KR101957797B1 - Method for virtual electric power trading between microgrids based on bidding way and agent apparatus for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of virtual power trading between microgrid and an agent apparatus therefor. The bidirectional microgrid inter-virtual-power trading agent apparatus according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes an information collector for collecting bidding information from a plurality of micro-grids during a predetermined bid time; And a mediating unit for determining whether the microgrid can be concluded by using the collected bidding information. The present invention enables power trading between micro grids to benefit between micro grids that desire to sell power and micro grids that desire to purchase power.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a method of virtual power trading between microgrid based on a bidding method, and an agent apparatus for the same. [0002]

The present invention relates to a method of virtual power trading between microgrid and an agent apparatus therefor.

The US Department of Energy (DOE) defines the Micro Grid as:

It is a single controllable entity for the grid as a group of 'consumers' and 'Distributed Energy Resources' (DERs) interconnected in a clearly defined electrical range, and is connectable and independent from the grid.

In other words, the micro grid is a localized power grid that connects the distributed energy resources (DER) of the customer, wind power, and solar power, and operates independently of the entire power system (off-grid) ), And is a power grid that can operate on-grid as needed.

However, the microgrid in the present invention is interpreted in a broader sense.

In the present invention, the microgrid may be any one of the following: i) a load cluster formed only by a load connected to a common connection point; ii) a power generation cluster formed only by a power generation source; and iii) a cluster having both a power generation source and a load. That is, the microgrid of the present invention can be in various forms. The microgrid of the present invention may include a unit for performing control operations in the microgrid. In the micro grid of the present invention, the load may be at least one of a controllable load and an uncontrollable load. In the micro grid of the present invention, the power generation source may be at least one of an output controllable power generation source and an output controllable power generation source. And, the microgrid of the present invention can include an energy storage device. There is no limitation on the number of loads and power sources belonging to the micro grid of the present invention.

Such a micro grid can be operated independently or in conjunction with the power system with control mechanisms such as optimal control, economic dispatch, and the like. Alternatively, the microgrid can be operated independently or in conjunction with the power system due to the accident and recovery of the power system. Or, in the context of economic dispatch, electricity trading between the microgrid and the utility grid can take place.

Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2011-0034888 (April 4, 2011) Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2016-0010789 (2016.01.28)

In an environment in which various types of micro grids exist, the present invention aims to provide a virtual power trading method between a micro grid that enables power trading between micro grids and an agent apparatus therefor.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bidirectional microgrid inter-virtual-power trading agent apparatus including an information collecting unit collecting bidding information from a plurality of micro-grids during a predetermined bid time; And a mediating unit for determining whether the microgrid can be concluded by using the collected bidding information.

Here, the bid information may be any one of a) a sales time zone, a sales power amount, a power sale bid price, and b) a purchase time zone, a purchased power amount, and a power purchase bid price.

The brokerage unit can determine that the transaction is concluded when the bid price proposed by the micro grid that desires to sell the power matches the bid price proposed by the micro grid that desires to purchase power.

Further, the mediating unit may determine that the transaction can be concluded in the form of at least one of the power seller: the power buyer is 1: n, n: 1 and m: n (m, n is an integer of 2 or more).

The settlement unit may further include a settlement unit that performs settlement for the power transaction concluded by the brokerage unit, and the settlement unit may settle at least one of the grid fee and the brokerage fee in a fixed rate method or a fixed method.

Further, the above-mentioned power network use

[Equation 1]

Electricity network fee = sales unit (unit price) * Unit electricity quantity Sales (or purchase) cost * Network fee rate (predetermined ratio (x1))

 And

&Quot; (2) "

Electricity network fee = Bid unit with which transaction is concluded * Pre-set unit usage amount (y1)

Or the like.

Also,

The brokerage fee

&Quot; (3) "

Brokerage fee = Bid unit with which transaction is concluded * Unit electricity amount Sales (or purchase) cost * Brokerage commission rate (predetermined ratio (x2))

 And

&Quot; (4) "

Brokerage fee = Bidding unit with transaction * Pre-set unit brokerage fee (y2)

Or the like.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for virtual-to-microgrid power trading based on bidding method, comprising: collecting bidding information from a plurality of micro grids during a predetermined bidding time; And use the collected bidding information to determine whether or not the micro-grid power trading can be concluded.

The bid information may be any one of a) a sales time zone, a sales power amount, a power sale bid price, and b) a purchase time zone, a purchase power amount, and a power purchase bid price.

Also, in the step of determining whether or not the power trading can be concluded, it can be determined that a transaction is concluded when the bid price proposed by the micro grid that desires to sell power matches the bid price proposed by the micro grid that desires to purchase power.

Further, the power seller: the power buyer can determine that the transaction can be concluded in the form of at least one of 1: n, n: 1 and m: n (m, n is an integer of 2 or more).

The method may further include the step of accounting for at least one of the power grid fee and the brokerage fee in a fixed rate method or a fixed rate method.

Further, the above-mentioned power network use

[Equation 1]

Electricity network fee = sales unit (unit price) * Unit electricity quantity Sales (or purchase) cost * Network fee rate (predetermined ratio (x1))

 And

&Quot; (2) "

Electricity network fee = Bid unit with which transaction is concluded * Pre-set unit usage amount (y1)

Or the like.

Also, the brokerage fee

&Quot; (3) "

Brokerage fee = Bid unit with which transaction is concluded * Unit electricity amount Sales (or purchase) cost * Brokerage commission rate (predetermined ratio (x2))

 And

&Quot; (4) "

Brokerage fee = Bidding unit with transaction * Pre-set unit brokerage fee (y2)

Or the like.

The present invention enables power trading between micro grids to benefit between micro grids that desire to sell power and micro grids that desire to purchase power.

The present invention enables power trading between the microgrid in cooperation with the power trading market and the power grid.

