KR101926838B1 - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device in which a partial channel electrode along with a fine pattern is formed on a pixel electrode to widen the viewing angle and side visibility of the liquid crystal display device and to increase the response speed, Reduce the texture that occurs at the center of the pixel.

Description

[0001] LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DEVICE [0002]

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device.

2. Description of the Related Art [0002] A liquid crystal display device is one of the most widely used flat panel display devices, and includes two display panels having field generating electrodes such as a pixel electrode and a common electrode, and a liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween. The liquid crystal display displays an image by applying a voltage to the electric field generating electrode to apply an electric field to the liquid crystal layer to determine the direction of the liquid crystal molecules and controlling the polarization of the incident light.

Among liquid crystal display devices, vertically aligned mode liquid crystal display devices in which liquid crystal molecules are arranged so that their long axes are perpendicular to a display panel in the absence of an electric field have been developed.

In the vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device, securing a wide viewing angle is an important problem. For this purpose, a method such as forming a slit such as a fine slit in the electric field generating electrode is used. Since the incisions and the projections determine the tilt direction of the liquid crystal molecules, the viewing angle can be widened by appropriately disposing them and dispersing the oblique direction of the liquid crystal molecules in various directions.

In the case of forming a fine slit in the pixel electrode so as to have a plurality of branched electrodes, the aperture ratio of the liquid crystal display device is reduced, and as a result, the transmittance is also lowered.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device having improved transmittance and aperture ratio and reduced texture.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal display comprising: a substrate; A pixel electrode formed on the substrate, the pixel electrode including a plurality of micro branched electrodes extending from the partial passage electrode and the partial passage electrode; And a step providing means disposed between the substrate and the pixel electrode.

The step providing unit may be formed on an organic insulating film between the substrate and the pixel electrode.

The step providing means may be a cross-shaped protrusion on the organic insulating film.

The step providing means may further include a step providing groove which shares a side face with the cross-shaped protrusion.

And the partial passage electrode may cover the step providing groove.

The step-providing groove may have a depth of 3000 ANGSTROM or more.

The step providing groove may have a tapered side wall.

The bottom providing groove may be inclined at a predetermined inclination in an integrated manner with the side face.

The step providing means may be a cross-shaped groove on the organic insulating film.

The cross-shaped grooves may have a depth of 100 Å or more and 3000 Å or less.

The cross-shaped groove may have a tapered side wall.

The step providing unit may be formed on a color filter disposed between the substrate and the pixel electrode.

An insulating film covering the step providing wirings and the step providing wirings is formed between the substrate and the pixel electrodes and the step providing means may be a step formed on the insulating film due to the step providing wirings.

The step difference providing wiring may have a cross shape, and the step providing means may be a cross shape protrusion formed on the insulating film, and the step providing wiring may have a thickness of 3000 to 4000 Å.

A gate line formed on the substrate and extending in a first direction, and a data line intersecting the gate line and extending in the second direction, wherein the step providing wiring is formed on the same layer as the gate line, As shown in FIG.

And a sustain voltage line formed in the same layer as the gate line and extending in the first direction and having a sustain electrode, and the sustain electrode may be electrically connected to the step providing line.

A gate line formed on the substrate and extending in a first direction, and a data line intersecting the gate line and extending in the second direction, wherein the step providing wiring is formed in the same layer as the data line As shown in FIG.

A gate line formed on the substrate and extending in a first direction, and a data line intersecting the gate line and extending in the second direction, wherein the step providing wiring is formed on the same layer as the gate line, And a portion formed in the same layer as the data line.

And a sustain voltage line formed in the same layer as the gate line and extending in the first direction and having a sustain electrode, wherein the sustain electrode is electrically connected to a portion formed in the same layer as the gate line, .

The shape of the partial passage electrode and the shape of the step-providing groove may correspond to each other.

The partly communicating electrode may have a polygonal shape or a circular shape such as a tetragonal shape or an octagonal shape such as rhombus.

The fine branch electrode connected to the partial passage electrode may be formed at a predetermined angle.

The angle between the one side of the partial passage electrode and the fine branched electrode may be 90 ± 15 degrees.

A color filter may be formed between the substrate and the organic insulating film.

An opposite substrate facing the substrate; And a liquid crystal layer formed between the substrate and the counter substrate, wherein an alignment film is formed on a portion of the substrate and the counter substrate that is in contact with the liquid crystal layer, and the liquid crystal layer or the alignment layer And a linear gradient polymer that is polymerized by light.

The width of the partial passage electrode in the lateral direction may be larger than the width in the longitudinal direction.

The pixel electrode includes a first sub-pixel electrode and a second sub-pixel electrode, wherein the first sub-pixel electrode and the second sub-pixel electrode each have a sub-channel electrode and a plurality of fine branches extending from the sub- And the step providing groove and the cross-shaped protrusion corresponding to the partial passage electrode may be provided as the step providing means.

The sub-pixel electrode may be in contact with at least one of side surfaces of the first sub-pixel electrode or the second sub-pixel electrode.

The width of the partial passage electrode in the lateral direction may be larger than the width in the longitudinal direction.

At least one of the first sub-pixel electrode and the second sub-pixel electrode may have a greater width in the vertical direction than a width in the horizontal direction.

The width of the sub-channel electrode of the sub-pixel having the larger width in the vertical direction may be greater than the width in the width direction.

The sub-pixel electrode may be in contact with at least one of side faces of the sub-pixel electrode located in the sub-pixel having a larger width in the vertical direction.

In the sub-pixel having a larger width in the vertical direction, a plurality of the partial channel electrodes may be connected in the vertical direction.

The sub-pixel electrode may be in contact with at least one of side faces of the sub-pixel electrode located in the sub-pixel having a larger width in the vertical direction.

The four partial portions of the X-shaped portion may become narrower toward the outer side from the center of the pixel electrode, respectively.

The fine branch electrode connected to the partial passage electrode may be formed at an angle parallel to the adjacent sides of the partial passage electrode.

As described above, by forming the partial passage electrodes together with the fine pattern on the pixel electrode, the viewing angle and lateral visibility of the liquid crystal display device are widened and the response speed is increased. In addition, since the opening and the cross protrusion are formed in the color filter, White brightness is improved, and a cross-protrusion is used to reduce the texture generated at the center of the pixel.

1 is a layout diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of experiments using the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG.
4 is a layout diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a cross-sectional view cut along the line VV in Fig.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of experiments using the embodiments of FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG.
7 is a layout diagram of a liquid crystal display according to another embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII in Fig.
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the results of experiments using the embodiments of FIGS. 7 and 8. FIG.
FIG. 10 is a layout diagram showing a detailed wiring part of a liquid crystal display according to another embodiment of the present invention.
11 to 16 are cross-sectional views of a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention and a mask used to manufacture the same.
17 is a layout diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
18 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XVIII-XVIII in Fig.
FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the results of experiments using the embodiments of FIGS. 17 and 18. FIG.
20 to 24 are enlarged views of the structure of a pixel electrode in a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
25 to 32 are diagrams showing a circuit diagram and a layout diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 33 is a view showing a process of making liquid crystal molecules have line inclination by using a prepolymer polymerized by light such as ultraviolet rays. FIG.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The above and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings in which: FIG. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

In the drawings, the thickness is enlarged to clearly represent the layers and regions. Like parts are designated with like reference numerals throughout the specification. It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, plate, or the like is referred to as being "on" another portion, it includes not only the element directly over another element, Conversely, when a part is "directly over" another part, it means that there is no other part in the middle.

A liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG.

FIG. 1 is a layout view of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.

1 and 2, the liquid crystal display according to the present embodiment includes a lower panel 100 and an upper panel 200 facing each other, a liquid crystal layer 3 interposed between the two panels 100 and 200, And a pair of polarizers (not shown) attached to the outer surfaces of the display panels 100 and 200.

First, the lower panel 100 will be described.

A gate line 121 and a holding voltage line 131 are formed on the insulating substrate 110. The gate line 121 includes a first gate electrode 124a, a second gate electrode 124b, and a third gate electrode 124c. The sustain voltage line 131 includes sustain electrodes 135a, 135b, and 135c and includes a downwardly extending capacitive electrode 134. [ The sustaining voltage line 131 includes two first vertical sustaining electrode portions 135a extending upward, a horizontal sustaining electrode portion 135b connecting the two first vertical sustaining electrode portions 135a and the horizontal sustaining electrode portions 135b And two second vertical sustaining electrode portions 135c extending upward from the second vertical sustaining electrode portion 135c.

The first longitudinal sustaining electrode portion 135a is formed along the longitudinal edge of the first pixel electrode 191h formed on the upper portion and the second longitudinal sustaining electrode portion 135c is formed along the longitudinal edge of the second pixel electrode 191l. Respectively. On the other hand, the lateral sustain electrode portion 135b is located between the horizontal edge of the front-end second pixel electrode 191l and the horizontal edge of the first-stage first pixel electrode 191h, and is formed along two horizontal edges.

As a result, the first vertical sustaining electrode portion 135a and the lateral sustaining electrode portion 135b are formed along the edge of the first pixel electrode 191h and at least partially overlap the first pixel electrode 191h, The sustain electrode portion 135c and the lateral sustain electrode portion 135b are formed along the edge of the second pixel electrode 191l and at least partially overlap with the second pixel electrode 191l.

Although it is shown that the horizontal sustain electrode portion 135b located at the upper portion and the horizontal sustain electrode portion 135b located at the lower portion in FIG. 1 are separated from each other, And is electrically connected to the sustain electrode unit 135b.

A gate insulating film 140 is formed on the gate line 121 and the sustaining voltage line 131. The first semiconductor 154a, the second semiconductor 154b, and the third semiconductor 154c are formed on the gate insulating film 140. In addition,

A plurality of resistive contact members (not shown) are formed on the first semiconductor 154a, the second semiconductor 154b, and the third semiconductor 154c.

The first source electrode 173a and the second source electrode 173b are formed on the semiconductor (the first semiconductor 154a, the second semiconductor 154b, and the third semiconductor 154c), the resistive contact members 163a, 165a, A first drain electrode 175a, a second drain electrode 175b, a third source electrode 173c and a third drain electrode 175c including a first source electrode 173b and a second source electrode 173b. The data conductors 171, 173c, 175a, 175b, and 175c are formed.

The first gate electrode 124a, the first source electrode 173a and the first drain electrode 175a together with the first semiconductor 154a form a first thin film transistor Qa, Is formed in the semiconductor portion 154a between the first source electrode 173a and the first drain electrode 175a. Similarly, the second gate electrode 124b, the second source electrode 173b, and the second drain electrode 175b together with the second semiconductor 154b form a second thin film transistor Qb, The third source electrode 173c and the third drain electrode 175b are formed in the semiconductor portion 154b between the second source electrode 173b and the second drain electrode 175b. The channel 175c forms a third thin film transistor Qc together with the third semiconductor 154c and the channel of the thin film transistor is connected to the semiconductor portion 154c between the third source electrode 173c and the third drain electrode 175c. As shown in FIG.

A color filter 230 and a protective film 180 are sequentially formed on the gate insulating film 140, the data conductors 171, 173c, 175a, 175b and 175c and the exposed semiconductor layers 154a, 154b and 154c. The color filter 230 may display one of the primary colors, such as the three primary colors of red, green, and blue. However, it is not limited to the three primary colors of red, green, and blue, and one of cyan, magenta, yellow, and white colors may be displayed. Meanwhile, the protective layer 180 may be formed of an inorganic insulating material or an organic insulating material such as silicon nitride and silicon oxide. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, an organic insulating layer containing an organic insulating material is used as a reference.

In FIG. 1, a step difference providing groove 185h, 185l and a step difference providing groove 185h, 185l are formed in the protective film 180, Shaped projecting portion 182 is a step providing means. The step difference providing grooves 185h and 185l have a right triangular structure as shown in FIG. 1 and are symmetrically formed in a diagonal direction with respect to each other. As a result, a cross-shaped protrusion 182 is formed in the protective film 180.

The color filter 230 and the protective film 180 are provided with a first contact hole 184a for exposing the first drain electrode 175a, a second drain electrode 175b and a third drain electrode 175c, A contact hole 184b and a third contact hole 184c are formed. The protective film 180 is formed with an opening 189 through which the gas emitted from the color filter 230 can be collected. Referring to FIG. 1, a pair of openings 189 may be formed in one pixel.

On the passivation layer 180, a pixel electrode 191 including a first sub-pixel electrode 191h and a second sub-pixel electrode 191l is formed. The first sub-pixel electrode 191h and the second sub-pixel electrode 191l have a plurality of sub-pixel electrodes 192h and 192l and a plurality of sub-pixel electrodes 192h and 192l protruding obliquely from the sub- And includes fine branch electrodes 193h and 193l.

The first sub-pixel electrode 191h is formed with a first sub-branch electrode 192h and a plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h located in a square region. The first sub-pixel electrode 191h has a first connection portion 197h And is connected to the wide end of the first drain electrode 175a.

The first partial plate electrode 192h has a rhomboid shape, and the center of the rectangular plate electrode 192h is positioned at the center of the square region, and each vertex of the rhombic shape meets the boundary of the square region. The first partial communication electrode 192h covers the first step-providing groove 185h of the protective film 180 and the first projecting portion 182h of the cross shape. As a result, the first partial passage electrode 192h has the step provided by the first step-providing groove 185h of the protective film 180 and the first protrusion 182h of the cross shape. (See FIG. 2). Here, the first projecting portion 182h in the form of a cross has a function of controlling the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules by providing a line inclination to the liquid crystal molecules located at the center of the square region, and as a result, the texture is reduced.

A plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h extend in the oblique direction of the first partial communication electrode 192h. The plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h fill the remaining area of the square area and form an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the gate line 121 or the data line 171. The first sub- Is formed at an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the sides.

1, the first sub-pixel electrode 191h includes a first sub-pixel electrode 192h and a first micro branch electrode 193h connecting the ends of the plurality of first microscopic branch electrodes 193h vertically or horizontally, A connecting portion 194h is formed. The first fine interconnection 194h overlaps the first sub-pixel electrode 191h and the lower sustain electrodes 135a and 135b to form a storage capacitor. However, according to the embodiment, the first connecting portion 194h may be omitted, and at this time, the plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h protrude to the outside.

On the other hand, the second sub-pixel electrode 191l includes a second partial channel electrode 192l and a plurality of second micro branched electrodes 193l located in a vertically elongated rectangular region, And is connected to the wide end of the second drain electrode 175l by the second connection part 197l.

The second partial passage electrode 192l is positioned at the center of the rectangular area and has a rhombic shape connecting the centers of the respective sides of the rectangular area. As a result, each vertex of the rhombic shape meets the boundary of the rectangular region, and the width of the second partial communication electrode 192l in the vertical direction is larger than the width in the horizontal direction. The second partial passage electrode 192l covers the second step-providing groove 185l of the protective film 180 and the second projecting portion 182l in a cross shape. As a result, the second partial passage electrode 192l has the step provided by the second step-providing groove 185l of the protective film 180 and the second projecting portion 1821 of the cross shape. (See FIG. 2)

A plurality of second micro branched electrodes 193l extend in the oblique direction of the second partial channel electrode 192l. The plurality of second fine branched electrodes 193l fill the remaining area of the rectangular area and form an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the gate line 121 or the data line 171. The second fine branched electrodes 193l And the angle of 90 占 퐉 to 15 占 with respect to the sides of the bar.

