KR101946288B1 - Battery Management System Using Mobile - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a battery management system using a mobile network, which can perform real-time control on a battery connected to a load at a remote place by performing wireless communications with a smartphone (20) of a user, comprising: a voltage sensor unit (100) measuring voltage of the battery (10); a current sensor unit (200) measuring current of the battery (10); a micro-controller unit (300) connected to the battery (10), the voltage sensor unit (100) and the current sensor unit (200) to receive voltage measured by the voltage sensor unit (100) and current measured by the current sensor unit (200) and controlling input and output of the battery (10); a wireless communication module (400) connected to the micro-controller unit (300) to perform wireless communications with the smartphone (20); and a protection circuit connected to a backup battery connected to the battery (10) and the battery (10) to protect the battery (10) from a shock due to overcharge, over-discharge, discharge over-current, charge over-current, and short-circuit.

Description

{Battery Management System Using Mobile}

The present invention relates to a battery management system and method capable of remotely controllably managing a battery management system (BMS) using a smart phone, and managing the status and load of the battery.

BMS is an abbreviation of Battery Management System. It monitors battery condition, automatically manages the battery system so that it can be maintained and used under optimal conditions, predicts battery replacement time, and finds a problem battery in advance. When battery is connected in series or parallel, there is a potential difference between the batteries. In order to prevent battery life shortening, the cell balancing function and battery charge and discharging voltage, current and temperature are measured, It also informs the user of the danger of explosion or fire caused by overcurrent, overcharge, overcurrent, and performs safety measures.

In particular, lithium-based batteries of lithium ion series (lithium cobalt, lithium manganese, lithium nickel, manganese cobalt, lithium iron phosphate, etc.) are likely to explode due to overcharging, overheating and external impact. Do.

KR 10-1587581 B1 KR 10-1197569 B1 KR 10-1320372 B1

Accordingly, the present invention relates to a battery management system and method that can remotely monitor a battery connected to a load through a smartphone of a user. More specifically, the present invention provides a battery management system and method for preventing overcharging and overdischarge of a battery, securing safety by automatically disconnecting an electrical connection with a load when a battery fails, and increasing energy efficiency and life of the battery .

In order to solve the above problems, a battery management system using a mobile according to the present invention is a mobile management system using a mobile capable of real-time control of a battery connected to a load remotely by communicating with a user's smartphone 20, A voltage sensor unit (100) for measuring the voltage of the battery (10); A current sensor unit (200) for measuring a current of the battery (10); The voltage sensor unit 100 is connected to the battery 10, the voltage sensor unit 100 and the current sensor unit 200 and receives a voltage measured by the voltage sensor unit 100 and a current measured by the current sensor unit 200 A microcontroller unit 300 for controlling the input / output of the battery 10; A wireless communication module (400) connected to the microcontroller (300) unit and wirelessly communicating with the smartphone (20); A backup battery 104 connected to the battery 10 and a protection circuit 104 connected to the battery 10 to protect the battery 10 from electric shocks caused by overcharge, overdischarge, discharge overcurrent, charging overcurrent, The overcurrent detection circuit 111, the discharge overcurrent detection circuit 112, the charge overcurrent detection circuit 113, and the short circuit detection circuit 114. The overcurrent detection circuit 110, the overcurrent detection circuit 111, the discharge overcurrent detection circuit 112, The microcontroller 300 monitors a cell of the backup battery and measures a voltage and a current of the battery 10 to determine that the state of the battery 10 is abnormal if the battery 10 is out of a predetermined range And informs the smartphone 20 of the determination, thereby disconnecting the battery 10 from the load.

The present invention prolongs the life of a battery by diagnosing a failure and a failure of the battery in advance and enables efficient management of the battery. In addition, it monitors battery voltage and current in real time when using battery, so it is possible to use more safe and efficient battery.

1 is a block diagram of a battery management system using a mobile device according to the present invention.
2 is an embodiment of a battery-managed battery management system according to the present invention.
3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a battery management system using a mobile device according to the present invention.
4 is a flowchart illustrating a battery management method using a mobile device according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the management system in the mobile-based battery management system according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a passive active cell balance method for controlling a voltage difference between battery cells in a battery-managed battery management system according to the present invention.
7 is a protection circuit applicable to a battery management system using a mobile device according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited by the scope of the present invention.