1 is a schematic diagram of a micro-grid inter-virtual power trading system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a functional block diagram of the agent apparatus of FIG.
3 is a flow chart for a virtual power trading process performed by the agent device of FIG.
4 is a schematic diagram of a bid-based microgrid inter-virtual power trading system.
5 shows an example of the bidding information provided by the MG agent apparatus.
6 shows an example of a settlement method of the settlement section.
Figure 7 is a flow chart of a virtual power trading process between the bidding method microgrid.

While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments, but includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Like reference numerals are used for like elements in describing each drawing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as a first component.

And / or < / RTI > includes any combination of a plurality of related listed items or any of a plurality of related listed items.

It is to be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected or connected to the other element, .

On the other hand, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that there are no other elements in between.

The terminology used in this application is used only to describe a specific embodiment and is not intended to limit the invention.

The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present application, the terms "comprises" or "having" and the like are used to specify that there is a feature, a number, a step, an operation, an element, a component or a combination thereof described in the specification, But do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries are to be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the contextual meaning of the related art and are to be interpreted as either ideal or overly formal in the sense of the present application Do not.

Hereinafter, a microgrid inter-virtual power trading system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 is a schematic diagram of a micro-grid inter-virtual power trading system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a functional block diagram of the agent apparatus of FIG.

1, a microgrid inter-virtual power trading system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a micro grid 100, a micro grid agent apparatus 200 (hereinafter referred to as "MG agent apparatus"), A power supplier 400, and a power trading market operator 500. The power supplier 400 may be a power supply company or a power supply company. The device on the micro grid 100, the MG agent device 200, the MG MI device 300, the power company 400 side device and the power trading market operator 500 (for example, the power exchange KPX) (Not shown). Here, the communication network may be any one of wired and wireless communication networks. And, the communication protocol may be unlimited. Various communication methods may be mixed. Also, a power line communication (PLC) scheme may be used. 1, at least one of the power company 400 and the power trading market operator 500 may be included in the microgrid inter-virtual power trading system of the present invention.

1 shows that the microgrid 100 and the MG agent apparatus 200 are hierarchically separated. Alternatively, the MG agent device 200 may be designed to belong to a system within a particular microgrid. That is, there may be a microgrid having an operating system including the functions of the MG agent apparatus 200. In this case, the MG agent apparatus 200 and the microgrid operating entity to which the MG agent apparatus 200 belongs may be different or the same.

The microgrid 100 in FIG. 1 may be any of the following: i) a load cluster formed only by a load connected to a common connection point ii) a generator cluster formed by only a generator, and iii) a cluster with both a generator and a load. That is, the microgrid of the present invention can be in various forms. The microgrid of the present invention may include a unit for performing control operations in the microgrid. In the micro grid of the present invention, the load may be at least one of a controllable load and an uncontrollable load. Further, in the micro grid of the present invention, the power source may be at least one of an output controllable load and an output controllable load. And, the microgrid of the present invention can include an energy storage device. In the microgrid of the present invention, there may be no limitation on the number of loads and power sources belonging to the microgrid. In FIG. 1, each of the plurality of micro-grids 100 may be any one of various micro-grid shapes defined by the present invention described above. Each of the plurality of micro-grids 100 may be electrically connected through a power grid (not shown). The grid can be a utility grid. And, a plurality of microgrid may belong to different distribution planes. And, the operating subject of the different distribution view may be different.

Each of the plurality of micro grids 100 may include a control unit capable of managing the microgrid in conjunction with the MG agent apparatus.

The MG agent apparatus 200 can manage power transactions of at least one microgrid 100, which is a lower node in terms of a communication architecture. The MG agent apparatus 200 may be plural. When there are a plurality of MG agent apparatuses 200, the operating subjects may be different from each other. The plurality of microgrids managed by the MG agent apparatus 200 may belong to the same distribution scheme, respectively, or may be different from each other.

A plurality of MG agent apparatuses 200 are managed by the MG MI apparatus 300, and may perform a virtual power trading-related operation in cooperation with the MG MI apparatus 300.

The micro-grid power trading performed by the MG agent device 200 is a virtual power trading concept, and there may be no physical limitation in power trading. In other words, when power is exchanged between microgrid, existing power grid interconnecting multiple microgrids can be used as is.

In addition, the power transaction proof in the micro-grid inter-power transaction performed by the MG agent apparatus 200 may be a concept of measurement based proof rather than physical direct transaction.

The micro-grid power transaction performed by the MG agent apparatus 200 can be performed by the MG agent apparatus 200 under the power market mechanism without going through the existing power market.

In addition, power exchange between various micro-grids can be performed through power exchange between the micro-grids performed by the MG agent device 200, and economical efficiency of each micro-grid object can be maximized through various micro-grid power transactions.

The MG agent apparatus 200 may integrate microgrid resources to enable the microgrid to participate in the power market through a power market intermediary (MG MI device in the present invention).

The economical efficiency of each microgrid object can be maximized through various microgrid power trading by scheduling of the MG agent apparatus 200.

In addition, microgrid resources can be integrated and the microgrid can participate in the power market through power market intermediaries (MG MI devices in the present invention).

Here, the power trading between the micro grid and the power market through the micro grid-based power trading and the MG agent apparatus 200 / MG MI apparatus 300 may be the concept of the metering amount-based power transaction proof.

An intermediary fee and a power grid fee may be added to the profit generating portion due to the power trading arbitration through the MG agent apparatus 200. [

The MG agent apparatus 200 can contribute to the weight and efficiency of the EMS (Energy Management System) in the microgrid 100 through the historical data management proxy of the microgrid 100 to be managed.

In the present invention, the MG MI 300 may play an integrated role in the power market transactions of the MG agent devices 200. In the present invention, the MG MI device 300 may act as a power market participant in the MG agent devices 200.

