KR101940313B1 - Appropriate location selection method of solar photovoltaic power station using aerial laser scanning data processing and space analysis technique - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for selecting an appropriate position of a solar photovoltaic power station using aerial laser scanning data processing and a space analysis technique. The method for selecting an appropriate position of a solar photovoltaic power station includes: a step of removing noise of a point of a minimum true height and the point of a maximum true height based on a predetermined height value from noise data in which distance becomes increased as the noise is reflected to a building or woods multiple times or is reflected to a cloud or dust in the air, about a source document obtained by aerial laser scanning on a solar photovoltaic power station land examination area to analyze the solar photovoltaic power station land based on aerial laser scanning materials by GIS software; a step of building a DEM in which subjects such as a building or woods from a geographic feature by an aerial laser scanning geographic material (Terrascan) program; a step of analyzing the solar radiation quantity for a year based on the DEM material which is built; and a step of analyzing changes in solar radiation quantities in accordance with the inclined direction by comparing the average solar radiation quantities of eight inclined directions. The method for selecting an appropriate position of a solar photovoltaic power station selects a land having a gradient of 30 degrees or less and the inclined direction of southeast (SE), south (S), and southwest (SW) as the solar photovoltaic power station land by considering the inclined direction and an appropriate gradient to prevent an accident happening in a construction step when the solar photovoltaic power station land is examined. The method for selecting an appropriate position of a solar photovoltaic power station also determines an installation size of the solar photovoltaic power station considering the available area.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a method of selecting an appropriate location of a photovoltaic power generation plant using an aerial laser surveying data processing method and a spatial analysis method,

More particularly, the present invention relates to a method and system for accurately positioning a photovoltaic power generation site in a photovoltaic power plant site review area. Or a digital elevation model (DEM) model in which objects such as buildings are removed from a feature using an airborne laser surveying terrain data processing (TerraScan) program, ), And analyzed the solar irradiance for one year based on the constructed DEM data. The average solar irradiance for the eight slopes was compared with each other to analyze the variation of solar radiation along the slope direction. Considering slope direction and proper slope to prevent safety accidents during construction phase, The present invention relates to a method for selecting an appropriate location of a solar power plant using airborne laser surveying data processing and spatial analysis techniques.

In recent years, as the interest in renewable energy projects has increased due to external factors such as the entry into force of the Convention on Climate Change and the high oil price situation, supply from government investment and private participation has increased significantly. Among the new and renewable energy businesses, the solar energy sector is receiving the greatest attention, and as of 2013, the growth rate of the photovoltaic sector has increased to 18.7% due to government-led expansion of renewable energy and expansion of housing supply business . In addition, 88% of solar energy (884%) was most commonly applied in the order of solar energy (9405 lakes), solar heat (731 lakes), geothermal heat (317 lakes) and fuel cells Industrial Renewable Energy Center, 2013).

In this way, as interest in solar energy has increased, various studies have been conducted on the location of solar power plants. First, in selecting the location of a solar power plant, the Korea Meteorological Administration (2008) uses 14 national factors such as sunshine, sunshine hours, precipitation, average temperature, cloudiness, relative humidity and fog days to select weather resources Respectively. In addition, Jung-Taek et al. (1995) reported that solar radiation and sunshine hours are positively correlated with seasonal sunshine hours and temperatures in Korea, and Jodokki et al. (2006) The study was carried out to obtain the maximum solar energy at an angle of about 30 ° to the ground surface.

(2010) proposed a technique to more effectively select the location of photovoltaic power generation facilities using spatial statistics and Kriging interpolation method. Jeong, Jong-cheol (2012) We have developed a potential resource map for solar energy by analyzing the point-of-site radiation data using the Inverse Distance Method (IDW) interpolation method.

The most important factors in selecting a PV plant location are terrain elements such as slope and slope, and a digital elevation model (DEM) is commonly used (Escobar et al., 2015; Polo et al., 2016) . Lee, Ji - Rim and Lee, Won - Hee (2015) and Lee, Ji - Young and Kang, In - Jun (2010) conducted a study to select the location of a solar power plant after extracting various terrain elements using DEM.

Conventionally, farmland has been mainly used for the location of solar power plant, but recently it is a trend to utilize high mountain production area where solar power generation efficiency is high. However, there is a difficulty in reviewing the solar power generation efficiency and locating site selection because there is a limitation in analyzing the shape of the ground due to the presence of trees in mountainous areas. Therefore, airborne laser surveying is widely used as a data acquisition method to extract the DEM from the terrain object effectively (Kim, Se-joon et al., 2014; Airborne laser surveying can extract DEM, Digital Surface Model (DSM) effectively by dividing buildings, trees, and grounds through a series of processes that classify ground points from high-density laser point data, (Lee, Soo-ji, etc., 2014; Cho, Doo-young and Kim, Myung-myeon, 2012).

