both the distributed power source 120 and the energy storage device 130 exist in a state where the generated power is greater than the power consumption (s161). In this case, even if the energy storage device 130 is not fully charged or fully charged, the energy storage device 130 may not be charged at the present time by the management entity of the energy storage device 130 And no energy storage device 130 is being charged. Therefore, in this case, the difference between the generated power and the power consumption becomes the power network s180 having the remaining power without being consumed in the load facility inside the power network, and the magnitude of the surplus power is calculated (s181) As in the above case, we have the following formula.

Surplus power = Generation power - Power consumption

In the meantime, when the generated power is greater than the power consumption and the second storage power is not present and only the first storage power exists, the distributed power source 120 and the energy storage device 130 are both present. In this case, if the difference between the generated power and the consumed power is equal to or less than the first stored power, it means that all of the generated power is used for the consumed power and the first stored power, This can not happen. However, if the difference value between the generated power and the consumed power is greater than the charged power, i.e., the first stored power, the surplus power will be larger. That is, it means that the generated power is supplied to the consumed power and used for the first stored power. Therefore, if the generated power is greater than the power consumption and the difference between the generated power and the consumed power is greater than the first stored power (s162), the energy storage device 130 being charged in the power network 100 It is preferable to judge that it exists. The calculation of the magnitude of the surplus power in this case is as follows (s181).

Surplus power = (generated power - consumed power) - first stored power

In this case, both the distributed power source 120 and the energy storage device 130 are present, and when the generated power is greater than the power consumption, the second stored power and the surplus power may exist simultaneously The difference between the generated power and the consumed power is directly related to the difference between the stored power of the second stored power and the stored power of the second stored power, It will begin to be stored, which should appear as an increase in the first storage power. That is, if the second storage power is generated in a state where the generated power is greater than the consumed power, the energy storage device which has generated the second stored power immediately after the power corresponding to the difference between the generated power and the consumed power, Which will be the first stored power. If all of the energy storage devices generating the second stored power with the power corresponding to the difference between the generated power and the consumed power can not be charged, the remainder will exist as the second stored power. In this case, All of the differences in power consumption are used for charging the energy storage device, so that the generated power deviates from the state of being larger than the power consumption, and the state of no surplus power is obtained. Therefore, in the determination and calculation of the surplus power and the storage spare power according to the present invention, it is determined that the surplus power can not exist if the generated power is greater than the power consumption and the second storage power exists.

In the present invention, the conditions of the power grid for generating surplus power are as follows. (1) The distributed power source is required. (2) The generated power is greater than the consumed power. (3) (4) When there is a first storage power, the size of the first storage power should be smaller than the difference between the generated power and the power consumption. When these conditions are satisfied,

- if there is no energy storage device and there is a distributed power supply and the generated power is greater than the power consumption,

- a power grid having a distributed power source and an energy storage device, wherein said first stored power and said second stored power are absent and said generated power is greater than said consumed power,

- a power grid having a distributed power source and an energy storage device, the second storage power being absent, the generated power being greater than the power consumption, and the first stored power being smaller than the difference between the generated power and the consumed power,

It is preferable to determine the power network having the surplus power only in these three cases, and in other cases, surplus power can not be generated. In addition, it is desirable to calculate the magnitude of the surplus power that can be commonly applied in the above three cases as follows. In the following equation, the first storage power may be applied only in the third case, and in the remaining cases, 0 may be substituted.

Surplus power = (generated power - consumed power) - first stored power

Next, we examine the power grid with storage power reserve. The most representative case of having a reserve free power is the case of having the energy storage device 130 in the power network without the distributed power supply 120 (s170). In this case, since there is no distributed power source 120, the surplus power does not occur naturally and exists only in the case of having the stored spare power. However, even if the energy storage device 130 is provided without the distributed power supply 120, it may be determined that the storage power supply 120 does not have the storage power. In either case, the first storage power and the second storage power are both not measured. The absence of the first storage power means that there is no energy storage device being charged and that the second storage power is not measured means that the energy storage device 130 is not fully charged or is not chargeable, In this case, it should be judged that there is no storage power reserve. In the other case, there is the first storage power but the second storage power is not available. In the case where the surplus power is supplied from another power network, the power received is equal to or larger than the first storage power . In the present invention, the storage clearance power is the size of a space to receive and store surplus power from another power grid. In this case, there is no empty space (second storage power) to store while charging the energy storage device 130, It is preferable that the power is already being charged by receiving surplus power from another power network and therefore it is desirable that the surplus power to be supplied is not present.

However, in the case where only the first storage power exists in the power network having the energy storage device 130 without the distributed power source 120 (s171), surplus power is not supplied from another power network, or surplus power It is preferable to determine that the power is the power grid having the stored reserve power when the size of the supplied power is smaller than the first storage power (s190). The first storage power exists only in the power network having the energy storage device 130 without the distributed power source 120. The fact that the surplus power is not supplied in the other power network means that the entire first storage power is consumed by using the commercial power It means that the energy storage device is being charged, and this part needs to be replaced with the surplus power instead of the commercial power. Therefore, when the surplus power is not supplied from another power network, it is preferable to calculate the size corresponding to the entire first storage power as the storage spare power. In addition, even when the surplus power is being supplied from another power network, when the size of the supplied power is smaller than the first storage power, some of the first storage power is being supplied with surplus power, It is preferable that the portion is stored as the storage allowance so as to be replaced with the surplus power even for a portion stored as commercial power. That is, it is preferable that the portion corresponding to the portion being charged using the commercial power among the first storage power is calculated as the storage standby power in order to replace the remaining portion with the surplus power. Therefore, in the power network having only the distributed power source, it is preferable that the storage power margin calculation formula for the case where only the first stored power exists is as follows.

Storage reserve power = First storage power - Surplus power being supplied by another power network

On the other hand, in the case of the power network having only the second storage power in the power network having the energy storage device 130 without the distributed power source 120, there is no particular factor to be considered in step s171, It is preferable to judge that there is a storage margin power of In the case where the first storage power and the second storage power exist simultaneously in the power network having the energy storage device 130 without the distributed power source 120, Is combined with " the case of only the first storage power " and " the case of only the second storage power in the power network having the energy storage device without the distributed power source ', the storage power margin calculation formula in this case is preferably as follows .

Storage power reserve = first storage power + second storage power - surplus power being supplied from another power network

Next, a case will be described in which, in the power network in which both the distributed power source 120 and the energy storage device 130 are present (s160), the stored standby power is generated even when the generated power is greater than the power consumption see. In a power network in which both the distributed power source 120 and the energy storage device 130 are present, when the generated power is greater than the power consumption, only when the first stored power is measured, . This is because the difference value between the generated power and the consumed power does not go out of the power grid unless there is surplus power in a state where power remaining by the difference between the generated power and the consumed power is generated, And must be used for charging the storage device 130. However, when the generated power is larger than the power consumption and the first stored power exists, the storage power is not always the same. In the above case, Is generated, that is, "a power grid whose first storage power is smaller than the difference between the generated power and the consumed power" should be excluded. Therefore, when the generated reserve power is generated in a state where the generated power is greater than the consumed power, the difference between the generated power and the consumed power is equal to or less than the first stored power.

