KR101876971B1 - BOG Reliquefaction System and Method for Vessel - Google Patents

BOG Reliquefaction System and Method for Vessel Download PDF

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KR101876971B1
KR101876971B1 KR1020160104153A KR20160104153A KR101876971B1 KR 101876971 B1 KR101876971 B1 KR 101876971B1 KR 1020160104153 A KR1020160104153 A KR 1020160104153A KR 20160104153 A KR20160104153 A KR 20160104153A KR 101876971 B1 KR101876971 B1 KR 101876971B1
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gas
storage tank
discharged
liquid separator
evaporated
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Korean (ko)
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KR20180019887A (en
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손수정
류승각
장재형
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대우조선해양 주식회사
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
    • F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0201—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
    • F25J1/0202—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration in a quasi-closed internal refrigeration loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0171—Arrangement
    • F17C2227/0185—Arrangement comprising several pumps or compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0339—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using the same fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/01—Purifying the fluid
    • F17C2265/015—Purifying the fluid by separating
    • F17C2265/017—Purifying the fluid by separating different phases of a same fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/037—Treating the boil-off by recovery with pressurising
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/038—Treating the boil-off by recovery with expanding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/40—Expansion without extracting work, i.e. isenthalpic throttling, e.g. JT valve, regulating valve or venturi, or isentropic nozzle, e.g. Laval
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/02—Recycle of a stream in general, e.g. a by-pass stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/72—Processing device is used off-shore, e.g. on a platform or floating on a ship or barge

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

선박용 증발가스 재액화 방법이 개시된다.
상기 선박용 증발가스 재액화 방법은, 1) 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 압축시키고, 2) 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 냉매로 하여, 상기 1)단계에서 압축된 증발가스를 열교환시켜 냉각시키고, 3) 상기 2)단계에서 냉각된 유체를 팽창밸브에 의해 팽창시키고, 4) 상기 3)단계에서 팽창된 유체를 기액분리기에 의해 액화가스와 기체 상태의 증발가스로 분리시키고, 상기 기액분리기로부터 기체 상태의 증발가스가 배출되는 라인 상에 설치된 유량조절밸브가 100% 열리면, 상기 팽창밸브의 개도를 줄인다.Disclosed is a method for re-liquefaction of marine vaporized gas.
The method for liquefying the ship evaporative gas includes the steps of: 1) compressing the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank; 2) using the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank as the refrigerant; And 3) expanding the fluid cooled in the step 2) by the expansion valve, 4) separating the fluid expanded in the step 3) into a liquefied gas and an evaporated gas in a gaseous state by the gas-liquid separator, The opening degree of the expansion valve is reduced when the flow rate regulating valve provided on the line from which the gaseous evaporation gas is discharged is opened 100%.

Description

선박용 증발가스 재액화 시스템 및 방법{BOG Reliquefaction System and Method for Vessel}BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a system and method for re-

본 발명은 선박에 탑재된 저장탱크에서 발생된 증발가스를 증발가스 자체를 냉매로 사용하여 재액화시키는 선박용 증발가스 재액화 시스템 및 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a system and a method for liquefying a vaporized gas for a ship in which evaporation gas generated in a storage tank mounted on a ship is re-liquefied using the evaporated gas itself as a refrigerant.

근래, 액화천연가스(Liquefied Natural Gas, LNG) 등의 액화가스의 소비량이 전 세계적으로 급증하고 있는 추세이다. 가스를 저온에서 액화시킨 액화가스는 가스에 비해 부피가 매우 작아지므로 저장 및 이송 효율을 높일 수 있는 장점이 있다. 또한, 액화천연가스를 비롯한 액화가스는 액화공정 중에 대기오염 물질을 제거하거나 줄일 수 있어, 연소시 대기오염 물질 배출이 적은 친환경 연료로도 볼 수 있다. In recent years, consumption of liquefied gas such as Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) has been rapidly increasing worldwide. The liquefied gas obtained by liquefying the gas at a low temperature has an advantage of being able to increase the storage and transport efficiency because the volume becomes very small as compared with the gas. In addition, liquefied natural gas, including liquefied natural gas, can be removed as an eco-friendly fuel with less air pollutant emissions during combustion because air pollutants can be removed or reduced during the liquefaction process.

