KR101976399B1 - Motor having bidirectional velocity variations - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electric motor with a bidirectional speed deviation. The electric motor, according to the present invention, comprises: a stator (10) for forming a magnetic field; a rotor formed by winding a coil around a core slot (S) formed on a core, and disposed inside the stator (10) to rotate; and a commutator (40) coupled to the rotor for changing the direction of current flowing through the coil. The core and the commutator (40) are arranged to be shifted from each other, and the core slots (S) of both sides have different volumes, on the basis of the commutator (40). In the present invention, a hook (45) of the commutator (40) is provided to be shifted with respect to a winding leg (35) of the core so two adjacent core slots (S) have an asymmetrical structure based on the hook (45) of the commutator (40). Accordingly, the magnitude of a magnetic force generated when the current flows are differently formed according to the rotation direction of the rotor, and as a result, bidirectional driving speeds of the motor become different. When the motor according to the present invention is provided in a place in which different speeds are required according to a driving direction, the different speeds can be realized by only the motor without a separate speed control device.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an electric motor having bidirectional velocity variations,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electric motor, and more particularly, to an electric motor in which a core and a commutator constituting a motor are provided asymmetrically with respect to each other to have a deviation in speed in both directions.

Generally, a motor can be divided into a brush motor and a brushless motor (BLDC motor). Among them, brush motors are widely used in general purpose, and they are used in various industrial environments because they are relatively inexpensive as brushless motors.

The brush type permanent magnet motor includes a yoke assembly in which permanent magnets are disposed inside a yoke and an armature assembly in which an armature coil is wound on a core of a rotating shaft and a commutator is inserted into a tip portion of the armature assembly. When the armature assembly, which is a rotor, is placed in the permanent magnet of the yoke assembly, which is a stator, while holding a gap, if an electric current is applied to the armature coil, an electromagnetic force is generated between the armature coil and the permanent magnet. Thereby obtaining power.

These motors are used to rotate both directions. For example, a motor is used to move a seat of an automobile back and forth, and the motor can be rotated in both directions to move the seat forward or backward. However, since the seat of the automobile is installed in an inclined direction, a larger load is applied in one direction. If the seat of the car is inclined forward, the motor is subjected to a greater load when moving forward, compared to moving backwards.

Due to such a load, the speed of the seat moves forward and backward, and the operation sound generated during the movement also occurs differently. These have the problem of deteriorating the sensibility of the car. In order to solve this problem, a separate control device may be provided to control the motor so as to have the same speed when the seat moves forward and backward, but this requires a separate device, which increases the cost.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2016-0085175

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a motor in which a commutator is provided asymmetrically with respect to a core constituting a rotor, and a bidirectional driving speed is different.

According to an aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, the present invention provides a stator comprising: a stator for forming a magnetic field; a rotor formed by winding a coil in a core slot formed in the core, And a commutator that is coupled to the rotor and changes a direction of a current flowing through the coil, wherein the core and the commutator are arranged to be shifted from each other, and the core slots of both cores are formed to have different volumes based on the commutator.

Wherein the commutator includes a commutator body coupled to a rotating shaft of the rotor and a plurality of hooks provided on the commutator body to which the coils are to be wound and a center line of a commutator slot located between the plurality of hooks is located at a center line As shown in Fig.

The core slots and the commutator slots are formed in the same number, and the center lines of the respective commutator slots are arranged to be shifted from the center line of each of the core slots.

The core includes a core body, a winding leg protruding from the core body, and a winding arm protruding from both ends of the winding leg, the core slot being formed between two adjacent winding legs and the winding arm And a distance to the inner surface of the adjacent two winding legs is formed different from a virtual extension line extending from the hook of the commutator.

The volumes of the fixed magnets facing the coils located in the left and right core slots on the basis of the hooks of the commutator are different from each other.

The commutator slot is formed to be offset from a rotation direction of the rotor relative to the core slot.

The relative angle of the hook of the commutator to the winding leg of the core is 2 to 5 degrees.

The electric motor having the bidirectional speed deviation according to the present invention as described above has the following effects.

