KR101981307B1 - Urban modeling device for supporting urban planning reflecting thermal comfort and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an urban model generation apparatus for supporting an urban plan, and to a method thereof. More specifically, provided are the urban model generation apparatus for supporting an urban plan reflecting thermal comfort and the method thereof. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the urban model generation apparatus includes a processor and a memory connected to the processor. The memory can store urban model generation program commands reflecting thermal comfort, which can be executed by the processor. According to the present invention, a precise three-dimensional urban model, which automatically reflects attributes of land, a shape of road, each restriction with respect to buildings, and thermal comfort, can be generated.

Description

[0001] URBAN MODELING DEVICE FOR SUPPORTING URBAN PLANNING REFLECTING THERMAL COMFORT AND METHOD THEREOF [0002]

The present invention relates to a city model generating apparatus and method for supporting city planning, and more particularly, to a city model generating apparatus and method for supporting urban planning that reflects thermal comfort.

As the modern society becomes complicated and sophisticated, the importance of geospatial information is increasing for efficient utilization and management of urban space. Internet - based map services and 3D geographic information services have already been provided by companies such as Google and Microsoft. In addition, the software industry market related to 3D terrain information has also been developed by function.

The software industry related to 3D terrain information can be divided into a software industry that predicts the heat island effect and climate change using the modeled 3D terrain information and a software industry that models 3D terrain information. have.

Among them, the software for modeling 3D terrain information has not been suitable for realizing 3D modeling of large cities because it has been developed mainly on techniques for expressing topographies and objects more precisely. The existing software required hundreds to tens of thousands of buildings to be created manually.

Of course, existing software may be able to express buildings that are built (or will be built) in a lump, but in this case properties of land and road shape can not be considered, and various regulations and thermal comfort Comfort can not be reflected, so that there is a problem that elaborate modeling can not be generated.

The present invention provides a city model generating apparatus and a generating method thereof that can automatically generate a sophisticated three-dimensional city model reflecting the thermal comfort.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a processor comprises: a processor; And a memory coupled to the processor, the memory including a first architectable plane determined using first stored building property information and a first architectural constraint information executable by the processor, And generating a first urban model for the first site through the first development volume, and if the thermal comfort of the first urban model does not correspond to a preset thermal comfort zone, The second urban model for the first site is generated through the second constructable plane, the second constructable space, and the second development volume, and if the thermal comfort of the second urban model does not correspond to the thermal comfort zone, The second building limitation information is generated by changing the first building limitation information, and the second building property information is generated by changing the second building limitation information, Is generated by changing the first site attribute information, site property information about a part of the building model area included in the second city model is changed to greenery, and the thermal comfort (PET) (PMV) estimated based on the estimated thermal sensation information (PMV).

[Mathematical Expression]

;

;

Here, M is information on a predetermined amount of activity, W is information on a preset external job, fcl is information on a body surface area ratio at the time of wrestling with respect to the body surface area in the case of a predetermined nude body, Wherein ta is information on an air temperature and is information that is changed by changing the first building limitation information and the first site property information, and tr is information on an average radiation temperature Wherein the first building limitation information and the first site property information are information that is changed by changing the first building limitation information and the first site property information, and pa is information on a steam partial pressure, Wherein the hc is information on the convective heat transfer coefficient and is changed by changing the first building limitation information and the first site property information Is information.

According to the embodiment, the memory may include a plurality of building models included in the second city model, wherein the building model having a roof top is selected as a roof-recorded building, and the area of the roof of the roof- And store the program instructions for changing the site attribute information for a part of the area of the rooftop to a green background.

According to an embodiment, the memory may store program instructions for generating a center-of-gravity point of the rooftop and using the center-of-gravity point to calculate a minimum area in which the site property information is changed to green.

According to an embodiment, the memory may store program instructions that calculate the minimum area according to Equation 2 below using a preset eco area ratio and weight.

&Quot; (2) "

(Minimum area * weighted value) / (area of rooftop green map) * 100 = ecological area ratio

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the memory may further include a program command for calculating the minimum area using the first weight if the rooftop green building satisfies a predetermined condition, and if not, calculating the minimum area using the second weight, The first weight and the second weight may be different from each other.

According to the present invention, it is possible to generate a sophisticated three-dimensional urban model that automatically reflects property of land, shape of road, various restrictions on buildings, and thermal comfort.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS A brief description of each drawing is provided to more fully understand the drawings recited in the description of the invention.
1 is a block diagram of an apparatus for generating a city model according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a flowchart illustrating a method of generating a city model according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a flowchart of a method for generating buildable planar information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a diagram illustrating buildable planar information generated according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5A and 5B are diagrams illustrating buildable planar information generated according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a method for generating architectable space information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a case where the buildable space information is generated in accordance with the limitation of the right-to-right patrol according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a diagram illustrating buildable space information generated according to an embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a flowchart of a method for generating information on a development volume according to an embodiment of the present invention.
10 is an exemplary diagram of a case in which a city model is automatically changed and changed in accordance with a change of city development information.
11 is a diagram illustrating a change in air temperature with respect to an urban model automatically generated in accordance with a change in urban development information.
12 is a flowchart of a method for generating a city model corresponding to a thermal comfort zone according to an embodiment of the present invention.
13 is a flowchart illustrating a method of applying recording to a rooftop green building according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of how a rooftop is generated according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
15 is an exemplary view illustrating a method of generating a center of gravity of a rooftop according to an embodiment of the present invention.
16 is an exemplary view of a method of generating a rooftop green area according to an embodiment of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention is capable of various modifications and various embodiments, and specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the detailed description. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments, but includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

The terminology used in this application is used only to describe a specific embodiment and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present application, the terms "comprises" or "having" and the like are used to specify that there is a feature, a number, a step, an operation, an element, a component or a combination thereof described in the specification, But do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram of an apparatus for generating a city model according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1, an apparatus for generating a city model 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an input unit 110, a city model generation unit 120, An output unit 130, a memory unit 140, and a thermal comfort analysis unit 150.