When an element is referred to as " including " an element throughout the specification, it is to be understood that the element may include other elements as well, without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Also, the terms " part, " " module, " and the like described in the specification mean units for processing at least one function or operation, which may be implemented in hardware or software or a combination of hardware and software .

Throughout the specification, when a part is referred to as being "connected" to another part, it includes not only "directly connected" but also "electrically connected" with another part in between .

In the present specification, when any one element 'transmits' data or signals to another element, the element can transmit the data or signal directly to the other element, and through at least one other element Data or signal can be transmitted to another component.

In this specification, a module may mean a functional and structural combination of hardware for carrying out the technical idea of the present invention and software for driving the hardware. For example, the module may mean a logical unit of a predetermined code and a hardware resource for executing the predetermined code, and it does not necessarily mean a physically connected code or a kind of hardware. Can be easily deduced to the average expert in the field of < / RTI >

Prior to the description, numerous aspects and embodiments are set forth in this specification, which are intended to be illustrative only and not limiting.

After reading this specification, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that other embodiments and examples are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Before dealing with the details of the embodiments described below, some terms will be defined or clarified.

A microcontroller or a microcontroller unit (MCU) refers to a computer in which a microprocessor and an input / output module are integrated into one chip to perform predetermined functions.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a battery management system using a mobile device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an embodiment of a battery management system using a mobile device according to the present invention, FIG. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a battery management method using a mobile according to the present invention, FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an operation of a management system in a battery management system using a mobile according to the present invention, FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram illustrating a manual and active cell balancing method for controlling a voltage difference between battery cells in a mobile-based battery management system according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a battery management system using a mobile, Is a protection circuit.

The battery management system and method according to the present invention according to the present invention according to the present invention as shown in FIG. 4 is a mobile management system using a mobile which can wirelessly communicate with a user's smartphone 20 to control a battery connected to a load remotely, A voltage sensor unit (100) for measuring a voltage of the battery (10); A current sensor unit (200) for measuring a current of the battery (10); The voltage sensor unit 100 is connected to the battery 10, the voltage sensor unit 100 and the current sensor unit 200 and receives a voltage measured by the voltage sensor unit 100 and a current measured by the current sensor unit 200 A microcontroller unit 300 for controlling the input and output of the battery 10 and a wireless communication module 400 connected to the microcontroller 300 and wirelessly communicating with the smartphone 20. [ (S100) for measuring a voltage and a current of a battery, the method comprising the steps of: measuring a voltage and a current of the battery; Comparing the measured voltage and current with a preset range (S200); (S300) of determining that the battery is out of the predetermined range (S300), and if it is determined to be abnormal in step S300, the electrical connection between the battery and the load is blocked and the smartphone (20) And a control unit.

The microcontroller 300 measures the voltage and current of the battery 10 and determines that the state of the battery 10 is abnormal when the battery 10 is out of a preset range, And electrically disconnects the battery 10 from the load.

As shown in FIG. 1, in order to safely manage a BMS (battery management system) using a smart phone, a function of controlling power on / off, a charge channel and an output according to a received signal, and a function of controlling the communication or Wi- And a central control unit for remote control by being connected to the infrared communication so that it can control the corresponding device and includes a plurality of LEDs capable of performing infrared communication, Remote control is possible even if the remote control program is located at a distance or in a blind spot in the room, and it can manage the condition or load of the battery. It is possible to start a control system control program using a smart phone that allows a plurality of batteries or a battery charger to be controlled at once.

On the other hand, a battery backup system can be used together. Battery backup systems are used with backup batteries connected in series or in parallel. It also monitors the cell remotely because it needs to supply stable power. The battery life is reduced when overloaded or some critical problems occur, but a monitoring system with such a battery backup system may not reduce the battery life.

It can also consist of two parts: a control system (hardware design) and a software system (a program of microcontroller and smartphone applications).

The control system in the control system (SWBLMS) of the smartphone application is designed to measure the voltage and current of the battery and load system. The microcontroller then calculates the root mean square (RMS) value to be sent to the smartphone application using Bluetooth as a wireless communication method. The reason for using Bluetooth is because it is practical for use as a smartphone application.

The voltage sensor unit 100, the current sensor unit 200, and the microcontroller unit 300 may be included in the module of the control system SVCMS. Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given through embodiments that can be applied to the respective components.