 Meteorological Agency, 2008, Meteorological Resource Analysis Report for Optimum Use of Solar Energy  "Comparison of Landslide Vulnerability Using Airborne LiDAR and Numerical Mapping", Journal of Korean Society of Surveying, 32 권 제 4 호, pp.281-292 Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography  Kim, Mi-Cheol, Roh Myung-Jong, Joo Woo-Seok, Bugiin, Park, Joong-gu, 2011, "An Algorithm for Detection of Misalignment Region of Airborne Lida Digitized Ground Data", Journal of Korean Geographical Spatial Information, Vol.19, No.1, pp.79-86  Kim, Ho-Yong, 2010, "Improvement of Location Accuracy of Photovoltaic Power Plant Using Spatial Statistics Technique" Journal of Geographic Information Science, Vol.13, No.2, pp.146-156  Lee, Won-hee, 2015, "Location Analysis of Solar Power Plant Using GIS and Hierarchical Analysis", Journal of Geographic Information Systems, Vol.18, No. 4, pp.1-13  Lee, YJ, Kim, U., 2014, "Development of an Automated Model for Tree Extraction Using Airborne Data", Journal of the Academic Society of Industrial Science and Technology, Vol. 15, No. 5, pp.3213-3219  Energy Management Corporation New & Renewable Energy Center, 2013, www.energy.or.kr  Jung-Taek Lee, Sung-Ho Yoon, and Park Mu-hyun, 1995, "A Study on the Correlation and Distribution of Seasonal Sunshine Time and Temperature in Korea" Journal of the Environmental Agriculture and Life Sciences, Vol. 14, pp.155-162  Lee Ji-young, Kang In-joon, 2010, "A Study on the Selection of Solar Facility Location Using Technology", Journal of Korean Geographical Spatial Information, Vol.18 No. 2, pp.99-105  Jung, JC, 2012, "Potential Resource Map Analysis of Solar Energy Available", Environmental Impact Assessment, Vol.21 No.4, pp.573-579  Joung Dukki and Kang Yongkuk, 2006, "Precise Survey on the Normal Waves and Cheongmyeong Sun for Installation of Domestic High Power Photovoltaic Energy Use System", Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society. pp.53-62  Jo, Doo-Young, Kim, U., 2012, "Estimation of Individual Line Number Using Simulated Airline Lada Data" Korean Journal of Measurement Science, 30, No. 3, pp.269-277  Choi, Byeong-gil, Na Young-woo, Chu Ki-hwan, Lee Jung-il, 2014, "A Study on Application of Airborne Surveying Method for Airborne Raiders" Journal of Geographical Spatial Information, Vol.22 No. 2, pp.25-32  Fu, P. and P.M. Rich, 2000, The Solar Analysts users manual, Helios Environmental Modeling Institute (HEMI), USA.  Fu, P. and P.M. Rich, 2002, "Geometrical solar radiation model with applications in agriculture and forestry", Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, Vol.37, pp.25-35  Rich, P. M., R. Dubayah, W.A. Hetrick and S.C. Saving, 1994, "Viewshed models to calculate intercepted solar radiation: applications in ecology" American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Technical Papers, pp.  Fu, Pinde, 2000, "Geometric Solar Radiation Model with Landscape Ecology" Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Geography. University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas.  Fu, Pinde, and Paul M. Rich. 2002. "Geometric Solar Radiation Model with Applications in Agriculture and Forestry", Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, Vol.37, pp.25-35

It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for monitoring a site of a photovoltaic power generation plant, in which the GIS software is reflected on cloud or dust in the air, (DEM), which eliminates reflected, noise-lengthened noise, and removes objects such as buildings and trees from the feature using the TerraScan program for airborne laser surveying terrain data (Digital Elevation Model) Based on a DEM data, we analyze the solar irradiance for one year, compare the average solar irradiance for eight slopes, analyze the change in solar irradiance along the slope direction, examine the site of the solar power plant, In order to prevent accidents, site location of solar power plant is selected considering slope direction and proper slope, Provides a method for proper positioning of solar power plants using airborne laser surveying data and spatial analysis to determine the size of solar power plant installation considering area.

) 및 확산 일사량(

) 의 합으로 계산되고, 상기 태양광 발전소 부지에 대하여 N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W, NW의 8개 사면방향에 대한 평균 일사량, 일사량 변화를 분석하는 단계; 및 (d) 상기 태양광 발전소 부지에 대하여 사면 방향과 지면과의 경사도에 따라 태양광 발전소 부지 위치가 선정되며, 8개의 사면 방향 중에서, 사면방향이 남동(SE, South East), 남(S, South), 남서(SW, South West) 이면서, 30°이하의 경사도를 갖는 부지를 태양광 발전소 적정 부지 위치로 선정되는 단계를 포함한다. In order to accomplish the object of the present invention, an appropriate method for selecting a solar power plant using aerial laser surveying data and spatial analysis technique is as follows: (a) The landing of the solar power plant site is measured by airborne laser surveying (LIDAR) Obtaining raw terrain data; (b) Noise data, which is reflected by clouds or dust in the atmosphere or reflected by buildings or trees several times, is higher than the highest altitude and lower than the lowest altitude (TerraScan) program, which removes noise from aerial radar surveying terrain data (DSM), which includes terrain, trees, and man-made structures. Constructing a DEM (Digital Elevation Model) by removing objects of a building or a tree from the feature in the terrain classification process by performing an operation; (c) Based on the DEM data constructed by the GIS software, the solar radiation is measured for a predetermined period according to the movement path of the sun by using the zenith angle, and the solar radiation dose is measured using the noise- To calculate, the total solar radiation dose is the direct solar radiation of all sunmap and skymap sectors (

) And diffuse irradiation (

Analyzing a change in the average insolation amount and the insolation amount with respect to eight slope directions of N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W and NW with respect to the PV plant site; And (d) a photovoltaic power generation site site is selected in accordance with an inclination of a slope direction and a ground surface with respect to the site of the photovoltaic power generation plant. Of the eight slope directions, the slope directions are SE, South East, South, and South West (SW, South West) and having an inclination of 30 degrees or less.

