KR101938276B1 - Appratus for displaying 3d image - Google Patents

Abstract

The stereoscopic image display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a motion tracking unit for irradiating light to a subject, receiving light reflected from the subject, and tracking the movement of the subject; A coordinate generator for generating a three-dimensional coordinate indicating a position of movement of the subject; And an air plasma generator configured to receive three-dimensional coordinates from the coordinate generator and to continuously or periodically irradiate a pulse laser on the three-dimensional coordinates to generate an air plasma along the movement of the subject, wherein the air plasma A stereoscopic image according to the motion of the subject may be formed for a predetermined time.

Description

[0001] APPARATUS FOR DISPLAYING 3D IMAGE [0002]

[0001] The present invention relates to a stereoscopic image display apparatus, and more particularly, to a stereoscopic image display apparatus in which a laser is irradiated along a movement of a subject in space to generate an air plasma to display a three-dimensional image on the space.

In schools and academies, lectures are mainly conducted on the blackboard, or education is mainly conducted by using display devices.

Since both the blackboard and the display device are composed of two-dimensional planes, there is a problem that it is difficult to express some contents.

For example, when a three-dimensional drawing is displayed, it is difficult to check in a plane. A simple figure such as a hexahedron can represent a degree of three-dimensional effect by a method such as a dotted line, but there is a limit in the case of a complex figure.

Especially, if educational curriculum is constructed based on three-dimensional space coordinates like electromagnetic theory, it is very important to visualize three-dimensional space in order to improve the quality of lecture and to enhance the understanding of the students.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a stereoscopic image display device capable of tracking a movement of a lecturer and displaying a specific shape in a three-dimensional space along the movement of a lecturer.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a stereoscopic image display apparatus which displays a specific shape on a three-dimensional space and is maintained for a preset time.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned technical problems, and various technical problems can be included within the scope of what is well known to a person skilled in the art from the following description.

In order to solve the above problems, a stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the present invention includes a motion tracking unit for irradiating light to a subject, irradiating light to the subject, receiving light reflected from the subject, and tracking the movement of the subject, ; A coordinate generator for generating a three-dimensional coordinate indicating a position of movement of the subject; And an air plasma generator configured to receive three-dimensional coordinates from the coordinate generator and to continuously or periodically irradiate a pulse laser on the three-dimensional coordinates to generate an air plasma along the movement of the subject, wherein the air plasma The air plasma generates a shock wave and an electric field, and the shock wave and the electric field induce a somatic sensation of a human skin existing in an area affected by the shock wave and the electric field .

The stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the present invention may further include a lens for collecting the laser beam irradiated from the air plasma generating unit at one point to induce air plasma generation.

Further, in the stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the present invention, the stereoscopic image display apparatus may further include: a laser output unit for outputting the pulse laser; And a controller for controlling the pulse laser to be output on the three-dimensional coordinate.

In addition, in the stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the present invention, the controller may include: a frequency controller for controlling a pulse frequency per unit time of the pulse laser; An energy controller for controlling an energy intensity of the pulse laser; And a diameter control unit for controlling the diameter of the pulse laser.

In addition, in the stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the present invention, the controller can control the size and duration of the air plasma by controlling frequency, energy, and diameter of the rare gas.

delete

In addition, in the stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the present invention, the shock wave stimulates the details in the human skin to generate action potentials to the peripheral nerve, thereby inducing a change in the state of the human skin.

In addition, in the stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the present invention, the electric field generates intracellular potential of the human skin and induces action potentials in the peripheral nerve stimulated by the generated potential to induce a change in the state of the human skin .

In addition, in the stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the present invention, the wavelength of the pulse laser may be 1064 nm.

Further, in the stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the present invention, the energy intensity of the pulse laser may be 35 mJ to 65 mJ.

According to the present invention, an image can be displayed along with the movement of a lecturer, and a stereoscopic image can be displayed on a three-dimensional space.