The voltage sensor unit 100 is applied with a voltage of less than 250 VAC based on the component, and it is recommended that this circuit use a differential attenuator after 230 VACrms with a tolerance of less than 5 VACpp. The output waveform (5 VAC) of the circuit receives the DC voltage as an offset (about 2.5 V) and the amplitude can be adjusted by a potentiometer but can be adjusted below 5 V. The output of the circuit is connected directly to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) pin and can utilize an Arduino (open platform, open source program) microcontroller line communication device.

It is recommended that the current measurement circuit of the current sensor unit 200 be based on the Allegro ACS712 IC sensor. ACS (Alternating Converter System) The ACS (Alternating Converter System) 712 IC is a linear current sensor used to measure AC and DC current and is available in three types, depending on the maximum current sensed (± 5, ± 20, and ± 30A) In an embodiment of the invention, the ACS 712-30A is used as a current sensor. The ACS712-30A can measure current and provides up to ± 30 A and 66 mV / A output sensitivity on a +5 V DC power supply.

In addition to the voltage sensor unit 100 and the current sensor unit 200, a temperature sensor unit may be added to the present invention. In this case, not only when the voltage and current are abnormal, but also when a problem such as a heat is generated, it is possible to detect it more quickly and to disconnect the load from the battery.

The microcontroller unit 300 uses the Arduino Nano V3.0 board, an open source electronic prototyping platform based on V3.0 of the Arduino development board ATmega328.

The wireless communication module 400 may use the Bluetooth HC-05 module and may be used as a wireless communication device between the microcontroller unit 300 and the end user (smartphone 20) and may be connected directly to the Arduino Nano V3.0 do.

The following describes the monitoring system (software design) in more detail. Two types of programs are used in the software design, the first being that the Arduino microcontroller reads the data from the voltage and current sensors and transmits the results to the end user via Bluetooth. The second is to monitor the data received from the microcontroller. The monitoring system or monitoring software of the smart voting current morinitoring system (SVCMS) can be installed on an Android smartphone. This application is designed to monitor the data received.

Microcontroller programs include microcontroller code that reads data from hardware designed for battery monitoring. The microcontroller code program is written in the Arduino platform and can then be uploaded to the Arduino board using a USB connection. In this part of the program, the availability of the Bluetooth device is checked to confirm whether it is connected, the result is read, and the data can be transmitted to the smartphone through the Bluetooth communication protocol.

Battery parameters and load are monitored and controlled by a monitoring program, an Android smartphone application. The application program can be developed as an open source platform as online software for Android project application, and the screen consists of a set of components and a program tool. These components include visible items in the final smartphone application (such as text, buttons, labels, etc.) and invisible items such as databases and wireless tools.

The software that supports the functions of the battery management system according to the present invention may include measuring algorithms for voltage and current and temperature, a state of charge calculation (SOC) Such as State of Health estimation (SOH), Cell balancing algorithm, Thermal management, Diagnostic algorithm, Protection algorithm, Communication with load etc. have.

Accordingly, the battery management system using the mobile according to the present invention enables 1) diagnosis of failure and failure to prolong battery life, 2) maximize battery availability (efficiency), and 3) And has a characteristic that the lifetime can be managed for a long time by effectively monitoring the load (load) with respect to the power when the battery is used.

5, the operation of the battery management system according to the present invention will be described. After the IP and port number are read (S10), if the S10 is successful, the parameters of the battery 10 are stored in the database of the microcontroller unit 300 If the S30 is successful, the master-control interface sends and receives a message via Wi-Fi (S40), displays the parameters of the battery 10 and inputs a control command (S30) (S50).

Next, referring to FIG. 6, a method of controlling the voltage difference between the battery cells will be described in more detail. When it is detected that the voltage of a certain cell group is high, the on-chip circuit of the ASIC operates to connect a specific cell group to the external resistance network. When the selected cell group is discharged to some extent, the voltage difference is reduced. Fig. 6 shows two kinds of circuit diagrams of the cell balance method. The connection between the load and the battery is controlled through a switch. A simple passive cell balance method is a highly reliable and cost-effective method, but efficiency is lost due to heat loss in the discharge resistance. On the other hand, the active cell balance method accumulates charge from the highest voltage cell and redistributes it to the lowest voltage cell. Charge accumulation and redistribution are performed by using capacitors, inductors, and transformers to sequentially change the cells and accumulate and discharge or redistribute the charge according to the situation. This method is superior to the passive cell balance method in terms of energy conservation (efficiency), but the cost and complexity of the system is pointed out. Therefore, it can be selected according to the needs of the user.