The MG MI device 300 may be operated singularly or plural. Rather than managing all the micro grids connected to the power network with one MG MI device 300, the integrated management of the MG MI device 300 through the plurality of MG agent devices 200 is efficient and new business area expansion and It is easy to develop. When the distribution business network is divided, it is preferable to manage it by a plurality of MG agent apparatuses 200. When a plurality of electric power companies operate distribution lines, it is preferable to manage them by a plurality of MG agent apparatuses 200. [

The MG MI device 300 may be operated by an operator of the separate MG MI device 300. Here, the operator of the MG MI device 300 may be a power company. The present invention does not limit the MG MI device 300 operator.

The MG MI device 300 of the present invention can store the transaction proof data of the MG agent device 200 that is interlocked with the MG MI device 300 and provide transaction proof data to the electric power company 400 and the power transaction market operator 500 .

The MG MI device 300 of the present invention can assist in the settlement of electric power charges of the micro grid through proof of the power transaction in cooperation with the utility charge settlement system.

The MG MI 300 of the present invention can interwork with the MG agent 200 and mediate the electricity market and the micro grid, and mediate the demand response market and the micro grid.

The MG MI 300 of the present invention develops a power bill system through historical data of micro grid resources managed by the MG agent apparatus 200 through interworking with the MG agent apparatus 200, A reaction system can be developed.

The MG MI device 300 of the present invention can perform virtual power trading among the microgrid 100, virtual power trading between the MG agent devices 200, power trading of the microgrid 100, Settlement of accounts, and settlement of charges. The MG MI device 300 collects the transaction proof data from the MG agent device 200 and provides it to the electric utility charge settlement system that cooperates with the MG MI device 300. The electric utility charge settlement system reflects the transaction proof data in the electric charge settlement . ≪ / RTI > The MG MI device 300 may provide the same day and real time power trading market information to the MG agent device 200. The MG MI 300 device may then provide the MG agent device 200 with the power trading market information the next day or after a predetermined time.

2, the MG agent apparatus 200 includes an information collecting unit 210, a mediating unit 220, an evidence data collecting unit 230, a settlement unit 240, and an evidence data providing unit 250 .

The information collecting unit 210 can collect the power transaction information from the micro grid 100 interlocked with each other. Here, the electric power transaction information may be any one of electric power sales information and electric power purchase information. The information collecting unit 210 may collect power purchase information from a micro grid that is intended to purchase electric power sales information as power transaction information from a micro grid to sell electric power. The power sale information may include power sale conditions (e.g., sales power, sales price, etc.). The power purchase information may include power purchase conditions (purchased power, sales price, etc.).

The intermediary 220 can determine whether the power trading can be concluded by referring to the power trading information. When the power purchase condition and the power sale condition match, the mediator 220 can determine that the power transaction between the micro grid providing the power sale condition and the micro grid providing the power purchase condition can be concluded. If the power purchasing condition and the power selling condition do not match, the mediating unit 220 can determine that the power contract is incomplete between the micro grid providing the power sales condition and the micro grid providing the power purchase condition. Convergence may mean that all of the mutual power trading conditions are met. For example, if the purchase price is equal to or greater than the selling price, it can be regarded as a match. If the price is matched but the amount of electricity purchased is larger than the amount of electricity sold, it can be regarded as a sum of the amount of electricity sold (that is, electricity trading is established).

The mediating unit 220 can determine whether or not the power supply can be concluded by the power sales condition or the power purchase condition when any one of the micro grid providing the power sales condition and the micro grid providing the power purchase condition is plural have. At this time, it may be determined whether or not the power trading can be concluded according to a predetermined priority (for example, a power trading information providing procedure).

The evidence data collection unit 230 may collect evidence from the microgrid to determine whether or not power trading has been normally performed between the microgrid with which the power transaction is concluded in accordance with the intermediary of the mediator 220. [ For example, the evidence may be a metric corresponding to the amount of electricity sold on the micro grid side to supply power according to the established power trading conditions. When the amount of sales power included in the established power trading condition and the amount of power supplied to the power grid by the micro grid to sell the power are equal, it is determined that the power trading according to the power trading condition is normally completed .

If it is determined that the power transaction is completed in the proof data collection unit 230, the settlement unit 240 can settle the gain generated by the power purchase condition and the power sale condition. The gain can be set based on the amount of profits the microgrid that sold the power receives. Or may be set based on the amount of profit received by the microgrid that purchased the power. Or may be set based on the benefit amount of both. For example, if the purchase price in the sales condition is 100 won and the purchase price in the purchasing condition is 150, if the conditions are matched and the power transaction is concluded, the gain amount according to the power transaction may be 50 won.

The settlement unit 240 may set a predetermined portion of the revenues as an intermediary fee. On the other hand, commission fees can be a cost that is proportional to the amount of electricity sold regardless of the gain. Then, the predetermined portion of the revenues can be used as a power grid fee. On the other hand, commission fees can be a cost that is proportional to the amount of electricity purchased, regardless of the gain. And, regardless of the gain, the cost that is proportional to the amount of electricity purchased can be the electricity cost of the grid. The settlement unit 240 can perform settlement of the utility fee with the electric power company 400. The settlement unit 240 can perform settlement of the brokerage commission according to the set contract condition with at least one of the micro grid that sold the power and the micro grid that purchased the power.

The evidence data providing unit 250 may provide the electric power company 400 or the power trading market operator 500 with proof of the fact that the electricity trading is normally performed. Here, the evidence may include the sales power of the microgrid that sold the power. Alternatively, the evidence may include the amount of power purchased by the microgrid that purchased the power. Alternatively, the evidence may include power trading parties (microgrid) information between the microgrid. Based on this evidence, the utilities can estimate the electricity price of the power buyer. For example, the electricity price may be calculated by subtracting the amount of power supplied by another power source from the other micro grid from the total amount of power supplied by the power buyer through the power grid. The evidence may be transmitted via the MG MI device 300.