In addition, according to the present invention, a stereoscopic image can be displayed on a three-dimensional space, and students can improve their comprehension ability when used in lectures.

In addition, according to the present invention, since the laser is not directly applied to the skin tissue of the user, the somatic sensation can be induced without damaging the skin tissue.

In addition, according to the present invention, since different kinds of energy emitted by the air plasma can be utilized, the body sensation can be induced by different mechanisms.

Also, according to the present invention, it is possible to induce a somatosensitivity to all the medium existing in a region close to the point where the air plasma is generated.

1 is a block diagram of a stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the present invention.
2 shows a schematic concept of an air plasma according to the present invention.
3 is a block diagram of a stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the present invention.
4 and 5 illustrate a process in which a user recognizes a somatosensory sensation by an air plasma according to the present invention.
6 illustrates an example in which the stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the present invention generates air plasma on three-dimensional coordinates.
7 shows the result of measuring the shock wave using a microphone.
8 shows the result of measuring the shock wave using an acceleration sensor.
9 shows an experimental environment for measuring shock waves in an area close to the air plasma.
FIG. 10 shows a result of measurement through a microphone in the experimental environment of FIG. 9. FIG.
FIG. 11 shows the results of measurement by the acceleration sensor in the experimental environment of FIG.
FIG. 12 shows the intensity distribution of the shock wave measured in the experimental environment of FIG.
13 shows an experimental environment for measuring an electric field.
14 shows the electric field measured according to the energy intensity of the laser beam.
FIGS. 15 and 16 show the measurement results of the electric field by changing the parameters of the laser beam.
17 shows experimental results for confirming whether the user's sense of body is sensed according to the distance from the air plasma.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the like elements throughout. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The embodiments disclosed herein should not be construed or interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the description including the embodiments of the present specification has various applications. Accordingly, any embodiment described in the Detailed Description of the Invention is illustrative for a better understanding of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention to embodiments.

The functional blocks shown in the drawings and described below are merely examples of possible implementations. In other implementations, other functional blocks may be used without departing from the spirit and scope of the following detailed description. Also, although one or more functional blocks of the present invention are represented as discrete blocks, one or more of the functional blocks of the present invention may be a combination of various hardware and software configurations that perform the same function.

In addition, the expression "including any element" is merely an expression of an open-ended expression, and is not to be construed as excluding the additional elements.

Further, when a component is referred to as being connected or connected to another component, it may be directly connected or connected to the other component, but it should be understood that there may be other components in between.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a configuration of a stereoscopic image display apparatus according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the stereoscopic image display apparatus of the present invention may include a motion tracking unit 10, a coordinate generating unit 20, and an air plasma generating unit 20.

The motion tracking unit 10 is for tracking motion of a subject. The motion tracking unit 10 can detect motion by irradiating light to a subject and receiving light reflected from the subject. For example, by using a light receiving element such as an image sensor, it is possible to detect a pixel that receives reflected light from the pixel array included in the image sensor, and to track the movement of the object based on the positional shift of the detected pixel. The image sensor may be a CIS (CMOS image sensor), a 2D-PSD (Position Sensitive Detector), or a two-dimensional sensor composed of a PD (Photo Diode). The subject may be a teacher's finger.

The coordinate generating unit 20 generates three-dimensional space coordinates corresponding to the motion of the subject. When the motion of the subject is detected, the coordinate generating unit 20 can generate three-dimensional coordinates corresponding to the motion region in the real space. Since the object moves on the three-dimensional space, it can be expressed on the x, y, and z axes, which are three-dimensional coordinate axes. Therefore, the coordinate generating unit 20 receives the motion tracking information from the motion tracking unit 10, Coordinates can be generated.

The air plasma generator 30 may receive three-dimensional coordinates from the coordinate generator 20 and may generate an air plasma by irradiating the received coordinates with a laser beam. The air plasma may continue for a predetermined time to form a three-dimensional image along the movement of the subject. In addition, the air plasma may induce somesthesia in the user's skin. The somatosensory will be described later.