The method of selecting suitable location of solar power plant using airborne laser surveying data processing and spatial analysis method according to the present invention is to determine the proper location of solar power plant site by using airborne laser surveying data analysis and spatial analysis method, The DEM is constructed by removing objects such as buildings and trees from the feature by using the Aerial Laser Surveying Terrain Data Processing (TerraScan) program to eliminate the noise that is reflected on the back or reflected by the building or tree several times, Based on the DEM data, we analyzed the solar irradiance for one year, and compared the average solar irradiance for the eight slopes to analyze the variation of solar irradiance according to the slope direction. In order to prevent safety accidents, Review magazine selection, and by determining the scale solar power plants installed Considering that the area was to support the renewable energy business effectively.

1 is a view showing an aerial laser surveying equipment specification.
2 is a photograph showing an aerial laser surveying flight course.
FIG. 3 is a view for explaining a case where noises are reflected on a cloud or dust in the atmosphere or reflected by a building or a tree several times and a long distance is generated, - " noise removal ".
Fig. 4 is a point obtained after automatic classification using the macro function of the TerraScan program.
FIG. 5 is a screen for setting a macro value.
FIG. 6 is a photograph showing the construction of a three-dimensional terrain by the aerial laser surveying data processing.
7A is a photograph of the study site.
FIG. 7B is a view showing a Sunmap showing the path of the sun passing through one year in a certain sector, and a Skymap showing a certain angle of a zenith angle indicating a certain angle from the north during the solar radiation analysis.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a digital elevation model (DEM) generated by cutting the terrain data constructed through aerial laser surveying data processing according to a study site.
FIG. 9 is a graph showing an average radiation dose distribution over a year using DEM data constructed through airborne laser surveying data processing.
10 is a view showing the inclination and the direction.
11 is a view showing an inclined section.
12 is a view showing an average solar radiation amount according to a slope direction and an inclined section.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Recently, the installation of photovoltaic power plants is increasing as a part of new renewable energy. In this study, the location of solar power plants is analyzed using light detection and ranging (LIDAR) data. First, we constructed a digital elevation model (DEM) by terrain classification process using the macro function of TerraScan program on aerial laser survey data for the solar power plant site review area. In addition, using the DEM data, the solar radiation amount of 1,286,632 W / ㎡ was calculated for the solar power plant site. In the analysis of the solar radiation along the terrain direction, the average solar radiation of the south slope was 1,459,940 W / ㎡, about 1.4 times higher than that of the north slope. In this study, the solar radiation amount was calculated considering the important slope direction and slope when selecting the location of the solar power plant. It can be seen that the area of solar power plant site with inclination of 30 ° or less while the slope direction is SE, South East, South, South, SW and South West is 375,500 ㎡, It is expected to be able to build a solar power plant of about 23 MW. Therefore, based on the aerial laser survey data, it is possible to support the renewable energy business that needs to determine the installation capacity of the solar power plant through the analysis of the insolation considering the slope direction and slope section characteristics.

This study analyzed the location of solar power plant based on aerial laser surveying data. For this purpose, the GIS software is used to reflect noise data such as cloud or dust reflected in the atmosphere, reflected on the building or trees several times, Noise was removed from the point with the highest altitude or higher and below the lowest altitude on the basis of the height value and the DEM was constructed by removing terrestrial features including objects such as buildings and trees using the Airborne Laser Survey Terrain Data Processing (TerraScan) program . Based on the constructed DEM data with noises, we analyzed the solar irradiance for the year 2017, and compared the average solar irradiance for the eight slopes, and analyzed the changes in the solar irradiance according to the eight slopes. When reviewing the site of a solar power plant, it is necessary to consider the slope along with the slope direction of 8 slabs to prevent safety accidents in the construction phase. The present invention examines the site of a solar power plant considering the slope direction and proper slope, and is intended to effectively support the renewable energy related work by determining the scale of installation of the solar power plant considering the area.

2. Airborne laser surveying data processing and DEM construction

2.1 Airborne Laser Survey Overview

The method of acquiring the elevation data of the terrain is various such as ground survey, photogrammetry, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), and aerial laser survey. However, local surveying is time-consuming and costly, and it is difficult to obtain elevation data for unapproachable areas, and SAR methods are often used in recent years because of the disadvantage of the relatively low spatial resolution of the elevation model obtained. have. Airborne laser surveying is able to obtain the height data of the feature with high accuracy compared to other techniques, but the horizontal position accuracy is relatively low and relatively large deviation occurs between the strips obtained according to the flight path of the sensor platform It is pointed out as a disadvantage and a countermeasure against it is needed.

The core of airborne laser surveying technology is to measure the travel time of laser pulses arriving at the receiver from the transmitter through the target. Since it travels at the speed of light, the time difference must be measured with high precision to obtain accurate elevation data. In addition, the aircraft, which is a platform equipped with the sensor, acquires topographical data for the target area during flight, and the acquired point density is determined according to the number of pulses, the shooting angle, and the flying speed. Since the obtained data can be obtained with multi-echo with intensity, it has the advantage of recognizing the material characteristics of the feature, and it is not necessary to perform aerial triangulation or ortho correction since the position information can be obtained individually for each point.