In this case, the power corresponding to the difference between the generated power and the consumed power is not sufficient for the charging power for the energy storage device 130. As a result, The portion exceeding the power corresponding to the difference between the power and the power consumption is that the commercial power or the surplus power is supplied from another power network and is being charged. It is not necessary to consider it because it is filled, but for the part supplied by the commercial power, it should be calculated as the reserve power to be filled with the surplus power of the other power network. Therefore, if only the first storage power exists and the first stored power is greater than the difference between the generated power and the consumed power, the remaining portion is filled with the surplus power supplied from the power network different from the commercial power. It is necessary to calculate only the storage margin power. Therefore, in this case, the storage allowance power is not the stored spare power because the difference between the generated power and the consumed power of the first stored power is a portion supplied from the distributed power supply 120. Also, Since it is supplied with surplus power, it should be excluded from the above storage power reserve. Therefore, in this case, there is only a first storage power of the " power grid in which the generated power is larger than the consumed power and the first stored power is smaller than the difference between the generated power and the consumed power in the power grid in which both the distributed power source and the energy storage device are present & It is preferable that the storage power margin in the power grid is calculated by the following equation.

Storage power reserve = First storage power - (Generated power - Power consumption) - Surplus power supplied from other power grid

If the second storage power is present at the same time in the above case, that is, " in a power network in which both the distributed power source and the energy storage device exist, the generated power is greater than the consumed power, For the power network in which the first storage power and the second storage power are simultaneously present among the 'small power grid', it is necessary to calculate the storage free power including the space not currently being charged, that is, the portion corresponding to the second storage power , The calculation formula is preferably as follows.

Storage power reserve = First storage power + Second storage power (Generation power - Power consumption) - Surplus power supplied from other power grid

On the other hand, in a power network in which both the distributed power source 120 and the energy storage device 130 exist, the generated power is greater than the power consumption, and the first stored power and the second stored power exist simultaneously, If the stored power is equal to the difference between the generated power and the consumed power, the first stored power is entirely covered by the difference between the generated power and the consumed power, It is preferable to make only the part of the storage power reserve.

As another example, it can be considered that there exist both the distributed power source 120 and the energy storage device 130, and the generated power is equal to or lower than the power consumption. In such a case, The surplus power will not be generated because it is consumed in the load facility 110 in the portable terminal 100. In this state, if there is no first storage power but only the second storage power, the storage spare power will be the same as the second storage power. If there is no second storage power and there is only the first storage power, the first storage power is being charged with a commercial power or a power supplied from another power network because the generation power of the distributed power in the power grid does not remain. It is desirable to calculate only the portion that is being charged with the commercial power supply as the storage power margin. Therefore, in this case, it is preferable that the storage allowable power is given by the following formula.

Storage power reserve = 1st storage power - Surplus power supplied from other power grid

However, when the first storage power and the second storage power are measured in the same manner, it is preferable to add the second storage power to the storage power margin calculated as shown in the above equation.

Storage power reserve = First storage power + Second storage power - Surplus power supplied from other power grid

According to the present invention, the conditions of the power grid for generating the storage allowable power include (1) an energy storage device, (2) at least one of the first storage power and the second storage power is present If the generated power is less than the power consumption or the generated power is larger than the consumed power, the first stored power and the size of the first stored power must be larger than the difference between the generated power and the consumed power. When these conditions are satisfied,

- there is no distributed power source and there is an energy storage device, the power grid with the first stored power and / or the second stored power,

- a power grid having a distributed power source and an energy storage device, said first stored power and / or said second stored power, said generated power not exceeding said power consumption,

A power grid having a distributed power source and an energy storage device and having the first stored power, the generated power being greater than the power consumption, and the difference between the generated power and the consumed power being equal to or less than the first stored power,

It is desirable to determine that the power grid has a storage margin power only in these three cases. In other cases, the storage margin power can not be generated. In addition, it is desirable to calculate the magnitude of the stored free power that can be commonly applied in the above three cases as follows. In the following equation, the first storage power, the second storage power, and the surplus power to be supplied from the other power network can be applied only if they exist, and if they do not exist, 0 can be calculated.

* Storage power reserve = First storage power + Second storage power - (Generated power - Power consumption) - Surplus power supplied from other power grid

It is preferable that the remaining power grids other than the three types of power grids having the above-mentioned six types of power grids having surplus power and three types of power grids having the surplus power are determined to be the power grids without the surplus power and the storage spare power . For example, when the generated power is not more than the power consumption in the power network without the energy storage device 130 and the distributed power source 120, or when the distributed power source 120 and the energy storage device 130 are provided, 1 storage power and the second storage power, and the generated power is equal to or lower than the power consumption.

As described above, the present invention proposes a determination and calculation algorithm capable of accurately determining the power network having the surplus power and the power network having the storage power in real time and calculating the size accurately, And the energy storage device 130. It is also possible to perform a distributed power trading between the power networks through the control of the energy storage device 130. The power storage device 130 also detects a portion of the power stored in the energy storage device 130 that is being stored as a commercial power source, To save and store the free space and surplus power within the transmission plan view as much as possible.

In the present invention, as described above, the total size of the surplus power of all the power networks connected to the transmission and transmission view is compared with the total size of the storage clearance power, and different methods are applied according to the result. That is, in the first mode in which the total size of the storage clearance power is larger than the total size of the surplus power, a request is made to the power network having the storage clearance power in the power network having the surplus power. On the contrary, In the second mode, which is equal to or greater than the sum of the available power, a request is made for a power grid having a surplus power in a power grid having a storage margin power. In the present invention, in the second step, the control system included in each power network calculates the magnitude of the surplus power or the magnitude of the storage margin power for the power network to which the control system belongs, In the third step, the sum of the surplus power and the storage margin power of all the power grids including the power grids included in the respective power grids is calculated, Or whether the second mode is the second mode.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for determining whether the overall state of a transmission / distribution view to which each control system 101 is connected is a first mode or a second mode, according to the present invention. Referring to FIG. 4, (See connection point A) after the determination of the surplus power or the reserved spare power and calculation of the size. As shown in FIG. 4, the control system of each of the power networks transmits the calculation result of the magnitude of the surplus power or the magnitude of the storage power to the power network to which it belongs to all the other power networks (s201) The control system also calculates the sum of the surplus power for all the power grids based on the data received from the other power grids (s202), calculates the sum of the stored spare powers for all the power grids (s203) It is preferable to compare the sum of the sum of the storage power margin and the sum of the redundant power (s204). If it is determined in step s204 that the sum of the stored clear power is greater than the sum of the surplus power in step s204, (S206). If the mode is the first mode, the power network having the largest surplus power is set as the first power network, and all the power grids having the reserved power reserve are set as the second power network (s207) It is preferable that the first power grid is the power grid having the largest storage residual power and the second power grid is all the power grids having the surplus power (s207). When the determination of the mode and the determination of the first power network and the second power network are completed in each power network 100, the procedures to be performed are different according to the determination result (see connection point B and connection point C).