In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the second sub-pixel electrode 191l is connected to the second sub-pixel electrodes 192l and the second fine branched electrodes 193l in the vertical or horizontal direction, A connection portion 1941 is formed. The second fine interconnection 194l overlaps the second sub-pixel electrode 191l and the lower sustain electrodes 135b and 135c to form a storage capacitor. However, according to the embodiment, the second connection portion 1941 may be omitted, and at this time, the plurality of second micro branched electrodes 193l protrude to the outside.

The first sub-pixel electrode 191h and the second sub-pixel electrode 191l are physically and electrically connected to the first drain electrode 175a and the second drain electrode 175b through the contact holes 184a and 184b, respectively And receives a data voltage from the first drain electrode 175a and the second drain electrode 175b. A portion of the data voltage applied to the second drain electrode 175b is divided through the third source electrode 173c so that the magnitude of the voltage applied to the second sub- And 191h, respectively. Here, the area of the second sub-pixel electrode 191l may be at least 1 times and at most 2 times the area of the first sub-pixel electrode 191h.

The sustain electrode connecting member 139 connects the protruding portion 134 and the third drain electrode 175c of the sustaining voltage line 131 to each other through the contact hole 184c. The sustain voltage Vcst is applied to the protrusion 134 of the sustain voltage line 131 so that the sustain voltage Vcst has a constant voltage value and the third thin film transistor Qc is connected to the third drain electrode 175c through the third drain electrode 175c. The sustain voltage Vcst is applied. As a result, the voltage applied to the second sub-pixel can be lowered.

A cover portion 199 covering the opening portion 189 may be formed on the opening portion 189 of the protective film 180. The lid part 199 is formed to prevent the gas emitted from the color filter 230 from being transmitted to other elements. According to FIG. 1, a pair of lid parts 199 may be formed on one pixel . The pixel electrode 191 and the lid 199 may be made of a transparent conductive material such as ITO or IZO. Depending on the embodiment, the opening 189 and the lid 199 may be omitted.

On the pixel electrode 191, a lower alignment film (not shown) is formed. The lower alignment layer may be a vertical alignment layer and may be an alignment layer containing a photoreactive material. The photoactive material is described in FIG. 33, which will be described later.

Next, the upper display panel 200 will be described.

A light blocking member 220 is located under the insulating substrate 210. The light shielding member 220 is also called a black matrix and blocks light leakage. The light shielding member 220 extends up and down along the gate line 121 and the decompression gate line 123 and includes a first thin film transistor Qh, a second thin film transistor Ql, and a third thin film transistor Qc. And covers the periphery of the data line 171. The data lines 171 and 171 are formed on the data lines 171 and 171, respectively. The area where the light shielding member 220 is not covered is an area for displaying an image by emitting light to the outside.

A planarization layer 250 is formed under the light shielding member 220 to provide a planarized lower surface formed of an organic material.

A common electrode 270 formed of a transparent conductive material is formed on the lower surface of the planarization layer 250.

An upper alignment layer (not shown) is formed under the common electrode 270. The upper alignment layer may be a vertical alignment layer and may be a photo alignment layer using a photopolymerizable material.

A polarizer (not shown) is provided on the outer surface of the two display panels 100 and 200, and the transmission axes of the two polarizers are orthogonal, and one of the two transmission axes is parallel to the gate line 121. However, the polarizer may be disposed only on the outer surface of any one of the two display panels 100 and 200.

The first sub-pixel electrode 191h and the second sub-pixel electrode 191l to which the data voltage is applied generate an electric field together with the common electrode 270 of the common electrode panel 200, The liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 3 oriented so as to be perpendicular to the surfaces of the liquid crystal molecules 191 and 270 are laid down in a horizontal direction with respect to the surfaces of the two electrodes 191 and 270, The brightness of the light passing through the layer 3 is changed.

The liquid crystal display device may further include a spacing member for maintaining the cell spacing between the two display panels 100 and 200. The spacing member is attached to the upper panel 200 or the lower panel 100. [

The liquid crystal layer 3 sandwiched between the lower panel 100 and the upper panel 200 includes liquid crystal molecules 31 having negative dielectric anisotropy.

The liquid crystal layer 3 or the alignment film (not shown) may further comprise a polymer polymerized with light such as ultraviolet rays. The polymer contained in the liquid crystal layer 3 serves to provide a pretilt angle to the liquid crystal layer 3, and a method for providing a pretilt angle in FIG. 33 to be described later will be described in detail. That is, when the alignment direction is sufficiently controlled even without the polymer provided by the liquid crystal layer 3, the polymer layer 3 may not contain the intermediate filler.

In the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2, the step providing means is formed in the protective film 180 as the organic insulating film, and the step providing grooves 185h and 185l and the stepped grooves 185h and 185l, Shaped projections 182h and 182l.

However, it has been experimentally examined whether the transmittance increases with the smallest texture when the step (see FIG. 2 d) is provided, and this is shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of experiments using the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG.

3, "passi" means a passivation layer 180 which is an organic insulating layer. In FIG. 3, the upper two layers represent a case where the protective layer 180, which is an organic insulating layer, is formed to a thickness of 1000 Å, And a protective film 180 which is an insulating film is formed to 4000 angstroms.

3, when a step is provided by a step-providing groove and a cross-shaped protruding part as in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, if a step of about 1000 Å is provided, the texture can not be controlled and the transmittance is decreased. It can be seen that the texture is controlled and the transmittance is high. In addition, in the case of providing the step difference between the step-providing groove and the cross-shaped protrusion as in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, the greater the step, the stronger the control force of the liquid crystal molecules provided by the step, And the transmittance was found to be higher than a certain level.

1 and 2, a step-providing groove and a cross-shaped protrusion are formed in the passivation layer 180, which is an organic insulating layer, and a step-providing groove and a cross-shaped protrusion can be formed in the color filter 230. At this time, the protective film 180 on the color filter 230 may be formed of an inorganic insulating material or may be omitted. Even if a step providing section is formed by using a step-providing groove and a cross-shaped projection in the color filter 230, the step is provided by providing a step difference of 3000 ANGSTROM or more as shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4 through FIG.

FIG. 4 is a layout diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line V-V of FIG.

4 and 5 are different from the embodiment of Figs. 1 and 2 in that cross-shaped grooves 182-1h and 182-1l are formed as steps providing means.

4 and 5, the liquid crystal display according to the present embodiment includes a lower panel 100 and an upper panel 200 facing each other, a liquid crystal layer 3 interposed between the two panels 100 and 200, And a pair of polarizers (not shown) attached to the outer surfaces of the display panels 100 and 200. Since the upper panel 200 of the embodiment of FIGS. 4 and 5 is the same as that of FIGS. 1 and 2, it will not be described separately.

Hereinafter, the lower panel 100 will be described. The layered structure from the insulating substrate 110 to the color filter 230 in the lower panel 100 is the same as the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2.

That is, the gate line 121 and the holding voltage line 131 are formed on the insulating substrate 110. The gate line 121 includes a first gate electrode 124a, a second gate electrode 124b, and a third gate electrode 124c. The sustain voltage line 131 includes sustain electrodes 135a, 135b, and 135c and includes a downwardly extending capacitive electrode 134. [ The sustaining voltage line 131 includes two first vertical sustaining electrode portions 135a extending upward, a horizontal sustaining electrode portion 135b connecting the two first vertical sustaining electrode portions 135a and the horizontal sustaining electrode portions 135b And two second vertical sustaining electrode portions 135c extending upward from the second vertical sustaining electrode portion 135c.

The first longitudinal sustaining electrode portion 135a is formed along the longitudinal edge of the first pixel electrode 191h formed on the upper portion and the second longitudinal sustaining electrode portion 135c is formed along the longitudinal edge of the second pixel electrode 191l. Respectively. On the other hand, the lateral sustain electrode portion 135b is located between the horizontal edge of the front-end second pixel electrode 191l and the horizontal edge of the first-stage first pixel electrode 191h, and is formed along two horizontal edges.

As a result, the first vertical sustaining electrode portion 135a and the lateral sustaining electrode portion 135b are formed along the edge of the first pixel electrode 191h and at least partially overlap the first pixel electrode 191h, The sustain electrode portion 135c and the lateral sustain electrode portion 135b are formed along the edge of the second pixel electrode 191l and at least partially overlap with the second pixel electrode 191l.

Although it is shown that the horizontal sustain electrode portion 135b located at the upper portion and the horizontal sustain electrode portion 135b located at the lower portion in Figure 4 are separated from each other, And is electrically connected to the sustain electrode unit 135b.

A gate insulating film 140 is formed on the gate line 121 and the sustaining voltage line 131. The first semiconductor 154a, the second semiconductor 154b, and the third semiconductor 154c are formed on the gate insulating film 140. In addition,

A plurality of resistive contact members (not shown) are formed on the first semiconductor 154a, the second semiconductor 154b, and the third semiconductor 154c.

The first source electrode 173a and the second source electrode 173b are formed on the semiconductor (the first semiconductor 154a, the second semiconductor 154b, and the third semiconductor 154c), the resistive contact members 163a, 165a, A first drain electrode 175a, a second drain electrode 175b, a third source electrode 173c and a third drain electrode 175c including a first source electrode 173b and a second source electrode 173b. The data conductors 171, 173c, 175a, 175b, and 175c are formed.

The first gate electrode 124a, the first source electrode 173a and the first drain electrode 175a together with the first semiconductor 154a form a first thin film transistor Qa, Is formed in the semiconductor portion 154a between the first source electrode 173a and the first drain electrode 175a. Similarly, the second gate electrode 124b, the second source electrode 173b, and the second drain electrode 175b together with the second semiconductor 154b form a second thin film transistor Qb, The third source electrode 173c and the third drain electrode 175b are formed in the semiconductor portion 154b between the second source electrode 173b and the second drain electrode 175b. The channel 175c forms a third thin film transistor Qc together with the third semiconductor 154c and the channel of the thin film transistor is connected to the semiconductor portion 154c between the third source electrode 173c and the third drain electrode 175c. As shown in FIG.

A color filter 230 and a protective film 180 are sequentially formed on the gate insulating film 140, the data conductors 171, 173c, 175a, 175b and 175c and the exposed semiconductor layers 154a, 154b and 154c. The color filter 230 may display one of the primary colors, such as the three primary colors of red, green, and blue. However, it is not limited to the three primary colors of red, green, and blue, and one of cyan, magenta, yellow, and white colors may be displayed. Meanwhile, the protective layer 180 may be formed of an inorganic insulating material or an organic insulating material such as silicon nitride and silicon oxide. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, an organic insulating layer containing an organic insulating material is used as a reference.

In the protective film 180 which is an organic insulating film, a step providing means for providing a step on the layer formed thereon is formed. In FIG. 4, only the cross-shaped grooves 182-1h and 182-1l are steps providing means. The cross-shaped grooves 182-1h and 182-1l are formed in a cross shape and have a predetermined depth d as shown in FIGS. 5, cross-shaped grooves 182-1h and 182-1l as steps providing means are etched to entirely cover the protective film 180, which is an organic insulating film, so that a protective film 180 is formed under the cruciform grooves 182-1h and 182-1l. The color filter 230 is directly formed without the barrier rib 180. However, according to an embodiment, the barrier rib 180 may have a predetermined thickness.

The color filter 230 and the protective film 180 are provided with a first contact hole 184a for exposing the first drain electrode 175a, a second drain electrode 175b and a third drain electrode 175c, A contact hole 184b and a third contact hole 184c are formed.

On the passivation layer 180, a pixel electrode 191 including a first sub-pixel electrode 191h and a second sub-pixel electrode 191l is formed. The first sub-pixel electrode 191h and the second sub-pixel electrode 191l have a plurality of sub-pixel electrodes 192h and 192l and a plurality of sub-pixel electrodes 192h and 192l protruding obliquely from the sub- And includes fine branch electrodes 193h and 193l.

The first sub-pixel electrode 191h is formed with a first sub-branch electrode 192h and a plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h located in a square region. The first sub-pixel electrode 191h has a first connection portion 197h And is connected to the wide end of the first drain electrode 175a.

The first partial plate electrode 192h has a rhomboid shape, and the center of the rectangular plate electrode 192h is positioned at the center of the square region, and each vertex of the rhombic shape meets the boundary of the square region. In addition, the first partial passage electrode 192h covers the first cross-shaped groove 182-1h of the protective film 180. [ As a result, the first partial passage electrode 192h has the step provided by the first cross-shaped groove 182-1h of the protective film 180 as it is. (See FIG. 5). Here, the first cross-shaped grooves 182-1h serve to control the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules by providing a linear gradient to the liquid crystal molecules positioned at the center of the square region, and as a result, the texture is reduced .

A plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h extend in the oblique direction of the first partial communication electrode 192h. The plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h fill the remaining area of the square area and form an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the gate line 121 or the data line 171. The first sub- Is formed at an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the sides.

4, the first sub-pixel electrode 191h includes a first sub-pixel electrode 192h and a first micro branch electrode 193h connecting the ends of the plurality of first microscopic branch electrodes 193h vertically or horizontally, A connecting portion 194h is formed. The first fine interconnection 194h overlaps the first sub-pixel electrode 191h and the lower sustain electrodes 135a and 135b to form a storage capacitor. However, according to the embodiment, the first connecting portion 194h may be omitted, and at this time, the plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h protrude to the outside.

On the other hand, the second sub-pixel electrode 191l includes a second partial channel electrode 192l and a plurality of second micro branched electrodes 193l located in a vertically elongated rectangular region, And is connected to the wide end of the second drain electrode 175l by the second connection part 197l.

The second partial passage electrode 192l is positioned at the center of the rectangular area and has a rhombic shape connecting the centers of the respective sides of the rectangular area. As a result, each vertex of the rhombic shape meets the boundaries of the rectangular region. In addition, the second partial passage electrode 192l covers the second cross-shaped groove 182-1l of the protective film 180. [ As a result, the second partial passage electrode 192l has the step provided by the second cruciform groove 182-1l of the protective film 180 as it is. (See FIG. 5)

A plurality of second micro branched electrodes 193l extend in the oblique direction of the second partial channel electrode 192l. The plurality of second fine branched electrodes 193l fill the remaining area of the rectangular area and form an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the gate line 121 or the data line 171. The second fine branched electrodes 193l And the angle of 90 占 퐉 to 15 占 with respect to the sides of the bar.

4, the second sub-pixel electrode 191l includes a second micro-branched electrode 192l and a second micro-branched electrode 1931 connecting the ends of the plurality of second micro-branched electrodes 193l vertically or horizontally, A connection portion 1941 is formed. The second fine interconnection 194l overlaps the second sub-pixel electrode 191l and the lower sustain electrodes 135b and 135c to form a storage capacitor. However, according to the embodiment, the second connection portion 1941 may be omitted, and at this time, the plurality of second micro branched electrodes 193l protrude to the outside.