Accurate mapping technology is required in various applications such as geodetic survey, topography, mountain management, urban planning, and natural disaster monitoring. Early commercial airborne laser surveying scanners were at the level of analyzing single-mode reflected pulses by recording only one post-light scattering pulse, but as the technology progressed, a laser scanner capable of recording multiple pulses available for multiple objects with each reflective pulse Was developed.

)를 식 1과 같이 측정한다.The return pulses of airborne laser surveys are reflected on many surfaces and therefore appear as complex waveforms. Also, the time taken for the reflected pulse to return after it has been transmitted and hit the surface is used to calculate the distance to the target point

) Is measured as shown in Equation (1).

(1)

(One)

은 시간측정의 해상도

에 정비례하며, 식 3과 같이 유도할 수 있다.Here, R is the distance between the distance observing unit (laser transmitting and receiving unit) and the ground surface object, and C is the speed of light. Distance resolution

The resolution of the time measurement

And can be derived as shown in Equation 3 below.

(2)

(2)

)는 펄스 생성시간, S/N 비율, 관측비율에 의해 결정된다.At this time,

) Is determined by the pulse generation time, the S / N ratio, and the observation ratio.

(3)

(3)

는 펄스 생성 시간, C는 빛의 속도, S는 Photodiode 전류의 신호강도, N은 Photodiode와 증폭기의 열잡음 강도로, 일반적으로 사용되는 항공 라이다 시스템에서 거리 관측의 정밀도는 ㎝ 단위를 갖는다. here,

Is the pulse generation time, C is the speed of light, S is the signal intensity of the photodiode current, N is the thermal noise intensity of the photodiode and the amplifier, and the accuracy of the distance observation in the system is in centimeters.

Airborne laser surveying measures the uplift of the terrain at regular intervals along the flight direction with a laser pulse transceiver, a GPS receiver and an inertial navigation system on the aircraft. At this time, the precise position of the laser scanner is determined from the GCP (Ground Control Point) by using D-GPS technique, and the rotation angle of the laser pulse is measured in the inertial navigation system. It is a method to determine the correct vertical distance of the reflected laser wave.

) 및 확산 일사량(

) 의 합으로 계산되고, 태양광 발전소 부지에 대하여 N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W, NW 8개 사면방향에 대한 평균 일사량, 일사량 변화를 분석하는 단계; 및 (d) 상기 태양광 발전소 부지에 대하여 사면방향과 경사도에 따라 8개의 사면 방향 중에서, 사면방향이 남동(SE, South East), 남(S, South), 남서(SW, South West) 이면서, 30°이하의 경사도를 갖는 부지를 태양광 발전소 적정 부지 위치로 선정되며, 해당 면적을 고려한 태양광 발전소 설치 규모가 결정되는 단계를 포함한다. (A) Acquisition of the raw terrain data of the terrain relief measured by the airborne laser surveying (LIDAR) on the site of the solar power plant using the aviation laser surveying data processing and spatial analysis technique of the present invention ; (b) Noise data, which is reflected by clouds or dust in the atmosphere or reflected by buildings or trees several times, is higher than the highest altitude and lower than the lowest altitude (Digital Surface Model) data including terrain, trees, artificial facilities, etc. by TerraScan program for aerial radar surveying terrain data. Constructing a digital elevation model (DEM) by removing the buildings or trees from the feature in the terrain classification process by performing the classification operation; (c) Calculate the solar irradiance according to the moving path of the sun on the observation place for one day by using the zenith angle based on the DEM data of the GIS software, and measure solar radiation dose for a predetermined period (month, year) In order to calculate the solar irradiance using the noise-canceled DEM data, the total solar irradiance is directly related to the direct solar irradiance of all the sunmap and skymap sectors

) And diffuse irradiation (

Analyzing a change in the average insolation amount and the insolation amount with respect to the slope directions of N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W and NW with respect to the site of the photovoltaic power generation plant; And (d) the slope direction of the slope direction is a south slope (SE), a south slope (South), a south slope (South), a south slope (SW), and a south slope The site having an inclination of 30 ° or less is selected as a suitable site location of the solar power plant, and includes the step of determining the scale of installation of the solar power plant considering the area.

In the step (a), the airborne laser measurement is performed by mounting a laser pulse transceiver, a GPS receiver, and an inertial navigation device on an aircraft, measuring the undulation of the terrain at regular intervals along the flight direction, ) Determines the exact position of the laser scanner by the D-GPS technique, measures the rotation angle of the laser pulse in the inertial navigation system, and then determines the correct vertical distance of the reflected laser wave on the ground.

In the step (b), the noise removal may be performed such that the GIS software reflects noise data, such as clouds, dust, etc. reflected from the airborne laser surveying source terrain data, The noise is removed by the points above the maximum elevation and below the minimum elevation.

In the step (b), the noise-removed DSM data are adjusted by parameters of the maximum building size, spacing, and separation distance of a certain area using the macro function of the airborne laser surveying terrain data processing (TerraScan) Low vegetation, Medium vegetation, High vegetation, and Building are classified. Finally, DEM is constructed for the evaluation of solar irradiation site of solar power plant site by performing topographic classification work to distinguish between vegetation and artifacts.

In the step (c), based on the average insolation analysis results of eight slopes of N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W and NW, 20 ° to 30 °, and 30 ° inclination. The SE, S, and SW regions with high solar irradiance were overlapped with the slope region, and the average irradiance along the slope direction and slope region as shown in FIG. 12 The distribution characteristics are shown, and the area and the average irradiation dose for each section are calculated.