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a case where the first mode is determined to be the first mode in the third step. FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of determining whether the first power grid is a power grid having the largest surplus power among the power grid having surplus power, And selecting one or more of the second power networks to turn them into a third power network, and then supplying surplus power to the third power network. That is, it is determined that the first mode is selected among the procedure flows after the mode determination procedure described above with reference to FIG. 4 (see connection point B). Here, the reason why the power network having the largest surplus power is the first power network is to make the power networks having surplus power sequentially become the first power network. This is because if all of the surplus power networks find the second power network at a time and select the third power network, the third power networks can be selected redundantly. Since the magnitude of the surplus power and the storage margin power of each power network changes from time to time and even from a power grid having surplus power to a power grid having storage power reserve, a certain order can not be predetermined for each power grid, If the power grid with the largest surplus power is the first power grid, the first order is naturally determined, and then the power grid with the largest surplus power among the remaining power grids becomes the first power grid, so that the natural order is determined, 3 power grid. Since the present invention has such a configuration, it is possible to prevent redundant selection when the power network having the surplus power selects the power grid having the storage surplus power, despite being operated in a distributed manner in the control system of each power grid .

As described above, the first mode is to control distributed power trading around a power grid having surplus power. This method is advantageous in a case where the sum of the storage power margin for the power networks connected to the entire transmission view is larger than the sum of the surplus power, that is, the storage power is larger than the power remaining in the generated power or the storable storage space. This is because it is preferable to allow the storage device with the best condition (for example, the storage cost is inexpensive) to be selected with priority in view of the network having the surplus power, since there is a lot of free space in the storage device compared to the surplus power. This is because it is economically advantageous to store all the surplus power as much as possible and to store all the surplus power, since the spare space in the apparatus stores all the surplus power. Accordingly, the first power grid, which is the power grid having the surplus power, selects the third power grid, which is the power grid having the reserved reserve power, and uses the method of supplying the surplus power by selecting it to have a sufficient spare space. In other words, when the power network with surplus power has a storage capacity larger than the surplus power when considering the entire power networks connected to the transmission / transmission view, when the power network having the surplus power is selected, In this case, it is possible to store all the surplus power generated through the real-time fluctuation information in the third power network, and to store the surplus power in all the remaining power without leaving the surplus power. It is possible.

In the first mode, the first power network 100a, which is a power network determined to be the power network having the largest surplus power among the power networks connected to the transmission / transmission view 200, The first time is set in consideration of the situation of the battery 120 and the power consumption (s210). Here, the first time refers to a time period during which the first power grid 100a will continue to supply the surplus power to the other power grid 100. Accordingly, when the first time is determined and the supply of the first power is started, the first power supply 100a may supply the first power to the first power network 100a without changing the magnitude of the surplus power during the first time. Therefore, it is preferable that the first time is set in consideration of the fluctuation of power generation and power consumption of the distributed power supply 120 included in the first power network. More preferably, the power consumption and the predicted change trend of the load facility 110 for the load facility 110 with the power generation schedule of the distributed power source 120 in the first power grid 100a, It is preferable that the first time is elastically applied in an appropriate time period according to the time period. In order to do this, the control system 101 of each power network preferably has data on its own power network as a judgment data capable of properly setting the first time. Therefore, the first time may vary depending on the first power grid 100a, the time zone, the power generation conditions, etc., and may be a time when the load fluctuates severely or a change in generated power of the distributed power source 120 is severe or severe In the case of the expected time zone or the like, it is preferable to divide the time into the minimum time that the current state can be maintained, and it is also possible to set the first time to a sufficient time during the time when the generated power is stable and the load variation is not severe. According to the present invention, by supplying the surplus power by setting the first time within the range with no or small fluctuation of the surplus power, it is possible to supply and store stable surplus power at least during the first time period .

However, as described above, it is also preferable to resiliently set the first time in consideration of the fluctuation of the surplus power, but it is also preferable that the first time is fixed to a minimum short time. Since the fluctuation width of the surplus power is smaller as the first time is shorter, the power of the third power network can be stably stored by receiving the power with a small fluctuation width during the first time. On the other hand, if the first time is short, the relationship between the supplied power grid and the supplied power grid is likely to change at a rapid cycle, thereby making the supply and demand relationship of surplus power unstable. However, according to the present invention, the third power grid to be supplied with the surplus power is selected again before the first time is over, and since the third power grid selected last time is preferentially selected, Even if the time is started for one hour, the surplus power can be continuously supplied to the power supply network immediately before the supply of the surplus power, so that it is possible to maintain a stable supply-demand relationship even if the first time is set short. Accordingly, even if the first time is fixed and operated for a minimum time, the power network power transaction can be stably operated.

In the first mode, the first power grid 100a thus determines the first time (s210), and transmits a proposal request signal for supplying its surplus power to the second power grid, which is a power grid having the reserved reserve power, 2 power networks 100b, 100c, 100d, and so on (steps s210 to s220). Preferably, the proposal request signal includes the identification code of the first power network 100a itself and the first time. Herein, the identification code of the first power network 100a is transmitted to each power network 100 The identification code is preferably a unique code that allows each power network 100 to identify each other. The control system 101 of each power network 100 preferably includes information data on the identification codes of each power network so that different power networks can be identified and identified by the identification codes.

In the present invention, the magnitude of the surplus power is not required in the proposal request and proposal process, and in the case of the supply condition, It can be omitted because each control system 101 needs to have it. Accordingly, the amount of data exchanged between the control systems 101 of the power network 100 can be minimized, thereby reducing data traffic and speeding up processing and response. In addition, the proposal request signal includes a signal indicating whether the proposal request signal received by the power grids 100b, 100c, 100d, ... receiving the proposal request signal is a signal transmitted from the first power grids 100a It is preferable to further include an authentication code that can be verified. Details of the verification of the proposal request signal and the authentication code will be described later with reference to FIG.

On the other hand, the second power networks 100b, 100c, 100d, ... receiving the proposal request signal in the first mode can transmit the proposal request signals transmitted from the first power network 100a to the first power network 100b (S221), calculates the power that can be continuously stored for the first time in the energy storage device 130 in its own power network, stores it in the storage (s230), and transmits its own identification code And transmitting the proposal containing the storage limit in the proposal signal to the first power network 100a (s240). Here, the storage limit refers to a power (KW) capable of continuously supplying power for the first time considering the storage capacity (KWh) remaining in each of the energy storage devices in its own power network. For example, The maximum storage capacity (KW), that is, the size of the PCS, is 400 KW. If the first time is 3 hours, the storage limit should be 200 KW. It will be possible to continue storing for a period of time. However, if the storage capacity remaining in the energy storage device is 2MWh, the storage limit will be 400KW which is equal to the maximum charge capacity (KW).