Hereinafter, a micro-grid inter-virtual power trading method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 3 is a flow chart for a virtual power trading process performed by the agent device of FIG. By the following description, the above-described configuration can be made more clear.

First, the information collecting unit 210 may collect the power transaction information from the micro grid 100 that interlocks with the power trading information (S31). Here, the electric power transaction information may be any one of electric power sales information and electric power purchase information. The information collecting unit 210 may collect power purchase information from a micro grid that is intended to purchase electric power sales information as power transaction information from a micro grid to sell electric power. The power sale information may include power sale conditions (e.g., sales power, sales price, etc.). The power purchase information may include purchase conditions (purchased power, sales price, etc.).

The intermediary 220 can determine whether the power trading can be concluded by referring to the power trading information (S32). When the power purchase condition and the power sale condition match, the mediating unit 220 can determine that the power sale between the micro grid providing the power sale condition and the micro grid providing the power purchase condition can be concluded. If the power purchase condition and the power sale condition do not match, the mediator 220 may determine that the power purchase contract is incomplete between the microgrid providing the power sale condition and the microgrid providing the power purchase condition ( S33). The mediating unit 220 can determine whether or not the power supply can be concluded by the power sales condition or the power purchase condition when any one of the micro grid providing the power sales condition and the micro grid providing the power purchase condition is plural have. At this time, it may be determined whether or not the power trading can be concluded according to a predetermined priority (for example, a power trading information providing procedure).

The evidence data collection unit 230 may collect evidence from the microgrid to determine whether the power transaction has been normally performed between the microgrid in which the power transaction is concluded in accordance with the mediation of the mediator 220 (S34). For example, the evidence may be a metric corresponding to the amount of electricity sold on the micro grid side to supply power according to the established power trading conditions. When the amount of sales power included in the established power trading condition and the amount of power supplied to the power grid by the micro grid to sell the power are equal, it is determined that the power trading according to the power trading condition is normally completed .

If it is determined that the power transaction is completed in the proof data collection unit 230, the settlement unit 240 can settle the completed power transaction (S35). For example, the settlement unit 240 can settle the gain amount generated by the purchase condition and the sales condition. The gain can be set based on the amount of profits the microgrid that sold the power receives. Or may be set based on the amount of profit received by the microgrid that purchased the power. Or may be set based on the benefit amount of both. For example, if the purchase price in the sales condition is 100 won and the purchase price in the purchasing condition is 150, if the conditions are matched and the power transaction is concluded, the gain amount according to the power transaction may be 50 won.

The settlement unit 240 may set a predetermined portion of the revenues as an intermediary fee. On the other hand, commission fees can be a cost that is proportional to the amount of electricity sold regardless of the gain. Then, the predetermined portion of the revenues can be used as a power grid fee. On the other hand, commission fees can be a cost that is proportional to the amount of electricity purchased, regardless of the gain. And, regardless of the gain, the cost that is proportional to the amount of electricity purchased can be the electricity cost of the grid.

The evidence data providing unit 250 may provide at least one of the electric power company 400 and the power trading market operator 500 with proof of the fact that the electricity trading is normally performed at step S36. Here, the evidence may include the sales power of the microgrid that sold the power. Alternatively, the evidence may include the amount of power purchased by the microgrid that purchased the power. Alternatively, the evidence may include power trading parties (microgrid) information between the microgrid. Based on this evidence, the utilities can estimate the electricity price of the power buyer. For example, the electricity price may be calculated by subtracting the amount of power supplied by another power source from the other micro grid from the total amount of power supplied by the power buyer through the power grid. The evidence may be transmitted via the MG MI device 300.

S35 and S36 may be performed in the order different or concurrently. The order of S34 and S35 may be reversed.

Hereinafter, a case in which the micro-grid electric power trading proceeds in the above-mentioned virtual grid electric power trading system between micro grids will be described in detail.

In the bidding method, each microgrid performs the following roles and functions.

- The Micro Grid establishes a driving plan to optimize the cost function based on the cost function. For example, microgrid can build a driving plan to optimize economic efficiency based on cost function.

- Based on the results of the operation planning, the microgrid provides surplus (sales) power or required (purchased) power information (sales volume, purchase volume, sales or purchase bid price) to the MG agent device. Hereinafter, the sales power information and the purchase power information are collectively referred to as electric power transaction information. Hereinafter, the microgrid-side power trading information desired to be sold is referred to as a "power sale condition", and the microgrid-side power trading information desired to be purchased is referred to as "power purchase condition". The act of providing the power sale condition / power purchase condition to the MG agent device is collectively referred to as a bid. The calculation of the surplus (sales power) or the required (purchase) power on the operation plan can be performed automatically by the computing equipment in the microgrid or manually calculated by the operator.

- The amount of electricity purchased and the amount of electricity purchased under the electricity purchase conditions can be an integral multiple of the unit energy amount. In other words, the unit power amount (unit trading amount) may be a bid base unit. The unit power amount is kW *? T, where? T = {(T) - (T-1)}. For example, if ΔT is 15 minutes, the unit power amount can be 1 kW * 1 / 4h = 0.25 kWh. In this case, if the Micro Grid that wants to sell electricity makes 100 unit bids, the sales power may be 25 kWh. Hereinafter,? T may be a power sale unit time in a power sale condition, may be referred to as a power purchase unit time in a power purchase condition, and may be collectively referred to as a power transaction unit time.

- The electricity sales conditions may include sales time zone (T), sales electricity quantity (kWΔTs: where ΔTs is ΔT (electricity selling unit time) * integer), and electricity sales bid price.

- Power purchase conditions may include purchase time zone (T), purchased power (kWΔTb: where ΔTb is ΔT (power purchase unit time) * integer), and power purchase bid price.

- the bidding may be initiated at a pre-set minimum time (bid start time) (e.g., T-Tx (which may be equal to the power trading unit time, [Delta] T).