In step (c), SE, SE, SW, W, and NW, which are analyzed in this study among the slope directions of N, NE, E, SE, The mean solar irradiance of less than 20 ° and 20 ° to 30 ° slope in the SW slope direction did not show a significant difference. Among the eight slope directions, SE, SE, SW, It is judged that it can be used positively as the appropriate site of the solar power plant. In the slope section exceeding 30 °, it is not selected as the proper site for the solar power plant due to the safety accident, It was decided that the construction of the power plant was virtually restricted.

The step (d) is a step of selecting a site having a slope of 30 degrees or less from the slope direction, the slope direction being SE, South East, South, South, It is selected as appropriate site of power plant.

2.2 Airborne laser surveying data

In order to construct a high precision DEM for the solar power plant site review area, this study utilized the aerial laser surveying terrain data obtained by installing the IITE Lite Mapper 6800 in Germany on CESSNA 208 aircraft.

1 is a view showing an aerial laser surveying equipment specification.

The target area is a part of Bongdong-eup in Wanju-gun, Jeonbuk, and Fig. 2 shows an airborne laser surveying flight course.

2.3 Airborne Laser Survey Data Processing and Terrain Data Construction

In this study, to construct the DEM by removing objects such as buildings and trees in the land, the aerial laser surveying terrain data was basically corrected using the location information of Jeonju GNSS ground reference station. We used the TerraScan program as a program.

First, there may be a noise such as reflected in cloud or dust in the air, reflected on the building or tree several times, and a long distance. Noise was removed from the noise data as shown in FIG. 3 by the point that the GIS software has the highest altitude or more and the lowest altitude or less with respect to a certain height value.

The noise-canceled 3D laser point is a form of DSM that includes topography, trees, and artifacts.

In this study, we constructed DEM (Digital Elevation Model) data by performing topographic classification work for separating vegetation and artifacts from DSM (Digital Surface Model) data. In particular, the entire process was automatically classified using the macro function of the TerraScan program, an airborne laser surveying data processing program. In the topographic data processing program, automatic classification uses parameters such as maximum building size, separation angle, and separation distance in a certain area, and classifies Ground, Low vegetation, Medium vegetation, High vegetation, Building as final point cloud point cloud, point cloud).

4 is a point obtained after automatic classification using the macro function of the airborne laser surveying terrain data processing (TerraScan) program. FIG. 5 is a screen for setting a macro value.

In general, when using high-density raw terrain data such as aerial laser surveys, surface data from which the surface is removed are often required. Therefore, the aerial laser survey data of the structures and vegetation are removed, and only the data reflected from the surface is extracted. However, since automatic classification alone can not classify various types of land and surface, it is filtered again by automatic classification in airborne laser surveying terrain data processing (TerraScan) program, and then it is checked again by using contour map or shading map. And the automatic classification process was performed again.

The classification of airborne laser survey data is limited by the automatic classification method and may include the error value for the classification. This is judged to be a classification error and a local altitude error. Therefore, after the first automatic classification, the judgment factor setting value is changed to the individual area, and the process of reclassifying by repeating the second automatic classification is repeated. In addition, the manual classification of the error values is performed by directly visualizing the classification, and the criterion for determining the classification is the method of performing inspection and classification through superimposition of the image and point data acquired at the same time in the airborne laser survey, A surface model was created using point data at the point of completion of the process, and the error point was corrected with the naked eye. From the point cloud acquired through the manual classification process, the 3D terrain was constructed by the aviation laser surveying data processing as shown in FIG.

3. Calculation of solar irradiance based on numerical elevation model (DEM) data base

3.1 Calculation Method of Solar Radiation

Earth radiation (Global _tot) is calculated as the sum of the direct solar radiation (Dir _tot) and diffuse solar radiation (Dif _tot) of all sunmap and skymap sector.

Global _tot = Dir _tot + Dif _tot

FIG. 7B is a view showing a Sunmap showing the path of the sun passing through one year in a certain sector, and a Skymap showing a certain angle of a zenith angle indicating a certain angle from the north during the solar radiation analysis.

) 및 확산 일사량(

) 의 합으로 계산된다. 여기서, Sunmap은 태양이 1년 동안 지나가는 경로를 일정 섹터별로 표시한 것이며, Skymap은 북으로부터 일정한 각도를 나타내는 천정각을 일정한 섹터로 표시한 지도이다.The method of calculating the solar radiation using the noise-canceled DEM data is as follows. Total solar irradiance is the direct solar irradiance of all sunmap and skymap sectors (

) And diffuse irradiation (

). Here, Sunmap is a map showing the passage of the sun through a year by a certain sector, and Skymap is a map showing a constant angle of a zenith angle indicating a certain angle from the north.

)을 계산하는 방법은 다음과 같이 설명한다. 주어진 위치에 대한 총 직접 일사량(

)은 모든 Sunmap 섹터별 직접 일사량(

)의 합계이다.First, the direct solar radiation of all sunmap and skymap sectors (

) Is described as follows. Total direct solar irradiance for a given location (

) Is the sum of direct Sun irradiation per sector (

).

(4)

(4)

)을 위해, 천정각(θ)과 방위각(α)의 중심을 갖는 Sunmap 섹터별 직접 일사량(

)은 식 5를 사용하여 계산된다.1) Direct solar radiation calculation (

), The direct solar irradiance per Sunmap sector with the center of the zenith angle (θ) and azimuth angle (α)

) Is calculated using equation (5).