2 shows a conceptual diagram of the air plasma generating section 30 generating air plasma.

The air plasma generator 30 irradiates a laser beam to the air to generate plasma. At this time, various parameters of the laser beam can be controlled, and the intensity, size, and duration of the plasma can be controlled. The wavelength of the laser beam may be 1064 nm and the energy intensity of the laser beam may be 35 mJ to 65 mJ. If the intensity of the laser beam is less than 35 mJ, somatic sensation may not be induced or may not be sensed by a weak person, and if it exceeds 65 mJ, it may be harmful to the human body. Above 68mJ in particular, it may cause direct damage to human body.

The air plasma generator 30 may further include a lens 40 for generating an air plasma. The lens 40 functions to collect the laser beam irradiated from the air plasma generator 30 at one point. The lens may be provided in the air plasma generator 30, (30).

Plasma refers to the state of gas separated by electrons and electrons having positive charges at ultra-high temperatures. In order to generate a plasma, an electric method such as a direct current, a very high frequency, or a laser is used. In the present invention, it is assumed that a pulsed laser is irradiated at one point in the air to generate plasma. In the present invention, plasma is generated in the air. In the present specification, it is referred to as an air plasma (AP).

3 is a block diagram showing the detailed configuration of the air plasma generator 30. As shown in Fig.

3, the air plasma generating unit 30 may include a laser output unit 31, a power source unit 32, an input unit 33, a display 34, and a control unit 35. In order to implement the air plasma generator 30, the laser output unit 31 and the control unit 35 are essentially included, and other functional units can be included or excluded according to the needs of the user.

The laser output unit 31 may include a laser driver and a cooling device for outputting a pulse laser. The laser driver may include sub-devices such as a laser medium, an optical pumping, and an optical resonator, and generates an optical signal for implementing a pulsed laser. In addition, the cooling device cools the heat generated by the laser driver in the process of generating an optical signal, and prevents malfunction due to overheating of the laser driver.

The laser output unit 31 may be implemented in various ways to generate a pulsed laser. For example, a ruby laser, a neodymium-yag laser, a neodymium-glass laser, a laser diode, an excimer laser, a dye laser or the like. For reference, it is noted that a Neodymium-YAG laser is used to generate a pulsed laser in the experimental example described below.

The power supply unit 32 may supply power to other configurations including the stereoscopic image display device 31. [

The input unit 33 receives a setting input necessary for driving the stereoscopic image display device 31 from a user. The input unit may be implemented by various types of input devices such as a pad, a touch screen, and a mouse.

The display 34 is a configuration for displaying various information such as a setting parameter of a laser or the like to display an operation state and an operation result of the air plasma generator 30. The display may display various menus, information input by a user, information to be provided to a user, and may be implemented by a liquid crystal display (LCD), an OLED, and a sound output device.

The controller 35 receives the three-dimensional coordinate value from the coordinate generator 20 and controls the laser output unit 31 to output the laser at a position corresponding to the three-dimensional coordinate. The control unit 35 may include at least one computing means and storage means, and the computing means may be a general purpose central processing unit (CPU), a programmable device element (CPLD, FPGA) It may be an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a microcontroller chip. In addition, a volatile memory element, a non-volatile memory element, or a non-volatile electromagnetic storage element may be utilized as the storage means.

The control unit 35 may include a frequency control unit, an energy control unit, and a diameter control unit. The size and duration of the air plasma may be controlled by controlling the pulse laser to be continuously or periodically irradiated. Specifically, the frequency control unit controls the pulse frequency per unit time of the irradiated laser. Assuming that the output of the laser is one cycle when the output of the laser is high and one time when the laser is low, the frequency controller may include a pulse cycle of unit time, for example, several pulses per second And the user can control the frequency of the pulsed laser through such a setting operation.