액화천연가스는 메탄(methane)을 주성분으로 하는 천연가스를 약 -162℃로 냉각해서 액화시킴으로써 얻을 수 있는 무색투명한 액체로서, 천연가스와 비교해 약 1/600 정도의 부피를 가진다. 따라서, 천연가스를 액화시켜 이송할 경우 매우 효율적으로 이송할 수 있게 된다.Liquefied natural gas is a colorless transparent liquid obtained by cooling methane-based natural gas to about -162 ° C and liquefying it, and it has a volume of about 1/600 of that of natural gas. Therefore, when the natural gas is liquefied and transported, it can be transported very efficiently.

그러나 천연가스의 액화 온도는 상압 -162 ℃의 극저온이므로, 액화천연가스는 온도변화에 민감하여 쉽게 증발된다. 이로 인해 액화천연가스를 저장하는 저장탱크에는 단열처리를 하지만, 외부의 열이 저장탱크에 지속적으로 전달되므로 액화천연가스 수송과정에서 저장탱크 내에서는 지속적으로 액화천연가스가 자연 기화되면서 증발가스(Boil-Off Gas, BOG)가 발생한다. 이는 에탄 등 다른 저온 액화가스의 경우에도 마찬가지이다.However, since the liquefaction temperature of natural gas is a cryogenic temperature of -162 ° C at normal pressure, liquefied natural gas is sensitive to temperature changes and is easily evaporated. As a result, the storage tank storing the liquefied natural gas is subjected to heat insulation, but the external heat is continuously transferred to the storage tank. Therefore, in the transportation of liquefied natural gas, the liquefied natural gas is naturally vaporized continuously in the storage tank, -Off Gas, BOG) occurs. This also applies to other low temperature liquefied gases such as ethane.

증발가스는 일종의 손실로서 수송효율에 있어서 중요한 문제이다. 또한, 저장탱크 내에 증발가스가 축적되면 탱크 내압이 과도하게 상승할 수 있어, 심하면 탱크가 파손될 위험도 있다. 따라서, 저장탱크 내에서 발생하는 증발가스를 처리하기 위한 다양한 방법이 연구되는데, 최근에는 증발가스의 처리를 위해, 증발가스를 재액화하여 저장탱크로 복귀시키는 방법, 증발가스를 선박의 엔진 등 연료소비처의 에너지원으로 사용하는 방법 등이 사용되고 있다.Evaporation gas is a kind of loss and is an important issue in transport efficiency. Further, when the evaporation gas accumulates in the storage tank, the internal pressure of the tank may rise excessively, and there is a risk that the tank may be damaged. Accordingly, various methods for treating the evaporative gas generated in the storage tank have been studied. Recently, a method of re-liquefying the evaporated gas and returning it to the storage tank for treating the evaporated gas, a method of returning the evaporated gas to the storage tank And a method of using it as an energy source of a consuming place.

증발가스를 재액화하기 위한 방법으로는 별도의 냉매를 이용한 냉동 사이클을 구비하여 증발가스를 냉매와 열교환하여 재액화하는 방법, 및 별도의 냉매가 없이 증발가스 자체를 냉매로 하여 재액화하는 방법 등이 있다. 특히, 후자의 방법을 채용한 시스템을 부분 재액화 시스템(Partial Re-liquefaction System, PRS)이라고 한다.As a method for re-liquefying the evaporation gas, there is a method of re-liquefying the evaporation gas by heat exchange with the refrigerant by providing a refrigeration cycle using a separate refrigerant, and a method of re-liquefying the evaporation gas by using the evaporation gas itself as a refrigerant . Particularly, the system adopting the latter method is called a Partial Re-liquefaction System (PRS).