The first power network 100a receiving the proposals transmitted by the second power grids 100b, 100c and 100d in the first mode transmits the second power grids 100b, 100c and 100d , The selected third power network 100b or 100d is selected as a third power network for supplying the surplus power to at least one of the first power network 100b and the second power network 100d, And a proposal acceptance note including the start time of the first time, which is a scheduled time for starting supply of the surplus power, to the third power network (100b, 100d) in the proposed acceptance signal . That is, when the second power networks 100b, 100c, and 100d transmit the proposal signals in step 240, the first power network 100a transmits power to the second power networks 100b, 100c, and 100d, (S250), and determines a supply limit for each of the third power grids 100b and 100d (s260), and then transmits the proposed acceptance signal to the third power grid 100b, (S270) to be transmitted to the mobile stations 100b and 100d. The reason for sending the start time of the first time is that when the first power grid 100a supplies surplus power to the transmission / reception view 200, at the same time, the third power grid 100b, The first power network 100a and the third power networks 100b and 100d are required to receive power from the start time to the power storage device 130 during the first time, And receives the supply. Details of how the first power network 100a selects the third power networks 100b and 100d and how to set the supply limits for the third power networks 100b and 100d will be described with reference to FIG. Will be described later.

In the first mode, when the third power grids 100b and 100d receive the proposed acceptance signal, the power supply limit, the first time, and the second power supply limit, It is preferable to carry out the seventh step of storing the acknowledgment including the start time in the acknowledgment signal and transmitting it to the first power network 100a (s280). In order to include the own supply limit, the first time, and the start time in the acknowledgment, it is necessary to include an acknowledgment for exchanging the same contents between the first power network 100a and the third power networks 100b and 100d Will be a kind of electronic contract. Therefore, it is preferable that the reception acknowledgment sent from the third power networks 100b and 100d further includes an authentication code such as the proposal request sent from the first power network 100a, Details of the verification of the authentication code and the verification of the first power network 100a with respect to the contents transmitted by the three power networks 100b and 100d will be described later with reference to FIG.

(S281). If the first power grid (100a) receives the reception acknowledgment signal, the first power grid (100a) transmits the surplus power (S290), and at the same time, generates the real-time fluctuation information of the supply limit according to the fluctuation of the surplus power and transmits it to the third power networks 100b and 100d (s300) Do. In the third power network 100b and 100d, power is supplied from the transmission / reception view 200 for the first time and is stored in the energy storage device 130 of the third power network 100b, ) To perform the ninth step.

Meanwhile, in the first mode, when the first power network 100a and the third power network 100b or 100d are performing the eighth and ninth steps, , The first to seventh steps are performed again (s340, s322) from the predetermined time point to the end of the first time period (s350) (s340, s322) (S351, S352) to perform the eighth and ninth steps again. It is preferable that the tenth step is repeated as long as the first power grid can supply the surplus power Do. Here, the predetermined time may be within a few seconds since the predetermined time is just before the first time ends and the first to seventh steps can be performed. Therefore, the predetermined time may be within a few seconds, If the transmission speed of the transmission network is fast, it may be several hundred to several tens of milliseconds (ms) or even several milliseconds. If the first power grid 100a is still able to supply surplus power immediately before the end of the first time period, the third power grid to be supplied with the surplus power is selected and waited in advance, The third power grid to be supplied with surplus power is already determined and waiting for the first power grid 100a, so that even if the first power grid 100a ends, There is no need to resume supply and resume. Therefore, there is an effect that the surplus power can be supplied stably and constantly. In addition, since the third power network to be newly selected just before the end of the first time can be assigned priority to the third power grids 100b and 100d selected immediately before the end of the first time, The third power grids selected at this time will be the same power grids as the third power grids 100b and 100d that were selected immediately before. Therefore, the connection relationship between the first power network 100a and the third power networks 100b and 100d can be continuously maintained. According to the present invention, all of the surplus power can be seamlessly traded and stored by controlling the distributed power source and the energy storage device based on the real time measurement value. If the fluctuation of the surplus power is severe due to the fluctuation of the generated power or the consumed power, the first time can be shortened and the transaction can be performed. On the other hand, even if the first time is short, The surplus power supply relationship between the first power grid 100a and the third power grid 100b and 100d can be maintained and stably maintained. Therefore, the first time may be longer than the time that the tenth step can be repeated once, and even if the state of the power network is very changed, the first time may be applied. Therefore, it is possible to operate the system without setting the length of the first time to be changed according to the situation of the power network, but by setting the time to more than the time that the tenth step can be repeated once.

In order to continuously and stably maintain the connection relation between the first power network 100a and the third power networks 100b and 100d in the first mode, The start time " in the sixth step performed by repeating the step is preferably equal to the end time of the " first time determined in the fourth step repeatedly performed immediately before ". That is, at the end of the first time, a new first time that is repeated by the tenth step starts immediately. In the second step, which is performed by repeating the step 10, the surplus power of the first power grid 100a is calculated by multiplying the surplus power supplied during the eighth step, It is preferable that the value is calculated after excluding it. This is because the surplus power remaining in the first power grid 100a during the first time period is a value excluding the surplus power supplied to the third power grid 100b, 100d at the original surplus power And if there is no fluctuation in the surplus power in the state where the predetermined time has elapsed from the start time of the first time, the surplus power at the present time after the predetermined time will be calculated as zero. However, since the surplus power that was supplied to the third power grids 100b and 100d can be supplied again at the time point when the first time that is repeated by the tenth step is restarted, The sum of the surplus powers presently being supplied is used as the surplus power at the next repetitive first time.

Similarly, in the second step, which is performed by repeating the tenth step in the first mode, the storage margin power of the third power network is calculated by multiplying the power being supplied by the eighth step, It is preferable that the value is added to the storage margin power. This is because the remaining storage power remaining in the third power network 100b, 100d during the first time period will be calculated as a value excluding the surplus power supplied from the first power grid 100a at the original storage power reserve , If there is no change in the supply power in a state where the predetermined time has elapsed from the start time of the first time, the storage allowance power at the present time after the predetermined time is calculated as zero, or the supply limit is calculated as zero It is calculated as a value equal to the storage margin power remaining at the start time of the first time. However, at the time point when the first time that is repeated according to the tenth step is restarted, since the storage standby power equivalent to the surplus power supplied from the first power grid 100a is generated again, The value obtained by adding the surplus power currently being supplied is set to the storage allowable power at the next repeated time.

6 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for selecting the third power grid according to the priority of the first power grid in the first mode of the present invention. Hereinafter, a method of selecting the third power network by the first power network will be described in detail with reference to FIG. The priority order for the first power network 100a to select the third power network may be selected sequentially from the power network having the lowest storage cost in the position of each of the first power networks, It is also possible to select them in order. However, it is also possible to preferentially select mutually by strategic alliances among power networks even if they are not distance or cost. Therefore, each control system 101 preferably includes priority information for selecting the third power network when the power network 100 to which the power network 100 belongs belongs to the first power network 100a, The priority information may be selected among the various methods described above. When the first power grid 100a selects the third power grid 100b 100d in the sixth step, which is repeated in the tenth step, in spite of the priority information, It is preferable to select the third power network 100b 100d as a priority. On the other hand, it is economically important for the nation as a whole to utilize the generated power of the distributed power source as much as possible and to reduce the commercial power supplied through the transmission and transmission perspective as much as possible. It is preferable to select the electric power network being charged, especially the electric power network having a large commercial power of the first storage power. For this purpose, it is preferable to calculate the commercial power charge power for the second power network having the first stored power of the second power network as follows, and preferentially select the third power network in order of decreasing calculated value.