It should be understood that the pulse laser frequency in the present invention is freely controllable from 1 Hz to 50 Hz. Further, if the frequency is 0 Hz, that is, a single shot, Can be set.

Next, the energy control unit controls the energy intensity of the irradiated laser. The energy intensity is expressed in millijoules (mJ), and the energy intensity in the present invention can preferably be controlled to be 40 mJ or more. On the other hand, the energy control unit may be actually implemented by an optical filter, which may include an attenuator for attenuating the intensity of the pulsed laser.

Next, the diameter control unit controls the diameter of the irradiated laser or focuses the laser accurately on a target point to be irradiated.

The diameter control unit can be embodied as a convex lens for converging the laser to one point and a concave lens for diffusing the laser. By selectively adjusting the distance between the convex lens and the concave lens, Can be controlled.

With this configuration, the air plasma generating section 30 can generate air plasma on the hologram. Further, the size, shape, and duration of the air plasma can be controlled.

Referring again to FIG. 2, the air plasma generating apparatus according to the present invention generates air plasma in the air, and utilizes the energy thus released to generate a medium 40, that is, a feeling of somatization, somesthesis).

On the other hand, in the air plasma produced in this way, the energy is released into two kinds of sun, shock wave and electric field.

A shock wave is a strong pressure wave that is transmitted at a speed faster than a sonic velocity into a fluid. The shock wave is generated by superimposing a wave surface due to a sudden pressure change. When a shock wave passes through it, pressure, density and speed increase. That is, the energy emitted from the air plasma rapidly transfers energy to the surrounding fluid, that is, the air, and the air thereby repetitively generates the overlap region, thereby enabling energy transfer to the outside.

On the other hand, an electric field refers to a field generated in an ambient space of an electric charge. In an electric field, a charged object receives an electric force and a state change occurs. Since the air plasma itself is a charged gas, an electric field is generated around the air plasma, and the present invention uses this to induce a state change in the medium 40.

Hereinafter, a method of inducing somatosensory using air plasma according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the energy of the shock wave and the electric field transmitted to the user's skin when the shock waves and the electric field are emitted by the air plasma, and when the transmitted energy changes state to the skin, The process of recognizing the senses is briefly shown.

FIG. 5 is a step-by-step representation of the procedure of FIG. Referring to FIG. 5, the somatosensory induction method using air plasma starts from the step S51 of irradiating the pulse laser first. The pulse laser is irradiated by the stereoscopic image display device described in the description of FIG. 2, and may further include a step of setting a parameter of the laser beam before the step S51. The step of setting the parameter of the laser beam means the step of the stereoscopic image display device receiving the input from the user and setting the parameter of the laser beam to be irradiated in the air according to the input.

After the step S51, the irradiated pulse laser generates air plasma in the air (S52). In the air plasma thus generated, the shock wave and the electric field are generated outside (S53, S54).

The generated shock waves stimulate the skin, that is, the cells constituting the skin by touching the skin of the user, that is, stimulating the peripheral nerve in the cell (S56), and accordingly, the activation of the action potential (S57) (S58), and the brain senses the somatic sensation (S59).

On the other hand, the electric field generated from the air plasma affects the cells constituting the skin of the user, and the electric field generates a potential difference in the cell (S55) to stimulate the peripheral nerve of the cell (S56). Steps S56-S59 from the peripheral nerve stimulation to the somatic sensory perception step in the brain are the same as those in the shock wave described above.

6 illustrates an example in which the stereoscopic image display apparatus 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention generates an air plasma.

Referring to FIG. 6, the stereoscopic image display apparatus 100 may track the movement of the subject 1 and generate a specific image 2 in space by irradiating the laser along the movement of the subject. The duration of the image 2 may be adjusted by adjusting the laser parameters. Therefore, a complex three-dimensional drawing expressed in a textbook or a display device in two dimensions can be directly expressed on a three-dimensional space.

