KR101922926B1 - 3CCD multi-wavelength camera device with heat dissipating means - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a 3CCD multispectral camera device with a heat dissipating means. More specifically, the 3CCD multispectral camera device splits a light entering through a lens in three directions to acquire image information, and comprises: a housing body having an installation space formed therein and a light port formed on one surface thereof; a lens unit installed on an outer surface of the housing body to transmit an external light to the light port; a light splitting unit installed in the housing body to split the light transmitted from the lens unit to the light port in three directions; and an image information acquisition device installed on the light splitting unit to acquire image information using the light transferred by the light splitting unit. The image information acquisition device arranged on the housing body is enclosed, and a heat dissipation device and a rapid cooling device are included to effectively dissipate heat by the light transferred through the lens unit. Therefore, hear dissipation can be performed efficiently and uniformly.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera device and a heat dissipating means,

The present invention relates to a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus having a heat dissipating means, and more particularly, to a multi-wavelength multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a radiating device and a rapid cooling device while enclosing an image information acquiring device provided in a housing main body, The present invention relates to a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera device having a heat dissipating means for efficiently and uniformly dissipating heat by effectively dissipating heat generated by transmitted light.

In general, CCD (Charge Coupled Device) is a key component in digital cameras, scanners, digital camcorders, etc., and converts video signals into electrical signals. It is already known that the higher the number of pixels of the CCD, the higher the sharpness of digital photographs. Also, the larger the size of the CCD, the brighter and clearer the image is, and the number of CCDs affects the color reproduction of the image.

In other words, since the conventional CCD separates the light received from one CCD into three (R, G, B) colors by using a filter, the signal-to-noise characteristic is poor. On the other hand, 3CCD has three CCDs, (R), green (G), and blue (B), it is possible to obtain a much brighter color than a conventional CCD. Therefore, it is particularly used for a broadcast camera in which a high image quality is desired, and a sharp, And converts it into an electrical signal and transmits it to a monitor, a TV, or the like

The 3CCD camera (3CCD camera) described above can take a high-quality image directly by a person, but it can be used in places where it is difficult for a person to directly shoot, In the case of cold or hot weather, the 3CCD camera is installed in the required position and remote control is made through the remote control device which can conveniently and precisely record and record the desired image.

However, in the conventional 3CCD camera, there are provided three image information acquiring apparatuses for receiving light inside, and a lot of heat is generated as compared with a single image information acquiring apparatus while performing a series of processes of acquiring and transmitting the respective image information There is a problem that the device malfunctions or the device breaks frequently due to overheating, and there is a problem that it is inconvenient for the user to carry and shoot due to excessive heat.

The above-mentioned invention means the background art of the technical field to which the present invention belongs, and does not mean the prior art.

Published patent application No. 2016-0139345

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an image information acquiring apparatus provided in a housing main body, a heat dissipating device and a rapid cooling device, The present invention provides a 3CCD multichannel camera device having a heat dissipating means for efficiently and thermally dissipating heat generated by light transmitted through a light emitting portion.

A 3CCD multispectral camera (3CCD multispectral camera) for acquiring image information by splitting light incident through a lens in three directions comprises a housing main body having a mounting space formed therein and having a hole on one surface thereof, A spectroscopic unit provided inside the housing body for spectroscopically dividing the light projected from the lens unit into three directions, the spectroscopic unit being provided in the housing body, And an image information acquiring unit that acquires image information through the light transmitted through the spectroscopic unit.

The housing main body further includes a heat dissipating device. The heat dissipating device includes a coupling pipe formed on an inner surface of a front panel of the housing main body, and a coupling pipe connected to the coupling pipe, And a radiating protrusion of a helix formed on an outer surface of the radiating tube.

Further, the fastening pipe is further provided with a discharge pen on its inner side so as to discharge the heat to the outside.

In addition, the housing main body is formed with a ventilation hole communicating with the heat dissipation pipe on the back panel, and a filter net is further installed in the ventilation hole.

Further, the vent hole is further provided with an inflow pen for allowing outside air to flow into the heat dissipation pipe.

In addition, the heat dissipation tube may further include a liquid cooler means, wherein the liquid cooler means includes a spiral passage of a spiral formed inside the heat dissipation tube, an inlet formed to communicate with one end of the vortex passage, A discharge port formed to communicate with the other end, a circulation pipe connecting the inlet and the discharge port, and a circulation pump formed in the circulation pipe.