The first sub-pixel electrode 191h and the second sub-pixel electrode 191l are physically and electrically connected to the first drain electrode 175a and the second drain electrode 175b through the contact holes 184a and 184b, respectively And receives a data voltage from the first drain electrode 175a and the second drain electrode 175b. A portion of the data voltage applied to the second drain electrode 175b is divided through the third source electrode 173c so that the magnitude of the voltage applied to the second sub- And 191h, respectively. Here, the area of the second sub-pixel electrode 191l may be at least 1 times and at most 2 times the area of the first sub-pixel electrode 191h.

On the pixel electrode 191, a lower alignment film (not shown) is formed. The lower alignment layer may be a vertical alignment layer and may be an alignment layer containing a photoreactive material. The photoactive material is described in FIG. 33, which will be described later.

4 and 5, the step providing means is formed on the passivation layer 180, which is an organic insulating layer, and includes cross-shaped grooves 182-1h and 182-1l.

However, it has been experimentally examined whether the transmittance increases with the smallest texture when the step (see FIG. 5 d) is provided, and this is shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of experiments using the embodiments of FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG.

In Fig. 6, "passi" means a protective film 180 which is an organic insulating film, and "Nega " means that a cruciform groove is formed as a step providing means. As shown in FIG. 6, as the depth of the cross-shaped grooves becomes deeper, the control force for controlling the liquid crystal molecules becomes weaker, and a lot of textures are generated. Therefore, when the cross-shaped grooves are formed by the step providing means, it is preferable to form the grooves with a depth of 3000 angstroms.

4 and 5, the cross-shaped grooves are formed in the passivation layer 180, which is an organic insulating layer, by means of providing a step. However, it is also possible to form cross-shaped grooves in the color filter 230. At this time, the protective film 180 on the color filter 230 may be formed of an inorganic insulating material or may be omitted. Even if the color filter 230 is provided with a cross-shaped groove step-providing means, as shown in FIG. 6, it is necessary to provide a step difference of 3000 ANGSTROM or less to reduce the texture. Since the cross-shaped grooves have a minimum depth, it is preferable to have a depth of 100 angstroms or more.

Hereinafter, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 7 through FIG.

FIG. 7 is a layout diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII of FIG.

7 and 8 are different from the embodiments of FIGS. 1, 2, 4 and 5 in that stepwise providing wiring means is formed by providing a step providing wiring in the same layer as the gate line, This is the case where a step is formed on the insulating film / protective film.

7 and 8, unlike the embodiment of FIGS. 1, 2, 4 and 5, the color filter 230 is not formed on the lower panel 100 but is formed on the upper panel 200 do. In this embodiment, the color filter 230 may be formed on the lower display panel 100, but in this case, it is preferable that the color filter 230 is located on the lower side (the substrate side) than the wiring providing the step difference. This is because, when the color filter 230 is formed on the wiring of the gate line or the like, the step provided by the step-providing wiring may not have a step at the position where the pixel electrode is formed due to the planarization characteristic of the color filter 230 . In addition, forming an insulating film / protective film including an inorganic material rather than a protective film / insulating film including an organic material on a wiring such as a gate line can transfer the step provided by the step providing wiring to the position where the pixel electrode is formed. As a result, in the embodiment of FIGS. 7 and 8, the gate insulating layer 140 and the passivation layer 180 are formed of an inorganic material.

7 and 8, the liquid crystal display according to the present embodiment includes a lower panel 100 and an upper panel 200 facing each other, a liquid crystal layer 3 interposed between the two panels 100 and 200, And a pair of polarizers (not shown) attached to the outer surfaces of the display panels 100 and 200.

First, the lower panel 100 will be described.

A gate line 121, a holding voltage line 131, and step-providing wirings 132h and 132l are formed on an insulating substrate 110. [ The gate line 121 includes a first gate electrode 124a, a second gate electrode 124b, and a third gate electrode 124c. The sustain voltage line 131 includes sustain electrodes 135a, 135b, and 135c and includes a downwardly extending capacitive electrode 134. [ The sustaining voltage line 131 includes two first vertical sustaining electrode portions 135a extending upward, a horizontal sustaining electrode portion 135b connecting the two first vertical sustaining electrode portions 135a and the horizontal sustaining electrode portions 135b And two second vertical sustaining electrode portions 135c extending upward from the second vertical sustaining electrode portion 135c. The first longitudinal sustaining electrode portion 135a is formed along the longitudinal edge of the first pixel electrode 191h formed on the upper portion and the second longitudinal sustaining electrode portion 135c is formed along the longitudinal edge of the second pixel electrode 191l. Respectively. On the other hand, the lateral sustain electrode portion 135b is located between the horizontal edge of the front-end second pixel electrode 191l and the horizontal edge of the first-stage first pixel electrode 191h, and is formed along two horizontal edges. As a result, the first vertical sustaining electrode portion 135a and the lateral sustaining electrode portion 135b are formed along the edge of the first pixel electrode 191h and at least partially overlap the first pixel electrode 191h, The sustain electrode portion 135c and the lateral sustain electrode portion 135b are formed along the edge of the second pixel electrode 191l and at least partially overlap with the second pixel electrode 191l. Although it is shown that the horizontal sustain electrode portion 135b located at the upper portion and the horizontal sustain electrode portion 135b located at the lower portion in FIG. 1 are separated from each other, And is electrically connected to the sustain electrode unit 135b.

The step difference providing wirings 132h and 132l are formed of the same material in the same layer as the gate line 121 and the holding voltage line 131. In the embodiment of Fig. 7, the sustain electrodes 135a, 135b, 135c. That is, the first step-providing wiring 132h has a cross shape, and the four ends are connected to the first vertical sustaining electrode portion 135a, the lateral sustaining electrode portion 135b, and the sustaining voltage line 131, respectively. On the other hand, the second step-providing wiring 132l has a cross shape, and three of the four ends are connected to the second vertical sustain electrode part 135c and the horizontal sustain electrode part 135b, respectively, The ends are not connected.

The step difference providing wirings 132h and 132l may be formed to have a constant thickness to provide a step on the upper insulating film / protective film, which will be described with reference to FIG.

A gate insulating film 140 formed of an inorganic insulating material is formed on the gate line 121, the holding voltage line 131, and the step providing wirings 132h and 132l. The first semiconductor 154a, the second semiconductor 154b, and the third semiconductor 154c are formed on the gate insulating film 140. In addition,

A plurality of resistive contact members (not shown) are formed on the first semiconductor 154a, the second semiconductor 154b, and the third semiconductor 154c.

The first source electrode 173a and the second source electrode 173b are formed on the semiconductor (the first semiconductor 154a, the second semiconductor 154b, and the third semiconductor 154c), the resistive contact members 163a, 165a, A first drain electrode 175a, a second drain electrode 175b, a third source electrode 173c and a third drain electrode 175c including a first source electrode 173b and a second source electrode 173b. The data conductors 171, 173c, 175a, 175b, and 175c are formed.

The first gate electrode 124a, the first source electrode 173a and the first drain electrode 175a together with the first semiconductor 154a form a first thin film transistor Qa, Is formed in the semiconductor portion 154a between the first source electrode 173a and the first drain electrode 175a. Similarly, the second gate electrode 124b, the second source electrode 173b, and the second drain electrode 175b together with the second semiconductor 154b form a second thin film transistor Qb, The third source electrode 173c and the third drain electrode 175b are formed in the semiconductor portion 154b between the second source electrode 173b and the second drain electrode 175b. The channel 175c forms a third thin film transistor Qc together with the third semiconductor 154c and the channel of the thin film transistor is connected to the semiconductor portion 154c between the third source electrode 173c and the third drain electrode 175c. As shown in FIG.

A protective layer 180 is formed on the gate insulating layer 140, the data conductors 171, 173c, 175a, 175b, and 175c, and the exposed semiconductor layers 154a, 154b, and 154c. The protective film 180 is formed of an inorganic insulating material such as silicon nitride and silicon oxide, and the step provided by the step difference providing wirings 132h and 132l is not planarized. As a result, cross-shaped steps corresponding to the shapes of the step-providing wirings 132h and 132l are also formed on the protective film 180. Hereinafter, a portion where a step is formed on the protective film 180 is referred to as a 'wiring providing step'.

A first contact hole 184a and a second contact hole 184b for exposing the first drain electrode 175a, the second drain electrode 175b and the third drain electrode 175c are formed in the protective film 180, And a third contact hole 184c are formed.

On the passivation layer 180, a pixel electrode 191 including a first sub-pixel electrode 191h and a second sub-pixel electrode 191l is formed. The first sub-pixel electrode 191h and the second sub-pixel electrode 191l have a plurality of sub-pixel electrodes 192h and 192l and a plurality of sub-pixel electrodes 192h and 192l protruding obliquely from the sub- And includes fine branch electrodes 193h and 193l.

The first sub-pixel electrode 191h is formed with a first sub-branch electrode 192h and a plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h located in a square region. The first sub-pixel electrode 191h has a first connection portion 197h And is connected to the wide end of the first drain electrode 175a.

The first partial plate electrode 192h has a rhomboid shape, and the center of the rectangular plate electrode 192h is positioned at the center of the square region, and each vertex of the rhombic shape meets the boundary of the square region. In addition, the first partial communication electrode 192h covers the first wiring providing stepped portion generated in the protective film 180 by the first step providing wiring 132h. As a result, the first partial passage electrode 192h also has the step provided by the first wiring providing step of the protective film 180 as it is. (See FIG. 8). Here, the first wiring providing step serves to control the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules by providing a linear gradient to the liquid crystal molecules located at the center of the square region, and as a result, the texture is reduced.

A plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h extend in the oblique direction of the first partial communication electrode 192h. The plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h fill the remaining area of the square area and form an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the gate line 121 or the data line 171. The first sub- Is formed at an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the sides.

7, the first sub-pixel electrode 191h includes a first sub-pixel electrode 192h and a first micro branch electrode 193h connecting the ends of the plurality of first microscopic branch electrodes 193h vertically or horizontally, A connecting portion 194h is formed. The first fine interconnection 194h overlaps the first sub-pixel electrode 191h and the lower sustain electrodes 135a and 135b to form a storage capacitor. However, according to the embodiment, the first connecting portion 194h may be omitted, and at this time, the plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h protrude to the outside.

On the other hand, the second sub-pixel electrode 191l includes a second partial channel electrode 192l and a plurality of second micro branched electrodes 193l located in a vertically elongated rectangular region, And is connected to the wide end of the second drain electrode 175l by the second connection part 197l.

The second partial passage electrode 192l is positioned at the center of the rectangular area and has a rhombic shape connecting the centers of the respective sides of the rectangular area. As a result, each vertex of the rhombic shape meets the boundaries of the rectangular region. Also, the second partial passage electrode 192l covers the second wiring providing stepped portion generated in the protective film 180 by the second step providing wiring 132l. As a result, the second partial passage electrode 192l has the step provided by the second wiring providing step of the protective film 180 as it is. (See FIG. 8)

A plurality of second micro branched electrodes 193l extend in the oblique direction of the second partial channel electrode 192l. The plurality of second fine branched electrodes 193l fill the remaining area of the rectangular area and form an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the gate line 121 or the data line 171. The second fine branched electrodes 193l And the angle of 90 占 퐉 to 15 占 with respect to the sides of the bar.

7, the second sub-pixel electrode 191l is connected to the second sub-pixel electrode 192l and the second fine branched electrodes 193l in the longitudinal or transverse direction, A connection portion 1941 is formed. The second fine interconnection 194l overlaps the second sub-pixel electrode 191l and the lower sustain electrodes 135b and 135c to form a storage capacitor. However, according to the embodiment, the second connection portion 1941 may be omitted, and at this time, the plurality of second micro branched electrodes 193l protrude to the outside.

The first sub-pixel electrode 191h and the second sub-pixel electrode 191l are physically and electrically connected to the first drain electrode 175a and the second drain electrode 175b through the contact holes 184a and 184b, respectively And receives a data voltage from the first drain electrode 175a and the second drain electrode 175b. A portion of the data voltage applied to the second drain electrode 175b is divided through the third source electrode 173c so that the magnitude of the voltage applied to the second sub- And 191h, respectively. Here, the area of the second sub-pixel electrode 191l may be at least 1 times and at most 2 times the area of the first sub-pixel electrode 191h.

On the pixel electrode 191, a lower alignment film (not shown) is formed. The lower alignment layer may be a vertical alignment layer and may be an alignment layer containing a photoreactive material. The photoactive material is described in FIG. 33, which will be described later.

Next, the upper display panel 200 will be described. A color filter 230 is formed on the upper panel 200 of FIGS.

That is, a light blocking member 220 is disposed under the insulating substrate 210. The light shielding member 220 is also called a black matrix and blocks light leakage. The light shielding member 220 extends up and down along the gate line 121 and the decompression gate line 123 and includes a first thin film transistor Qh, a second thin film transistor Ql, and a third thin film transistor Qc. And covers the periphery of the data line 171. The data lines 171 and 171 are formed on the data lines 171 and 171, respectively. The area where the light shielding member 220 is not covered is an area for displaying an image by emitting light to the outside.

A color filter 230 is formed under the light shielding member 220. The color filter 230 may display one of the primary colors, such as the three primary colors of red, green, and blue. However, it is not limited to the three primary colors of red, green, and blue, and one of cyan, magenta, yellow, and white colors may be displayed.

A planarization layer 250 is formed under the color filter 230 to provide a planarized lower surface formed of an organic material.

A common electrode 270 formed of a transparent conductive material is formed on the lower surface of the planarization layer 250.

An upper alignment layer (not shown) is formed under the common electrode 270. The upper alignment layer may be a vertical alignment layer and may be a photo alignment layer using a photopolymerizable material.

A polarizer (not shown) is provided on the outer surface of the two display panels 100 and 200, and the transmission axes of the two polarizers are orthogonal, and one of the two transmission axes is parallel to the gate line 121. However, the polarizer may be disposed only on the outer surface of any one of the two display panels 100 and 200.

The liquid crystal layer 3 sandwiched between the lower panel 100 and the upper panel 200 includes liquid crystal molecules 31 having negative dielectric anisotropy.

The liquid crystal layer 3 or the alignment film (not shown) may further comprise a polymer polymerized with light such as ultraviolet rays. The polymer contained in the liquid crystal layer 3 serves to provide a pretilt angle to the liquid crystal layer 3, and a method for providing a pretilt angle in FIG. 33 to be described later will be described in detail. That is, when the alignment direction is sufficiently controlled even without the polymer provided by the liquid crystal layer 3, the polymer layer 3 may not contain the intermediate filler.

In the embodiments of FIGS. 7 and 8 as described above, the step providing means is a cruciform step providing wiring formed in the same layer as the gate line, so that a step is generated in the insulating film / protective film formed thereon.

However, it has been experimentally examined how the thickness of the step-provided wiring (see FIG. 8 d) is formed to have the smallest texture and the transmittance increases, which is shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the results of experiments using the embodiments of FIGS. 7 and 8. FIG.