The memory unit 140 stores various information and programs implemented by computer readable codes such as a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a magnetic tape, a magnetic disk, a flash memory, Lt; / RTI > In particular, the urban development information may be stored in the memory unit 140 in advance. Herein, the urban development information is information on a rule to be kept when an arbitrary site is developed, and includes information on the property of the site (hereinafter, referred to as 'site property information') and information on restrictions imposed on the building Hereinafter, referred to as 'building restriction information').

The site property information may include the following information.

(1) Information on the use of the site (for example, residential area, commercial area, industrial area, green area, river, etc. may be stored in advance in the memory unit 140 as a default value)

(2) Information on the location of the site (for example, the address of the site, the GPS coordinates of the boundary, etc.)

(3) Information on the roads inside and outside the ground (for example, information on the position and width of the road, etc., may be stored in advance in the memory unit 140 as a default value)

(4) Information on the weather of the earth (information related to the site, such as air temperature, average radiation temperature, water vapor partial pressure, convection heat transfer coefficient, humidity, etc. according to date and time [date] May be pre-stored in the memory unit 140 as a default value)

In addition, the building restriction information may include the following information.

(1) The distance that the building should be separated from the adjacent ground (hereinafter referred to as the 'first separation distance'),

(2) The separation distance of the buildings in the direction of the north-north direction for ensuring the right to sunshine (hereinafter referred to as the "second separation distance"),

(3) Restrictions on the height of buildings for securing the right to sunshine of surrounding buildings

(4) Restrictions on the height of buildings (hereinafter referred to as 'height restriction information')

(4) Information on the coverage rate of the land (hereinafter referred to as " coverage ratio information ")

(6) Information on the volume ratio of the ground (hereinafter referred to as volume ratio information)

Also, the memory unit 140 may store program instructions (hereinafter, referred to as urban model generation programs) for generating urban models. Therefore, the city model generation unit 120 can generate the city model using the urban development information and the city model generation program stored in the memory unit 140. [ Hereinafter, the operation of generating the city model in the city model generation unit 120 will be described in detail.

 The input unit 110 is connected to an input device (e.g., a keyboard, a keypad, a touchpad, etc.) (not shown) of the city model generation apparatus 100 and receives information on the site according to a user's operation . That is, the user can manipulate the input device so that the information about the site to be modeled can be input to the input unit 110. [ Herein, the information on the ground according to the user's operation is the address of the ground, the information on the boundary of the ground, and the like, hereinafter referred to as the " object ground information ".

The input unit 110 may be connected to the memory unit 140 to receive the urban development information from the memory unit 140. The input unit 110 can output the target site information and the urban development information to the city model generation unit 120. [

The city model generation unit 120 generates a city model (hereinafter referred to as 'first site') to be modeled (hereinafter, referred to as 'first site') when city development information is developed City model "). The city model generation unit 120 can be logically divided into a buildable planar extraction unit 122, a buildable space extraction unit 124, and a development volume extraction unit 126.

That is, the buildable planar extraction unit 122 can extract the buildable planes of the first site using the city development information and the target site information. In addition, the buildable space extraction unit 124 can extract the buildable space of the first site using the urban development information and the target site information. Further, the development volume extraction unit 126 can extract the development volume of the first site using the urban development information and the target site information. Therefore, the city model generation unit 120 can generate the urban model using the extracted construction possibility plane, the buildable space, and the development volume.

The city model generation unit 120 can output the generated city model to the output unit 130 and the output unit 130 can display the city model. An operation of generating the city model of the target site by the user's operation by the city model generation apparatus 100 is summarized in FIG.

2 is a flowchart illustrating a method of generating a city model according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Each step to be described with reference to FIG. 2 will be collectively described as steps performed in the city model generation apparatus 100. Therefore, the subject performing each of the following steps may be omitted.

In step S210, the mth urban development information is stored (where m is a natural number). The city development information can be input and stored by the operation of the input device of the user, and can be received from the external device through the connected network.

In step S220, the m-th storable plan information is generated using the m-th urban development information. Here, the m-storable planar information means information about planes on which a building can be formed in the target site.

In step S230, the m-storable space information is generated using the m-th urban development information. Here, the m-storable space information means information about a three-dimensional space in which a building can be formed in the target site.

In step S240, the mth development volume information is generated using the mth urban development information. Here, the m development volume information may be information on the volume such as the number of buildings and the area of each building that can be formed in the target site.

In step S250, the m-th city model, which is a three-dimensional city model, is generated using the m-storable plan information, the m-storable space information, and / or the m-

In step S260, m-th row comfort for the m-th city model is analyzed according to a predetermined method.

In step S270, if the mth row comfort corresponds to the preset comfortable sleep zone, the mth urban model is outputted through the output unit 130 and stored in the memory unit 140 (step S280).

