KR101874542B1 - Structures supporting beam steering of antenna - Google Patents

Structures supporting beam steering of antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
KR101874542B1
KR101874542B1 KR1020170055439A KR20170055439A KR101874542B1 KR 101874542 B1 KR101874542 B1 KR 101874542B1 KR 1020170055439 A KR1020170055439 A KR 1020170055439A KR 20170055439 A KR20170055439 A KR 20170055439A KR 101874542 B1 KR101874542 B1 KR 101874542B1
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
antenna
pattern
ground
present
ground portion
Prior art date
Application number
KR1020170055439A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
서기원
이규연
노승엽
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(주)지에쓰씨
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Priority to KR1020170055439A priority Critical patent/KR101874542B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of KR101874542B1 publication Critical patent/KR101874542B1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
    • H01Q9/285—Planar dipole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/40—Element having extended radiating surface

Abstract

The present invention relates to a structure for supporting beam steering of an antenna capable of freely steering a beam pattern of an antenna according to a ground shape, .
For this purpose, An antenna pattern formed on the dielectric; And a ground portion for grounding the antenna pattern, wherein the ground portion includes a flat surface and an inclined surface that becomes narrower toward the antenna pattern from the flat surface, wherein the inclined surface is a flat or curved antenna, And a structure supporting the same.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a structure supporting a beam steering of an antenna,

Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to a structure that supports beam steering of an antenna.

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) is an advanced traffic management system (ATMS), Advanced Traveler Information System (ATIS), Advanced Public Transportation System (ITS) APTS, Commercial Vehicle Operation (CVO) and Advanced Vehicle / Highway System (AVHS).

The intelligent traffic system including the various services has the functions of the inter-vehicle communication (V2V) and the underpass side road communication (V2I), thereby transmitting / receiving various information in the vehicle.

The intelligent traffic system having the functions of the intervehicle communication (V2V) and the underground roadside communication (V2I) is designed to operate in a frequency band of 1 GHz or less (LTE low band), 1.7 GHz to 2.7 GHz frequency band (LTE high band) GHz frequency band (WAVE), and accordingly, an antenna capable of transmitting and receiving a broadband frequency in the frequency band is required.

The above-described information disclosed in the background of the present invention is only for improving the understanding of the background of the present invention, and thus may include information not constituting the prior art.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a structure for supporting a beam steering of an antenna capable of freely steering a beam pattern of an antenna according to a ground shape.

It is another object of the present invention to improve the performance by overcoming the physical limitation by effectively implementing the antenna for V2V communication and the antenna for V2I in the one radiation region And to provide a structure that supports beam steering of an antenna.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an antenna for vehicle communication (V2V) capable of forming a beam pattern at a low angle of 80 ° to 90 °, Pattern can be formed at a middle angle of 60 ° to 70 ° so that a structure supporting an antenna beam steering capable of maximizing the inter-vehicle communication (V2V) function and the underground roadside communication (V2I) function .

A structure for supporting beam steering of an antenna according to various embodiments of the present invention includes a dielectric; An antenna pattern formed on the dielectric; And a ground portion for grounding the antenna pattern, wherein the ground portion includes a planar surface and an inclined surface having a narrower width from the planar surface toward the antenna pattern, and the inclined surface may be planar or curved.

The ground portion may be a three-dimensional conical, polygonal or hemispherical shape.

The antenna pattern may include any one of monopole, dipole, Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA), and loop.

The antenna pattern includes a pattern for inter-vehicle communication (V2V) formed on one surface of the dielectric and a connection pattern formed on the other surface of the dielectric, and the ground pattern of the connection pattern may be connected to the ground portion.

The ground portion may be located above a two-dimensional ground region, and the ground portion may be electrically connected to the two-dimensional ground region or may be electrically isolated.

Various embodiments of the present invention provide a structure that supports beam steering of an antenna that can steer the beam pattern of the antenna freely according to the ground shape.