Further, the circulation pipe is further provided with a storage tank.

Further, at one side of the heat-radiating pipe, a guide protrusion having a curved guide surface is further formed at an inner lower portion and an inner upper portion.

A plurality of heat dissipation fins may be further formed on an outer surface of the heat dissipation tube, and a heat dissipation hole may be formed to penetrate the heat dissipation tube.

Further, the housing main body further includes a rapid cooling device, wherein the rapid cooling device includes a support bar formed on an inner surface of the housing main body, a drive motor formed on the support bar, A cooling pipe having a cooling blade formed at an inner periphery thereof at regular intervals and a connection pipe connecting the rotation shaft of the driving motor and the cooling pipe.

The housing body may further include a temperature sensor for sensing a temperature inside and transmitting a signal to the driving motor.

In addition, the support bar may further include an operation cylinder, and the drive motor may be installed on an operation shaft of the operation cylinder.

The wind direction adjusting means is further provided on the cooling pipe, and the wind direction adjusting means includes a mounting groove formed on the inner circumference of the cooling pipe, and a wind direction motor coupled to the mounting groove, And the end of the cooling vane is coupled and rotated so that the wind generated by the rotation of the cooling tube and the rotation of the cooling vane is guided toward the air vents of the image information recording device or the housing main body.

Further, the cooling pipe is further provided with elastic conductive pins on its inner surface.

Further, the cooling pipe is further provided with heat radiating coil fins on its outer surface.

The circulating heat dissipating unit may include a circulation heat dissipating panel having a circulating curved panel formed by connecting the transfer tube of the spectroscopic unit and the upper separating tube, and a circulation pen formed on the circulation heat dissipating panel .

Further, the circulating curved panel is further provided with circulating radiating fins.

The 3CCD multi-wavelength camera device having the heat dissipating means of the present invention is provided with a heat radiating device and a rapid cooling device while enclosing an image information acquiring device provided in the housing main body, so that the heat generated by the light transmitted through the image information acquiring device and the lens can be effectively So that an efficient and uniform heat dissipation is possible.

1 is a perspective view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a heat dissipating means according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view of a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a heat dissipating means according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
3 is an operational state view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a heat dissipating means according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a view showing a circulating heat dissipating means in a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a heat dissipating means according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a view illustrating an operation process of the circulating heat dissipating means in the 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with the heat dissipating means according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a heat dissipating means according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a view showing a heat dissipating tube in a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a heat dissipating means according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a radiation device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a heat dissipating means according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a heat dissipating means according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a heat radiating means according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
12 is a view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a heat radiating means according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
13 is a view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a heat dissipating means according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a view showing a cooling tube in a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a heat radiating means according to a seventh embodiment and an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
15 is a view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a heat radiating means according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
16 is a view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a radiation device according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a heat dissipating means according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this process, the thicknesses of the lines and the sizes of the components shown in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity and convenience of explanation. In addition, the terms described below are defined in consideration of the functions of the present invention, which may vary depending on the intention or custom of the user, the operator. Therefore, definitions of these terms should be made based on the contents throughout this specification.

In addition, the following embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but merely as an example, and various embodiments may be implemented through the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a heat dissipating means according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a heat dissipating means according to a first embodiment of the present invention FIG. 3 is an operational state view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a heat dissipating means according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus having a heat dissipating means according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a view showing the operation process of the circulating heat dissipating means in the 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with the heat dissipating means according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera device provided with a heat dissipating means according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 7 is a view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a heat dissipating means according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a heat dissipating means according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. 10 is a view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a heat dissipating unit according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, 12 is a view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a heat dissipating means according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 13 is a view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention FIG. 14 is a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with heat dissipating means according to the seventh embodiment and the eighth embodiment of the present invention. In the 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus, 15 is a view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus provided with a heat dissipating means according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 16 is a view showing a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera equipped with a heat dissipating means according to a 10th embodiment of the present invention, Fig.

As shown in the figure, a 3CCD multi-wavelength camera device 10 (hereinafter, referred to as a multi-wavelength camera device for convenience of explanation) provided with a heat dissipating means of the present invention is a device that spectrally radiates light incident through a lens in three directions, 3CCD multispectral camera. The multi-wavelength camera apparatus includes a housing body 20, a lens unit 30, a light-splitting unit 40, an image information acquisition apparatus 50, (46).

