KR101950139B1 - Oriented polypropylene tape with multi-detachable function, and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an oriented polypropylene (OPP) tape with a multi-detachable function and to a manufacturing method thereof, and more specifically, to an OPP tape with a multi-detachable function, in order to solve limitations of difficulty in separating an existing OPP tape once attached, which is easily separated and is detachable to be reusable after separation, and which can minimize damage to a human body by utilizing recycling materials, and can attach or detach other objects to or from an outer circumference.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to an OPP tape having multiple detachable functions, and a method of manufacturing the same. [0002]

The present invention relates to an OPP tape having a multiple detachment function and more particularly to an OPP tape having a plurality of detachable functions, and more particularly, An OPP tape having a plurality of detachable attaching / detaching functions for detachably attaching to and detaching from other objects not only detrimentally to the human body by using recycled materials but also to outer diameter, and a manufacturing method thereof .

The biaxially stretched polypropylene film is produced by forming a sheet by a T-die casting method, and then stretching the sheet longitudinally and transversely in a partially molten state at a temperature below the melting temperature by applying heat. It shows high rigidity and transparency and moisture barrier property compared with the film formed by T-die casting method and is widely used in various fields such as food packaging and industrial use.

Korean Patent Application No. 10-2014-7024133 entitled "ORIENTED IMPACT COPOLYMER POLYPROPYLENE FILM"

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems and it is an object of the present invention to provide an OPP tape which can be easily separated in order to solve the limitation of difficulty in separating the OPP tape once attached, And a method for manufacturing the OPP tape.

In addition, the present invention provides an apparatus and a method for separating and reusing an OPP tape and having a plurality of detachable attaching / detaching functions for minimizing harm to the human body by using a recycled material, OPP tape, and a method of manufacturing the same.

However, the objects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned objects, and other objects not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

In order to accomplish the above object, the present invention provides a method of manufacturing an OPP tape having multiple detachable functions, comprising: a first step of manufacturing a punching film base material 10 having a punching hole 11; The punching film base material (10) is coated on the first surface of the punching film base material (10) with a punching hole (11) by coating a mixture of an acrylic pressure sensitive adhesive and a silicone pressure sensitive adhesive in a weight ratio of 10: 2.5 to 3.5, The OPP tape having the multiple detachable functions coated on the first surface except the area is viscous on the top surface of the release agent coating layer 40 coated on the second surface when the OPP tape is wound on the circular tape winding tube 2, A second step of applying a releasable pressure-sensitive adhesive to produce a release-adherent pressure-sensitive adhesive coating layer (20) Which corresponds to a surface which is symmetrical with the first surface on which the release-adherent adhesive coating layer 20 is formed with respect to the punching-type film substrate 10 with respect to the regenerated thin film tributaries after the release-adherent coating step is performed or simultaneously with the release- A third step of laminating a regenerated thin film layer on the second surface of the punched film substrate 10 to form a regenerated thin film layer 30; Wherein the third step is such that the first surface of the punching film base material 10 is directed upward while the first surface of the punching film base material 10 is coated with the releasable adhesive material, And the regenerated thin film tributaries are laminated on the lower surface corresponding to the second surface of the punch type film substrate 10 in a state in which the detachable adhesive agent penetrates through the grid type punching hole 11 of the punching film substrate 10 And the recovery thin film layer 30 is formed so that detachable and attachable by the detachable adhesive agent flowing into the grid-shaped punching holes 11 of the punching film base material 10 corresponding to the inner surface of the recovery thin film layer 30 is enabled.

At this time, in the third step, the regenerated thin film feeder is formed of a PLA composite in which the raw material for regenerating pulp and the raw material for PLA are mixed at a weight ratio of 3: 4: 6 to 7.

The OPP tape having the multiple detachment function according to the embodiment of the present invention can be easily separated to solve the limitation that the conventional OPP tape is difficult to separate when attached, When it is attached and detached, it provides the effect of leaving the adhesive on the removed surface cleanly.