The various embodiments of the present invention effectively implement antennas for inter-vehicle communication (V2V) antennas and underground roadside communications (V2I) in a single radiation area, thereby improving performance by overcoming physical limitations. Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > beam steering < / RTI >

Various embodiments of the present invention may form a beam pattern of an antenna for inter-vehicle communication (V2V) at a low angle of 80 to 90 degrees, and the beam pattern of the antenna for the underground roadside communication (V2I) (V2V) function and an underground roadside communication (V2I) function by forming a middle angle of 60 DEG to 70 DEG.

FIGS. 1A and 1B are a front view and a rear view illustrating an example of a structure supporting beam steering of an antenna according to various embodiments of the present invention.
2 is a graph illustrating the return loss of a structure that supports beam steering of an antenna according to various embodiments of the present invention.
3A to 3C are views showing examples of a ground portion of a structure supporting beam steering of an antenna according to various embodiments of the present invention.
FIGS. 4A and 4B show a state where an antenna is installed on a conventional ground portion and an antenna is installed on a ground portion, respectively, as in various embodiments of the present invention.
5A and 5B are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a structure that supports beam steering of an antenna according to various embodiments of the present invention.
6A and 6B are diagrams showing the beam (radiation) pattern of an antenna for intervehicle communication (V2V) and an antenna for underground roadside communication (V2I), respectively, according to various embodiments of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The embodiments of the present invention are described in order to more fully explain the present invention to those skilled in the art, and the following embodiments may be modified into various other forms, It is not limited to the embodiment. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be more faithful and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

In the following drawings, thickness and size of each layer are exaggerated for convenience and clarity of description, and the same reference numerals denote the same elements in the drawings. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed items. In the present specification, the term " connected "means not only the case where the A member and the B member are directly connected but also the case where the C member is interposed between the A member and the B member and the A member and the B member are indirectly connected do.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include singular forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Also, " comprise, " and / or "comprising, " when used in this specification, are intended to be interchangeable with the said forms, numbers, steps, operations, elements, elements and / And does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, operations, elements, elements, and / or groups.

Although the terms first, second, etc. are used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and / or portions, these members, components, regions, layers and / It is obvious that no. These terms are only used to distinguish one member, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Thus, a first member, component, region, layer or section described below may refer to a second member, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the present invention.

It is to be understood that the terms related to space such as "beneath," "below," "lower," "above, But may be utilized for an easy understanding of other elements or features. Terms related to such a space are for easy understanding of the present invention depending on various process states or use conditions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For example, if an element or feature of the drawing is inverted, the element or feature described as "lower" or "below" will be "upper" or "above." Thus, "lower" is a concept encompassing "upper" or "lower ".

FIGS. 1A and 1B are a front view and a rear view illustrating an example of a structure 100 that supports beam steering of an antenna according to various embodiments of the present invention.

1A and 1B, a structure 100 that supports beam steering of an antenna according to various embodiments of the present invention includes a dielectric 110, an antenna pattern 120, and a ground portion 130 . Here, the structure 100 shown is merely an example for the understanding of the present invention, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the structure 100 shown here.

The dielectric 110 includes, for example, but is not limited to, a substantially planar first surface 111 and a generally planar second surface 112 as the opposite surface of the first surface 111 can do.

The dielectric 110 may be formed of a high dielectric constant material that is an organic material, an inorganic material, and / or an inorganic composite material. The dielectric 110 may be made of any suitable dielectric material such as, for example, but not limited to, polyimide, polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), acrylonitrile- (polyethylene terephthalate), PP (polypropylene), FR-1 (paper phenol), FR-4 (glass epoxy), CEM-1 (glass paper epoxy), Teflon, Metal (e. G., Alumina), and equivalents thereof. Moreover, the dielectric 110 may have rigid or flexible rigidity characteristics.