Commercial Power Charging Power = First Storage Power - (Generated Power - Power Consumption) - Surplus power supplied by other power grid

As shown in FIG. 6, in the first mode, when the first power network 100a receives a proposal signal from the third power networks (s241), the third power networks are selected according to the priority order Dotted rectangle). That is, when the first power network 100a selects the third power network in the fifth step, a total of n (n is an integer equal to or greater than 1) (S251). Each time a third power network is added one by one, a total storage is added to calculate a sum (s252), and a sum of the respective storage limits is added to the surplus power It is preferable to repeat the selected and stored sums until it becomes larger (s253). (100h), 400KW (100h), 400KW (100h), and 200KW (100i), respectively, when the storage capacities of the four power grids are in the order of 900KW, The total of the storage limits becomes 1,100 KW and surpasses the surplus power (900 KW), so that the three power grids 100 f, 100 g and 100 h are the third power grids and the fourth power grid 100 i 3 power grid. However, if the sum of the respective storage limits is equal to or slightly larger than the surplus power, it is also possible to use the third power network to prepare for the change (increase) of the surplus power.

The first power grid 100a selects the third power grids in the fifth step and then sets the supply limit of the surplus power for each of the selected third power grids at step s260, The supply limit for each of the third power networks is preferably determined as follows.

- the (n-1) th third power grid supply limit = the respective storage limit

- nth third power grid supply limit = surplus power - (sum of n-1th supply limits)

Therefore, in the above case where three power grids are selected as the third power grids, the supply limits of the first and second third power grids are 300 KW (100 f) and 400 KW (100 g), respectively, (300KW + 400KW) = 200KW in the case of the third third power network 100h, it is preferable that the supply limit is 200KW.

Meanwhile, in the first mode, the real-time fluctuation information generated by the first power network 100a in the eighth step (s300) is a real-time fluctuation value of the supply limit for each of the third power networks, When the surplus power decreases in the first power grid 100a, it is preferably decreased in descending order from the supply limit of the nth third power grid, and when the surplus power increases, the power is increased in the ascending order. That is, as shown in the example in the following table, when the surplus power gradually decreases, the power supplied to the third power grid 100h gradually decreases, and after the third power grid 100h becomes 0, The supply power to the power grid 100g is decreased, and when the surplus power is increased, the increase is made in the reverse order.

Surplus power
(KW) Supply Limit (KW) first
The third power grid 100f, second
The third power grid 100g, third
The third power grid 100h, 900 300 400 200 880 300 400 180 800 300 400 100 690 300 390 0 670 300 370 0 690 300 390 0 750 300 400 50 850 300 400 150 900 300 400 200

In the present invention, it is preferable that the third power grid, which is supplied with surplus power from the first power grid during the first time period and is storing power in the energy storage device in the first mode, If the power supply is greater than the power supply limit, storage may be offered so that additional power can be supplied to the new first power network. This is a storage proposal for receiving additional power when the surplus power is received from the first power network and the power is being stored in the energy storage device but the size that can be stored in the own energy storage device still remains. In this regard, FIG. 7 shows a procedure flow in which the third power network 100h having the storage limit in the first mode is greater than the supply limit, proposes storage for the new first power network 100a '(in FIG. 5, As shown in FIG. 7, in the first mode, the third power grid 100h supplies power from the transmission / transmission scheme according to the real-time fluctuation information according to the supply limit sent from the first power grid 100a (S310), and if the supply limit is smaller than the storage limit (s311), the remaining storage space is not being used. Therefore, the utilization should be promoted. The storage limit of the third third power network 100h is 400 KW, but the supply limit from the first power network 100a is 200 KW. Therefore, 200 KW of the stored third power network 100 h is not utilized. (S312) when receiving a new proposal request signal from the new first power network 100a ', a value (200KW in the above example) excluding the supply limit in the storage limit is newly stored, The third power network 100h in which the supply limit of the third power network is smaller than the storage limit, before the first time elapses, When receiving a new proposal request signal from the first power network 100a '(s312), the third power network 100h transmits a value (200KW in the above case) to the new first power network 100a' (S313). When a new proposal acknowledgment signal is received from the new first power network 100a '(s314), a new proposal signal is transmitted to the new first power network 100a' (S315). In response to the real-time fluctuation information transmitted by the new first power network 100a ', the power control unit 100b transmits power from the transmission view 200 for a first new time determined by the new first power grid And stores it in the energy storage device 130 (s317).

In the present invention, in the first mode, the supply power to the third power grid decreases in a state in which the first power grid is short of the surplus power due to a change in the condition of the first power grid, When the power storage for the storage device is no longer established, the third power network can send a suggestion cancellation signal to the first power network to stop and store power in the energy storage device in search of the new first power network . FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for transmitting a cancellation signal to the first power network 100a in the third power network 100h in which the supply power is decreased in the first mode. As shown in FIG. 8, in the third mode, the state in which the supply limit by the real-time variation information is reduced to a predetermined size or less (S370) before the first time elapses in the third power grid 100h s321) If it continues for the second time (s322), it transmits a suggestion cancellation signal to the first power network 100a (s323), and stops the power storage from the transmission / distribution view 200 for its own energy storage device (s324). Here, it is preferable that the second time is determined in consideration of a decrease trend after the surplus power is generated in the first power network, a remaining time during the first time, and the like, but is shorter than the first time.

In the present invention, when the first power grid 100a additionally generates surplus power while supplying surplus power to the third power grids 100b and 100d in the first mode, the surplus power It is possible to find and store the empty space of the energy storage devices in the plurality of power supply networks 100 even if surplus power generated due to the change in conditions is additionally generated. That is, even if the surplus power fluctuates, there is an advantage that the variation can be immediately stored in the energy storage device in quick response. For this purpose, in the first mode, while the first power grid 100a is supplying surplus power to the third power grid 100b, 100d, before the first time elapses, 3 > and the power supply exceeds a sum of the supply limits, the power exceeding the sum of the supply limits is used as a new surplus power, It is preferable to perform the seventh step.

On the other hand, if it is determined in the third mode that the second mode is selected in the third step, the first power grid having the largest storage margin power among the power grid having the storage power margin is selected from among the second power grid, The third power grid is selected and the surplus power is supplied from the third power grid. That is, it is determined that the second mode is selected among the procedure flows after the mode determination procedure described above with reference to FIG. 4 (see connection point C). Here, the reason why the power grid having the largest free storage power is the first power grid is to make the power grid having the storage free power sequentially as the first power grid as described in the first mode.