한편, 일반적으로 선박에 사용되는 엔진 중 천연가스를 연료로 사용할 수 있는 엔진으로 DFDE, ME-GI 엔진, X-DF 엔진 등의 가스연료엔진이 있다.On the other hand, there are gas-fuel engines such as DFDE, ME-GI engine and X-DF engine which can be used as natural gas among the engines used in ships.

DFDE은, 발전용으로 사용되며, 4행정으로 구성된다. 비교적 저압인 6.5 bar 정도의 압력을 가지는 천연가스를 연소공기 입구에 주입하여, 피스톤이 올라가면서 압축을 시키는 오토 사이클(Otto Cycle)을 채택하고 있다.DFDE is used for power generation and consists of four strokes. (Otto Cycle), in which natural gas having a relatively low pressure of about 6.5 bar is injected into the combustion air inlet, and the piston is compressed as it ascends.

ME-GI 엔진은, 추진용으로 사용되며, 2행정으로 구성된다. 300 bar 부근의 고압 천연가스를 피스톤의 상사점 부근에서 연소실에 직접 분사하는 디젤 사이클(Diesel Cycle)을 채택하고 있다.The ME-GI engine is used for propulsion and consists of two strokes. It adopts a diesel cycle in which high pressure natural gas near 300 bar is injected directly to the combustion chamber near the top dead center of the piston.

X-DF 엔진은, 추진용으로 사용되며, 2행정으로 구성된다. 16 bar 정도의 중압 천연가스를 연료로 사용하며, 오토 사이클을 채택하고 있다.The X-DF engine is used for propulsion and consists of two strokes. It uses heavy-duty natural gas of about 16 bar as fuel and adopts autocycle.

본 발명은, 기액분리기 내부의 압력 조절을 원활히 하여 시스템의 정상 운전에 도움을 줄 수 있는, 선박용 증발가스 재액화 시스템 및 방법을 제공하고자 한다.An object of the present invention is to provide a system and method for liquefying a vaporized gas for a ship that can smoothly control the pressure inside the gas-liquid separator and assist in normal operation of the system.

상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 일 측면에 따르면, 1) 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 압축시키고, 2) 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 냉매로 하여, 상기 1)단계에서 압축된 증발가스를 열교환시켜 냉각시키고, 3) 상기 2)단계에서 냉각된 유체를 팽창밸브에 의해 팽창시키고, 4) 상기 3)단계에서 팽창된 유체를 기액분리기에 의해 액화가스와 기체 상태의 증발가스로 분리시키고, 상기 기액분리기로부터 기체 상태의 증발가스가 배출되는 라인 상에 설치된 유량조절밸브가 100% 열리면, 상기 팽창밸브의 개도를 줄이는, 선박용 증발가스 재액화 방법이 제공된다.According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an evaporation apparatus for an evaporator, comprising: 1) compressing an evaporation gas discharged from a storage tank; 2) using evaporation gas discharged from the storage tank as a refrigerant; 3) expanding the fluid cooled in the step 2) by the expansion valve, and 4) separating the fluid expanded in the step 3) into the liquefied gas and the gaseous vaporized gas by the gas-liquid separator And the opening degree of the expansion valve is reduced when the flow control valve provided on the line through which the vaporized gas is discharged from the gas-liquid separator is opened 100%.

상기 4)단계에서 분리된 액화가스는 상기 저장탱크로 보내질 수 있다.The liquefied gas separated in the step 4) may be sent to the storage tank.

상기 4)단계에서 분리된 기체 상태의 증발가스는, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스와 합류되어, 상기 2)단계에서 열교환의 냉매로 사용될 수 있다.The gaseous evaporation gas separated in the step 4) may be combined with the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank and used as a refrigerant for heat exchange in the step 2).