In addition, the OPP tape having the multiple detachment function according to another embodiment of the present invention is detachably attached to the OPP tape so that the OPP tape can be reused, and the recycling material is used to minimize the harm to the human body In addition, it also provides an effect that removable attachment to other objects is possible even with the outer diameter.

1 is a perspective view showing an appearance of an OPP tape 1 having a multiple detachable function according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a general flowchart showing a method of manufacturing an OPP tape having multiple detachable functions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart specifically illustrating a punching-type film substrate manufacturing process (S100) in a method of manufacturing an OPP tape having a multiple detaching function according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a detailed description of preferred embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description of the present invention, detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear.

1 is a perspective view showing an appearance of an OPP tape 1 having a multiple detachable function according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a general flowchart showing a method of manufacturing an OPP tape having multiple detachable functions according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a flowchart specifically illustrating a punching-type film substrate manufacturing process (S100) in a method of manufacturing an OPP tape having a multiple detaching function according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.

1, an OPP tape 1 having multiple detachable functions includes a punching film base 10 on which a punching hole 11 is formed, a detachable adhesive layer 20, a recovery thin film layer 30, (40).

Referring to FIG. 2, a manufacturing process S100 of a punching film substrate 10, a process S200 of removing and attaching a pressure sensitive adhesive on a first surface of a punching film substrate 10, (S600) on the second side of the punching film base material 10, winding the thin film on the second side of the punching film base material 10, And a tape creation process (S700).

Next, referring to FIG. 3, a punching film substrate manufacturing process (S100) includes a polypropylene sheet molding process (S110) as a polypropylene raw material, a stretching process (S120) for a polypropylene sheet, and a punching hole molding process S130).

The polypropylene sheet molding process (S110) as a raw material for polypropylene can use a recycled polypropylene resin to which carbon fiber and a flame retardant are added to the recycled polypropylene. More specifically, carbon fibers are added to and mixed with recycled polypropylene, which is a waste synthetic resin, to obtain a polypropylene resin that is a carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP). The carbon fiber-reinforced polypropylene resin is stronger than iron, It has the advantage of being lightweight and not rusting and excellent in workability.

Here, 1 to 2 parts by weight of an ultraviolet screening agent and 3 to 5 parts by weight of a flame retardant are added to and mixed with 100 parts by weight of a mixture containing 2 to 4 parts by weight of carbon fibers and 96 to 98 parts by weight of polypropylene, The carbon fibers having excellent fracture strength are added to and mixed with the polypropylene having high strength to obtain the fracture strength required as a mold and flame retardancy can be added to the flammable polypropylene to provide flame retardancy to heat and the like.

As the flame retardant in the present invention, any one or a mixture of two or more of antimony molybdate, aluminum hydroxide, molybdenum oxide, and magnesium hydroxide may be used. In particular, aluminum hydroxide (Al (OH) ₃ ) adsorbs harmful substances such as dioxin and hydrogen chloride (HCl) which are generated during combustion and exothermic reaction during thermal decomposition. In addition, the flame retardant effect can be expected to be improved by using the above flame retardants in combination.

The polypropylene raw material added at a weight ratio of 96 to 98 is preferably homopolymer of propylene or a block or irregular copolymer of propylene homopolymer or other? -Olefin having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, using homo-polymer polypropylene raw material . Preferred examples of? -olefins include 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene and 1-octene, The amount of? -olefin is 2 to 5 mol% per mol of propylene. The polypropylene preferably has a melt index of 5 to 7 g / 10 min (230 ° C) and a weight average molecular weight of 250,000 g / mol or more.

Such a regenerated polypropylene resin was extruded by using an extruder to produce a polypropylene extruded melt at a temperature of from 240 to 360 ° C and an extruder was used at a concentration of 78 wt.% To 82 wt.% Of the polypropylene raw material on the reclaimed polypropylene resin To dissolve.

Accordingly, it is preferable to mold the polypropylene extruded melt output from the extruder into a polypropylene sheet, and to control the flow rate of the molten polypropylene extruded melt by an extruder to control the thickness for forming the polypropylene sheet. Thereafter, the cooling process for the polypropylene sheet proceeds.