7 shows the results of measurement of the shock wave generated in the air plasma.

7 (a) shows a result of measuring a shock wave sensed by a microphone after converting a voltage signal into a voltage signal after providing a microphone at a certain point within a radius of 50 mm based on a point where the air plasma is generated. According to this, it can be confirmed that a voltage signal of a predetermined magnitude is repeatedly detected from 0.5 ms after the air plasma is generated at 0.3 ms. The experimental result shows that the shock waves generated by the air plasma are continuously As shown in FIG. Furthermore, referring to FIG. 7 (a), it can be seen that the intensity of the shock wave generated by the air plasma becomes weaker with time.

As the energy intensity of the laser beam increases, the shock wave generated by the air plasma can also be expected to increase in size. Experimental results are shown in (b) and (c). That is, when air plasmas are generated by setting the energy intensities of the parameters of the laser beam to 32 mJ and 60 mJ, respectively, the shock wave sensed by the microphone can be expressed as shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C, The higher the strength is, the higher the strength is.

On the other hand, the shock wave generated by the air plasma can be measured not only by a microphone but also by using an acceleration sensor.

8 is a graph comparing the results of measurement of shock waves with an acceleration sensor and a microphone. The graph shows that the magnitude of the voltage signal of the shock wave measured by the acceleration sensor is relatively small compared to that measured by the microphone, but the resultant values show a similar pattern.

In the meantime, since the shock wave and the electric field generated by the air plasma can affect all directions around the generation position of the air plasma, the body sense, that is, the human skin, If the distance is kept below a certain level, somatic sensation can be induced regardless of the direction. In other words, the shock wave and the electric field generated from the air plasma can induce a state change of the medium existing on a certain point in the hypothetical center around the generation position of the air plasma.

FIG. 9 shows an experimental environment for confirming such a characteristic. In the experimental environment, an octagonal frame is provided around the point where the air plasma is generated, and a microphone is installed on all the surfaces except for the lower end. At this time, the position of the microphone is spaced the same distance from the center.

FIG. 10 shows the results measured in the experiment of FIG. 9, and the graphs of FIG. 10 show the intensity of the shock wave measured in all directions in terms of the magnitude of the voltage signal. As can be seen from the graph, the shockwave was measured in all directions. Especially, the shock waves in each direction were measured more as the energy level of the laser beam was larger, and the stronger the shock wave was measured as closer to the center from the air plasma.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing intensity of shock waves measured after changing a microphone to an acceleration sensor in the experimental environment of FIG. 9, and shock waves in all directions affect the acceleration sensor in a similar pattern even when the graphs of FIG. 11 are viewed. .

On the other hand, FIG. 12 is a graph showing the intensity distribution according to the distance of the shock wave measured in each direction. 10, the intensity of the shock wave in each direction is inversely proportional to the distance to the air plasma. As can be seen from FIG. 12, the intensity of the shock wave is more strongly measured as the distance from the air plasma is shorter .

From the results of the experiments of FIGS. 10 to 12, it can be concluded that the shock wave generated by the air plasma affects all directions, and thus the somatic sensation can be induced to the medium located at any arbitrary point, And the degree of somatic sensation that can be induced according to the distance of the air plasma, that is, the intensity of the tactile sensation, can be changed.

13 shows an experimental environment for measuring an electric field generated by the air plasma. In the experimental environment, the electrode plate is provided above and below the point where the air plasma is generated, and the electrode plate is connected with a wire, but connected in series with a voltmeter.

FIG. 14 is a graph showing the voltage signals of the electric field measured when the energy intensities of the laser beams are 32 mJ and 60 mJ, respectively. According to this, the peak-to-peak voltage was measured at about 20 V in a 32 mJ environment and about 30 V in a 60 mJ environment Able to know. That is, the higher the energy of the laser beam is, the stronger the intensity of the electric field generated by the air plasma is.