상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 다른 측면에 따르면, 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 압축시키는 압축부; 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 냉매로 하여, 상기 압축부에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 열교환시켜 냉각시키는 열교환기; 상기 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 유체를 팽창시키는 팽창밸브; 상기 팽창밸브에 의해 팽창된 유체를, 액화가스와 기체 상태의 증발가스로 분리시키는 기액분리기; 및 상기 기액분리기로부터 배출되는 기체 상태의 증발가스의 유량 및 개폐를 조절하는 유량조절밸브;를 포함하고, 상기 유량조절밸브가 100% 열리면 상기 팽창밸브의 개도를 줄이는, 선박용 증발가스 재액화 시스템이 제공된다.According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a compressor comprising: a compression unit for compressing an evaporated gas discharged from a storage tank; A heat exchanger which uses the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank as a refrigerant and cools the evaporated gas compressed by the compressed section by heat exchange; An expansion valve for expanding the fluid cooled by the heat exchanger; A gas-liquid separator for separating the fluid expanded by the expansion valve into a liquefied gas and an evaporated gas in a gaseous state; And a flow control valve for controlling the flow rate and opening / closing of the gaseous vaporized gas discharged from the gas-liquid separator, wherein the opening degree of the expansion valve is reduced when the flow control valve is opened by 100% / RTI >

상기 압축부는, 직렬로 연결된 다수개의 압축기를 포함할 수 있다.The compression unit may include a plurality of compressors connected in series.

상기 선박용 증발가스 재액화 시스템은, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 상기 열교환기를 우회시켜 상기 압축부로 공급하는 우회라인을 더 포함할 수 있다.The ship evaporative gas re-liquefaction system may further include a detour line for bypassing the heat exchanger and supplying the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank to the compression unit.

본 발명에 의하면, 기액분리기로 유체를 공급하는 라인 상에 설치된 팽창밸브와, 기액분리기로부터 기체 상태의 증발가스가 배출되는 라인 상에 설치된 유량조절밸브의 개도를 조절하여, 기액분리기 내부의 압력 조절을 원활하게 할 수 있다.According to the present invention, an expansion valve provided on a line for supplying a fluid to a gas-liquid separator and an opening degree of a flow rate control valve provided on a line through which the gas-phase evaporation gas is discharged from the gas- Can be smoothly performed.

도 1은 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따른 선박용 증발가스 재액화 시스템의 개략도이다.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vaporization gas re-liquefaction system for ships according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

이하 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 대한 구성 및 작용을 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다. 하기 실시예는 여러 가지 다른 형태로 변형될 수 있으며, 본 발명의 범위가 하기 실시예에 한정되는 것은 아니다.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

도 1은 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따른 선박용 증발가스 재액화 시스템의 개략도이다.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vaporization gas re-liquefaction system for ships according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

도 1을 참조하면, 본 실시예의 선박용 증발가스 재액화 시스템은, 열교환기(100), 압축부(200), 팽창밸브(300), 기액분리기(400), 및 유량조절밸브(500)를 포함한다.Referring to FIG. 1, the evaporation gas re-liquefaction system for a ship of the present embodiment includes a heat exchanger 100, a compression unit 200, an expansion valve 300, a gas-liquid separator 400, and a flow control valve 500 do.

본 실시예의 저장탱크(T)는, 내부에 액화천연가스, 액화에탄가스 등의 액화가스를 저장하며, 내부 압력이 일정 압력 이상이 되면 증발가스를 외부로 배출시킨다. 저장탱크(T)로부터 배출되는 증발가스는 열교환기(100)로 보내진다.The storage tank T of this embodiment stores liquefied natural gas such as liquefied natural gas or liquefied ethane gas, and discharges the evaporated gas to the outside when the internal pressure exceeds a predetermined pressure. The evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank (T) is sent to the heat exchanger (100).

본 실시예의 열교환기(100)는, 상기 저장탱크(T)로부터 배출된 증발가스를 냉매로 사용하여, 상기 압축부(200)에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 열교환시켜 냉각시킨다.In the heat exchanger 100 of the present embodiment, the evaporation gas discharged from the storage tank T is used as a refrigerant, and the evaporation gas compressed by the compression unit 200 is heat-exchanged to cool the evaporation gas.