- The transaction may be concluded between the seller and the buyer with mutually agreeable terms, at a predetermined time after the start of the bid (bid deadline (T-ΔTy) (where ΔTy <ΔTx).

In the bidding method, each MG agent device performs the following roles and functions.

- The MG agent device can integrate microgrid bidding information. The MG agent device can mediate the power trading between EPs by providing a market system.

- The MG agent device receives bidding information from the microgrid, collects it, and provides it to the microgrid. This allows the operator of the microgrid participating in the bidding to understand the current status of the transaction. At this time, in addition to the bid information, the demand reaction price or the RTP price (Real Time Price) may be provided to the micro grid. Such information may be shared among the MG agent devices.

- The MG agent device enters into a transaction for the T time zone (time zone for sale / purchase) and can inform the micro grid. As a result, the microgrid that desires to sell the power can transmit the sales power to the power system at the time (T).

- The MG agent device can use the electric power transaction information to issue the contents to be used for the settlement of the electric power charge in the form of an evidence and store it. This evidence may be provided to the MG MI device or the utility. Proof of transaction may be an encrypted / non-modifiable document. As we have seen, the proof of the transaction can be metric. For this purpose, a precision instrument or a standardized instrument may be provided on the microgrid side.

Hereinafter, the bidirectional microgrid inter-virtual power trading system will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 6. FIG. Hereinafter, the description of the above-described items will be omitted or simplified. 4 is a schematic diagram of a bid-based microgrid inter-virtual power trading system. 5 shows an example of the bidding information provided by the MG agent apparatus. 6 shows an example of a settlement method of the settlement section.

Basically, the power trading system may include the micro grid 100, the MG agent apparatus 200, the MG MI apparatus 300, the power company 400, and the power market operator 500 as described above.

Here, the micro grid 100 may provide the MG agent apparatus 200 with the bid information (the above-mentioned electric power transaction information).

The MG agent apparatus 200 can provide the real time bidding status information and the transaction completion information to the micro grid 100. At this time, the bidding status information and the transaction completion information between the MG agent apparatuses can be shared. The MG agent apparatus 200 stores evidence (evidence) for proving whether or not the power sale has been performed according to the transaction condition when the transaction is concluded and transmits the proof to the MG MI apparatus 300, the electric power company 400, And / or the operator 500. The MG agent apparatus 200 can collect information necessary for issuing the evidence from the micro grid. For example, measurement information that can be used to verify that the sales power is transmitted to the power grid (the grid that electrically connects the micro grid and the operator may be the power company) at the time of sale, MG agent apparatus 200 can collect from the microgrid.

The MG MI device 300 receives market information such as RTP (Real Time Price) and DR information (Demand Response Information) from the electric power market operator and can provide it to the MG agent device 200. At this time, the MG agent apparatus 200 can provide RTP to the micro grid together with the bid information. The receiving microgrid can determine whether to engage in electricity trading with a power market operator or with another microgrid. The MG agent apparatus 200 receiving the DR information can provide the DR information to the microgrid so that the microgrid can participate in the DR market. Alternatively, when the MG agent apparatus 200 is in charge of the operation of the microgrid, the microgrid may be controlled by the microgrid to participate in the demand reaction market.

In the bidding method, the information collecting unit 210, the mediating unit 220, the evidence data collecting unit 230, the settlement unit 240, the evidence data providing unit 250, which are components of the MG agent apparatus 200, Will be described.

The information collecting unit 210 can collect the power transaction information from the micro grid 100 interlocked with each other. Here, the power transaction information may be any one of a power sale condition and a power purchase condition. The information collecting unit 210 may collect power purchase conditions from a micro grid that is intended to purchase electric power sales conditions as power transaction information from a micro grid to sell electric power. The electricity sales condition may include a sale time zone, a sales power amount, and a power sale bid price. The power purchase condition may include a purchase time zone, a purchased power amount, and a power purchase bid price. The power transaction information can also be collected through another MG agent apparatus 200. The virtual power transaction of the present invention may be performed between the microgrid managed by the single MG agent apparatus 200 or between the microgrid managed by the different MG agent apparatuses 200. [

The mediating unit 220 may collect the power transaction information collected in real time and provide it to the microgrid. When electric power is exchanged between the micro grids managed by different MG agent apparatuses 200, the electric power transaction information may be provided to another MG agent apparatus 200 as well.

The microgrid may automatically or manually adjust the bidding information to a predetermined bid deadline by referring to the power transaction information, and the adjusted bidding information (power transaction information) may be provided to the real-time MG agent apparatus 200. The bid start time and the bid deadline are as described above.

The brokerage unit 220 can determine whether or not the transaction is concluded when the bid closing time comes. At this time, the brokerage unit 220 can determine that the transaction is concluded when the bid conditions between the seller and the buyer are matched. In this case, when the bid conditions are completely matched (the same amount of power sales and power purchase amount) between the buyer and the seller based on the power sales amount and the power purchase amount, And the purchase amount is greater than the electric power sales amount). In this case, the power seller: the power buyer can be matched in the form of at least one of 1: n, n: 1 and m: n (m, n is an integer of 2 or more).

5 shows an example of bid information. The bidding information is described by the micro grid as follows. In Figure 5, the power sales volume / power purchase volume can be counted (or can be denoted) in bid units. In Fig. 5, the numerical value corresponding to the sales power amount may be an integer which is the sales power amount / unit power amount as a bid unit. In FIG. 5, the numerical value corresponding to the amount of purchased electricity may be an integer which is the amount of purchased electricity / unit electric energy as a bid unit. In FIG. 5, the price may be a unit quantity of electricity sales or a purchase price. The unit of price can be "won".