In FIG. 9, the word "only" indicates that no step-providing wiring is formed, and "Gate" indicates that the step-providing wiring is formed in the same layer as the gate line. That is, referring to FIG. 9, it can be seen that the texture is the least when the gate line is formed to have a thickness of 3000 angstroms, rather than the step-provided wiring layer that is formed on the same layer as the gate line. . Through the above experiment, it can be confirmed that the controllability of the liquid crystal molecules is improved and the texture is reduced when the step providing wirings formed on the same layer as the gate line have a thickness of 3000 Å to 4000 Å.

7 and 8 illustrate only the step-providing wirings formed on the same layer as the gate lines, but the step providing means may be formed by using only the step providing wirings in the same layer as the data lines. In addition, it is also possible to form a step-providing wiring in the same layer as the gate line and in the same layer as the data line, respectively, which will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 10 is a layout diagram showing a detailed wiring part of a liquid crystal display according to another embodiment of the present invention.

10 (A)) in which the same layer as the gate line is formed (FIG. 10 (A)), and the same layer as the data line is additionally formed thereon 7 is the same as the embodiment of Fig. In other words, although the pixel electrode is not shown in FIG. 10 at all, the pixel electrode 191 is formed by the first sub-pixel electrode 191h and the second sub-pixel electrode 191h like the structure of the pixel electrode shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. The first sub-pixel electrode 191h includes a first sub-pixel electrode 192h and a plurality of first fine branched electrodes 193h. The second sub-pixel electrode 191l includes a first sub- Electrode 192l and a plurality of second micro branched electrodes 193l.

10 (A), a first step difference providing wiring formed on the same layer as the gate line in the step providing means according to the embodiment of FIG. 10 will be described.

In Fig. 10A, a gate line 121, a holding voltage line 131, and first step-providing wirings 132h and 132l are formed on an insulating substrate 110. Fig. The sustain voltage line 131 includes sustain electrodes 135a, 135b, and 135c and includes a downwardly extending capacitive electrode 134. [ The sustaining voltage line 131 includes two first vertical sustaining electrode portions 135a extending upward, a horizontal sustaining electrode portion 135b connecting the two first vertical sustaining electrode portions 135a and the horizontal sustaining electrode portions 135b And two second vertical sustaining electrode portions 135c extending upward from the second vertical sustaining electrode portion 135c. The first longitudinal sustaining electrode portion 135a is formed along the longitudinal edge of the first pixel electrode 191h formed on the upper portion and the second longitudinal sustaining electrode portion 135c is formed along the longitudinal edge of the second pixel electrode 191l. Respectively. On the other hand, the lateral sustain electrode portion 135b is located between the horizontal edge of the front-end second pixel electrode 191l and the horizontal edge of the first-stage first pixel electrode 191h, and is formed along two horizontal edges. As a result, the first vertical sustaining electrode portion 135a and the lateral sustaining electrode portion 135b are formed along the edge of the first pixel electrode 191h and at least partially overlap the first pixel electrode 191h, The sustain electrode portion 135c and the lateral sustain electrode portion 135b are formed along the edge of the second pixel electrode 191l and at least partially overlap with the second pixel electrode 191l. Although it is shown that the horizontal sustain electrode portion 135b located at the upper portion and the horizontal sustain electrode portion 135b located at the lower portion in FIG. 1 are separated from each other, And is electrically connected to the sustain electrode unit 135b.

The first step-providing wirings 132h and 132l are formed of the same material in the same layer as the gate line 121 and the holding voltage line 131. In the embodiment of Fig. 10, the sustain electrodes 135a, 135b, and 135c. That is, the first-first-stage-provided wiring 132h has a straight-line shape extending in the vertical direction, and the two ends thereof are connected to the lateral sustaining electrode portion 135b and the sustaining voltage line 131, respectively. On the other hand, the first-second-stage-provided wiring 132l has a linear shape extending vertically and two ends thereof are connected to the lateral sustaining electrode portion 135b.

A gate insulating film is formed on the gate line 121, the holding voltage line 131, and the first step difference providing wirings 132h and 132l, and a semiconductor layer and a resistive contact layer are formed thereon.

The second level difference providing wirings 172h, 172'h, 172l and 172'l are additionally formed on the same layer as the data lines as shown in Fig. 10 (B). The second-first-stage providing wirings 172h and 172l of the second-step providing wirings 172h, 172'h, 172l and 172'l have a linear shape extending vertically, and the first-step providing wirings 132h and 132l, . On the other hand, the second-second-stage-provided wirings 172'h and 172'l form a straight line extending in a transverse direction and are connected to the second-first-stage provided wirings 172h and 172l to form a cross.

The embodiment as shown in FIG. 10 has the following advantages.

In other words, referring to FIG. 9, the step-providing wirings should be formed to a thickness of about 3000 Å to 4000 Å, but it may be difficult to form the thickness as a single layer. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 10, one step difference providing wiring may be formed of the same material as the gate line, and another step providing wiring may be formed thereon with the same material as the data line to provide a sufficient step.

10, the first step providing wiring formed in the same layer as the gate line may have a cross shape. In this case, the first step providing wiring may be connected at one end to the sustain electrodes 135a, 135b, and 135c .

A protective film formed of an inorganic material is disposed on the data line and the second step-providing wirings 172h, 172'h, 172l, and 172'l, and the protective film is provided with the first and second step- Respectively.

Although the pixel electrodes are not shown in Fig. 10, referring to the structure of Figs. 7 and 8, the first partial communication electrode 192h is formed by the first and second step providing wirings 132h, 172h and 172'h And covers the first wiring providing stepped portion generated in the protective film 180. [ As a result, the first partial passage electrode 192h also has the step provided by the first wiring providing step of the protective film 180 as it is. In addition, the second partial passage electrode 192l covers the second wiring providing stepped portion generated in the protective film 180 by the first and second step providing wirings 132l, 172l and 172'l. As a result, the second partial passage electrode 192l has the step provided by the second wiring providing step of the protective film 180 as it is.

Here, the first and second wiring providing steps serve to provide a linear gradient to the liquid crystal molecules to control the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules, and as a result, the texture is reduced.

In the embodiments of Figs. 4, 5, 7 and 8, various modified embodiments of the step providing means shown in Figs. 1 and 2 have been described.

11 to 16, a step-providing groove and a cross-shaped protrusion are formed in the protective film 180, which is an organic insulating film, as in the step providing means of FIGS. 1 and 2, A manufacturing method thereof will be described.

11 to 16 are cross-sectional views of a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention and a mask used to manufacture the same.

11 to 13, a description will be made of an embodiment having a tapered structure at the side wall of the step difference providing groove 185 formed in the protective film 180 which is an organic insulating film.

Fig. 11 is a view corresponding to Fig. 2, in which the side walls of the step-providing groove 185 are all the same except that they have a tapered structure (see the 'T' part). The tapered structure is indicated by T in Fig. 12 (A) in a layout view. As shown in Fig. 12 (A), the tapered regions are formed on the oblique side surfaces of the step-providing grooves 185 corresponding to the respective sides of the partial passage electrode. In addition, the step difference providing groove 185 has a right triangular shape in the layout view, and has a tapered structure in which the side corresponding to the hypotenuse is inclined.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the cross-shaped projecting portion 182 formed on the protective film 180 as the organic insulating film does not have a tapered structure. However, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 12B, The cross-shaped protrusion 182 may also have a tapered configuration.

12C, the texture generation and the transmittance of a pixel having the structure as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12A are tested. In the side wall of the tapered structure providing groove 185, It is possible to confirm that less texture is generated at the other side wall of the step-providing groove 185.

As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12A, a slit mask as shown in FIG. 13 can be used to expose and develop the tapered structure on the sidewalls of the step-providing groove 185 as shown in FIG.

That is, in FIG. 13, a slit mask is placed on a side wall for forming a tapered structure in the step providing groove 185, and exposure is performed to form a tapered structure due to a difference in exposure amount. In the slit mask used in this embodiment, a bar for blocking light and an open portion for transmitting light are repeatedly formed 2-4 times. The width of the bar and the open portion is 0.8 or more and 2 占 퐉 or less.

According to the embodiment, the tapered sidewall may be formed without using the slit mask shown in Fig. In general, when a pattern is formed by exposure / development, the side walls do not have a perfectly vertical structure and have a slightly tapered structure. Therefore, even if a slit mask is not used, 185 may be formed.

In the case of using the slit mask as shown in FIG. 13, it is preferable to apply the case where the angle of the taper is to be larger than that in the normal etching.

14 to 16, an example in which the lower surface (bottom surface) of the step difference providing groove 185 formed in the protective film 180, which is an organic insulating film, is inclined as a whole, unlike in FIGS. 11 to 13.

FIG. 14 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2, in which the lower surface (bottom surface) of the step-providing groove 185 is inclined as a whole, and the lower surface and one side are inclined at a constant slope as one body. That is, the embodiment of FIG. 14 has a tapered structure that is wider than the embodiment of FIG. 11 and is tapered over the entire region 'B' of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 14, in order to have a generally inclined structure on the lower surface (bottom surface), a mask capable of adjusting the exposure amount like a slit mask should be used, and a usable mask is shown in FIG. 15 and FIG.

First, the mask of FIG. 15 exposes and exposes a slit mask over a whole of a step providing groove 185 formed in a protective film 180 which is an organic insulating film. The slit mask is a mask for blocking light, The open portion is repeated, and the width of the open portion is gradually widened. Here, the width of the bar is 0.8 or more and 2 占 퐉 or less, and the width of the open portion is continuously increased from 0.2 to 0.5 占 퐉 at a width of 0.8 to 2 占 퐉.

When the step difference providing groove 185 is formed by using such a slit mask, the depth of the step of the step providing groove 185 is constantly changed as shown in Fig.

On the other hand, the slit mask shown in Fig. 16 has a structure in which groups having openings with the same interval are formed unlike in Fig. 15, and in Fig. 16, a1 group, a2 group, a3 group and a4 group are shown. That is, in all groups, the width of the bar is equal to or greater than 0.8 and equal to or less than 2 탆, but each group has a gap of different openings. However, the a2 group has a larger gap than the a1 group, and the gap between the a2 group, the a3 group, and the a4 group gradually increases from the a2 group to the a4 group.

When exposure is performed using the slit mask shown in Fig. 16, step-shaped step-providing grooves 185 may be formed as shown in the cross-sectional view of Fig. 16, but the actually formed pattern is larger than the cross- And has a stepped shape that is dull and has a cross-sectional structure that is similar to a structure in which the width gradually changes.

The step difference providing groove 185 formed by using the slit mask shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 can improve the control power of the liquid crystal molecules due to the step difference in the step providing groove 185, thereby reducing the occurrence of texture. In addition, as shown in FIG. 33, the step-providing groove 185 having the strongest controllability of the liquid crystal molecules than the other embodiments does not include the linear gradient providing polymer that is polymerized by light such as ultraviolet rays in the liquid crystal layer or the alignment layer It is possible to control the liquid crystal molecules sufficiently and prevent the texture from being generated.

An embodiment in which a line tilt providing polymer that is polymerized by light such as ultraviolet rays may not be included will now be described in more detail with reference to Figs. 17 to 19. Fig.

FIG. 17 is a layout view of a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XVIII-XVIII of FIG.

17 and 18, the liquid crystal display according to the present embodiment includes a lower panel 100 and an upper panel 200 facing each other, a liquid crystal layer 3 interposed between the two panels 100 and 200, And a pair of polarizers (not shown) attached to the outer surfaces of the display panels 100 and 200.

First, the lower panel 100 will be described.

A gate line 121 and a holding voltage line 131 are formed on the insulating substrate 110. The gate line 121 includes a first gate electrode 124a, a second gate electrode 124b, and a third gate electrode 124c. The sustain voltage line 131 includes sustain electrodes 135a, 135b, and 135c and includes a downwardly extending capacitive electrode 134. [ The sustaining voltage line 131 includes two first vertical sustaining electrode portions 135a extending upward, a horizontal sustaining electrode portion 135b connecting the two first vertical sustaining electrode portions 135a and the horizontal sustaining electrode portions 135b And two second vertical sustaining electrode portions 135c extending upward from the second vertical sustaining electrode portion 135c.

The first longitudinal sustaining electrode portion 135a is formed along the longitudinal edge of the first pixel electrode 191h formed on the upper portion and the second longitudinal sustaining electrode portion 135c is formed along the longitudinal edge of the second pixel electrode 191l. Respectively. On the other hand, the lateral sustain electrode portion 135b is located between the horizontal edge of the front-end second pixel electrode 191l and the horizontal edge of the first-stage first pixel electrode 191h, and is formed along two horizontal edges.

As a result, the first vertical sustaining electrode portion 135a and the lateral sustaining electrode portion 135b are formed along the edge of the first pixel electrode 191h and at least partially overlap the first pixel electrode 191h, The sustain electrode portion 135c and the lateral sustain electrode portion 135b are formed along the edge of the second pixel electrode 191l and at least partially overlap with the second pixel electrode 191l.

Although it is shown that the horizontal sustain electrode portion 135b located at the upper portion and the horizontal sustain electrode portion 135b located at the lower portion in FIG. 17 are separated from each other, And is electrically connected to the sustain electrode unit 135b.

A gate insulating film 140 is formed on the gate line 121 and the sustaining voltage line 131. The first semiconductor 154a, the second semiconductor 154b, and the third semiconductor 154c are formed on the gate insulating film 140. In addition,

A plurality of resistive contact members (not shown) are formed on the first semiconductor 154a, the second semiconductor 154b, and the third semiconductor 154c.

The first source electrode 173a and the second source electrode 173b are formed on the semiconductor (the first semiconductor 154a, the second semiconductor 154b, and the third semiconductor 154c), the resistive contact members 163a, 165a, A first drain electrode 175a, a second drain electrode 175b, a third source electrode 173c and a third drain electrode 175c including a first source electrode 173b and a second source electrode 173b. The data conductors 171, 173c, 175a, 175b, and 175c are formed.

The first gate electrode 124a, the first source electrode 173a and the first drain electrode 175a together with the first semiconductor 154a form a first thin film transistor Qa, Is formed in the semiconductor portion 154a between the first source electrode 173a and the first drain electrode 175a. Similarly, the second gate electrode 124b, the second source electrode 173b, and the second drain electrode 175b together with the second semiconductor 154b form a second thin film transistor Qb, The third source electrode 173c and the third drain electrode 175b are formed in the semiconductor portion 154b between the second source electrode 173b and the second drain electrode 175b. The channel 175c forms a third thin film transistor Qc together with the third semiconductor 154c and the channel of the thin film transistor is connected to the semiconductor portion 154c between the third source electrode 173c and the third drain electrode 175c. As shown in FIG.

A protective layer 180 is formed on the gate insulating layer 140, the data conductors 171, 173c, 175a, 175b, and 175c, and the exposed semiconductor layers 154a, 154b, and 154c. The protective film 180 may be formed of an inorganic insulating material or an organic insulating material such as silicon nitride and silicon oxide. In the embodiment of FIG. 17, an organic insulating film containing an organic insulating material is used as a reference.

In FIG. 17, the step difference providing grooves 185h and 185l and the step difference providing grooves 185h and 185l are formed in the protective film 180, which is an organic insulating film, Shaped projecting portion 182 is a step providing means. The step-providing grooves 185h and 185l have a quadrangular structure having two sides intersecting at right angles as shown in Fig. 17, and are symmetrically formed in diagonal directions with respect to each other. As a result, a cross-shaped protrusion 182 is formed in the protective film 180.