본 실시예의 압축부(200)는, 저장탱크(T)로부터 배출된 후 열교환기(100)에서 냉매로 사용된 증발가스를 압축시킨다. 압축부(200)에 의해 압축된 증발가스는 다시 열교환기(100)로 보내져, 저장탱크(T)로부터 배출된 증발가스를 냉매로 열교환되어 냉각된다. 본 실시예의 압축부(200)는, 직렬로 연결된 다수개의 압축기를 포함할 수 있다.The compression section 200 of this embodiment compresses the evaporation gas used as the refrigerant in the heat exchanger 100 after being discharged from the storage tank T. The evaporated gas compressed by the compressing unit 200 is again sent to the heat exchanger 100 so that the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank T is cooled by heat exchange with the refrigerant. The compressor 200 of the present embodiment may include a plurality of compressors connected in series.

본 실시예의 선박용 증발가스 재액화 시스템은, 저장탱크(T)로부터 배출된 증발가스를, 열교환기(100)를 우회시켜 압축부(200)로 공급하는 우회라인(L1)을 더 포함할 수 있다. 우회라인(L1)은, 열교환기(100)가 정상적으로 동작하는 경우에는 사용되지 않고, 열교환기(100)가 고장났거나 유지 보수로 인하여 열교환기(100)를 사용할 수 없는 경우에 사용된다.The ship evaporative gas re-liquefaction system of the present embodiment may further include a bypass line L1 for bypassing the heat exchanger 100 and supplying the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank T to the compression unit 200 . The bypass line L1 is not used when the heat exchanger 100 operates normally and is used when the heat exchanger 100 fails or the heat exchanger 100 can not be used due to maintenance.

또한, 시스템 구동 초기에는 저장탱크(T)로부터 배출된 증발가스를 우회라인(L1)을 따라 압축부(200)로 공급하고, 시스템이 구동된 후 어느 정도 시간이 지나 압축부(200)에 의해 압축된 증발가스가 열교환기(100)로 공급되면, 우회라인(L1)을 사용하지 않고, 저장탱크(T)로부터 배출된 증발가스를 열교환기(100)로 공급하여 냉매로 사용할 수 있다.In the initial stage of the system operation, the evaporation gas discharged from the storage tank T is supplied to the compression unit 200 along the bypass line L1. After a certain period of time after the system is driven, When the compressed evaporated gas is supplied to the heat exchanger 100, the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank T can be supplied to the heat exchanger 100 as a refrigerant without using the bypass line L1.

본 실시예의 팽창밸브(300)는, 압축부(200)에 의해 압축된 후 열교환기(100)에 의해 냉각된 유체를 팽창시킨다.The expansion valve 300 of the present embodiment expands the fluid cooled by the heat exchanger 100 after being compressed by the compression section 200.

본 실시예의 기액분리기(400)는, 압축부(200)에 의한 압축 과정, 열교환기(100)에 의한 냉각 과정, 및 팽창밸브(300)에 의한 팽창 과정을 거쳐 재액화된 액화천연가스와, 기체 상태로 남아있는 증발가스를 분리시킨다.The gas-liquid separator 400 of the present embodiment includes the liquefied natural gas re-liquefied through the compression process by the compressing unit 200, the cooling process by the heat exchanger 100, and the expansion process by the expansion valve 300, Thereby separating the evaporated gas remaining in the gaseous state.

기액분리기(400)에 의해 분리된 액화천연가스는 저장탱크(T)로 보내지고, 기액분리기(400)에 의해 분리된 기체 상태의 천연가스는, 저장탱크(T)로부터 배출되는 증발가스와 합류되어, 열교환기(100)에서 냉매로 사용될 수 있다.The liquefied natural gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 400 is sent to the storage tank T and the gaseous natural gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 400 is mixed with the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank T And can be used as a refrigerant in the heat exchanger 100.