In the stretching process (S120) for the polypropylene sheet, the cooled polypropylene sheet is wound around the circular tape (S700) in a step S700 by using a variable cutter whose blade is erected in a direction opposite to the machine direction It is preferable to perform the cutting in consideration of the elongation of the length of the OPP tape 1 having the multiple detachable function corresponding to the length to be wound on the tube 2. In this case, the variable cutter has 1 to 10 pieces corresponding to the number of blades, and each blade can be variably set up and down in a step-up / down manner so that the OPP tape It is possible to manufacture according to the standard of the width of the substrate 1.

The biaxial stretching of the cut polypropylene sheet is performed by moving the cut polypropylene sheet through a guide roller to a stretching oven so that the area ratio of the cut polypropylene sheet before and after stretching is 1: 2.5 to 3.3, preferably 1: 2.8. In this case, the temperature inside the drawing oven is set to 170 to 180 ° C, preferably 173 ° C. Here, the stretching by the stretching oven is performed at 170 to 180 DEG C within the above-mentioned preferable temperature range, and when the temperature is higher than the temperature range, the degree of freedom of the molecules is increased and the molecules are not aligned well. When the temperature is lower than the temperature range, the polypropylene sheet fails to be stretched and the polypropylene sheet fails to be stretched and breaks.

By heating the polypropylene sheet in this manner, the stretching is performed in a state in which the chain structure of the polymer constituting the polypropylene sheet is increased, thereby maximizing the stretching efficiency.

The punching hole forming process (S130) together with the ducting is performed by forming a lattice-like punching hole (11) on the stretched polypropylene sheet together with the softening of the polypropylene sheet using tension using multiple conveying rollers, Circular holes, polygonal holes, and other star-shaped holes are created. That is, in order to form the punching hole 11 for the stretched polypropylene sheet with the pulling tension applied to the plurality of conveying rollers for the polypropylene sheet, a grid-like needle heading from the top to the bottom is individually or entirely The mesh process can be carried out by operating with a compressor.

Next, a detachable adhesive agent coating process (S200) may be performed on the first surface of the punching film substrate 10 by mixing the aqueous acrylic pressure sensitive adhesive with a silicon pressure sensitive adhesive in a weight ratio of 10: 2.5 to 3.5 to form a coating layer. Thus, the punched film base material 10 formed in step S100 is coated on the first surface except for the area of the punching hole 11 to be wound on a circular tape winding tube 2 to be described later, In an OPP tape forming process (S700), the top surface of the release agent coating layer 40 coated on the second surface may be wound to be detached and attached with a viscosity.

At this time, the reason for using the aqueous acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive as a main material is that solvent-based oil-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives are generally used as pressure-sensitive adhesives for conventional packing tapes. However, oil-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives are advantageous in adhesive strength, But also for products with low cleanliness and pollution due to the risk of fire and the emission of volatile substances (VOC) harmful to human body. On the other hand, water-based acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives are currently the most widely known pressureless adhesives, and aqueous acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives are excellent in adhesiveness, adhesiveness, weatherability, and low temperature characteristics, as well as having a crosslinking function and emulsion form, Has good properties, has a high solids content, and is characterized by excellent adjustment and workability with wide viscosity.

To this end, 100 parts by weight of an acrylic monomer mixture is copolymerized with 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, acrylic acid and methacrylic acid in a first mixing vessel, and then 6 to 7 parts by weight of vinyl acetate 2 to 3 parts by weight of ethylene glycol may be added to prepare an emulsion.

 At this time, the emulsion prepared in the second mixing vessel was added to the separate reaction vessel, and the acrylic monomer mixture prepared in the first mixing vessel was added to the reaction vessel at a predetermined time (3 hours to 3 hours Hour 30 minutes) by dropping one drop at a preset height to obtain an acrylic polymerization product. 100 parts by weight of water and 2 to 10 parts by weight of an emulsifier containing an organic solvent were added to the reaction vessel and aged at 105 to 110 DEG C for 1 hour to 1 hour and 30 minutes and then cooled to -4 to + A pressure-sensitive adhesive composition can be prepared.