Next, the battery management system according to the present invention may have a protection circuit 104 for protecting the battery 10. 7, the protection circuit 104 includes an overcharge detection circuit 110, an over discharge detection circuit 111, a discharge over current detection circuit 112, a charge over current detection circuit 113, Circuit 114,

The overcharge detection of the battery 10 is detected by the overcharge detection circuit 110. The voltage of the battery 10 is inputted through the VDD terminal 105 and detects overcharge if it is larger than the overcharge detection voltage set in comparison with the preset overcharge detection voltage. The detected overcharge signal is transferred to the logic circuit 118 and the oscillator 116 and the frequency divider 117 are operated to change the output of the COUT terminal 108 from a high level to a low level after a constant delay time, The effect transistor M11 is turned off to shut off the charging of the battery 10. [

The discharge current continues to flow through the first parasitic diode D11 of the first field effect transistor M11 even when overcharging is detected and charging is interrupted.

When the voltage of the VDD terminal 105 becomes lower than the overcharge release voltage, the output of the COUT terminal 108 is changed from the low level to the high level and the first field effect transistor M11 is turned on, .

The overdischarge detection of the battery 10 is detected by the overdischarge detection circuit 111. [ The voltage of the battery 10 is input through the VDD terminal 105 and is detected when the overdischarge detection voltage is lower than the preset overdischarge detection voltage. The detected overdrive signal is transmitted to the logic circuit 118 and the oscillator 116 and the frequency divider 117 are operated to change the output of the DOUT terminal 107 from a high level to a low level after a predetermined delay time, The field effect transistor M12 is turned off to shut off the discharge of the battery 10. [

The charging current flows through the second parasitic diode D12 of the second field effect transistor M12 even when over discharge is detected and the discharge is blocked.

When the voltage of the VDD terminal 105 is higher than the overdischarge detection voltage, the output of the DOUT terminal 107 is changed to the high level and the second field effect transistor M12 is turned on to discharge the battery 10. [

The discharge overcurrent detection detects the discharge overcurrent when the discharge overcurrent detection circuit 112 detects the voltage of the V- terminal 109 and becomes higher than a preset discharge overcurrent detection voltage. The detected discharge overcurrent signal is transferred to the logic circuit 118, and the output of the DOUT terminal 107 is changed from a high level to a low level to turn off the second field effect transistor M12 to shut off the discharge.

The discharging overcurrent cancellation resistance R12 maintains the off state by the second field effect transistor M12 when the battery 10 operates in the normal state and when the discharge overcurrent or short circuit current is detected, the second field effect transistor M12 The VSS terminal 106 and the V- terminal 109 are connected through the resistor R12. At this time, if the load is not connected, the voltage of the V- terminal 109 is lowered and the discharging overcurrent state or the short-circuit current state is automatically canceled.

The charging over-current detection detects the charging over-current when the charging over-current detection circuit 113 detects the voltage of the V- terminal 109 and becomes lower than a preset discharge over-current detection voltage. The detected charge overcurrent signal is transferred to the logic circuit 118 and changes the output of the COUT terminal 108 from high level to low level to turn off the first field effect transistor M11 to shut off charging.

The short-circuit current detection detects the voltage of the V- terminal 109 when the battery 10 is charged or discharged in the short-circuit current circuit. When a large current flows instantaneously due to the short-circuit of the external load, the voltage of the V- terminal 109 becomes higher than the short-circuit detection voltage, and the short-circuit detection signal is transmitted to the logic circuit 118. At this time, the output of the DOUT terminal 107 is changed from the high level to the low level to turn off the second field effect transistor M12 to block the short-circuit current from flowing.

Although the discharge overcurrent detection, charge overcurrent detection and shortcurrent detection both have a delay time due to the signal transmitted from the distributor 117 to the logic circuit 118, the shortcircuit current is much shorter than the discharge overcurrent, And has a delay time.

The operation of the general protection circuit 104 described above is designed so as to have a maximum constant detection value with respect to a change in temperature. That is, when the temperature exceeds a specific temperature, the temperature sensor unit detects the temperature and stops the charging.

While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments.