In step S290, if the mth thermal comfort does not correspond to the thermal comfort zone, the mth urban development information is changed to the (m + 1) urban development information according to a predetermined method, and the The above steps S220 to S270 are executed again.

Hereinafter, with reference to Figs. 3 to 5B, an operation (step S220 in Fig. 2) of extracting the m-storable planes by the storable-planar extraction unit 122 will be described in detail.

3 is a flowchart of a method for generating buildable planar information according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In step S310 to step S320, the buildable plane extracting unit 122 can determine the property of the land adjacent to the target land (hereinafter, referred to as 'adjacent land') if the target land is specified by the target land information. For example, it is assumed that map information is stored in the memory unit 140 in advance. At this time, the buildable plane extracting unit 122 may analyze the map information to extract closed curves adjacent to the target land and determine whether the extracted closed curve is 'land' (or whether it is a river, a forest, a farmland, etc.). In another example, when the target site information includes information about the adjacent site, the buildable planar extraction unit 122 may analyze the target site information to determine whether the attribute of the neighboring site is 'site' .

In step S330, the buildable plane extraction unit 122 can determine whether the adjacent land faces north. If there is an adjacent land facing north, the second separation distance may be applied due to the diagonal line limitation.

In step S340, the buildable plane extracting unit 122 can compare the first and second spacing distances included in the building limitation information when the adjacent land faces north. If the second spacing distance is larger than the first spacing distance as a result of comparison, the feasible planarization unit 122 can apply the second spacing distance when applying the spacing distance to the adjacent land facing the double fold side (step S350 .

In step S360, the buildable plane extracting unit 122 extracts the buildable plane extracting unit 122 from the adjacent land if there is no land adjacent to the target land, or if there is no adjacent land facing the target land and the north, or the second distance is smaller than the first landing distance The first separation distance can be applied when applying the distance.

In step S370, the buildable plane extraction unit 122 may generate the buildable plane information in the target site by applying a first or second distance to the boundary line of the target site and the adjacent land. For example, the buildable planar extraction unit 122 may generate architectural ridges spaced a first distance apart from the rest of the boundary line except the north boundary of the target land. The buildable planar extraction unit 122 may also generate an architectural ridge that is spaced from the north boundary of the target land by a second spacing distance (the second spacing distance is greater than the first spacing distance) from the interior of the target land. Therefore, the buildable plane extracting unit 122 can generate a closed curve formed by the generated architectural ridges as a buildable plane.

4 is a diagram illustrating buildable planar information generated according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4, the first adjacent land 410, the second adjacent land 420, the third adjacent land 430, and the fourth adjacent land 440 are facing the target land 450, and the second adjacent land 410, The case where the site 420 faces the north side of the target site 450 is exemplified. Thus, the buildable planar extraction unit 122 applies a first separation distance b to a boundary line corresponding to the first abutment 410, the third abutment 430 and the fourth abutment 440, The architectural ridges can be generated by applying the second spacing distance a to the boundary line corresponding to the second adjacent site 420. [ The buildable planar extraction unit 122 may also create a closed curve 460 formed by the generated architectural ridges in an architecturizable plane.

4, the case where the target site 450 is rectangular is described as an example. Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 5, an operation in which the constructable plane is generated will be described by exemplifying a case where the target site is not rectangular.

5A and 5B are diagrams illustrating buildable planar information generated according to another embodiment of the present invention.

5A, a case in which the adjacent land 510 faces north, east, and west on the target land 500, and the road 530 faces the south side of the target land 500 is exemplified. The constructable planar extraction unit 122 can generate architectural ridges by applying a first spacing distance b to the corresponding boundary lines on the east and south sides of the adjacent land 510, The architectural ridges can be generated by applying a second separation distance (a) to the corresponding boundary line. The buildable planar extraction unit 122 may also create a closed curve 520 formed by the generated architectural ridges.

On the other hand, if the generated closed curve 520 is a rectangle, the constructible plane extracting unit 122 can extract the closed curve 520 from the constructable plane. If the closed curve 520 is not rectangular, p A rectangle formed by corner points and a preset reference line can be constructed as an architecturizable plane (where p is a natural number of 3 or more).

Referring to FIG. 5B, it is exemplified that five vertexes corresponding to the boundary line of the object site 500 are formed in the closed curve 520. In addition, the reference line is a straight line parallel to the road 530 adjacent to the target ground 500. [

At this time, the buildable plane extracting unit 122 may generate the first parallel line 561 and the first vertical line 551 passing through the first apex 541. Here, the parallel line is a straight line parallel to the reference line, and the vertical line can be a straight line perpendicular to the reference line. In addition, the buildable planar extraction unit 122 may generate a second parallel line 562 and a second vertical line 552 through the second apex 542. In addition, the buildable plane extraction unit 122 may generate a third parallel line 563 and a third vertical line 553 passing through the third apex 543. In addition, the buildable plane extraction unit 122 may generate a fourth parallel line 564 and a fourth vertical line 554 through the fourth apex 544. In addition, the buildable planar extraction unit 122 may generate a fifth parallel line 565 and a fifth vertical line 555 through the fifth vertex 545.

The buildable planar extraction unit 122 then extracts the rectangle 570 formed by the first vertical line 551 to the fifth vertical line 555 and the first parallel line 561 to the fifth parallel line 565 as an architecturizable plane Can be extracted.