* MG 1: Electricity sales conditions (Electricity sales time zone: T, Electricity sales volume: Unit electricity amount * 100, Sales price: 100)

* MG 2: Electricity sales conditions (electricity sales time zone: T, electricity sales volume: unit electricity amount * 50, sales price: 100)

* MG 3: Power Purchase Conditions (Power Purchase Time: T, Power Purchased Quantity: Unit Electricity * 200, Purchase Price: 110)

* MG 4: Electricity sales conditions (electricity sales time zone: T, electricity sales volume: unit electricity amount * 200, sale price: 95)

* MGi: Power Purchase Conditions (Power Purchase Time: T, Power Purchase: Unit Electricity * 50, Purchase Price: 100)

* MGk: Electricity Purchase Conditions (Power Purchase Time: T, Electricity Purchased Quantity: Unit Electricity * 100, Purchase Price: 100)

* RTP: (purchase price: 90) (RTP may not be shown)

MG 1 to 4, MGi and MGk participate in the bid at T-ΔTx (bid start time), and the bidding order may be from left to right in the corresponding cell as shown in FIG.

The bidding was conducted during "ΔTx - Δty", and the bidding information can be continuously updated during that time.

FIG. 5 shows a result of a trade between the sellers MG1 and MG2 and the purchasers MGi and MGk, which satisfy the condition between the seller and the buyer on the basis of FIG. 5, which is the bid information determined at the bid deadline.

At this time, the transaction is concluded in the order of bidding.

Therefore, a transaction must be concluded between MG1 and MGi. However, the sales power is more than the purchased power. Therefore, the mediating unit 220 can determine that some transactions are established (50 out of 100 power purchase amounts) based on the power trading amount.

The mediating part 220 can judge that the sales price for the 100 MGi to be sold by MG1 is limited and the remaining 50 is sold to MGk.

At this time, the mediator 220 can determine that MGk purchases 50 of the 100 MG1 purchased from the MG2, excluding 50 purchased, from the MG2. In this manner, the intermediate unit 220 can determine whether all or a part of the transactions are concluded in the bid order at mutually matched prices.

The intermediary 220 may determine whether the transaction is to be concluded, and may transmit the result of the transaction concluding determination to the participating microgrid.

The evidence data collection unit 230 may collect evidence from the microgrid to determine whether or not power trading has been normally performed between the microgrid with which the power transaction is concluded in accordance with the intermediary of the mediator 220. [ For example, the evidence may be a metric corresponding to the amount of electricity sold on the micro grid side to supply power according to the established power trading conditions. When the amount of sales power included in the established power trading condition and the amount of power supplied to the power grid by the micro grid to sell the power are equal, it is determined that the power trading according to the power trading condition is normally completed .

If it is determined that the power transaction is completed in the evidence data providing unit 250, the settlement unit 240 can settle the gain generated by the power purchase condition and the power sale condition. On the other hand, when a transaction is concluded, it is possible to settle the gain on the transaction.

The settlement unit 240 may set a predetermined portion of the revenues as an intermediary fee. On the other hand, commission fees can be a cost that is proportional to the amount of electricity sold regardless of the gain. Then, the predetermined portion of the revenues can be used as a power grid fee. On the other hand, commission fees can be a cost that is proportional to the amount of electricity purchased, regardless of the gain. And, regardless of the gain, the cost that is proportional to the amount of electricity purchased can be the electricity cost of the grid. The settlement unit 240 can perform settlement of the utility fee with the electric power company 400. The settlement unit 240 can perform settlement of the brokerage commission according to the set contract condition with at least one of the micro grid that sold the power and the micro grid that purchased the power.

6 is an example of a settlement method of the settlement unit. In FIG. 6, the basic unit of bid is as described above.

First, a description will be given of a method for calculating a charge for use of a power grid.

The settlement method may be a fixed rate method or a fixed amount method.

In the case of the fixed rate method, the power usage fee can be calculated according to the following equation.

For example, if the bid unit of the amount of sales electricity with which the transaction is concluded is 100, the unit cost of electricity sales (or purchase cost) is 100 Yuan, and the network fee rate is 1%, the electricity bill for the network may be 100 Yuan.

On the other hand, in the case of a fixed imputation method, the power usage fee can be calculated according to the following equation.

For example, if the bidding unit of the amount of sales electricity with which the transaction is concluded is 100, the unit cost of electricity sales cost (or purchase cost) is 100 won, and the predetermined unit usage amount is 0.001, the power consumption cost of the power network may be 10 won.

Hereinafter, the method of calculating the power trading commission fee will be described.

The settlement method may be a fixed rate method or a fixed amount method.

In the case of the fixed rate method, the brokerage fee can be calculated according to the following equation.

For example, if the bid unit of the amount of sales electricity with which the transaction is concluded is 100, the unit cost of electricity sales cost (or purchase cost) is 100 won, and the commission fee rate is 1%, the commission fee may be 100 won.

Alternatively, according to the fixed imputation method, the brokerage fee can be calculated according to the following equation.

For example, if the bidding unit of the amount of sales electricity with which the transaction is concluded is 100, the selling cost of the unit amount of electricity (or purchase cost) is 100 won, and the predetermined unit brokerage fee is 0.001, the brokerage fee may be 10 won.

The settlement unit 240 may determine that the transaction has been concluded by the broker 220 or that it has been determined that the transaction is completed by the proof data collection unit 230 and that the power usage fee and / And calculate it. The settlement unit 240 can settle the settlement with the power company directly or via the MG MI unit 300. [

The evidence data providing unit 250 can issue and manage the evidence of the corresponding power transaction based on the evidence collected by the evidence collection unit 230. Evidence can be used as a basis for estimating the electricity price of a power buyer. Accordingly, the settlement unit 240 may provide the management certificate to the electric power company 400 or the electric power market operator 500 directly or via the MG MI unit 300 in order to reflect the electric power transaction result when calculating the electric power charge can do. When the collection of the evidence data is completed, the MG agent apparatus 200 can judge that the transaction is completed.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 7, a description will be given of a virtual power trading method between the bidding system microgrid. Hereinafter, the description of the above-described items will be omitted or simplified. By the following description, the above-described configuration can be made more clear. Figure 7 is a flow chart of a virtual power trading process between the bidding method microgrid.