10: Battery
20: Smartphones
100: voltage sensor unit
200: Current sensor unit
300: Microcontroller unit
400: wireless communication module

Claims (3)

delete delete A voltage sensor unit (100) for measuring the voltage of the battery (10); A current sensor unit (200) for measuring a current of the battery (10); The voltage sensor unit 100 is connected to the battery 10, the voltage sensor unit 100 and the current sensor unit 200 and receives a voltage measured by the voltage sensor unit 100 and a current measured by the current sensor unit 200 A microcontroller unit 300 for controlling the input / output of the battery 10; A wireless communication module 400 connected to the microcontroller 300 unit and wirelessly communicating with the smartphone 20; A backup battery 104 connected to the battery 10 and a protection circuit 104 connected to the battery 10 to protect the battery 10 from electric shocks caused by overcharge, overdischarge, discharge overcurrent, charging overcurrent, The overcurrent detection circuit 111, the discharge overcurrent detection circuit 112, the charge overcurrent detection circuit 113, and the short circuit detection circuit 114. The overcurrent detection circuit 110, the overcurrent detection circuit 111, the discharge overcurrent detection circuit 112, The microcontroller 300 monitors a cell of the backup battery and measures a voltage and a current of the battery 10 to determine that the state of the battery 10 is abnormal if the battery 10 is out of a predetermined range And informs the smartphone 20 of an electrical connection between the battery 10 and the load. In this case, the battery 10 is electrically connected to the load by wireless communication with the user's smartphone 20, In the battery management method for a battery management system using a mobile real-time control possible,
Measuring voltage and current of the battery (S100);
Comparing the measured voltage and current with a preset range (S200);
(S300) of determining an abnormality when it is out of the preset range
(S400), when the battery is determined to be abnormal in step S300, the electrical connection between the battery and the load is interrupted and the smart phone (20)
In the step S300,
Detecting overcharge of the battery (10) by the overcharge detecting circuit (110) (S310);
Detecting an over discharge of the battery 10 by the over-discharge detecting circuit 111 (S320);
Detecting the discharge overcurrent of the battery 10 by detecting the voltage of the V- terminal 109 in the discharge overcurrent detection circuit 112 (S330);
Detecting the charge overcurrent detection of the battery 10 by detecting the voltage of the V- terminal 109 in the charge overcurrent detection circuit 113 (S340) and
(S350) of detecting a short-circuit current of the battery (10) in a short-circuit current circuit,
The step of detecting the overcharge (S310)
The detected overcharge signal is passed to the logic circuit 118 (S311);
The oscillator 116 and the frequency divider 117 operate to change the output of the COUT terminal 108 from a high level to a low level after a predetermined delay time to turn off the first field effect transistor M11, Blocking the charging (S312) and
The output of the COUT terminal 108 is changed from the low level to the high level and the first field effect transistor M11 is turned on so that the voltage of the battery 10 (S313), and the step
The step of detecting the over-discharge (S320)
(S321) detecting overdischarge when the voltage of the battery (10) is inputted through the VDD terminal (105) and is smaller than an overdischarge detection voltage set in comparison with a preset overdischarge detection voltage;
The detected over-discharge signal is transmitted to the logic circuit 118 (S322) and
The oscillator 116 and the frequency divider 117 operate to change the output of the DOUT terminal 107 from a high level to a low level after a predetermined delay time to turn off the second field effect transistor M12, (S323), and the step
The step of detecting the discharge overcurrent (S330) comprises:
(S331) of detecting a discharge overcurrent when the voltage of the V- terminal 109 is sensed by the discharge overcurrent detection circuit 112 and becomes higher than a predetermined discharge overcurrent detection voltage, and
The detected discharge overcurrent signal is transferred to the logic circuit 118. The output of the DOUT terminal 107 is changed from a high level to a low level to turn off the second field effect transistor M12 to block the discharge Lt; / RTI >
The charging overcurrent detection step (S340) includes:
(S341) of detecting the charging over-current when the charging over-current detection circuit 113 detects the voltage of the V- terminal 109 and becomes lower than a predetermined discharge over-current detection voltage, and
The detected charging overcurrent signal is transferred to the logic circuit 118 and the output of the COUT terminal 108 is changed from a high level to a low level to turn off the first field effect transistor M11 to shut off the charge S342, Lt; / RTI >
The step (S350) of detecting the short-circuit current includes:
(S351) of detecting the voltage of the V- terminal 109 when the battery 10 is charged or discharged in the short-circuit current circuit, and
The voltage of the V- terminal 109 becomes higher than the short-circuit detection voltage, and a short detection signal is transmitted to the logic circuit 118, so that the output of the DOUT terminal 107 And turning off the second field effect transistor (M12) by switching from a high level to a low level to block short-circuit current from flowing (S352).

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