The second mode is to control the distributed power trading centered on the power grid with storage power reserve. In this method, when the sum of the surplus power for the power networks connected to the entire transmission observation view is equal to or more than the sum of the storage spare power, that is, the storage space in all the power networks connected to the transmission / It is an advantageous method. Since there is a surplus of power in excess of the storage space, it is necessary to be able to select the surplus power with the best condition (for example, the supply cost is cheap) in view of the network having the storage device, This is because it is economically advantageous to maximize the storage space of all the storage devices and to store them without leaving any space. Therefore, in the second mode, the first power grid, which is the power grid having the storage clearance power, selects the third power grid, which is the power grid having the surplus power, but uses a method of selecting surplus power to supply the surplus power. In other words, when considering the entire power networks connected to the transmission / transmission view, the surplus power is larger than the storage space. Therefore, when the power grid having the storage space selects the power grid having the surplus power, , It is possible to supply a size capable of stably supplying in consideration of fluctuation of surplus power in the power supply network for surplus power. In this case, the supply limit is not changed even if the surplus power is somewhat changed. The size can be stored without fluctuation, so that it is possible to store the maximum amount of power that can be stored in real time in all the free space without remaining the space remaining in the free space.

If it is determined that the second mode is selected in steps s204 to s206, the first power network 100a, which is a power network determined by the power grid connected to the transmission / transmission view 200, It is preferable to set the first time in consideration of the situation of the distributed power source 120 included in the power network, the power consumption, and the remaining capacity (KWH) remaining in the energy storage device (s410). The first time is a time to be continuously supplied with the surplus power from the other power grid 100, as described in the description of the first mode, and will be omitted. In the second mode, the first power grid 100a determines the first time (s410), and transmits a proposal request signal to the second power grid 100b having surplus power , 100c, 100d,...) (S410 to S420). Preferably, the proposal request signal includes the identification code of the first power network 100a itself and the first time. Herein, the identification code of the first power network 100a itself and the contents of the proposal request are described before It is omitted because it is the same as described above.

In addition, the second power networks 100b, 100c, and 100d, receiving the proposal request signal in the second mode, transmit the proposal request signal transmitted from the first power network 100a to the signal transmitted from the first power network (S421), calculates the power that can be supplied continuously and steadily for the first time in its own power network, makes it available for supply (s430), and transmits its own identification code and the available availability And then transmits the proposal to the first power network 100a in step 440 by carrying the proposal in the proposal signal. Wherein the supply availability includes at least one of the power generation schedule of the distributed power supply 120 and the power generation of the distributed power supply 120 within the limit of the surplus power calculated by the second step, The power consumption and the predicted change trend for the load facility 110 with respect to time and the storable capacity (KWH) remaining in the energy storage device, etc., together with the conditions and the change trend thereof, . For example, if the load fluctuation or generation power change as a whole is low, a level slightly lower than the surplus power may be set as the available power, It is preferable to set a power which is much lower than the predicted level of the fluctuation limit of the surplus power to the supplyable power so as to have a sufficient margin.

The first power network 100a having received the proposal signal in the second mode may transmit power to at least one of the second power networks 100b, 100c and 100d via the third power networks 100b and 100d ), And then supplies to the selected third power grid (100b, 100d) the supply limit determined in consideration of the availability of supply, the first time and the first time, It is preferable to carry out the sixth step of transmitting the suggestion consent containing the start time in the proposed consent signal to the third power networks 100b and 100d. That is, when the second power networks 100b, 100c, and 100d transmit the proposed signal in the second mode, the first power network 100a may receive at least one of the second power networks 100b, 100c, and 100d (S450), determines the supply limit for each of the third power grids 100b and 100d (s460), and transmits the proposed consent signal to the third power grids 100b and 100d , And 100d (S470). The reason for sending the start time of the first time is that when the first power network 100a starts to store the surplus power from the transmission / reception view 200 and stores it in the energy storage device 130, 3 power networks 100b and 100d must supply surplus power with respect to the transmission and transmission view. The first power network 100a and the third power networks 100b and 100d may transmit the power transmission forecast for the first time from the start time And power is supplied and supplied through the power source. The details of how the first power network 100a selects the third power networks 100b and 100d and how to set the supply limits for the third power networks 100b and 100d will be described with reference to FIG. Will be described later.

In the second mode, when the third power grids 100b and 100d have received the proposed acceptance signal, their own supply limit, the first time, and the second time, respectively, It is preferable to perform the seventh step of transmitting the acknowledgment including the start time in the acknowledgment signal to the first power network 100a (S480). The reasons for including the supply limit, the first time, and the start time of the proposed acceptance in the acknowledgment form are the same as those in the description of the first mode, and therefore, they are omitted.

In the second mode, when the first power network 100a receives the acknowledgment signal, it verifies the receipt acknowledgment signal (s481) and transmits the acknowledgment signal from the transmission / reception view 200 And stores the power of the same size as the sum of the supply limits for each of the third power grids 100b and 100d determined in the sixth step (s460) It is preferable to perform the eighth step (s500). The third power grids 100b and 100d supply power to the transmission / reception view 200 during the first time from the start time, while supplying power according to the supply limit determined in the sixth step (s460) It is preferable to perform the eighth step (s510) of adjusting the generated power of the distributed power source 120 according to the variation of the power consumption. Adjusting the generated power of the dispersed power source 120 according to the variation of the power consumption may cause the surplus power to fluctuate according to the power consumption. Therefore, it is not desirable to change the power supply limit, So as to maintain the supply limit. Therefore, it is most preferable that the third power network 100b or 100d is set to a range capable of stably supplying the surplus power within the limit of the surplus power as described above when determining the supply availability in the fifth step (s430).

Meanwhile, in the second mode, when the first power network 100a and the third power network 100b or 100d perform the eighth and ninth steps, In step S520, the first through seventh steps are performed again from the predetermined time point to the end of the first time point S550 (S540 and S522). When the first time period ends (S550, (S551, S552) to perform the eighth and ninth steps again. In the tenth step, the first power grid receives the surplus power and transmits the surplus power to its own energy storage device 130 It is preferable to repeat it as long as it can be stored, that is, as long as it has the storage margin power. Here, the predetermined time is as described in the first mode. If the first power grid 100a is still able to receive and store surplus power immediately before the end of the first time period, the third power grid to be supplied with the surplus power is preliminarily selected and queued, In the first power network 100a, the third power network for supplying the surplus power is already determined and waiting. Therefore, even if the first power network 100a is in the waiting state, 200, and then need not be restarted. Therefore, the surplus power can be supplied stably and continuously. In addition, since the third power network to be newly selected immediately before the end of the first time can be assigned to the third power grids 100b and 100d that have been selected immediately before the end of the first time, If there is no significant variation with respect to the surplus power of the third power grid, the third power grids selected at this time will be the same power grid as the third power grids 100b and 100d that were selected immediately before. Therefore, the connection relationship between the first power network 100a and the third power networks 100b and 100d can be continuously maintained. According to the present invention, all of the surplus power can be seamlessly traded and stored by controlling the distributed power source and the energy storage device based on the real time measurement value. If the fluctuation of the surplus power is severe due to the fluctuation of the generated power or the consumed power, the first time can be shortened and the transaction can be performed. On the other hand, even if the first time is short, The surplus power supply relationship between the first power grid 100a and the third power grid 100b and 100d can be maintained and stably maintained.