The antenna pattern 120 may be formed in the dielectric 110. The antenna pattern 120 may be formed by patterning the patterns 121 and 122 for the underground roadside communication V2I formed on the first surface 111 of the dielectric 110 and the patterns 121 and 122 for the inter- 123) and / or a mixed pattern thereof. The antenna pattern 120 may be a monopole, a dipole, a Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA), or a loop. FIG. 1A shows a dipole shape. In addition, similar to the above, the antenna pattern 120 of the present invention is merely an example, so that there may be substantially no patterns 121 and 122 for the underpass communication V2I.

The antenna pattern 120 may include a first LTE antenna pattern as a pattern 121 for the underground roadside communication (V2I), which may determine the radiation pattern according to the resonance frequency. The first LT antenna pattern can operate in a low band (1 GHz or less), and various designs such as meander and spiral are possible. Also, the first LT antenna pattern may include a signal pattern and a ground pattern in the form of a dipole. When the ground pattern 1M is included, a radiation beam peak may be formed at approximately 60 DEG to 70 DEG.

In addition, the antenna pattern 120 may include a second LTE antenna pattern as the pattern 122 for the underground roadside communication (V2I), and the radiation pattern may also be determined according to the resonance frequency. This second LTE antenna pattern may operate in a high band (1.7-2.7 GHz), which may include a signal pattern and a ground pattern in dipole form. Likewise, when the ground pattern 1M is included, the radiation beam peak can be formed to approximately 60 to 70 degrees.

Furthermore, the antenna pattern 120 may include a WAVE antenna pattern as a pattern 123 for inter-vehicle communication (V2V), which may also determine the radiation pattern according to the resonant frequency. Such a WAVE antenna pattern can operate at 5 to 6 GHz, and when the ground pattern 1M is included, the radiation beam peak can be formed at approximately 80 to 90 degrees.

Subsequently, the antenna pattern 120 may include, for example, but not by way of limitation, a connecting pattern 124 formed on the second side 112 of the dielectric 110. The connecting pattern 124 connects the signal pattern and the ground pattern of the external circuit board to the signal pattern and the ground pattern of the antenna, respectively. In particular, the ground pattern of the antenna may be connected to the ground portion 130 by a conical ground connection 129.

Here, the size of the ground pattern for radiating the ground pattern among the connecting patterns 124 is preferably smaller than the size of the signal pattern. In particular, in the present invention, the connecting pattern 124 replaces a cable commonly used in a dipole antenna.

In addition, the antenna pattern 120 may be formed of gold, platinum, silver, copper, aluminum, nickel, palladium, chromium, or an alloy thereof, for example, but not limited thereto.

The antenna pattern 120 may be formed by a variety of methods including, but not limited to, electroless plating, electrolytic plating, sputtering, evaporation, CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition), MOCVD (Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition), PECVD CVD, ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition), PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition), PLD (Pulsed Laser Deposition), L-MBE (Laser Molecular Beam Epitaxy), and the like. In addition, the antenna pattern 120 may be formed by, for example, a printing and sintering process of a conductive ink, a plasma spraying process, a room temperature vacuum spraying process, an aerosol deposition process, and the like. Furthermore, the antenna pattern 120 can be used for forging, punching, drawing, cutting metal foils. Bending, or the like, and then adhering to the dielectric 110 with an adhesive layer.

3A to 3C) is a portion of the connecting pattern 124 of the antenna pattern 120 that is connected to the ground pattern through the conical ground connection portion 129. The ground pattern 130 . Particularly, the ground portion 130 is close to the antenna pattern 120 (that is, the conical ground connection portion 129 and the connection pattern 124) from the flat flat surface 131 and the flat surface 131, And the inclined surface 132 may have a narrower width. Substantially, the dielectric 110 and the antenna pattern 120 can be vertically coupled to the ends (upper ends) of the ground portion 130. Such a ground portion will be described below again.