First, a bid can be initiated. When the bid start time is set to T-ΔTx (T is the power sale time zone or the power purchase time), the power transaction information corresponding to the power sale or power purchase at the time T or the same time as or after the time T- When collected by unit 210, a bid can be initiated (S61).

After S61, the power trading information corresponding to the T time zone in real time (in other words, the power sale condition corresponding to the sale of the power in the T time zone, the power purchase condition corresponding to the purchase of the power in the T time zone) (Step S62).

Here, the power transaction information may be any one of a power sale condition and a power purchase condition. The information collecting unit 210 may collect power purchase conditions from a micro grid that is intended to purchase electric power sales conditions as power transaction information from a micro grid to sell electric power. The electricity sales condition may include a sale time zone, a sales power amount, and a power sale bid price. The power purchase condition may include a purchase time zone, a purchased power amount, and a power purchase bid price. The power transaction information can also be collected through another MG agent apparatus 200.

The information collecting unit 210 may sort the collected power transaction information and provide the bidding information as shown in FIG. 5 to the participating microgrid (S63). When electric power is exchanged between the micro grids managed by different MG agent apparatuses 200, the electric power transaction information (bidding information) may be provided to other MG agent apparatuses 200

The information collecting unit 210 may determine whether or not a bid deadline has arrived (S64). As described above, the bid closing time may be a time before a preset time in the electricity sales time zone T or the electricity trading time zone T. [

In S64, if it is determined that the bid deadline has come, the information collecting unit 210 may continuously collect the power transaction information until the bid deadline, and provide the bid information to the microgrid participating in the bid (S62, S63, S64). The microgrid may automatically or manually adjust the bid information to a predetermined bid deadline by referring to the power transaction information and provide the adjusted bid information (power transaction information) to the real-time MG agent apparatus 200. [

If it is determined in S64 that the bid deadline has arrived, the brokerage unit 220 can determine whether the transaction is concluded (S65). Whether the transaction is concluded may be determined in the order of bidding. At this time, it may be determined based on the power seller and may be determined based on the power buyer. The brokerage unit 220 can determine that the transaction is concluded if the bid conditions between the seller and the buyer are matched. In this case, when the bid conditions are completely matched (the same amount of power sales and power purchase amount) between the buyer and the seller based on the power sales amount and the power purchase amount, And the purchase amount is greater than the electric power sales amount). In this case, the power seller: the power buyer can be matched in the form of at least one of 1: n, n: 1 and m: n (m, n is an integer of 2 or more). The method of judging whether a transaction is concluded is as described above.

The determination result of S65 may be provided to the microgrid participating in the bid (S67).

The proof data collection unit 230 may collect the proof data of the power transaction based on the result of the determination of whether to conclude the transaction (S67). The evidence data collection unit 230 may collect evidence from the microgrid to determine whether or not power trading has been normally performed between the microgrid with which the power transaction is concluded in accordance with the intermediary of the mediator 220. [ For example, the evidence may be a metric corresponding to the amount of electricity sold on the micro grid side to supply power according to the established power trading conditions. When the amount of sales power included in the established power trading condition and the amount of power supplied to the power grid by the micro grid to sell the power are equal to each other, it is determined that the power trading according to the power trading condition is completed .

Then, the settlement unit 240 can perform the settlement for the power transaction concluded at S65 (S68). If it is determined that the power transaction is completed in the evidence data providing unit 250, the settlement unit 240 can settle the gain generated by the power purchase condition and the power sale condition. On the other hand, when a transaction is concluded, it is possible to settle the gain on the transaction. The settlement unit 240 may set a predetermined portion of the revenues as an intermediary fee. On the other hand, commission fees can be a cost that is proportional to the amount of electricity sold regardless of the gain. Then, the predetermined portion of the revenues can be used as a power grid fee. On the other hand, commission fees can be a cost that is proportional to the amount of electricity purchased, regardless of the gain. And, regardless of the gain, the cost that is proportional to the amount of electricity purchased can be the electricity cost of the grid. The settlement unit 240 can perform settlement of the utility fee with the electric power company 400. The settlement unit 240 can perform settlement of the brokerage commission according to the set contract condition with at least one of the micro grid that sold the power and the micro grid that purchased the power. Details of the settlement method are as described above.

Then, the evidence data providing unit 560 may provide the power transaction proof data to the MG MI apparatus 300, the electric power company 400, and the electric power market operator 500 (S69). The settlement unit 240 may determine that the transaction has been concluded by the broker 220 or that it has been determined that the transaction is completed by the proof data collection unit 230 and that the power usage fee and / And calculate it. The settlement unit 240 can settle the settlement with the power company directly or via the MG MI unit 300. [

The evidence data providing unit 250 can issue and manage the evidence of the corresponding power transaction based on the evidence collected by the evidence collection unit 230. Evidence can be used as a basis for estimating the electricity price of a power buyer. Accordingly, the settlement unit 240 may provide the management certificate to the electric power company 400 or the electric power market operator 500 directly or via the MG MI unit 300 in order to reflect the electric power transaction result when calculating the electric power charge can do. When the collection of the evidence data is completed, the MG agent apparatus 200 can judge that the transaction is completed. The above-described method may be performed in a different order. For example, S67 and S68 may be performed at the same time, or the order may be reversed.