The housing main body 20 is made of a metal material or a synthetic resin material and has a mounting space formed therein. On one side of the housing main body 20, a light hole 21 is formed to receive light from the lens unit 30.

The lens unit 30 is installed on the outer surface of the housing main body 20 so as to project external light to the optical aperture 21.

The spectroscopic unit 40 is installed inside the housing main body 20 to spectroscope the light emitted from the lens unit 30 to the light hole 21 in three directions.

The light distributing unit 40 includes a transfer tube 41 having one end fused to the inner surface of the housing main body 20 and communicating with the light hole 21, And a lower connection hole 43 formed to communicate with the lower end of the other end of the transfer pipe 41. The transfer pipe 41 is connected to the transfer pipe 41 A first splitter 44 for reflecting a part of the light transmitted through the first splitter 41 and transmitting the remaining light, and a second splitter 45 for reflecting a part of the light transmitted through the first splitter 44 and transmitting the remaining light Respectively.

The image information obtaining apparatus 50 is installed in the transfer tube 41, the upper separation tube 42 and the lower connection hole 43 of the spectroscopic unit 40, To acquire image information.

The image information obtaining apparatus 50 is electrically connected to the main body of the control unit 80 to transmit the obtained image information, and the controller 80 transmits the image information collected to the outside.

4 and 5, the circular heat dissipating unit 46 is disposed so as to connect the transfer pipe 41 and the upper separating pipe 42 of the spectroscopic unit 40, and a curved circular curved panel 461a And a circulation pen 462 formed on the circulation heat dissipation panel 461. The circulation pen 462 is driven to rotate the circulation curved panel 461a It is possible to cool the heat transferred from the minute portion 40 to the circular curved panel 461a while being guided along the plane.

The circulating heat dissipating panel 461 is welded or welded to the transfer pipe 41 and the upper separating pipe 42. The circulating pen 462 is screwed to the upper part of the circulating heat dissipating panel 461, And is fixed.

At this time, the circulating curved panel 461a further includes circulating heat radiating fins 461a 'to dissipate the heat transmitted to the circulating curved panel 461a and to cool the heat by the wind of the circulating pen 62 .

The circular curved panel 461a is formed in a curved curved surface shape and is formed in a substantially "c" cross-sectional shape, and openings (not shown) for passing various components are formed in the circular curved panel 461a Various components such as a circuit board or a memory element included in the camera apparatus may be disposed in the space inside the circular curved panel 461a.

Thus, various arrangements of the camera apparatus disposed on the inside and outside of the circular curvature panel 461a are made possible, so that it is possible to efficiently transmit heat, and to achieve a more compact installation.

In the 3CCD multi-wavelength camera apparatus having the above-described heat dissipating means, the image information obtaining apparatus 50 is mounted on the transfer pipe 41, the upper separation pipe 42, and the lower connection hole 43 of the light- And heat is generated due to the use of electric power. Since heat is generated in the three image information acquiring devices 50, a heat dissipating device 60 is installed, 4 and 5, the heat dissipating device 60 includes a fastening pipe 61 formed on an inner surface of a front panel of the housing main body 20, And a radiating protrusion 621 formed on the outer surface of the radiating pipe 62. The radiating pipe 62 is connected to the radiating pipe 62, Thereby preventing the image information obtaining apparatus 50 from malfunctioning or being damaged due to overheating, The heat dissipating pipe 62 is further formed with a spiral heat dissipating protrusion 621 to effectively dissipate heat to the outside.

One end of the fastening pipe 61 is welded to the inner surface of the front panel of the housing body 20 and is fixed to the inner surface of the fastening pipe 61. A threaded portion is formed on the inner circumference of the fastening pipe 61, A coupling screw is formed and the heat dissipating pipe 62 is screwed to the coupling pipe 61 in a detachable manner.

The fastening pipe (61) and the heat dissipating pipe (62) are made of a metal material.

At this time, it is preferable that a plurality of through holes are further formed in the housing main body 20 so that the heat transferred from the image information obtaining apparatus 50 to the heat dissipating pipe 62 is radiated to the outside through the through hole .

In addition, a metal radiating bar is forcedly inserted into the through hole so as to come into contact with the outer surface of the heat dissipating pipe 62 so that the lower end thereof is in contact with the outer surface of the heat dissipating pipe 62 and the upper end is protruded to the outside . Further, it is preferable that a curved extended heat absorbing panel is further formed integrally with the lower end of the heat dissipating rod so as to be in contact with the heat dissipating pipe 62.