(5)

(5)

는 태양 상수로서 본 연구에서는 1,367W/㎡을 적용하였다. 또한, β는 최단 경로에 대한 대기의 투과율이며,

는 광로 길이로 식 6과 같이 계산된다.

Is the solar constant, which is 1,367W / ㎡ in this study. Is the atmospheric transmittance with respect to the shortest path,

Is calculated by Equation 6 as the optical path length.

(6)

(6)

는 해발고도이다.Where θ is the solar zenith angle,

Is an elevation above sea level.

는 Sky 섹터별 지속 시간이며, 일반적으로 시간에 요일을 곱하여 지속 시간을 산정하는 방식을 채택한다. 또한,

은 Sunmap 섹터별 간격이며,

는 Sky 섹터의 중심과 지표면에 수직인 축 사이의 입사각으로 식 7과 같이 계산된다.

Is the duration of each Sky sector, and generally adopts a method of calculating the duration by multiplying the time by the day of the week. Also,

Is the Sunmap sector-specific interval,

Is the angle of incidence between the center of the sky sector and the axis perpendicular to the surface,

(7)

(7)

는 지표면 천정각,

는 지표면 방위각이다. Where α is the azimuth angle, θ is the sun's zenith angle,

Is the surface zenith angle,

Is the surface azimuth angle.

2) To calculate the diffuse radiation dose (Dif), the diffuse radiation dose (Dif) at the center of each skymap sector is calculated and integrated over time intervals and corrected using Equation 8 by the interval fraction and the incident angle.

(8)

(8)

는 범지구적 일사량,

는 확산되는 일사량 플럭스 비율이다. 일반적으로 매우 맑은 하늘 조건에서는 약 0.2이고 매우 흐린 하늘 상태에서는 0.7이다.here,

Is the global solar radiation,

Is the diffuse irradiation flux ratio. Generally, it is about 0.2 in very clear sky conditions and 0.7 in very cloudy sky conditions.

는 Sky 섹터 중 보이는 부분을 나타내는 부분이다.

는 모든 섹터에 대해 주어진 Sky 섹터에서 발생하는 확산 일사의 비율이며,

는 Sky 섹터의 중심과 요격면 사이의 입사각이다.Dur is the time interval for analysis,

Is a portion representing a visible portion of the Sky sector.

Is the ratio of diffuse radiation occurring in a given Sky sector for all sectors,

Is the angle of incidence between the center of the Sky sector and the intercept surface.

은 입사각을 보정하지 않고 모든 섹터의 직접 방사선을 합산한 후

와 같은 직접 방사선의 비율을 보정하여 계산할 수 있다.

Sum the direct radiation of all sectors without correcting the incident angle

And the ratio of the direct radiation such as the radiation dose.

(9)

(9)

는 식 10과 같이 계산된다.In the clear sky diffusion model,

Is calculated as shown in Equation 10.

(10)

(10)

과

는 Sky 섹터의 천정각이며,

는 Skymap에서의 방위각 분할 개수이다. 흐린 하늘의 확산 모델의 경우,

는 식 11과 같이 계산된다(Fu, 2000; Fu와 Rich, 2002; Rich et al. 1994).

and

Is the zenith angle of the Sky sector,

Is the number of azimuthal divisions in the Skymap. In the case of the cloudy sky diffusion model,

Is calculated as follows (Fu, 2000; Fu and Rich, 2002; Rich et al., 1994).

(11)

(11)

3.2 Calculation of radiation dose based on DEM data

The study area was selected as the study area as shown in Fig. 7a.

FIG. 8 is a view showing a digital elevation model (DEM) by cutting the terrain data constructed through the aerial laser surveying data processing according to the study site.

The topographic data constructed through the aerial laser surveying data were cut to the study site and the DEM was generated. The elevation of the area was 56.5 ~ 310.2m.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing an average radiation dose distribution over a year using DEM data constructed through airborne laser surveying data processing.

The figure shows the distribution of average solar irradiance for one year from January 1 to December 31, 2017 using DEM data constructed through aerial laser surveying data processing. In 2017, the amount of solar radiation was 726,662 ~ 1,523,1626 W / ㎡ and the average was 1,286,632 W / ㎡.

3.3 Location Analysis of Solar Power Plant

When selecting a site for a solar power plant, it is important to secure a large amount of solar radiation first, which is closely related to the direction of the terrain. In addition, in a sloping region of a predetermined or more degree, since there are various constraints at the time of construction, it is preferable to consider the sloping portion together.

In this study, slope and direction diagram were constructed as shown in Fig. 10 is a view showing the inclination and the direction.

Table 1 shows the characteristics of average salinity distribution by slope direction using the result of 2017 insolation analysis and direction chart of the region. The mean insolation in the north (N) slope direction was the lowest at 1,042,580 W / ㎡ and the average insolation in the south (S) slope was 1,459,940 W / ㎡ which was about 1.4 times higher than the northern slope.

S, S, and SW slopes with the southern side as a whole showed higher average insolation in eight slope directions (N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W, and NW).

This study considers slope characteristics to be considered in the construction stage based on the average insolation analysis results according to slope direction. As shown in FIG. 9, the inclination of the target area is 0.1 ° ~ 53.2 °. In this study, the inclination section is set to be less than 20 °, 20 ° to 30 °, and more than 30 °.