In the present invention, the hooks of the commutator are provided to be shifted from the winding legs of the core, and the two adjacent core slots have an asymmetrical structure with respect to the hook of the commutator. Accordingly, the magnitude of the magnetic force generated when the current flows is different according to the rotation direction of the rotor, and as a result, the bi-directional driving speed of the motor becomes different from each other. If the motor according to the present invention is installed in a place where different speeds are required depending on the driving direction, different speeds can be realized by only the motor without a separate speed control device, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost and simplifying the structure of the motor .

In the present invention, since the bidirectional driving speed of the motor is changed according to the relative angle setting between the commutator and the core with respect to the axis of the motor, the relative angle between the commutator and the core is appropriately adjusted You can adjust it. Therefore, it is possible to produce a motor having various purposes and uses even without a separate production facility.

1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of an electric motor having a bidirectional speed deviation according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which a stator and a rotor are separated from each other in the embodiment of FIG. 1;
3 is a plan view showing the configuration of the embodiment of Fig.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged plan view of a core and a commutator in a rotor constituting the embodiment of Fig. 1; Fig.
5 is a plan view showing an enlarged configuration of a core and a commutator in a state in which the stator is omitted in the embodiment of Fig.

Hereinafter, some embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to exemplary drawings. It should be noted that, in adding reference numerals to the constituent elements of the drawings, the same constituent elements are denoted by the same reference symbols as possible even if they are shown in different drawings. In the following description of the embodiments of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the understanding why the present invention is not intended to be interpreted.

In describing the components of the embodiment of the present invention, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), and (b) may be used. These terms are intended to distinguish the constituent elements from other constituent elements, and the terms do not limit the nature, order or order of the constituent elements. When a component is described as being "connected", "coupled", or "connected" to another component, the component may be directly connected or connected to the other component, Quot; may be " connected, " " coupled, " or " connected. &Quot;

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electric motor (hereinafter, referred to as 'electric motor') having a bidirectional speed deviation, and is used for operating various devices using a driving force of an electric motor. For example, the electric motor of the present invention may be used to automatically advance or reverse the seat of an automobile. To this end, the electric motor of the present invention requires a component for receiving power from a battery (not shown), for example, a brush card assembly, which is not a core matter of the present invention. The rotor 30 will be described mainly.

FIG. 1 shows a state where a stator 10 and a rotor 30 of an electric motor according to the present invention are combined. FIG. 2 shows a state where a stator 10 and a rotor 30 are separated. The stator 10 and the rotor 30 rotate relative to each other. More precisely, the rotor 30 accommodated in the fixed stator 10 rotates with respect to the stator 10. To this end, the rotor 30 is supplied with power from the outside to convert electric energy into rotational energy.

In view of the structure of the stator 10, a cylindrical yoke forms an external skeleton. The yoke is again inserted into a separate motor housing (not shown), and a gear assembly or the like can be coupled to one side of the motor housing. The brush card assembly is further assembled to the top of the yoke, not shown in the drawing.

In the yoke, there is a rotating space (11), and on the inner circumferential surface of the rotating space (11) is a stationary magnet (15). The stationary magnet 15 provides a magnetic force for rotating the rotor 30, which will be described below. That is, the stator 10 forms a magnetic field. The stationary magnets 15 are arranged along the inner circumferential surface of the rotary space 11, and are spaced apart from each other.

A rotor (30) is inserted into the rotating space (11) of the yoke. The rotor 30 is relatively rotated with respect to the yoke. When the rotor 30 is rotated, the rotary shaft 50 rotates together to transmit rotational force to the gear assembly. A rotary shaft 50 is coupled along the center of the rotor 30 so that the rotary shaft 50 can be viewed as a rotation center. The skeleton of the rotor 30 forms a core, and the core can be seen in a substantially columnar shape centering on the rotation axis 50 and surrounding the core.

The core is formed by stacking a plurality of core plates. The core plate is made of a thin metal plate, and when the core plate of the same type is laminated, it becomes a three-dimensional shape as shown in Fig. The core body 31 has a shaft hole (not shown) penetrating the center of the core, and the core body 31 has a plurality of winding legs 35. The winding arms 36 protrude from both ends of the winding legs 35 so that the winding legs 35 and the winding arms 36 form a substantially T shape.