In order to continuously and stably maintain the power supply-related connection relationship between the first power network 100a and the third power networks 100b and 100d in the second mode, the present invention performs " , The start time " in the sixth step is preferably equal to " the end time of the first time determined in the fourth step repeatedly performed immediately before ". That is, at the end of the first time, a new first time that is repeated by the tenth step is immediately started. In the second step, which is performed by repeating the step 10, the storage power margin of the first power grid 100a is calculated by multiplying the power that is being supplied from the first power grid by the eighth step And the surplus power of the third power grid is a value calculated by subtracting the surplus power that is being supplied to the first power grid by the immediately preceding repeating step 8 from the power consumption The reason for this is explained in the second step performed by the repetition of the tenth step in the first mode as well as the reasons for the description of the storage allowance of the third power network and the surplus power of the first power network Therefore, it is omitted.

10 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure for the first power network to select the third power network according to a priority order in the second mode. The method for selecting the third power grid by the first power grid in the second mode is similar to the description of the first mode with reference to FIG. 6. In the first mode, the sum of the storage limits Is selected until it becomes larger than the surplus power but is greater than the storage allowable power when the value obtained by adding each available degree in the second mode is larger than the storage allowable power, (N-1) th power supply limit in the case where the n-th third power grid supply limit is the first mode, and the limit is a storage limit for each of the first mode and the second mode, Th supply limit), but in the case of the second mode, the value obtained by subtracting the supply limit from the storage allowable power to the (n-1) th supply limit is different from the remaining value, Four, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

According to the present invention, in the second mode, the surplus power is reduced due to a change in the environment such as the power generation power or the power consumption in the third power network 100b or 100d, 1 power network 100a to fall below the supply limit, the power supply cancellation signal is transmitted to the first power network 100a and the power supply to the transmission power forecast 200 is stopped In the case where the first power grid 100a receives the supply cancel signal from the third power grid 100b or 100d, the first power grid 100a receives the supply cancel signal from the third power grid 100b or 100d, Can be reduced by the supply limit of the third power grids 100b and 100d that have transmitted the supply cancel signal.

In the present invention, for the purpose of preventing forgery and falsification of transaction contents exchanged between the first power network 100a and the third power networks 100b and 100d and preventing non-repudiation of transactions between transaction parties, Algorithm. To this end, a series of signals transmitted between the first and third power grids 100a and 100b and 100d, that is, from a proposal request signal transmitted from the first power network to a reception confirmation signal transmitted from the third power grids, A plurality of transactions (proposal request, proposal, acceptance, etc., steps 3 to 6) for establishing one unit transaction (surplus power supply-storage, seventh step and eighth step) And each unit transaction is also connected to each other through the hash value of the unit transaction before and after. In addition to including the hash value hashing the contents of each signal, the hash value includes the previous hash value, , The signals to be transmitted and received are connected to each other through the hash value, and the structure is not changeable. That is, to forge a signal value, all signals exchanged between the first power network 100a and the third power networks 100b and 100d must be corrected. All transactions are connected to the previous transaction received, Since the records are distributed and stored in the respective power grids, the forgery and falsification is intrinsically blocked, and therefore, the security is excellent. Therefore, even if the power manganese direct transaction is carried out without a separate intermediary system for surplus power, There is an effect.

In addition, the proposal request signal corresponding to the first signal in one unit transaction among the signals connected to each other by the hash value includes a first authentication (first authentication) in which the hash value is encrypted by the private key (PKI based private key) of the first power network 100a Code, the first authentication code is decrypted and verified by the public key (PKI-based public key) of the first power network 100a when it is confirmed in the third power network 100b or 100d, The reception confirmation signal corresponding to the final signal in one unit transaction includes a second authentication code obtained by encrypting the hash value with the private key of the third power network 100b or 100d, , The second authentication code is decrypted with the public key of the third power network (100b, 100d) and verified, thereby providing a means for verification and non-repudiation of the amount of power to be exchanged, Inner It is possible to reduce the screen. To this end, each of the control systems 101 preferably includes its own private key and a public key for each of the other power network 100 control systems 101. FIG. 8 illustrates a procedure flow including a structure for a signal transmitted / received between a first power network and a third power network. As shown in FIG. 8, the first power network 100a transmits the proposal request signal (S219), a first hash value obtained by hashing the proposal request including its identification code, the magnitude of the surplus power and the first time with a one-way hashing function is generated, and then the first hash value is added to the proposal request, Value to generate a second hash value hashed with the same hashing function. And generate the first authentication code in which the second hash value is encrypted with the private key of the first power network. The proposal request signal transmitted from the first power network 100a to the third power network 100b or 100d includes the proposal request, the first hash value, the second hash value, and the first authentication code (S220).

The third power network 100b or 100d having received the proposal request signal from the first power network 100a may use the hash function that is the same as the hash function used by the first power network 100a, The hash value including the first hash value is included in the proposal request, and the hash value is compared with a result obtained by decoding the first authentication code with the public key of the first power network 100a, It can be confirmed that the signal is from the first power grid 100a (s221). The proposal signal sent from the third power network 100b or 100d to the first power network 100a includes the second hash value and a hash value obtained by hashing the proposal and the second hash value with the hash function. 3 hash values (s239, s240).

The proposed acceptance signal sent from the first power network 100a to the third power network 100b or 100d includes a fourth hash value obtained by hashing the proposed consent form and the third hash value together with the third hash value, Value (s269, s270). Here, when generating the fourth hash value, the third hash value including all of the third hash values sent from all the power grids selected as the third power grids 100b and 100d is used as the fourth hash value It is more desirable to do this, which will further reduce the possibility of forgery and enhance security. The reception confirmation signal sent from the third power network 100b to the first power network 100a includes a fifth hash value obtained by hashing the proposed consent and the fourth hash value together with the fourth hash value And further includes a second authentication code in which the fifth hash value is encrypted with the private key of the third power network 100b or 100d (s279, s280).

The first power network 100a having received the acknowledgment signal decrypts the second authentication code with the public key of the third power grid 100b or 100d by using the value obtained by hashing the acknowledgment and the fourth hash value And confirms the acknowledgment signal (s281). Since the series of signals are linked through the hash values, if one of the series of signals is falsified or modulated, the connected hash values do not coincide with each other. Therefore, it is difficult to forge or modulate the signals, (First power network → third power network) and the final signal (third power network → first power network) each contain an authentication code encrypted with their own private key, so that not only is there a non-repudiation effect on transaction contents, Since signals exchanged in the middle, not the final, are connected to each other by a hash value to prevent forgery and falsification, the burden of computing resources due to encryption and decryption can be relieved and the processing speed can be increased .

In addition, in the third step performed by repeating the ninth step, the first hash value included in the proposal request signal may be the fifth hash value, The transactions being performed are continuously linked by the hash value of the previous transaction. That is, since each unit transaction performed during the first time period is connected to each other through the hash value with the unit transactions before and after, the security can be further strengthened.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above examples, the present invention is not necessarily limited to these examples, and various modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the examples disclosed in the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be construed according to the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope of equivalents should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention.