Thereafter, by using a silicone pressure sensitive adhesive composition comprising a polydimethyl siloxane or polydimethyldiphenyl siloxane as the main component in an aqueous acrylic pressure sensitive adhesive at a ratio as described above, Can be provided together. Meanwhile, in the present invention, the thickness of the release-bonding adhesive coating layer 20 is a single layer, and when the thickness of the punching film base material 10 corresponding to an OPP (Oriented Polypropylene) film is 4 to 5 탆, .

After the step S200 or at the same time as the step S200, the punching-type film substrate 10 is peeled off from the punching-type film base 10, which is symmetrical with the first face on which the detachable adhesive coating layer 20 is formed, Is laminated on the second surface of the base material 10 to form the recycled thin film layer 30 (S300).

Next, in step S200, the first surface of the punched film substrate 10 is turned upside down on the first surface of the punched film substrate 10 in the detachable adhesive layer coating process, By applying the releasable pressure-sensitive adhesive, in the state in which the detachable adhesive agent penetrates through the lattice-shaped punching hole 11 of the punching film base material 10, the regenerated thin film plow is fed to the lower surface corresponding to the second surface of the punching film base material 10 It is possible to provide an effect that detachment can be performed by the detachable adhesive agent flowing into the grid-shaped punching hole 11 of the punching film base material 10 corresponding to the inner surface of the reproduction thin film layer 30 have.

At this time, the regenerated thin film feeder can be produced from a PLA composite in which the raw material for regenerating pulp and the raw material for PLA are mixed at a weight ratio of 3: 4: 6 to 7: More specifically, the PLA composite can form a foam-type PLA master batch in which a raw material for regenerating pulp corresponding to a PLA (polylactic acid) -based raw material corresponding to a regenerating material and a foaming agent are mixed with a PLA raw material. Here, the PLA composite is a regenerating material. In another embodiment of the present invention, the weight ratio of each raw material constituting the PLA composite can be performed in a customized request manner, or can be produced based on other raw materials. Among PLA-based raw materials, PLA is a thermoplastic polyester produced by polymerizing lactide or lactic acid obtained by fermenting plants such as renewable corn. It is not related to depletion of fossil resources, Environmentally friendly characteristics. PLA can be prepared by polymerizing lactic acid or lactide, and if necessary, a glycol compound such as ethylene glycol or propylene glycol, a dicarboxylic acid such as ethanedioic acid or terephthalic acid, glycolic acid or 2-hydroxy Hydroxycarboxylic acids such as benzoic acid or lactones such as caprolactone or propiolactone. The PLA may be classified into D, L-PLA, meso-PLA, D-PLA, L-PLA and the like in the present invention. Can be mixed and used.

In another embodiment of the present invention, in order to reinforce the strength, 5 to 7 parts by weight of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) relative to 10 to 25 parts by weight of polypropylene with respect to 100 parts by weight of PLA (polylactic acid) 7 to 10 parts by weight can be utilized. The PLA-based synthetic resin material produced by the resin composition as described above is superior in tensile strength, flexural strength, load deformation temperature and Izod impact strength Not only shows improved performance, but also lowers the manufacturing cost because the composition material itself is inexpensive.

Meanwhile, in another embodiment of the present invention, the regenerated thin film tile is formed by separately forming a PLA thin film and a branch thin film, and then forming a PLA thin film on the thin film by dividing the thin film into two layers to laminate the thin film and the PLA thin film , Or may be adhered by an adhesive, or heat-bonded by heating.

The regenerated thin film layer 30 thus formed is free from the drying process for the structure of the punched film substrate 10 and the detachable adhesive used in the process of forming the detachable adhesive coating layer 20, It is possible to provide an effect that it can be attached to the punching film base material 10 with a simple manufacturing process. In addition, by using the reclaimed substrate, the recoated thin film layer 30 is separated from the punched film substrate 10, if necessary, while the punching film substrate 10 is not in direct contact with the human body, It is also possible to provide an effect of attaching another object to the second side of the substrate 10.