2 is a graph illustrating the return loss of a structure 100 that supports beam steering of an antenna in accordance with various embodiments of the present invention. Here, the X-axis is the frequency band and the Y-axis is the return loss.

As shown in Fig. 2, the reflection loss is low in A and B (A is LTE low band region, B is LTE high band region) and C (V2V) It can be seen that the structure 100 supporting the beam steering of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention operates normally in the V2I region of the vehicle and the V2V region of the vehicle.

FIGS. 3A through 3C are views illustrating an example of a ground portion 130 of a structure 100 supporting beam steering of an antenna according to various embodiments of the present invention.

3A to 3C, the ground portion 130 is connected to the ground pattern or the conical ground connection portion of the connection pattern 124 of the antenna pattern 120. [ That is, the dielectric 110 and the antenna pattern 120 are vertically coupled to the end (upper end) of the ground portion 130. In this state, the ground pattern of the connection pattern 124 is connected to the ground portion 130 (E. G., Soldered).

The ground portion 130 includes a flat flat surface 131 and an inclined surface 132 whose width gradually becomes narrower toward the antenna pattern 120 (i.e., the connecting pattern 124) from the flat surface 131 . Particularly, in the embodiment of the present invention, the ground portion 130 may be a three-dimensional conical shape, a polygonal pyramid shape or a hemispherical shape rather than a two-dimensional shape. Here, reference numeral 140 denotes a general two-dimensional ground region, for example, a loop of a vehicle. Of course, the loop 140 of this vehicle can be electrically connected to the ground portion 130 or can be electrically isolated.

Thus, the structure 100 supporting the beam steering of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention varies the reflection angle of the electromagnetic wave using the shape of the ground portion 130 (in particular, the inclination angle of the inclined surface 132) The beam pattern, that is, the radiation pattern of the antenna can be freely adjusted. Here, the angle between the flat surface 131 and the inclined surface 132 is adjusted to, for example, 1 to 89 degrees, preferably 10 to 80 degrees, more preferably 30 to 60 degrees, A beam pattern (radiation pattern) can be obtained.

Particularly, by adjusting the inclination angle of the inclined surface 132 as described above, it is possible to adjust the beam pattern of the antennas 121 and 122 for the underground roadside communication V2I to a middle angle of 60 to 70 degrees, It is possible to freely adjust the beam pattern of the antenna 123 for inter-vehicle communication (V2V) from 80 [deg.] To 90 [deg.] Which is a low angle.

On the other hand, the ground portion 130 can be formed by, for example, electrolytic plating or the like, although not limited thereto. Particularly, by adjusting the concentration of the plating liquid and the intensity of the plating current at the time of electrolytic plating, various three-dimensional shapes such as a cone, a polygonal pyramid, and a hemispherical shape can be manufactured. In addition, the ground portion 130 may be formed by various processes such as, for example, but not limited to, casting, forging, rolling, and cutting of metal.

The connection between the ground portion 130 and the connecting pattern 124 or the conical ground connection portion 129 may be realized by soldering as described above or by a conductive adhesive such as an anisotropic conductive film, anisotropic conductive paste, or silver epoxy .

FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate a state in which an antenna is installed on a conventional ground unit 130 and a state in which an antenna is installed on the ground unit 130, respectively, as in various embodiments of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4A, conventionally, the ground region is formed horizontally with the ground so that the normal line is formed in a direction perpendicular to the ground region 140 (vehicle loop), and the direction of the electromagnetic wave reflected from the incident electromagnetic wave .

4B, in the embodiment of the present invention, the ground portion 130 protrudes, for example, in the form of a cone from the ground region 140 (vehicle loop) (Obtuse angle) in the region, and the electromagnetic wave reflected from the incident electromagnetic wave is formed substantially parallel to the ground.