In addition, the SE, S, and SW regions with high solar irradiance were superimposed on the slope region, and the characteristics of the average solar radiation distribution along the slope direction and the slope region were shown as in FIG. 12, and the area and the average solar radiation amount were calculated Respectively. 11 is a view showing an inclined section.

12 is a view showing an average solar radiation amount according to a slope direction and an inclined section.

As a result, the average slope angle of less than 20 ° and 20 ° ~ 30 ° slopes were 1,428,370 W / ㎡ and 1,432,330 W / ㎡, respectively. Also, the slope direction of the south slope (S) was 1,477,070 W / ㎡ at an angle of 20 ° ~ 30 °, which was slightly higher than 1,453,220 W / ㎡ which was below 20 ° of slope. On the other hand, in the SW slope direction, the average solar irradiance of less than 20 ° was 1,414,240 W / ㎡, which was slightly higher than the average solar irradiance of 2040 ~ 30 ° of 1,406,710 W / ㎡.

In the slope section exceeding 30 °, the construction of the solar power plant is practically restricted due to safety accidents. The average solar irradiance of less than 20 ° and 20 ° ~ 30 ° slope of SE, South (SW), and SW (SW) analyzed in this study showed no significant difference. Therefore, it is considered that the area having a slope of 30 ° or less with respect to the slope directions of SE, SE, SW among the eight slope directions can be positively examined as a suitable site of the solar power plant , The total area of the area was calculated as 375,500 ㎡.

In general, a site of about 5,000 pyong (16,500 ㎡) is required when constructing a 1 MW solar power plant. As a result, the inclination of the slope of SE, SE, SW Considering the area of 375,500 ㎡, which has an inclination of 30 ° or less, it is considered that a solar power plant of about 23 MW could be constructed.

In Fig. 11, SE, S, SW slope directions are mostly distributed in the lower region around the ridge line. Especially, in the slope region below 30degrees, they are located below the 7 ridge line. It is found that it has relatively favorable conditions.

In the present invention, the solar radiation amount is analyzed based on the noise-canceled DEM data constructed through the aerial laser measurement data processing, and the method of calculating the solar radiation amount considering the characteristics of the slope direction and the slope region, I could present it. This study will be able to effectively support the renewable energy business that needs to determine the size of solar power plant installation.

4. Conclusion

In the present invention, the appropriateness of the location of the solar power plant was evaluated through the airborne laser surveying data processing, and the results were analyzed by selecting Bongdong - eup area, Wonju - gun, Jeonbuk.

First, the noise was first removed from the raw data acquired through aerial laser surveying. The DSM data with no noise are classified into Ground, Low vegetation, Medium vegetation, High vegetation, and Building by adjusting parameters such as maximum building size, separation angle, and separation distance of a certain area using the macro function of TerraScan program Finally, we could construct a DEM for the solar irradiation evaluation of the site of the solar power plant by classifying the topographic classification of vegetation and artificial land.

Secondly, the DEM data were cut into the planned site for the construction of the solar power plant based on the DEM data constructed through the aerial laser surveying data processing. As a result of analyzing the solar irradiation amount for one year in 2017, 726,662 ~ 1,523,1626 W / ㎡, and the average solar irradiance of 1,286,632 W / ㎡ could be calculated.

Third, the average solar irradiance in the north (N) slope direction was 1,042,580 W / ㎡, and the average solar radiation in the south (S) slope was 1,459,940 W / ㎡. , Which is 1.4 times higher than that of Overall, the mean slope of the slope in the south is higher than that of the slopes in SE, South East, South, and SW.

Fourth, the solar radiation amount was calculated considering the slope direction and slope to be considered at the construction stage along with the slope direction when selecting the location of the solar power plant. The slope direction was SE, South East, South, South West), but the total area of the solar power plant site with an inclination of 30 ° or less is 375,500 ㎡ in total. Therefore, when a 1 MW solar power plant is constructed, a solar power plant of about 23 MW is expected to be built at the appropriate site, considering that a site of about 5,000 pyong (16,500 ㎡) is needed.

In this study, the DEM was constructed through geomorphological classification of the points acquired through aerial laser surveying, and the solar radiation for one year was analyzed. In particular, it is necessary to determine the installation size of the solar power plant by evaluating the solar radiation amount that indirectly predicts the power generation efficiency in consideration of the characteristics of the slope direction and the slope direction of the eight directions for the DEM, We can effectively support the energy business.

Embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in the form of program instructions that can be executed by various computer means and may be recorded on a computer readable medium. The computer-readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, and the like, alone or in combination. The computer-readable recording medium may be any type of storage medium such as magnetic media such as storage, hard disk, floppy disk and magnetic tape, optical media such as CD-ROM, DVD, magnetic recording media such as floppy disks, Any type of hardware device configured to store and perform program instructions, such as magneto-optical media, and ROM, ROM, flash memory, and the like, may be included. Examples of program instructions may include machine language code such as those generated by a compiler, as well as high-level language code that may be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like. Such hardware devices may be configured to operate as one or more software modules to perform the method of the present invention.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, It will be understood that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

: 모든 sunmap 및 skymap 섹터의 직접 일사량

: 천정각(θ)과 방위각(α)의 중심을 갖는 모든 Sunmap 섹터별
직접 일사량GCP: Ground Control Point
DEM: Digital Elevation Model
θ: zenith angle α: azimuth angle