Referring to FIG. 8, the tightening pipe 61 is further provided with a discharge pen 611 on its inner side so as to discharge the heat to the outside.

At this time, a vent hole 22 is formed in the housing main body 20 so as to communicate with the heat dissipating pipe 62 on the back panel, and a filter net 221 is further installed in the vent hole 22. The filter net 221 filters the foreign substances to be introduced and fuses to the air vent 22 to be fixed.

Further, an air inlet pen (612) is further installed in the vent hole (22) so that outside air is introduced into the heat radiation pipe (62).

The discharge pen 611 is formed on an inner upper portion of one end of the coupling pipe 61 and the inflow pen 612 is formed in an inner lower portion of the other end of the coupling pipe 61, It is preferable to circulate it.

9, a guide protrusion 622 having a curved guiding surface 622a is formed at one side of the heat dissipating pipe 62 so that the inflow wind is guided in the inner lower portion Guided by the guide surface 622a of the protrusion 622 and then guided by the guiding portion of the guide protrusion 622 formed on the inner upper portion to be moved by the discharge pen 611, .

10, the heat dissipating pipe 62 is further provided with a liquid cooler means 63. The liquid cooler means 63 includes a spiral vortex passage 631 formed in the heat dissipating pipe 62, An inlet 633 formed to communicate with the other end of the vortex passage 631 and an inlet 633 formed to communicate with the other end of the vortex passage 631. The inlet 632 and the outlet 633 And a circulation pump 635 formed in the circulation pipe 634. The circulation pipe 634 is connected to the circulation pipe 634, Further, the circulation pipe 634 is further provided with a storage tank 636.

Water is filled in the storage tank 636 and water is circulated through the circulation pump 635 along the full path to be transferred from the image information obtaining apparatus 50 to the heat dissipating pipe 62 The heat is cooled.

The circulation pipe 634 is connected to the inlet 632 and the outlet 633 by a pipe connection.

11, a plurality of heat dissipating fins 623 are integrally formed on the outer surface of the heat dissipating tube 62 and further include a heat dissipating hole 624 to penetrate the heat dissipating fin 623, So that the heat inside the heat dissipating tube 62 can be moved outward through the heat dissipating hole 624.

12, the housing main body 20 further includes a rapid cooling device 70. The rapid cooling device 70 includes a support bar 71 screwed to the inner side surface of the housing main body 20, A drive motor 72 which is screwed or fused to the support bar 71 and which is arranged to surround the image information acquiring device 50 and has a cooling blade 731 And a plurality of connecting bars 74 for connecting the rotating shaft of the driving motor 72 and the cooling pipe 73 so as to be screwed together. By driving the driving motor 72, The tube 73 rotates to cool the heat by supplying wind to the entire outer surface of the three image information obtaining apparatuses 50. [

The housing main body 20 further includes a temperature sensor 23 for detecting a temperature of the housing 20 and transmitting a signal to the driving motor 72. The temperature sensor 23 is disposed inside the housing main body 20, 50 to a predetermined temperature or higher, the signal is transmitted to the drive motor 72 to be operated. When the temperature is lower than the set temperature, the signal is transmitted to the drive motor 72 to terminate the drive.

The connection bar 74 is inclined in an oblique direction as shown in the drawing and is connected to the connection bar 74 by the driving motor 72 on one side so as to face the image information acquisition device 50 It is preferable that cooling is performed by causing the wind to be supplied toward the image information obtaining apparatus 50 while rotating.

13 and 14, an operation cylinder 711 is further provided on the support bar 71 so as to be screwed or fused, and the drive motor 72 is installed on the operation shaft of the operation cylinder 711 By driving the operating cylinder 711, the cooling tube 73 can be cooled left and right in the drawing, so that the image information acquiring device 50 can be cooled, .

15, the cooling pipe 73 is further provided with a wind direction adjusting means 75. The wind direction adjusting means 75 includes a seating groove 751 formed at the inner circumference of the cooling pipe 73, And a wind direction motor 752 having one end inserted into the seating groove 751. The end of the cooling wing 731 is coupled to the driving shaft of the wind direction motor 752 and rotated, And the wind by the rotation of the cooling blade 731 is supplied to the image information recording apparatus or the internal heat of the housing main body 20 is guided in the direction of the vent hole 22 of the housing main body 20 And discharged to the outside.