100 power grid
101 control system
110 Load Equipment
120 Distributed power supply
130 Energy storage device
200 Broadcasting Outlook

Claims (4)

In a Smart Grid transmission view that includes two or more compartmentalized power grids that include one or more distributed power sources and / or one or more energy storage devices, each control system included in each power grid may be configured based on the real- , The distributed power supply and the energy storage device are controlled in order to deal with the electric power. When the storable electric power is larger than the power that can be supplied when the whole transmission view is viewed, When the available power is large, the power network having the storable power is the center of control,
In each of the power networks, power generation power, which is power that can be supplied to its own distributed power supply, power consumption, which is power consumed in its own load facility, first storage power, which is power stored in its own energy storage device, A second step of measuring a second stored power, which is a power capable of being additionally stored, in real time at a current point of time and including power to be supplied to another power network among the generated power in the power consumption;
In each of the power grids, surplus power that can be supplied to other power grids among the generated power grids, or storage surplus power that can be stored in the energy storage device by receiving the surplus power from another power grids, However,
- the magnitude of the surplus power is calculated according to the magnitude of the generated power, the power consumption and the first stored power,
A second step of calculating a magnitude of the storage allowable power according to the generated power, the power consumption, the first stored power, the second stored power and the magnitude of the surplus power supplied from another power network;
In the respective power grids, after calculating the sum of the surplus power and the total storage power for all the power grids, it is determined as the first mode if the sum of the stored spare powers is larger than the sum of the surplus powers, Judging,
- if the first mode is selected, the power grid having the largest surplus power is set as the first power grid, and all the power grids having the reserved reserve power are set as the second power grid,
A third step in which, in the second mode, all of the power grids having the surplus power as the first power grid are used as the power grid having the largest available storage power;
The method of claim 1, wherein, in the first power network, a repetition time to be repeatedly supplied or supplied with the surplus power is determined to be a first time, and a proposal request signal including its own identification code and the first time is received in a proposal request signal, To a second power network;
A fifth step of verifying the proposal request signal in the second power network and transmitting a proposal containing its own identification code and a stored degree or a possible degree of availability to the first power network in a proposal signal;
Selecting one or more of the second power networks as a third power network in the first power network, setting a supply limit of each of the third power networks in consideration of the stored degree or the available degree of supply, A sixth step of transmitting a proposal acceptance note including a time and a start time of the first time in a proposed acceptance signal to each of the third power grids;
A seventh step of transmitting, in the third power network, an acknowledgment including an own supply limit by the proposed consent order, the first time, and the start time, to the first power network;
The method of claim 1, wherein in the first power network, after verifying the acknowledgment signal, supplying the surplus power for the first time from the start time to the transmission view in the first mode, And transmitting the generated power to the third power network; and if the second mode is selected, receiving power from the transmission / reception view and storing the power in the energy storage device of its own;
In the third power network, power is supplied from the transmission view in the case of the first mode for the first time from the start time, and is stored in the energy storage device of the third power network according to the real time variation information, 2 < / RTI > mode, adjusting the generated power according to the variation of the power consumption while supplying power to the transmission / reception outlook;
During the eighth step and the ninth step in the first power network and the third power network, during a period from the predetermined time before the end of the first time to the end of the first time, Performing the seventh step again, and performing the eighth step and the ninth step again when the first time is over and the first time is newly started; , ≪ / RTI &
And the step 10 is repeated as long as the first power grid can supply the surplus power in the first mode, and in the second mode, if the first power grid is able to supply the surplus power, Lt; / RTI >
In the sixth step, which is repeated by the step 10, the start time is the same as the end time of the first time defined in the immediately preceding repeated step 4,
In the second step, which is repeated by the step 10, the surplus power of the first power grid or the third power grid is calculated by multiplying the power supplied during the eighth or ninth step, And the value is calculated as follows:
- In the second step, which is repeated by the step 10, the storage power margin of the first power grid or the third power grid is calculated by multiplying the power that is being supplied by the eighth or ninth step, Power,
The length of the first time is longer than the time that the step 10 can be repeated once,
Wherein the calculation of the surplus power and the storage allowance power in the second step comprises:
- if there is no energy storage device and there is a distributed power supply and the generated power is greater than the power consumption,
- a power grid having a distributed power source and an energy storage device, wherein said first stored power and said second stored power are absent and said generated power is greater than said consumed power,
- a power grid in which there is a distributed power source and an energy storage device and in which the second stored power is not present and the generated power is greater than the power consumption and the first stored power is smaller than the difference between the generated power and the consumed power, A power network having surplus power of the same size,
* Surplus power = (Generation power - Power consumption) - First storage power
- there is no distributed power source and there is an energy storage device, the power grid with the first stored power and / or the second stored power,
- a power grid having a distributed power source and an energy storage device, said first stored power and / or said second stored power, said generated power not exceeding said power consumption,
- a power grid having a distributed power source and an energy storage device and having the first stored power and the generated power being greater than the power consumption and the difference between the generated power and the consumed power being equal to or less than the first stored power, And a power storage network having a storage power margin of a predetermined size,
* Storage power reserve = First storage power + Second storage power - (Generated power - Power consumption) - Surplus power supplied from other power grid
- for the remaining power grid, the surplus power and the power reserve for the reserved surplus power,
Each of the control systems includes respective priority information for selecting the third power network when the power network to which the power network belongs belongs to the first power network,
In the sixth step, when the first power network selects the third power network, n (n is an integer equal to or greater than 1) are sequentially selected from a power network having a higher priority according to the priority information, Mode until the sum of the storage limits is greater than the redundant power and selects a value until the sum of the available degrees of availability in the second mode is greater than the storage clear power,
In the sixth step, the supply limit for each of the third power networks defined by the first power network is as follows,
- the (n-1) th third power grid supply limit = the respective storage limit or supply possible degree
- nth third power grid supply limit = surplus power or storage power margin - (sum of supply limits up to n-1)
Wherein the real-time variation information decreases in a descending order from a supply limit of the n-th third power network when the surplus power decreases, and increases in ascending order when the surplus power increases,
When the first power network selects the third power network in the sixth step, which is repeated by the step 10, it is preferable to select the third power network, which was selected immediately before, in preference to the priority information Distributed Control Method of Power Transmission Outlook for Electric Power Manganese Power Trading delete delete The method according to claim 1,
Each of the control systems comprising a private key for each of the control systems of its own private key and another power network,
The proposal request signal includes a first hash value obtained by hashing the proposal request, a second hash value including the first hash value in the proposal request, hash value, and the second hash value encrypted with the private key of the first power grid A first authentication code is further included,
The verification of the proposal request signal may be performed by comparing whether the hash value including the first hash value in the proposal request and the value obtained by decoding the first authentication code with the public key of the first power network match However,
The proposal signal further includes a third hash value including the second hash value and the second hash value in the proposal,
The proposed acceptance signal further includes a fourth hash value including the third hash value and the third hash value included in the proposed consent,
Wherein the acknowledgment signal includes a fifth hash value including the fourth hash value, the fourth hash value including the fourth hash value in the acknowledgment, a second hash value having the fifth hash value encrypted with the private key of the third power network, Lt; / RTI >
The verification of the acknowledgment signal may be performed by comparing whether the hash value including the fourth hash value is included in the acknowledgment and the value obtained by decoding the second authentication code with the public key of the third power network, In addition,
Wherein the first hash value included in the proposal request signal is the fifth hash value in the fourth step performed by the repetition of step 10, Distributed control method

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