18, the lower surface (bottom surface) of the step difference providing grooves 185h and 185l is inclined as a whole, and the lower surface and the one side surface are inclined at a constant inclination in unity. The lower surface of the step difference providing grooves 185h and 185l also has a slope so as to control the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules, thereby reducing the generation of textures.

A first contact hole 184a and a second contact hole 184b are formed in the protection film 180 to expose the first drain electrode 175a, the second drain electrode 175b and the third drain electrode 175c, respectively. A third contact hole 184c is formed. The protective film 180 is formed with an opening 189 through which the gas emitted from the color filter 230 can be collected. Referring to FIG. 17, a pair of openings 189 may be formed in one pixel.

On the passivation layer 180, a pixel electrode 191 including a first sub-pixel electrode 191h and a second sub-pixel electrode 191l is formed. The first sub-pixel electrode 191h and the second sub-pixel electrode 191l have a plurality of sub-pixel electrodes 192h and 192l and a plurality of sub-pixel electrodes 192h and 192l protruding obliquely from the sub- And includes fine branch electrodes 193h and 193l.

The first sub-pixel electrode 191h is formed with a first sub-branch electrode 192h and a plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h located in a square region. The first sub-pixel electrode 191h has a first connection portion 197h And is connected to the wide end of the first drain electrode 175a.

The first partial communication electrode 192h has a regular octagonal shape, and the center of the first partial communication electrode 192h is positioned at the center of the square area. The four vertices of the regular octagonal shape meet with the boundary of the square area. The first partial communication electrode 192h covers the first step-providing groove 185h of the protective film 180 and the first projecting portion 182h of the cross shape. As a result, the first partial passage electrode 192h has the step provided by the first step-providing groove 185h of the protective film 180 and the first protrusion 182h of the cross shape. (See FIG. 18). Here, the first projecting portion 182h in the shape of a cross has a function of controlling the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules by providing a linear gradient to the liquid crystal molecules located at the center of the square region, and as a result, the texture is reduced.

A plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h extend at eight sides formed in the oblique direction of the first partial communication electrode 192h. The plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h fill the remaining area of the square area and form an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the gate line 121 or the data line 171. The first sub- Is formed at an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the sides.

17, the first sub-pixel electrode 191h includes a first sub-pixel electrode 192h and a first micro branch electrode 193h connecting the ends of the plurality of first microscopic branch electrodes 193h vertically or horizontally, A connecting portion 194h is formed. The first fine interconnection 194h overlaps the first sub-pixel electrode 191h and the lower sustain electrodes 135a and 135b to form a storage capacitor. However, according to the embodiment, the first connecting portion 194h may be omitted, and at this time, the plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h protrude to the outside.

On the other hand, the second sub-pixel electrode 191l includes a second partial channel electrode 192l and a plurality of second micro branched electrodes 193l located in a vertically elongated rectangular region, And is connected to the wide end of the second drain electrode 175l by the second connection part 197l.

The second partial passage electrode 192l has its center at the center of the rectangular area and has an octagonal shape connecting the centers of the respective sides of the rectangular area. As a result, the octagonal four vertexes meet the boundaries of the rectangular region. The second partial passage electrode 192l covers the second step-providing groove 185l of the protective film 180 and the second projecting portion 182l in a cross shape. As a result, the second partial passage electrode 192l has the step provided by the second step-providing groove 185l of the protective film 180 and the second projecting portion 1821 of the cross shape. (See FIG. 18)

A plurality of second micro branched electrodes 193l extend at eight sides formed in the oblique direction of the second partial channel electrode 192l. The plurality of second fine branched electrodes 193l fill the remaining area of the rectangular area and form an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the gate line 121 or the data line 171. The second fine branched electrodes 193l And the angle of 90 占 퐉 to 15 占 with respect to the sides of the bar.

17, the second sub-pixel electrode 191l includes a second fine branch electrode 192l and a plurality of second fine branched electrodes 1931 which vertically or horizontally connect the ends of the plurality of second fine branch electrodes 193l. A connection portion 1941 is formed. The second fine interconnection 194l overlaps the second sub-pixel electrode 191l and the lower sustain electrodes 135b and 135c to form a storage capacitor. However, according to the embodiment, the second connection portion 1941 may be omitted, and at this time, the plurality of second micro branched electrodes 193l protrude to the outside.

The first sub-pixel electrode 191h and the second sub-pixel electrode 191l are physically and electrically connected to the first drain electrode 175a and the second drain electrode 175b through the contact holes 184a and 184b, respectively And receives a data voltage from the first drain electrode 175a and the second drain electrode 175b. A portion of the data voltage applied to the second drain electrode 175b is divided through the third source electrode 173c so that the magnitude of the voltage applied to the second sub- And 191h, respectively. Here, the area of the second sub-pixel electrode 191l may be at least 1 times and at most 2 times the area of the first sub-pixel electrode 191h.

The sustain electrode connecting member 139 connects the protruding portion 134 and the third drain electrode 175c of the sustaining voltage line 131 to each other through the contact hole 184c. The sustain voltage Vcst is applied to the protrusion 134 of the sustain voltage line 131 so that the sustain voltage Vcst has a constant voltage value and the third thin film transistor Qc is connected to the third drain electrode 175c through the third drain electrode 175c. The sustain voltage Vcst is applied. As a result, the voltage applied to the second sub-pixel can be lowered.

A cover portion 199 covering the opening portion 189 may be formed on the opening portion 189 of the protective film 180. According to FIG. 17, a pair of lids 199 may be formed on one pixel. The pixel electrode 191 and the lid 199 may be made of a transparent conductive material such as ITO or IZO. Depending on the embodiment, the opening 189 and the lid 199 may be omitted.

On the pixel electrode 191, a lower alignment film (not shown) is formed. The lower alignment layer may be a vertical alignment layer. Further, the lower alignment film does not include the photoactive material shown in Fig. This is because the embodiment of Fig. 17 has sufficient controllability of liquid crystal molecules.

Next, the upper display panel 200 will be described. A color filter 230 is formed on the upper panel 200 of Figs. 17 and 18.

That is, a light blocking member 220 is disposed under the insulating substrate 210. The light shielding member 220 is also called a black matrix and blocks light leakage. The light shielding member 220 extends up and down along the gate line 121 and the decompression gate line 123 and includes a first thin film transistor Qh, a second thin film transistor Ql, and a third thin film transistor Qc. And covers the periphery of the data line 171. The data lines 171 and 171 are formed on the data lines 171 and 171, respectively. The area where the light shielding member 220 is not covered is an area for displaying an image by emitting light to the outside.

A color filter 230 is formed under the light shielding member 220. The color filter 230 may display one of the primary colors, such as the three primary colors of red, green, and blue. However, it is not limited to the three primary colors of red, green, and blue, and one of cyan, magenta, yellow, and white colors may be displayed.

A planarization layer 250 is formed under the color filter 230 to provide a planarized lower surface formed of an organic material.

A common electrode 270 formed of a transparent conductive material is formed on the lower surface of the planarization layer 250.

An upper alignment layer (not shown) is formed under the common electrode 270. The upper alignment film may be a vertical alignment film. Also, the upper alignment film does not contain the photoactive material shown in Fig. This is because the embodiment of Fig. 17 has sufficient controllability of liquid crystal molecules.

A polarizer (not shown) is provided on the outer surface of the two display panels 100 and 200, and the transmission axes of the two polarizers are orthogonal, and one of the two transmission axes is parallel to the gate line 121. However, the polarizer may be disposed only on the outer surface of any one of the two display panels 100 and 200.

The first sub-pixel electrode 191h and the second sub-pixel electrode 191l to which the data voltage is applied generate an electric field together with the common electrode 270 of the common electrode panel 200, The liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 3 oriented so as to be perpendicular to the surfaces of the liquid crystal molecules 191 and 270 are laid down in a horizontal direction with respect to the surfaces of the two electrodes 191 and 270, The brightness of the light passing through the layer 3 is changed.

The liquid crystal display device may further include a spacing member for maintaining the cell spacing between the two display panels 100 and 200. The spacing member is attached to the upper panel 200 or the lower panel 100. [

The liquid crystal layer 3 sandwiched between the lower panel 100 and the upper panel 200 includes liquid crystal molecules 31 having negative dielectric anisotropy. Further, the liquid crystal layer 3 does not include the photoactive material shown in Fig. This is because the embodiment of Fig. 17 has sufficient controllability of liquid crystal molecules.

17 and 18, the step providing means is formed on the protective film 180 which is an organic insulating film, and the step difference providing grooves 185h and 185l and the step difference providing grooves 185h and 185l, Shaped projections 182h and 182l. Further, the partial passage electrodes 192h and 192l have an octagonal shape.

In addition, the lower surfaces (bottom surfaces) of the step difference providing grooves 185h and 185l are inclined as a whole, and the lower surface and the one side surface are inclined at a constant slope as one body. Thus, the lower surfaces (bottom surfaces) of the step difference providing grooves 185h and 185l are inclined to control the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules to provide a line inclination. In addition, the step providing grooves 185h and 185l in Fig. 17 are formed in a wider area than in the other embodiments, so that a region for providing a linear gradient to the liquid crystal molecules is wider. As a result, the liquid crystal molecules are not misaligned and no texture is generated. Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 17, no light-reactive material shown in FIG. 33 is included.

Hereinafter, the characteristics of the embodiments of FIGS. 17 and 18 will be described focusing on experimental results of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 17 and 18. FIG.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the results of experiments using the embodiments of FIGS. 17 and 18. FIG.

19A shows a result of an experiment in which the partial channel electrodes have a rhombic structure and the step difference providing grooves have a generally inclined lower surface and the photoreactive material is not included in the liquid crystal layer or the alignment layer. It can be confirmed that a texture is generated at the portion of the fine branch electrode as shown in Fig. 19 (A). This is because the liquid crystal molecules do not have a linear gradient because there is no photoreactive substance above the fine branched electrode.

However, FIG. 19 (B) is a result of experiment using the embodiment of FIGS. 17 and 18, and the area where the fine branched electrode is formed due to the octagonal structure of the partial connecting electrode decreases, It can be seen that the texture is not generated due to the control of the pre-warp yarn provided by the inclined lower surface (bottom) in the step providing groove.

19 (C) clearly shows the direction of the pre-warp yarn provided to the liquid crystal molecules due to the line warp and cross-shaped protrusions provided on the lower surface of the step providing groove. That is, in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 19 (C), liquid crystal molecules have a linear gradient along the slope of the lower surface of the step providing groove. In the plan view of FIG. 19 (C) And the line inclination direction of the molecules, respectively. The arrow (1) in the plan view of Fig. 19 (C) represents the line inclination direction caused by the inclination inclined at the side wall portion of the step providing groove. The arrow (2) in the plan view of Fig. 19 (C) represents the line inclination direction caused by the inclination inclined at the lower surface of the step providing groove. In the plan view of Fig. 19 (C), the arrow 3 indicates the line inclination direction caused by the cross-shaped protrusion.

17 and 18, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules can be sufficiently controlled without forming a light-reacting material in the liquid crystal layer or the alignment layer, so that no texture is generated.

Hereinafter, the deformation structure of the pixel electrode will be described with reference to FIGS. 20 to 24. FIG.

20 to 24 are enlarged views of a structure of a pixel electrode in a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

First, FIG. 20 shows the structure of a pixel electrode including an X-shaped partial plate electrode, and a result of an experiment on the transmittance is also shown. 20 shows a structure corresponding to the first sub-pixel electrode in Fig.

The pixel electrode according to the embodiment of FIG. 20 includes an X-shaped partial passage electrode 192 and a fine branched electrode 193 extending therefrom.

In the X-shaped partial passage electrode 192, a transverse extending portion and a longitudinal extending portion which transverse and transverse the pixel region are formed.

The X-shaped partial plate electrode 192 has a total of four X-shaped portions, and each portion has a narrower width from the center to the outer side of the pixel electrode.

Each part has a triangular shape having a vertex at the center of the pixel, one corner of the pixel, and a point on the center of the pixel and the transverse extension.

In the X-shaped partial passage electrodes 192, the transverse extension and the longitudinal extension, fine branch electrodes 193 extend to form the remaining part of the pixel area, and are arranged in parallel with the sides of the adjoining parts .

In addition, in the embodiment of FIG. 20, a micro branch connection portion surrounding the periphery of the pixel region is further included. Although the fine branch connection portions are formed on all four sides of the pixel region, depending on the embodiment, they may be formed only on one or more sides of these sides, or may not be formed at all.

In the pixel according to the embodiment of Fig. 20, the step difference providing means H is included. In FIG. 20, the step providing means H is briefly shown, and one of the drawings already provided provides a step in the corresponding region.

20, it can be seen that a part of the texture is generated along the sides of the X-shaped partial passage electrodes 192, and an X-shaped texture is generated.

FIG. 21 shows an embodiment in which the partial transmissive electrodes having two rectangular structures in one pixel region. FIG. 21 shows a structure corresponding to the first sub-pixel electrode in FIG.

The pixel electrode according to the embodiment of FIG. 21 includes a partial channel electrode 192 having two rectangular structures and a fine branched electrode 193 extending therefrom.

The pixel electrode is formed with a horizontal extension portion and a vertical extension portion which horizontally and vertically cross the pixel region, and the horizontal extension portion crosses the two partial rectangular-shaped partial transfer electrodes.

The partial passage electrode 192 has two rectangular structures, and one rectangular structure is formed parallel to the vertical extension.

The micro branch electrode 193 is formed in the remaining portion of the pixel region in the partial channel electrode 192, the transverse extension portion and the longitudinal extension portion, and is formed at a constant angle (at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to one side of the partial channel electrode) .

Further, in the embodiment of FIG. 21, it further includes a fine branch connection portion surrounding the outer periphery of the pixel region. Although the fine branch connection portions are formed on all four sides of the pixel region, depending on the embodiment, they may be formed only on one or more sides of these sides, or may not be formed at all.

In the pixel according to the embodiment of Fig. 21, the step difference providing means H is included. In FIG. 21, the step providing means H is briefly shown, and one of the drawings already provided provides a step in the corresponding region.

21, it can be confirmed that a weak texture is generated along the sides of the rectangular partial plate electrode 192. [

22 shows the structure of the pixel electrode according to the embodiment of the present invention.

22A and 22B show a structure corresponding to the second sub-pixel electrode in FIG. 1, FIG. 22C shows a structure corresponding to the first sub-pixel electrode in FIG. 1 have.

22A and 22B illustrate a case where one partial channel electrode 192l is formed in the region of the second sub-pixel electrode, and FIG. 22B , The two sub-pixel electrodes 192l are vertically connected to each other in the region of the second sub-pixel electrode. In particular, the second sub-pixel electrode is formed in a rectangular area, and when the rectangular area is bisected vertically, each area becomes a square area. In each square area, one piece of diamond-shaped partial transfer electrode is formed.

22 (A)) or a transversely extending portion (not shown) may be formed in the other region, and a fine branched electrode is formed in the remaining region.