On the other hand, when there are a plurality of rectangles formed by q vertical lines and q parallel lines corresponding to p vertexes and baselines, the constructable plane extracting unit 122 can extract a rectangle having the widest width as a constructable plane .

Hereinafter, the operation (step S230 of FIG. 2) of extracting the m-storable space from the buildable space extraction unit 124 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 6 to FIG.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for generating buildable space information according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a case where buildable space information is generated according to a right angle limitation of a right angle zone according to an embodiment of the present invention And FIG. 8 is a view illustrating buildable space information generated according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In step S610, the buildable space extraction unit 124 can extract the vertex of the boundary line in the north direction of the target site. 7A illustrates a case where the boundary line of the target object 710 having a square shape is rotated at a predetermined angle with respect to the north direction. At this time, the buildable space extraction unit 124 can extract one or more vertexes of the northern boundary line of the target site 710. In the example of FIG. 7, since the north boundary line is a straight line, one corner point (hereinafter, referred to as a "north corner point") may be extracted.

In step S620, the buildable space extracting unit 124 extracts a 'straight north-south straight line' corresponding to the south boundary line of the target land by lowering the waterline in the south direction from the north corner. Referring to FIG. 7 (a), the target site 710 can be divided into the A site and the B site by the straight line between north and south.

이고, B대지의 북쪽 경계선과 정남북 직선이 이루는 각도는

인 경우가 예시된다. 이때 건축가능공간 추출 유닛(124)은 A대지의 일조권 사선 제한 기울기를

값으로 추출할 수 있다. 또한, 이때 건축가능공간 추출 유닛(124)은 B대지의 일조권 사선 제한 기울기를 값으로 추출할 수 있다.In step S630, the buildable space extraction unit 124 can extract the sunshade skyline bounding slope using the angles between the straight north-south straight line and the northern land boundary line. The feasible space extraction unit 124 can extract twice the sine value of the angle between the north-south straight line and the north-south boundary line by using the right-angle limiting slope. In Fig. 7 (a), the angle formed by the northern boundary line and the straight north-south straight line of the land A is

, And the angle between the north boundary of the B site and the north-south straight line is

Is exemplified. At this time, the buildable space extracting unit (124) extracts the boundary line inclination

Value. At this time, the feasible space extraction unit 124 can extract the boundary line slope limit of the B site as a value.

가 적용된 A대지에 상응하는 건축가능공간이 예시되었고, 도 7의 (c)에는 기울기

가 적용된 B대지에 상응하는 건축가능공간이 예시되었다. 따라서 건축가능공간 추출 유닛(124)은 A대지에 상응하는 건축가능공간 및 B대지에 상응하는 건축가능공간을 결합하여 제1 공간정보를 생성할 수 있다. In step S640, the buildable space extracting unit 124 can generate the buildable space information (hereinafter, referred to as 'first spatial information') according to the daylight right slanting line restriction using the daylighting slanting line limiting slope. 7 (b)

(C) of Fig. 7 shows a construction possible space corresponding to the A site to which the slope

The space available for building corresponding to the B-site to which B is applied is exemplified. Therefore, the buildable space extraction unit 124 can generate the first spatial information by combining the buildable space corresponding to the A land and the buildable space corresponding to the B land.

In step S650, the feasible space extraction unit 124 extracts feasible space information (hereinafter referred to as " second space information ") according to the height limitation information using the height limitation information of the target site included in the building limitation information Can be generated. For example, the feasible space extraction unit 124 may generate a rectangular parallelepiped having a height corresponding to the height limitation information as the second spatial information.

In step S660, the buildable space extraction unit 124 may generate the buildable space information using the first spatial information and the second spatial information. For example, the buildable space extraction unit 124 can extract a space belonging to both the first spatial information and the second spatial information as buildable spatial information. 8, the buildable space extraction unit 124 can extract the space 830 belonging to both the generated first spatial information 810 and the second spatial information 820 as buildable spatial information There will be.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of an information generation method (step S240 in FIG. 2) for an m-th development volume according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In step S910, the development volume extraction unit 126 can select a building model capable of maximum volume formation. For example, in the case where the buildable space information without limitation based on the right-to-right diagonal line is generated, the development volume extraction unit 126 can select the ceiling-exempt building model. In another example, in the case where the buildable space information having the limitation due to the limitation of the right-to-right sunrises is generated, the development volume extracting unit 126 can select the slanting type building model corresponding to the buildable space information.

In step S920, the development volume extraction unit 126 may generate maximum floor information n (where n is a natural number) using the height limitation information. For example, it is assumed that the height of the first floor is preset to 3 [m], and the height limitation information is set to 20 m. At this time, the development volume extraction unit 126 can generate six layers with the maximum number of layers information (n = 6).

In step S930, the development volume extraction unit 126 can compare the coverage ratio information with the floor area of the n-layer. For example, the development volume extraction unit 126 can compare the area of the n-layer with the coverage ratio information, assuming that an n-layer building model is formed in a possible space.

In step S940, the development volume extraction unit 126 may compare the floor coverage of the n-1 layer with the coverage ratio information if the floor area of the n-layer does not exceed the coverage ratio information. If the floor area of the (n-1) -th layer exceeds the coverage ratio information, the development volume extraction unit 126 may generate the floor area of the n-th floor as a floor area of one floor (hereinafter referred to as one-floor area information). Therefore, the development volume extracting unit 126 will be able to create a sloped ablation type building model having the same floor width from the first floor to the nth floor.