Accordingly, the structure 100 supporting beam steering of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention has reduced reflection loss and improved gain over a wide frequency range. That is, the structure 100 supporting the beam steering of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention is efficient in the LTE low band region of 1 GHz or less, the LTE high band region of 1.7 GHz to 2.7 GHz, , In particular, the reflection loss is small and the gain is greatly improved in the inter-vehicle communication (V2V) region, which is a WAVE region of 5 GHz to 6 GHz.

5A and 5B are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a structure 100 that supports beam steering of an antenna in accordance with various embodiments of the present invention.

5A and 5B, a structure 100 for supporting beam steering of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a structure 100 in which an antenna pattern 120 is formed in a cone shape (a sloped surface 132 is a planar shape) That is, in a direction perpendicular to the paper, at the upper end (end) of the ground portion 130 having a curved surface (the inclined surface 132 has a curved shape). Of course, the ground portion 130 is electrically connected to the ground region (for example, the loop 140 of the vehicle) or electrically disconnected.

The length of the antenna pattern 120 depends on the frequency to be transmitted and received. Particularly, the length of the antenna pattern 120 depends on the angle? Between the flat surface 131 (bottom surface) of the ground portion 130 and the sloped surface 132 The radiation pattern of the antenna can be designed at a desired angle by the same principle of reflection angle. Here, the angle? Is naturally greater than zero.

6A and 6B are diagrams showing the beam (radiation) pattern of an antenna for intervehicle communication (V2V) and an antenna for underground roadside communications (LTE or V2I), respectively, according to various embodiments of the present invention.

6A, when a ground portion 130 of the present invention is applied to a monopole antenna (a conventional technique and a ground portion applying technique according to the present invention) as an antenna for inter-vehicle communication (V2V), a beam pattern Can be seen.

6B, in the monopole antenna (the conventional technique and the ground portion applying technique according to the present invention) as the antenna for the underground roadside communication (LET, V2I), the ground portion 130 of the present invention is applied It can be seen that the beam pattern is improved.

6A and 6B, the mono-pole Ant GND means a conventional general environment, and the mono-pole Ant Cone GND change means an environment in which the ground portion according to the present invention is applied. In the inter-vehicle communication (V2V) antenna The beam is formed in the direction of approximately 80 ° to 90 °, and the beam is formed in the direction of 60 ° to 70 ° in the case of the LTE and V2I antennas.

It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

100; The structure supporting the beam steering of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention
110; Dielectric 111; The first side
112; Second surface 120; Antenna pattern
121, 122; Pattern for V2I, LTE in underpass communication
123; Antenna for inter-vehicle communication (V2V)
124; A connection pattern 130; Ground portion
131; Flat surface 132; incline
140; Loop (ground)

Claims (5)

dielectric;
An antenna pattern formed on the dielectric; And
And a ground portion for grounding the antenna pattern,
The ground portion is a three-dimensional cone, polygonal pyramid or hemispherical shape having a planar surface and an inclined surface that becomes narrower from the planar surface toward the antenna pattern,
Wherein the slope is planar or curved. ≪ Desc / Clms Page number 13 > delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the antenna pattern includes one of a monopole, a dipole, a planar inverted F antenna (PIFA), and a loop. The method according to claim 1,
The antenna pattern
A pattern for inter-vehicle communication (V2V) formed on one surface of the dielectric,
And a connection pattern formed on the other surface of the dielectric,
And a ground pattern of the connection pattern is connected to the ground portion. The method according to claim 1,
The ground portion is positioned above the two-dimensional ground region,
Wherein the ground portion is electrically connected to the two-dimensional ground region or electrically separated from the two-dimensional ground region.
KR1020170055439A 2017-04-28 2017-04-28 Structures supporting beam steering of antenna KR101874542B1 (en)

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004328694A (en) 2002-11-27 2004-11-18 Taiyo Yuden Co Ltd Antenna and wireless communication card

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004328694A (en) 2002-11-27 2004-11-18 Taiyo Yuden Co Ltd Antenna and wireless communication card

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