Referring to FIG. 22 (A), the partial column electrode 192l is in contact with at least one of the side surfaces of the second sub-pixel electrode, and is contacted at two places in FIG. 22 (A).

On the other hand, FIG. 22C shows a case in which the partial channel electrode 192h has a circular structure. Although only the structure corresponding to the first sub-pixel electrode is shown in FIG. 22, the second sub-pixel electrode may have an elliptical structure formed on the second sub-pixel electrode, and as shown in FIG. 22B, A through electrode may be formed. A fine branch electrode may be formed on the outer side of the circular partial electrode 192h.

Referring to FIG. 22 (C) and the structure of the partial channel electrode before that, the partial channel electrode according to the embodiment of the present invention may have a polygonal shape or a circular shape such as a tetragonal shape or an octagonal shape such as rhombus have.

23 and 24 show the structure of the pixel electrode according to the embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the pixel electrode shown in Figs. 23 and 24 is a structure in which the side visibility is further improved.

That is, the partial channel electrodes 192h and 192l shown in Fig. 23 have a structure in which the width in the lateral direction is larger than the width in the longitudinal direction. When the liquid crystal molecules are formed in such a manner, the liquid crystal molecules are lined up in the head direction, and as a result, visibility is improved in the direction in which the liquid crystal molecules are viewed in the head direction. That is, in another embodiment, liquid crystal molecules are arranged in the direction of 45 degrees, but in the embodiment of FIG. 23, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged at a lower angle to improve the viewing angle characteristics at the side. Referring to FIG. 24, it can be seen that the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules is arranged at an angle of 45 degrees or less in the partly branched electrode structure having a large width in the lateral direction as shown in FIG. (See the dotted line in Fig. 24)

The embodiments of the present invention as described above can be applied to various pixel structures. In the following FIGS. 25 to 32, representative examples applied to respective pixel structures will be described respectively.

Referring to FIGS. 25 and 26, a structure in which two sub-pixels are coupled to each other by a storage capacitor Cas after receiving a data voltage from one transistor Q will be described.

FIG. 25 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a pixel of a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 26 is a layout diagram of a lower panel of a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of gate lines GL, a plurality of data lines DL, signal lines including a plurality of sustain voltage lines SL, and a plurality of pixels PX connected thereto . Each pixel PX includes a pair of first and second subpixels PXa and PXb and a first subpixel electrode 191h is formed in the first subpixel PXa, And a second sub-pixel electrode (191l in FIG. 26) is formed in the sub-pixel PXb.

A liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a switching element Q connected to a gate line GL and a data line DL and a switching element Q connected to the switching element Q to be formed in the first sub- A second liquid crystal capacitor Clcb and a second holding capacitor Cstb connected to the first liquid crystal capacitor Clca and the first holding capacitor Csta and the switching device Q and formed in the second sub-pixel PXb, And an auxiliary capacitor Cas formed between the switching element Q and the second liquid crystal capacitor Clcb.

The switching element Q is a three terminal element such as a thin film transistor provided in the lower panel 100. The control terminal is connected to the gate line GL and the input terminal is connected to the data line DL And the output terminal is connected to the first liquid crystal capacitor Clca, the first holding capacitor Csta, and the auxiliary capacitor Cas.

One terminal of the auxiliary capacitor Cas is connected to the output terminal of the switching element Q and the other terminal is connected to the second liquid crystal capacitor Clcb and the second holding capacitor Cstb.

The charging voltage of the second liquid crystal capacitor Clcb is lower than the charging voltage of the first liquid crystal capacitor Clca by the auxiliary capacitor Cas so that the lateral visibility of the liquid crystal display device can be improved.

26, a structure of a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of gate lines 121 and a plurality of gate lines 121 on an insulating substrate (not shown) made of transparent glass or plastic, A plurality of gate conductors including storage electrode lines 131 are formed.

The gate line 121 transmits the gate signal and extends mainly in the horizontal direction. Each gate line 121 includes a plurality of gate electrodes 124 protruding upward.

The sustaining voltage line 131 is applied with a predetermined voltage and extends substantially in parallel with the gate line 121. Each holding voltage line 131 is located between two adjacent gate lines 121. The sustain voltage line 131 includes storage electrodes 135a and 135b extended downward. However, the shape and arrangement of the sustaining voltage line 131 and the sustaining electrodes 135a and 135b may be variously modified.

A gate insulating layer (not shown) is formed on the gate conductors 121 and 131. A island-shaped semiconductor 154 is formed on the gate insulating film. Semiconductor 154 is positioned over gate electrode 124.

A data conductor including a plurality of data lines 171 and a drain electrode 175 is formed on the semiconductor 154 and the gate insulating film.

The data line 171 transmits a data signal and extends mainly in the vertical direction and crosses the gate line 121 and the sustaining voltage line 131. Each data line 171 includes a source electrode 173 extending toward the gate electrode 124.

The drain electrode 175 is separated from the data line 171 and includes a rod end portion facing the source electrode 173 with the gate electrode 124 as a center. The rod end is partially surrounded by the bent source electrode 173.

The other end of the drain electrode 175 extends substantially parallel to the data line 171 and is formed over the first and second subpixels PXa and PXb, Is referred to as an auxiliary electrode 176.

A passivation layer (not shown) is formed on the data conductors 171 and 175 and the semiconductor 154. The protective film is made of organic insulating material and the surface is flat. In FIG. 26, a cross-sectional shape is provided between the step-providing grooves 185h and 185l and the step-providing grooves 185h and 185l, The projecting portions 182h and 182l of the projecting portions 181a and 182b are step-providing means. The step difference providing grooves 185h and 185l have a right triangular structure as shown in Fig. 26, and are symmetrically formed in diagonal directions with respect to each other. As a result, cross-shaped protrusions 182h and 182l are formed in the protective film.

A color filter may be formed under the protective film.

A plurality of pixel electrodes 191 are formed on the protective film. Each pixel electrode 191 includes a first sub-pixel electrode 191h and a second sub-pixel electrode 191l which are formed at regular intervals.

The first sub-pixel electrode 191h and the second sub-pixel electrode 191l have a plurality of sub-pixel electrodes 192h and 192l and a plurality of sub-pixel electrodes 192h and 192l protruding obliquely from the sub- And includes fine branch electrodes 193h and 193l.

The first sub-pixel electrode 191h includes a first sub-pixel electrode 192h and a plurality of first micro-branched electrodes 193h. The first sub- It is connected to the end.

The first partial communication electrode 192h has a rhombic shape, and each vertex of the rhombic shape meets the boundary of the square area. Further, the first partial communication electrode 192h covers the first step-providing groove 185h of the protective film and the first projecting portion 182h of the cross shape. As a result, the first partial passage electrode 192h has the step provided by the first step-providing groove 185h of the protective film 180 and the first protrusion 182h of the cross shape. In this case, the first projecting portion 182h of the cross shape serves to control the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules by providing a line inclination to the liquid crystal molecules located at the center of the square region, and as a result, the texture is reduced. A plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h extend in the oblique direction of the first partial communication electrode 192h. The plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h form an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the gate line 121 or the data line 171 and an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the diagonal side of the first partial channel electrode 192h .

On the other hand, the second sub-pixel electrode 191l is formed with a second sub-branch electrode 192l and a plurality of second micro branched electrodes 193l and overlaps the auxiliary electrode 176 to form an auxiliary capacitor Cas .

The second partial communication electrode 192l has a rhombic shape connecting the centers of the respective sides of the rectangular region. As a result, each vertex of the rhombic shape meets the boundaries of the rectangular region. Further, the second partial passage electrode 192l covers the second step-providing groove 185l of the protective film and the second projecting portion 1821 of the cross shape. As a result, the second partial passage electrode 192l has the step provided by the second step-providing groove 185l of the protective film and the second projection 1821 of the cross shape. A plurality of second micro branched electrodes 193l extend in the oblique direction of the second partial channel electrode 192l. The plurality of second fine branched electrodes 193l fill the remaining area of the rectangular area and form an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the gate line 121 or the data line 171. The second fine branched electrodes 193l And the angle of 90 占 퐉 to 15 占 with respect to the sides of the bar.

The first and second sub-pixel electrodes 191h and 1911 constitute the first and second liquid crystal capacitors together with the common electrode of the upper panel and the liquid crystal layer therebetween so that even after the thin film transistor (Q in FIG. 25) Thereby maintaining the applied voltage.

The first and second sub-pixel electrodes 191h and 1911 overlap the sustain electrodes 135a and 135b to form the first and second storage capacitors Csta and Cstb and are connected to the first and second liquid crystal capacitors Clca and Clcb, Thereby enhancing the voltage holding capability of the battery.

Although the auxiliary electrode 176 is formed by extending the drain electrode 175 in the first embodiment, the auxiliary electrode 176 may be formed separately from the drain electrode 175 . At this time, a contact hole is formed in the protective film above the first sub-pixel electrode 191h, and the auxiliary electrode 176 is connected to the first sub-pixel electrode 191h through the contact hole to form the second sub- May be formed to overlap.

27 and 28, the two sub-pixels are supplied with the same data voltage from the transistors Qa and Qb, respectively, and then the third switching element Qc applies the same data voltage to the second sub-pixel electrode The voltage of the second liquid crystal capacitor Clcb drops as the charge of the capacitor 191l flows to the auxiliary capacitor Cas.

Hereinafter, a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 27 and 28. FIG.

FIG. 27 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a pixel of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 28 is a layout diagram of a lower panel of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

A liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of signal lines including a plurality of gate lines GLn and GLn + 1, a plurality of data lines DL, a plurality of sustain voltage lines SL, (PX). Each pixel PX includes a pair of first and second subpixels PXa and PXb and a first subpixel electrode 191h is formed in the first subpixel PXa, And a second sub-pixel electrode (191l in Fig. 28) is formed in the sub-pixel PXb.

A liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first switching device Qa, a second switching device Qb, a first switching device Qa, and a second switching device Qb connected to a gate line GLn and a data line DL, A first liquid crystal capacitor Clca formed in the first subpixel PX and a second liquid crystal capacitor Clc connected to the first sustain capacitor Csta and the second switching device Qb to be formed in the second sub- A third switching element Qc connected to the second holding capacitor Cstb and the second switching element Qb and switched by the next gate line GLn + 1, and a third switching element Qc And an auxiliary capacitor Cas connected to the auxiliary capacitor Cs.

The first switching device Qa and the second switching device Qb are three terminal devices such as a thin film transistor provided in the lower panel 100. The control terminal is connected to the gate line GLn, And the output terminals thereof are connected to the first liquid crystal capacitor Clca and the first holding capacitor Csta, the second liquid crystal capacitor Clcb and the second holding capacitor Cstb, respectively, have.

The third switching element Qc is also a three terminal element such as a thin film transistor provided in the lower panel 100. The control terminal is connected to the gate line GLn + 1 at the next stage, Is connected to the capacitor (Clcb), and the output terminal is connected to the auxiliary capacitor (Cas).

One terminal of the auxiliary capacitor Cas is connected to the output terminal of the third switching element Qc and the other terminal is connected to the holding voltage line SL.

When the gate-on voltage is applied to the gate line GLn, the first and second switching elements Qa and Qb connected thereto are turned on, The data voltage of the first sub-pixel electrode 171 is applied to the first and second sub-pixel electrodes (191h and 191l in Fig. 28).

When the gate-off voltage is applied to the gate line GLn and the gate-on voltage is applied to the gate line GLn + 1 at the next stage, the first and second switching elements Qa and Qb are turned off, The switching element Qc is turned on. Accordingly, the charge of the second sub-pixel electrode (191l in FIG. 28) connected to the output terminal of the second switching device Qb flows into the auxiliary capacitor Cas, and the voltage of the second liquid crystal capacitor Clcb falls.

As described above, the charging voltage of the first and second liquid crystal capacitors Clca and Clcb is made different from each other, thereby improving the lateral visibility of the liquid crystal display device.

As shown in FIG. 28, the structure of the liquid crystal display according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of first gate lines 121, a plurality of second gate lines 121, and a plurality of second gate lines 121 on an insulating substrate (not shown) A plurality of gate conductors including a plurality of depressurization gate lines 123 and a plurality of storage electrode lines 131 are formed.

The first gate line 121 and the decompression gate line 123 extend mainly in the lateral direction and transfer gate signals. The first gate line 121 includes a first gate electrode 124a and a second gate electrode 124b protruding upward and the decompression gate line 123 includes a third gate electrode 124c protruding upwardly . The first gate electrode 124a and the second gate electrode 124b are connected to each other to form one protrusion.

The sustaining voltage line 131 also extends mainly in the transverse direction and carries a predetermined voltage such as a common voltage. The sustain voltage line 131 includes storage electrodes 135a and 135b extended upward and downward. At this time, the shape and arrangement of the sustaining voltage line 131 and the sustaining electrodes 135a and 135b may be variously modified.

A gate insulating layer (not shown) is formed on the gate conductors 121, 123, and 131.

On the gate insulating film 140, a plurality of island-like semiconductors 154 are formed. The semiconductor 154 includes a first semiconductor 154a located on the first gate electrode 124a, a second semiconductor 154b located on the second gate electrode 124b, and a third semiconductor 154b located on the third gate electrode 124c. (154c). The first semiconductor 154a and the second semiconductor 154b may be connected to each other.

A plurality of data lines 171, a first drain electrode 175a, a second drain electrode 175b, a third source electrode 173c and a third drain electrode 175c are formed on the semiconductor 154 and the gate insulating film, ) Are formed on the substrate.

The data line 171 transmits the data signal and extends mainly in the longitudinal direction to cross the first gate line 121 and the decompression gate line 123. Each data line 171 includes a first source electrode 173a and a second source electrode 173b extending toward the first gate electrode 124a and the second gate electrode 124b. The first source electrode 173a and the second source electrode 173b are connected to each other.

The first drain electrode 175a, the second drain electrode 175b, and the third drain electrode 175c include a wide one end portion and a rod-shaped other end portion. The rod end portions of the first drain electrode 175a and the second drain electrode 175b are partially surrounded by the first source electrode 173a and the second source electrode 173b respectively and the third drain electrode 175c And is partially surrounded by the third source electrode 173c. The wide one end of the second drain electrode 175b is connected to the third source electrode 173c. The wide end 177c of the third drain electrode 175c partially overlaps the extension 137a of the sustaining voltage line 131 to form an auxiliary capacitor Cas.

Second and third source electrodes 173a / 173b / 173c and first / second / third drain electrodes 175a / 175b (corresponding to the first / second / third gate electrodes 124a / 124b / 124c, / 175c are connected to a first thin film transistor (TFT) (Qa / Qb / Qc in Fig. 5) together with first / second / third semiconductors 154a / 154b / 154c And a channel of the thin film transistor is formed in each semiconductor 154a / 154b / 154c between each of the source electrodes 173a / 173b / 173c and each drain electrode 175a / 175b / 175c.