Meanwhile, the operation of steps S930 to S940 may be performed when a slant cut-away building model having a larger area of the lower layer is selected. When the meat-free exemption building model is selected, the development volume extraction unit 126 may generate the coverage ratio information as the first floor area information.

In step S950, the development volume extraction unit 126 can generate the layer number information using the first floor area information and the floor area ratio information. For example, it is assumed that the coverage ratio is 50% and the volume ratio is preset to 400%. At this time, if a cube-shaped building model is set, the development volume extraction unit 126 can generate the layer number information corresponding to '8'. Or a sloped ablation type building model (assuming that the area is the same from the first floor to the sixth floor and the interlayer area is reduced by 20% from the seventh floor) is set, the floor number information corresponding to '9' can be generated .

Referring again to FIG. 1, as described above, the city model generation unit 120 extracts a buildable plane, a buildable space, and a development volume corresponding to a target site to model a shape of a building that can be formed on the target site . In the above example, it is assumed that one building is formed on the target site. However, a plurality of buildings may be formed on the target site according to the area of the target site and / or the state of the road formed in the target site. When a plurality of buildings are formed on the target site, the building shape may be modeled by the same or similar method as described above for the closed curve formed by the road (step S250 in FIG. 2).

The city model generation unit 120 can output the generated city model to the output unit 130. [ The output unit 130 may display the city model so that the user can visually confirm the generated city model.

10 is an exemplary diagram of a case in which a city model is automatically changed and changed in accordance with a change of city development information.

FIG. 10A illustrates a first urban model generated according to the first urban development information, and FIG. 10B illustrates a second urban model generated according to the second urban development information. Where the first city model and the second city model may be urban models for the same site.

If the city development information is changed as illustrated in FIG. 10, other types of buildings may be formed even in the same site. For example, if the coverage ratio information is changed, a building having a different floor area can be formed, and a building having a different height can be formed when the floor area ratio information is changed. Therefore, the city model generation unit 120 can generate a city model corresponding to the city development information that has been automatically changed when the city development information is changed.

As described above, according to the present invention, a three-dimensional urban model can be automatically generated, and a thermal environment for an automatically generated urban model can be predicted.

11 is a diagram illustrating a change in air temperature with respect to an urban model automatically generated in accordance with a change in urban development information.

FIG. 11A is a diagram illustrating a result of thermal environment simulation for the first urban model of FIG. 10, and FIG. 11B is a diagram illustrating a result of thermal environment simulation for the second urban model of FIG. 10 Software ENVI-met). As illustrated in FIG. 11, it can be seen that when the urban model is changed, the thermal environment of the target site also changes.

On the other hand, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 can analyze the thermal comfort of the m-th city model generated according to a predetermined method.

For example, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 can analyze the thermal comfort for the m-th city model using the predicted thermal sensation information (PMV) and / or the thermal comfort index (PET).

PMV is the 1970s P. Ole. Fanger published the PMV theory on the prediction of the thermal sensation near the thermal neutrality and it was internationally standardized in ISO-7730 in 1984. PMV is a combination of Met and Appearance (Clo) and 4 heat elements (temperature, humidity, airflow, MRT) and quantifies the thermal sensation as a Psycho-Physical Scale A number of people have been asked about the 7-step warmth scale (+3: hot, +2: warm, +1: slightly warm, 0: neutral, -1: slightly cool, -2: cool, And predicts the average value of the pseudo-indication.

The PMV can be obtained by knowing the metabolic rate, thermal resistance and air temperature, mean radiant temperature, and partial water vapor pressure, It is based on equilibrium (see ISO 7726).

The thermal comfort analysis unit 150 can calculate the PMV by the following equation (1).

[Equation 1]

Here, M is information on the amount of activity stored in advance in the memory unit 140, W is information on an external job previously set and stored in the memory unit 140, fcl is preset and stored in the memory unit 140 Tcl may be preset information on the surface temperature of the clothes stored in the memory unit 140. In the case of the stored naked body,

Further, ta can be information on the air temperature and information obtained by a result of a simulation by commercial software such as a simulation (ENVI-met) of the m-th city model, hereinafter referred to as "simulation"). Further, ta may be information that is changed by changing the building restriction information and / or the site property information. As illustrated in Fig. 10, when the urban model is changed, the temperature change in the urban areas can also be confirmed through simulation. Therefore, ta may be information that is changed by changing the building restriction information and / or the site property information.

For example, if the coverage ratio of all or part of the target site is changed among the building restriction information, the city model may be changed, so that ta can also be changed. As another example, if the volume ratio of all or a part of the target site among the building restriction information is changed, the city model may be changed, so that ta can also be changed.

As another example, when the roof of all or some of the buildings included in the city model is changed to green, the site property information corresponding to the building whose roof has been changed to green is changed to " green " . Therefore, in this case, ta can also be changed.

In another example, when the temperature reduction process (a process of forming a paint, a tile or the like on the roof of a building, a cooling roof processing) is formed on the roof of all or part of the buildings included in the city model, ta can also be changed. This is because it is obvious that the temperature of the city model is reduced by the temperature reduction processing. At this time, ta can be changed corresponding to the surface area of the rooftop on which the temperature reduction process is performed.

For example, in a case where the temperature reduction process (a process of forming paint, tile or the like on the road, a cool road process) is changed to all or part of the roads included in the urban model, Can also be changed. This is because it is obvious that the temperature of the city model is reduced by the temperature reduction processing. At this time, ta can be changed corresponding to the surface area of the road on which the temperature reduction process is performed.