본 실시예의 유량조절밸브(500)는, 기체 상태의 천연가스가 기액분리기(400)로부터 배출되는 라인 상에 설치되어, 천연가스의 유량 및 개폐를 조절한다.The flow control valve 500 of this embodiment is installed on a line through which gas in the gaseous state is discharged from the gas-liquid separator 400 to control the flow rate and opening and closing of the natural gas.

기액분리기(400)의 내부 압력은 주로 유량조절밸브(500)에 의해 조절되는데, 기액분리기(400) 내부 압력이 높아지면 유량조절밸브(500)의 개도를 높여 기체 상태의 증발가스를 더 빠르게 배출시키고, 기액분리기(400) 내부 압력이 낮아지면 유량조절밸브(500)의 개도를 줄여 기체 상태의 증발가스가 배출되는 속도를 낮춘다.The internal pressure of the gas-liquid separator 400 is controlled mainly by the flow control valve 500. When the internal pressure of the gas-liquid separator 400 is increased, the opening degree of the flow control valve 500 is increased to discharge the gas- Liquid separator 400 is lowered, the opening degree of the flow control valve 500 is reduced to lower the rate at which the evaporated gas in the gaseous state is discharged.

종래의 선박용 증발가스 재액화 시스템에 의하면, 유량조절밸브(500)가 100% 열렸음에도 불구하고, 팽창밸브(300)의 고장이나 유량조절밸브(500) 조절장치의 오작동 등으로 인하여, 기액분리기(400) 내부 압력이 잘 조절되지 않는 경우가 발생하였다.The conventional evaporative gas re-liquefaction system of the present invention is capable of operating the gas-liquid separator (not shown) due to a failure of the expansion valve 300 or a malfunction of the flow regulating valve 500 regulating device even though the flow regulating valve 500 is opened 100% 400) was not well controlled.

본 실시예에 의하면, 유량조절밸브(500)가 100% 열린 상태에서는 팽창밸브(300)의 개도를 줄여, 기액분리기(400) 내부 압력을 일정하게 유지시킨다.According to the present embodiment, when the flow control valve 500 is opened 100%, the opening degree of the expansion valve 300 is reduced, and the internal pressure of the gas-liquid separator 400 is maintained constant.

유량조절밸브(500)가 100% 열린 상태라는 것은, 기액분리기(400) 내부에 기체 상태의 증발가스가 최대치에 근접하게 채워져 있어, 기체 상태의 증발가스를 빠르게 배출시켜야 하는 상태라는 것을 의미한다. 따라서, 본 실시예 의하면, 유량조절밸브(500)가 100% 열린 상태에서는 팽창밸브(300)의 개도를 줄여, 열교환기(100)로부터 기액분리기(400)로 공급되는 유체의 유량을 감소시킨다.The state in which the flow control valve 500 is opened 100% means that the gas-phase evaporation gas is filled in the gas-liquid separator 400 close to the maximum value, and the gas-state evaporation gas must be quickly discharged. Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the flow control valve 500 is opened 100%, the opening degree of the expansion valve 300 is reduced, and the flow rate of the fluid supplied from the heat exchanger 100 to the gas-liquid separator 400 is reduced.

본 발명은 상기 실시예에 한정되지 않고, 본 발명의 기술적 요지를 벗어나지 아니하는 범위 내에서 다양하게 수정 또는 변형되어 실시될 수 있음은 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에 있어서 자명한 것이다.It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is.

100 : 열교환기 200 : 압축부
300 : 팽창밸브 400 : 기액분리기
500 : 유량조절밸브 100: heat exchanger 200: compression unit
300: expansion valve 400: gas-liquid separator
500: Flow control valve

Claims (6)