A core slot (S) is formed between the outer surface of the core body (31) and the winding leg (35). The core slot S may be viewed as a space surrounded by the winding leg 35 and the winding arm 36. A coil (enamel copper wire) is wound around the core slot S. The coil constitutes the rotor 30 while repeatedly winding the winding leg 35. The coil is omitted in the drawing so that the structure of the core can be clearly shown. In this embodiment, the core body 31 has a total of ten winding legs 35, and a total of ten core slots S are formed therebetween.

A commutator 40 is coupled to the rotor 30. The commutator 40 is for changing the direction of the current flowing in the coil, and may be a configuration included in the rotor 30. The commutator 40 is coupled to the rotating shaft 50 and rotates together with the core. The commutator 40 includes a commutator body 41 coupled to the rotary shaft 50 of the rotor 30 and a hook 45 for changing the direction of one of the coils. The commutator 40 is electrically connected to the brushes of the brush card assembly while being in contact with the brushes of the brush card assembly.

Specifically, the configuration of the commutator 40 includes a plurality of metal plates 43 on the outer surface of a substantially columnar commutator body 41. The metal plates 43 are separated from each other by a separation groove 44 therebetween. The metal plate 43 is a portion which is substantially in contact with the carbon brush. The metal plate (43) is provided around the outer surface of the commutator body (41). The commutator body 41 may be made of a conductive material such as a metal material or may be molded using a metal mold.

A hook 45 is provided at the lower end of the metal plate 43. The hook 45 extends from the lower end of the metal plate 43 and projects around the metal plate 43. The hook 45 has a substantially J-shaped bent shape, and the coil can be wound around the bent portion. The coil is wound on the hook 45 and then is turned in the direction of the core slot S again. That is, power is supplied to the coil through the hook 45.

The hooks 45 are provided for each metal plate 43 and have the same number as the winding legs 35 of the core. Accordingly, a commutator slot T is formed between the adjacent two hooks 45, and the number of the commutator slots T is equal to the number of the core slots S. In this embodiment, ten core slots S and one commutator slot T are provided. The hooks 45 are fused to the surface of the commutator body 41 after all the coils are wound. The commutator slot (T) means a space between the hooks (45).

In the present invention, the core slot S of the core and the commutator slot T of the commutator 40 are arranged to be shifted from each other. 3, it can be seen that the center positions of the core slots S and the commutator slots T are not exactly coincident with each other and deviated from each other. 4, the commutator slot T can be seen to be defined by the hook 45 and the core slot S can be regarded as being defined by the hooks 45, since the commutator slot T is located between the hooks 45, It can be seen that the core slot S is defined by the winding leg 35, At this time, the center line of the hook 45 connecting the hook 45 and the rotary shaft 50 and the center line of the winding leg 35 connecting the winding leg 35 and the rotary shaft 50 do not coincide with each other and are shifted. An angle of? Is formed between the direction in which the winding leg 35 protrudes and the direction in which the hook 45 protrudes. As a result, the centerline of the commutator slot T located between the plurality of hooks 45 is formed to be biased in either direction with respect to the centerline of the core slot S. In this embodiment, the core slots S and the commutator slots T are formed in the same number, and the center lines of the respective commutator slots T are arranged so as to be constantly shifted with respect to the center lines of the respective core slots S do.

Referring to FIG. 4, the core slots S1 and S2 have different volumes with respect to the hook 45 of the commutator 40. As shown in FIG. Actually, the core slots S1 and S2 have the same volume, but the volume of the core slots S1 and S2 on both sides of the hook 45 are different from each other. Therefore, it can be seen that the distances L1 and L2 to the inner surface of the adjacent two winding legs 35 are formed differently based on the imaginary extension line extending from the hook 45 of the commutator 40. [ In this embodiment, since the hook 45 is further rotated in the clockwise direction with respect to the winding leg 35, the hook 45 on the upper side and the inner surface distance L1 of the winding leg 35 on the basis of the clockwise direction Is longer than the inner hook distance (L2) of the lower hook (45) -winding leg (35).