Also, tr is information on the average radiation temperature, and may be information obtained by simulation results of the m-th urban model. Also, tr may be information that is changed by changing the building restriction information and / or the site property information. As illustrated in FIG. 10, when the urban model is changed, the thermal effect change throughout the city can also be confirmed through simulation. Therefore, tr may be information that is changed by changing the building restriction information and / or the site property information.

For example, if the coverage ratio of all or part of the target site is changed among the building restriction information, the city model may be changed, so that tr can be changed. As another example, if the volume ratio of all or a part of the target site among the building limitation information is changed, the city model may be changed, so that tr can be changed.

In another example, when the roof of all or some of the buildings included in the city model is changed to green, the site property information corresponding to 'the roof changed to green' is changed to 'green' to change the city model . Thus, in this case, tr can also be changed.

Also, pa is information on a preset steam partial pressure, and may be information obtained by a simulation result of the m-th urban model. In addition, pa may be information that is changed by changing the building restriction information and / or the site property information. As illustrated in FIG. 10, when the urban model is changed, the thermal effect change throughout the city can also be confirmed through simulation. Therefore, pa may be information that is changed by changing the building restriction information and / or the site property information.

For example, if the coverage ratio of all or part of the target site is changed among the building restriction information, the city model may be changed, and thus the pa may be changed. As another example, if the volume ratio of all or a part of the target site among the building restriction information is changed, the city model may be changed, so that pa may be changed.

As another example, when the roof of all or some of the buildings included in the city model is changed to green, the site property information corresponding to the building whose roof has been changed to green is changed to " green " . Therefore, in this case, pa can also be changed.

Also, hc is information on a predetermined convective heat transfer coefficient, and may be information obtained by the simulation result of the m-th urban model. Also, hc may be information that is changed by changing the building restriction information and / or the site property information. As illustrated in FIG. 10, when the urban model is changed, the thermal effect change throughout the city can also be confirmed through simulation. Therefore, hc may be information that is changed by changing the building restriction information and / or the site property information.

For example, if the coverage ratio of all or part of the target site is changed among the building restriction information, the city model may be changed, and the hc may be changed. As another example, if the volume ratio of all or a part of the target site among the building limitation information is changed, the city model may be changed, so that the hc may also be changed.

As another example, when the roof of all or some of the buildings included in the city model is changed to green, the site property information corresponding to the building whose roof has been changed to green is changed to " green " . Therefore, in this case, hc can also be changed.

The operation of generating the PMV by the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 is obvious to those skilled in the art, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Then, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 can calculate the PET through the following equation (2) using the generated PMV.

&Quot; (2) "

;

;

Furthermore, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 can determine whether or not the generated PET for the m-th city model corresponds to a preset thermal comfort zone. For example, it is assumed that the thermal comfort zone is preset to 20 to 30 seconds. At this time, when the mth PET generated for the mth urban model is included in the thermal comfort zone, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 outputs the mth urban model through the output unit 130, and the memory unit 140 ). ≪ / RTI >

On the other hand, when the mth PET generated for the mth urban model is not included in the thermal comfort zone, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 changes the mth urban model to reconstruct the urban model included in the thermal comfort zone . Hereinafter, a method of generating a city model corresponding to a thermal comfort zone will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

12 is a flowchart of a method for generating a city model corresponding to a thermal comfort zone according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In steps S1210 to S1215, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 may generate the m + 1 building limitation information by changing the coverage ratio among the mth building limitation information corresponding to the mth urban model. At this time, the coverage rate may be changed stepwise until it reaches a preset maximum value. For example, it is assumed that the coverage ratio can be changed to 10 [%], and is preset to be changed by 2 [%]. At this time, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 may generate m + 1 building limitation information by reducing the coverage ratio of the mth building limitation information by 2%.

Thereafter, an (m + 1) -th urban model may be generated using the (m + 1) th building limitation information, and the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 may determine whether or not the .

The thermal comfort analysis unit 150 changes the volume ratio among the mth building limitation information corresponding to the mth urban model to obtain m + 1 Building restriction information can be generated (steps S1220 to S1225). At this time, the volume ratio can be changed stepwise until the preset maximum value is reached. For example, it is assumed that the volume ratio can be changed to 10 [%], and is set so as to be changed by 2 [%]. At this time, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 may generate m + 1 building limitation information by reducing the volume ratio of the mth building limitation information by 2%.

Thereafter, an (m + 1) -th urban model may be generated using the (m + 1) th building limitation information, and the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 may determine whether or not the .

The thermal comfort analysis unit 150 changes the information on the green space among the m-m artificial land property information corresponding to the m-th urban model, m + 1 site property information (steps S1230 to S1237).

For example, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 can select a building model having a roof top among a plurality of building models included in the m-th urban model. That is, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 can select a building model having a flat area on the roof top of the plurality of building models included in the mth urban model equal to or larger than a predetermined area (step S1235). In addition, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 may change the site property information corresponding to the selected building model to " green area " (step S1237).

Thereafter, the (m + 1) -th urban model can be generated using the (m + 1) -th ground property information, and the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 determines whether or not the (m + 1) .