1) 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 압축시키고,
2) 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 냉매로 하여, 상기 1)단계에서 압축된 증발가스를 열교환시켜 냉각시키고,
3) 상기 2)단계에서 냉각된 유체를 팽창밸브에 의해 팽창시키고,
4) 상기 3)단계에서 팽창된 유체를 기액분리기에 의해 액화가스와 기체 상태의 증발가스로 분리시키고,
상기 기액분리기로부터 기체 상태의 증발가스가 배출되는 라인 상에 설치된 유량조절밸브가 100% 열리면 상기 팽창밸브의 개도를 줄여,
상기 기액분리기 내부 압력을 일정하게 유지시키는, 선박용 증발가스 재액화 방법.1) compressing the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank,
2) using the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank as a refrigerant, performing a heat exchange with the evaporated gas compressed in the step 1)
3) The fluid cooled in the step 2) is inflated by the expansion valve,
4) separating the fluid expanded in the step 3) into a liquefied gas and an evaporated gas in a gaseous state by a gas-liquid separator,
The opening degree of the expansion valve is reduced when the flow rate control valve provided on the line through which the vaporized gas is discharged from the gas-liquid separator is opened 100%
Wherein the pressure inside the gas-liquid separator is kept constant. 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 4)단계에서 분리된 액화가스는 상기 저장탱크로 보내지는, 선박용 증발가스 재액화 방법.The method according to claim 1,
The liquefied gas separated in the step 4) is sent to the storage tank. 청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 4)단계에서 분리된 기체 상태의 증발가스는, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스와 합류되어, 상기 2)단계에서 열교환의 냉매로 사용되는, 선박용 증발가스 재액화 방법.The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the gaseous evaporation gas separated in the step (4) is combined with the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank, and used as a refrigerant for heat exchange in the step (2). 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 압축시키는 압축부;
상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 냉매로 하여, 상기 압축부에 의해 압축된 증발가스를 열교환시켜 냉각시키는 열교환기;
상기 열교환기에 의해 냉각된 유체를 팽창시키는 팽창밸브;
상기 팽창밸브에 의해 팽창된 유체를, 액화가스와 기체 상태의 증발가스로 분리시키는 기액분리기; 및
상기 기액분리기로부터 배출되는 기체 상태의 증발가스의 유량 및 개폐를 조절하는 유량조절밸브;를 포함하고,
상기 유량조절밸브가 100% 열리면 상기 팽창밸브의 개도를 줄여,
상기 기액분리기 내부 압력을 일정하게 유지시키는, 선박용 증발가스 재액화 시스템.A compression unit for compressing the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank;
A heat exchanger which uses the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank as a refrigerant and cools the evaporated gas compressed by the compressed section by heat exchange;
An expansion valve for expanding the fluid cooled by the heat exchanger;
A gas-liquid separator for separating the fluid expanded by the expansion valve into a liquefied gas and an evaporated gas in a gaseous state; And
And a flow control valve for controlling the flow rate and opening and closing of the gaseous evaporative gas discharged from the gas-liquid separator,
When the flow control valve is opened 100%, the opening degree of the expansion valve is reduced,
Thereby maintaining the pressure inside the gas-liquid separator at a constant level. 청구항 4에 있어서,
상기 압축부는, 직렬로 연결된 다수개의 압축기를 포함하는, 선박용 증발가스 재액화 시스템.The method of claim 4,
Wherein the compressor comprises a plurality of compressors connected in series. 청구항 4에 있어서,
상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 상기 열교환기를 우회시켜 상기 압축부로 공급하는 우회라인을 더 포함하는, 선박용 증발가스 재액화 시스템.The method of claim 4,
And a detour line for bypassing the heat exchanger and supplying the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank to the compression unit.
KR1020160104153A 2016-08-17 2016-08-17 BOG Reliquefaction System and Method for Vessel KR101876971B1 (en)

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KR20060083726A (en) * 2005-01-18 2006-07-21 대우조선해양 주식회사 Operating system for sub-cooled liquefaction boil-off gas of lng ship
KR20140076490A (en) * 2012-12-11 2014-06-20 대우조선해양 주식회사 System for treating a liquefied gas of a ship

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20060083726A (en) * 2005-01-18 2006-07-21 대우조선해양 주식회사 Operating system for sub-cooled liquefaction boil-off gas of lng ship
KR20140076490A (en) * 2012-12-11 2014-06-20 대우조선해양 주식회사 System for treating a liquefied gas of a ship

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