The drying process S400 is performed in a state where the regenerated thin film layer 30 and the release and adherent pressure-sensitive adhesive coating layer 20 are fixed by the panel formed at the end of the hydraulic cylinder that presses the punching film substrate 10 from above and below, The drying can be performed while moving the drier sopt at a predetermined speed.

That is, the drying is performed by moving the inside of the dryer spot partitioned by the multistage temperature and humidity sections in a state in which the reproduction thin film layer 30 and the release and adhesion adhesive coating layer 20 are pushed around the punching film base 10, In the first and second dryer spots, in which a temperature and humidity air conditioner is formed inside the dryer spot to provide an environment of an internal temperature of 35 ° C to 45 ° C and an internal humidity of 15% to 25% A third dryer spot and a fourth dryer spot providing an environment with an internal humidity of 35 to 40%, a room temperature drying, a fifth dryer spot providing an environment of 10 ° C at an internal temperature of -4 ° C and an internal humidity of 45% to 50% In the sixth dryer spot, cooling and drying can be performed.

More specifically, in the first dryer spot and the second dryer spot, in order to rapidly evaporate moisture in the reconditioning thin film layer 30 and the release-adherent adhesive coating layer 20 during the heating and drying, they remain between 1 minute and 3 minutes, In the spots and the fourth dryer spots, an infrared ray irradiating device was added to dry the pressure sensitive adhesive to penetrate into the punching holes 11 of the punching film base material 10 by the regenerating thin film layer 30 and the releasable pressure- , While staying at between 10 minutes and 20 minutes while performing infrared and room temperature drying. In the stretched state of the punching film base material 10 while performing drying in the fifth and sixth dryer spots, It is desirable to stay for 10 seconds to 20 seconds each corresponding to the minimum time for preventing the contractile force of the self-returning force.

In the stabilization process (S500), the regenerated thin film layer (30) and the removable adhesive layer (20) are attached to the punching film base material (10) and transferred to the aging chamber. In the stabilization process, the residual evaporation is removed, and the adhesion between the recoating thin film layer 30 and the release-bonding adhesive coating layer 20 is increased around the punching film base 10.

The release agent coating process S600 is a process in which the surface of the reproduction thin film layer 30 attached to the second surface of the punching film substrate 10 on the OPP tape 1 having a multi- The releasing agent coating layer 40 is formed.

The purpose of the release agent coating of the OPP tape 1 having a multiple detachable function is to coat the punched film substrate 10 with the regenerated thin film layer 30 and the release agent coating layer 40 on one side, A repellent thin film layer 30 corresponding to the back surface of the punched film substrate 10 to which the adhesive coating layer 20 corresponding to the adhesive layer is applied is applied to the punched film substrate 10 Only the region directly in contact with the pressure sensitive adhesive coating layer 20 can be bonded through the punching hole of the punched film substrate 10 to remove the film from the punched film substrate 10 of the reproduction thin film layer 20, (20) is reduced by the punching hole so that it can be removed from the adhesive coating layer (20). In the present invention, a silicon release agent is used, and the silicone release agent has an oil type, an emulsion type, and a water receiving form, and has excellent heat resistance and chemically inertness. Therefore, it does not pollute or damage the mold or the molding material like ordinary wax materials or inorganic powder materials, It does not generate smoke.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the release agent coating process (S600) may be performed together with the adhesive coating process of step S200 and the regeneration thin film formation process of step S300. In this case, the punching process is performed at the same position as the punching hole 11 of the punching film substrate 10 in the reproduction thin film layer 30 produced in the step S300, The punching hole 11 of the punching film base material 10 as well as the pressure difference between the pressure-sensitive adhesive solution and the releasing agent solution flowing into the punching holes of the reclaiming thin film layer 30 in the punching hole area The OPP tape 1 having the multiple detachable function can be peeled off from the top of the release agent coating layer 40 formed in accordance with the concentration between the pressure sensitive adhesive solution and the release agent solution, Thereby providing an effect of influencing the mechanism of the viscous force with the coating layer 20.