Hereinafter, the operation of generating the (m + 1) -th urban model by changing the information on the green space among the m-earthenware attribute information by the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 will be described in detail with reference to Figs.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating a method of applying recording to a rooftop green building according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 is an exemplary view illustrating a method of generating a rooftop graphic according to an embodiment of the present invention. 15 is an exemplary view illustrating a method of generating a center of gravity of a rooftop graphic according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 16 is an exemplary view illustrating a method of generating a rooftop green area according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 13, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 can select a building model whose flat area on the roof top is equal to or larger than a preset area (step S1310). For example, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 may be configured such that a building model having a flat area of 10 m 2 or more on the roof of a building model included in the m-th city model is referred to as a 'building capable of forming a green space on the roof' Green building ").

In the thermal system S1320, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 can generate a rooftop shape by excluding an area of the roof space of each of the one or more rooftop greening buildings, where the facility is pre-installed. Here, the facility may be a rooftop entrance, a variety of structures installed (or planned to be installed), and information on the rooftop facilities may be stored in advance in the memory unit 140. An example of the generation of a rooftop graphic is shown in Fig.

In step S1330, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 may generate a center of gravity point of the generated at least one rooftop. The thermal comfort analysis unit 150 can generate the center of gravity point of each rooftop using various previously disclosed methods. An example of generating a center-of-gravity point of each rooftop graphic is shown in Fig.

In step S1340, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 can calculate the p-th rooftop greening area using the generated center of gravity (where p is a natural number). Hereinafter, the operation of the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 to generate the p-th rooftop greening area will be described in detail.

First, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 can generate a minimum area corresponding to a preset ecological area rate as a first rooftop green area. The ecological area ratio means the area ratio of the natural circulation function space (for example, green space, green space, etc.) to the total area of the land to be developed (that is, the target site). In step S1340 The total area is assumed to be the area of the rooftop figure, and the natural circulation function space is assumed to be the rooftop green space. Therefore, if the ecological area rate is preset to 30 [%], the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 will be able to generate " 30% of the area of the rooftop shape " as the first rooftop green area.

However, there is a difference in natural circulation function between the greenery that is generated naturally and the greenery that is formed artificially on the roof. Also, the natural circulation function may be different depending on the depth of the land formed on the rooftop (ie, the soil depth) to form the greenery. The deeper the soil depth, the better the natural circulation function will be. Therefore, the heat comfort analysis unit 150 can apply a preset " weight " to the rooftop greening area. If the roots formed on the rooftop are above the preset reference, the first weight is applied. Weights can be applied.

For example, it is assumed that the preset floor reference is set to 20 [cm], the first weight is set to 0.6, and the second weight is preset to 0.5. At this time, it is possible to form rooftop greenery over the standard of ten thousand years, and it is possible to make the rooftop greenery less than ten thousand years. The thermal comfort analysis unit 150 can generate a first rooftop greening area corresponding to each rooftop green building according to the standard.

That is, when the ecological area rate is 30 [%], the floor depth is 20 [cm], the first weight is 0.6, and the second weight is 0.5, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 ' 50% of the rooftop figure can be generated as the first rooftop green area with respect to the 'green building'. This can be calculated by the following equation (3).

&Quot; (3) "

(First rooftop green area * 0.6) / (area of rooftop green area) * 100 [%] = 30 [%];

Here, 0.6 is the first weight, and 30 [%] is the ecological area rate

Likewise, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 may generate 60% of the roof top shape for the first rooftop green area for the 10-year-old roof top building after completion 3 < / RTI > instead of the first weight).

An example of generating a minimum rooftop greening area for each rooftop greening building is shown in FIG. When the minimum rooftop greening area is calculated, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 can calculate a figure whose center of gravity is the center of gravity previously generated and whose area is the minimum rooftop greening area. The area of the figure is the area where the rooftop greening of the rooftop green building is to be performed. An example of generating a minimum rooftop greening area for each rooftop greening building is shown in FIG.

If there is only one rooftop greening building on the target site, the first rooftop greening area of the single rooftop greening building may be sufficient. However, if there are a plurality of rooftop greening buildings on the target site, The sum of the first rooftop green areas will be the first rooftop green area (minimum rooftop green area).

In step S1350, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 can generate the (m + 1) -th ground property information by changing the site attribute information corresponding to the first rooftop green area to " green spot " The (m + 1) -th urban model can be generated using the information. Therefore, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 can determine whether the (m + 1) th city model corresponds to the thermal comfort zone (step S1360).

If the m + 1 city model does not correspond to the thermal comfort zone even if the first rooftop green area is changed to the green zone, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 determines whether the rooftop green area can be expanded (step S1370) If possible, a second rooftop green area can be created by adding a preset area for each rooftop green building.

For example, if the predetermined area is 5 [m 2], the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 adds 5 [m 2] to the minimum rooftop green area of each rooftop green building, So that a second rooftop green area can be generated. On the other hand, if the value obtained by adding the preset 5 [square meters] exceeds the area of the rooftop graph, the area corresponding to the rooftop graph may be regarded as the second rooftop green area of the rooftop green building.

Then, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 can change the site attribute information corresponding to the second rooftop green area to "green" to generate the (m + 2) -th site attribute information, and use the (m + 2) An (m + 2) -th urban model can be generated. Therefore, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 can determine whether the (m + 2) -th urban model corresponds to the thermal comfort zone.

Steps S1340 to S1370 may be repeated until the urban model generated by the expansion of the rooftop green area corresponds to the thermal comfort zone or can no longer extend the rooftop green area.