Thus, the rotational speeds of the rotor 30 in two rotational directions, that is, the clockwise direction and the counterclockwise direction, are different from each other. This is because the areas of the stationary magnets 15 facing the coils wound on both the two core slots S1 and S2 with respect to the hook 45 are different from each other. The coil of the core slot S varies depending on the area of the fixed magnet 15 (magnet) facing the magnetic flux density, and the magnitude of the magnetic flux density is different from that of the fixed magnet (15, magnet). Particularly, since the hook 45 is a portion where the direction of the coil is changed and the power is transmitted to the coil, the amount of winding of the coil located in the left and right core slots S1 and S2 with respect to the hook 45 And the volume of the stationary magnet 15 facing the stationary magnet 15 also changes.

Here, the amount of winding corresponds to the volume of the core slot S, and, as described above, this is the amount of winding to the inner surface of the adjacent two winding legs 35 based on the imaginary extension line extending from the hook 45 of the commutator 40 Corresponds to distances L1 and L2. 4, when the volume of the fixed magnet 15 facing the second core slot S2 in the clockwise direction with respect to the hook 45 faces the adjacent first core slot S1 Is smaller than the volume of the stationary magnet (15). Therefore, when the rotor 30 rotates, the phase of the fixed magnet 15 changes, and when the counterclockwise rotation is performed, the volume of the fixed magnet 15 facing each other decreases (L1-> L2) The volume of the facing fixed magnet 15 is increased (L2- > L1). 5, A and B each represent an area to the inner surface of two adjacent winding legs 35 based on an imaginary extension line extending from the hook 45 of the commutator 40, respectively.

The number of rotations N of the motor is proportional to the number of parallel circuits a and the number of parallel poles P and the number of conductors Z and the magnetic flux density (?). As described above, when the rotor 30 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction, the volume of the fixed magnet 15 facing each other is reduced, so that the magnetic flux density? And the rotation speed is relatively fast. However, when the rotor 30 is rotated clockwise, the magnetic flux density increases and the rotation speed is relatively slow. As a result, the bidirectional speed of the motor is set differently.

division Conventional electric motor The electric motor Emotional evaluation Advance apse Advance apse Speed (mm / s) 20.6 23.6 20.3 21.4 Tone improvement

Table 1 shows the evaluation results when the electric motor according to the present invention is used as a motor for moving a seat of an automobile. In Table 1, the conventional electric motor uses the conventional symmetrical electric motor, and the electric motor according to the present invention uses the asymmetric electric motor according to the present invention. In the present invention, the relative angle between the commutator 40 and the core is set to 3 degrees.

The seat of the automobile is inclined forward and is loaded when it is moved forward. Therefore, when a conventional electric motor is used, there is a speed difference of about 3 mm / s between the forward and backward directions, but the speed difference is reduced to 1.1 mm / s when the present invention is applied. This is because the magnitude of the magnetic force generated when the current flows in the present invention is formed differently according to the rotation direction of the rotor, and as a result, the bi-directional driving speeds of the motors are different from each other. More precisely, the motor of the present invention is faster when rotating to move the seat forward.

division No load Load (0.2 Nm) Constraint (torque (Nm) Clockwise Counterclockwise Clockwise Counterclockwise Clockwise Counterclockwise Conventional electric motor 3240 3250 1950 1940 0.58 0.59 The electric motor 3197 3490 1927 2103 0.60 0.60

Table 2 shows the bidirectional speed (unit: RPM) of the electric motor, which is a comparison between a conventional electric motor and an electric motor using the present invention. As shown in Table 2, it can be seen that the speed difference between the clockwise direction and the counterclockwise direction is as small as 10 RPM when the conventional electric motor has no load (no load) (0.2 Nm). On the contrary, when the electric motor according to the present invention is applied, the speed difference between the clockwise direction and the counterclockwise direction is 297 RPM when there is no load, and the speed difference between the two is considerably different from 176 RPM when there is a load .