100: microgrid
200: MG agent device
300: MG MI device
400: Power company
500: Power Market Operator

Claims (14)

An agent apparatus for virtual power trading between a micro grid based on a bidding method in an environment where a plurality of micro grids are connected to a power grid operated by a power company,
An information collecting unit for collecting bidding information from a plurality of micro grids during a predetermined bidding time; And
And a mediating unit for determining whether or not the microgrid can be concluded by using the collected bidding information,
Wherein the plurality of micro grids are electrically connected through a power grid operated by the power company,
The system for determining whether or not a power transaction has been normally performed between a micro grid in which virtual power trading is concluded in accordance with the brokerage of the brokerage unit, comprising: means for calculating the power for the power supplied to the power grid operated by the power company, Further comprising a proof data collection unit for collecting the measurement from the micro grid to sell the power,
Wherein the proof data collection unit determines that the virtual power exchange is completed when the metering amount and the sales power amount according to the virtual power transaction match,
Further comprising a settlement unit for performing settlement for a virtual power transaction concluded by the intermediary unit in response to the evidence data collection unit determining that the virtual power transaction is completed,
The settlement unit may settle the brokerage fee with the micro-grid, which is the virtual power trading party, in a fixed rate method or a fixed method,
Wherein the settlement unit performs settlement of the power usage fee of the power company, which is the power operator of the power grid, with the fixed rate charging method or the fixed charging method,
Further comprising an evidence data providing unit for providing the electric power company with evidence of the fact that the virtual power transaction is normally performed,
The evidence includes the sales power of the microgrid that sold the power and the purchased power of the microgrid that purchased the power,
The electric power company calculates electric power charges for the virtual electric power trading party using the sales power amount and the purchased electric power amount on the supporting document,
The above-
[Equation 1]
Electricity network fee = sales unit (unit price) * Unit electricity quantity Sales (or purchase) cost * Network fee rate (predetermined ratio (x1))
And
&Quot; (2) &quot;
Electricity network fee = Bid unit with which transaction is concluded * Pre-set unit usage amount (y1)
That is calculated in at least one manner
Wherein the bidirectional virtual grid trading agent is a bidirectional virtual grid trading system. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the bidding information is any one of a) a sales time zone, a sales power amount, a power sale bid price, and b) a purchase time zone, a purchase power amount, and a power purchase bid price. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the mediating unit determines that a transaction is concluded when the bid price proposed by the micro grid that desires to sell the electric power matches the bid price proposed by the micro grid that desires to purchase electric power, . The method of claim 3,
Wherein the mediating unit determines that the transaction can be concluded in the form of at least one of power seller: power buyer 1: n, n: 1 and m: n (m, n is an integer of 2 or more) Virtual power trading agent device. delete delete The method according to claim 1,
The brokerage fee
&Quot; (3) &quot;
Brokerage fee = Bid unit with which transaction is concluded * Unit electricity amount Sales (or purchase) cost * Brokerage commission rate (predetermined ratio (x2))
And
&Quot; (4) &quot;
Brokerage fee = Bidding unit with transaction * Pre-set unit brokerage fee (y2)
Wherein the bidirectional power supply voltage is calculated in at least one manner. A virtual power trading method between a microgrid based on a bidding method using an agent apparatus in an environment in which a plurality of micro grids are connected to a power grid operated by a power company,
Collecting the information on the agent device collecting bidding information from a plurality of micro grids during a predetermined bidding time; And
Wherein the mediating unit on the agent apparatus judges whether or not the micro-grid electric power transaction can be made using the collected bidding information,
Wherein the plurality of micro grids are electrically connected through a power grid operated by the power company,
The data collection unit of the agent device is capable of determining whether or not the power exchange has been normally performed between the microgrid in which the virtual power exchange is concluded in accordance with the mediation of the mediator, Further comprising collecting a metric for power supplied to the power grid from a microgrid that is intended to sell power,
Wherein the proof data collection unit determines that the virtual power exchange is completed when the metering amount and the sales power amount according to the virtual power transaction match,
Wherein the settlement unit on the agent apparatus further comprises performing settlement for the virtual power transaction concluded by the brokerage unit in response to the fact that the evidence collection unit determines that the virtual power transaction is completed,
The settlement unit may settle the brokerage fee with the micro-grid, which is the virtual power trading party, in a fixed rate method or a fixed method,
Wherein the settlement unit performs settlement of the power usage fee of the power company, which is the power operator of the power grid, with the fixed rate charging method or the fixed charging method,
Further comprising the step of providing to the electric power company proof-of-materials for verifying that the virtual power exchange has been normally performed,
The evidence includes the sales power of the microgrid that sold the power and the purchased power of the microgrid that purchased the power,
The electric power company calculates electric power charges for the virtual electric power trading party using the sales power amount and the purchased electric power amount on the supporting document,
The above-
[Equation 1]
Electricity network fee = sales unit (unit price) * Unit electricity quantity Sales (or purchase) cost * Network fee rate (predetermined ratio (x1))
And
&Quot; (2) &quot;
Electricity network fee = Bid unit with which transaction is concluded * Pre-set unit usage amount (y1)
That is calculated in at least one manner
Wherein the bidirectional microgrid-based virtual power trading method comprises the steps of: 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the bidding information is any one of a) a sales time zone, a sales power amount, a power sale bid price, and b) a purchase time zone, a purchase power amount, and a power purchase bid price. 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein it is determined that the transaction is concluded when the bid price proposed by the micro grid that desires to sell the power and the bid price proposed by the micro grid that desires to purchase power are the same, Based micro - grid. 11. The method of claim 10,
The power buyer determines that the transaction can be concluded in the form of at least one of 1: n, n: 1 and m: n (m, n is an integer of 2 or more) How to trade. delete delete 9. The method of claim 8,
The brokerage fee
&Quot; (3) &quot;
Brokerage fee = Bid unit with which transaction is concluded * Unit electricity amount Sales (or purchase) cost * Brokerage commission rate (predetermined ratio (x2))
And
&Quot; (4) &quot;
Brokerage fee = Bidding unit with transaction * Pre-set unit brokerage fee (y2)
Based on the bidirectional power of the micro-grid.

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