FIG. 15 is a graph showing the minimum peak value, the peak-to-peak value, and the power value of the electric field voltage signal measured while varying the energy intensity of the laser beam, i.e., the plasma energy, while maintaining the DC potential of FIG. . As the energy value increases, the peak-to-peak value and the power value increase proportionally. The minimum peak value is continuously decreased in the graph, but this eventually indicates that the potential difference increases. The graph shows that the intensity of the electric field increases with increasing energy of the laser beam.

FIG. 16 is a graph showing a voltage signal of an electric field when the magnitude of the potential changes. Specifically, FIG. 16 shows the state of the electric field measured when the plasma generation energy shown in FIG. 14 is kept constant and the DC potential applied to the copper plate is changed. In the future, when air plasma is used for humans, that is, a certain amount of electric potential is given to the skin and plasma is generated in the vicinity of the skin, tactile sensation is generated, and various tactile sensations may be caused by controlling the frequency and size of plasma It is the data that can be inferred that there is.

Similar to the result shown in FIG. 15, the peak, the peak-to-peak value, and the power value are increased as the potential difference between the electrode plates increases. Respectively.

FIG. 17 shows experimental results for measuring the extent to which a person can sense a somatic sensation according to the energy intensity value of the laser beam.

According to this, the results were obtained by monitoring whether or not a plurality of subjects could feel somatosensory or tactile sensation according to the distance from the air plasma. The subjects placed their fingers apart from the air plasma at intervals of 1 mm, The experiment was done in answering way.

It can be seen that when the energy intensity of the laser beam is 35 mJ, the laser beam can feel a touch to the point 5 mm away from the center, about 8 mm away at 50 mJ, and about 10 mm away at 65 mJ.

That is, as the intensity of the laser increases, the influence of the shock wave and the electric field can be extended to a wider region, which means that the region that can affect the medium can be controlled by controlling the intensity of the laser do.

With reference to the drawings, an environment in which various tactile sensations can be induced by the stereoscopic image display device according to the present invention has been described. The embodiments of the present invention described above are disclosed for the purpose of illustration, and the present invention is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

10:
20: Coordinate generator
30: air plasma generator
40: lens
50: medium

Claims (10)

A movement tracking unit for irradiating light to a subject, receiving light reflected from the subject, and tracking the movement of the subject;
A coordinate generator for generating a three-dimensional coordinate indicating a position of movement of the subject; And
And an air plasma generator for receiving the three-dimensional coordinates from the coordinate generator and irradiating the pulsed laser continuously or periodically on the three-dimensional coordinates to generate air plasma along the movement of the subject,
Wherein the air plasma continues for a predetermined time to form a stereoscopic image along with the motion of the subject,
Wherein the air plasma generates a shock wave and an electric field, and induces a somatosensory sensation of a human skin existing in a region affected by the shock wave and the electric field.
The method according to claim 1,
And a lens for collecting the laser beam irradiated from the air plasma generating unit at one point to induce air plasma generation.
2. The stereoscopic image display device according to claim 1,
A laser output unit for outputting the pulse laser; And
And a controller for controlling the pulse laser to output on the three-dimensional coordinate.
The apparatus of claim 3,
A frequency controller for controlling a pulse frequency per unit time of the pulse laser;
An energy controller for controlling an energy intensity of the pulse laser; And
And a diameter control unit for controlling the diameter of the pulse laser.
The method of claim 3,
Wherein the controller controls the frequency, energy, and diameter of the laser to control the size and duration of the air plasma.
delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the shock wave excites details in the human skin to induce an action potential in the peripheral nerve to induce a state change of the human skin.
8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the electric field generates intracellular potential of the human skin and induces an action potential in the peripheral nerve stimulated by the generated electric potential to induce a state change of the human skin.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the pulse laser has a wavelength of 1064 nm.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the pulse laser has an energy intensity ranging from 35 mJ to 65 mJ.

Images