As described above, the electric motor according to the present invention is different in clockwise and counterclockwise speeds from each other, which results in a difference in magnetic flux density between the commutator slots T and the core slots S, which do not coincide with each other. That is, in the present invention, the hook 45 of the commutator 40 is provided to be shifted relative to the winding leg 35 of the core, and two adjacent core slots S1 and S2 are connected to the hook 45 of the commutator 40 And has an asymmetric structure. Preferably, the relative angle of the commutator 40 to the core is diagonal from 2 to 5 degrees.

Accordingly, the magnitude of the magnetic force generated when the current flows is different according to the rotation direction of the rotor 30, and as a result, the bi-directional driving speeds of the motors are different from each other. If the motor according to the present invention is installed in a place where different speeds are required depending on the driving direction, different speeds can be realized by only the motor without a separate speed control device, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost and simplifying the structure of the motor.

Meanwhile, since the electric motors according to the present invention are set to have different speeds in both directions, the electric motor of the present invention can be applied to an apparatus in which a load is further applied in either direction. More precisely, the commutator slot T is formed to be biased toward a direction in which the load is relatively increased in the rotation direction of the rotor 30 with reference to a position coinciding with the core slot S. As described above, the electric motor of the present invention can be set so that, for example, the seat movement device of the automobile takes a larger load due to the inclination angle when moving forward, so that a larger speed is applied toward the forward movement . That is, in the present invention, the bidirectional driving speed of the motor is changed according to the relative angle setting between the commutator 40 and the core with respect to the rotation axis 50 of the motor. Therefore, when the motor is manufactured, 40 and the core may be appropriately adjusted. Therefore, it is possible to produce a motor having various purposes and uses even without a separate production facility.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. That is, within the scope of the present invention, all of the components may be selectively coupled to one or more of them. Furthermore, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or "having" described above mean that a component can be implanted unless otherwise specifically stated, But should be construed as including other elements. All terms, including technical and scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, unless otherwise defined. Commonly used terms, such as predefined terms, should be interpreted to be consistent with the contextual meanings of the related art, and are not to be construed as ideal or overly formal, unless expressly defined to the contrary.

The foregoing description is merely illustrative of the technical idea of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention but to limit the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be construed according to the following claims, and all technical ideas within the scope of equivalents should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention.

10: stator 15: stationary magnet
30: rotor 31: core body
35: winding leg 40: commutator
41: commutator body 45: hook
50: rotation axis S: core slot

Claims (7)

A stator for forming a magnetic field,
A rotor which is constituted by winding a coil in a core slot formed in the core and which is disposed inside the stator and rotates;
And a commutator coupled to the rotor to change a direction of a current flowing in the coil,
The core slots of the core and the commutator slots of the commutator are arranged to be shifted from each other about the rotation axis of the rotor,
The commutator
A commutator body coupled to the rotational axis of the rotor,
And a plurality of hooks provided on the commutator body and through which the coils are wound,
Wherein a centerline of a commutator slot located between the plurality of hooks has a bidirectional speed deviation that is biased in either direction with respect to a centerline of the core slot.
delete The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the core slots and the commutator slots are formed in the same number, and the bidirectional speed deviation is arranged so that the centerlines of the commutator slots are shifted from the centerline of each core slot.
2. The method of claim 1,
A core body,
A winding leg projecting from the core body,
And a winding arm protruding from both ends of the winding leg,
The core slot is formed between two adjacent winding legs and a winding arm,
And a bi-directional speed deviation in which distances to the inner surfaces of two adjacent winding legs are different with respect to a virtual extension line extending from the hook of the commutator.
The electric motor according to claim 4, wherein the fixed magnets facing the coils located in the left and right core slots with respect to the hook of the commutator have different bi-directional velocity deviations.
The method of any one of claims 1, 3, 4, and 5, wherein the commutator slot has a relatively greater load in the rotational direction of the rotor relative to a position coincident with a core slot of the core The electric motor having a bidirectional speed deviation biased toward the direction of engagement.
The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the relative angle between the hook of the commutator and the winding leg of the core has a bidirectional speed deviation of 2 to 5 degrees.

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