: Direct solar radiation of all sunmap and skymap sectors

: All Sunmap sectors with center of zenith angle (θ) and azimuth angle (α)
Direct solar radiation

Claims (9)

(a) acquiring raw terrain data on the landing site of the solar power plant site by means of aerial laser surveying;
(b) Noise data, which is reflected by clouds or dust in the atmosphere or reflected by buildings or trees several times, is higher than the highest altitude and lower than the lowest altitude , And the aerial radar geodetic data processing program is used to classify the terrain classification that distinguishes vegetation and artifacts from DSM (Digital Surface Model) data including terrain, trees and artificial facilities. A digital elevation model (DEM) in which a building or a tree is removed from the feature in the feature classification process;
(c) Based on the DEM data constructed by the GIS software, the solar radiation is measured for a predetermined period according to the movement path of the sun by using the zenith angle, and the solar radiation dose is measured using the noise- To calculate, the total solar radiation dose is the direct solar radiation of all sunmap and skymap sectors (

) And diffuse irradiation (

Analyzing a change in the average insolation amount and the insolation amount with respect to eight slope directions of N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W and NW with respect to the PV plant site; And
(SE, South), South (South), South (SW, South West), and 30 (South and South) slopes among eight slope directions according to the slope direction and the slope with respect to the site of the solar power plant, Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > and / or < / RTI > to a solar site proper site location;
A Method for Optimal Location of Solar Power Plant Using Airborne Laser Survey Data Processing and Spatial Analysis Technique. The method according to claim 1,
In the step (a)
The airborne laser surveying is carried out by using a laser pulse transceiver, a GPS receiver, and an inertial navigation device mounted on an aircraft, measuring the uplift of the terrain at regular intervals along the direction of flight, and applying a D-GPS technique from a plurality of ground control points To determine the exact position of the laser scanner and to measure the rotation angle of the laser pulse in the inertial navigation system and then to determine the correct vertical distance of the reflected laser wave on the ground using the aerial laser surveying data processing and spatial analysis techniques Optimum location of solar power plant. delete The method according to claim 1,
Low, medium, and high vegetation by adjusting parameters of the maximum building size, spacing, and separation distance of a certain area using the macro function of the TerraScan program. vegetation, and building. Finally, a topographical classification task for classification of vegetation and artifacts was conducted to construct a DEM for the solar irradiation site evaluation of the solar power plant site. A solar power plant using airborne laser surveying data processing and spatial analysis How to determine the proper position. delete The method according to claim 1,
1) direct solar radiation of all sunmap and skymap sectors (

To calculate
Total direct solar irradiance for a given location (

) Is the sum of direct Sun irradiation per sector (

),

(4)
Direct Solar Radiation by Sunmap Sector with Center of Zenith angle (θ) and Azimuth (α)

) Is calculated using Equation 5,

(5)

Is applied as a solar constant of 1,367 W / m 2, β is the air permeability to the shortest path,

Is calculated by Equation 6 as the optical path length,

(6)
Where θ is the solar zenith angle,

Is an elevation above sea level,

Adopts a method of estimating the duration by the Sky sector, generally the time multiplied by the day of the week,

Is the Sunmap sector-specific interval,

Is the angle of incidence between the center of the sky sector and the axis perpendicular to the earth's surface,

(7)
Where α is the azimuth angle, θ is the sun's zenith angle,

Is the surface zenith angle,

Is an earth surface azimuth angle,
2) To calculate the diffuse radiation dose, the diffuse radiation dose (Dif) at the center of each skymap sector is calculated, integrated in time intervals, corrected using Equation 8 by the interval fraction and the incident angle,

(8)
here,

Is the global solar radiation,

Is the diffuse irradiation flux ratio. It is generally 0.2 in very clear sky conditions, 0.7 in very cloudy sky conditions,
Dur is the time interval for analysis,

Is a portion representing a visible part of the Sky sector,

Is the ratio of spreading radiation occurring in a given Sky sector for all sectors,

Is the angle of incidence between the center of the Sky sector and the intercept surface,

Sum the direct radiation of all sectors without correcting the incident angle

, And can be calculated by correcting the ratio of direct radiation,

(9)
In the clear sky diffusion model,

Is calculated as in Equation 10,

(10)

and

Is the zenith angle of the Sky sector,

Is the number of azimuthal divisions in the Skymap. In the case of the cloudy sky diffusion model,

Is given by Eq. 11

(11) Calculated,
A Method for Proper Location of Solar Power Plant Using Airborne Laser Survey Data Processing and Spatial Analysis Technique. The method according to claim 1,
The step (c)
N. Based on the results of average insolation analysis according to eight slope directions of NE, E, SE, S, SW, W, and NW, the slopes of the target area should be less than 20 °, 30 ° and 30 ° slope. The characteristics of average radiation dose distribution along the slope direction and the slope area are shown by overlapping SE, S, SW area and slope area with high radiation dose. The area and average radiation dose A Method for Proper Location of Solar Power Plant Using Airborne Laser Surveying Data Processing and Spatial Analysis. The method according to claim 1,
From the results of the analysis for 1 year, the slope directions of N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W and NW, The slopes of less than 20 ° and 20 ° to 30 ° are not significantly different from each other, and slopes of 30 ° or less with respect to the slopes of SE, SE, SW, And the appropriate section of the solar power plant is selected using the aerial laser surveying data processing and spatial analysis method, where the slope section exceeding 30 ° is not selected as the proper site of the solar power plant. . delete

Images