On the other hand, if the rooftop greening is applied to the maximum extent and the city model corresponding to the thermal comfort zone is not generated, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 performs the temperature reduction processing on the roof and / or road of the building model included in the m- To generate an (m + 1) -th urban model (steps S1240 to S1245).

For example, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 may sum up all of the rooftop surface areas of a plurality of building models included in the m-th urban model, and calculate the thermal comfort of the building model obtained in accordance with the simulation of the m-th urban model You can change the information about the air temperature. That is, if the sum corresponds to the predetermined first range, the information on the air temperature can be lowered by the first degree, and if the sum corresponds to the predetermined second range, the information on the air temperature can be lowered to the second degree have.

In another example, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 selects a building model having a surface area of a roof top or more among a plurality of building models included in the m-th urban model, and calculates a total sum of the roof surface areas of the selected building model can do. In addition, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 may change information on the air temperature obtained according to the simulation of the m-th urban model corresponding to the sum value.

Alternatively, for example, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 may sum all the surface areas of the roads included in the m-th urban model, calculate the air temperature obtained according to the simulation of the m-th urban model Can be changed. That is, if the sum corresponds to the predetermined first range, the information on the air temperature can be lowered by the first degree, and if the sum corresponds to the predetermined second range, the information on the air temperature can be lowered to the second degree have.

For example, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 can select roads whose road surface area is greater than or equal to a predetermined area among the roads included in the m-th urban model, and sum up the surface areas of the selected roads. In addition, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 may change information on the air temperature obtained according to the simulation of the m-th urban model corresponding to the sum value.

Then, the thermal comfort analysis unit 150 may apply information on the changed air temperature to the PMV to determine whether the m-th urban model corresponds to the thermal comfort zone.

As described above, according to the present invention, if only simple urban development information is input, a sophisticated three-dimensional city model can be created that automatically reflects property of land, road shape, various regulations on buildings, and thermal comfort have.

In addition, the above-described exemplary apparatus 100 for generating an urban model according to the present invention may be configured to include a processor and a memory. The processor may be implemented to perform the operations of the city model generation unit 120 and the thermal comfort analysis unit 150. [

In addition, the city model generation method performed by the city model generation apparatus 100 can be implemented as a computer-readable code on a computer-readable recording medium. The computer-readable recording medium includes all kinds of recording media storing data that can be decoded by a computer system. For example, it may be a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a magnetic tape, a magnetic disk, a flash memory, an optical data storage device, or the like. In addition, the computer-readable recording medium may be distributed and executed in a computer system connected to a computer network, and may be stored and executed as a code readable in a distributed manner.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. It will be understood that various modifications and changes may be made.

100: city model generation device
110: input unit
120: city model generation unit
122: Buildable planar extraction unit
124: Buildable space extraction unit
126: Development volume extraction unit
130: Output unit
140: memory unit
150: thermal comfort analysis unit

Claims (5)

A processor; And
A memory coupled to the processor;
/ RTI >
The memory being operable by the processor,
Generating a first city model for the first site through the first constructible plane, the first constructable space, and the first development volume, which are determined using the first site-property information and the first construction limitation information stored in advance,
If the thermal comfort of the first city model does not correspond to a preset thermal comfort zone, the second construction possibility plane, the second construction possibility space, and the first development capacity determined using the second building limitation information, A second city model for the site is created,
Storing program instructions for generating a third urban model reflecting the second site attribute information if the thermal comfort of the second urban model does not correspond to the thermal comfort zone,
The second construction restriction information is generated by changing the first construction restriction information,
Wherein the second site attribute information is generated by changing the first site attribute information and the site attribute information for a part of the building model area included in the second city model is changed to a green map,
Wherein the thermal comfort (PET) is generated using estimated thermal sensation information (PMV) estimated by the following equation (1).
[Equation 1]

;
Note that M is information on a predetermined amount of activity,
W is information on an external job set in advance,
The fcl is information about the body surface area ratio at the time of wearing the body surface area in the case of a predetermined nude body,
The tcl is information on a surface temperature of a predetermined garment,
Wherein ta is information on the air temperature and is changed by changing the first building limitation information and the first site property information,
Wherein tr is information about an average radiation temperature and is changed by changing the first building limitation information and the first site property information,
Pa is information on the steam partial pressure and is information that is changed by changing the first building limitation information and the first site property information,
Hc is information on the convective heat transfer coefficient and is information that is changed by changing the first building limitation information and the first site property information.
The method according to claim 1,
The memory comprising:
Selecting a building model having a flat roof on the roof among the plurality of building models included in the second urban model as a roof green building and generating a rooftop recording figure by excluding an area in which the facility is installed in the roof area of the roof green building, And stores the program instructions for changing the site attribute information for a part of the area of the rooftop recording figure to green paper.
3. The method of claim 2,
The memory comprising:
And stores program instructions for generating a center of gravity point of the rooftop recording graphics and calculating a minimum area to which the site attribute information is to be changed to greenery using the center of gravity point.
The method of claim 3,
The memory comprising:
And stores the program instructions for calculating the minimum area according to Equation (2) below using a preset ecological area ratio and a weight.
&Quot; (2) "
(Minimum area * weighted value) / (area of rooftop green map) * 100 = ecological area ratio
5. The method of claim 4,
The memory comprising:
Storing the program instructions for calculating the minimum area using the first weight if the rooftop green building satisfies a preset condition and calculating the minimum area using the second weight if not satisfied,
Wherein the first weight and the second weight are real numbers different from each other.

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