16, a lower portion of the elastic conductive pins 732 made of metal or synthetic resin having elasticity is welded or fused to the inner surface of the cooling pipe 73, and the elastic conductive pin 732 is fixed to the operation In the course of the movement of the cooling pipe (73) by driving the cylinder (711), the heat is received by contacting the image information acquiring device (50).

The lower part of the heat radiating coil fins 733 made of metal is welded or fused to the outer surface of the cooling tube 73 to dissipate the heat of the cooling tube 73. The cooling tube 73 is formed into a coil shape, The area to be radiating at a height is widened and the heat radiation efficiency can be improved.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalent arrangements may be made therein without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. . Therefore, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Accordingly, the true scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical idea of the appended claims. It is also to be understood that the invention includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

10: Multi-wavelength camera device 20: Housing body
30: Lens part 40:
50: Image information acquisition device 60: Heat dissipation device
70: rapid cooling device 80:
21: hole 22:
221: filter net 23: temperature sensor
41: transfer pipe 42: upper separation pipe
43: lower connection hole 44: first splitter
45: second splitter 46: circular heat dissipating means
461: Heat dissipation panel 461a: Curved heat dissipation panel
461a ': circulating radiating fin 462: circulating pen
61: fastening pipe 611: discharge pen
612: Inflow pen 62: Heat pipe
621: heat radiating protrusion 622:
622a: guide surface 623:
624: heat dissipating hole 63: liquid cooler means
631: vortex passage 632: inlet
633: Outlet port 634: Circulation piping
635: circulation pump 636: storage tank
71: support bar 711: working cylinder
72: drive motor 73: cooling pipe
731: cooling blade 732: elastic conduction pin
733: heat radiating coil pin 74: connecting bar
75: Wind direction adjusting means 751:
752: Wind direction motor

Claims (17)

A 3CCD multispectral camera (3CCD multispectral camera) that acquires image information by splitting light incident through a lens in three directions,
A housing body having a mounting space formed therein and having a cavity formed on one surface thereof;
A lens unit installed on an outer surface of the housing body and projecting external light to the light hole;
A spectroscopic unit installed in the housing body to spectroscope the light emitted from the lens unit into the light hole in three directions;
An image information acquisition unit installed in the spectroscopic unit and acquiring image information through light transmitted from the spectroscopic unit; And
And a circulation heat dissipation unit provided in the spectroscopic unit,
The circular heat dissipating means includes a circular heat dissipating panel formed in a cross section on a side end surface so as to be disposed in contact with the transfer tube, the upper separation tube, and the image information acquiring device of the spectroscopic section,
Circulating heat radiation fins are formed on the inner surface of the circulation heat radiation panel,
A circulation pen is installed at a position facing the circulation heat radiation fin in the circulation heat radiation panel,
The housing body is provided with a heat dissipating device, wherein the heat dissipating device includes a coupling pipe formed on an inner surface of a front panel of the housing main body, and a heat dissipation member detachably coupled to the coupling pipe, Tube,
A spiral heat radiating protrusion is formed on an outer surface of the heat dissipation tube,
A guide protrusion having a curved guide surface is formed at one side of the inside of the heat-
And a pen for flowing air is installed inside the heat radiating pipe.
The method according to claim 1,
And a discharge pen is installed inside the fastening pipe to discharge air to the outside.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein a ventilation hole is formed in the rear panel of the housing body so as to communicate with the heat dissipation pipe, and a filter net is installed in the ventilation hole.
The method of claim 3,
Wherein the vent hole is provided with an inflow pen for allowing outside air to flow into the heat radiating pipe.
The method according to claim 1,
The heat dissipating tube is further provided with liquid cooler means,
The liquid cooler means includes a spiral vortex passage formed inside the heat dissipating tube,
An inlet port formed to communicate with one end of the vortex passage,
An outlet formed to communicate with the other end of the vortex passage,
A circulation pipe connecting the inlet and the outlet,
And a circulation pump formed in the circulation pipe.
6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the circulation pipe is further provided with a storage tank.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein a plurality of heat dissipating fins are further formed on an outer surface of the heat dissipating tube, and a heat dissipating hole is further formed to penetrate the heat dissipating tube.
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