A passivation layer (not shown) is formed on portions of the data conductors 171, 175a, 175b, and 175c and exposed semiconductors 154a, 154b, and 154c. The protective film is made of organic insulating material and the surface is flat. In FIG. 26, a cross-sectional shape is provided between the step-providing grooves 185h and 185l and the step-providing grooves 185h and 185l, The projecting portions 182h and 182l of the projecting portions 181a and 182b are step-providing means. The step difference providing grooves 185h and 185l have a right triangular structure as shown in Fig. 28, and are symmetrically formed in a diagonal direction with respect to each other. As a result, cross-shaped protrusions 182h and 182l are formed in the protective film. A plurality of contact holes 184a and 184b are formed in the protective film to expose a wide end portion of the first drain electrode 175a and a wide end portion of the second drain electrode 175b, respectively.

A color filter may be formed under the protective film.

A plurality of pixel electrodes 191 are formed on the protective film. Each pixel electrode 191 includes a first sub-pixel electrode 191h and a second sub-pixel electrode 191l which are formed at regular intervals.

The first sub-pixel electrode 191h and the second sub-pixel electrode 191l have a plurality of sub-pixel electrodes 192h and 192l and a plurality of sub-pixel electrodes 192h and 192l protruding obliquely from the sub- And includes fine branch electrodes 193h and 193l.

The first sub-pixel electrode 191h includes a first sub-pixel electrode 192h and a plurality of first micro-branched electrodes 193h. The first sub-pixel electrode 191h includes a first sub- And is connected to the wide end of the first drain electrode 175a.

The first partial communication electrode 192h has a rhombic shape, and each vertex of the rhombic shape meets the boundary of the square area. Further, the first partial communication electrode 192h covers the first step-providing groove 185h of the protective film and the first projecting portion 182h of the cross shape. As a result, the first partial passage electrode 192h has the step provided by the first step-providing groove 185h of the protective film 180 and the first protrusion 182h of the cross shape. In this case, the first projecting portion 182h of the cross shape serves to control the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules by providing a line inclination to the liquid crystal molecules located at the center of the square region, and as a result, the texture is reduced. A plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h extend in the oblique direction of the first partial communication electrode 192h. The plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h form an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the gate line 121 or the data line 171 and an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the diagonal side of the first partial channel electrode 192h .

The second sub-pixel electrode 191l includes a second sub-pixel electrode 192l and a plurality of second micro-branched electrodes 193l. The second sub-pixel electrode 191l includes a second sub- And is connected to the wide end of the second drain electrode 175b.

The second partial communication electrode 192l has a rhombic shape connecting the centers of the respective sides of the rectangular region. As a result, each vertex of the rhombic shape meets the boundaries of the rectangular region. Further, the second partial passage electrode 192l covers the second step-providing groove 185l of the protective film and the second projecting portion 1821 of the cross shape. As a result, the second partial passage electrode 192l has the step provided by the second step-providing groove 185l of the protective film and the second projection 1821 of the cross shape. A plurality of second micro branched electrodes 193l extend in the oblique direction of the second partial channel electrode 192l. The plurality of second fine branched electrodes 193l fill the remaining area of the rectangular area and form an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the gate line 121 or the data line 171. The second fine branched electrodes 193l And the angle of 90 占 퐉 to 15 占 with respect to the sides of the bar.

The first and second sub-pixel electrodes 191h and 1911 constitute the first and second liquid crystal capacitors (Clca and Clcb in FIG. 27) together with the common electrode of the upper panel and the liquid crystal layer therebetween, The applied voltage is maintained even after the transistor (Qa, Qb in Fig. 27) is turned off.

The first and second sub-pixel electrodes 191h and 1911 overlap the sustain electrodes 135a and 135b to form the first and second storage capacitors Csta and Cstb and are connected to the first and second liquid crystal capacitors Clca and Clcb, Thereby enhancing the voltage holding capability of the battery.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 29 and 30, a structure in which two different sub-pixels receive different data voltages from one transistor Qa and one transistor Qb will be described.

FIG. 29 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a pixel of a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 30 is a layout diagram of a lower panel of a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention.

29 and 30, a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a lower panel 100 and an upper panel 200 facing each other, and a liquid crystal layer (3).

First, the lower panel 100 will be described.

A plurality of gate lines 121 and a plurality of storage electrode lines 131 and 135 are formed on the insulating substrate 110.

The gate line 121 transmits the gate signal and extends mainly in the horizontal direction. Each gate line 121 includes a plurality of first and second gate electrodes 124a and 124b protruding upward.

The sustain voltage line includes a stem 131 extending substantially in parallel with the gate line 121 and a plurality of sustain electrodes 135 extending therefrom.

The shape and arrangement of the holding voltage lines 131 and 135 can be modified into various forms.

A gate insulating layer 140 is formed on the gate line 121 and the holding voltage lines 131 and 135. A plurality of semiconductors 154a and 154b made of amorphous or crystalline silicon are formed on the gate insulating layer 140, Respectively.

On the semiconductors 154a and 154b, a plurality of pairs of ohmic contacts are formed, and the resistive contact member is made of a silicide or a material such as n + hydrogenated amorphous silicon having a high concentration of n-type impurities Can be.

A plurality of pairs of data lines 171a and 171b and a plurality of pairs of first and second drain electrodes 175a and 175b are formed on the resistive contact member and the gate insulating layer 140. [

The data lines 171a and 171b transmit data signals and extend mainly in the vertical direction and intersect with the trunk lines of the gate line 121 and the holding voltage line 131. [ The data lines 171a and 171b include first and second source electrodes 173a and 173b extending toward the first and second gate electrodes 124a and 124b and bent in a U shape, The second source electrodes 173a and 173b face the first and second drain electrodes 175a and 175b around the first and second gate electrodes 124a and 124b.

The first and second drain electrodes 175a and 175b extend upward from one end partially surrounded by the first and second source electrodes 173a and 173b respectively and the opposite end may have a large area for connection with another layer have.

However, the shapes and arrangements of the data lines 171a and 171b including the first and second drain electrodes 175a and 175b may be modified into various forms.

The first and second gate electrodes 124a and 124b and the first and second source electrodes 173a and 173b and the first and second drain electrodes 175a and 175b are electrically connected to the first and second semiconductors 154a and 154b, And the channel of the first and second thin film transistors Qa and Qb is connected to the first and second source electrodes (Qa and Qb) 173a and 173b and the first and second semiconductors 154a and 154b between the first and second drain electrodes 175a and 175b.

The ohmic contact member exists only between the semiconductor layers 154a and 154b under the ohmic contact members and the data lines 171a and 171b and the drain electrodes 175a and 175b thereon and reduces contact resistance therebetween. Semiconductors 154a and 154b are exposed between the source electrodes 173a and 173b and the drain electrodes 175a and 175b as well as between the data lines 171a and 171b and the drain electrodes 175a and 175b.

A passivation layer (not shown) is formed on the data lines 171a and 171b, the drain electrodes 175a and 175b, and the exposed semiconductor layers 154a and 154b. The protective film is made of organic insulating material and the surface is flat. In FIG. 26, a cross-sectional shape is provided between the step-providing grooves 185h and 185l and the step-providing grooves 185h and 185l, The projecting portions 182h and 182l of the projecting portions 181a and 182b are step-providing means. The step difference providing grooves 185h and 185l have a right triangular structure as shown in Fig. 26, and are symmetrically formed in diagonal directions with respect to each other. As a result, cross-shaped protrusions 182h and 182l are formed in the protective film.

A color filter may be formed under the protective film.

A plurality of pixel electrodes 191 are formed on the protective film. Each pixel electrode 191 includes a first sub-pixel electrode 191h and a second sub-pixel electrode 191l which are formed at regular intervals.

The first sub-pixel electrode 191h and the second sub-pixel electrode 191l have a plurality of sub-pixel electrodes 192h and 192l and a plurality of sub-pixel electrodes 192h and 192l protruding obliquely from the sub- And includes fine branch electrodes 193h and 193l.

The first sub-pixel electrode 191h includes a first sub-pixel electrode 192h and a plurality of first micro-branched electrodes 193h. The first sub- And is connected to the first drain electrode 175a.

The first partial communication electrode 192h has a rhombic shape, and each vertex of the rhombic shape meets the boundary of the square area. Further, the first partial communication electrode 192h covers the first step-providing groove 185h of the protective film and the first projecting portion 182h of the cross shape. As a result, the first partial passage electrode 192h has the step provided by the first step-providing groove 185h of the protective film 180 and the first protrusion 182h of the cross shape. In this case, the first projecting portion 182h of the cross shape serves to control the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules by providing a line inclination to the liquid crystal molecules located at the center of the square region, and as a result, the texture is reduced. A plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h extend in the oblique direction of the first partial communication electrode 192h. The plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h form an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the gate line 121 or the data line 171 and an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the diagonal side of the first partial channel electrode 192h .

The second sub-pixel electrode 191l includes a second sub-pixel electrode 192l and a plurality of second micro-branched electrodes 193l. The second sub-pixel electrode 191l is extended to the outside of the region where the second sub- And is connected to the second drain electrode 175b by a connection part.

The second partial communication electrode 192l has a rhombic shape connecting the centers of the respective sides of the rectangular region. As a result, each vertex of the rhombic shape meets the boundaries of the rectangular region. Further, the second partial passage electrode 192l covers the second step-providing groove 185l of the protective film and the second projecting portion 1821 of the cross shape. As a result, the second partial passage electrode 192l has the step provided by the second step-providing groove 185l of the protective film and the second projection 1821 of the cross shape. A plurality of second micro branched electrodes 193l extend in the oblique direction of the second partial channel electrode 192l. The plurality of second fine branched electrodes 193l fill the remaining area of the rectangular area and form an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the gate line 121 or the data line 171. The second fine branched electrodes 193l And the angle of 90 占 퐉 to 15 占 with respect to the sides of the bar.

The first and second sub-pixel electrodes 191h and 191l constitute the first and second liquid crystal capacitors together with the common electrode of the upper panel and the liquid crystal layer therebetween so that even after the thin film transistor (Q of FIG. 29) Thereby maintaining the applied voltage.

The first and second sub-pixel electrodes 191h and 1911 overlap the sustain electrodes 135a and 135b to form the first and second storage capacitors Csta and Cstb and are connected to the first and second liquid crystal capacitors Clca and Clcb, Thereby enhancing the voltage holding capability of the battery.

31 and 32, the two sub-pixels are supplied with the same data voltage from the transistors Qa and Qb, and then are supplied to the capacitors Csa and Csb connected to the power supply line, A structure in which the gradation displayed by the pixel is changed will be described.

FIG. 31 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a pixel of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 32 is a layout diagram of a lower panel of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a gate line GL, a data line DL, a first power line SL1, a second power line SL2, a gate line GL, A first switching element Qa and a second switching element Qb connected to the data line GL and the data line DL.

The liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an auxiliary boosting capacitor Csa and a first liquid crystal capacitor Clca connected to the first switching device Qa and a second auxiliary switching capacitor Qb connected to the second switching device Qb, (Csb) and a second liquid crystal capacitor (Clcb).

The first switching element Qa and the second switching element Qb are composed of three terminal elements such as a thin film transistor. The first switching device Qa and the second switching device Qb are connected to the same gate line GL and the same data line DL and are turned on at the same timing to output the same data signal.

A voltage swinging with a constant period is applied to the first power line SL1 and the second power line SL2. A first low voltage is applied to the first power line SL1 for a predetermined period (for example, 1H), and a first high voltage is applied for a predetermined period. A second high voltage is applied to the second power line SL2 for a predetermined period, and a second low voltage is applied for a predetermined period. At this time, the first period and the second period are repeated a plurality of times during one frame, and a voltage swinging is applied to the first power line SL1 and the second power line SL2. At this time, the first low voltage and the second low voltage may be the same, and the first high voltage and the second high voltage may be the same.

The auxiliary boosting capacitor Csa is connected to the first switching device Qa and the first power source line SL1 and the auxiliary reducing capacitor Csb is connected to the second switching device Qb and the second power source line SL2 do.

The voltage Va of the terminal of the auxiliary boosting capacitor Csa connected to the first switching device Qa is applied to the first power line SL1 when the first low voltage is applied to the first power line SL1 And becomes higher when the first high voltage is applied. Thereafter, as the voltage of the first power line SL1 swings, the voltage Va of the first terminal swings.

The voltage Vb of the terminal of the auxiliary reducing capacitor Csb connected to the first switching element Qb is connected to the second power line SL2 at a second high voltage And when the second low voltage is applied, it is lowered. Thereafter, as the voltage of the second power line SL2 swings, the voltage Vb of the second terminal swings.

Even if the same data voltage is applied to the two sub-pixels, the voltages Va and Vb of the pixel electrodes of the two sub-pixels are changed according to the magnitude of the voltage swinging on the first and second power lines SL1 and SL2. The transmissivity of the two sub-pixels can be made different and the side viewability can be improved.

Hereinafter, a structure of a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

A plurality of gate lines 121, a first power source line 131a, and a second power source line 131b are formed on a first substrate (not shown) made of transparent glass or plastic.

The gate line 121 transmits the gate signal and extends mainly in the horizontal direction. The gate line 121 includes a first gate electrode 124a protruding upward and a second gate electrode 124b protruding downward.

A voltage swinging with a constant period is applied to the first power source line 131a and the second power source line 131b.

A first low voltage is applied to the first power line 131a for a predetermined period (for example, 1H), and a first high voltage is applied for a predetermined period. A second high voltage is applied to the second power line 131b for a predetermined period, and a second low voltage is applied for a predetermined period. In this case, the first period and the second period are repeated a plurality of times during one frame, and a voltage swinging is applied to the first power source line 131a and the second power source line 131b. At this time, the first low voltage and the second low voltage may be the same, and the first high voltage and the second high voltage may be the same.

The first power source line 131a may be formed on the upper side of the gate line 121 and the second power source line 131b may be formed on the lower side of the gate line 121.

A gate insulating layer (not shown) is formed on the gate line 121, the first power source line 131a, and the second power source line 131b. A island-shaped semiconductor (not shown) is formed on the gate insulating film. Semiconductors are positioned above the first and second gate electrodes 124a and 124b, respectively.

A plurality of data lines 171, a first source electrode 173a, a second source electrode 173b, a first drain electrode 175a, and a second drain electrode 175b are formed on the semiconductor and gate insulating films. Two drain electrodes 175b are formed.

The data line 171 transmits the data signal and extends mainly in the vertical direction and crosses the gate line 121 and the power lines 131a and 131b. The data line 171 shown in Fig. 32 is not formed in a straight line. The data line 171 is composed of a first sub-data line 171a and a second sub-data line 171b connected to each other. The first sub-data line 171a and the second sub-data line 171b are different from each other It is on board. The first sub data line 171a is formed along the edge of the pixel electrode 191 adjacent to the right side with respect to the data line 171 and the second sub data line 171b is formed along the edge of the pixel electrode 191 adjacent to the data line 171 The pixel electrode 191 is formed on the pixel electrode 191,

The first source electrode 173a and the second source electrode 173b are formed by protruding from the data line 171 over the first gate electrode 124a and the second gate electrode 124b, respectively. The first source electrode 173a and the second source electrode 173b protrude from the same data line 171 and receive the same data voltage. The first source electrode 173a and the second source electrode 173b may be U-shaped.