The OPP tape forming process S700 having multiple detachable attaching / detaching functions S700 is a process of forming an OPP tape 1 having a multiple detachable function through a cleaning process performed up to the release agent coating process S600, The tape is wound constantly on the outer circumference of the circular tape winding tube 2 by a predetermined number of times in accordance with the attachment to the tape winding tube 2 and the rotation by the circular tape winding tube 2 by the rotary motor for rotating the winding roll, The OPP tape 1 having the multiple detachment function is cut by the cutter and the commercialization is completed.

As described above, preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed in the present specification and drawings, and although specific terms have been used, they have been used only in a general sense to easily describe the technical contents of the present invention and to facilitate understanding of the invention , And are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It is to be understood by those skilled in the art that other modifications based on the technical idea of the present invention are possible in addition to the embodiments disclosed herein.

1: OPP tape with multiple detachable functions
10: Punching type film substrate
11: Punching hole
20: Detachable adhesive layer
30: Recycled thin film layer
40: release agent coating layer

Claims (2)

A first step of manufacturing a punching film base material (10) having a punching hole (11);
A silicone adhesive is mixed and coated on the first surface of the punched film substrate 10 at a weight ratio of 10: 2.5 to 3.5 to form a release-adherent pressure-sensitive adhesive coating layer 20 corresponding to the coating layer, 20 is coated on the first surface except for the area of the punching hole 11 in the punching film base material 10, and an OPP tape having a multiple detachable function, which is finally produced, is coated on the circular tape winding tube 2 A second step of causing the upper surface of the release agent coating layer 40 to be detached and attached with a viscosity; And
After the detachable adhesive layer coating step is performed or at the same time as the detachable adhesive layer coating step, punching adhesive layer coatings 20 are formed on the punched film substrate 10, And a regenerated thin film layer 30 is formed by laminating the regenerated thin film layer on the second surface of the film substrate 10 so that the regenerated thin film layer is mixed with the PLA composite material in the ratio of 3: 4: 6 to 7: ; / RTI >
In the third step, the first surface of the punching film base material 10 is oriented upward in the process of attaching and detaching a pressure-sensitive adhesive on the first surface of the punching film base material 10, and then a releasable adhesive is applied to the upper surface, The regenerated thin film layer 30 is laminated on the lower surface corresponding to the second surface of the punch type film substrate 10 in a state in which the detachable adhesive agent penetrates through the grid type punching hole 11 of the punching film substrate 10 So that the detachable adhesive can be attached and detached by the detachable adhesive which flows into the latticed punching hole 11 of the punching film base material 10 corresponding to the inner surface of the reproduction thin film layer 30,
In the first step,
1 to 2 parts by weight of an ultraviolet screening agent, 1 to 2 parts by weight of a flame retardant agent, and 100 parts by weight of a mixture of a polypropylene 96 to 98 weight ratio and a carbon fiber 2 to 4 weight ratio added and mixed, And 3 to 5 parts by weight of a polypropylene resin; and shaping the polypropylene resin into a polypropylene sheet;
The polypropylene sheet is stretched to a length sufficient to wind the polypropylene sheet on the circular tape winding tube by using a variable cutter whose blade is erected in a direction opposite to the machine direction (MD) formed at the final end of the guide roller The OPP tape having the multiple detachable functions is cut in consideration of the stretching process, and then the cut polypropylene sheet is moved to the stretching oven through the guide rollers to perform the biaxial stretching by the heating method, Step 2; And
A plurality of punching holes are formed on the stretched polypropylene sheet together with the softening of the polypropylene sheet by using tension using multiple conveying rollers, and the punching holes corresponding to the shape of one of a circular hole, a polygonal hole and a star- 1-3; And the regenerated thin film layer 30 corresponding to the back surface of the punched film substrate 10 to which the pressure sensitive adhesive coating layer 20 corresponding to the pressure sensitive adhesive layer has adhered passes through the punching hole of the punched film substrate 10, Only the region in direct contact with the adhesive layer 20 is adhered and can be removed from the punched film substrate 10 of the reclaimed thin film layer 20 and the area of the punched film substrate 10 opposed to the pressure sensitive adhesive coating layer 20 is punched And removing the adhesive layer from the adhesive coating layer (20) by reducing the thickness of the adhesive layer (20).
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