The first drain electrode 175a is spaced apart from the first source electrode 173a and the first source electrode 173a is sandwiched between the first source electrode 173a and the first source electrode 173a, 131a extending in a direction perpendicular to the first direction. The rod-end portion of the first drain electrode 175a is partially surrounded by the U-shaped first source electrode 173a. In addition, the extension of the first drain electrode 175a has a cross shape.

The second drain electrode 175b is spaced apart from the second source electrode 173b so that the second source electrode 173b and the second power source line 173b, 131b extending in a direction perpendicular to the first direction. The rod-end portion of the second drain electrode 175b is partially surrounded by the U-shaped second source electrode 173b. In addition, the extension of the second drain electrode 175b has a cross shape.

The first gate electrode 124a, the first source electrode 173a and the first drain electrode 175a constitute a first switching element (Qa in FIG. 31), and the second gate electrode 124b, the second source electrode 173b and the second drain electrode 175b constitute a second switching element (Qb in Fig. 31).

A passivation layer is formed on the data line 171, the first and second source electrodes 173a and 173b, and the first and second drain electrodes 175a and 175b. The protective film is made of organic insulating material and the surface is flat. In FIG. 32, the protective film as the organic insulating film is provided with a step providing means for providing a step on the layer formed thereon. In FIG. 32, the step providing grooves 185h and 185l and the step providing grooves 185h and 185l, The projecting portions 182h and 182l of the projecting portions 181a and 182b are step-providing means. The step difference providing grooves 185h and 185l have a right triangular structure as shown in Fig. 32, and are symmetrically formed in diagonal directions with respect to each other. As a result, cross-shaped protrusions 182h and 182l are formed in the protective film.

A first contact hole 181a for exposing a part of the first drain electrode 175a and a second contact hole 181b for exposing a part of the second drain electrode 175b are formed in the protective film.

A color filter may be formed under the protective film.

A plurality of pixel electrodes 191 are formed on the protective film. Each pixel electrode 191 includes a first sub-pixel electrode 191h and a second sub-pixel electrode 191l which are formed at regular intervals.

The first sub-pixel electrode 191h and the second sub-pixel electrode 191l have a plurality of sub-pixel electrodes 192h and 192l and a plurality of sub-pixel electrodes 192h and 192l protruding obliquely from the sub- And includes fine branch electrodes 193h and 193l.

The first sub-pixel electrode 191h includes a first sub-pixel electrode 192h and a plurality of first micro-branched electrodes 193h. The first sub-pixel electrode 191h includes a first sub- And is connected to the extension of the first drain electrode 175a at the channel electrode 192h. The position where the first drain electrode 175a and the first sub-pixel electrode 191h are connected is formed on the first projecting portion 182h in a cross shape in FIG. However, depending on the embodiment, the first drain electrode 175a and the first sub-pixel electrode 191h may be connected through the first step-providing groove 185h or other regions.

The first partial communication electrode 192h has a rhombic shape, and each vertex of the rhombic shape meets the boundary of the rectangular region. Further, the first partial communication electrode 192h covers the first step-providing groove 185h of the protective film and the first projecting portion 182h of the cross shape. As a result, the first partial passage electrode 192h has the step provided by the first step-providing groove 185h of the protective film 180 and the first protrusion 182h of the cross shape. In this case, the first protrusion 182h in the form of a cross has a function of controlling the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules by providing a linear gradient to the liquid crystal molecules located at the center of the rectangular region, and as a result, the texture is reduced. A plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h extend in the oblique direction of the first partial communication electrode 192h. The plurality of first micro branched electrodes 193h form an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the gate line 121 or the data line 171. The sides of the first partial channel electrode 192h in the diagonal direction are set at 90 占Angle.

The second sub-pixel electrode 191l includes a second sub-pixel electrode 192l and a plurality of second micro-branched electrodes 193l. The second sub- And the second partial electrode 192l is connected to the extension of the second drain electrode 175b. A position where the second drain electrode 175b and the second sub-pixel electrode 191l are connected is formed on the second projecting portion 182l in the cross shape in Fig. However, depending on the embodiment, the second drain electrode 175b and the second sub-pixel electrode 191l may be connected through the second step-providing groove 185l or the other region.

The second partial communication electrode 192l has a rhombic shape connecting centers of respective sides of the rectangular region. As a result, each vertex of the rhombic shape meets the boundary of the rectangular region. Further, the second partial passage electrode 192l covers the second step-providing groove 185l of the protective film and the second projecting portion 1821 of the cross shape. As a result, the second partial passage electrode 192l has the step provided by the second step-providing groove 185l of the protective film and the second projection 1821 of the cross shape. A plurality of second micro branched electrodes 193l extend in the oblique direction of the second partial channel electrode 192l. The plurality of second fine branched electrodes 193l fill the remaining area of the rectangular area and form an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the gate line 121 or the data line 171. The second fine branched electrodes 193l And the angle of 90 占 퐉 to 15 占 with respect to the sides of the bar.

Although not shown, a common electrode (not shown) is formed on a second substrate (not shown) to be adhered to and facing the first substrate. A common electrode (not shown) is applied to the first substrate. A layer (not shown) is formed.

The first sub-pixel electrode 191a and the second sub-pixel electrode 191b form a first and second liquid crystal capacitors (Clca and Clcb in FIG. 31) together with a common electrode formed on the second substrate and a liquid crystal layer therebetween The applied voltage is maintained even after the first and second switching elements Qa and Qb are turned off.

The first sub-pixel electrode 191a constitutes an auxiliary boost capacitor (Csa in FIG. 31) together with the first power source line 131a and a protective film therebetween to increase the voltage of the first liquid crystal capacitor (Clca in FIG. 31) . The second sub-pixel electrode 191b constitutes an auxiliary depressurization capacitor (Csb in FIG. 31) together with the second power source line 131b and a protective film therebetween to reduce the voltage of the second liquid crystal capacitor (Clcb in FIG. 31). 31) of the first liquid crystal capacitor (Clca in FIG. 31) is depressurized and the auxiliary decompression capacitor Csb (FIG. 31) is in the off state, depending on the voltage applied to the power lines 131a and 131b The voltage of the second liquid crystal capacitor (Clcb in FIG. 31) is also increased.

An alignment film can be formed on the first and second substrates of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, and light alignment (refer to Fig. 33) for controlling the alignment direction and the alignment angle of the liquid crystal by irradiating light to the alignment film or the liquid crystal layer .

In FIG. 32, a portion indicated by B is a region where a texture is generated, and the brightness is displayed higher than other regions. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the influence of the texture by covering the corresponding portion. Of these, the liquid crystal is laid at zero degree on the vertical line portion crossing the center of the first and second sub-pixel electrodes 191a and 191b, and the luminance difference between the liquid crystal and the other region when viewed from the side and from the front is not large . On the other hand, the horizontal line portion crossing the center of the first and second sub-pixel electrodes 191a and 191b is 90 degrees in the liquid crystal, and the luminance difference from the other region is large in the side view.

Accordingly, the first power line 131a and the second power line 131b are formed so as to cover the horizontal line portions crossing the centers of the first sub-pixel electrode 191a and the second sub-pixel electrode 191b, Can be prevented.

In Fig. 32, the structure of the data line 171 is not formed as a straight line, so that the texture formed at the edge of the pixel is also covered.

That is, the first sub-data line 171a and the second sub-data line 171b are alternately arranged and connected to each other. The first and second sub-pixel electrodes 191a and 191b are divided into two parts, upper and lower, respectively. The upper left edge of the first and second sub-pixel electrodes 191a and 191b is connected to the first sub- And the lower right edges of the first and second sub-pixel electrodes 191a and 191b are overlapped with the second sub-data line 171b. With this arrangement, it is possible to reduce the influence of the texture formed at the edge of the pixel.

As can be seen from FIGS. 1, 4, 7, 17, and 25 to 32, the structure including the partial channel electrode, the microchip electrode, and the step providing unit as in the embodiment of the present invention, And may be applied to various embodiments in which the sub-pixel is divided into two or more sub-pixels. In addition, the present invention can be applied to a case where one pixel is not divided.

In the meantime, it has been described that the liquid crystal layer or the alignment layer may contain a photoreactive material, which will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

FIG. 33 is a view showing a process of making liquid crystal molecules have line inclination by using a prepolymer polymerized by light such as ultraviolet rays. FIG.

Referring to FIG. 3, a prepolymer 330 such as a monomer cured by polymerization with light such as ultraviolet light is placed between two display panels 100 and 200 together with a liquid crystal material Inject. The prepolymer 330 may be a reactive mesogen that undergoes a polymerization reaction with light such as ultraviolet light.

A data voltage is applied to the first and second sub-pixel electrodes 191h and 1911 and a common voltage is applied to the common electrode 270 of the upper panel 200 to form a liquid crystal layer 3 ). ≪ / RTI > Then, the liquid crystal molecules 31 of the liquid crystal layer 3 are tilted in a certain direction in response to the electric field.

When the liquid crystal molecules 31 of the liquid crystal layer 3 are tilted in a certain direction and light such as ultraviolet rays is irradiated, the prepolymer 330 undergoes a polymerization reaction to form a linear inclination providing polymer 350 are formed. The linear inclination providing polymer 350 is formed in contact with the display plates 100 and 200. The alignment direction is determined so that the liquid crystal molecules 31 are linearly inclined in the direction described above by the linear gradient providing polymer 350. [ Therefore, even when no electric field is applied to the electric field generating electrodes 191 and 270, the liquid crystal molecules 31 are arranged in a line inclination in four different directions.

As a result, the liquid crystal molecules 31 in the regions of the upper subpixel or the lower subpixel of one pixel have line inclination in all four directions.

33 is preferably used incidentally when the color filter 230 can not reduce the texture by controlling the liquid crystal molecules only by the step provided by the color filter 230.

In the example shown in Fig. 33, the liquid crystal layer contains a light-responsive substance. However, the case where the light-sensitive material is included in the alignment layer is also formed.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, Of the right.

100, 200: display panel 110, 210: insulating substrate
121: gate line 131: sustain voltage line
132, 172: providing a stepped wiring 135: sustain electrode
171: Data line 180: Protective film
182: a cross-shaped protrusion 185: a step-providing groove
191:
191h: first sub-pixel electrode 191l: second sub-pixel electrode
192: partial passage electrode 193: fine branched electrode
194: connection part 230: color filter
3: liquid crystal layer 31: liquid crystal molecule

Claims (78)

Board;
A pixel electrode formed on the substrate, the pixel electrode including a plurality of micro branched electrodes extending from the partial passage electrode and the partial passage electrode; And
And a step providing means disposed between the substrate and the pixel electrode,
Wherein the step providing means has a height of 3000 Å to 4000 Å. The method of claim 1,
Wherein the step providing means is formed on an organic insulating film located between the substrate and the pixel electrode. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the step providing means is a cross-shaped protrusion on the organic insulating film. 4. The method of claim 3,
Wherein the step providing means further includes a step providing groove which shares a side face with the cross-shaped projection. 5. The method of claim 4,
And the partial channel electrode covers the step-providing groove. delete The method of claim 5,
Wherein the step providing groove has a tapered side wall. 8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the shape of the partial channel electrode and the shape of the step-providing groove correspond to each other. 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the partial channel electrode has a polygonal shape or a circular shape including a tetragonal shape and an octagonal shape including rhombus. The method of claim 9,
And the fine branched electrodes connected to the partial passage electrodes are formed at a predetermined angle. 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein an angle between the one side of the partial passage electrode and the fine branched electrode is 90 +/- 15 degrees. 11. The method of claim 10,
And a color filter is formed between the substrate and the organic insulating film. The method of claim 12,
An opposite substrate facing the substrate; And
And a liquid crystal layer formed between the substrate and the counter substrate,
Wherein an alignment film is formed in a portion of the substrate and the counter substrate that is in contact with the liquid crystal layer,
Wherein the liquid crystal layer or the alignment layer comprises a linear gradient polymer that is polymerized by ultraviolet light or light. The method of claim 13,
Wherein the width of the partial passage electrodes in the lateral direction is greater than the width in the longitudinal direction. The method of claim 13,
The pixel electrode includes a first sub-pixel electrode and a second sub-pixel electrode,
Wherein the first sub-pixel electrode and the second sub-pixel electrode each have a partial passage electrode and a plurality of fine branched electrodes extending from the partial passage electrode,
And the step providing groove and the cross-shaped projection corresponding to the partial passage electrode are provided as the step providing portion. 16. The method of claim 15,
And the sub-channel electrode is in contact with at least one of side surfaces of the first sub-pixel electrode or the second sub-pixel electrode. 16. The method of claim 15,
Wherein the width of the partial passage electrodes in the lateral direction is greater than the width in the longitudinal direction. 16. The method of claim 15,
Wherein at least one of the first sub-pixel electrode and the second sub-pixel electrode has a greater width in the vertical direction than a width in the horizontal direction. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the step-providing groove is inclined at a bottom of the groove, and the bottom is inclined at a predetermined slope in unison with the side face. 20. The method of claim 19,
Wherein the shape of the partial channel electrode and the shape of the step-providing groove correspond to each other. 20. The method of claim 20,
Wherein the partial channel electrode has a polygonal shape or a circular shape including a tetragonal shape and an octagonal shape including rhombus. 22. The method of claim 21,
And the fine branched electrodes connected to the partial passage electrodes are formed at a predetermined angle. The method of claim 22,
An opposite substrate facing the substrate; And
And a liquid crystal layer formed between the substrate and the counter substrate,
Wherein an alignment film is formed in a portion of the substrate and the counter substrate that is in contact with the liquid crystal layer,
Wherein the liquid crystal layer and the alignment layer are not provided with a line tilt providing polymer that is polymerized by ultraviolet light or light,
Wherein the partial passage electrode has an octagonal shape,
Wherein no color filter is formed between the substrate and the pixel electrode. 24. The method of claim 23,
Wherein an angle between the one side of the partial passage electrode and the fine branched electrode is 90 占 0 占 폚. 24. The method of claim 23,
And a color filter is formed between the substrate and the organic insulating film. 26. The method of claim 25,
An opposite substrate facing the substrate; And
And a liquid crystal layer formed between the substrate and the counter substrate,
Wherein an alignment film is formed in a portion of the substrate and the counter substrate that is in contact with the liquid crystal layer,
Wherein the liquid crystal layer or the alignment layer comprises a linear gradient polymer that is polymerized by ultraviolet light or light. 26. The method of claim 26,
Wherein the width of the partial passage electrodes in the lateral direction is greater than the width in the longitudinal direction. 26. The method of claim 26,
The pixel electrode includes a first sub-pixel electrode and a second sub-pixel electrode,
Wherein the first sub-pixel electrode and the second sub-pixel electrode each have a partial passage electrode and a plurality of fine branched electrodes extending from the partial passage electrode,
And the step providing groove and the cross-shaped projection corresponding to the partial passage electrode are provided as the step providing portion. 29. The method of claim 28,
And the sub-channel electrode is in contact with at least one of side surfaces of the first sub-pixel electrode or the second sub-pixel electrode. 29. The method of claim 28,
Wherein the width of the partial passage electrodes in the lateral direction is greater than the width in the longitudinal direction. 29. The method of claim 28,
Wherein at least one of the first sub-pixel electrode and the second sub-pixel electrode has a greater width in the vertical direction than a width in the horizontal direction. delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete delete

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